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High expression of RUNX1 is associated with poorer outcomes in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15828-39. [PMID: 26910834 PMCID: PMC4941280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on its expression level, RUNX1 can act as a tumor promoter or suppressor in hematological malignancies. The clinical impact of RUNX1 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) remained unknown, however. We evaluated the prognostic significance of RUNX1 expression using several public microarray datasets. In the testing group (n = 157), high RUNX1 expression (RUNX1high) was associated with poorer overall survival (OS; P = 0.0025) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0025) than low RUNX1 expression (RUNX1low). In addition, the prognostic significance of RUNX1 was confirmed using European Leukemia Net (ELN) genetic categories and multivariable analysis, which was further validated using a second independent CN-AML cohort (n = 162, OS; P = 0.03953). To better understand the mechanisms of RUNX1, we investigated genome-wide gene/microRNAs expression signatures and cell signaling pathways associated with RUNX1 expression status. Several known oncogenes/oncogenic microRNAs and cell signaling pathways were all up-regulated, while some anti-oncogenes and molecules of immune activation were down-regulated in RUNX1high CN-AML patients. These findings suggest RUNX1high is a prognostic biomarker of unfavorable outcome in CN-AML, which is supported by the distinctive gene/microRNA signatures and cell signaling pathways.
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Kundrotas G, Gasperskaja E, Slapsyte G, Gudleviciene Z, Krasko J, Stumbryte A, Liudkeviciene R. Identity, proliferation capacity, genomic stability and novel senescence markers of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from low volume of human bone marrow. Oncotarget 2017; 7:10788-802. [PMID: 26910916 PMCID: PMC4905439 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) hold promise for treating incurable diseases and repairing of damaged tissues. However, hBM-MSCs face the disadvantages of painful invasive isolation and limited cell numbers. In this study we assessed characteristics of MSCs isolated from residual human bone marrow transplantation material and expanded to clinically relevant numbers at passages 3-4 and 6-7. Results indicated that early passage hBM-MSCs are genomically stable and retain identity and high proliferation capacity. Despite the chromosomal stability, the cells became senescent at late passages, paralleling the slower proliferation, altered morphology and immunophenotype. By qRT-PCR array profiling, we revealed 13 genes and 33 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed in late passage cells, among which 8 genes and 30 miRNAs emerged as potential novel biomarkers of hBM-MSC aging. Functional analysis of genes with altered expression showed strong association with biological processes causing cellular senescence. Altogether, this study revives hBM as convenient source for cellular therapy. Potential novel markers provide new details for better understanding the hBM-MSC senescence mechanisms, contributing to basic science, facilitating the development of cellular therapy quality control, and providing new clues for human disease processes since senescence phenotype of the hematological patient hBM-MSCs only very recently has been revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielis Kundrotas
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Biobank, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Evelina Gasperskaja
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Grazina Slapsyte
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Jan Krasko
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Involvement of aberrantly activated HOTAIR/EZH2/miR-193a feedback loop in progression of prostate cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:159. [PMID: 29141691 PMCID: PMC5688662 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0629-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Though androgen deprivation therapy is the standard treatment for prostate cancer (PCa), most patients would inevitably progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which is the main cause of PCa death. Therefore, the identification of novel molecular mechanism regulating cancer progression and achievement of new insight into target therapy would be necessary for improving the benefits of PCa patients. This study aims to study the function and regulatory mechanism of HOTAIR/EZH2/miR-193a feedback loop in PCa progression. Methods MSKCC and TCGA datasets were used to identify miR-193a expression profile in PCa. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, colony formation, invasion, migration, flow cytometry, a xenograft model and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to detect and analyze the biological function of miR-193a. Then, we assessed the role of HOTAIR and EZH2 in regulation of miR-193a expression by using plasmid, lentivirus and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to detect the transcriptional activation of miR-193a by EZH2 and HOTAIR. Further, qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to examine the regulatory role of miR-193a controlling the HOTAIR expression in PCa. Finally, the correlation between HOTAIR, EZH2 and miR-193a expression were analyzed using In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Results We found that miR-193a was significantly downregulated in metastatic PCa through mining MSKCC and TCGA datasets. In vitro studies revealed that miR-193a inhibited PCa cell growth, suppressed migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis; in vivo results demonstrated that overexpression of miR-193a mediated by lentivirus dramatically reduced PCa xenograft tumor growth. Importantly, we found EZH2 coupled with HOTAIR to repress miR-193a expression through trimethylation of H3K27 at miR-193a promoter in PC3 and DU145 cells. Interestingly, further evidence illustrated that miR-193a directly targets HOTAIR showing as significantly reduced HOTAIR level in miR-193a overexpressed cells and tissues. The expression level of miR-193a was inversely associated with that of HOTAIR and EZH2 in PCa. Conclusion This study firstly demonstrated that miR-193a acted as tumor suppressor in CRPC and the autoregulatory feedback loop of HOTAIR/EZH2/miR-193a served an important mechanism in PCa development. Targeting this aberrantly activated feedback loop may provide a potential therapeutic strategy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s13046-017-0629-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Takahashi H, Takahashi M, Ohnuma S, Unno M, Yoshino Y, Ouchi K, Takahashi S, Yamada Y, Shimodaira H, Ishioka C. microRNA-193a-3p is specifically down-regulated and acts as a tumor suppressor in BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:723. [PMID: 29115941 PMCID: PMC5678600 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs specifically dysregulated in BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer, which could lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying oncogenesis of this malignant subtype of colorectal cancer. Methods Candidate dysregulated miRNAs were selected in genome-wide miRNA expression array analysis using a screening set composed of 15 BRAF-mutated and 15 non-KRAS/BRAF-mutated colorectal cancers. The miRNA expressions were validated in another set of patients. The functional roles of the miRNAs were analyzed by cell growth and invasion assays. The association between miRNA expression status and the clinical outcome of patients treated with various chemotherapies was analyzed. Results Within the top five of the miRNAs screened, we validated miRNA-31 (miR-31) and miR-135b as up-regulated, while miR-193a-3p was down-regulated in BRAF-mutated cancer. Moreover, miR-193a-3p inhibited cell growth, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Low miR-193a-3p expression was associated with shorter progression-free survival in patients who received anti-EGFR therapy. Conclusions Our results disclose a novel tumor suppressive role of miR-193a-3p in colorectal cancer. These results could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer, particularly in BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3739-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masanobu Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Ohnuma
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshino
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kota Ouchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimodaira
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chikashi Ishioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
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55
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Mamoori A, Wahab R, Islam F, Lee K, Vider J, Lu CT, Gopalan V, Lam AKY. Clinical and biological significance of miR-193a-3p targeted KRAS in colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Hum Pathol 2017; 71:145-156. [PMID: 29104111 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the expression pattern, mechanisms and clinicopathological implications of miR-193a-3p in colorectal cancer. Fresh-frozen tissues from 70 matched colorectal adenocarciomas and the adjacent non-neoplastic mucosae were prospectively collected. Two colorectal cancer cell lines (SW480 and SW48) and a non-neoplastic colon cell line (FHC) were also used. The expression levels of miR193a-3p in the cells and tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of KRAS protein as a predicted downstream target for miR-193a was studied by immunohistochemistry. Restoration of the miR-193a level in the cell lines by permanent transfection was achieved and multiple functional and immunological assays were performed to analyze the functions of miR-193a in vitro. Down-regulation of miR-193a-3p was noted in 70% of the colorectal cancer tissues when compared to non-neoplastic colorectal tissues. In addition, down-regulation of miR-193a was significantly correlated with carcinoma of early stages (P<.05). Significant inverse correlation between miR-193a-3p and its target KRAS protein was determined (P<.05). Overexpression of miR-193a in colon cancer cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, induced significant changes in cell cycle events and decreased the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker TWIST. This study confirms the tumor suppressor roles of miR-193a-3p, its downstream target affinity to KRAS and clinical significance in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afraa Mamoori
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia; Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, 51002, Iraq
| | - Riajul Wahab
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Katherine Lee
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Jelena Vider
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Cu-Tai Lu
- Department of Surgery, Gold Coast Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia; School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia.
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia; Pathology Queensland, Gold Coast Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia.
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56
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Xie F, Hosany S, Zhong S, Jiang Y, Zhang F, Lin L, Wang X, Gao S, Hu X. MicroRNA-193a inhibits breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by downregulating WT1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185565. [PMID: 29016617 PMCID: PMC5634539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In many cancers, microRNA-193a (miR-193a) is a suppressor miRNA, but its underlying anti-oncogenic activity in breast cancer is not known. In this study, we found decreased miR-193a (specifically, miR-193a-5p) expression not only in breast cancer cell lines but also in breast cancer tissues as compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues. Ectopic miR-193a overexpression inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. miR-193a reduced Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) expression and repressed luciferase reporter activity by binding WT1 coding region sequences; mutation of the predicted miR-193a binding site abolished this effect. miR-193a and WT1 expression were significantly inversely correlated in breast cancer tissues. Importantly, the anti-cancer activity induced by miR-193a was partially reversed by WT1 overexpression, indicating an important role for WT1 in such activity related to miR-193a. Our results reveal that miR-193a-WT1 interaction plays an important role in breast cancer metastasis, and suggest that restoring miR-193a expression is a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Reporter
- Humans
- Luciferases/genetics
- Luciferases/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Signal Transduction
- WT1 Proteins/genetics
- WT1 Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- FeiYan Xie
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sumayyah Hosany
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shen Zhong
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - LiLi Lin
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - XiaoBo Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - ShenMeng Gao
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (SMG); (XQH)
| | - XiaoQu Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (SMG); (XQH)
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57
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Rossetti S, Anauo MJ, Sacchi N. MiR-221-regulated KIT level by wild type or leukemia mutant RUNX1: a determinant of single myeloblast fate decisions that - collectively - drives or hinders granulopoiesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85783-85793. [PMID: 29156756 PMCID: PMC5689646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1, a master transcription factor of hematopoiesis, was shown to orchestrate both cell proliferation and differentiation during granulopoiesis by regulating microRNAs (miRs). In this study, taking advantage of the miR-ON reporter system, we monitored first, how the granulocyte colony stimulation factor (GCSF) temporally modulates the concomitant level variation of miR-221 and one of its prototypic targets, the stem cell factor receptor KIT, in single 32DmiR-ON-221 myeloblasts expressing wild type RUNX1. Second, with the same reporter system we assessed how these temporal dynamics are affected by the t(8;21)(q22;q22) acute myelogenous leukemia mutant RUNX1-MTG8 (RM8) in single 32D-RM8miR-ON-221 myeloblasts. Depending on either wild type, or mutant, RUNX1 transcriptional regulation, the cell-context specific miR-221-regulated KIT level translates into differential single cell fate decisions. Collectively, single cell fate choices translate into either initial expansion of undifferentiated myeloblasts followed by terminal granulocyte differentiation, as it happens in normal granulopoiesis, or aggressive growth of undifferentiated myeloblasts, as it happens in RUNX1-MTG8-positive acute myelogenous leukemia. Increasing knowledge of biological changes, due to altered miRNA dynamics, is expected to have relevant translational implications for leukemia detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rossetti
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Michael J Anauo
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Nicoletta Sacchi
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
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58
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Wu LH, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Meng LY, Wang YC, Sheng CJ. Effects of gene knockdown of CNP on ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through NPRB/Cgmp signaling pathway in rats. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1804-1818. [PMID: 28796407 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore effects of CNP on ventricular remodeling following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury through the NPRB/cGMP signaling pathway. Rat cardiomyocytes were assigned into: control, I/R, I/R + CNP, and I/R + 8-Br-cGMP groups. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to detect cGMP content and expression, respectively. After model establishment of I/R rats, normal control, CNP-/- control, I/R, and CNP-/- groups were set. Indexes of heart were detected using echocardiography and hemodynamics. ELISA was used to measure serum CNP, cGMP, LDH, cTn I, CK-MB, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels. Myocardial infarct was identified by TTC staining, and apoptosis conditions by TUNEL staining. QRT-PCR and Western blotting were adopted to detect expressions of CNP, NPRB, cGMP, and apoptosis-related genes. Compared with control group, cGMP contents and expression in the I/R, I/R + CNP and I/R + 8-Br-cGMP groups were decreased. Levels of LVEDV, LVESV, LVDS, LVDD, IVSD, LVM, LVEDP, and LVSP were higher in the I/R, CNP-/- control, and CNP-/- groups than normal control group while LVEF, SV, CO, and ±dp/dtmax were lower. Compared with the normal control group, LDH, cTn I, CK-MB, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in the I/R, CNP-/- control and CNP-/- groups; pathological changes and myocardial infarction were observed in the I/R, CNP-/- control, and CNP-/- groups; expressions of apoptosis-related genes in those groups were higher; while CNP, NPRB, cGMP, and Bcl-2 expressions were decreased. We came to the conclusion that gene knockdown of CNP blocks the NPRB/cGMP signaling pathway, thereby aggravating myocardial I/R injury and causing ventricular remodeling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-He Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying City People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Lu-Yu Meng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yan-Chi Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Cun-Jian Sheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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59
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Biological Function of MicroRNA193a-3p in Health and Disease. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:5913195. [PMID: 29038785 PMCID: PMC5605928 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5913195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that act mainly as negative regulators of gene expression. Several studies demonstrated that miRNAs take part in numerous biological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been frequently observed in different types of disease, including cancer. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on the human miR-193a-3p by considering its role in both physiological and pathological contexts. Different mechanisms involved in regulating miR-193a-3p expression have been reported, including epigenetic modifications and transcription factors. In physiological contexts, miR-193a-3p seemed able to limit proliferation and cell cycle progression in normal cells. Remarkably, several publications demonstrated that miR-193a-3p acted as a tumor suppressor miRNA in cancer by targeting different genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the downregulation of miR-193a-3p has been observed in many primary tumors and altered levels of circulating miR-193a-3p have been identified in serum or plasma of cancer patients and subjects affected by Parkinson's disease or by schizophrenia. In a clinical perspective, further studies are needed to explore the antitumor effects of the miR-193a-3p mimics delivery and the relevance of this miRNA detection as a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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60
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Jung SH, Lee SE, Lee M, Kim SH, Yim SH, Kim TW, Min CK, Chung YJ. Circulating microRNA expressions can predict the outcome of lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone treatment in patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma. Haematologica 2017; 102:e456-e459. [PMID: 28775122 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.168070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jung
- Departments of Cancer Evolution Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Precision Medicine Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minho Lee
- Precision Medicine Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Yim
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea .,Leukemia Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Precision Medicine Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea .,Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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61
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MicroRNAs and acute myeloid leukemia: therapeutic implications and emerging concepts. Blood 2017; 130:1290-1301. [PMID: 28751524 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-10-697698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled growth of immature myeloid cells. Over the past several decades, we have learned a tremendous amount regarding the genetic aberrations that govern disease development in AML. Among these are genes that encode noncoding RNAs, including the microRNA (miRNA) family. miRNAs are evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs that display important physiological effects through their posttranscriptional regulation of messenger RNA targets. Over the past decade, studies have identified miRNAs as playing a role in nearly all aspects of AML disease development, including cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation. These observations have led to the study of miRNAs as biomarkers of disease, and efforts to therapeutically manipulate miRNAs to improve disease outcome in AML are ongoing. Although much has been learned regarding the importance of miRNAs in AML disease initiation and progression, there are many unanswered questions and emerging facets of miRNA biology that add complexity to their roles in AML. Moving forward, answers to these questions will provide a greater level of understanding of miRNA biology and critical insights into the many translational applications for these small regulatory RNAs in AML.
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62
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Sayad A, Hajifathali A, Hamidieh AA, Roshandel E, Taheri M. HOTAIR Long Noncoding RNA is not a Biomarker for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Iranian Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1581-1584. [PMID: 28669171 PMCID: PMC6373789 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.6.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that lncRNAs may have potential as new biomarkers to predict prognosis of different human cancers. HOTAIR lncRNA, transcribed from the human HOX locus, has been suggested to regulate gene expression of important target genes and up-regulation has been noted in malignancies. The role of HOX transcript antisense RNA in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was investigated in the present case control study. HOTAIR expression was evaluated in blood samples of twenty five de novo AML patients and fifty healthy controls using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results demonstrated no significant differences in HOTAIR lncRNA expression level between AML patients and healthy individuals. The obtained data indicate that HOTAIR is not an informative and reliable biomarker for AML diagnosis, although our results should be confirmed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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63
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Pekow J, Meckel K, Dougherty U, Huang Y, Chen X, Almoghrabi A, Mustafi R, Ayaloglu-Butun F, Deng Z, Haider HI, Hart J, Rubin DT, Kwon JH, Bissonnette M. miR-193a-3p is a Key Tumor Suppressor in Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer and Promotes Carcinogenesis through Upregulation of IL17RD. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5281-5291. [PMID: 28600480 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Patients with ulcerative colitis are at increased risk for colorectal cancer, although mechanisms underlying neoplastic transformation are poorly understood. We sought to evaluate the role of microRNAs in neoplasia development in this high-risk population.Experimental Design: Tissue from 12 controls, 9 ulcerative colitis patients without neoplasia, and 11 ulcerative colitis patients with neoplasia was analyzed. miRNA array analysis was performed and select miRNAs assayed by real-time PCR on the discovery cohort and a validation cohort. DNA methylation of miR-193a was assessed. Following transfection of miR-193a-3p, proliferation, IL17RD expression, and luciferase activity of the 3'UTR of IL17RD were measured. Tumor growth in xenografts as well as EGFR signaling were assessed in HCT116 cells expressing IL17RD with either a mutant 3' untranslated region (UTR) or wild-type (WT) 3'UTR.Results: miR-31, miR-34a, miR-106b, and miR-193a-3p were significantly dysregulated in ulcerative colitis-neoplasia and adjacent tissue. Significant down-regulation of miR-193a-3p was also seen in an independent cohort of ulcerative colitis cancers. Changes in methylation of miR-193a or expression of pri-miR-193a were not observed in ulcerative colitis cancer. Transfection of miR-193a-3p resulted in decreased proliferation, and identified IL17RD as a direct target of miR-193a-3p. IL17RD expression was increased in ulcerative colitis cancers, and miR-193a-3p treatment decreased growth and EGFR signaling of HCT116 cells in xenografts expressing both IL17RD with WT 3'UTR compared with cells expressing IL17RD with mutant 3'UTR.Conclusions: miR-193a-3p is downregulated in ulcerative colitis neoplasia, and its loss promotes carcinogenesis through upregulation of IL17RD. These findings provide novel insight into inflammation-driven colorectal cancer and could suggest new therapeutic targets in this high-risk population. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5281-91. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Pekow
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Katherine Meckel
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Urszula Dougherty
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yong Huang
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xindi Chen
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anas Almoghrabi
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Reba Mustafi
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fatma Ayaloglu-Butun
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zifeng Deng
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Haider I Haider
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John Hart
- University of Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John H Kwon
- University of Texas Southwestern, Digestive and Liver Disease Division, Dallas, Texas
| | - Marc Bissonnette
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois
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64
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Xiao X, Xu Q, Sun Y, Lu Z, Li R, Wang X, Jiang X, Zhang G, Xiao Y. 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine promotes migration of acute monocytic leukemia cells via activation of CCL2-CCR2-ERK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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65
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Fogli S, Polini B, Carpi S, Pardini B, Naccarati A, Dubbini N, Lanza M, Breschi MC, Romanini A, Nieri P. Identification of plasma microRNAs as new potential biomarkers with high diagnostic power in human cutaneous melanoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317701646. [PMID: 28466785 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a devastating disease with few therapeutic options in the advanced stage and with the urgent need of reliable biomarkers for early detection. In this context, circulating microRNAs are raising great interest as diagnostic biomarkers. We analyzed the expression profiles of 21 selected microRNAs in plasma samples from melanoma patients and healthy donors to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. Data analysis was performed using global mean normalization and NormFinder algorithm. Linear regression followed by receiver operating characteristic analyses was carried out to evaluate whether selected plasma miRNAs were able to discriminate between cases and controls. We found five microRNAs that were differently expressed among cases and controls after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Specifically, miR-15b-5p, miR-149-3p, and miR-150-5p were up-regulated in plasma of melanoma patients compared with healthy controls, while miR-193a-3p and miR-524-5p were down-regulated. Receiver operating characteristic analyses of these selected microRNAs provided area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values ranging from 0.80 to 0.95. Diagnostic value of microRNAs is improved when considering the combination of miR-149-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-193a-3p. The triple classifier had a high capacity to discriminate between melanoma patients and healthy controls, making it suitable to be used in early melanoma diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fogli
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sara Carpi
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Nevio Dubbini
- 3 Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Lanza
- 3 Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Nieri
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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66
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Economopoulou P, Psyrri A. Organ-specific gene modulation: Principles and applications in cancer research. Cancer Lett 2017; 387:18-24. [PMID: 27224891 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microarray and next generation sequencing has led to the exploration of correlated gene patterns and their shared functions. Gene modulators are proteins that alter the activity of transcription factors and influence the expression of their target genes. It is assumed that modulators are dependent on transcription factors. Several algorithms have been developed for the detection of gene modulators. On the other hand, it is becoming increasingly evident that modulators play a crucial role in carcinogenesis by interfering with fundamental biologic processes. Therapeutic gene modulation that is based on artificial modification of endogenous gene functions by designer molecules is an exciting new field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Economopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Amanda Psyrri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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67
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Abba ML, Patil N, Leupold JH, Moniuszko M, Utikal J, Niklinski J, Allgayer H. MicroRNAs as novel targets and tools in cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2017; 387:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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68
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Shi JL, Fu L, Ang Q, Wang GJ, Zhu J, Wang WD. Overexpression of ATP1B1 predicts an adverse prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2585-95. [PMID: 26506237 PMCID: PMC4823057 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP1B1 encodes the Na,K-ATPase β subunit, a key regulator of the Na+ and K+ electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane and an essential regulator of cellular activity. We used several microarray datasets to test the prognostic efficacy of ATP1B1 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). Within the primary cohort (n = 157), high ATP1B1 expression (ATP1B1high) was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) (P = 0.0068, P = 0.0039, respectively). Similar results were also obtained in the European Leukemia Net (ELN) Intermediate-I genetic category (OS: P = 0.0035, EFS: P = 0.0007). Multivariable analyses confirmed ATP1B1high is an independent predictor of shorter OS (P = 0.042) and EFS (P = 0.035). Analysis of another CN-AML cohort confirmed that ATP1B1high is associated with shorter OS (P = 0.0046, n = 162). In addition, up-regulation of oncogenes/onco-microRNAs such as MYCN, CCND2, CDK6, KIT and miR-155, among others, was associated with ATP1B1high, which may be indicative of ATP1B1's leukemogenicity. Our results may improve risk stratification and indicate new therapeutic targets for CN-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-long Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-jing Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-dong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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69
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Zebisch A, Hatzl S, Pichler M, Wölfler A, Sill H. Therapeutic Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Role of Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122080. [PMID: 27973410 PMCID: PMC5187880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by malignant transformation of hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells and displays the most frequent acute leukemia in adults. Although some patients can be cured with high dose chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the majority still succumbs to chemoresistant disease. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNA fragments and act as key players in the regulation of both physiologic and pathologic gene expression profiles. Aberrant expression of various non-coding RNAs proved to be of seminal importance in the pathogenesis of AML, as well in the development of resistance to chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs with respect to sensitivity and resistance to treatment regimens currently used in AML and provide an outlook on potential therapeutic targets emerging thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Stefan Hatzl
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
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70
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Chen J, Gao S, Wang C, Wang Z, Zhang H, Huang K, Zhou B, Li H, Yu Z, Wu J, Chen C. Pathologically decreased expression of miR-193a contributes to metastasis by targeting WT1-E-cadherin axis in non-small cell lung cancers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:173. [PMID: 27821145 PMCID: PMC5100283 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The metastatic cascade is a complex and multistep process with many potential barriers. Recently, miR-193a has been reported to be a suppressive miRNA in multiple types of cancers, but its underlying anti-oncogenic activity in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is not fully elucidated. Methods The expressions of miR-193a (miR-193a-5p) in human lung cancer tissues and cell lines were detected by real-time PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the direct target of miR-193a. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis were assessed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay, respectively. Results The expression of miR-193a in lung cancer tissues was decreased comparing to adjacent non-tumor tissues due to DNA hypermethylation in lung cancer tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-193a inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in A549 and H1299 cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-193a partially reversed tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, miR-193a reduced the expression of WT1, which negatively regulated the protein level of E-cadherin, suggesting that miR-193a might prevent EMT via modulating WT1-E-cadherin axis. Importantly, knockdown of WT1 resembled the anti-cancer activity by miR-193a and overexpression of WT1 partially reversed miR-193a-induced anti-cancer activity, indicating that WT1 plays an important role in miR-193a-induced anti-cancer activity. Finally, overexpression of miR-193a decreased the growth of tumor xenografts in mice. Conclusion Collectively, our results have revealed an important role of miR-193a-WT1-E-cadherin axis in metastasis, demonstrated an important molecular cue for EMT, and suggested a therapeutic strategy of restoring miR-193a expression in NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0450-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shenmeng Gao
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunjing Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine & School of Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhonggai Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine & School of Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huxiang Zhang
- Pathology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kate Huang
- Pathology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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71
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High expression of MAP7 predicts adverse prognosis in young patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34546. [PMID: 27686215 PMCID: PMC5043276 DOI: 10.1038/srep34546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) plays an important role in cancer cells. In this study, we identified the prognostic significance of MAP7 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) patients (aged <60 years) based on several microarray datasets. In the first group (n = 129), high MAP7 expression (MAP7high) was associated with adverse overall survival (OS; P = 0.0441) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0114) compared with low MAP7 expression (MAP7low). In addition, the prognostic significance of MAP7 was confirmed by European Leukemia Net (ELN) intermediate-I genetic categories and multivariable analysis. In the second independent group of CN-AML patients (aged <60 years), MAP7high was also associated with adverse OS (n = 88, OS; P = 0.00811). To understand the inherent mechanisms of MAP7's prognosis, we investigated genome-wide gene/microRNA expression signatures associated with MAP7 expression. Several known oncogenic genes/microRNAs and anti-oncogenic genes/microRNAs were disordered in MAP7high CN-AML patients. In conclusion, MAP7high is an adverse prognostic biomarker for CN-AML, which may be attributed to the distinctive genome-wide gene/microRNA expression and related cell signaling pathways.
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72
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miR-193a-3p is a potential tumor suppressor in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:23480-95. [PMID: 26125439 PMCID: PMC4695131 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an asbestos-induced cancer with poor prognosis that displays characteristic alterations in microRNA expression. Recently it was reported that the expression of a subset of microRNAs can distinguish between MPM and adenocarcinoma of the lung. However, the functional importance of these changes has yet to be investigated. We compared expression of miR-192, miR-193a-3p and the miR-200 family in normal pleura and MPM tumor specimens and found a statistically significant reduction in the levels of miR-193a-3p (3.1-fold) and miR-192 (2.8-fold) in MPM. Transfection of MPM cells with a miR-193a-3p mimic resulted in inhibition of growth and an induction of apoptosis and necrosis in vitro. The growth inhibitory effects of miR-193a-3p were associated with a decrease in MCL1 expression and were recapitulated by RNAi-mediated MCL1 silencing. Targeted delivery of miR-193a-3p mimic using EDV minicells inhibited MPM xenograft tumour growth, and was associated with increased apoptosis. In conclusion, miR-193a-3p appears to have importance in the biology of MPM and may represent a target for therapeutic intervention.
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73
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Tsai KW, Leung CM, Lo YH, Chen TW, Chan WC, Yu SY, Tu YT, Lam HC, Li SC, Ger LP, Liu WS, Chang HT. Arm Selection Preference of MicroRNA-193a Varies in Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28176. [PMID: 27307030 PMCID: PMC4910092 DOI: 10.1038/srep28176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs derived from the 3′ and 5′ ends of the same precursor. However, the biological function and mechanism of miRNA arm expression preference remain unclear in breast cancer. We found significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-193a-5p but no significant differences in those of miR-193a-3p in breast cancer. MiR-193a-3p suppressed breast cancer cell growth and migration and invasion abilities, whereas miR-193a-5p suppressed cell growth but did not influence cell motility. Furthermore, NLN and CCND1, PLAU, and SEPN1 were directly targeted by miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p, respectively, in breast cancer cells. The endogenous levels of miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p were significantly increased by transfecting breast cancer cells with the 3′UTR of their direct targets. Comprehensive analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed significant differences in the arm expression preferences of several miRNAs between breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Our results collectively indicate that the arm expression preference phenomenon may be attributable to the target gene amount during breast cancer progression. The miRNA arm expression preference may be a means of modulating miRNA function, further complicating the mRNA regulatory network. Our findings provide a new insight into miRNA regulation and an application for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University of Education, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Man Leung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Lo
- Department of Family Medicine, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wen Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Chan
- Genomics &Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of medical research, Kaohsiung, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yu Yu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Tu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hing-Chung Lam
- Center For Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics &Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of medical research, Kaohsiung, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Twiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Chang
- Center For Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Adult diffuse gliomas account for the majority of primary malignant brain tumours, and are in most cases lethal. Current therapies are often only marginally effective, and improved options will almost certainly benefit from further insight into the various processes contributing to gliomagenesis and pathology. While molecular characterization of these tumours classifies them on the basis of genetic alterations and chromosomal abnormalities, DNA methylation patterns are increasingly understood to play a role in glioma pathogenesis. Indeed, a subset of gliomas associated with improved survival is characterized by the glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP), which can be induced by the expression of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2). Aberrant methylation of particular genes or regulatory elements, within the context of G-CIMP-positive and/or negative tumours, has also been shown to be associated with differential survival. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the role of DNA methylation in adult diffuse gliomas. In particular, we discuss IDH mutations and G-CIMP, MGMT promoter methylation, DNA methylation-mediated microRNA regulation and aberrant methylation of specific genes or groups of genes.
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Fu L, Shi J, Hu K, Wang J, Wang W, Ke X. Mitogen-activated protein kinase binding protein 1 (MAPKBP1) is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8144-54. [PMID: 25924238 PMCID: PMC4480741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase binding protein 1 (MAPKBP1) is a key transcription factor in the NF-κB signalling pathway. In this study, associations between MAPKBP1 expression and molecular and clinical characteristics were evaluated by several microarray datasets. We found that MAPKBP1 was over-expressed in cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML) patients compared to normal bone marrow. High MAPKBP1 expression (MAPKBP1high) was associated with significantly shorter event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0004) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.0006) than low MAPKBP1 expression (MAPKBP1low) in a cohort of 157 CN-AML patients. In multivariable analyses, MAPKBP1high remained associated with shorter EFS (P = 0.003) and OS (P = 0.01). Validation in an independent cohort of 162 CN-AML patients further confirmed the prognostic value of MAPKBP1 (OS, P = 0.00172). Gene-expression profiling revealed that some important oncogenes, including MYCN, MYB, CDK6 and CCND2, etc, were up-regulated, while cell signalling pathways leading to apoptosis, antigen processing, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity were down-regulated in MAPKBP1high patients with CN-AML. MicroRNA expression profiling revealed thatsome oncogenic microRNAsincluding miR-155 and miR-126 were up-regulated, whilst anti-oncogenic microRNAsincluding miR-148a and miR-193a were down-regulated in MAPKBP1high patients with CN-AML, which may underlie the pathological processes in this malignancy. Taken together, these findings suggest MAPKBP1highis a novel, unfavourably prognostic biomarker for CN-AML risk-stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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76
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Pagano F, De Marinis E, Grignani F, Nervi C. Epigenetic role of miRNAs in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. Epigenomics 2016; 5:539-52. [PMID: 24059800 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a regulated multistep process, whereby transcriptional and epigenetic events contribute to progenitor fate determination. miRNAs have emerged as key players in hematopoietic cell development, differentiation and malignant transformation. From embryonic development through to adult life, miRNAs cooperate with, or are regulated, by epigenetic factors. Moreover, recent findings suggest that they contribute to chromatin structural modification, and the functional relevance of this 'epigenetic-miRNA axis' will be discussed in this article. Finally, emerging evidence has highlighted that miRNAs have functional control in human hematopoietic cells, involving targeted recruitment of epigenetic complexes to evolutionarily conserved complementary genomic loci. We propose the existence of epigenetic-miRNA loops that are able to organize the whole gene expression profile in hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences & Biotechnologies, University La Sapienza, Latina, 04100, Italy
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77
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Meng F, Qian L, Lv L, Ding B, Zhou G, Cheng X, Niu S, Liang Y. miR-193a-3p regulation of chemoradiation resistance in oesophageal cancer cells via the PSEN1 gene. Gene 2016; 579:139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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MiR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p suppress the metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells by down-regulating Rab27B and SRR, respectively. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 33:359-72. [PMID: 26913720 PMCID: PMC4799803 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been identified as key players in the development and progression of osteosarcoma, which is the most common primary malignancy of bone. Sequencing-based miR-omic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses suggested that the expression of miR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p was decreased by DNA methylation at their promoter region in a highly metastatic osteosarcoma cell line (MG63.2) relative to their expression in the less metastatic MG63 cell line. Further wound-healing and invasion assays demonstrated that both miR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p suppressed osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. Moreover, introducing miR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p mimics into MG63.2 cells or antagomiRs into MG63 cells confirmed their critical roles in osteosarcoma metastasis. Additionally, bioinformatics prediction along with biochemical assay results clearly suggested that the secretory small GTPase Rab27B and serine racemase (SRR) were direct targets of miR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p, respectively. These two targets are indeed involved in the miR-193a-3p- and miR-193a-5p-induced suppression of osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. MiR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p play important roles in osteosarcoma metastasis through down-regulation of the Rab27B and SRR genes and therefore may serve as useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and as potential candidates for the treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma.
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79
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Shi JL, Fu L, Wang WD. High expression of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) as a novel biomarker for worse prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5299-309. [PMID: 25779662 PMCID: PMC4467150 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) is a key regulator for the activity of calcium ion transmembrane transportation, which plays a critical role in cell cycle and proliferation. However, the clinical impact of ITPR2 in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) remained unknown. Several microarray datasets were used to evaluate the association between ITPR2 expression and clinical and molecular characteristics. ITPR2 showed a higher expression in CN-AML patients than normal persons. In a cohort of 157 CN-AML patients, high ITPR2 expression (ITPR2high) was associated with dramatically shorter overall survival (OS; P = 0.004) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.01), which were also shown in the European Leukemia Net (ELN) intermediate-I genetic category (OS: P = 0.0066; EFS: P = 0.009). Multivariable analyses adjusting for known prognostic factors confirmed ITPR2high to be associated with shorter OS (P = 0.0019) and EFS (P = 0.012). The prognostic value of ITPR2 was further validated in another cohort of 162 CN-AML patients (P = 0.007). In addition, first gene/microRNA expression signatures were derived that associated with ITPR2high on the genome-wide scale, which provided many indications to illustrate the possible mechanisms why ITPR2 could function. These results could aid to identify new targets and design novel therapeutic strategies for CN-AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-long Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei-dong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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80
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Suzuki H, Maruyama R, Yamamoto E, Niinuma T, Kai M. Relationship Between Noncoding RNA Dysregulation and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:109-35. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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81
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Boosani CS, Agrawal DK. Methylation and microRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of SOCS3. Mol Biol Rep 2015; 42:853-72. [PMID: 25682267 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-015-3860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic gene silencing of several genes causes different pathological conditions in humans, and DNA methylation has been identified as one of the key mechanisms that underlie this evolutionarily conserved phenomenon associated with developmental and pathological gene regulation. Recent advances in the miRNA technology with high throughput analysis of gene regulation further increased our understanding on the role of miRNAs regulating multiple gene expression. There is increasing evidence supporting that the miRNAs not only regulate gene expression but they also are involved in the hypermethylation of promoter sequences, which cumulatively contributes to the epigenetic gene silencing. Here, we critically evaluated the recent progress on the transcriptional regulation of an important suppressor protein that inhibits cytokine-mediated signaling, SOCS3, whose expression is directly regulated both by promoter methylation and also by microRNAs, affecting its vital cell regulating functions. SOCS3 was identified as a potent inhibitor of Jak/Stat signaling pathway which is frequently upregulated in several pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, viral infections, and the expression of SOCS3 was inhibited or greatly reduced due to hypermethylation of the CpG islands in its promoter region or suppression of its expression by different microRNAs. Additionally, we discuss key intracellular signaling pathways regulated by SOCS3 involving cellular events, including cell proliferation, cell growth, cell migration and apoptosis. Identification of the pathway intermediates as specific targets would not only aid in the development of novel therapeutic drugs, but, would also assist in developing new treatment strategies that could successfully be employed in combination therapy to target multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S Boosani
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
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82
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights recent insights into the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies and tantalising prospects of miRNA therapy. RECENT FINDINGS New roles for miRNAs in biological and disease processes are constantly being discovered. Although great effort has been put into identifying and cataloguing aberrantly expressed miRNAs in leukaemia, very little is known about the functional consequences of their deregulation in myeloid malignancies. This review will discuss the significance of powerful oncogenic miRNAs such as miR-22 in self-renewal and transformation of haematopoietic stem cells, as well as their ability to induce epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of the stem cell disorder myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloid leukaemia. SUMMARY Improved understanding of biological roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies will allow rational stratification of patients and provide new therapeutic entries for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and leukaemia.
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83
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Liu Y, Ren F, Luo Y, Rong M, Chen G, Dang Y. Down-Regulation of MiR-193a-3p Dictates Deterioration of HCC: A Clinical Real-Time qRT-PCR Study. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2352-60. [PMID: 26263159 PMCID: PMC4538786 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although some recent reports have shown that the expression level of miR-193a varied in different cancers, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unidentified. The aim of the current study was to validate the relationship between miR-193a-3p and clinicopathological characteristics in HCC patients. Material/Methods Expression of miR-193a-3p in 95 HCC cases and their corresponding peritumoral tissues (PT) was examined by using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). miR-193a-3p expression and its correlation with a variety of clinicopathological features and patient recurrence were analyzed. Results The relative level of miR-193a-3p was 3.2028±1.1951 in PT, significantly higher than its expression in HCC tissues (1.5941±0.7079, P<0.001). The area under the curve of underexpression of miR-193a-3p was 0.906 to distinguish HCC from normal liver (95% CI: 0.864–0.948, P<0.001). Expression of miR-193a-3p was negatively correlated to metastasis (r=−0.371, P=0.000), TNM (r=−0.321, P=0.002), respectively. Additionally, the recurrence time was 50.271±2.631 months for the low miR-193a-3p level group and 60.132±3.626 months for the high miR-193a-3p level group. However, no significant difference between them was found (chi-square=0.354, P=0.552). Conclusions MiR-193a-3p may be a tumor-suppressive miRNA which is down-regulated in HCC tissues. It could be regarded as a predictor for the deterioration of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongru Liu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Fanghui Ren
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Yihuan Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Minhua Rong
- Department of Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
| | - Yiwu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang, China (mainland)
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84
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Romero-Cordoba SL, Salido-Guadarrama I, Rodriguez-Dorantes M, Hidalgo-Miranda A. miRNA biogenesis: biological impact in the development of cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 15:1444-55. [PMID: 25482951 PMCID: PMC4622859 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.955442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are non coding RNAs with different biological functions and pathological implications. Given their role as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, they are involved in several important physiological processes like development, cell differentiation and cell signaling. miRNAs act as modulators of gene expression programs in different diseases, particularly in cancer, where they act through the repression of genes which are critical for carcinogenesis. The expression level of mature miRNAs is the result of a fine mechanism of biogenesis, carried out by different enzymatic complexes that exert their function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we will focus our discussion on the alterations in the miRNA biogenesis machinery, and its impact on the establishment and development of cancer programs.
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Key Words
- Ago2, Argonaute 2 protein
- Ars2, Arsenic Resistance protein 2
- DGCR8, DiGeorge syndrome Critical Region 8 protein
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- KSRP, KH-type splicing regulatory protein
- MK2, MAPK-activated protein kinase 2
- PABP, poly(A)-binding protein
- PACT, kinase R–activating protein
- PRC2, Polycomb repressor complex
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- TRBP, TAR RNA binding protein
- TUT4, terminal uridine transferase-4
- XPO5, exportin 5
- cancer
- cellular signaling
- circRNA, circular RNA
- hnRNPs, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins
- miRNA biogenesis
- miRNAs, microRNAs
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85
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Xing CY, Hu XQ, Xie FY, Yu ZJ, Li HY, Bin-Zhou, Wu JB, Tang LY, Gao SM. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR modulates c-KIT expression through sponging miR-193a in acute myeloid leukemia. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1981-7. [PMID: 25979172 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
HOTAIR is significantly overexpressed in various cancers and facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis. However, whether HOTAIR plays oncogenic roles in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still unknown. Here, we report that HOTAIR expression was obviously increased in leukemic cell lines and primary AML blasts. Clinically, AML patients with higher HOTAIR predicted worse clinical outcome compared with those with lower HOTAIR. Importantly, HOTAIR knockdown by small hairpin RNA inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, and decreased number of colony formation. Finally, HOTAIR modulated c-KIT expression by competitively binding miR-193a. Collectively, our data suggest that HOTAIR plays an important oncogenic role in AML and might serve as a marker for AML prognosis and a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-yun Xing
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-qu Hu
- Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fei-yan Xie
- Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-jie Yu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hai-ying Li
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin-Zhou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian-bo Wu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li-yuan Tang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shen-meng Gao
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcai Village, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China.
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86
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Braga EA, Loginov VI, Pronina IV, Khodyrev DS, Rykov SV, Burdennyy AM, Friedman MV, Kazubskaya TP, Kubatiev AA, Kushlinskii NE. Upregulation of RHOA and NKIRAS1 genes in lung tumors is associated with loss of their methylation as well as with methylation of regulatory miRNA genes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 80:483-94. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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87
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High expression of c-kit mRNA predicts unfavorable outcome in adult patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124241. [PMID: 25860287 PMCID: PMC4393018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The reason that a certain subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with t(8;21) translocation (generating the AML1/ETO fusion gene) displays a poor survival remains elusive. The proto-oncogene c-kit is expressed in approximately 80% of AML cases. The kinase domain mutation of the c-kit gene, one of the most common gain-of-function mutations associated with t(8;21) AML, predicts higher relapse risk and poor prognosis. However, the role of c-kit high expression in t(8;21) AML remains poorly understood. Here we evaluated the prognostic significance of c-kit expression levels in AML patients. The mRNA expression of c-kit was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in 132 adult AML patients. Patients were grouped into quartiles according to c-kit expression levels (Q1–Q4, each quartile containing 25% of patients) and divided into c-kit high (Q4; n = 33) and c-kit low (Q1–Q3; n = 99). High c-kit expression was associated with AML1/ETO-positive and with c-kit mutation. Of note, 35.8% of the AML1/ETO-positive AML patients carrying wild-type c-kit expressed high levels of c-kit, suggesting that other factors are involved in c-kit overexpression. High c-kit expression was associated with inferior overall and event-free survival in AML1/ETO-positive patients and was independently predictive for overall and event-free survival in multivariate analyses in a c-kit mutation-independent manner. Thus, high c-kit expression serves as a reliable molecular marker for poor prognosis, supporting a pathogenetic role of c-kit signaling in AML1/ETO-positive AML. AML1/ETO-positive patients with high c-kit expression might benefit from early treatment modifications and molecular target therapies.
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88
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Overexpression of miR-595 and miR-1246 in the sera of patients with active forms of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015; 21:520-30. [PMID: 25628040 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in the inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which arise due to dysfunctional host-microbe interactions and impairment of the barrier function of the intestine. Here, we sought to determine whether circulating miRNAs are biomarkers of active colonic CD and UC and can provide insights into disease pathogenesis. Comparison was made with serum miRNAs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Total serum RNA from patients with colonic CD, UC, and RA, and normal healthy adults was screened for disease-associated miRNAs by microarray analysis, with subsequent validation by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. MiRNA targets were identified by luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS MiR-595 and miR-1246 were significantly upregulated in the sera of active colonic CD, UC, and RA patients, compared with healthy subjects; and in active colonic CD and UC compared with inactive disease. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR-595 inhibits the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule-1 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2. CONCLUSIONS Serum miR-595 and miR-1246 are biomarkers of active CD, UC, and RA. These findings gain significance from reports that miR-595 impairs epithelial tight junctions, whereas miR-1246 indirectly activates the proinflammatory nuclear factor of activated T cells. miR-595 targets the cell adhesion molecule neural cell adhesion molecule-1, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, which plays a key role in the differentiation, protection, and repair of colonic epithelium, and maintenance of tight junctions. miR-595 and miR-1246 warrant testing as potential targets for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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89
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Loginov VI, Rykov SV, Fridman MV, Braga EA. Methylation of miRNA genes and oncogenesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 80:145-62. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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90
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Huang H, Hu M, Li P, Lu C, Li M. Mir-152 inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation of CD133(+) liver cancer stem cells by targeting KIT. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:921-8. [PMID: 25311946 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
miR152 is involved in diverse biological functions and development of disease. This study investigates the role of mir-152 in cell proliferation and colony formation of liver cancer stem cells. We show that exogenous overexpression of mir-152 suppresses cell proliferation and colony formation in CD133(+) hep3B cells. We also show that KIT is a direct target of miR-152 and miR-152 downregulates protein expression of KIT by directly binding to 3' untranslated region of KIT. Downregulation of KIT by specific siRNAs inhibits proliferation and colony formation of CD133(+) hep3B cells, which is similar to inhibitory effects of miR-152. Moreover, exogenous expression of KIT compromises inhibitory effects of miR-152 on cell proliferation and colony formation. Our findings suggest that mir-152 inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation of CD133(+) hep3B cells by targeting KIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Huang
- Clinical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, 524001, Zhanjiang, China
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91
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Wongtrakoongate P. Epigenetic therapy of cancer stem and progenitor cells by targeting DNA methylation machineries. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:137-148. [PMID: 25621113 PMCID: PMC4300924 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i1.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in stem cell biology have shed light on how normal stem and progenitor cells can evolve to acquire malignant characteristics during tumorigenesis. The cancer counterparts of normal stem and progenitor cells might be occurred through alterations of stem cell fates including an increase in self-renewal capability and a decrease in differentiation and/or apoptosis. This oncogenic evolution of cancer stem and progenitor cells, which often associates with aggressive phenotypes of the tumorigenic cells, is controlled in part by dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms including aberrant DNA methylation leading to abnormal epigenetic memory. Epigenetic therapy by targeting DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) 1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B via 5-Azacytidine (Aza) and 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine (Aza-dC) has proved to be successful toward treatment of hematologic neoplasms especially for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. In this review, I summarize the current knowledge of mechanisms underlying the inhibition of DNA methylation by Aza and Aza-dC, and of their apoptotic- and differentiation-inducing effects on cancer stem and progenitor cells in leukemia, medulloblastoma, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer and testicular germ cell tumors. Since cancer stem and progenitor cells are implicated in cancer aggressiveness such as tumor formation, progression, metastasis and recurrence, I propose that effective therapeutic strategies might be achieved through eradication of cancer stem and progenitor cells by targeting the DNA methylation machineries to interfere their “malignant memory”.
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92
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Cheng FHC, Aguda BD, Tsai JC, Kochańczyk M, Lin JMJ, Chen GCW, Lai HC, Nephew KP, Hwang TW, Chan MWY. A mathematical model of bimodal epigenetic control of miR-193a in ovarian cancer stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116050. [PMID: 25545504 PMCID: PMC4278842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data indicate that cancer stem cells contribute to tumor chemoresistance and their persistence alters clinical outcome. Our previous study has shown that ovarian cancer may be initiated by ovarian cancer initiating cells (OCIC) characterized by surface antigen CD44 and c-KIT (CD117). It has been experimentally demonstrated that a microRNA, namely miR-193a, targets c-KIT mRNA for degradation and could play a crucial role in ovarian cancer development. How miR-193a is regulated is poorly understood and the emerging picture is complex. To unravel this complexity, we propose a mathematical model to explore how estrogen-mediated up-regulation of another target of miR-193a, namely E2F6, can attenuate the function of miR-193a in two ways, one through a competition of E2F6 and c-KIT transcripts for miR-193a, and second by binding of E2F6 protein, in association with a polycomb complex, to the promoter of miR-193a to down-regulate its transcription. Our model predicts that this bimodal control increases the expression of c-KIT and that the second mode of epigenetic regulation is required to generate a switching behavior in c-KIT and E2F6 expressions. Additional analysis of the TCGA ovarian cancer dataset demonstrates that ovarian cancer patients with low expression of EZH2, a polycomb-group family protein, show positive correlation between E2F6 and c-KIT. We conjecture that a simultaneous EZH2 inhibition and anti-estrogen therapy can constitute an effective combined therapeutic strategy against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H. C. Cheng
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Je-Chiang Tsai
- Department of Mathematics, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Marek Kochańczyk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jora M. J. Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Gary C. W. Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Tzy-Wei Hwang
- Department of Mathematics, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (MWYC); (TWH)
| | - Michael W. Y. Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (MWYC); (TWH)
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93
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Lindsey S, Langhans SA. Epidermal growth factor signaling in transformed cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 314:1-41. [PMID: 25619714 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB) family play a critical role in normal cell growth and development. However, many ErbB family members, especially EGFR, are aberrantly expressed or deregulated in tumors and are thought to play crucial roles in cancer development and metastatic progression. In this chapter, we provide an overview of key mechanisms contributing to aberrant EGFR/ErbB signaling in transformed cells, which results in many phenotypic changes associated with the earliest stages of tumor formation, including several hallmarks of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). These changes often occur through interaction with other major signaling pathways important to tumor progression, causing a multitude of transcriptional changes that ultimately impact cell morphology, proliferation, and adhesion, all of which are crucial for tumor progression. The resulting mesh of signaling networks will need to be taken into account as new regimens are designed for targeting EGFR for therapeutic intervention. As new insights are gained into the molecular mechanisms of cross talk between EGFR signaling and other signaling pathways, including their roles in therapeutic resistance to anti-EGFR therapies, a continual reassessment of clinical therapeutic regimes and strategies will be required. Understanding the consequences and complexity of EGF signaling and how it relates to tumor progression is critical for the development of clinical compounds and establishing clinical protocols for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Lindsey
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Sigrid A Langhans
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
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Liang H, Liu M, Yan X, Zhou Y, Wang W, Wang X, Fu Z, Wang N, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zen K, Zhang CY, Hou D, Li J, Chen X. miR-193a-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer by down-regulating ERBB4. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:926-40. [PMID: 25391651 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.621409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4, one of four ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family members, plays an important role in the etiology and progression of lung cancer. In this study, we found that the ERBB4 protein levels were consistently up-regulated in lung cancer tissues, whereas the mRNA levels varied randomly, suggesting that a post-transcriptional mechanism was involved in regulating ERBB4 expression. Because microRNAs are powerful post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, we used bioinformatic analyses to search for microRNAs that can potentially target ERBB4. We identified specific targeting sites for miR-193a-3p in the 3'-UTR of ERBB4. We further identified an inverse correlation between miR-193a-3p levels and ERBB4 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, in lung cancer tissue samples. By overexpressing or knocking down miR-193a-3p in lung cancer cells, we experimentally confirmed that miR-193a-3p directly recognizes the 3'-UTR of the ERBB4 transcript and regulates ERBB4 expression. Furthermore, the biological consequences of the targeting of ERBB4 by miR-193a-3p were examined in vitro via cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis assays and in vivo using a mouse xenograft tumor model. We demonstrated that the repression of ERBB4 by miR-193a-3p suppressed proliferation and invasion and promoted apoptosis in lung cancer cells and that miR-193a-3p exerted an anti-tumor effect by negatively regulating ERBB4 in xenograft mice. Taken together, our findings provide the first clues regarding the role of miR-193a-3p as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer through the inhibition of ERBB4 translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Xin Yan
- the Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China, and
| | - Yong Zhou
- the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Wengong Wang
- the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Zheng Fu
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Nan Wang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Suyang Zhang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Ke Zen
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Dongxia Hou
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China,
| | - Jing Li
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China,
| | - Xi Chen
- From the Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China,
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95
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Deng H, Lv L, Li Y, Zhang C, Meng F, Pu Y, Xiao J, Qian L, Zhao W, Liu Q, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhang H, He Y, Zhu J. miR-193a-3p regulates the multi-drug resistance of bladder cancer by targeting the LOXL4 gene and the oxidative stress pathway. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:234. [PMID: 25311867 PMCID: PMC4200202 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance is a major obstacle to the curative cancer chemotherapy and presents one of the most formidable challenges in both research and management of cancer. Results From the detailed studies of a multi-chemosensitive (5637) versus a chemoresistant (H-bc) bladder cancer cell lines, we showed that miR-193a-3p [GenBank: NR_029710.1] promotes the multi-chemoresistance of bladder cancer cells. We further demonstrated that lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4) gene [GenBank: NM_032211.6] is a direct target of miR-193a-3p and executes the former’s impact on bladder cancer chemoresistance. The Oxidative Stress pathway activity is drastically affected by a forced reversal of miR-193a-3p or LOXL4 levels in cell and may act at the downstream of LOXL4 gene to relay the miR-193a-3p’s impact on the multi-chemoresistance in both cultured cells and the tumor xenografts in nude mice. Conclusions In addition to a new mechanistic insight, our results provide a set of the essential genes in this newly identified miR-193a-3p/LOXL4/Oxidative Stress axis as the diagnostic targets for a guided anti-bladder cancer chemotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-234) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jingde Zhu
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.
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96
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Zhang P, Ji DB, Han HB, Shi YF, Du CZ, Gu J. Downregulation of miR-193a-5p correlates with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:12241-12248. [PMID: 25232258 PMCID: PMC4161809 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the correlation of miR-193a-5p with lymph node metastasis and postoperative survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
METHODS: A total of 304 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens (69 paired cancer and normal tissues, 55 primary tumors of stage III CRC and matched lymph nodes, and 56 primary tumors of stage II CRC) were included in this study. The relative expression levels of miR-193a-5p in the normal mucosa, primary cancer, and metastatic lymph node lesions were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We evaluated the association of its expression with colorectal cancer lymph node metastasis, clinicopathological factors, and patient survival.
RESULTS: The relative expression level of miR-193a-5p was significantly lower in CRC tissues than in the normal mucosa (P = 0.0060). The expression levels of miR-193a-5p were lower in primary CRC tissues with lymph node metastases than in those without metastases (P = 0.0006), and decreased expression of miR-193a-5p correlated with advanced lymph node metastatic stage (P = 0.0007). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with low miR-193a-5p expression had decreased disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.0026) and poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0003). Interestingly, for the group of patients with lymph node metastases, miR-193a-5p expression was also related to survival. Patients with low miR-193a-5p expression had decreased DFS (P = 0.0262) and poor OS (P = 0.0230). Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated that downregulation of miR-193a-5p was an independent predictor of poor OS.
CONCLUSION: Downregulation of miR-193a-5p correlates with lymph node metastasis and poor survival of CRC. miR-193a-5p may be a useful biomarker for CRC diagnosis, metastasis and prognosis prediction.
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97
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Lv L, Deng H, Li Y, Zhang C, Liu X, Liu Q, Zhang D, Wang L, Pu Y, Zhang H, He Y, Wang Y, Yu Y, Yu T, Zhu J. The DNA methylation-regulated miR-193a-3p dictates the multi-chemoresistance of bladder cancer via repression of SRSF2/PLAU/HIC2 expression. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1402. [PMID: 25188512 PMCID: PMC4540198 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance hinders the curative cancer chemotherapy. To define the role of the DNA methylation-regulated microRNA (miR) genes in the chemoresistance of bladder cancer, we performed both DNA methylomic and miRomic analyses of a multi-chemosensitive (5637) versus a multi-chemoresistant (H-bc) cell line and found that miR-193a-3p is hypermethylated/silenced in 5637 and hypomethylated/expressed in H-bc cells. A forced reversal of its level turned around the chemoresistance in the cultured cells and the tumor xenografts in nude mice. Three of its targets: SRSF2, PLAU and HIC2, work in concert to relay the miR-193a-3p's impact on the bladder cancer chemoresistance by modulating the activities of the following five signaling pathways: DNA damage, Notch, NF-κB, Myc/Max, and Oxidative Stress. In addition to the mechanistic insights in how the newly identified miR-193a-3p/SRSF2,PLAU,HIC2/five signaling pathway axis regulates the chemoresistance of bladder cancer cells, our study provides a new set of diagnostic targets for the guided personalized chemotherapy of bladder cancer.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/toxicity
- Base Sequence
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- DNA Damage
- DNA Methylation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress
- Plasminogen Activators/antagonists & inhibitors
- Plasminogen Activators/genetics
- Plasminogen Activators/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Ribonucleoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ribonucleoproteins/genetics
- Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism
- Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lv
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - H Deng
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, MHBI (Shanghai) Biotech Inc., GuiPing Road 333, Building 4/104, Shanghai Juke Biotech Park, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - L Wang
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y Pu
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - H Zhang
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y He
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - T Yu
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - J Zhu
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China
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98
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Siemens H, Jackstadt R, Kaller M, Hermeking H. Repression of c-Kit by p53 is mediated by miR-34 and is associated with reduced chemoresistance, migration and stemness. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1399-415. [PMID: 24009080 PMCID: PMC3824539 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Kit receptor tyrosine kinase is commonly over-expressed in different types of cancer. p53 activation is known to result in the down-regulation of c-Kit. However, the underlying mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we show that the p53-induced miR-34 microRNA family mediates repression of c-Kit by p53 via a conserved seed-matching sequence in the c-Kit 3'-UTR. Ectopic miR-34a resulted in a decrease in Erk signaling and transformation, which was dependent on the down-regulation of c-Kit expression. Furthermore, ectopic expression of c-Kit conferred resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), whereas ectopic miR-34a sensitized the cells to 5-FU. After stimulation with c-Kit ligand/stem cell factor (SCF) Colo320 CRC cells displayed increased migration/invasion, whereas ectopic miR-34a inhibited SCF-induced migration/invasion. Activation of a conditional c-Kit allele induced several stemness markers in DLD-1 CRC cells. In primary CRC samples elevated c-Kit expression also showed a positive correlation with markers of stemness, such as Lgr5, CD44, OLFM4, BMI-1 and β-catenin. On the contrary, activation of a conditional miR-34a allele in DLD-1 cells diminished the expression of c-Kit and several stemness markers (CD44, Lgr5 and BMI-1) and suppressed sphere formation. MiR-34a also suppressed enhanced sphere-formation after exposure to SCF. Taken together, our data establish c-Kit as a new direct target of miR-34 and demonstrate that this regulation interferes with several c-Kit-mediated effects on cancer cells. Therefore, this regulation may be potentially relevant for future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Siemens
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, D-80337 Munich, Germany
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99
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Goh LK, Liem N, Vijayaraghavan A, Chen G, Lim PL, Tay KJ, Chang M, Low JSW, Joshi A, Huang HH, Kalaw E, Tan PH, Hsieh WS, Yong WP, Alumkal J, Sim HG. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of a DNA hypermethylated gene signature in prostate cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91666. [PMID: 24626295 PMCID: PMC3953552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify a prostate cancer DNA hypermethylation microarray signature (denoted as PHYMA) that differentiates prostate cancer from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), high from low-grade and lethal from non-lethal cancers. This is a non-randomized retrospective study in 111 local Asian men (87 prostate cancers and 24 BPH) treated from 1995 to 2009 in our institution. Archival prostate epithelia were laser-capture microdissected and genomic DNA extracted and bisulfite-converted. Samples were profiled using Illumina GoldenGate Methylation microarray, with raw data processed by GenomeStudio. A classification model was generated using support vector machine, consisting of a 55-probe DNA methylation signature of 46 genes. The model was independently validated on an internal testing dataset which yielded cancer detection sensitivity and specificity of 95.3% and 100% respectively, with overall accuracy of 96.4%. Second validation on another independent western cohort yielded 89.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity, with overall accuracy of 88.7%. A PHYMA score was developed for each sample based on the state of methylation in the PHYMA signature. Increasing PHYMA score was significantly associated with higher Gleason score and Gleason primary grade. Men with higher PHYMA scores have poorer survival on univariate (p = 0.0038, HR = 3.89) and multivariate analyses when controlled for (i) clinical stage (p = 0.055, HR = 2.57), and (ii) clinical stage and Gleason score (p = 0.043, HR = 2.61). We further performed bisulfite genomic sequencing on 2 relatively unknown genes to demonstrate robustness of the assay results. PHYMA is thus a signature with high sensitivity and specificity for discriminating tumors from BPH, and has a potential role in early detection and in predicting survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Kee Goh
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (LKG); (HGS)
| | - Natalia Liem
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aadhitthya Vijayaraghavan
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gengbo Chen
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Li Lim
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kae-Jack Tay
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michelle Chang
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Soon Wah Low
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adita Joshi
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Hong Huang
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emarene Kalaw
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen-Son Hsieh
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Peng Yong
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshi Alumkal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Hong Gee Sim
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (LKG); (HGS)
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100
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Fu L, Huang W, Jing Y, Jiang M, Zhao Y, Shi J, Huang S, Xue X, Zhang Q, Tang J, Dou L, Wang L, Nervi C, Li Y, Yu L. AML1-ETO triggers epigenetic activation of early growth response gene l, inducing apoptosis in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia. FEBS J 2014; 281:1123-31. [PMID: 24314118 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it gives rise to acute myeloid gene 1 (AML1)-myeloid transforming gene 8 (ETO)-positive AML, which has a relatively favorable prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism related to a favorable prognosis in AML1-ETO-positive AML is still not fully understood. Our results show that the AML1-ETO fusion protein triggered activation of early growth response gene l (EGR1) by binding at AML1-binding sites on the EGR1 promoter and, subsequently, recruiting acetyltransferase P300, which is known to acetylate histones. However, AML1-ETO could not recruit DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases; therefore, EGR1 expression was affected by histone acetylation but not by DNA methylation. Both transcription and translation of EGR1 were higher in AML1-ETO-positive AML cell lines than in AML1-ETO-negative AML cell lines, owing to acetylation. Furthermore, when AML1-ETO-positive AML cell lines were treated with C646 (P300 inhibitor) and trichostatin A (histone deacetylase inhibitor), EGR1 expression was significantly decreased and increased, respectively. In addition, treatment with 5-azacytidine (methyltransferase inhibitor) did not cause any significant change in EGR1 expression. Overexpression of EGR1 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, and EGR1 knockout promoted cell proliferation. Thus, EGR1 could be a novel prognostic factor for a favorable outcome in AML1-ETO-positive AML. The results of our study may explain the molecular mechanisms underlying the favorable prognosis in AML1-ETO-positive AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
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