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Wang X, Wang M, Zeng L, Su P. Hypomethylation of LINE-1 retrotransposons is associated with cadmium-induced testicular injury. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40749-40756. [PMID: 32671713 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Retrotransposons, as vital regulator of male fertility, are essential for spermatogenesis. Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant and endocrine disruptor, targeting the reproductive system. Growing evidence shows that Cd exposure can induce male infertility in mammals. In this study, we generated a male C57BL/6 J mice model with consecutive 35 days cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in different concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg. The results indicated that 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg CdCl2 significantly affected the body weight. Meanwhile, the highest dose group with 2.0 mg/kg CdCl2 presented low fertility. Furthermore, the expression of retrotransposon mRNA was markedly increased in the higher doses group. We examined methylcytosine (mC) levels of the three active LINE-1 subfamilies TfI, A, and GfII in testis. Conclusively, Cd exposure probably undermines the male mice fertility by disrupting DNA methylation to regulate the retrotransposons. Further studies are required for identifying whether retrotransposon activation has any significant impacts on genome structure, stability, and expression in Cd-induced testicular injury, laying foundation for the treatment for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Reproduction Medicine Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Tran HTT, Herz C, Lamy E. Long-term exposure to "low-dose" bisphenol A decreases mitochondrial DNA copy number, and accelerates telomere shortening in human CD8 + T cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15786. [PMID: 32978426 PMCID: PMC7519100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) has been linked with immune disorders and increased tumour risk. Our previous work in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated that exposure to "low-dose" BPA diminished telomerase activity via an ER/GPR30-ERK signalling pathway. Leukocyte telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are crucial for normal immune function and homeostasis. We thus here further studied the effects of BPA on human T cell subpopulations. Exposure to 0.3-3 nM BPA, i. e. at doses in the realm of human exposure, notably reduced telomerase activity in activated CD8 + T but not CD4 + T cells in a non-monotonic response pattern as determined by the TRAP-ELISA assay. Under long-term BPA exposure, significant telomere length shortening, reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number, cell proliferation and IFN-γ as well as hTERT protein suppression could be observed in CD8 + lymphocytes, as analysed by qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. This study extends our previous in vitro findings that "low-dose" BPA has potential negative effects on healthy human cytotoxic T cell response. These results might merit some special attention to further investigate chronic BPA exposure in the context of adaptive immune response dysfunction and early onset of cancer in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai Thi Thu Tran
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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53
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Nature as Ally in Our Chronic Disease Epidemic. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2020.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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54
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Gomes JM, Almeida TFA, da Silva TA, de Lourdes Cardeal Z, Menezes HC. Saliva biomonitoring using LPME-GC/MS method to assess dentistry exposure to plasticizers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7799-7810. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yoshida R, Gohara S, Sakata J, Matsuoka Y, Hirosue A, Kawahara K, Kawaguchi S, Nagao Y, Yamana K, Nagata M, Fukuma D, Toya R, Murakami R, Hiraki A, Shinohara M, Nakayama H. Onodera's prognostic nutritional index correlates with tumor immune environment and survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100850. [PMID: 32854035 PMCID: PMC7452079 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretreatment nutritional and immunological status is useful for predicting survival outcomes for various types of malignant tumors. Our objective was to determine the impact of the pretreatment Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) on outcomes of patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy for advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We reviewed 47 patients treated for OSCC with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) at our institution between January 2004 and December 2011. We determined the OPNI according to the following formula: 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (per μL). We determined the optimum OPNI cut-off through a receiver operating characteristic analysis. We analyzed the associations between OPNI status and various clinicopathological features and evaluated the effects of OPNI on the prognosis. We examined the relationships between OPNI and systemic inflammatory response parameters and analyzed intratumoral CD8+ T cells and their correlation with OPNI. The optimum OPNI cut-off was 42.7. A Kaplan–Meier curve analysis revealed that low OPNI was significantly associated with poor overall survival and cause-specific survival. The multivariate analysis revealed that low OPNI was independently correlated with poor 5 year overall survival and cause-specific survival. OPNI was significantly correlated with systemic inflammatory response parameters. Intratumoral CD8+ T cell counts in primary tumors were significantly lower for low OPNI than for high OPNI. The present data demonstrate that pretreatment OPNI is a valuable independent prognostic indicator of overall and cause-specific survival in advanced OSCC following definitive CRT. OPNI might reflect the tumor immune microenvironment characterization in OSCC. The optimum Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) cut-off was 42.7 in OSCC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy Low OPNI was significantly associated with poor overall survival and cause-specific survival OPNI was significantly correlated with systemic inflammatory response parameters High-OPNI group showed significantly higher intratumoral CD8+ T cell counts in primary tumors
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Gohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Junki Sakata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Matsuoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Sho Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yuka Nagao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Masashi Nagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Daiki Fukuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Ryo Toya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryuji Murakami
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Hiraki
- Section of Oral Oncology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masanori Shinohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan; Itoh Dento-Maxillofacial Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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Tian W, Jiang X, Kim D, Guan T, Nicolls MR, Rockson SG. Leukotrienes in Tumor-Associated Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1289. [PMID: 32973519 PMCID: PMC7466732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotrienes are biologically active eicosanoid lipid mediators that originate from oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid. Biosynthesis of leukotrienes involves a set of soluble and membrane-bound enzymes that constitute a machinery complex primarily expressed by cells of myeloid origin. Leukotrienes and their synthetic enzymes are critical immune modulators for leukocyte migration. Increased concentrations of leukotrienes are implicated in a number of inflammatory disorders. More recent work indicates that leukotrienes may also interact with a variety of tissue cells, contributing to the low-grade inflammation of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic conditions, as well as that of cancer. Leukotriene signaling contributes to the active tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor growth and resistance to immunotherapy. This review summarizes recent insights into the intricate roles of leukotrienes in promoting tumor growth and metastasis through shaping the tumor microenvironment. The emerging possibilities for pharmacological targeting of leukotriene signaling in tumor metastasis are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Xinguo Jiang
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Dongeon Kim
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Torrey Guan
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stanley G Rockson
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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57
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Connects Inflammation to Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155264. [PMID: 32722276 PMCID: PMC7432832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), an evolutionary conserved transcription factor, is a pleiotropic signal transductor. Thanks to its promiscuous ligand binding domain, during the evolution of eukaryotic cells its developmental functions were integrated with biosensor functions. Its activation by a multitude of endogenous and exogenous molecules stimulates its participation in several pathways, some of which are linked to inflammation and breast cancer (BC). Over time, the study of this malignancy has led to the identification of several therapeutic targets in cancer cells. An intense area of study is dedicated to BC phenotypes lacking adequate targets. In this context, due to its high constitutive activation in BC, AhR is currently gaining more and more attention. In this review, I have considered its interactions with: 1. the immune system, whose dysregulation is a renowned cancer hallmark; 2. interleukin 6 (IL6) which is a pivotal inflammatory marker and is closely correlated to breast cancer risk; 3. NF-kB, another evolutionary conserved transcription factor, which plays a key role in immunoregulatory functions, inflammatory response and breast carcinogenesis; 4. kynurenine, a tryptophan-derived ligand that activates and bridges AhR to chronic inflammation and breast carcinogenesis. Overall, the data here presented form an interesting framework where AhR is an interesting connector between inflammation and BC.
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58
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Peinado FM, Artacho-Cordón F, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Arrebola JP. Influence of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides on the inflammatory milieu. A systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109561. [PMID: 32668538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are relevant families of persistent organic pollutants, which have been linked to several long-term adverse health effects. The mechanisms of action of these pollutants are still poorly understood. However, there are some evidences suggesting that inflammation might play a key role on their effects. AIM To systematically synthesize the published in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological data assessing the potential influence of exposure to OCPs and PCBs on the development of an inflammatory milieu. METHODS A systematic review of peer-reviewed original research papers published until 1st May 2019 was conducted, by using Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total of 39 articles met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this review. RESULTS The majority of the studies showed significant associations of PCB and OCP exposure with all inflammatory markers measured (n = 30). Some studies showed positive and negative associations (n = 7) and only two studies evidenced negative associations (n = 2). Most of the available evidences came from in vitro and in vivo studies (n = 31), with few epidemiological studies (n = 8). CONCLUSIONS We found consistent positive associations between exposure to PCBs and OCPs and the development of a pro-inflammatory milieu, with only few discrepancies. However, given the limited epidemiological evidence found, our results warrant further research in order to elucidate the real contribution of these pollutants on the inflammatory processes and subsequent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Peinado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - R Barrios-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
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59
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Hao Q, Vadgama JV, Wang P. CCL2/CCR2 signaling in cancer pathogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:82. [PMID: 32471499 PMCID: PMC7257158 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of small cytokines, which guide a variety of immune/inflammatory cells to the site of tumor in tumorigenesis. A dysregulated expression of chemokines is implicated in different types of cancer including prostate cancer. The progression and metastasis of prostate cancer involve a complex network of chemokines that regulate the recruitment and trafficking of immune cells. The chemokine CCL2 and its main receptor CCR2 have been receiving particular interest on their roles in cancer pathogenesis. The up-regulation of CCL2/CCR2 and varied immune conditions in prostate cancer, are associated with cancer advancement, metastasis, and relapse. Here we reviewed recent findings, which link CCL2/CCR2 to the inflammation and cancer pathogenesis, and discussed the therapeutic potential of CCL2/CCR2 axis in cancer treatment based on results from our group and other investigators, with a major focus on prostate cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Hao
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA. .,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jaydutt V Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA. .,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Piwen Wang
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA. .,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Center for Human Nutrition, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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60
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Tan X, Tang H, Gong L, Xie L, Lei Y, Luo Z, He C, Ma J, Han S. Integrating Genome-Wide Association Studies and Gene Expression Profiles With Chemical-Genes Interaction Networks to Identify Chemicals Associated With Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:385. [PMID: 32391058 PMCID: PMC7193025 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate in global cancer. Exploring the associations between chemicals and CRC has great significance in prophylaxis and therapy of tumor diseases. This study aims to explore the relationships between CRC and environmental chemicals on genetic basis by bioinformatics analysis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for CRC were obtained from the UK Biobank. The GWAS data for colon cancer (category C18) includes 2,581 individuals and 449,683 controls, while that of rectal cancer (category C20) includes 1,244 individuals and 451,020 controls. In addition, we derived CRC gene expression datasets from the NCBI-GEO (GSE106582). The chemicals related gene sets were acquired from the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). Transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) analysis was applied to CRC GWAS summary data and calculated the expression association testing statistics by FUSION software. We performed chemicals related gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) by integrating GWAS summary data, mRNA expression profiles of CRC and the CTD chemical-gene interaction networks to identify relationships between chemicals and genes of CRC. We observed several significant correlations between chemicals and CRC. Meanwhile, we also detected 5 common chemicals between colon and rectal cancer, including methylnitronitrosoguanidine, isoniazid, PD 0325901, sulindac sulfide, and importazole. Our study performed TWAS and GSEA analysis, linked prior knowledge to newly generated data and thereby helped identifying chemicals related to tumor genes, which provides new clues for revealing the associations between environmental chemicals and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanmin Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liuyun Gong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lina Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutiantian Lei
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenzhen Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenchen He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Montero-Montoya RD, López-Vargas R, Méndez-Serrano A, Galicia-Alonso I, García-Vargas G, Serrano-García L, Beltrán-Portugal R, Rosado-Zaidi S, Albores-Medina A, Oropeza-Hernández L, Hernández-Cadena L, Mercado-Calderón F, Alvarado-Toledo E, Herrera-Morales S, Arellano-Aguilar O. Increased micronucleus frequencies in reticulocytes of children exposed to industrial pollution: oxidative stress and the OGG1 S326C polymorphism. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 853:503170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Shah HK, Sharma T, Banerjee BD. Organochlorine pesticides induce inflammation, ROS production, and DNA damage in human epithelial ovary cells: An in vitro study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125691. [PMID: 31887490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of ovarian cancer is not clear, certain factors are implicated in this disease, such as ovulation, gonadotropic and steroid hormones, growth factors, cytokines, environmental agents, etc. Epidemiological studies have proven environmental exposure to pesticides with an increased risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC); however, the molecular mechanism underlying the carcinogenic effects of pesticides in human ovary remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to study the pro-inflammatory response of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) namely β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and Dieldrin following exposure to human ovary surface epithelial cells (HOSE) for risk prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer. We found high level of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage along with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in OCPs treated HOSE cells compared to control (DMSO). The result of the present study suggests that β-HCH, DDE, and Dieldrin exposure induce ROS and pro-inflammatory response as well as DNA damage in HOSE cells. These various results show that OCPs may account for the neoplastic transformation of HOSE cells in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harendra Kumar Shah
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India.
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Bilyi DD, Gerdeva AА, Samoiliuk VV, Suslova NI, Yevtushenko ID. A modern look at the molecular-biological mechanisms of breast tumours in dogs. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.15421/022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High morbidity and increase in the number of registrations of breast tumours in dogs, their wide application as biological models, discussion of numerous questions of oncogenesis, and the lack of a uniform/unified methodological approach to the study of molecular and biological mechanisms of treatment of cancer determine the relevance of the problem of cancer both in humans and in our domestic companions. The analysis of publications allowed us to establish the following patterns of carcinogenesis. The peculiarities of the biological behaviour of breast tumours depend on their pathomorphological structure. Genetic predisposition to breast cancer is characteristic only in the single breed aspect. Environmental factors are of critical relevance to carcinogenesis : chemical pollutants initiate oncogenesis indirectly – by altering the expression of several receptors, impaired endocrine balance and direct mutagenic effects. Reproductive status plays a key role in the initiation and progression of breast tumours by reducing the expression of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin receptor genes. The inflammatory response that accompanies the neoplasia process is characterized by increased production of cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth receptors, and impaired hemostatic status (oxidative stress), which promotes progression of disease. In breast cancer in dogs, genomic instability leads to genomic aberrations, and subsequently, mutations that support the proliferation, survival and dissemination of neoplastic cells. The initiation and progression of mammary gland tumours is provided by cancer stem cells by disrupting the regulation of precursor cell self-renewal, which also predispose to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, and hormonal cancer therapy. The analysis of the publications revealed the major markers of carcinogenesis that could potentially be used as biological targets for the design of modern diagnostic strategies and high-performance therapeutic protocols.
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NRF2-driven redox metabolism takes center stage in cancer metabolism from an outside-in perspective. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:321-336. [PMID: 32130657 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer development is a process of somatic clonal evolution. Darwinian principles of evolution emphasize the interaction between heritable individual variability and selective pressure from the environment. However, the current prevailing concept of cancer evolution mostly focuses on the alterations of genes, signaling, and metabolism inside cells, which underestimates the impact of environmental pressure in selecting the adapted cells. Recently, unsuccessful outcomes and many concerns raised in targeting those alterations inside cells have cast doubt on the current "cell-centric" paradigm of cancer formation, which necessitates a paradigm shift to an outside-in direction that considers environmental changes as a driver in determining the characteristics of selected cells. In the tumor microenvironment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most abundant chemical constituents generated by inflammatory and hypoxic conditions. Because of their cytotoxicity when present at high levels, ROS should be the pressure that selects cells with a high capacity for ROS metabolism and antioxidant defense, both of which are referred to as redox metabolism. Cancer genome analyses have found that nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which plays an indispensable role in redox metabolism, is frequently activated in many types of cancer, particularly lung cancer. This suggests that an ROS-rich microenvironment drives the selection, survival, and growth of cells with high NRF2 activity. Thus, NRF2-driven redox metabolism should be the most crucial part of cancer metabolism, proposing NRF2 inhibitor as an attractive therapeutic target for cancer.
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Temkin AM, Hocevar BA, Andrews DQ, Naidenko OV, Kamendulis LM. Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1668. [PMID: 32143379 PMCID: PMC7084585 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a large class of environmentally persistent chemicals used in industrial and consumer products. Human exposure to PFAS is extensive, and PFAS contamination has been reported in drinking water and food supplies as well as in the serum of nearly all people. The most well-studied member of the PFAS class, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), induces tumors in animal bioassays and has been associated with elevated risk of cancer in human populations. GenX, one of the PFOA replacement chemicals, induces tumors in animal bioassays as well. Using the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens framework for cancer hazard identification, we considered the existing epidemiological, toxicological and mechanistic data for 26 different PFAS. We found strong evidence that multiple PFAS induce oxidative stress, are immunosuppressive, and modulate receptor-mediated effects. We also found suggestive evidence indicating that some PFAS can induce epigenetic alterations and influence cell proliferation. Experimental data indicate that PFAS are not genotoxic and generally do not undergo metabolic activation. Data are currently insufficient to assess whether any PFAS promote chronic inflammation, cellular immortalization or alter DNA repair. While more research is needed to address data gaps, evidence exists that several PFAS exhibit one or more of the key characteristics of carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M. Temkin
- Environmental Working Group, Washington, DC 20009, USA; (D.Q.A.); (O.V.N.)
| | - Barbara A. Hocevar
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (B.A.H.); (L.M.K.)
| | - David Q. Andrews
- Environmental Working Group, Washington, DC 20009, USA; (D.Q.A.); (O.V.N.)
| | - Olga V. Naidenko
- Environmental Working Group, Washington, DC 20009, USA; (D.Q.A.); (O.V.N.)
| | - Lisa M. Kamendulis
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (B.A.H.); (L.M.K.)
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66
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Lagoa R, Marques-da-Silva D, Diniz M, Daglia M, Bishayee A. Molecular mechanisms linking environmental toxicants to cancer development: Significance for protective interventions with polyphenols. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:118-144. [PMID: 32044471 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental toxicants with diverse mechanisms of action is a growing concern. In addition to well-recognized carcinogens, various chemicals in environmental and occupational settings have been suggested to impact health, increasing susceptibility to cancer by inducing genetic and epigenetic changes. Accordingly, in this review, we have discussed recent insights into the pathological mechanisms of these chemicals, namely their effects on cell redox and calcium homeostasis, mitochondria and inflammatory signaling, with a focus on the possible implications for multi-stage carcinogenesis and its reversal by polyphenols. Plant-derived polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin and anthocyanins reduce the incidence of cancer and can be useful nutraceuticals for alleviating the detrimental outcomes of harmful pollutants. However, development of therapies based on polyphenol administration requires further studies to validate the biological efficacy, identifying effective doses, mode of action and new delivery forms. Innovative microphysiological testing models are presented and specific proposals for future trials are given. Merging the current knowledge of multifactorial actions of specific polyphenols and chief environmental toxicants, this work aims to potentiate the delivery of phytochemical-based protective treatments to individuals at high-risk due to environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Lagoa
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Dorinda Marques-da-Silva
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Diniz
- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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67
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Wang S, Li X, Wang W, Zhang H, Xu S. Application of transcriptome analysis: Oxidative stress, inflammation and microtubule activity disorder caused by ammonia exposure may be the primary factors of intestinal microvilli deficiency in chicken. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:134035. [PMID: 31470328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3), an inhaled harmful gas, is not only an important volatile in fertilizer production and ranching, but also the main basic component of haze. However, the effect and mechanism of NH3 on the intestines are still unclear. To investigate the intestinal toxicity of NH3 inhalation, morphological changes, transcriptome profiles and oxidative stress indicators of jejunum in broiler chicken exposed to NH3 for 42 days were examined. Results of morphological observation showed that NH3 exposure caused deficiency of jejunal microvilli and neutrophil infiltration. Transcriptomics sequencing identified 677 differential expressed genes (DEGs) including 358 up-regulated genes and 319 down-regulated genes. Enrichment analysis of obtained DEGs by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) found that biological functions and pathways affected by NH3 included antioxidant function, inflammation, microtubule and nutrition transport. Relative genes validation and chemical detection confirmed that NH3-induced oxidative stress by activating CYPs and inhibiting antioxidant enzymes promoted inflammatory response and decreased microtubule activity, thus destroying the balance of nutritional transporters. Our study perfects the injurious mechanism of NH3 exposure and provides a new insight and method for environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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68
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Furman D, Campisi J, Verdin E, Carrera-Bastos P, Targ S, Franceschi C, Ferrucci L, Gilroy DW, Fasano A, Miller GW, Miller AH, Mantovani A, Weyand CM, Barzilai N, Goronzy JJ, Rando TA, Effros RB, Lucia A, Kleinstreuer N, Slavich GM. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nat Med 2019; 25:1822-1832. [PMID: 31806905 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2131] [Impact Index Per Article: 426.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although intermittent increases in inflammation are critical for survival during physical injury and infection, recent research has revealed that certain social, environmental and lifestyle factors can promote systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) that can, in turn, lead to several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present Perspective we describe the multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress. Furthermore, we suggest potential strategies for advancing the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA. .,Stanford 1000 Immunomes Project, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Institute for Research in Translational Medicine, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Iuve Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA.
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sasha Targ
- Iuve Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Biology of Aging, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alessio Fasano
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorg J Goronzy
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rita B Effros
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.,NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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69
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Artacho-Cordón F, Ríos-Arrabal S, León J, Frederiksen H, Sáenz JM, Martín-Olmedo P, Fernández MF, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Adipose tissue concentrations of non-persistent environmental phenols and local redox balance in adults from Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105118. [PMID: 31610369 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the associations of environmental phenol and paraben concentrations with the oxidative microenvironment in adipose tissue. This study was conducted in a subsample (n = 144) of the GraMo cohort (Southern Spain). Concentrations of 9 phenols and 7 parabens, and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified in adipose tissue. Associations were estimated using multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) concentration was borderline associated with enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity [exp(β) = 1.20, p = 0.060] and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) [exp(β) = 0.55, p = 0.070]. Concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and methylparaben (MeP) were associated to lower glutathione reductase (GRd) activity [exp(β) = 0.83, exp(β) = 0.72, respectively], and BPA was borderline associated to increased levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) [exp(β) = 1.73, p-value = 0.062]. MeP was inversely associated to both hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismustase (SOD) activity, as well as to the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) [0.75 < exp(β) < 0.79]. Our results suggest that some specific non-persistent pollutants may be associated with a disruption of the activity of relevant antioxidant enzymes, in addition to the depletion of the glutathione stock. They might act as a tissue-specific source of free radicals, contributing to the oxidative microenvironment in the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Ríos-Arrabal
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - J León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - H Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for research and research training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - P Martín-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - M F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of Granada, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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70
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Carmeli C, Steen J, Petrovic D, Lepage B, Delpierre C, Kelly-Irving M, Bochud M, Kivimäki M, Vineis P, Stringhini S. Mechanisms of life-course socioeconomic inequalities in adult systemic inflammation: Findings from two cohort studies. Soc Sci Med 2019; 245:112685. [PMID: 31783227 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions in childhood heighten systemic inflammatory levels in adulthood; however, life-course mechanisms underlying this association are largely unknown. In the present observational study, we investigated the roles of adulthood socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in mediating this association. Participants were from two prospective Swiss population-based cohorts (N = 5,152, mean age 60 years). We estimated the total effect of paternal occupational position on adult heightened systemic inflammatory levels (C-reactive protein>3 mg/L), and the indirect effects via adulthood socioeconomic positions (SEPs: education and occupational position), financial hardship, and lifestyle factors (body mass index, smoking status, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption). We estimated odds ratio (OR) and proportion mediated using counterfactual-based mediation models. Individuals whose father had a low occupational position had an OR of 1.51 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.84] for heightened inflammation compared to their more advantaged counterparts. This was jointly mediated (33 [95% CI: 14, 69]%) by adulthood SEPs, whereby the pathway through education followed by occupational position mediated 30 [95% CI: 11, 64]%, while the pathway via occupational position only mediated 3 [95% CI: 4, 13]%. Individuals with the lowest life-course SEPs had an OR of 2.27 [95% CI: 1.71, 2.98] for heightened inflammation compared to having the highest life-course SEPs. This was jointly mediated (63 [95% CI: 44, 97]%) by financial hardship and lifestyle factors. Our study supports a cumulative effect of life-course SEPs on adult heightened systemic inflammation along the pathway paternal occupational position -> education -> adult occupational position. Financial hardship and lifestyle factors in adulthood mediate half of that effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Carmeli
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Johan Steen
- Department of Intensive Care, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Dusan Petrovic
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Lepage
- UMR LEASP, Université de Toulouse III, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | - Cyrille Delpierre
- INSERM, UMR1027, Toulouse, France, and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Michelle Kelly-Irving
- INSERM, UMR1027, Toulouse, France, and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W21PG, UK
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland
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71
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Salazar-Bañuelos A. A mathematical solution to Peto's paradox using Polya's urn model: implications for the aetiology of cancer in general. Theory Biosci 2019; 138:241-250. [PMID: 30771154 PMCID: PMC6800849 DOI: 10.1007/s12064-019-00290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is the leading risk factor for the emergence of cancer in humans. Accumulation of pro-carcinogenic events throughout life is believed to explain this observation; however, the lack of direct correlation between the number of cells in an organism and cancer incidence, known as Peto's Paradox, is at odds with this assumption. Finding the events responsible for this discrepancy can unveil mechanisms with potential uses in prevention and treatment of cancer in humans. On the other hand, the immune system is important in preventing the development of clinically relevant tumours by maintaining a fine equilibrium between reactive and suppressive lymphocyte clones. It is suggested here that the loss of this equilibrium is what ultimately leads to increased risk of cancer and to propose a mechanism for the changes in clonal proportions based on decreased proliferative capacity of lymphocyte clones as a natural phenomenon of ageing. This mechanism, being a function of the number of cells, provides an explanation for Peto's Paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasio Salazar-Bañuelos
- Faculty of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29 street NW, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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72
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Mirzaei SA, Dinmohammadi F, Alizadeh A, Elahian F. Inflammatory pathway interactions and cancer multidrug resistance regulation. Life Sci 2019; 235:116825. [PMID: 31494169 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistances against chemotherapeutics are among the major challenges related to cancer treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that different conditions may tune the expression and activity of MDR transporters. For instance, inflammation occurs through a complex cytological process and chemical reactions in the most tumor microenvironment; it can play a critical role in cancer development and is capable of altering the expression and function of MDR transporters. Cytokines, interleukins, and prostaglandins are potent inflammatory mediators that can modulate the expression of MDRs at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in the most human cancer cells and tissues and potentially contribute to balance bioavailability of chemotherapeutic agents. Since cancer cases are usually accompanied by inflammatory responses, glucocorticoids and NSAIDs are the primary useful combination chemotherapies in a variety of cancer treatment protocols. In addition to the anti-inflammatory activities of these agents, they exert diverse modulatory effects on MDR-mediated drug resistance via specific mechanisms. Several factors, including cell and MDR-protein types, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenetics, mainly influence the regulatory mechanisms. Uncovering the networks between inflammation and multidrug resistance will be clinically helpful in the treatment of malignant cancers and decreasing the cancer mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Abbas Mirzaei
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Farideh Dinmohammadi
- Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Elahian
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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73
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Tounsi N, Djerdjouri B, Bouzid C, Bentabak K. Correlation of adenosine deaminase operating under nitro-oxidative stress with tumor and vascularization in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma. J Appl Biomed 2019; 17:175-183. [PMID: 34907699 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates serum redox status and adenosine catabolism markers in relation to tumor and angiogenesis, in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). The level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities, nitrites (NO2-), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in sera of 40 GBC patients and 40 healthy donors. In parallel, 15 tumors at TNM stage IV were scored for CD34 expression and microvessel density (MVD). The results showed that XO and ADA activities, nitrites and MDA levels enhanced by 1.26 (p < 0.01), 2.69, 2.0, and 3.2-fold (p < 0.001), respectively, while those of GSH decreased by 44.6% (p < 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cut-off for XO, ADA, MDA, GSH and nitrites were 5.41U/l, 17.02 U/l, 3.72 μM, 36.91 μM and 21.21 μM, respectively. Spearman correlation revealed that ADA activity correlated to nitrites levels (r = 0.3419, p < 0.05) and XO activity (r = 0.5487, p < 0.001). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that MDA (OR = 5.78, p < 0.05), ADA (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001) and XO (OR = 2.81, p < 0.05) correlated positively to GBC. CD34 was up expressed in 73.3% of tumors at intermediate to high levels. Multiple regression analysis showed that ADA affected MVD (r = 0.604, p < 0.01). The results suggest that high MDA/GSH ratio is a potential biomarker of GBC. In addition, the oxidative adenosine catabolism indicated that active purine salvage pathway could support tumor progression by sustaining angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Tounsi
- University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Bahia Djerdjouri
- University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chafik Bouzid
- Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Public Health Center Pierre and Marie Curie, Department of Oncological Surgery A, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Kamel Bentabak
- Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Public Health Center Pierre and Marie Curie, Department of Oncological Surgery A, Algiers, Algeria
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74
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Batatinha HAP, Diniz TA, de Souza Teixeira AA, Krüger K, Rosa-Neto JC. Regulation of autophagy as a therapy for immunosenescence-driven cancer and neurodegenerative diseases: The role of exercise. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14883-14895. [PMID: 30756377 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the risk factors for the development of low-grade inflammation morbidities, such as several types of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, due to changes in the metabolism, hormonal secretion, and immunosenescence. The senescence of the immune system leads to improper control of infections and tissue damage increasing age-related diseases. One of the mechanisms that maintain cellular homeostasis is autophagy, a cell-survival mechanism, and it has been proposed as one of the most powerful antiaging therapies. Regular exercise can reestablish autophagy, probably through AMP-activated protein kinase activation, and help in reducing the age-related senescence diseases. Therefore, in this study, we discuss the effects of exercise training in immunosenescence and autophagy, preventing the two main age-related disease, cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiego Aparecido Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Karsten Krüger
- Department Exercise and Health, Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jose Cesar Rosa-Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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75
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Wang S, Li F, Qiang D, Hu Z, Meng Y, Shi L, Zhao E, Niu Y. Impact of immunodeficiency on lingual carcinogenesis and lymph node metastasis in mice. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:826-831. [PMID: 31206766 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
- Institute of Oral Biomedicine Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science Harbin China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin China
| | - Dongxia Qiang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Laboratory of Sono‐ and Photo‐theranostic Technologies Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Eryang Zhao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Institute of Oral Biomedicine Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science Harbin China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin China
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76
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Pandey A, Dhabade P, Kumarasamy A. Inflammatory Effects of Subacute Exposure of Roundup in Rat Liver and Adipose Tissue. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819843380. [PMID: 31205454 PMCID: PMC6537504 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819843380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Roundup is a popular herbicide containing glyphosate as an active ingredient. The formulation of Roundup is speculated to have critical toxic effects, one among which is chronic inflammation. The present study analyzed adverse inflammatory effects in the liver and adipose tissue of rats after a subacute exposure of Roundup. Adult male rats were exposed to various doses of Roundup (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg bodyweight [bw] glyphosate) orally, everyday for 14 days. On day 15, liver and adipose tissues from dosed rats were analyzed for inflammation markers. C-reactive protein in liver, cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and inflammatory response marker, and prostaglandin–endoperoxide synthase were upregulated in liver and adipose of rats exposed to higher (100 and 250 mg/kg bw/d) doses of Roundup. Cumulatively, our data suggest development of inflammation in lipid and hepatic organs upon exposure to Roundup. Furthermore, liver histological studies showed formation of vacuoles, fibroid tissue, and glycogen depletion in the groups treated with doses of higher Roundup. These observations suggest progression of fatty liver disease in Roundup-treated adult rats. In summary, our data suggest progression of multiorgan inflammation, liver scarring, and dysfunction post short-term exposure of Roundup in adult male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparamita Pandey
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Prachi Dhabade
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Anand Kumarasamy
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Vogel CFA, Ishihara Y, Campbell CE, Kado SY, Nguyen-Chi A, Sweeney C, Pollet M, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Tuscano JM. A Protective Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor in Inflammation and Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050589. [PMID: 31035533 PMCID: PMC6563059 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is known for mediating the toxicity of environmental pollutants such as dioxins and numerous dioxin-like compounds, and is associated with the promotion of various malignancies, including lymphoma. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AhRR), a ligand-independent, transcriptionally inactive AhR-like protein is known to repress AhR signaling through its ability to compete with the AhR for dimerization with the AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT). While AhRR effectively blocks AhR signaling, several aspects of the mechanism of AhRR’s functions are poorly understood, including suppression of inflammatory responses and its putative role as a tumor suppressor. In a transgenic mouse that overexpresses AhRR (AhRR Tg) we discovered that these mice suppress 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)- and inflammation-induced tumor growth after subcutaneous challenge of EL4 lymphoma cells. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) we found that AhRR overexpression suppresses the AhR-mediated anti-apoptotic response. The AhRR-mediated inhibition of apoptotic resistance was associated with a suppressed expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, which was dependent on activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and the CAAT-enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ). These results provide mechanistic insights into the role of the AhRR to suppress inflammation and highlight the AhRR as a potential therapeutic target to suppress tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Claire E Campbell
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Sarah Y Kado
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Aimy Nguyen-Chi
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Colleen Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Marius Pollet
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | - Joseph M Tuscano
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Li G, Ni A, Yu M. Pretumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Cancerization or anticancerization? Gene 2019; 701:46-54. [PMID: 30902783 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment (TM) has been deeply concerned. However, the pretumor microenvironment (PTM) was poorly understood. The purpose in this study was to explore the possible pathophysiological features of PTM before hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) appearance. METHODS Mouse livers with no swelling but with tumors present elsewhere in the body after subcutaneous injection of H22 in the fore underarm were considered a PTM, HCC tumors presenting far away from the PTM were regarded as a TM, and the healthy livers of mice without injection of H22 were regarded as a physiological microenvironment (PM). The transcriptomes of samples were generated using RNA-seq and validated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Overall, 4483 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the TM compared with the PTM (TM/PTM), but only 194 were altered in the PTM compared with the PM (PTM/PM). Among those 194 DEGs, 104 displayed upregulation and 90 downregulation. Some of these DEGs could promote the ability to resist cancerization or facilitate cancer metastasis, while others indicated liver impairment. The DEGs were involved in 16 relevant pathways. Additionally, the frequency of alternative splicing (AS) in the DEGs in various samples was positively related to the expression of those DEGs. CONCLUSIONS The PTM initiatively armed itself to combat cancerization when its indications appeared although the PTM did not manifest any tissue swelling. However, the cancer cells were negatively influencing immunity to prevent clearance and positively promoting transformation to construct a suitable environment. During transformation by cancer cells, some genes with acquired AS participated in the construction of the PTM. This alteration created an invadable space and an appropriate environment for cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genliang Li
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Anni Ni
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengyao Yu
- Donghai county hospital, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
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Alves ADF, Baldissera VD, Chiela ECF, Cerski CTS, Fontes PRO, Fernandes MDC, Porawski M, Giovenardi M. Altered expression of COX-2 and TNF-α in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2019; 111:364-370. [PMID: 30810331 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.5898/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of cancer related with inflammation, as 90% of cases develop in a chronic inflammation condition. Excess inflammation can affect tissue homeostasis. Cytokines and inflammatory mediators are immunological components that can influence the functioning of cells and tissues. In addition, the estrogen receptor appears to play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of inflammatory markers and ER in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS data from 143 patients of ISCMPA were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was performed of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and ER in paraffin-embedded hepatic tissue. The percentage of the stained area, intensity of staining and of the number of ER positive nuclei were evaluated using the ImageJ 1.50 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the percentage of marked area (p = 0.040) for COX-2 and the intensity of staining of TNF-α (p = 0.030). No significant differences were observed in any of other parameters evaluated. In conclusion, COX-2 and TNF-α are possible markers that should be further studied to determine their immunohistochemical profile and role in HCC development.
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Abstract
Studies in psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) would provide better insights into the "whole mind-body system." Systems biology models of the complex adaptive systems (CASs), such as a conceptual framework of "Yin-Yang dynamics," may be helpful for identifying systems-based biomarkers and targets for more effective prevention and treatment. The disturbances in the Yin-Yang dynamical balance may result in stress, inflammation, and various disorders including insomnia, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, skin disorders, and cancer. At the molecular and cellular levels, the imbalances in the cytokine pathways, mitochondria networks, redox systems, and various signaling pathways may contribute to systemic inflammation. In the nervous system, Yin and Yang may represent the dynamical associations between the progressive and regressive processes in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. In response to the damages to the heart, the Yin-Yang dynamical balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine networks is crucial. The studies of cancer have revealed the importance of the Yin-Yang dynamics in the tumoricidal and tumorigenic activities of the immune system. Stress-induced neuroimmune imbalances are also essential in chronic skin disorders including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. With the integrative framework, the restoration of the Yin-Yang dynamics can become the objective of dynamical systems medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yan
- PharmTao, Santa Clara, CA, USA. .,University of Maryland University College, Adelphi, MD, USA.
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81
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Aung MT, Ferguson KK, Cantonwine DE, Bakulski KM, Mukherjee B, Loch-Caruso R, McElrath TF, Meeker JD. Associations between maternal plasma measurements of inflammatory markers and urinary levels of phenols and parabens during pregnancy: A repeated measures study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1131-1140. [PMID: 30308801 PMCID: PMC6236678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal immune system regulation is critical for maintenance of a healthy pregnancy and fetal development. Exposure to phenols and parabens is widespread, and may be linked to systemic inflammation and alteration of circulating immunological biomarkers. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize associations between repeated measures of individual urinary phenols, parabens and plasma inflammatory markers across pregnancy. METHODS In the LIFECODES prospective birth cohort, we conducted a nested preterm birth case-control study, including 130 cases and 352 controls. In urine samples collected from each participant at up to four study visits during pregnancy, we measured concentrations of six phenols and four parabens, as well as five plasma inflammatory markers. We used multivariable linear mixed models to analyze repeated measures of exposures on inflammatory markers. We created and applied inverse probability weights to account for the sampling approach. RESULTS We observed bidirectional associations between select phenols and parabens and inflammatory markers. An interquartile range increase in triclosan (55.2 ng/mL) was associated with a 12.5% (95% CI: 3.67, 22.0) increase in C-reactive protein, a 7.95% (95% CI: 1.95, 14.3) increase in interleukin 10, and a 7.93% (95% CI: 3.82, 12,2) increase in tumor necrosis factor-α. Additionally, an interquartile range increase in 2,5-dichlorophenol (11.0 ng/mL) was associated with a 10% increase in C-reactive protein (95% CI: 1.92, 18.7). Conversely, an interquartile range increase in ethyl paraben (10.4 ng/mL) was associated with a 7.7% decrease in interleukin‑1β (95% CI: -14.1, -0.86). CONCLUSIONS Our findings can be organized into two thematic frameworks, one where concentrations of urinary phenols and parabens during pregnancy reflected a pro-inflammatory relationship with immunological biomarkers, and the other contrary theme - an anti-inflammatory relationship. These findings have implications for fetal development and reproductive outcomes, and emphasize the need for further research on immunological mechanisms of phenol and paraben action during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max T Aung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Li L, Ji Y, Fan J, Li F, Li Y, Wu M, Cheng H, Xu C. Demethylzeylasteral (T-96) inhibits triple-negative breast cancer invasion by blocking the canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:593-603. [PMID: 30729271 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the characteristic features during the development of human tumors. A pro-inflammatory cytokine that is known to promote inflammation during cancer development is the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). On the other hand, demethylzeylasteral (T-96) is a natural compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, which has been reported to have various pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. We investigated the effects of T-96 on the highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Cell migration was assessed by scratch-wound migration assay, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of T-96 were examined by qPCR and Western blot analyses. We also investigated the suppression effects of T-96 on the pulmonary metastasis in the 4T1 mouse model. T-96 inhibited TGF-β-induced migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition both in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that T-96 inhibited invasion of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells via suppressing the canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi Ji
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junting Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Furong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Mianhua Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haibo Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Changliang Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Emfietzoglou R, Spyrou N, Mantzoros CS, Dalamaga M. Could the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A be implicated in the pathogenesis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer? Metabolic considerations and future directions. Metabolism 2019; 91:61-69. [PMID: 30458176 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA), a prototype endocrine disrupting molecule, has been associated with many disease entities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, polycystic ovarian disease, cardiovascular disease, reproductive and neurodevelopmental disorders. BPA has also been associated mainly with not only hormone sensitive cancers such as breast, prostate, endometrial, ovarian, testicular and thyroid cancers but also non-hormonal sensitive cancers such as cervical and lung cancers, osteosarcoma and meningioma. Recent research has investigated the sources of contamination which are responsible for higher BPA concentrations in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal space, representing the first site of BPA exposure after ingestion. Besides growing awareness and case registration, the incidence and prevalence of oral (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) have increased during the last decades correlating with the increased production of BPA worldwide. So far, no study in the medical literature has explored the association of BPA with OC and OPC. BPA may be linked to the etiopathogenesis of OC and OPC through a multitude of mechanisms encompassing and interconnecting genetic, epigenetic, inflammatory, immune, metabolic, hormonal and oxidative stress alterations as well as modulation of oral microbiome. Hence, it is not possible to rule out a potential role of BPA exposure in oral and oropharyngeal tissue carcinogenesis, especially knowing its potential to participate in other non-hormonal sensitive malignancies and to deregulate signaling pathways implicated in OC and OPC. This perspective aims at outlining evidence and proposing for the first time a potential link between BPA with OC and OPC, the most frequent subtypes of head and neck malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodopi Emfietzoglou
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- 251 Airforce General Hospital, Kanellopoulou 3, 115 25 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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Aung MT, Ferguson KK, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Meeker JD. Preterm birth in relation to the bisphenol A replacement, bisphenol S, and other phenols and parabens. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:131-138. [PMID: 30448626 PMCID: PMC6347500 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preterm birth continues to be a significant public heath concern and is a leading cause of perinatal and infant mortality. Environmental exposures to phenols and parabens are suspected to potentially contribute to the pathology of preterm birth, yet limited human studies have characterized the extent to which these toxicants are associated with birth outcomes. METHODS We examined the associations between phenols, parabens, and preterm birth, within pregnant women who were recruited early in gestation into the LIFECODES cohort at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Urine samples were collected at up to 4 time points in pregnancy and analyzed for phenols and parabens. We selected 130 cases of preterm birth (defined as delivery before 37 weeks gestation), and 350 random controls. We categorized preterm birth subtypes based on clinical presentation and identified 75 cases of spontaneous preterm birth (characterized by spontaneous preterm labor and/or preterm premature rupture of membranes), and 37 cases of placental preterm birth (characterized by preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction). We used multivariate logistic regression with visit specific and geometric averages of phenols and parabens to determine associations with preterm birth. RESULTS We observed moderate variability in urinary phenol and paraben concentrations over pregnancy with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging between 0.45 and 0.68. Regression analyses indicated mostly null associations. We observed inverse associations, notably between 2,5-dichlorophenol and overall preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval, CI]: 0.79 [0.67 - 0.94]), and this relationship was consistent by study visit. Conversely, ethyl paraben was associated with increased risk for placental preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.47 [1.14 - 1.91]). Bisphenol-S detection at visit 4 was associated with overall preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 2.05 [1.09, 3.89]). CONCLUSIONS While the findings from this study largely indicate null associations, we observed some relationships between select phenols, parabens and preterm birth, which warrants further investigation of these toxicants and birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max T Aung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Bruno KA, Mathews JE, Yang AL, Frisancho JA, Scott AJ, Greyner HD, Molina FA, Greenaway MS, Cooper GM, Bucek A, Morales-Lara AC, Hill AR, Mease AA, Di Florio DN, Sousou JM, Coronado AC, Stafford AR, Fairweather D. BPA Alters Estrogen Receptor Expression in the Heart After Viral Infection Activating Cardiac Mast Cells and T Cells Leading to Perimyocarditis and Fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:598. [PMID: 31551929 PMCID: PMC6737078 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease that leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure. Sex hormones play an important role in the development of myocarditis with testosterone driving disease in males and estrogen being cardioprotective in females. The human population is widely exposed to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) from plastics such as water bottles, plastic food containers, copy paper, and receipts. Several clinical and numerous animal studies have found an association between elevated BPA levels and cardiovascular disease. A recent report found elevated levels of BPA in the serum of patients with DCM compared to healthy controls. In this study we examined whether exposure to BPA for 2 weeks prior to viral infection and leading up to myocarditis at day 10 altered inflammation in female BALB/c mice housed in standard plastic cages/water bottles with soy-free food and bedding. We found that a human relevant dose of BPA (25 μg/L) in drinking water, with an estimated exposure of 5 μg BPA/kg BW, significantly increased myocarditis and pericarditis compared to control water without altering viral genome levels in the heart. BPA exposure activated ERα and ERβ in the spleen 24 h after infection and phosphorylated ERα and ERβ during myocarditis, but decreased ERα and increased ERβ mRNA in the heart as measured by qRT-PCR. Exposure to BPA significantly increased CD4+ T cells, IFNγ, IL-17A, TLR4, caspase-1, and IL-1β in the heart. BPA exposure also increased cardiac fibrosis compared to controls. Mast cells, which are associated with cardiac remodeling, were found to increase in number and degranulation, particularly along the pericardium. Interestingly, plastic caging/water bottle exposure alone led to increased mast cell numbers, pericardial degranulation and fibrosis in female BALB/c mice compared to animals housed in glass cages/water bottles with soy-free food and bedding. These data suggest that BPA exposure may increase the risk of developing myocarditis after a viral infection in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Ann Bruno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Alex Lingyun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J. Augusto Frisancho
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ashley Jennie Scott
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Henry David Greyner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Frank Anthony Molina
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Merci Shekinah Greenaway
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - George Maxwell Cooper
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Adriana Bucek
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Anneliese Ruth Hill
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Anna Alisa Mease
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Damian Nicolas Di Florio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - John Michael Sousou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Allison Ray Stafford
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - DeLisa Fairweather
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: DeLisa Fairweather
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Angel PM, Schwamborn K, Comte-Walters S, Clift C, Ball LE, Mehta AS, Drake RR. Extracellular Matrix Imaging of Breast Tissue Pathologies by MALDI-Imaging Mass Spectrometry. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1700152. [PMID: 30251340 PMCID: PMC6730639 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A new method accessing proteins from extracellular matrix by imaging mass spectrometry (ECM IMS) has been recently reported. ECM IMS is evaluated for use in exploring breast tissue pathologies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A tissue microarray (TMA) is analyzed that has 176 cores of biopsies and lumpectomies spanning breast pathologies of inflammation, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma and normal adjacent to tumor (NAT). NAT is compared to subtypes by area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) >0.7. A lumpectomy is also characterized for collagen organization by microscopy and stromal protein distribution by IMS. LC-based high-resolution accurate mass (HRAM) proteomics is used to identify proteins from the lumpectomy. RESULTS TMA analysis shows distinct spectral signatures reflecting a heterogeneous tissue microenvironment. Ninety-four peaks show an ROC > 0.7 compared to NAT; NAT has overall higher intensities. Lumpectomy analysis by IMS visualizes a complex central tumor region with distal tumor regions. A total of 39 stromal proteins are identified by HRAM LC-based proteomics. Accurate mass matches between image data and LC-based proteomics demonstrate a heterogeneous collagen type environment in the central tumor. CONCLUSIONS Data portray the heterogeneous stromal microenvironment of breast pathologies, including alteration of multiple collagen-type patterns. ECM IMS is a promising new tool for investigating the stromal microenvironment of breast tissue including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggi M. Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Susana Comte-Walters
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Cassandra Clift
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Lauren E. Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Anand S. Mehta
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Richard R. Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology; MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Chen M, Zhao F, Xu S. Atrazine exposure triggers common carp neutrophil apoptosis via the CYP450s/ROS pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:551-557. [PMID: 30308298 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the excessive pursuit of crop yields and the abuse of herbicides, water pollution caused by atrazine (ATR) has become one of the most severe environmental issues threatening the health of fish and aquatic animals. However, no detailed report has been conducted on the mechanisms of ATR immunotoxicity in fish neutrophils. To investigate these mechanism, we exposed peripheral blood neutrophils to 25 μg/ml atrazine for 1, 2, and 3 h. The results showed that ATR induced the mRNA expression of CYPs enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP1C and CYP3A138), which increased the ROS levels, and inhibited the SOD and CAT activities, GSH content and spurred the accumulation of MDA. Additionally, a significant decline in the OXPHOS, Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities of mitochondria was observed after ATR exposure. Concurrently, ATR activated Caspase3 and induced apoptosis by changing the expression of mitochondrial pathway factors (Bcl-2, BAX, Caspase9) and death receptor pathway major genes (TNF-α, TNFR, Fas, FasL, and Caspase8). The results reported here indicate that the oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage caused by ATR metabolism may play a crucial role in the apoptosis of carp neutrophils, and enrich the immunotoxicological mechanisms of ATR observed in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Qiaojian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shufang Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Menghao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Fuqing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Department of Veterinary and Husbandry, Liao ning Agricultural Technical College, Ying kou, Liao ning, 115009, China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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88
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Zuccarello P, Oliveri Conti G, Cavallaro F, Copat C, Cristaldi A, Fiore M, Ferrante M. Implication of dietary phthalates in breast cancer. A systematic review. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:667-674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Shin JH, Yu E, Kim EN, Kim CJ. C-reactive Protein Overexpression in the Background Liver of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is a Prognostic Biomarker. J Pathol Transl Med 2018; 52:267-274. [PMID: 30056637 PMCID: PMC6166009 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2018.07.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Peripheral blood C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and CRP overexpression in HCC cells are proven to be prognostic markers for HCC, but the significance of CRP expression in non-neoplastic hepatocytes, which are the primary origin of CRP, has not been studied. This study was conducted to determine the clinicopathologic significance of CRP immunoreactivity in the background liver of HBV-associated HCC. Methods CRP immunostaining was done on tissue microarrays of non-neoplastic liver tissues obtained from surgically resected, treatment-naïve HBV-associated HCCs (n = 156). The relationship between CRP immunoreactivity and other clinicopathologic parameters including cancer-specific survival was analyzed. CRP immunoreactivity was determined using a 4-tier grading system: grades 0, 1, 2, and 3. Results CRP was positive in 139 of 156 cases (89.1%) of non-neoplastic liver in patients with HCCs: grade 1 in 83 cases (53.2%); grade 2 in 50 cases (32.1%); and grade 3 in six cases (3.8%). The patients with diffuse CRP immunoreactivity (grade 3) had decreased cancer-specific survival (p = .031) and a tendency for shorter interval before early recurrence (p = .050). The degree of CRP immunoreactivity correlated with serum CRP concentration (p < .001). Conclusions CRP immunoreactivity in non-neoplastic liver is a novel biomarker for poor cancer-specific survival of HBV-associated HCC and correlates with serum CRP concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ho Shin
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunsil Yu
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Na Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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90
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Montero-Montoya R, López-Vargas R, Arellano-Aguilar O. Volatile Organic Compounds in Air: Sources, Distribution, Exposure and Associated Illnesses in Children. Ann Glob Health 2018; 84:225-238. [PMID: 30873816 PMCID: PMC6748254 DOI: 10.29024/aogh.910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC), like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), are atmospheric pollutants representing a threat to human health. They are released into the environment from mobile sources in urban settings, but newly polluted areas are gaining importance in countries where accelerated industrialization is taking place in suburban or rural settings. METHODS The review includes studies done in Mexico and Latin-America and countries considered to have emerging economies and are compared with similar studies in developed countries. Data about environmental VOC levels and exposure of children have been included. Also, information about health effects was reviewed. Articles were searched in PubMed and Scopus, and information was also obtained from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the EPAs Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS-EPA) and state reports on air quality of Mexican cities. RESULTS VOC or BTEX levels reported in industrial and suburban areas were found to be higher due to the burning of fossil fuels and waste emission; whereas, in big cities, VOC emissions were mainly due to mobile sources. Even though TEX levels were under reference values, benzene was found at levels several times over this value in cities and even higher in industrial zones. Elevated VOC emissions were also reported in cities with industrial development in their peripheral rural areas.Public health relevance: Industrial activities have changed the way of life of small towns, which previously had no concern about environmental pollution and chemicals. No air monitoring is done in these places where toxic chemicals are released into rivers and the atmosphere. This work demonstrates the need for environmental monitors to protect human life in suburban and rural areas where industrial growth occurs without planning and ecological or health protection, compromising the health of new generations beginning in fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocío López-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, MX
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Rubini E, Altieri F, Chichiarelli S, Giamogante F, Carissimi S, Paglia G, Macone A, Eufemi M. STAT3, a Hub Protein of Cellular Signaling Pathways, Is Triggered by β-Hexaclorocyclohexane. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072108. [PMID: 30036966 PMCID: PMC6073614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are widely distributed in the environment and their toxicity is mostly associated with the molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruption. Among OCPs, particular attention was focused on the effects of β-hexaclorocyclohexane (β-HCH), a widely common pollutant. A detailed epidemiological study carried out on exposed population in the "Valle del Sacco" found correlations between the incidence of a wide range of diseases and the occurrence of β-HCH contamination. Taking into account the pleiotropic role of the protein signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), its function as a hub protein in cellular signaling pathways triggered by β-HCH was investigated in different cell lines corresponding to tissues that are especially vulnerable to damage by environmental pollutants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human prostate cancer (LNCaP), human breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB 468), and human hepatoma (HepG2) cell lines were treated with 10 μM β-HCH in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors for different receptors. All samples were subjected to analysis by immunoblotting and RT-qPCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The preliminary results allow us to hypothesize the involvement of STAT3, through both its canonical and non-canonical pathways, in response to β-HCH. Moreover, we ascertained the role of STAT3 as a master regulator of energy metabolism via the altered expression and localization of HIF-1α and PKM2, respectively, resulting in a Warburg-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Rubini
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefania Carissimi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuliano Paglia
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Khatami M. Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and 'Dark Energy': loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism). Clin Transl Med 2018; 7:20. [PMID: 29961900 PMCID: PMC6026585 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-018-0193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of health involves a synchronized network of catabolic and anabolic signals among organs/tissues/cells that requires differential bioenergetics from mitochondria and glycolysis (biological laws or biorhythms). We defined biological circadian rhythms as Yin (tumoricidal) and Yang (tumorigenic) arms of acute inflammation (effective immunity) involving immune and non-immune systems. Role of pathogens in altering immunity and inducing diseases and cancer has been documented for over a century. However, in 1955s decision makers in cancer/medical establishment allowed public (current baby boomers) to consume million doses of virus-contaminated polio vaccines. The risk of cancer incidence and mortality sharply rose from 5% (rate of hereditary/genetic or innate disease) in 1900s, to its current scary status of 33% or 50% among women and men, respectively. Despite better hygiene, modern detection technologies and discovery of antibiotics, baby boomers and subsequent 2–3 generations are sicker than previous generations at same age. American health status ranks last among other developed nations while America invests highest amount of resources for healthcare. In this perspective we present evidence that cancer is an induced disease of twentieth century, facilitated by a great deception of cancer/medical establishment for huge corporate profits. Unlike popularized opinions that cancer is 100, 200 or 1000 diseases, we demonstrate that cancer is only one disease; the severe disturbances in biorhythms (differential bioenergetics) or loss of balance in Yin and Yang of effective immunity. Cancer projects that are promoted and funded by decision makers are reductionist approaches, wrong and unethical and resulted in loss of millions of precious lives and financial toxicity to society. Public vaccination with pathogen-specific vaccines (e.g., flu, hepatitis, HPV, meningitis, measles) weakens, not promotes, immunity. Results of irresponsible projects on cancer sciences or vaccines are increased population of drug-dependent sick society. Outcome failure rates of claimed ‘targeted’ drugs, ‘precision’ or ‘personalized’ medicine are 90% (± 5) for solid tumors. We demonstrate that aging, frequent exposures to environmental hazards, infections and pathogen-specific vaccines and ingredients are ‘antigen overload’ for immune system, skewing the Yin and Yang response profiles and leading to induction of ‘mild’, ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’ immune disorders. Induction of decoy or pattern recognition receptors (e.g., PRRs), such as IRAK-M or IL-1dRs (‘designer’ molecules) and associated genomic instability and over-expression of growth promoting factors (e.g., pyruvate kinases, mTOR and PI3Ks, histamine, PGE2, VEGF) could lead to immune tolerance, facilitating cancer cells to hijack anabolic machinery of immunity (Yang) for their increased growth requirements. Expression of constituent embryonic factors would negatively regulate differentiation of tumor cells through epithelial–mesenchymal-transition and create “dual negative feedback loop” that influence tissue metabolism under hypoxic conditions. It is further hypothesized that induction of tolerance creates ‘dark energy’ and increased entropy and temperature in cancer microenvironment allowing disorderly cancer proliferation and mitosis along with increased glucose metabolism via Crabtree and Pasteur Effects, under mitophagy and ribophagy, conditions that are toxic to host survival. Effective translational medicine into treatment requires systematic and logical studies of complex interactions of tumor cells with host environment that dictate clinical outcomes. Promoting effective immunity (biological circadian rhythms) are fundamental steps in correcting host differential bioenergetics and controlling cancer growth, preventing or delaying onset of diseases and maintaining public health. The author urges independent professionals and policy makers to take a closer look at cancer dilemma and stop the ‘scientific/medical ponzi schemes’ of a powerful group that control a drug-dependent sick society before all hopes for promoting public health evaporate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation, Aging and Cancer, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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93
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Boss J, Zhai J, Aung MT, Ferguson KK, Johns LE, McElrath TF, Meeker JD, Mukherjee B. Associations between mixtures of urinary phthalate metabolites with gestational age at delivery: a time to event analysis using summative phthalate risk scores. Environ Health 2018; 17:56. [PMID: 29925380 PMCID: PMC6011420 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a significant public health concern and exposure to phthalates has been shown to be associated with an increased odds of preterm birth. Even modest reductions in gestational age at delivery could entail morbid consequences for the neonate and analyzing data with this additional information may be useful. In the present analysis, we consider gestational age at delivery as our outcome of interest and examine associations with multiple phthalates. METHODS Women were recruited early in pregnancy as part of a prospective, longitudinal birth cohort at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Urine samples were collected at up to four time points during gestation for urinary phthalate metabolite measurement, and birth outcomes were recorded at delivery. From this population, we selected all 130 cases of preterm birth (< 37 weeks of gestation) as well as 352 random controls. We conducted analysis with both geometric average of the exposure concentrations across the first three visits as well as using repeated measures of the exposure. Two different time to event models were used to examine associations between nine urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and time to delivery. Two different approaches to constructing a summative phthalate risk score were also considered. RESULTS The single-pollutant analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model showed the strongest association with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.21 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 1.33) per interquartile range (IQR) change in average log-transformed mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECPP) concentration. Using the accelerated failure time model, we observed a 1.19% (95% CI: 0.26, 2.11%) decrease in gestational age in association with an IQR change in average log-transformed MECPP. We next examined associations with an environmental risk score (ERS). The fourth quartile of ERS was significantly associated with a HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.75) and a reduction of 2.55% (95% CI: 0.76, 4.30%) in time to delivery (in days) compared to the first quartile. CONCLUSIONS On average, pregnant women with higher urinary metabolite concentrations of individual phthalates have shorter time to delivery. The strength of the observed associations are amplified with the risk scores when compared to individual pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Boss
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jingyi Zhai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Max T. Aung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC USA
| | - Lauren E. Johns
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
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Zhou Y, Wei Q, Fan J, Cheng S, Ding W, Hua Z. Prognostic role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis containing 8252 patients. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 479:181-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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95
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Helicobacter pylori infection promotes Aquaporin 3 expression via the ROS–HIF-1α–AQP3–ROS loop in stomach mucosa: a potential novel mechanism for cancer pathogenesis. Oncogene 2018; 37:3549-3561. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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96
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Zhang F, Yang P, Qin L, Zhang J. Adverse stimulation of 4-nonylphenol in abnormal reproductive organs of female chickens. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110029-110038. [PMID: 29299127 PMCID: PMC5746362 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Nonylphenol (4-NP) is a known endocrine disrupting chemical and a persistent environmental contaminant. However, the 4-NP caused mechanism of reproductive toxicity still remains largely unknown in birds. In this study, female chickens (Hy-Line Variety White) were dosed via oral gavage in the early laying period with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg 4-NP/kg/d for 60 days. Food intake and weight increase were monitored in this organism to investigate chicken growth and development. Moreover, pathological changes of reproductive organs, serum hormone, and mRNA changes on the HPOA were detected. The results showed that gonad development and maturity were retarded in female chickens, and the circulating concentrations of sex hormones were disordered in 4-NP-treated chicken. In 4-NP exposed animals, the mRNA expressions of GnRH and PRLH in hypothalamus and FSH and LH in pituitary were significantly unregulated by 4-NP. In addition, expressions of FSHR and LHR were down-regulated in ovaries of the 4-NP-treatment group, while the levels of stAR, P450scc, P450arom, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD were up-regulated in ovaries. Furthermore, expression of ERα in the ovaries of chicken was up-regulated, however, no significant change was observed for ERβ expression. Our results suggest that granulosa cells were an important target and severely disturbed by 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Operating Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, 276000, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, 276000, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Laboratory Animal Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Youth League Committee, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, 276000, China
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97
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Ortiz-Villanueva E, Navarro-Martín L, Jaumot J, Benavente F, Sanz-Nebot V, Piña B, Tauler R. Metabolic disruption of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by bisphenol A. An integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:22-36. [PMID: 28780062 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly recognized as an endocrine disruptor, the metabolic consequences of its exposure are still poorly understood. In this study, we present a non-targeted LC-MS based metabolomic analysis in combination with a full-genome, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to reveal the metabolic effects and the subjacent regulatory pathways of exposing zebrafish embryos to BPA during the first 120 hours post-fertilization. We applied multivariate data analysis methods to extract biochemical information from the LC-MS and RNA-Seq complex datasets and to perform testable predictions of the phenotypic adverse effects. Metabolomic and transcriptomic data revealed a similar subset of altered pathways, despite the large difference in the number of identified biomarkers (around 50 metabolites and more than 1000 genes). These results suggest that even a moderate coverage of zebrafish metabolome may be representative of the global metabolic changes. These multi-omic responses indicate a specific metabolic disruption by BPA affecting different signaling pathways, such as retinoid and prostaglandin metabolism. The combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic data allowed a dynamic interpretation of the results that could not be drawn from either single dataset. These results illustrate the utility of -omic integrative analyses for characterizing the physiological effects of toxicants beyond the mere indication of the affected pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ortiz-Villanueva
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Navarro-Martín
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Jaumot
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benjamín Piña
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Losada-Echeberría M, Herranz-López M, Micol V, Barrajón-Catalán E. Polyphenols as Promising Drugs against Main Breast Cancer Signatures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:E88. [PMID: 29112149 PMCID: PMC5745498 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide, and in spite of clinical and pharmacological advances, it is still a clinical problem, causing morbidity and mortality. On the one hand, breast cancer shares with other neoplasms some molecular signatures such as an imbalanced redox state, cell cycle alterations, increased proliferation and an inflammatory status. On the other hand, breast cancer shows differential molecular subtypes that determine its prognosis and treatment. These are characterized mainly by hormone receptors especially estrogen receptors (ERs) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Tumors with none of these receptors are classified as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and are associated with a worse prognosis. The success of treatments partially depends on their specificity and the adequate molecular classification of tumors. New advances in anticancer drug discovery using natural compounds have been made in the last few decades, and polyphenols have emerged as promising molecules. They may act on various molecular targets because of their promiscuous behavior, presenting several physiological effects, some of which confer antitumor activity. This review analyzes the accumulated evidence of the antitumor effects of plant polyphenols on breast cancer, with special attention to their activity on ERs and HER2 targets and also covering different aspects such as redox balance, uncontrolled proliferation and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Losada-Echeberría
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - María Herranz-López
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain.
| | - Vicente Micol
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain.
- CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Palma de Mallorca 07122, Spain.
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain.
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99
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Sun D, Cao J, Zhang Y, Huo X. Alteration of the number and percentage of innate immune cells in preschool children from an e-waste recycling area. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:615-622. [PMID: 28806563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are widespread environmental contaminants and exert detrimental effects on the immune system. We evaluated the association between Pb/Cd exposures and innate immune cells in children from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area. A total number of 294 preschool children were recruited, including 153 children from Guiyu (e-waste exposed group), and 141 from Haojiang (reference group). Pb and Cd levels in peripheral blood were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer, NK cell percentages were detected by flow cytometer, and other innate immune cells including monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils were immediately measured by automated hematology analyzer. Results showed children in Guiyu had significantly higher Pb and Cd levels than in reference group. Absolute counts of monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils, as well as percentages of eosinophils and neutrophils were significantly higher in the Guiyu group. In contrast, NK cell percentages were significantly lower in Guiyu group. Pb elicited significant escalation in counts of monocytes, eosinophils and basophils, as well as percentages of monocytes, but decline in percentages of neutrophils in different quintiles with respect to the first quintile of Pb concentrations. Cd induced significant increase in counts and percentages of neutrophils in the highest quintile compared with the first quintile of Cd concentrations. We concluded alteration of the number and percentage of innate immune cells are linked to higher levels of Pb and Cd, which indicates Pb and Cd exposures might affect the innate and adaptive immune response in Guiyu children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Sun
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjun Cao
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangzhou and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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100
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Uyemura SA, Stopper H, Martin FL, Kannen V. A Perspective Discussion on Rising Pesticide Levels and Colon Cancer Burden in Brazil. Front Public Health 2017; 5:273. [PMID: 29085820 PMCID: PMC5650604 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is a mainstay of many developing countries’ economy, such as Brazil. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Brazil is the major global consumer of pesticides. Irrespective of the fact that the International Agency for Research on Cancer suggests that pesticides promote human cancer risk, a prospective study reports that colorectal cancer (CRC) burden will increase in developing countries by approximately 60% in the coming decades. Here, we review the literature and public data from the Brazilian Federal Government to explore why pesticides levels and new cases of colon cancer (CC) are rising rapidly in the country. CC incidence is the second most common malignancy in men and women in the South and the Southeast of Brazil. However, while these regions have almost doubled their pesticide levels and CC mortality in 14 years, the amount of sold pesticides increased 5.2-fold with a corresponding 6.2-fold increase in CC mortality in Northern and Northeastern states. Interestingly, mortality from endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases are rapidly increasing, in close resemblance with the pesticide detection levels in food. Taken together, we discuss the possibility that pesticides might alter the risk of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Akira Uyemura
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Helga Stopper
- Department of Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Francis L Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Vinicius Kannen
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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