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Chow R, Mok DKW. A theoretical study of the addition of CH 2OO to hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide and its implications on SO 3 formation in the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14130-14141. [PMID: 32542295 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00961j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP, HOCH2OOH) with the simplest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, has been examined using quantum chemical methods with transition state theory. Geometry optimization and IRC calculations were performed using the M06-2X, MN15-L, and B2PLYP-D3 functionals in conjunction with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Single point energy calculations using QCISD(T) and BD(T) with the same basis set have been performed to determine the energy of reactants, reactive complexes, transition states, and products. Rate coefficients have been obtained using variational transition state theory. The addition of CH2OO on the three different oxygen atoms in HMHP has been considered and the ether oxide forming channel, CH2OO + HOCH2OOH → HOCH2O(O)CH2OOH (channel 2), is the most favorable. The best computed standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔH) and zero-point corrected barrier height are -20.02 and -6.33 kcal mol-1, respectively. The reaction barrier is negative and our results suggest that both the inner and outer transition states contribute to the corresponding overall reactive flux in the tropospheric temperature range (220 K to 320 K). A two-transition state model has been used to obtain reliable rate coefficients at the high-pressure limit. The pressure-dependent rate coefficient calculations using the SS-QRRK theory have shown that this channel is pressure-dependent. Moreover, our investigation has shown that the ether oxide formed may rapidly react with SO2 at 298 K to form SO3, which can, in turn, react with water to form atmospheric H2SO4. A similar calculation has been conducted for the reaction of HMHP with OH, suggesting that the titled reaction may be a significant sink of HMHP. Therefore, the reaction between CH2OO and HOCH2OOH could be an indirect source for generating atmospheric H2SO4, which is crucial to the formation of clouds, and it might relieve global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
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52
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Du B, Zhang W. Theoretical Insight into the Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics for the Criegee Intermediate of anti-PhCHOO with SO2. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133041. [PMID: 32635243 PMCID: PMC7412395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the density functional theory (DFT) and CCSD(T) method have been performed to gain insight into the possible products and detailed reaction mechanism of the Criegee intermediate (CI) of anti-PhCHOO with SO2 for the first time. The potential energy surfaces (PESs) have been depicted at the UCCSD(T)/6-311++G(d,p)//UB3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory with ZPE correction. Two different five-membered ring adducts, viz., endo PhCHOOS(O)O (IM1) and exo PhCHOOS(O)O (IM2) have been found in the entrance of reaction channels. Both direct and indirect reaction pathways from IM1 and IM2 have been considered for the title reaction. Our calculations show that the formation of PhCHO+SO3 (P1) via indirect reaction pathways from IM1 is predominant in all the pathways, and the production of P1 via direct dissociation pathway of IM1 and indirect reaction pathways of IM2 cannot be neglected. Moreover, PhCOOH+SO2 (P2) initiated from IM2 is identified as the minor product. According to the kinetic calculation, the total rate constant for the anti-PhCHOO+SO2 reaction is estimated to be 6.98 × 10−10 cm3·molecule−1·s−1 at 298 K.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weichao Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-516-8340-3165; Fax: +86-516-8340-3164
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53
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Guo X, Ma F, Liu C, Niu J, He N, Chen J, Xie HB. Atmospheric oxidation mechanism and kinetics of isoprene initiated by chlorine radicals: A computational study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136330. [PMID: 31931210 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The reaction with chlorine radicals (·Cl) has been considered to be one of indispensable sinks for isoprene. However, the mechanism of ·Cl initiated isoprene reaction was not fully understood. Herein, the reaction of isoprene with ·Cl, and ensuing reactions of the resulting isoprene relevant radicals were investigated by combined quantum chemistry calculations and kinetics modeling. The results indicate that ·Cl addition to two terminal C-atoms of two double bonds of isoprene, forming IM1-1 and IM1-4, are more favorable than H-abstractions from isoprene. Interestingly, the predicted reaction rate constant for the direct H-abstraction pathway is much lower than that of the indirect one, clarifying a direct H-abstraction mechanism for previously experimental observation. The IM1-1 and IM1-4 have distinct fate in their subsequent transformation. The reaction of IM1-1 ends after the one-time O2 addition. However, IM1-4 can follow auto-oxidation mechanism with two times O2 addition to finally form highly oxidized multi-functional molecules (HOMs), C5H7ClO3 and ·OH. More importantly, the estimated contribution of ·Cl on HOMs (monomer only) formation from isoprene is lower than that of ·OH in addition pathway, implying overall HOMs yield from atmospheric isoprene oxidation could be overestimated if the role of ·Cl in transforming isoprene is ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals & School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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54
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Association of Cl with C 2H 2 by unified variable-reaction-coordinate and reaction-path variational transition-state theory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5610-5616. [PMID: 32123079 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920018117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrierless unimolecular association reactions are prominent in atmospheric and combustion mechanisms but are challenging for both experiment and kinetics theory. A key datum for understanding the pressure dependence of association and dissociation reactions is the high-pressure limit, but this is often available experimentally only by extrapolation. Here we calculate the high-pressure limit for the addition of a chlorine atom to acetylene molecule (Cl + C2H2→C2H2Cl). This reaction has outer and inner transition states in series; the outer transition state is barrierless, and it is necessary to use different theoretical frameworks to treat the two kinds of transition state. Here we study the reaction in the high-pressure limit using multifaceted variable-reaction-coordinate variational transition-state theory (VRC-VTST) at the outer transition state and reaction-path variational transition state theory (RP-VTST) at the inner turning point; then we combine the results with the canonical unified statistical (CUS) theory. The calculations are based on a density functional validated against the W3X-L method, which is based on coupled cluster theory with single, double, and triple excitations and a quasiperturbative treatment of connected quadruple excitations [CCSDT(Q)], and the computed rate constants are in good agreement with some of the experimental results. The chlorovinyl (C2H2Cl) adduct has two isomers that are equilibrium structures of a double-well C≡C-H bending potential. Two procedures are used to calculate the vibrational partition function of chlorovinyl; one treats the two isomers separately and the other solves the anharmonic energy levels of the double well. We use these results to calculate the standard-state free energy and equilibrium constant of the reaction.
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Shen J, Xie HB, Elm J, Ma F, Chen J, Vehkamäki H. Methanesulfonic Acid-driven New Particle Formation Enhanced by Monoethanolamine: A Computational Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14387-14397. [PMID: 31710478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Amines are recognized as significant enhancing species on methanesulfonic acid (MSA)-driven new particle formation (NPF). Monoethanolamine (MEA) has been detected in the atmosphere, and its concentration could be significantly increased once MEA-based postcombustion CO2 capture technology is widely implemented. Here, we evaluated the enhancing potential of MEA on MSA-driven NPF by examining the formation of MEA-MSA clusters using a combination of quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling. The results indicate that the -OH group of MEA can form at least one hydrogen bond with MSA or MEA in all MEA-containing clusters. The enhancing potential of MEA is higher than that of the strongest enhancing agent known so far, methylamine (MA), for MSA-driven NPF. Such high enhancing potential can be ascribed to not only the higher gas-phase basicity but also the role of the additional -OH group of MEA in increasing the binding free energy by forming additional hydrogen bonds. This clarifies the importance of hydrogen-bonding capacity from the nonamino group of amines in enhancing MSA-driven NPF. The main growth pathway for MEA-MSA clusters proceeds via the initial formation of the (MEA)1(MSA)1 cluster, followed by alternately adding one MSA and one MEA molecule, differing from the case of MA-MSA clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry and iClimate , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140 , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Hanna Vehkamäki
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
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A Barrierless Pathway Accessing the C 9H 9 and C 9H 8 Potential Energy Surfaces via the Elementary Reaction of Benzene with 1-Propynyl. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17595. [PMID: 31772216 PMCID: PMC6879741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crossed molecular beams reactions of the 1-propynyl radical (CH3CC; X2A1) with benzene (C6H6; X1A1g) and D6-benzene (C6D6; X1A1g) were conducted to explore the formation of C9H8 isomers under single-collision conditions. The underlying reaction mechanisms were unravelled through the combination of the experimental data with electronic structure and statistical RRKM calculations. These data suggest the formation of 1-phenyl-1-propyne (C6H5CCCH3) via the barrierless addition of 1-propynyl to benzene forming a low-lying doublet C9H9 intermediate that dissociates by hydrogen atom emission via a tight transition state. In accordance with our experiments, RRKM calculations predict that the thermodynamically most stable isomer – the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) indene – is not formed via this reaction. With all barriers lying below the energy of the reactants, this reaction is viable in the cold interstellar medium where several methyl-substituted molecules have been detected. Its underlying mechanism therefore advances our understanding of how methyl-substituted hydrocarbons can be formed under extreme conditions such as those found in the molecular cloud TMC-1. Implications for the chemistry of the 1-propynyl radical in astrophysical environments are also discussed.
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57
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Blázquez S, González D, García-Sáez A, Antiñolo M, Bergeat A, Caralp F, Mereau R, Canosa A, Ballesteros B, Albaladejo J, Jiménez E. Experimental and theoretical investigation on the OH + CH 3C(O)CH 3 reaction at interstellar temperatures (T=11.7-64.4 K). ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2019; 3:1873-1883. [PMID: 31799490 PMCID: PMC6887536 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rate coefficient, k(T), for the gas-phase reaction between OH radicals and acetone CH3C(O)CH3, has been measured using the pulsed CRESU (French acronym for Reaction Kinetics in a Uniform Supersonic Flow) technique (T = 11.7-64.4 K). The temperature dependence of k(T = 10-300 K) has also been computed using a RRKM-Master equation analysis after partial revision of the potential energy surface. In agreement with previous studies we found that the reaction proceeds via initial formation of two pre-reactive complexes both leading to H2O + CH3C(O)CH2 by H-abstraction tunneling. The experimental k(T) was found to increase as temperature was lowered. The measured values have been found to be several orders of magnitude higher than k(300 K). This trend is reproduced by calculations, with a special good agreement with experiments below 25 K. The effect of total gas density on k(T) has been explored. Experimentally, no pressure dependence of k(20 K) and k(64 K) was observed, while k(50 K) at the largest gas density 4.47×1017 cm-3 is twice higher than the average values found at lower densities. The computed k(T) is also reported for 103 cm-3 of He (representative of the interstellar medium). The predicted rate coefficients at 10 K surround the experimental value which appears to be very close to the low pressure regime prevailing in the interstellar medium. For gas-phase model chemistry of interstellar molecular clouds, we suggest using the calculated value of 1.8×10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 10 K and the reaction products are water and CH3C(O)CH2 radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Blázquez
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Daniel González
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Alberto García-Sáez
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María Antiñolo
- Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA). Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Astrid Bergeat
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Françoise Caralp
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Raphaël Mereau
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - André Canosa
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes) - UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Bernabé Ballesteros
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA). Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA). Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Elena Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 1B. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA). Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n. 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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58
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Tsona NT, Tang S, Du L. Impact of water on the BrO + HO 2 gas-phase reaction: mechanism, kinetics and products. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20296-20307. [PMID: 31495844 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03612a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The BrO + HO2 reaction, which participates in the cycle of ozone removal via BrOH formation, was explored both in the absence and in the presence of water using ab initio calculations. Two main sets of products, (i) HBr + O3 and (ii) BrOH + O2, are formed regardless of the presence of water, following a hydrogen abstraction mechanism. The HBr + O3 products are formed from the intermediate BrOOOH adduct, whereas BrOH + O2 are formed either from the intermediate OBrOOH adduct or via a barrierless hydrogen transfer from HO2 to BrO. Owing to the formation of molecular oxygen that can bear different spin configurations, the formation of BrOH + O2 products was examined both on the singlet and the triplet surfaces. Under relevant atmospheric temperatures and pressure, the formation of products (i) is energetically and kinetically less favorable than that of products (ii). The rate coefficient at 298 K for the HBr + O3 formation was determined to be 2.00 × 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and found to decrease by 1-2 orders of magnitude when one or both reactants are clustered with water. For the formation of BrOH + O2, a rate coefficient of 2.21 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 is determined on both singlet and triplet surfaces in the absence of water. Though this rate coefficient slightly decreases for the hydrated reactions, the fractions of the reactants that are effectively complexed with water are not high enough to shift the overall BrOH + O2 formation rate. The current study further indicates that humidity plays a negligible role in ozone removal via the BrO + HO2 reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcisse T Tsona
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao 266237, China
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59
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Lockhart JPA, Gross EC, Sears TJ, Hall GE. Kinetic study of the OH + ethylene reaction using frequency‐modulated laser absorption spectroscopy. INT J CHEM KINET 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eisen C. Gross
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
| | - Trevor J. Sears
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York
- Department of ChemistryStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
| | - Gregory E. Hall
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York
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Wang L, Liu Y, Wang L. Ozonolysis of 3-carene in the atmosphere. Formation mechanism of hydroxyl radical and secondary ozonides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:8081-8091. [PMID: 30932098 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07195k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase ozonolysis mechanism of 3-carene is investigated using high level quantum chemistry and kinetic calculations. The reaction follows the Criegee mechanism with an initial addition of O3 to the [double bond splayed left]C[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond splayed right] bond, followed by a chain of unimolecular isomerizations, as 3-carene + O3→ POZs (primary ozonides) → CIs (Criegee intermediates, 4 conformers) → Ps (products). In the course of the reaction, a large excess of energy retained in the POZs* lead to the prompt unimolecular processes in POZs*, CIs*, and Ps*, and only ∼4% of CIs* could be stabilized by collision at 298 K and 760 Torr. From RRKM-ME calculations, the VHPs* could further dissociate to vinoxy-type radical and OH radical, the SOZs* could isomerize to 3-caronic acid, and DIOs* could be stabilized via collision. The fractional yield of OH radical, in the range of 0.56 to 0.59, agrees reasonably well with the previously measured value of 1.06 (with an uncertainty factor of 1.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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61
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Xu X, Sturm S, Zavasnik J, Rozman KZ. Electrodeposition of a Rare‐Earth Iron Alloy from an Ionic‐Liquid Electrolyte. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- Department for Nanostructured MaterialsJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Saso Sturm
- Department for Nanostructured MaterialsJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Janez Zavasnik
- Department for Nanostructured MaterialsJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Kristina Z. Rozman
- Department for Nanostructured MaterialsJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova 39 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
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62
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Xu B, Garrec J, Nicolle A, Matrat M, Catoire L. Temperature and Pressure Dependent Rate Coefficients for the Reaction of Ketene with Hydroxyl Radical. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:2483-2496. [PMID: 30852895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of ketene with hydroxyl radical is drawing growing attention, for it is found to constitute an important step during the combustion of hydrocarbon and oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels, e.g., acetylene, propyne, allene, acetone, gasoline, diesel, jet fuels, and biofuels. We studied the potential energy surface (PES) of this reaction using B2PLYP-D3/cc-PVTZ for geometry optimization and composite methods based on CCSD(T)-F12/cc-PVTZ-F12 for energy calculations. From this PES, temperature- and pressure-dependent rate coefficients and branching ratios at 200-3000 K and 0.01-100 atm were derived using the RRKM/ME approach. The reaction is dominated by four product channels: (i) OH addition on the olefinic carbon of ketene to form CH2OH + CO, which is the most dominant under all conditions; (ii) H abstraction producing HCCO + H2O, which is favored at high temperatures; (iii) OH addition on the carbonyl carbon to form CH3 + CO2, which is favored at low pressures and high temperatures; and (iv) collisional stabilization of CH2COOH, which is favored at high pressures and low temperatures. With increasing temperatures, the overall rate constant koverall exhibit first negative but then positive temperature dependency, with its switching point (also the minimum point) at ∼400 K. Both product channel CH2OH + CO and HCCO + H2O are independent of pressure, whereas formation of CH3 + CO2 and collisional stabilization of CH2COOH are highly pressure dependent. Fitted modified Arrhenius expressions of the calculated rate constants are provided for the purpose of combustion modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Xu
- Unité Chimie et Procédés (UCP) , ENSTA ParisTech , 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux , 91120 Palaiseau , France
| | - Julian Garrec
- Unité Chimie et Procédés (UCP) , ENSTA ParisTech , 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux , 91120 Palaiseau , France
| | - André Nicolle
- Unité Chimie et Procédés (UCP) , ENSTA ParisTech , 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux , 91120 Palaiseau , France
| | - Mickaël Matrat
- IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN) , 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau , 92852 Rueil-Malmaison , France
| | - Laurent Catoire
- Unité Chimie et Procédés (UCP) , ENSTA ParisTech , 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux , 91120 Palaiseau , France
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63
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsugi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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64
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65
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Mai TVT, Huynh LK. Comment on “Atmospheric oxidation reactions of imidazole initiated by hydroxyl radicals: kinetics and mechanism of reactions and atmospheric implications” by Safaei et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 8445. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:21162-21165. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02187f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This communication resolves the disagreement in the chemical kinetics of the imidazole + OH reaction using a more rigorous master equation/Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus rate model on a more comprehensive potential energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam V.-T. Mai
- Molecular Science and Nano-Materials Lab
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology
- SBI Building
- Quang Trung Software City
- Tan Chanh Hiep Ward
| | - Lam K. Huynh
- International University
- Vietnam National University – HCMC
- Quarter 6
- Linh Trung Ward
- Thu Duc District
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66
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Shang Y, Ning H, Shi J, Wang H, Luo SN. Benchmarking dual-level MS-Tor and DLPNO-CCSD(T) methods for H-abstraction from methyl pentanoate by an OH radical. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20857-20867. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03832a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methyl pentanoate (MP) was recently proposed as a potential biodiesel surrogate due to its negative temperature coefficient region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Shang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Ning
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Jinchun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Nian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
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67
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Mai TVT, Nguyen HT, Huynh LK. Ab initio dynamics of hydrogen abstraction from N2H4 by OH radicals: an RRKM-based master equation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23733-23741. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04585f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The detailed kinetic mechanism of the N2H4 + OH reaction is comprehensively reported for a wide condition range of conditions (i.e., 200–3000 K & 1–7600 Torr) using the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,2p) level and the RRKM-based master equation rate model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam V.-T. Mai
- Molecular Science and Nano-Materials Lab
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
- University of Science
| | - Hieu T. Nguyen
- Molecular Science and Nano-Materials Lab
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
| | - Lam K. Huynh
- International University
- Vietnam National University – HCMC
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
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68
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Mazarei E, Hosein Mousavipour S. Theoretical Study on the Dynamics and Kinetics of the Reaction of CH 2OH with OH. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9761-9777. [PMID: 30508487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The stochastic one-dimensional chemical master equation (CME) simulation method was used to investigate the dynamics of the reaction of CH2OH with OH. A multiwell multichannel potential energy surface (PES) was constructed at the CCSD(T)/Aug-cc-pVTZ//CBS-QB3 and QCISD(T)/Aug-cc-pVTZ//CBS-QB3 levels of theory. The constructed PES consisted of three chemically activated intermediates and two van der Waals complexes. The fractional population analysis unraveled the role of the energized intermediates and van der Waals complexes in the early stages of this complex reaction. The CME calculations provided the phenomenological rate constants through analysis of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of collision matrices while Leonard-Jones potential was used to model the collisions. The CME results indicated that CH2O and H2O were the major products, in accordance with the literature. Also, the findings declared the temperature and pressure independence of the reaction over a wide range of temperature (250 to 2400 K) and pressure (0.1 to 7 atm). Furthermore, the efficiency of tunneling on the hydrogen transfer isomerization reaction of trans-HCOH to CH2O was confirmed over the temperature range of 250 to 3000 K. The rate constants for different reaction channels are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Mazarei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran
| | - S Hosein Mousavipour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
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69
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Mangan TP, McAdam N, Daly SM, Plane JMC. Kinetic Study of Ni and NiO Reactions Pertinent to the Earth’s Upper Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2018; 123:601-610. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shane M. Daly
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
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70
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Wang L, Wang L. Atmospheric Oxidation Mechanism of Sabinene Initiated by the Hydroxyl Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8783-8793. [PMID: 30351098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The atmospheric oxidation mechanism of sabinene initiated by the OH radical has been studied using quantum chemistry calculations at the CBS-QB3 level and reaction kinetic calculations using transition state theory and unimolecular rate theory coupled with collisional energy transfer. The oxidation is initiated by OH radical additions to the CH2═C< bond with a branching ratio of ∼(92-96)%, while all the hydrogen atom abstractions count for ∼(4-8)% of branching ratio, which was estimated by comparing the rate coefficients of the reactions of sabinene and sabinaketon with the OH radical. Addition of OH to the ═C< carbon forms radical adduct Ra, while addition of OH to the terminal CH2═ carbon forms radical adduct Rb, which would break the three-membered ring promptly and almost completely to radical Re. RRKM-ME calculations obtained fractional yields of 0.40, 0.09, and 0.51 for radicals syn-Ra, anti-Ra, and Re, respectively, at 298 K and 760 Torr. In the atmosphere, the syn/ anti-Ra radical would ultimately transform to sabinaketone in the presence of ppbv levels of NO, while in the transformation of the Re radical, both bimolecular reactions and unimolecular H-migrations could occur competitively for the peroxy radicals formed. The H-migrations in peroxy radicals result in the formation of unsaturated multifunctional compounds containing >C═O, -OH, and/or -OOH groups. Formation of sabinaketone from syn- and anti-Ra and formation of acetone from Re are predicted with yields of ∼0.37 and ∼0.38 in the presence of high NO, being larger than while in reasonable agreement with the experimental values of 0.19-0.23 and of 0.21-0.27, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road , Guangzhou , China 510640
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road , Guangzhou , China 510640.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China 510006
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71
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Ma F, Ding Z, Elm J, Xie HB, Yu Q, Liu C, Li C, Fu Z, Zhang L, Chen J. Atmospheric Oxidation of Piperazine Initiated by ·Cl: Unexpected High Nitrosamine Yield. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:9801-9809. [PMID: 30063348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine radicals (·Cl) initiated amine oxidation plays an important role for the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamine in the atmosphere. Piperazine (PZ) is considered as a potential atmospheric pollutant since it is an alternative solvent to monoethanolamine (MEA), a benchmark solvent in a leading CO2 capture technology. Here, we employed quantum chemical methods and kinetics modeling to investigate ·Cl-initiated atmospheric oxidation of PZ, particularly concerning the potential of PZ to form nitrosamine compared to MEA. Results showed that the ·Cl-initiated PZ reaction exclusively leads to N-center radicals (PZ-N) that mainly react with NO to produce nitrosamine in their further reaction with O2/NO. Together with the PZ + ·OH reaction, the PZ-N yield from PZ oxidation is still lower than that of the corresponding MEA reactions. However, the nitrosamine yield of PZ is higher than the reported value for MEA when [NO] is <5 ppb, a concentration commonly encountered in a polluted urban atmosphere. The unexpected high nitrosamine yield from PZ compared to MEA results from a more favorable reaction of N-center radicals with NO compared to O2. These findings show that the yield of N-center radicals cannot directly be used as a metric for the yield of the corresponding carcinogenic nitrosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Zhezheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry and Climate , Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000 , Denmark
| | - Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Cong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Chao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment , Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130117 , China
| | - Zhiqiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
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72
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Zhang YJ, Khorshidi A, Kastlunger G, Peterson AA. The potential for machine learning in hybrid QM/MM calculations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:241740. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5029879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Alireza Khorshidi
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Georg Kastlunger
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Andrew A. Peterson
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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73
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Loreau J, Faure A, Lique F. Scattering of CO with H2O: Statistical and classical alternatives to close-coupling calculations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:244308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5036819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Loreau
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) CP 160/09, 50 Ave. F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- LOMC—UMR 6294, Normandie Université, Université du Havre and CNRS, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 1123, 76063 Le Havre Cedex, France
| | - A. Faure
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - F. Lique
- LOMC—UMR 6294, Normandie Université, Université du Havre and CNRS, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 1123, 76063 Le Havre Cedex, France
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74
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Baasandorj M, Marshall P, Waterland RL, Ravishankara AR, Burkholder JB. Rate Coefficient Measurements and Theoretical Analysis of the OH + ( E)-CF 3CH═CHCF 3 Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4635-4646. [PMID: 29694043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rate coefficients, k, for the gas-phase reaction of the OH radical with ( E)-CF3CH═CHCF3 (( E)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, HFO-1336mzz(E)) were measured over a range of temperatures (211-374 K) and bath gas pressures (20-300 Torr; He, N2) using a pulsed laser photolysis-laser-induced fluorescence (PLP-LIF) technique. k1( T) was independent of pressure over this range of conditions with k1(296 K) = (1.31 ± 0.15) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and k1( T) = (6.94 ± 0.80) × 10-13exp[-(496 ± 10)/ T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1, where the uncertainties are 2σ, and the pre-exponential term includes estimated systematic error. Rate coefficients for the OD reaction were also determined over a range of temperatures (262-374 K) at 100 Torr (He). The OD rate coefficients were ∼15% greater than the OH values and showed similar temperature dependent behavior with k2( T) = (7.52 ± 0.44) × 10-13exp[-(476 ± 20)/ T] and k2(296 K) = (1.53 ± 0.15) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The rate coefficients for reaction 1 were also measured using a relative rate technique between 296 and 375 K with k1(296 K) measured to be (1.22 ± 0.1) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, in agreement with the PLP-LIF results. In addition, the 296 K rate coefficient for the O3 + ( E)-CF3CH═CHCF3 reaction was determined to be <5.2 × 10-22 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. A theoretical computational analysis is presented to interpret the observed positive temperature dependence for the addition reaction and the significant decrease in OH reactivity compared to the ( Z)-CF3CH═CHCF3 stereoisomer reaction. The estimated atmospheric lifetime of ( E)-CF3CH═CHCF3, due to loss by reaction with OH, is estimated to be ∼90 days, while the actual lifetime will depend on the location and season of its emission. Infrared absorption spectra of ( E)-CF3CH═CHCF3 were measured and used to estimate the 100 year time horizon global warming potentials (GWP) of 32 (atmospherically well-mixed) and 14 (lifetime-adjusted).
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhbayar Baasandorj
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , 325 Broadway , Boulder , Colorado 80305-3328 , United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Paul Marshall
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , P.O. Box 305070, Denton , Texas 76203-5070 , United States
| | | | - A R Ravishankara
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , 325 Broadway , Boulder , Colorado 80305-3328 , United States
| | - James B Burkholder
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , 325 Broadway , Boulder , Colorado 80305-3328 , United States
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75
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Tan W, Zhu L, Mikoviny T, Nielsen CJ, Wisthaler A, Eichler P, Müller M, D'Anna B, Farren NJ, Hamilton JF, Pettersson JBC, Hallquist M, Antonsen S, Stenstrøm Y. Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Reaction of tert-Butylamine with OH Radicals in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4470-4480. [PMID: 29659281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The OH-initiated atmospheric degradation of tert-butylamine (tBA), (CH3)3CNH2, was investigated in a detailed quantum chemistry study and in laboratory experiments at the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE) in Spain. The reaction was found to mainly proceed via hydrogen abstraction from the amino group, which in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO x), generates tert-butylnitramine, (CH3)3CNHNO2, and acetone as the main reaction products. Acetone is formed via the reaction of tert-butylnitrosamine, (CH3)3CNHNO, and/or its isomer tert-butylhydroxydiazene, (CH3)3CN═NOH, with OH radicals, which yield nitrous oxide (N2O) and the (CH3)3Ċ radical. The latter is converted to acetone and formaldehyde. Minor predicted and observed reaction products include formaldehyde, 2-methylpropene, acetamide and propan-2-imine. The reaction in the EUPHORE chamber was accompanied by strong particle formation which was induced by an acid-base reaction between photochemically formed nitric acid and the reagent amine. The tert-butylaminium nitrate salt was found to be of low volatility, with a vapor pressure of 5.1 × 10-6 Pa at 298 K. The rate of reaction between tert-butylamine and OH radicals was measured to be 8.4 (±1.7) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 305 ± 2 K and 1015 ± 1 hPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
| | - Tomáš Mikoviny
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
| | - Claus J Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway.,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway.,Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics , University of Innsbruck , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Philipp Eichler
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics , University of Innsbruck , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Markus Müller
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics , University of Innsbruck , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Barbara D'Anna
- IRCELYON, CNRS, University of Lyon , 69626 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Naomi J Farren
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline F Hamilton
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , United Kingdom
| | - Jan B C Pettersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science , University of Gothenburg , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Mattias Hallquist
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science , University of Gothenburg , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Simen Antonsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science , Norwegian University of Life Sciences , P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås , Norway
| | - Yngve Stenstrøm
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science , Norwegian University of Life Sciences , P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås , Norway
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76
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Deng P, Wang L, Wang L. Mechanism of Gas-Phase Ozonolysis of β-Myrcene in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3013-3020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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77
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Yang T, Thomas AM, Dangi BB, Kaiser RI, Mebel AM, Millar TJ. Directed gas phase formation of silicon dioxide and implications for the formation of interstellar silicates. Nat Commun 2018; 9:774. [PMID: 29472549 PMCID: PMC5823853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstellar silicates play a key role in star formation and in the origin of solar systems, but their synthetic routes have remained largely elusive so far. Here we demonstrate in a combined crossed molecular beam and computational study that silicon dioxide (SiO2) along with silicon monoxide (SiO) can be synthesized via the reaction of the silylidyne radical (SiH) with molecular oxygen (O2) under single collision conditions. This mechanism may provide a low-temperature path-in addition to high-temperature routes to silicon oxides in circumstellar envelopes-possibly enabling the formation and growth of silicates in the interstellar medium necessary to offset the fast silicate destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Aaron M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Beni B Dangi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | - Alexander M Mebel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Tom J Millar
- Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK.
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78
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Kuwata KT, Luu L, Weberg AB, Huang K, Parsons AJ, Peebles LA, Rackstraw NB, Kim MJ. Quantum Chemical and Statistical Rate Theory Studies of the Vinyl Hydroperoxides Formed in trans-2-Butene and 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene Ozonolysis. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2485-2502. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith T. Kuwata
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Lina Luu
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Alexander B. Weberg
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Austin J. Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Liam A. Peebles
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Nathan B. Rackstraw
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States
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79
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Bromley ST, Gómez Martín JC, Plane JMC. Under what conditions does (SiO) N nucleation occur? A bottom-up kinetic modelling evaluation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:26913-26922. [PMID: 27722645 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03629e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon monoxide (SiO) is a structurally complex compound exhibiting differentiated oxide-rich and silicon-rich nano-phases at length scales covering nanoclusters to the bulk. Although nano-sized and nano-segregated SiO has great technological potential (e.g. nano-silicon for optical applications) and is of enormous astronomical interest (e.g. formation of silicate cosmic dust) an accurate general description of SiO nucleation is lacking. Avoiding the deficiencies of a bulk-averaged approach typified by classical nucleation theory (CNT) we employ a bottom-up kinetic model which fully takes into account the atomistic details involved in segregation. Specifically, we derive a new low energy benchmark set of segregated (SiO)N cluster ground state candidates for N ≤ 20 and use the accurately calculated properties of these isomers to calculate SiO nucleation rates. We thus provide a state-of-the art evaluation of the range of pressure and temperature conditions for which formation of SiO will or will not proceed. Our results, which match with available experiment, reveal significant deficiencies with CNT approaches. We employ our model to shed light on controversial issue of circumstellar silicate dust formation showing that, at variance with the predictions from CNT-based calculations, pure SiO nucleation under such conditions is not viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan T Bromley
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - John M C Plane
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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80
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Wu J, Ning H, Ma L, Ren W. Pressure-dependent kinetics of methyl formate reactions with OH at combustion, atmospheric and interstellar temperatures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26190-26199. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pressure dependence occurs in bimolecular hydrogen abstraction reactions at combustion, atmospheric and interstellar temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong
| | - Hongbo Ning
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
| | - Liuhao Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
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81
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Li M, Liu Y, Wang L. Gas-phase ozonolysis of furans, methylfurans, and dimethylfurans in the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24735-24743. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04947e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ozonolysis of methylfurans contributes significantly to their atmospheric degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control
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82
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Mazarei E, Mousavipour SH. A Theoretical Study on the Dynamics of the Reaction of CH Radicals with Water. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:8033-8047. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Mazarei
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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83
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Gómez Martín JC, Seaton C, de Miranda MP, Plane JMC. The Reaction between Sodium Hydroxide and Atomic Hydrogen in Atmospheric and Flame Chemistry. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7667-7674. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Gómez Martín
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| | - C. Seaton
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| | - M. P. de Miranda
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| | - J. M. C. Plane
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
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84
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Gans B, Boyé-Péronne S, Garcia GA, Röder A, Schleier D, Halvick P, Loison JC. Unveiling the Ionization Energy of the CN Radical. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4038-4042. [PMID: 28796511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cyano radical is a ubiquitous molecule and was, for instance, one of the first species detected in astrophysical media such as comets or diffuse clouds. In photodissociation regions, the reaction rate of CN+ + CO → CN + CO+ is one of the critical parameters defining nitrile chemistry. The enthalpy of this charge transfer reaction is defined as the difference of ionization energies (EI) between CN and CO. Although EI(CO) is known accurately, the EI(CN) values are more dispersed and deduced indirectly from thermodynamic thresholds only, all above EI(CO), leading to the assumption that the reaction is fast even at low temperature. Using a combination of synchrotron radiation, electron/ion imaging coincidence techniques, and supporting ab initio calculations, we directly determine the first adiabatic ionization energy of CN at 13.956(7) eV, and we demonstrate that EI(CN) < EI(CO). The findings suggest a very slow reaction in the cold regions of interstellar media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérenger Gans
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), UMR 8214 CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Séverine Boyé-Péronne
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), UMR 8214 CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gustavo A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin BP 48, F-91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Anja Röder
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Domenik Schleier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Halvick
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux , Bât. A12, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Loison
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux , Bât. A12, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
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85
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86
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Nuñez-Reyes D, Hickson KM. Kinetic and Product Study of the Reactions of C(1D) with CH4 and C2H6 at Low Temperature. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3851-3857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dianailys Nuñez-Reyes
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Kevin M. Hickson
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
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87
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88
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Cagnina S, Nicolle A, de Bruin T, Georgievskii Y, Klippenstein SJ. First-Principles Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Methyl trans-3-Hexenoate Epoxidation by HO 2. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:1909-1915. [PMID: 28207262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design of innovative combustion processes relies on a comprehensive understanding of biodiesel oxidation kinetics. The present study aims at unraveling the reaction mechanism involved in the epoxidation of a realistic biodiesel surrogate, methyl trans-3-hexenoate, by hydroperoxy radicals using a bottom-up theoretical kinetics methodology. The obtained rate constants are in good agreement with experimental data for alkene epoxidation by HO2. The impact of temperature and pressure on epoxidation pathways involving H-bonded and non-H-bonded conformers was assessed. The obtained rate constant was finally implemented into a state-of-the-art detailed combustion mechanism, resulting in fairly good agreement with engine experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cagnina
- IFP Energies Nouvelles , Engine and Vehicle Modeling Department, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France.,Institut Carnot IFPEN Transports Energie , 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France
| | - A Nicolle
- IFP Energies Nouvelles , Engine and Vehicle Modeling Department, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France.,Institut Carnot IFPEN Transports Energie , 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France
| | - T de Bruin
- IFP Energies Nouvelles , Thermodynamics and Molecular Modeling Department, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France
| | - Y Georgievskii
- Argonne National Laboratory , Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - S J Klippenstein
- Argonne National Laboratory , Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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89
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Xie HB, Ma F, Yu Q, He N, Chen J. Computational Study of the Reactions of Chlorine Radicals with Atmospheric Organic Compounds Featuring NHx–π-Bond (x = 1, 2) Structures. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:1657-1665. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory
of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education),
School of Environmental Science and Technology and ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory
of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education),
School of Environmental Science and Technology and ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory
of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education),
School of Environmental Science and Technology and ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ning He
- Key Laboratory
of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education),
School of Environmental Science and Technology and ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory
of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education),
School of Environmental Science and Technology and ‡State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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90
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Yu Q, Xie HB, Li T, Ma F, Fu Z, Wang Z, Li C, Fu Z, Xia D, Chen J. Atmospheric chemical reaction mechanism and kinetics of 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane initiated by OH radical: a computational study. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26700a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism and kinetics of OH-initiated oxidation of BTBPE, an alternative of PBDEs, were investigated.
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91
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Bao JL, Truhlar DG. Variational transition state theory: theoretical framework and recent developments. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7548-7596. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00602k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the fundamentals of variational transition state theory (VTST), its recent theoretical development, and some modern applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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92
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Elsamra RMI, Jalan A, Buras ZJ, Middaugh JE, Green WH. Temperature- and Pressure-Dependent Kinetics of CH2OO + CH3COCH3and CH2OO + CH3CHO: Direct Measurements and Theoretical Analysis. INT J CHEM KINET 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M. I. Elsamra
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Alexandria University; Ibrahimia 21321 Alexandria Egypt
| | - Amrit Jalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - Zachary J. Buras
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - Joshua E. Middaugh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - William H. Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
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93
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Sato S. Empirical rate equation for association reactions and ion–molecule reactions. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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94
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Plane JMC, Gómez-Martín JC, Feng W, Janches D. Silicon chemistry in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2016; 121:3718-3728. [PMID: 27668138 PMCID: PMC5021210 DOI: 10.1002/2015jd024691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is one of the most abundant elements in cosmic dust, and meteoric ablation injects a significant amount of Si into the atmosphere above 80 km. In this study, a new model for silicon chemistry in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere is described, based on recent laboratory kinetic studies of Si, SiO, SiO2, and Si+. Electronic structure calculations and statistical rate theory are used to show that the likely fate of SiO2 is a two-step hydration to silicic acid (Si(OH)4), which then polymerizes with metal oxides and hydroxides to form meteoric smoke particles. This chemistry is then incorporated into a whole atmosphere chemistry-climate model. The vertical profiles of Si+ and the Si+/Fe+ ratio are shown to be in good agreement with rocket-borne mass spectrometric measurements between 90 and 110 km. Si+ has consistently been observed to be the major meteoric ion around 110 km; this implies that the relative injection rate of Si from meteoric ablation, compared to metals such as Fe and Mg, is significantly larger than expected based on their relative chondritic abundances. Finally, the global abundances of SiO and Si(OH)4 show clear evidence of the seasonal meteoric input function, which is much less pronounced in the case of other meteoric species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wuhu Feng
- School of Chemistry University of Leeds Leeds UK; NCAS and School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Diego Janches
- Space Weather Laboratory, GSFC/NASA Greenbelt Maryland USA
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95
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Bourgalais J, Roussel V, Capron M, Benidar A, Jasper AW, Klippenstein SJ, Biennier L, Le Picard SD. Low Temperature Kinetics of the First Steps of Water Cluster Formation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:113401. [PMID: 27035301 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and theoretical low temperature kinetic study of water cluster formation. Water cluster growth takes place in low temperature (23-69 K) supersonic flows. The observed kinetics of formation of water clusters are reproduced with a kinetic model based on theoretical predictions for the first steps of clusterization. The temperature- and pressure-dependent association and dissociation rate coefficients are predicted with an ab initio transition state theory based master equation approach over a wide range of temperatures (20-100 K) and pressures (10^{-6}-10 bar).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bourgalais
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - V Roussel
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - M Capron
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - A Benidar
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - A W Jasper
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S J Klippenstein
- Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Biennier
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - S D Le Picard
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 avenue Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
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96
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Gómez Martín JC, Garraway SA, Plane JMC. Reaction Kinetics of Meteoric Sodium Reservoirs in the Upper Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1330-46. [PMID: 25723735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reactions of a selection of sodium-containing species with atmospheric constituents, relevant to the chemistry of meteor-ablated Na in the upper atmosphere, were studied in a fast flow tube using multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For the first time, unambiguous observations of NaO and NaOH in the gas phase under atmospheric conditions have been achieved. This enabled the direct measurement of the rate constants for the reactions of NaO with H2, H2O, and CO, and of NaOH with CO2, which at 300-310 K were found to be (at 2σ confidence level): k(NaO + H2O) = (2.4 ± 0.6) × 10(-10) cm(3) molecule (-1) s(-1), k(NaO + H2) = (4.9 ± 1.2) × 10(-12) cm(3) molecule (-1) s(-1), k(NaO + CO) = (9 ± 4) × 10(-11) cm(3) molecule (-1) s(-1), and k(NaOH + CO2 + M) = (7.6 ± 1.6) × 10(-29) cm(6) molecule (-2) s(-1) (P = 1-4 Torr). The NaO + H2 reaction was found to make NaOH with a branching ratio ≥ 99%. A combination of quantum chemistry and statistical rate theory calculations are used to interpret the reaction kinetics and extrapolate the atmospherically relevant experimental results to mesospheric temperatures and pressures. The NaO + H2O and NaOH + CO2 reactions act sequentially to provide the major atmospheric sink of meteoric Na and therefore have a significant impact on the underside of the Na layer in the terrestrial mesosphere: the newly determined rate constants shift the modeled peak to about 93 km, i.e., 2 km higher than observed by ground-based lidars. This highlights further uncertainties in the Na chemistry cycle such as the unknown rate constant of the NaOH + H reaction. The fast Na-recycling reaction between NaO and CO and a re-evaluated rate constant of the NaO + CO2 sink should be now considered in chemical models of the Martian Na layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Gómez Martín
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, U.K
| | - S A Garraway
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, U.K
| | - J M C Plane
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, U.K
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97
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Bunkan AJC, Mikoviny T, Nielsen CJ, Wisthaler A, Zhu L. Experimental and Theoretical Study of the OH-Initiated Photo-oxidation of Formamide. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1222-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Joakim C. Bunkan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomas Mikoviny
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Claus J. Nielsen
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Liang Zhu
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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98
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Chow R, Mok DKW, Lee EPF, Dyke JM. A theoretical study of the atmospherically important radical–radical reaction BrO + HO2; the product channel O2(a1Δg) + HOBr is formed with the highest rate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:30554-30569. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05877a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical study has been made of the BrO + HO2 reaction, a radical–radical reaction which contributes to ozone depletion in the atmosphere via production of HOBr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hung Hom
- China
| | - Daniel K. W. Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hung Hom
- China
| | - Edmond P. F. Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hung Hom
- China
- School of Chemistry
| | - John M. Dyke
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
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99
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Xie HB, Ma F, Wang Y, He N, Yu Q, Chen J. Quantum Chemical Study on ·Cl-Initiated Atmospheric Degradation of Monoethanolamine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:13246-55. [PMID: 26495768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings on the formation of ·Cl in continental urban areas necessitate the consideration of ·Cl initiated degradation when assessing the fate of volatile organic pollutants. Monoethanolamine (MEA) is considered as a potential atmospheric pollutant since it is a benchmark and widely utilized solvent in a leading CO2 capture technology. Especially, ·Cl may have specific interactions with the N atom of MEA, which could make the MEA + ·Cl reaction have different pathways and products from those of the MEA + ·OH reaction. Hence, ·Cl initiated reactions with MEA were investigated by a quantum chemical method [CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//MP2/6-31+G(3df,2p)] and kinetics modeling. Results show that the overall rate constant for ·Cl initiated H-abstraction of MEA is 5 times faster than that initiated by ·OH, and the tropospheric lifetimes of MEA will be overestimated by 6-46% when assuming that [·Cl]/[·OH] = 1-10% if the role of ·Cl is ignored. The MEA + ·Cl reaction exclusively produces MEA-N that finally transforms into several products including mutagenic nitramine and carcinogenic nitrosamine via further reactions with O2/NOx, and the contribution of ·Cl to their formation is about 25-250% of that of ·OH. Thus, it is necessary to consider ·Cl initiated tropospheric degradation of MEA for its risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuanfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
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100
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Hickson KM, Loison JC, Guo H, Suleimanov YV. Ring-Polymer Molecular Dynamics for the Prediction of Low-Temperature Rates: An Investigation of the C((1)D) + H2 Reaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4194-4199. [PMID: 26538033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanical calculations are important tools for predicting the rates of elementary reactions, particularly for those involving hydrogen and at low temperatures where quantum effects become increasingly important. These approaches are computationally expensive, however, particularly when applied to complex polyatomic systems or processes characterized by deep potential wells. While several approximate techniques exist, many of these have issues with reliability. The ring-polymer molecular dynamics method was recently proposed as an accurate and efficient alternative. Here, we test this technique at low temperatures (300-50 K) by analyzing the behavior of the barrierless C((1)D) + H2 reaction over the two lowest singlet potential energy surfaces. To validate the theory, rate coefficients were measured using a supersonic flow reactor down to 50 K. The experimental and theoretical rates are in excellent agreement, supporting the future application of this method for determining the kinetics and dynamics of a wide range of low-temperature reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Hickson
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux , F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires , F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Loison
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux , F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires , F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Yury V Suleimanov
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, Cyprus Institute , 20 Kavafi Str., Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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