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Qiu X, Guo Q, Wang Y, Huang X, Cao J, Zheng Z, Zhang X. Self-Healing and Reconfigurable Actuators Based on Synergistically Cross-Linked Supramolecular Elastomer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41981-41990. [PMID: 32835472 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive soft actuators show great potential in intelligent robot systems for their various virtues, such as arbitrary shape morphing, outstanding adaptability to environment, and multidegrees of freedom. However, it is extremely challenging to achieve a combination of excellent actuating performance and robust mechanical strength as well as self-healing property. Herein we report a near-infrared light-responsive soft actuator based on the synergistic effects of a crystalline physical cross-linked network and a hydrogen bonding supramolecular network. The actuator exhibits outstanding comprehensive performance including fast and reliable light-responsive behavior (bending angle over 90° within 1.6 s), robust mechanical strength (12.52 MPa), superfast self-healing speed (2 s), and satisfactory self-healing efficiency in both mechanical (87.68%) and actuating (99.50%) performance. In addition, it is convenient to fabricate and reconfigure the actuators by a mild-temperature molding strategy to acquire various three-dimensional structures, thus achieving diverse actuating locomotion. This work provides a powerful and facile strategy to prepare soft actuators with intriguing performance, allowing significant progress in broadening their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quanquan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhuo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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52
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Zhang F, Liu W, Liang L, Liu C, Wang S, Shi H, Xie Y, Yang M, Pi K. Applications of hydrophobic α,ω-bis(amino)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane-graphene oxide in enhancement of anti-corrosion ability of waterborne polyurethane. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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53
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Sun P, Chen H. High-Sensitivity Wearable and Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide/Non-Woven Fabric for Respiration Monitoring. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:9443-9448. [PMID: 32693594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The popularity of humidity sensing for respiratory analysis of patients is gradually increasing because of its portability and cost-effectiveness. However, current flexible humidity sensors are mainly made of polymer films, whose poor hygroscopicity and breathability reduce their sensitivity and comfort. In this study, a highly sensitive humidity sensor was developed using non-woven fabric (NWF) coated with graphene oxide (GO). Bovine serum albumin was used to improve the adsorption of GO onto the NWF, and its effect on sensitivity was investigated by adjusting its concentration. High-humidity sensitivity was experimentally validated by testing different relative humidity levels, and its fast response and excellent feasibility under diverse breathing conditions were verified by successful monitoring of fast and deep breathing, differentiating nose and mouth breathing, and even identifying simple spoken words. This study developed a breathable and skin-friendly humidity sensor based on GO/NWF, which is a promising device for human healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huawei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Ghosh R, Telpande S, Gowda P, Reddy SK, Kumar P, Misra A. Deterministic Role of Carbon Nanotube-Substrate Coupling for Ultrahigh Actuation in Bilayer Electrothermal Actuators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29959-29970. [PMID: 32500702 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, the actuation response of an architectured electrothermal actuator comprising a single layer of carbon nanotube (CNT) film and a relatively thicker film of silk, cellulose, or polydimethylsiloxane is studied. An electric current is passed through the CNT film, which generates heat responsible for electrothermal actuation, in all samples, affixed as per doubly clamped beam configuration. All samples, including pure CNT film, show remarkable actuation such that actuation monotonically increases with the applied voltage. Cyclic pulsed electrical loading shows a lag in the electric current stimulus and the actuation. Remarkably, an ultrahigh actuation of ∼2.8%, which was 72 times more than that shown by pure CNT film, is measured in the CNT-cellulose film, that is, the architectured actuator with the natural polymer having the functional property of hygroexpansion and the structural hierarchy of the CNT film, however, at a significantly larger length scale. Overall, the synergetic contribution of the individual layers in these bilayered actuators enabled achieving ultrahigh electrothermal actuation compared to the homogeneous, synthetic polymer-based devices. A detailed discussion, which also includes examination of the role of the hierarchical substructure and the functional properties of the substrate and numerical analysis using the finite element method, is presented to highlight the actuation mechanism in the fabricated actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Ghosh
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Swanand Telpande
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prarthana Gowda
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Siva K Reddy
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Abha Misra
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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55
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Zhang L, Pan J, Liu Y, Xu Y, Zhang A. NIR-UV Responsive Actuator with Graphene Oxide/Microchannel-Induced Liquid Crystal Bilayer Structure for Biomimetic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6727-6735. [PMID: 31917536 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soft bilayer actuators with a simple fabrication process, diverse molecular alignment, and multistimulus response are displayed in this work. The microchannel method proposed by us can exquisitely program the molecular arrangement. Based on the mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between graphene oxide (GO) and the azobenzene doped liquid crystal network (ALCN), bilayer actuators can exhibit reversible, rapid, and complex deformations under the control of heat, UV and NIR light. Furthermore, in addition to microchannels, various deformation behaviors of bilayer actuators can also be programmed by directionally arranging GO layers. Smart bilayer membranes can be customized into a range of delicate biomimetic devices, such as bionic butterfly, bionic leaf, and foot robot, promising their numerous applications in biomimetic and intelligent soft robotics fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Jingkai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yinghao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yu Xu
- Xi'an Aerospace Composites Research Institute , Xi'an 710025 , China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China , Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
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Shi J, Liu S, Zhang L, Yang B, Shu L, Yang Y, Ren M, Wang Y, Chen J, Chen W, Chai Y, Tao X. Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901958. [PMID: 31273850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The programmable nature of smart textiles makes them an indispensable part of an emerging new technology field. Smart textile-integrated microelectronic systems (STIMES), which combine microelectronics and technology such as artificial intelligence and augmented or virtual reality, have been intensively explored. A vast range of research activities have been reported. Many promising applications in healthcare, the internet of things (IoT), smart city management, robotics, etc., have been demonstrated around the world. A timely overview and comprehensive review of progress of this field in the last five years are provided. Several main aspects are covered: functional materials, major fabrication processes of smart textile components, functional devices, system architectures and heterogeneous integration, wearable applications in human and nonhuman-related areas, and the safety and security of STIMES. The major types of textile-integrated nonconventional functional devices are discussed in detail: sensors, actuators, displays, antennas, energy harvesters and their hybrids, batteries and supercapacitors, circuit boards, and memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Shi
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Su Liu
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lin Shu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Yang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ming Ren
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiaoming Tao
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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57
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Xiang C, Wang W, Zhu Q, Xue D, Zhao X, Li M, Wang D. Flexible and Super-Sensitive Moisture-Responsive Actuators by Dispersing Graphene Oxide into Three-Dimensional Structures of Nanofibers and Silver Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3245-3253. [PMID: 31867950 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Smart actuators with excellent flexibility, sensitive responsiveness, large-scale bending-deformation, and rapid deformation-recovery performance have been sought after by researchers. Two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) is considered as an ideal candidate for humidity-responsive actuators because of its excellent moisture sensitivity. Herein, a flexible membrane-based actuator was prepared by evenly dispersing GO sheets into a three-dimensional network formed by one-dimensional PVA-co-PE nanofibers (NFs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The three-dimensional interlaced pore structure of the AgNWs/NFs/GO composite membrane ensured its larger contact area (19.33 m2/g), faster moisture exchange rate, and large bending deformation under moisture stimulation. In addition, a new explanation for the spatial distribution of adsorbed water molecules and their actuating effect on the bending behaviors of composite membranes is proposed. The adsorbed water lies between the interlayer and surface layer of the composite membrane. The interlayer water molecules make the film volume expand, resulting in a large bending angle of the membrane. On the other hand, the water on the surface layers of the membrane only leads to the change in film weight, having little effect on the bending behavior. Moreover, to make the soft actuator more practical and multifunctional, a conductive AgNWs-NFs/GO bilayer membrane-based actuator was prepared by layered spraying of a AgNW on the NFs/GO membrane, which can be directly used in switching control circuits. The novel flexible membrane-based actuators are of great significance for the soft robot and intelligent control systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxue Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Wen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Qing Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Dan Xue
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Mufang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
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58
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Li Q, Wang X, Dong L, Liu C, Fan S. Spirally deformable soft actuators and their designable helical actuations based on a highly oriented carbon nanotube film. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9788-9796. [PMID: 31746933 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01966a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spiral configurations and helical curlings of plant tendrils and seed pods are very common in nature. Many researchers have tried to develop spirally deformable actuators to mimic these natural spirals through several approaches, such as preforming helical shapes, processing diagonal stripes and employing anisotropic organic layers. However, these methods are usually complex and time-consuming. Here, we used an efficient method to produce a highly oriented carbon nanotube (CNT) film and develop a series of spirally deformable soft actuators which perform various controllable helical actuations. The actuator consists of a CNT layer with strong anisotropy and a silicone layer. By simply adjusting the orientations of the aligned CNTs, the prepared actuators can accomplish left- or right-handed spiral deformations with different helical forms when driven by electricity. Finite element analyses and simulations were conducted to investigate the mechanism. It is confirmed that it is the anisotropic moduli of the CNT film that regulate the internal stress distributions of the actuators and lead to helical actuations. Moreover, complex actuator designs and functional applications were also carried out. A V-shaped actuator can simultaneously achieve left- and right-handed curling with large angles (630°), which vividly imitates the spiral winding of a tendril. A Y-shaped actuator performed three-dimensional movements, which can manipulate lightweight objects deftly. By virtue of easy preparation and flexible function design, the spirally deformable actuators based on the oriented CNT film will be very promising in artificial muscles and bionic soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Li
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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59
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Li Q, Liu C. Fast-response, agile and functional soft actuators based on highly-oriented carbon nanotube thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 31:085501. [PMID: 31627200 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab4f2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Highly-oriented carbon nanotube (CNT) film, which is made from super-aligned CNT array, is an even, tough and soft material. This CNT film has strong anisotropy in electrical and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity and Young's modulus of the CNT film (2.8 × 104S m-1, 3000 MPa) along the CNT aligned direction are one magnitude larger than those (2.3 × 103S m-1, 200 MPa) along the vertical direction. In virtue of easy preparation and good processability, it is competent as high-performance flexible electrodes for soft actuators, advanced film capacitors and batteries. Here, we use this highly-oriented CNT film as a heating electrode to make fast-response soft actuators. The actuator has a thin bilayer composite structure and is driven by current heating. It takes a typical miniaturized actuator only 0.9 s to perform fast and large-angle deformations (270° bending, curvature 4.8 cm-1), and its bending speed can reach 300° s-1by low power driving (2.4 W). Based on this CNT film, graphical designs and fine processing were carried out to make patterned electrodes and functional actuators, such as cross-shaped and hand-shaped ones. Notably, a well-designed gripper-like actuator can even deftly grab and manipulate some tiny things, e.g. a grain of rice. Moreover, the anisotropic properties of the CNT film also effectively influence and regulate the deformation forms of the actuators. In virtue of good and unique performances in electrical, mechanical and thermal aspects, the high-oriented CNT film would have promising application prospects in various emerging soft devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Li
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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He X, Zhang D, Wu J, Wang Y, Chen F, Fan P, Zhong M, Xiao S, Yang J. One-Pot and One-Step Fabrication of Salt-Responsive Bilayer Hydrogels with 2D and 3D Shape Transformations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25417-25426. [PMID: 31140780 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bilayer hydrogels are one of the most promising materials for use as soft actuators, artificial muscles, and soft robotic elements. Therefore, the development of new and simple methods for the fabrication of such hydrogels is of particular importance for both academic research and industrial applications. Herein, a facile, one-pot, and one-step methodology was used to prepare bilayer hydrogels. Specifically, several common monomers, including N-isopropyl acrylamide, acrylamide, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide, as well as two salt-responsive zwitterionic monomers, 3-(1-(4-vinylbenzyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)propane-1-sulfonate (VBIPS) and dimethyl-(4-vinylphenyl)ammonium propane sulfonate (DVBAPS), were chosen and employed with different combinations and ratios to understand the formation and structural tunability of the bilayer hydrogels. The results indicated that a salt-responsive zwitterionic-enriched copolymer, which could precipitate from water, plays a dominant role in the formation of the bilayer structure and that the ratio between the common monomer and the zwitterionic monomer had a significant effect on the structure. Due to the salt-responsive properties of polyVBIPS and polyDVBAPS, the resultant bilayer hydrogels exhibited excellent bidirectional bending properties in response to the salt solution. With the optimal monomer pair and ratio determined, the bend of the hydrogel could be reversed from ∼-360 to ∼266° in response to a switch between water and a 1.0 M NaCl solution. Additionally, this method was further used to fabricate small-scaled patterns with structural and compositional distinction in two-dimensional hydrogel sheets. These two-dimensional hydrogel sheets exhibited complex and reversible three-dimensional shape transformations due to the different bending behaviors of the patterned hydrogel stripes under the action of an external stimulus. This work provides greater insight into the mechanism of the one-step, one-pot method fabrication of bilayer hydrogels, demonstrates the ability of this method for the preparation of small-scale patterns in hydrogel sheets to endow the complex with a three-dimensional shape transformation capability, and hopefully opens up a new pathway for the design and fabrication of smart hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin He
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Jiahui Wu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Ping Fan
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Mingqiang Zhong
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Shengwei Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering , Taizhou University , Jiaojiang 318000 , China
| | - Jintao Yang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
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Cai G, Ciou JH, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Lee PS. Leaf-inspired multiresponsive MXene-based actuator for programmable smart devices. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw7956. [PMID: 31309158 PMCID: PMC6625817 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural leaves, with elaborate architectures and functional components, harvest and convert solar energy into chemical fuels that can be converted into energy based on photosynthesis. The energy produced leads to work done that inspired many autonomous systems such as light-triggered motion. On the basis of this nature-inspired phenomenon, we report an unprecedented bilayer-structured actuator based on MXene (Ti3C2T x )-cellulose composites (MXCC) and polycarbonate membrane, which mimic not only the sophisticated leaf structure but also the energy-harvesting and conversion capabilities. The bilayer actuator features multiresponsiveness, low-power actuation, fast actuation speed, large-shape deformation, programmable adaptability, robust stability, and low-cost facile fabrication, which are highly desirable for modern soft actuator systems. We believe that these adaptive soft systems are attractive in a wide range of revolutionary technologies such as soft robots, smart switch, information encryption, infrared dynamic display, camouflage, and temperature regulation, as well as human-machine interface such as haptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofa Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing-Hao Ciou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yizhi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
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Wang W, Xiang C, Sun D, Li M, Yan K, Wang D. Photothermal and Moisture Actuator Made with Graphene Oxide and Sodium Alginate for Remotely Controllable and Programmable Intelligent Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21926-21934. [PMID: 31136143 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Functional materials with energy storage and conversion properties have been useful for actuating devices. Here, a new kind of torsional fiber-based actuator including graphene oxide (GO) and natural sodium alginate was prepared by traditional wet spinning and twisting methods, during which the fiber structure was reconstructed, and the mechanical energy was prestored. When the twisted GO/SA (graphene oxide/sodium alginate) fiber was stimulated by infrared light or moisture, the torsional structure of the fiber was activated instantaneously to generate rapid and reversible rotational motion, thus realizing the automatic release and re-storage process of rotational kinetic energy. In addition, the full revolutions of the twisted GO/SA fiber have no attenuation after 100 reversible rotations when stimulated by moisture, which proves the excellent rotational stability. Due to its excellent flexibility and wettability, the twisted GO/SA fiber can be woven into a network or prepared into a series of programmable intelligent devices, which is of great significance for future flexible intelligent electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Chenxue Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Dengming Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Mufang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | - Kelu Yan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan 430200 , China
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63
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Wang L, Wang D, Huang S, Guo X, Wan G, Fan J, Chen Z. Controllable Shape Changing and Tristability of Bilayer Composite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:16881-16887. [PMID: 30983314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The programmable shape transition of a two-dimensional sheet to a three-dimensional (3D) structure in response to a variety of external stimuli has recently attracted increasing attention. Among the various shape changing materials, shape memory polymers (SMPs) can fix their temporary shape and/or their length and recover under proper thermal treatment. In this work, we create a bilayer composite by bonding one layer of elastomer with one layer of stretched SMPs, which can undergo a series of shape transitions via the storage and release of internal stresses. The programed shapes are achieved by adjusting the orientation and elongation of the SMPs. Meanwhile, the 3D structures exhibit tristability and can transit between hemihelical, left-handed helical, and right-handed helical shapes. Both theoretical analysis and finite element simulations were conducted to understand the mechanism of shape transformation and used to predict the deformed configuration by adjusting preprogramming parameters. Our work provides a new strategy and design space for fabricating smart reconfigurable structures and paves way for the design and development of bioinspired four-dimensional active matter for a broad range of applications in intelligent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
- Thayer School of Engineering , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Shicheng Huang
- Thayer School of Engineering , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Xing Guo
- Thayer School of Engineering , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 610031 , China
| | - Guangchao Wan
- Thayer School of Engineering , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , City College of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
| | - Zi Chen
- Thayer School of Engineering , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
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