51
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Isobe H, Yamaguchi K, Okumura M, Shimada J. Role of Perferryl–Oxo Oxidant in Alkane Hydroxylation Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450: A Hybrid Density Functional Study. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:4713-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp211184y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka,
Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka,
Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Okumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka,
Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Jiro Shimada
- Green
Innovation Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, 34, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
305-8501, Japan
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52
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Carver CT, Matson BD, Mayer JM. Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction by Iron Tetra-arylporphyrins Bearing Pendant Proton Relays. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5444-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja211987f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin T. Carver
- Department of Chemistry, Campus Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700,
United States
| | - Benjamin D. Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Campus Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700,
United States
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Campus Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700,
United States
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53
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Chen X, Su Z, Horner JH, Newcomb M. Oxidation of 10-undecenoic acid by cytochrome P450(BM-3) and its Compound I transient. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7427-33. [PMID: 21901220 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06035j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidations of 10-undecenoic acid by cytochrome P450(BM-3) and its Compound I transient were studied. The only product formed in Compound I oxidations was 10,11-epoxyundecanoic acid, whereas the enzyme under turnover conditions gave the epoxide and 9-hydroxy-10-undecenoic acid in a 10 : 90 ratio. Kinetic studies at 0 °C of oxidations by Compounds I formed by MCPBA oxidation and by a photo-oxidation pathway gave the same results, displaying saturation kinetics that yielded equilibrium binding constants and first-order oxidation rate constants that were experimentally indistinguishable. Oxidation of 10-undecenoic acid by Compound I from CYP119 generated by MCBPA oxidation also gave 10,11-epoxyundecanoic acid as the only product. CYP119 Compound I bound the substrate less strongly but reacted with a faster oxidation rate constant than P450(BM-3) Compound I. The kinetic parameters for oxidation of the substrate by P450(BM-3) under turnover conditions were similar to those of the Compound I transient even though the products differed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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54
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Isobe H, Yamanaka S, Okumura M, Yamaguchi K, Shimada J. Unique Structural and Electronic Features of Perferryl–Oxo Oxidant in Cytochrome P450. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:10730-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp206004y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Syusuke Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Okumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Jiro Shimada
- Green Innovation Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, 34, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8501, Japan
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55
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Radoń M, Broclawik E, Pierloot K. DFT and Ab Initio Study of Iron-Oxo Porphyrins: May They Have a Low-Lying Iron(V)-Oxo Electromer? J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:898-908. [DOI: 10.1021/ct1006168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Radoń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Broclawik
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kristine Pierloot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
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56
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Jung C, Vries SD, Schünemann V. Spectroscopic characterization of cytochrome P450 Compound I. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 507:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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57
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Abstract
The functionalization of C-H bonds has yet to achieve widespread use in synthetic chemistry in part because of the lack of synthetic reagents that function in the presence of other functional groups. These problems have been overcome in enzymes, which have metal-oxo active sites that efficiently and selectively cleave C-H bonds. How high-energy metal-oxo transient species can perform such difficult transformations with high fidelity is discussed in this tutorial review. Highlighted are the relationships between redox potentials and metal-oxo basicity on C-H bond activation, as seen in a series of bioinspired manganese-oxo complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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58
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Cooper HLR, Groves JT. Molecular probes of the mechanism of cytochrome P450. Oxygen traps a substrate radical intermediate. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 507:111-8. [PMID: 21075070 PMCID: PMC3041850 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic substrate tetramethylcyclopropane (TMCP) has been reexamined as a substrate with three drug- and xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes, human CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and rat CYP2B1. The major hydroxylation product in all cases was the unrearranged primary alcohol along with smaller amounts of a rearranged tertiary alcohol. Significantly, another ring-opened product, diacetone alcohol, was also observed. With CYP2E1 this product accounted for 20% of the total turnover. Diacetone alcohol also was detected as a product from TMCP with a biomimetic model catalyst, FeTMPyP, but not with a ruthenium porphyrin catalyst. Lifetimes of the intermediate radicals were determined from the ratios of rearranged and unrearranged products to be 120, 13 and 1ps for CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and CYP2B1, respectively, corresponding to rebound rates of 0.9×10(10)s(-1), 7.2×10(10)s(-1) and 1.0×10(12)s(-1). For the model iron porphyrin, FeTMPyP, a radical lifetime of 81ps and a rebound rate of 1.2×10(10)s(-1) were determined. These apparent radical lifetimes are consistent with earlier reports with a variety of CYP enzymes and radical clock substrates, however, the large amounts of diacetone alcohol with CYP2E1 and the iron porphyrin suggest that for these systems a considerable amount of the intermediate carbon radical is trapped by molecular oxygen. These results add to the view that cage escape of the intermediate carbon radical in [Fe(IV)-OH ()R] can compete with cage collapse to form a C-O bond. The results could be significant with regard to our understanding of iron-catalyzed C-H hydroxylation, the observation of P450-dependent peroxidation and the development of oxidative stress, especially for CYP2E1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John T. Groves
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544 USA
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59
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Rittle J, Green MT. Cytochrome P450 compound I: capture, characterization, and C-H bond activation kinetics. Science 2010; 330:933-7. [PMID: 21071661 DOI: 10.1126/science.1193478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 991] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are responsible for the phase I metabolism of approximately 75% of known pharmaceuticals. P450s perform this and other important biological functions through the controlled activation of C-H bonds. Here, we report the spectroscopic and kinetic characterization of the long-sought principal intermediate involved in this process, P450 compound I (P450-I), which we prepared in approximately 75% yield by reacting ferric CYP119 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The Mössbauer spectrum of CYP119-I is similar to that of chloroperoxidase compound I, although its electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum reflects an increase in |J|/D, the ratio of the exchange coupling to the zero-field splitting. CYP119-I hydroxylates the unactivated C-H bonds of lauric acid [D(C-H) ~ 100 kilocalories per mole], with an apparent second-order rate constant of k(app) = 1.1 × 10(7) per molar per second at 4°C. Direct measurements put a lower limit of k ≥ 210 per second on the rate constant for bound substrate oxidation, whereas analyses involving kinetic isotope effects predict a value in excess of 1400 per second.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rittle
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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60
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Roberts MW. Heterogeneously Catalysed Oxidation Reactions with P450-like Characteristics; Radical Reactions and the ‘Elusive’ Oxygen State. Catal Letters 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-010-0474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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61
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Jin N, Lahaye DE, Groves JT. A “Push−Pull” Mechanism for Heterolytic O−O Bond Cleavage in Hydroperoxo Manganese Porphyrins. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:11516-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1015274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Dorothée E. Lahaye
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - John T. Groves
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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62
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Abstract
High-valent iron-oxo species are thought to be intermediates in the catalytic cycles of oxygenases and peroxidases. An attractive route to these iron-oxo intermediates involves laser flash-quench oxidation of ferric hemes, as demonstrated by our work on the ferryl (compound II) and ferryl porphyrin radical cation (compound I) intermediates of horseradish peroxidase. Extension of this work to include cytochrome P450-BM3 (CYP102A1) has required covalent attachment of a Ru(II) photosensitizer to a nonnative cysteine near the heme (RuIIK97C-FeIIIP450), in order to promote electron transfer from the Fe(III) porphyrin to photogenerated Ru(III). The conjugate was structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography (2.4 Å resolution; Ru-Fe distance, 24 Å). Flash-quench oxidation of the ferric-aquo heme produces an Fe(IV)-hydroxide species (compound II) within 2 ms. Difference spectra for three singly oxidized P450-BM3 intermediates were obtained from kinetics modeling of the transient absorption data in combination with generalized singular value decomposition analysis and multiexponential fitting.
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