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O’Connor DJ, Buckland J, Almond N, Boyle J, Coxon C, Gaki E, Martin J, Mattiuzzo G, Metcalfe C, Page M, Rose N, Valdazo-Gonzalez B, Zhao Y, Schneider CK. Commonly setting biological standards in rare diseases. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2019.1652598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Buckland
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Neil Almond
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Jennifer Boyle
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Carmen Coxon
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Eleni Gaki
- Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), London, UK
| | - Javier Martin
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Giada Mattiuzzo
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Clive Metcalfe
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Mark Page
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Nicola Rose
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Begona Valdazo-Gonzalez
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Yuan Zhao
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Christian K. Schneider
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Ln, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
- Twincore Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH, Hannover, Germany
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Jacobson JM, Khalili K. Toward the Cure of HIV-1 Infection: Lessons Learned and Yet to be Learned as New Strategies are Developed. AIDS Rev 2019; 20:220-225. [PMID: 30548022 DOI: 10.24875/aidsrev.18000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we review the progress that has been made in achieving a cure of HIV-1 infection. To date, this has only occurred in one person after he received allogeneic stem cell transplants from a CCR5 ∆32 homozygous donor in addition to chemotherapy and radiation to treat his acute myelocytic leukemia. The general consensus is that achieving a sustained remission of infection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy will involve a combination of strategies that involve both the targeting of the latent proviral genome and the induction of more effective anti-HIV-1 immune responses. Efforts to reverse HIV-1 proviral DNA integration in the host cell genome and those to enhance anti-HIV immunity have been disappointing thus far. The lack of clinically validated assays to measure both effects has hampered the development of effective therapies. We suggest the consideration of genome editing as a new approach to reduce the latently integrated proviral genome. In addition, new approaches to therapeutic immunization, alterations of immunoregulatory pathways, anti-HIV-1 antibodies, and anti-HIV-1 chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocytes are in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Jacobson
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational AIDS Research, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Medicine. Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational AIDS Research, Philadelphia, USA
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Hurdles Associated with the Translational Use of Genetically Modified Cells. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2018; 4:39-45. [PMID: 33381387 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-018-0115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Recent advancements in the use of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the emergent use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy has highlighted issues associated with the use of genetically engineered cellular products. This review explores some of the challenges linked with translating the use of genetically modified cells. Recent Findings The use of genetically modified HSCs for ADA-SCID now has European approval and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved the use of CAR-T cells for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Current good manufacturing processes have now been developed for the collection, expansion, storage, modification, and administration of genetically modified cells. Summary Genetically engineered cells can be used for several therapeutic purposes. However, significant challenges remain in making these cellular therapeutics readily available. A better understanding of this technology along with improvements in the manufacturing process is allowing the translation process to become more standardized.
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