51
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Synthesis of new series of 3-hydroxy/acetoxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-ones and their biological importance. J CHEM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-013-0420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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52
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Abdel-Megid M, Ibrahim MA, Gabr Y, El-Gohary NM, Mohamed EA. Synthesis of Some New Nitrogen Bridge-head Triazolopyridines, Pyridotriazines, and Pyridotriazepines Incorporating 6-Methylchromone Moiety. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Abdel-Megid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education; Ain Shams University; Roxy; 11711; Cairo; Egypt
| | - M. A. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education; Ain Shams University; Roxy; 11711; Cairo; Egypt
| | - Y. Gabr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education; Ain Shams University; Roxy; 11711; Cairo; Egypt
| | - N. M. El-Gohary
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education; Ain Shams University; Roxy; 11711; Cairo; Egypt
| | - E. A. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education; Ain Shams University; Roxy; 11711; Cairo; Egypt
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53
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Lanostane-type triterpenoid and steroid from the stem bark of Klainedoxa gabonensis. Fitoterapia 2013; 86:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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54
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Yuvaraj P, Reddy BS. Synthesis of 3-spiropyrrolidine-3-spirooxindoles from Baylis–Hillman adducts of chromone with azomethine ylides via [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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55
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Zou H, Xu KP, Zou ZX, Long HP, Wang H, Li FS, Li J, Kuang JW, Li G, Tan GS. A new flavonoid with 6-phenyl substituent from Selaginella uncinata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:84-88. [PMID: 23323647 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.745515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new flavonoid, 6-(5-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl)-apigenin (1), together with nine known compounds (2-10), was isolated from Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring. This is the first report of the spectroscopic data of compound 3. Compound 2 was first reported from this species. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, including 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-EI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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56
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Chemotaxonomic significance and biosynthesis of selaginellin from Selaginella tamariscina. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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57
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Yeh PH, Shieh YD, Hsu LC, Kuo LMY, Lin JH, Liaw CC, Kuo YH. Naturally Occurring Cytotoxic [3'→8″]-Biflavonoids from Podocarpus nakaii. J Tradit Complement Med 2012; 2:220-6. [PMID: 24716136 PMCID: PMC3942899 DOI: 10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract of the dried twigs of Podocarpus nakaii Hayata (Podocarpaceae), endemic plant in Taiwan has resulted in isolation of four [3′→8″]-biflavonoid derivatives, amenotoflavone (AF), podocarpusflavone-A (PF), II-4″,I-7-dimethoxyamentoflavone (DAF), and heveaflavone (HF). Their structures were determined by physical and extensive spectroscopic analyses such as 1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC, as well as comparison with literature values. Compounds PF and DAF showed significant inhibitions against DLD, KB, MCF-7, HEp-2 tumor cell lines (ED50ca. 4.56-16.24 μg/mL) and induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 via mainly sub-G1/S phase arrest. Furthermore, these compounds exhibited moderate Topoisomerase I inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pen-Ho Yeh
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Dar Shieh
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan ; National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan ; Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ming Yang Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan ; School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Hu Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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58
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Salem MS, Marzouk MI, Ali SN, Madkour HMF. Synthesis, structure characterization and biological evaluation of new 6,8-dichloro-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.3.2.220-227.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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59
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Kumar S, Koh J. Physiochemical, optical and biological activity of chitosan-chromone derivative for biomedical applications. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6102-6116. [PMID: 22754352 PMCID: PMC3382751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the physiochemical, optical and biological activity of chitosan-chromone derivative. The chitosan-chromone derivative gels were prepared by reacting chitosan with chromone-3-carbaldehyde, followed by solvent exchange, filtration and drying by evaporation. The identity of Schiff base was confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The chitosan-chromone derivative was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and circular dichroism (CD). The CD spectrum showed the chitosan-chromone derivative had a secondary helical structure. Microbiological screening results demonstrated the chitosan-chromone derivative had antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria. The chitosan-chromone derivative did not have any adverse effect on the cellular proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) and did not lead to cellular toxicity in MEFs. These results suggest that the chitosan-chromone derivative gels may open a new perspective in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Textile Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Joonseok Koh
- Department of Textile Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mail:
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60
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Hwang IS, Lee J, Jin HG, Woo ER, Lee DG. Amentoflavone Stimulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Candida albicans. Mycopathologia 2011; 173:207-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-011-9503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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61
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Amentoflavone inhibits UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression through the modulation of AP-1 components in normal human fibroblasts. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:1137-47. [PMID: 22205321 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Amentoflavone is a well-known biflavonoid that has diverse biological effects. Previously, we reported that amentoflavone suppressed UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in normal human fibroblasts (NHF). We investigated the effects of amentoflavone on UVB-induced MMP-1 expression in order to elucidate its mode of action. NHF were treated with amentoflavone for indicated times and doses with UVB irradiation. The expressions of MMP-1 gene and protein were determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. MAP kinase phosphorylation and the expression of c-Fos protein were determined by Western blot. The treatment of amentoflavone completely blocked the upregulation of MMP-1 which is induced by UVB irradiation in HaCaT-NHF co-culture in a dose-dependent manner as well as in NHF monoculture. Also, amentoflavone inhibited UVB-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) without changing total ERK protein level, and did not affect p38 or JNK activation. Finally, AP-1 transcription factor components, phospho-c-Jun and c-Fos protein expressions were decreased by amentoflavone treatment. The major finding of this study shows that amentoflavone inhibits intracellular cell signaling ERK pathway leading to the prevention of MMP-1 expression in human skin fibroblasts. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that amentoflavone should be investigated as a potential agent for the prevention and the treatment of skin photoaging.
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62
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Protective effects of amentoflavone on Lamin A-dependent UVB-induced nuclear aberration in normal human fibroblasts. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6482-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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63
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Xu KP, Zou H, Liu GR, Long HP, Li J, Li FS, Zou ZX, Kuang JW, Xie X, Tan GS. Selaginellin M, a new selaginellin derivative from Selaginella pulvinata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:1051-1055. [PMID: 21985670 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.617304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new selaginellin derivative, selaginellin M (1), together with one known compound, selaginellin E (2), was isolated from Selaginella pulvinata. The structure of the new compound was elucidated and named as (R,S)-4-((4'-hydroxy-4-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl))-3-((4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl)biphenyl-2-yl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone on the basis of the spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Ping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
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64
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65
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Haveliwala DD, Kamdar NR, Mistry PT, Patel SK. Synthesis of novel thiopyrimidines: an investigation of anti-tubercular and antimicrobial activity. J Sulphur Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2010.523894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval D. Haveliwala
- a Department of Chemistry , Veer Narmad South Gujarat University , Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Nimesh R. Kamdar
- a Department of Chemistry , Veer Narmad South Gujarat University , Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Prashant T. Mistry
- a Department of Chemistry , Veer Narmad South Gujarat University , Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Saurabh K. Patel
- a Department of Chemistry , Veer Narmad South Gujarat University , Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
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66
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Sagrera G, Bertucci A, Vazquez A, Seoane G. Synthesis and antifungal activities of natural and synthetic biflavonoids. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3060-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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67
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Xu KP, Zou H, Li FS, Xiang HL, Zou ZX, Long HP, Li J, Luo YJ, Li YJ, Tan GS. Two new selaginellin derivatives from Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:356-60. [PMID: 21462040 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.558840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Two new selaginellin derivatives, selaginellins K (1) and L (2), were isolated from Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring and characterized as 2-formyl-4,4'-dihydroxy-3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]biphene and 4,4'-dihydroxy-2-methyl-3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl]biphene on the basis of their spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Ping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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68
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Wang L, Peng S, Wang J. Palladium-catalyzed cascade reactions of coumarins with alkynes: synthesis of highly substituted cyclopentadiene fused chromones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:5422-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed cascade reaction of coumarins with alkynes is described, which provides a new route to the synthesis of highly substituted cyclopentadiene fused chromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Shiyong Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
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69
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Zhang Y, Shi S, Wang Y, Huang K. Target-guided isolation and purification of antioxidants from Selaginella sinensis by offline coupling of DPPH-HPLC and HSCCC experiments. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:191-6. [PMID: 21183411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Selaginella sinensis (Selaginellaceae) is used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of many kinds of chronic diseases. In this study, fractionation of the methanol extract of S. sinensis by different polarity solvents indicated the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited an potent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with the IC(50) value of 44.9 μM. In order to evaluate the scientific basis, antioxidant peaks were firstly screened using DPPH spiking test through high performance liquid chromatography (DPPH-HPLC). Under the target-guidance of DPPH-HPLC experiment, two flavonoids and six biflavonoids, quercetin (1), apigenin (2), amentoflavone (3), robustaflavone (4), 2,3-dihydroamentaflavone (5), hinokiflavone (6), 4'-O-methyl-robustaflavone (7) and ginkgetin (8) were separated by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) method using n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (8:8:9:7) as the solvent system with purities 98.2%, 97.6%, 99.4%, 92.3%, 98.5%, 98.9% and 99.6%, respectively. The structures were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Antioxidant activity of eight isolated compounds was assessed by the radical scavenging effect on DPPH radical, compound 1 showed strongest antioxidant activities with IC(50) values of 3.2 μM, while compounds 2-8 showed weak antioxidant activities. This is the first report on simultaneous separation of eight antioxidant compounds from S. sinensis by HSCCC, moreover, apigenin and 4'-O-methyl-robustaflavone were first identified from this plant. Results of the present study indicated that the combinative method using DPPH-HPLC and HSCCC could be widely applied for rapid screening and isolating of antioxidants from complex TCM extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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70
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Wu MH, Lee YC, Tsai WJ, Yang WB, Chen YC, Chuang KA, Liao JF, Wang CC, Kuo YC. Characterized polysaccharides from black soybean induce granulocyte colony-stimulated factor gene expression in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent manner. Immunol Invest 2010; 40:39-61. [PMID: 20809699 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2010.513021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Black soybean (Glycine max L. merr.) is an edible Chinese medicine for nourishment spleen. In the present study, effects of characterized polysaccharides from black soybean (PGM) on granulocyte colony-stimulated factor (G-CSF) production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined and their action mechanisms were examined. The results indicated that PGM concentration-dependently enhanced G-CSF production in PBMC through modulation of mRNA expression. Data from Western blotting showed that PGM significantly induced the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation in PBMC. The nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in PBMC was increased with PGM by modulation of IκB degradation and PKC θ activation. The levels of G-CSF mRNA in PGM-treated PBMC could be reduced by ERK inhibitor U0126 and NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, respectively. Furthermore, the data showed that PGM stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-regulated Akt phosphorylation. The PI3K inhibitor, Ly294002, blocked ERK, NF-κB, and PKC θ activation and G-CSF mRNA expression in PBMC induced by PGM. Thus, we first proved that the enhancement mechanisms of PGM on G-CSF production, appeared to be mediated, at least in part, through activation of PI3K, ERK, PKC θ, and NF-κB signaling pathways in PBMC. We suggest that PGM from black soybean is a potential G-CSF stimulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsi Wu
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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71
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Ibrahim MAM. Synthesis and characterization of new chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines via the Friedländer reactions of 8-allyl-2-amino-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.1.2.124-128.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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72
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Ali TE. Synthesis of Some New 1,3,2-Oxazaphosphinine, 1,3,2-Diazaphosphinine, Acyclic, and/or Cyclic α-Aminophosphonate Derivatives Containing the Chromone Moiety. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500802713309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik E. Ali
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education , Ain Shams University , Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
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73
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Tan GS, Xu KP, Li FS, Wang CJ, Li TY, Hu CP, Shen J, Zhou YJ, Li YJ. Selaginellin C, a new natural pigment from Selaginella pulvinata Maxim (Hook et Grev.). JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2009; 11:1001-1004. [PMID: 20183268 DOI: 10.1080/10286020903207043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel compound, selaginellin C (1), was isolated from Selaginella pulvinata Maxim (Hook et Grev.) as (R,S)-4-((1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-2',4'-dihydroxy-3-((4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl)biphenyl-2-yl)((4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone, along with two known compounds, selaginellin (2) and selaginellin A (3). The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Shan Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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74
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Cao Y, Tan NH, Chen JJ, Zeng GZ, Ma YB, Wu YP, Yan H, Yang J, Lu LF, Wang Q. Bioactive flavones and biflavones from Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. Fitoterapia 2009; 81:253-8. [PMID: 19775597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/06/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Three new flavones named 5-carboxymethyl-4',7-dihydroxyflavone (1), its ethyl ester (2) and butyl ester (3) were isolated from the herb Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron., together with ten known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical analysis. Selected compounds were evaluated for their anti-HBV and cytotoxic activity. Among them, compounds 2 and 3 displayed inhibitory activity in vitro on hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion of the Hep G2.2.15 cell line with IC(50) values of 0.17 mg/ml and 0.46 mg/ml, and on HBV e antigen (HBeAg) secretion with IC(50) values of 0.42 mg/ml and 0.42 mg/ml, respectively. Compounds 7, 8, 10 and 12 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against the three human cancer cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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75
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Ali TES, Ibrahim MA, Abdel-Kariem SM. Synthesis of Biologically Active 4-Oxo-4H-Chromene Derivatives Containing Sulfur-Nitrogen Heterocycles. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500802473094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik El-Sayed Ali
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education , Ain Shams University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy A. Ibrahim
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education , Ain Shams University , Cairo, Egypt
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76
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Tan WJ, Xu JC, Li L, Chen KL. Bioactive compounds of inhibiting xanthine oxidase from Selaginella labordei. Nat Prod Res 2009; 23:393-8. [PMID: 19296380 DOI: 10.1080/14786410802228736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Four flavone compounds were isolated from the effective fractions inhibiting xanthine oxidase (XOD) of the medicinal plant Selaginella labordei with anti-virus activity, and the structures were elucidated as 4'-methylether robustaflavone (1), robustaflavone (2), eriodictyol (3) and amentoflavone (4). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of the three compounds of inhibiting XOD were 61.0, 0.199, 16.0 and 32.0 mg L(-1), respectively. All of these compounds were isolated from the species for the first time, and eriodictyol was found from Selaginellaceae for the first time. Among these compounds, robustaflavone has been reported as an effective compound against the hepatitis B virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Tan
- Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China
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77
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Liu JF, Xu KP, Jiang DJ, Li FS, Shen J, Zhou YJ, Xu PS, Tan B, Tan GS. A new flavonoid from Selaginella tamariscina. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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78
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Lee NY, Min HY, Lee J, Nam JW, Lee YJ, Han AR, Wiryawan A, Suprapto W, Lee SK, Seo EK. Identification of a new cytotoxic biflavanone from Selaginella doederleinii. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1360-1. [PMID: 18758121 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new biflavanone, 2,2'',3,3''-tetrahydrorobustaflavone 7,4',7''-trimethyl ether (1) was isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella doederleinii HIERON. (Selaginellaceae) together with the known biflavonoid, robustaflavone 7,4',7''-trimethyl ether (2) as the cytotoxic constituents against the three human cancer cell lines, HCT, NCI-H358, and K562. The structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated by spectral analysis including various 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Youn Lee
- College of Pharmacy and The Center for Cell Signaling & Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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79
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Zheng JX, Wang NL, Liu HW, Chen HF, Li MM, Wu LY, Fan M, Yao XS. Four new biflavonoids from Selaginella uncinata and their anti-anoxic effect. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2008; 10:945-952. [PMID: 19003613 DOI: 10.1080/10286020802181166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The 60% ethanolic extract of Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring possessed potent anti-anoxic effect in the anoxic PC12 cell assay. A phytochemical study of its EtOAc-soluble part led to the isolation of four new and three known biflavonoids. Their structures were established on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined with the aid of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Compounds 4 and 5 showed potent anti-anoxic effect in the anoxic PC12 cell assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xia Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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80
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Aguilar MI, Romero MG, Chávez MI, King-Díaz B, Lotina-Hennsen B. Biflavonoids isolated from Selaginella lepidophylla inhibit photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6994-7000. [PMID: 18646760 DOI: 10.1021/jf8010432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Through bioactivity-guided chemical analysis of Selaginella lepidophylla, biflavonoids robustaflavone (1), 2,3-dihydrorobustaflavone (2), and 2,3-dihydrorobustaflavone-5-methyl ether (3) were isolated and their structures confirmed by spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Their NMR resonances were unambiguously assigned from HMBC, NOESY, and NOESY-1D experiments, and absolute configurations of 2 and 3 were established. Compound 3 has not been reported, and although structure of 2 was described before, the (13)C NMR assignment does not correlate with the structure reported. Therefore, this is the first report of 2. All compounds inhibited ATP production. Compounds 1 and 2 behaved as Hill reaction inhibitors. 1 interacted with photosystem II, transforming the reaction centers to silent centers at 300 and 600 microM. The interaction and inhibition target of 2 was located on Cyt b6f to PC. The three compounds also behaved as energy transfer inhibitors, 3 being the most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Aguilar
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, CP 04510, Mexico.
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81
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Araya-Maturana R, Heredia-Moya J, Donoso-Tauda O, Vera M, Hernández JT, Pavani M, Pessoa-Mahana H, Weiss-López B, Ferreira J. Effects of Simple and Angular Chromones on Tumor Cell Respiration. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of structurally related compounds incorporating a chromone moiety as an essential component of their structures were tested against the TA3 mouse carcinoma cell line and its multidrug-resistant variant TA3-MTX-R. A tentative structure–activity relationship was found for this family of substances, suggesting that a Michael addition at C-1 is involved in the mechanism that provokes the activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Jorge Heredia-Moya
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Oscar Donoso-Tauda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University Andrés Bello, Santiago 275, Chile
| | - Mario Vera
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Jorge Toledo Hernández
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Mario Pavani
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 70086, Santiago 7, Chile
| | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Boris Weiss-López
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, P.O. Box, 70086, Santiago 7, Chile
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82
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Rahman M, Riaz M, Desai UR. Synthesis of biologically relevant biflavanoids--a review. Chem Biodivers 2008; 4:2495-527. [PMID: 18027351 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations show that naturally occurring biflavanoids possess anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, vasorelaxant, and anticlotting activities. These activities have been discovered from the small number of biflavanoid structures that have been investigated, although the natural biflavanoid library is likely to be large. Structurally, biflavanoids are polyphenolic molecules comprised of two identical or non-identical flavanoid units conjoined in a symmetrical or unsymmetrical manner through an alkyl or an alkoxy-based linker of varying length. These possibilities introduce significant structural variation in biflavanoids, which is further amplified by the positions of functional groups--hydroxy, methoxy, keto, or double bond--and stereogenic centers on the flavanoid scaffold. In combination, the class of biflavanoids represents a library of structurally diverse molecules, which remains to be fully exploited. Since the time of their discovery, several chemical approaches utilizing coupling and rearrangement strategies have been developed to synthesize biflavanoids. This review compiles these synthetic approaches into nine different methods including Ullmann coupling of halogenated flavones, biphenyl-based construction of biflavanoids, metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of flavones, Wessely-Moser rearrangements, oxidative coupling of flavones, Ullmann condensation with nucleophiles, nucleophilic substitutions for alkoxy biflavanoids, and dehydrogenation-based or hydrogenation-based synthesis. Newer, more robust synthetic approaches are necessary to realize the full potential of the structurally diverse class of biflavanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rahman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Suite 542, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
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83
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Cheng XL, Ma SC, Yu JD, Yang SY, Xiao XY, Hu JY, Lu Y, Shaw PC, But PPH, Lin RC. Selaginellin A and B, Two Novel Natural Pigments Isolated from Selaginella tamariscina. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:982-4. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Long Cheng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
| | - Jian-Dong Yu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
| | - Shi-Ying Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xin-Yue Xiao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
| | - Jun-Ying Hu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Paul Pui-Hay But
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Products, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical & Biological Products
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84
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Jung HJ, Park K, Lee IS, Kim HS, Yeo SH, Woo ER, Lee DG. S-phase accumulation of Candida albicans by anticandidal effect of amentoflavone isolated from Selaginella tamariscina. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1969-71. [PMID: 17917274 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amentoflavone, which is a biflavone derived from various plants, has been known to possess various biological activities including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. In the previous study, we reported antifungal effect of amentoflavone isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of Selaginella tamariscina on human pathogenic fungi. Amentoflavone significantly inhibited the growth of fungal cells without hemolysis of human erythrocytes. In the present study, we investigated antifungal acting mode of amentoflavone in human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Anticandidal activity was exerted in an energy-independent manner presented by an antifungal assay in the presence of NaN(3), which is ATP-depleting agent as a metabolic inhibitor. To investigate the effects of amentoflavone on cellular physiology in C. albicans, we performed cell cycle analysis, and the analysis showed that amentoflavone significantly arrested cell cycles during the S-phase. These results demonstrated that amentoflavone has potent anticandidal activity with significant physiological changes inducing S-phase arrest in intracellular environment. Therefore, amentoflavone may be applied to a lead compound for the development of therapeutic agents, which can treat candidiasis resulted from candidal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Jung
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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85
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Lee CW, Choi HJ, Kim HS, Kim DH, Chang IS, Moon HT, Lee SY, Oh WK, Woo ER. Biflavonoids isolated from Selaginella tamariscina regulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase in human skin fibroblasts. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 16:732-8. [PMID: 18029185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Revised: 10/06/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The methanol extract from Selaginella tamariscina significantly inhibited UV irradiation induced activity of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in primary fibroblasts from human skin. Using the technique of bioassay-directed chromatographic separation, five biflavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of S. tamariscina. Here, we investigated the effect of these five biflavonoids on the regulation of MMP-1 and -2 in UV irradiated cultured dermal fibroblasts from human neonatal foreskins. Among these biflavonoids, sumaflavone and amentoflavone showed significant MMP-1 inhibitory activity in primary human dermal fibroblasts after UV irradiation. The IC(50) values of sumaflavone, amentoflavone and retinoic acid, which was used as a positive control, were 0.78, 1.8, and 10microM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Woo Lee
- R&D Center, Amore-Pacific Corporation, 314-1, Bora-dong, Kiheung-gu, Yongin-si, Kyounggi-do 449-729, South Korea
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86
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Reddy NP, Reddy BA, Gunasekar D, Blond A, Bodo B. A New Biflavonoid from Selaginella rupestris. Nat Prod Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new biflavanone, 7,4″’-di- O-methyltetrahydrohinokiflavone (1) together with two known biflavonoids, tetrahydrohinokiflavone (2) and amentoflavone (3) were isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella rupestris. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, and by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmanapalli P. Reddy
- Natural Products Division, Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | - Bandi A.K. Reddy
- Natural Products Division, Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | - Duvvuru Gunasekar
- Natural Products Division, Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | - Alain Blond
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Substances Naturelles, USM 0502 MNHN-UMR 5154, CNRS, 63 rue Buffon 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Bodo
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Substances Naturelles, USM 0502 MNHN-UMR 5154, CNRS, 63 rue Buffon 75005, Paris, France
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87
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Swamy RC, Kunert O, Schühly W, Bucar F, Ferreira D, Rani VS, Kumar BR, Appa Rao AVN. Structurally unique biflavonoids from Selaginella chrysocaulos and Selaginella bryopteris. Chem Biodivers 2007; 3:405-13. [PMID: 17193277 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200690044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of Selaginella chrysocaulos from Northeast India yielded three new (i.e., 1-3) and two known biflavonoids. From Selaginella bryopteris, collected in the southern part of India, one new (11) and eleven known biflavonoids of the amentoflavone- and hinokiflavone-type were isolated and identified. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, and by mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of chiral biflavonoids with flavanone subunits (from S. bryopteris) were determined with the aid of circular-dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Several very rare or even unprecedented substructures in biflavonoids were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalla Chidananda Swamy
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., India
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88
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Kumar S, Singh BK, Pandey AK, Kumar A, Sharma SK, Raj HG, Prasad AK, Van der Eycken E, Parmar VS, Ghosh B. A chromone analog inhibits TNF-alpha induced expression of cell adhesion molecules on human endothelial cells via blocking NF-kappaB activation. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:2952-62. [PMID: 17321745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2006] [Revised: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 02/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between leukocytes and the vascular endothelial cells (EC) via cellular adhesion molecules plays an important role in various inflammatory and immune diseases. The molecules that block these interactions have been targeted as potential therapeutic targets for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In an effort to develop potent cell adhesion molecule inhibitors, a series of chromone derivatives bearing alkoxycarbonylvinyl unit at the C-3 position, that is, the chromones 8a-d and 9a-d, were designed and synthesized, and evaluated for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activity on human endothelial cells as well as their effect on NADPH-catalyzed rat microsomal lipid peroxidation. A structure-activity relationship was established and we found that length of the alkyl moiety of the chromone-3-yl-acrylate is important for this activity. Further, we found that incorporation of unsaturation in the alcohol moiety increases the potential of the compound for the inhibition of TNF-alpha induced expression of ICAM-1 and also for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Out of the screened compounds, the most potent compound ethyl trans-3-(4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl)-acrylate (8a) was taken for further study. We have found that compound 8a also significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha induced expression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin, which play key roles in various inflammatory diseases. This inhibition was found to be concentration dependent. The functional consequences of inhibiting cell adhesion molecules were studied by performing cell-adhesion assay. We found that compound 8a significantly blocks the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial monolayer. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of inhibition of cell adhesion molecules, we investigated the status of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and were able to establish that compound 8a significantly blocked the TNF-alpha induced activation of NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Kumar
- Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, University of Delhi Campus (North), Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
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89
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Jung HJ, Sung WS, Yeo SH, Kim HS, Lee IS, Woo ER, Lee DG. Antifungal effect of amentoflavone derived fromSelaginella tamariscina. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 29:746-51. [PMID: 17024847 DOI: 10.1007/bf02974074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amentoflavone is a plant bif avonoid that was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the whole plant of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) spring. 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC were used to determine its structure. Amentoflavone exhibited potent antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungal strains but had a very low hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In particular, amentoflavone induced the accumulation of intracellular trehalose on C. albicans as a stress response to the drug, and disrupted the dimorphic transition that forms pseudo-hyphae during pathogenesis. In conclusion, amentoflavone has great potential to be a lead compound for the development of antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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90
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Yang JW, Pokharel YR, Kim MR, Woo ER, Choi HK, Kang KW. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by sumaflavone isolated from Selaginella tamariscina. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 105:107-13. [PMID: 16289413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that amentoflavone isolated from Selaginella tamariscina inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO) in macrophages via nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) inactivation. Here, we isolated two other bi-flavonoid compounds (sumaflavone and robustaflavone) from Selaginella tamariscina and studied their effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. Sumaflavone inhibited NO production in a concentration-dependent manner and blocked the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of iNOS. In contrast, robustaflavone only marginally affected iNOS gene expression and NO production. To identify the transcriptional factors affected by sumaflavone, we investigated NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation. Reporter gene analysis using AP-1-specific luciferase reporter and gel shift analysis showed that enhanced AP-1 activity by LPS was significantly diminished in macrophages pretreated with sumaflavone. However, sumaflavone did not inhibit LPS-inducible NF-kappaB reporter activity. Western blot analyses also confirmed that the extent of I-kappaBalpha phosphorylation and the nuclear level of p65 were unaffected by sumaflavone. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of sumaflavone on AP-1 activation may be associated with the potent NO blocking and anti-inflammatory effects of Selaginella tamariscina extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Won Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
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91
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Weniger B, Vonthron-Sénécheau C, Kaiser M, Brun R, Anton R. Comparative antiplasmodial, leishmanicidal and antitrypanosomal activities of several biflavonoids. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 13:176-80. [PMID: 16428025 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2004] [Accepted: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The antiplasmodial, leishmanicidal and antitrypanosomal activities of eight natural biflavonoids were estimated in vitro on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum, axenically grown Leishmania donovani amastigotes and Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense bloodstream forms. Lanaroflavone showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC(50) = 0.48 microM), isoginkgetin was the most active leishmanicidal compound (IC(50) = 1.9 microM), whereas ginkgetin (IC(50) = 11 microM) and isoginkgetin (IC(50) = 13 microM) showed the best antitrypanosomal activity in our assays. The cytotoxicity and the selectivity indices for the most active compounds were also estimated. Lanaroflavone exhibited a high selectivity index value (SI = 159), indicating selective antiplasmodial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Weniger
- Pharmacognosie et Biomolécules Naturelles Actives, UMR no 7081, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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92
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Banerjee T, Valacchi G, Ziboh VA, van der Vliet A. Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression by amentoflavone through suppression of NF-kappaB activation in A549 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2002; 238:105-10. [PMID: 12349896 DOI: 10.1023/a:1019963222510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Amentoflavone, a biflavonoid with antiinflammatory activity, downregulates COX-2 expression in TNFalpha-activatedA549 cells with concomitant inhibition of NF-kappaB mediated signaling cascades. We demonstrate here that amentoflavone inhibits NF-kappaB/ DNA binding activity potently along with inhibition of degradation of IkappaBalpha and NF-kappaB translocation into nucleus in TNFalpha-activated A549 cells. This flavonoid upregulates PPAR gamma, a transcription factor involved in repressing many cytokine-induced gene expressions. Hence amentoflavone, a dietary constituent, may be of therapeutic value for several lung diseases where COX-2 plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinku Banerjee
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Center for Comparative Lung Cell Biology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
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93
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Singh G, Singh L, Ishar M. 2-(N-Methylanilino)-3-formylchromone—a versatile synthon for incorporation of chromone moiety in a variety of heterocyclic systems and macrocycles through reactions with bifunctional nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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94
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Singh G, Singh R, Girdhar NK, Ishar M. A versatile route to 2-alkyl-/aryl-amino-3-formyl- and hetero-annelated-chromones, through a facile nucleophilic substitution at C2 in 2-(N-methylanilino)-3-formylchromones. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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95
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Cytotoxicity of flavonoids on cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS (PART H) 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(02)80050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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