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Zhang R, Wang N, Li S, Wang Y, Xiao S, Zhang Y, Egrinya Eneji A, Zhang M, Wang B, Duan L, Li F, Tian X, Li Z. Gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor mepiquat chloride enhances root K+ uptake in cotton by modulating plasma membrane H+-ATPase. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6659-6671. [PMID: 34161578 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium deficiency causes severe losses in yield and quality in crops. Mepiquat chloride, a plant growth regulator, can increase K+ uptake in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), but the underlying physiological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we used a non-invasive micro-test technique to measure K+ and H+ fluxes in the root apex with or without inhibitors of K+ channels, K+ transporters, non-selective cation channels, and plasma membrane H+-ATPases. We found that soaking seeds in mepiquat chloride solution increased the K+ influx mediated by K+ channels and reduced the K+ efflux mediated by non-selective cation channels in cotton seedlings. Mepiquat chloride also increased negative membrane potential (Em) and the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPases in roots, due to higher levels of gene expression and protein accumulation of plasma membrane H+-ATPases as well as phosphorylation of H+-ATPase 11 (GhAHA11). Thus, plasma membrane hyperpolarization mediated by H+-ATPases was able to stimulate the activity of K+ channels in roots treated with mepiquat chloride. In addition, reduced K+ efflux under mepiquat chloride treatment was associated with reduced accumulation of H2O2 in roots. Our results provide important insights into the mechanisms of mepiquat chloride-induced K+ uptake in cotton and hence have the potential to help in improving K nutrition for enhancing cotton production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shuying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - A Egrinya Eneji
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, 540271, Nigeria
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Razzaq A, Saleem F, Wani SH, Abdelmohsen SAM, Alyousef HA, Abdelbacki AMM, Alkallas FH, Tamam N, Elansary HO. De-novo Domestication for Improving Salt Tolerance in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:681367. [PMID: 34603347 PMCID: PMC8481614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Global agriculture production is under serious threat from rapidly increasing population and adverse climate changes. Food security is currently a huge challenge to feed 10 billion people by 2050. Crop domestication through conventional approaches is not good enough to meet the food demands and unable to fast-track the crop yields. Also, intensive breeding and rigorous selection of superior traits causes genetic erosion and eliminates stress-responsive genes, which makes crops more prone to abiotic stresses. Salt stress is one of the most prevailing abiotic stresses that poses severe damages to crop yield around the globe. Recent innovations in state-of-the-art genomics and transcriptomics technologies have paved the way to develop salinity tolerant crops. De novo domestication is one of the promising strategies to produce superior new crop genotypes through exploiting the genetic diversity of crop wild relatives (CWRs). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies open new avenues to identifying the unique salt-tolerant genes from the CWRs. It has also led to the assembly of highly annotated crop pan-genomes to snapshot the full landscape of genetic diversity and recapture the huge gene repertoire of a species. The identification of novel genes alongside the emergence of cutting-edge genome editing tools for targeted manipulation renders de novo domestication a way forward for developing salt-tolerance crops. However, some risk associated with gene-edited crops causes hurdles for its adoption worldwide. Halophytes-led breeding for salinity tolerance provides an alternative strategy to identify extremely salt tolerant varieties that can be used to develop new crops to mitigate salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Saleem
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shaimaa A. M. Abdelmohsen
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa A. Alyousef
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fatemah H. Alkallas
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nissren Tamam
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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53
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Ahmed HAI, Shabala L, Shabala S. Tissue-specificity of ROS-induced K + and Ca 2+ fluxes in succulent stems of the perennial halophyte Sarcocornia quinqueflora in the context of salinity stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:1022-1031. [PMID: 34274889 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability of halophytes to thrive under saline conditions implies efficient ROS detoxification and signalling. In this work, the causal relationship between key membrane transport processes involved in maintaining plant ionic homeostasis and oxidative stress tolerance was investigated in a succulent perennial halophyte Sarcocornia quinqueflora. The flux responses to oxidative stresses induced by either hydroxyl radicals (OH•) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were governed largely by (1) the type of ROS applied; (2) the tissue-specific origin and function (parenchymatic or chlorenchymatic); and (3) the tissue location in respect to the suberized endodermal barrier. The latter implied significant differences in responses between outer (water storage-WS; palisade tissue-Pa) and inner (internal photosynthetic layer-IP; stele parenchyma-SP) stem tissues. The ability of the cell to retain K+ under OH• stress varied between different tissues and was ranked in the following descending order: WS>Pa>IP>SP. OH• always led to Ca2+ influx in all stem tissues, while treatment with H2O2 induced tissue-specific Ca2+ "signatures". The inner/outer K+ ratio was the highest (~2.6) under the optimum NaCl dosage (200 mM) in comparison to non-saline (~0.4) and severe (800 mM; ~0.7) conditions, implying that a higher K+ concentration in the inner tissues is important for optimum growth. The overall results demonstrate a clear link between plant anatomical structure and ability of its tissues to maintain ionic homeostasis, via modulating their ROS sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmed Ibraheem Ahmed
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt.
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
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54
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Britto DT, Coskun D, Kronzucker HJ. Potassium physiology from Archean to Holocene: A higher-plant perspective. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 262:153432. [PMID: 34034042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss biological potassium acquisition and utilization processes over an evolutionary timescale, with emphasis on modern vascular plants. The quintessential osmotic and electrical functions of the K+ ion are shown to be intimately tied to K+-transport systems and membrane energization. Several prominent themes in plant K+-transport physiology are explored in greater detail, including: (1) channel mediated K+ acquisition by roots at low external [K+]; (2) K+ loading of root xylem elements by active transport; (3) variations on the theme of K+ efflux from root cells to the extracellular environment; (4) the veracity and utility of the "affinity" concept in relation to transport systems. We close with a discussion of the importance of plant-potassium relations to our human world, and current trends in potassium nutrition from farm to table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev T Britto
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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55
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Malabarba J, Meents AK, Reichelt M, Scholz SS, Peiter E, Rachowka J, Konopka-Postupolska D, Wilkins KA, Davies JM, Oelmüller R, Mithöfer A. ANNEXIN1 mediates calcium-dependent systemic defense in Arabidopsis plants upon herbivory and wounding. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:243-254. [PMID: 33586181 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellular calcium (Ca) transients are endogenous signals involved in local and systemic signaling and defense activation upon environmental stress, including wounding and herbivory. Still, not all Ca2+ channels contributing to the signaling have been identified, nor are their modes of action fully known. Plant annexins are proteins capable of binding to anionic phospholipids and can exhibit Ca channel-like activity. Arabidopsis ANNEXIN1 (ANN1) is suggested to contribute to Ca transport. Here, we report that wounding and simulated-herbivory-induced cytosolic free Ca elevation was impaired in systemic leaves in ann1 loss-of-function plants. We provide evidence for a role of ANN1 in local and systemic defense of plants attacked by herbivorous Spodoptera littoralis larvae. Bioassays identified ANN1 as a positive defense regulator. Spodoptera littoralis feeding on ann1 gained significantly more weight than larvae feeding on wild-type, whereas those feeding on ANN1-overexpressing lines gained less weight. Herbivory and wounding both induced defense-related responses on treated leaves, such as jasmonate accumulation and defense gene expression. These responses remained local and were strongly reduced in systemic leaves in ann1 plants. Our results indicate that ANN1 plays an important role in activation of systemic rather than local defense in plants attacked by herbivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaiana Malabarba
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
- Postgraduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Anja K Meents
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Sandra S Scholz
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Julia Rachowka
- Plant Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Dorota Konopka-Postupolska
- Plant Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Katie A Wilkins
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB24 6DG, UK
| | - Julia M Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB24 6DG, UK
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
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56
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Wang Y, Dai X, Xu G, Dai Z, Chen P, Zhang T, Zhang H. The Ca 2+-CaM Signaling Pathway Mediates Potassium Uptake by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis in Tobacco Roots Under Low-K + Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:658609. [PMID: 34163499 PMCID: PMC8216240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) deficiency severely threatens crop growth and productivity. Calcium (Ca2+) signaling and its sensors play a central role in the response to low-K+ stress. Calmodulin (CaM) is an important Ca2+ sensor. However, the mechanism by which Ca2+ signaling and CaM mediate the response of roots to low-K+ stress remains unclear. In this study, we found that the K+ concentration significantly decreased in both shoots and roots treated with Ca2+ channel blockers, a Ca2+ chelator, and CaM antagonists. Under low-K+ stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, NAD kinase (NADK), and NADP phosphatase (NADPase) decreased. This indicates that antioxidant enzymes, NADK, and NADPase might be downstream target proteins in the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway, which facilitates K+ uptake in plant roots by mediating ROS homeostasis under low-K+ stress. Moreover, the expression of NtCNGC3, NtCNGC10, K+ channel genes, and transporter genes was significantly downregulated in blocker-treated, chelator-treated, and antagonist-treated plant roots in the low K+ treatment, suggesting that the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway may mediate K+ uptake by regulating the expression of these genes. Overall, this study shows that the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway promotes K+ absorption by regulating ROS homeostasis and the expression of K+ uptake-related genes in plant roots under low-K+ stress.
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Abstract
This review highlights the most recent updated information available about Zn phytotoxicity at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels, uptake mechanisms as well as excess Zn homeostasis in plants. Zinc (Zn) is a natural component of soil in terrestrial environments and is a vital element for plant growth, as it performs imperative functions in numerous metabolic pathways. However, potentially noxious levels of Zn in soils can result in various alterations in plants like reduced growth, photosynthetic and respiratory rate, imbalanced mineral nutrition and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species. Zn enters into soils through various sources, such as weathering of rocks, forest fires, volcanoes, mining and smelting activities, manure, sewage sludge and phosphatic fertilizers. The rising alarm in environmental facet, as well as, the narrow gap between Zn essentiality and toxicity in plants has drawn the attention of the scientific community to its effects on plants and crucial role in agricultural sustainability. Hence, this review focuses on the most recent updates about various physiological and biochemical functions perturbed by high levels of Zn, its mechanisms of uptake and transport as well as molecular aspects of surplus Zn homeostasis in plants. Moreover, this review attempts to understand the mechanisms of Zn toxicity in plants and to present novel perspectives intended to drive future investigations on the topic. The findings will further throw light on various mechanisms adopted by plants to cope with Zn stress which will be of great significance to breeders for enhancing tolerance to Zn contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanjit Kaur
- Department of Botany, Akal University, Bathinda, 151302, Punjab, India
| | - Neera Garg
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Singhal T, Satyavathi CT, Singh SP, Kumar A, Sankar SM, Bhardwaj C, Mallik M, Bhat J, Anuradha N, Singh N. Multi-Environment Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Grain Iron and Zinc Content Using Bi-parental Recombinant Inbred Line Mapping Population in Pearl Millet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:659789. [PMID: 34093617 PMCID: PMC8169987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.659789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet is a climate-resilient, nutritious crop with low input requirements that could provide economic returns in marginal agro-ecologies. In this study, we report quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content from three distinct production environments. We generated a genetic linkage map using 210 F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the (PPMI 683 × PPMI 627) cross using genome-wide simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The molecular linkage map (seven linkage groups) of 151 loci was 3,273.1 cM length (Kosambi). The content of grain Fe in the RIL population ranged between 36 and 114 mg/Kg, and that of Zn from 20 to 106 mg/Kg across the 3 years (2014-2016) at over the three locations (Delhi, Dharwad, and Jodhpur). QTL analysis revealed a total of 22 QTLs for grain Fe and Zn, of which 14 were for Fe and eight were for Zn on three consecutive years at all locations. The observed phenotypic variance (R 2) explained by different QTLs for grain Fe and Zn content ranged from 2.85 (QGFe.E3.2014-2016_Q3) to 19.66% (QGFe.E1.2014-2016_Q3) and from 2.93 (QGZn.E3.2014-2016_Q3) to 25. 95% (QGZn.E1.2014-2016_Q1), respectively. Two constitutive expressing QTLs for both Fe and Zn co-mapped in this population, one on LG 2 and second one on LG 3. Inside the QTLs candidate genes such as Ferritin gene, Al3+ Transporter, K+ Transporters, Zn2+ transporters and Mg2+ transporters were identified using bioinformatics approaches. The identified QTLs and candidate genes could be useful in pearl millet population improvement programs, seed, restorer parents, and marker-assisted selection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Singhal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - C. Tara Satyavathi
- ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet, Jodhpur, India
| | - S. P. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Aruna Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | - C. Bhardwaj
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Mallik
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayant Bhat
- Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Dharwad, India
| | - N. Anuradha
- Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Vizianagaram, India
| | - Nirupma Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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59
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Volkov AG, Chua L. Cyclic voltammetry of volatile memristors in the Venus flytrap: short-term memory. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:567-572. [PMID: 33423737 DOI: 10.1071/fp20379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants have sensory, short-term and long-term memory. Possible candidates for memory in plants are memristors; resistors with memory. Memristors have been found in seeds, plants, flowers and fruits. The electrostimulation of plants by bipolar periodic waves can induce electrical responses with fingerprints of volatile or non-volatile memristors. Here, we show that the electrostimulation of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) by unipolar sinusoidal or triangular periodic electrical trains induces electrical responses in plants with fingerprints of volatile memristors. The discovery of volatile generic memristors in plants opens new directions in the modelling and understanding of electrical phenomena in the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Oakwood University, Huntsville, AL 35896, USA; and Corresponding author.
| | - Leon Chua
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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60
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Kumari A, Bhatla SC. Regulation of salt-stressed sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedling's water status by the coordinated action of Na +/K + accumulation, nitric oxide, and aquaporin expression. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:573-587. [PMID: 33487215 DOI: 10.1071/fp20334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Among abiotic stresses, salt stress is a major threat to crop production all over the world. Present work demonstrates the profuse accumulation of Na+ in 2-day-old, dark-grown sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings roots in response to salt stress (NaCl). The pattern of K+ accumulation in response to salt stress is similar to that of Na+ but on relatively lower scale. Application of nitric oxide (NO) donor (DETA) scales down Na+ accumulation in salt-stressed seedlings. The impact of NO donor on K+ accumulation is, however, different in control and salt-stressed seedling roots. In control seedlings, it enhances K+ accumulation, whereas, it gets reduced in salt-stressed seedlings. Specialised channels called 'aquaporins' (AQPs) play a major role maintaining the water status and transport across plant parts under salt-stress. Thus, accumulation of plasma-membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) and tonoplast-intrinsic proteins (TIPs), localised on plasma-membrane and vacuolar-membrane, respectively was undertaken in 2-day-old, dark-grown seedling roots. Salt stress increased the abundance of these isoforms, whereas, NO application resulted in decreased accumulation of PIP2 and TIP1. PIP1 and TIP2 isoforms remained undetectable. Present work thus, puts forward a correlation between AQP expression and ions (Na+ and K+) homeostasis in response to salt stress and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi-11007, India
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi-11007, India; and Corresponding author.
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61
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Gupta A, Shaw BP. Augmenting salt tolerance in rice by regulating uptake and tissue specific accumulation of Na + - through Ca 2+ -induced alteration of biochemical events. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23 Suppl 1:122-130. [PMID: 33768704 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of Ca2+ against NaCl toxicity was investigated in two rice varieties with contrasting for salt tolerance to understand the mechanistic details of the antagonism to address adverse effects of salinity on agriculture. The study primarily examined the influence of Ca2+ on expression/activity of the effectors and regulators involved in Na+ translocation. Calcium reduced uptake of Na+ concomitant with higher tissue K+ /Na+ in seedlings, comparatively more in salt-tolerant Nona Bokra than in salt-sensitive IR-64, together with a significant increase in root PM H+ ATPase in the former, but not in the latter. Increased antagonism in Nona Bokra could be the result of Ca2+ signalling-mediated phosphorylation of PM H+ ATPase in roots caused by a significant Ca2+ -dependent increase in expression of OsCIPK24, which did not occur in IR-64. Furthermore, significant Ca2+ -mediated NaCl-induced increase in transcription of 14-3-3 protein in Nona Bokra, but not in IR-64, might also lead to a greater protective effect of Ca2+ in the former, as 14-3-3 protein is essential for activating PM H+ ATPase. Thus, efficient functioning of PM H+ ATPase could be key in determining resistance of plants to salinity, implying that identification of the Ca2+ -dependent kinase phosphorylating the PM H+ ATPase threonine residue and manipulation of its expression, together with expression of 14-3-3 proteins could be an important strategy to improve salt tolerance of crops and their cultivation in salt-affected lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gupta
- Abiotic Stress and Agro-Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - B P Shaw
- Abiotic Stress and Agro-Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
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62
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Cebrián G, Iglesias-Moya J, García A, Martínez J, Romero J, Regalado JJ, Martínez C, Valenzuela JL, Jamilena M. Involvement of ethylene receptors in the salt tolerance response of Cucurbita pepo. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:73. [PMID: 33790231 PMCID: PMC8012379 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses have a negative effect on crop production, affecting both vegetative and reproductive development. Ethylene plays a relevant role in plant response to environmental stresses, but the specific contribution of ethylene biosynthesis and signalling components in the salt stress response differs between Arabidopsis and rice, the two most studied model plants. In this paper, we study the effect of three gain-of-function mutations affecting the ethylene receptors CpETR1B, CpETR1A, and CpETR2B of Cucurbita pepo on salt stress response during germination, seedling establishment, and subsequent vegetative growth of plants. The mutations all reduced ethylene sensitivity, but enhanced salt tolerance, during both germination and vegetative growth, demonstrating that the three ethylene receptors play a positive role in salt tolerance. Under salt stress, etr1b, etr1a, and etr2b germinate earlier than WT, and the root and shoot growth rates of both seedlings and plants were less affected in mutant than in WT. The enhanced salt tolerance response of the etr2b plants was associated with a reduced accumulation of Na+ in shoots and leaves, as well as with a higher accumulation of compatible solutes, including proline and total carbohydrates, and antioxidant compounds, such as anthocyanin. Many membrane monovalent cation transporters, including Na+/H+ and K+/H+ exchangers (NHXs), K+ efflux antiporters (KEAs), high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs), and K+ uptake transporters (KUPs) were also highly upregulated by salt in etr2b in comparison with WT. In aggregate, these data indicate that the enhanced salt tolerance of the mutant is led by the induction of genes that exclude Na+ in photosynthetic organs, while maintaining K+/Na+ homoeostasis and osmotic adjustment. If the salt response of etr mutants occurs via the ethylene signalling pathway, our data show that ethylene is a negative regulator of salt tolerance during germination and vegetative growth. Nevertheless, the higher upregulation of genes involved in Ca2+ signalling (CpCRCK2A and CpCRCK2B) and ABA biosynthesis (CpNCED3A and CpNCED3B) in etr2b leaves under salt stress likely indicates that the function of ethylene receptors in salt stress response in C. pepo can be mediated by Ca2+ and ABA signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cebrián
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Jessica Iglesias-Moya
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Alicia García
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Jonathan Romero
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - José Javier Regalado
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Cecilia Martínez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Valenzuela
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Jamilena
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Center CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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Xue W, Wang P, Tang L, Zhang C, Wang C, Huang Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhao B, Liu Z. Citric acid inhibits Cd uptake by improving the preferential transport of Mn and triggering the defense response of amino acids in grains. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111921. [PMID: 33486382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Citric acid (CA) can regulate the balance of anions and cations in plants, and improve their resistance to heavy metals. It is not clear if foliar application with CA has any effect on migration of Cd and Mn in rice plant. In this work, a low-Cd-accumulating indica rice line (P7) and a high-Cd-accumulating line (HZ) were used to investigate the influence of CA on the transport of Cd and Mn as well as amino acid metabolism in grains. Content of Cd in grains and other organs increased with the increase of Cd content (0.1-2.4 mg kg-1) in soil, while decreased with the foliar application with CA. With the increase of Cd content in rice grains, the content of most amino acids in HZ, P7, HZ+CA and P7 + CA showed an obvious decline trend. Foliar application with CA efficiently raised the Mn:Cd ratio in grains and nodes of both HZ and P7. Meanwhile, the expression levels of OsNramp2, 3 and 5 in panicles were efficiently enhanced by CA application when plants grew in soil with Cd content of 0.6-2.4 mg kg-1. The increasing effect of CA on the content of 4 amino acids (i.e., Glu, Phe, Thr and Ala) in grains was related to varieties and Cd pollution. These results indicate that foliar application with CA can regulate the transport of Cd and Mn in the opposite directions in tissues and inhibit Cd accumulation in grains by enhancing expression of OsNRAMP 2, 3 or 5 and triggering the defense response of some amino acids in Cd-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yongchun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yaokui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bingran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Effect of NaCl road salt on the ionic composition of soils and Aesculus hippocastanum L. foliage and leaf damage intensity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5309. [PMID: 33674734 PMCID: PMC7935994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the accumulation of sodium chloride in roadside soils and common horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. under urban conditions to evaluate changes in soil and leaf ionic content and their relationship with foliar damage, considering the visual assessment of trees of the same health status. A total of 15 field sites were assessed in late June 2016. The analysis included soil granulometric composition, pH, electrical conductivity, and the content of Cl−, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions in soil and foliage samples. The results showed increased salinity and alkalization of roadside soils together with the decreased magnesium content. Foliage samples manifested significantly higher concentrations of Na+ and Cl−. A wide range of Cl− content was noted in leaves (2.0–11.8% d.w.) regardless of their damage index. On the contrary, leaf damage was strongly correlated with increasing Na+ concentrations and decreasing K+ and Mg2+. A severe imbalance of nutrients, and therefore poor urban tree vitality, can be attributed to the excessive accumulation of de-icing salt. However, further research would be needed to clarify the discrepancy between the extent of leaf damage and chloride content.
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Zhang Y, Sa G, Zhang Y, Hou S, Wu X, Zhao N, Zhang Y, Deng S, Deng C, Deng J, Zhang H, Yao J, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Chen S. Populus euphratica annexin1 facilitates cadmium enrichment in transgenic Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124063. [PMID: 33092878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation offers a great potential for affordable remediation of heavy metal (HM)-polluted soil and water. Screening and identifying candidate genes related to HM uptake and transport is prerequisite for improvement of phytoremediation by genetic engineering. Using the cadmium (Cd)-hypersensitive Populus euphratica, an annexin encoding gene facilitating Cd enrichment was identified in this study. With a 12 h exposure to CdCl2 (50-100 μM), P. euphratica cells down-regulated transcripts of annexin1 (PeANN1). PeANN1 was homologue to Arabidopsis annexin1 (AtANN1) and localized mainly to the plasma membrane (PM) and cytosol. Compared with wild type and Atann1 mutant, PeANN1 overexpression in Arabidopsis resulted in a more pronounced decline in survival rate and root length after a long-term Cd stress (10 d, 50 μM), due to a higher cadmium accumulation in roots. PeANN1-transgenic roots exhibited enhanced influx conductance of Cd2+ under cadmium shock (30 min, 50 μM) and short-term stress (12 h, 50 μM). Noteworthy, the PeANN1-facilitated Cd2+ influx was significantly inhibited by a calcium-permeable channel (CaPC) inhibitor (GdCl3) but was promoted by 1 mM H2O2, indicating that Cd2+ entered root cells via radical-activated CaPCs in the PM. Therefore, PeANN1 can serve as a candidate gene for improvement of phytoremediation by genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Gang Sa
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siyuan Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chen Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Hou P, Wang F, Luo B, Li A, Wang C, Shabala L, Ahmed HAI, Deng S, Zhang H, Song P, Zhang Y, Shabala S, Chen L. Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity and Osmotic Adjustment as Components of the Drought Tolerance Mechanism in Carex duriuscula. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:436. [PMID: 33668813 PMCID: PMC7996351 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major environmental constraint for plant growth. Climate-change-driven increases in ambient temperatures resulted in reduced or unevenly distributed rainfalls, leading to increased soil drought. Carex duriuscula C. A. Mey is a typical drought-tolerant sedge, but few reports have examined the mechanisms conferring its tolerant traits. In the present study, the drought responses of C. duriuscula were assessed by quantifying activity of antioxidant enzymes in its leaf and root tissues and evaluating the relative contribution of organic and inorganic osmolyte in plant osmotic adjustment, linking it with the patterns of the ion acquisition by roots. Two levels of stress-mild (MD) and severe (SD) drought treatments-were used, followed by re-watering. Drought stress caused reduction in a relative water content and chlorophyll content of leaves; this was accompanied by an increase in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-) contents in leaves and roots. Under MD stress, the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased in leaves, whereas, in roots, only CAT and POD activities increased. SD stress led to an increase in the activities of CAT, POD, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and GPX in both tissues. The levels of proline, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins in the leaves also increased. Under both MD and SD stress conditions, C. duriuscula increased K+, Na+, and Cl- uptake by plant roots, which resulted in an increased K+, Na+, and Cl- concentrations in leaves and roots. This reliance on inorganic osmolytes enables a cost-efficient osmotic adjustment in C. duriuscula. Overall, this study revealed that C. duriuscula was able to survive arid environments due to an efficient operation of its ROS-scavenging systems and osmotic adjustment mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peichen Hou
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (C.W.)
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7001, Australia; (L.S.); (H.A.I.A.)
| | - Feifei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Bin Luo
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Aixue Li
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Cheng Wang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7001, Australia; (L.S.); (H.A.I.A.)
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528011, China
| | - Hassan Ahmed Ibraheem Ahmed
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7001, Australia; (L.S.); (H.A.I.A.)
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Shurong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, The Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Tianjin Research Institute of Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Tianjin 300000, China;
| | - Peng Song
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, The Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (S.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7001, Australia; (L.S.); (H.A.I.A.)
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528011, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (A.L.); (C.W.)
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67
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Alqahtani M, Lightfoot DJ, Lemtiri‐Chlieh F, Bukhari E, Pardo JM, Julkowska MM, Tester M. The role of PQL genes in response to salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis and barley. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00301. [PMID: 33615113 PMCID: PMC7876507 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While soil salinity is a global problem, how salt enters plant root cells from the soil solution remains underexplored. Non-selective cation channels (NSCCs) are suggested to be the major pathway for the entry of sodium ions (Na+), yet their genetic constituents remain unknown. Yeast PQ loop (PQL) proteins were previously proposed to encode NSCCs, but the role of PQLs in plants is unknown. The hypothesis tested in this research is that PQL proteins constitute NSCCs mediating some of the Na+ influx into the root, contributing to ion accumulation and the inhibition of growth in saline conditions. We identified plant PQL homologues, and studied the role of one clade of PQL genes in Arabidopsis and barley. Using heterologous expression of AtPQL1a and HvPQL1 in HEK293 cells allowed us to resolve sizable inwardly directed currents permeable to monovalent cations such as Na+, K+, or Li+ upon membrane hyperpolarization. We observed that GFP-tagged PQL proteins localized to intracellular membrane structures, both when transiently over-expressed in tobacco leaf epidermis and in stable Arabidopsis transformants. Expression of AtPQL1a, AtPQL1b, and AtPQL1c was increased by salt stress in the shoot tissue compared to non-stressed plants. Mutant lines with altered expression of AtPQL1a, AtPQL1b, and AtPQL1c developed larger rosettes in saline conditions, while altered levels of AtPQL1a severely reduced development of lateral roots in all conditions. This study provides the first step toward understanding the function of PQL proteins in plants and the role of NSCC in salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashael Alqahtani
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Biology DepartmentPrincess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman UniversityRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Damien J. Lightfoot
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Lemtiri‐Chlieh
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Connecticut School of MedicineFarmingtonCTUSA
| | - Ebtihaj Bukhari
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - José M. Pardo
- Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis (IBVF)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)University of SevilleSevilleSpain
| | - Magdalena M. Julkowska
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Tester
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia
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68
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Karahara I, Horie T. Functions and structure of roots and their contributions to salinity tolerance in plants. BREEDING SCIENCE 2021; 71:89-108. [PMID: 33762879 PMCID: PMC7973495 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.20123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an increasing threat to the productivity of glycophytic crops worldwide. The root plays vital roles under various stress conditions, including salinity, as well as has diverse functions in non-stress soil environments. In this review, we focus on the essential functions of roots such as in ion homeostasis mediated by several different membrane transporters and signaling molecules under salinity stress and describe recent advances in the impacts of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genetic loci (and their causal genes, if applicable) on salinity tolerance. Furthermore, we introduce important literature for the development of barriers against the apoplastic flow of ions, including Na+, as well as for understanding the functions and components of the barrier structure under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichirou Karahara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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69
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Pottosin I, Olivas-Aguirre M, Dobrovinskaya O, Zepeda-Jazo I, Shabala S. Modulation of Ion Transport Across Plant Membranes by Polyamines: Understanding Specific Modes of Action Under Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:616077. [PMID: 33574826 PMCID: PMC7870501 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.616077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This work critically discusses the direct and indirect effects of natural polyamines and their catabolites such as reactive oxygen species and γ-aminobutyric acid on the activity of key plant ion-transporting proteins such as plasma membrane H+ and Ca2+ ATPases and K+-selective and cation channels in the plasma membrane and tonoplast, in the context of their involvement in stress responses. Docking analysis predicts a distinct binding for putrescine and longer polyamines within the pore of the vacuolar TPC1/SV channel, one of the key determinants of the cell ionic homeostasis and signaling under stress conditions, and an additional site for spermine, which overlaps with the cytosolic regulatory Ca2+-binding site. Several unresolved problems are summarized, including the correct estimates of the subcellular levels of polyamines and their catabolites, their unexplored effects on nucleotide-gated and glutamate receptor channels of cell membranes and Ca2+-permeable and K+-selective channels in the membranes of plant mitochondria and chloroplasts, and pleiotropic mechanisms of polyamines' action on H+ and Ca2+ pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Biomedical Center, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | | | - Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Food Genomics Department, Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Sahuayo, Mexico
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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70
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Yang Y, Bocs S, Fan H, Armero A, Baudouin L, Xu P, Xu J, This D, Hamelin C, Iqbal A, Qadri R, Zhou L, Li J, Wu Y, Ma Z, Issali AE, Rivallan R, Liu N, Xia W, Peng M, Xiao Y. Coconut genome assembly enables evolutionary analysis of palms and highlights signaling pathways involved in salt tolerance. Commun Biol 2021; 4:105. [PMID: 33483627 PMCID: PMC7822834 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is the emblematic palm of tropical coastal areas all around the globe. It provides vital resources to millions of farmers. In an effort to better understand its evolutionary history and to develop genomic tools for its improvement, a sequence draft was recently released. Here, we present a dense linkage map (8402 SNPs) aiming to assemble the large genome of coconut (2.42 Gbp, 2n = 32) into 16 pseudomolecules. As a result, 47% of the sequences (representing 77% of the genes) were assigned to 16 linkage groups and ordered. We observed segregation distortion in chromosome Cn15, which is a signature of strong selection among pollen grains, favouring the maternal allele. Comparing our results with the genome of the oil palm Elaeis guineensis allowed us to identify major events in the evolutionary history of palms. We find that coconut underwent a massive transposable element invasion in the last million years, which could be related to the fluctuations of sea level during the glaciations at Pleistocene that would have triggered a population bottleneck. Finally, to better understand the facultative halophyte trait of coconut, we conducted an RNA-seq experiment on leaves to identify key players of signaling pathways involved in salt stress response. Altogether, our findings represent a valuable resource for the coconut breeding community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Yang
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Stéphanie Bocs
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Haikuo Fan
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Alix Armero
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Baudouin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
| | - Pengwei Xu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, P. R. China
| | - Junyang Xu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, P. R. China
| | - Dominique This
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Hamelin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Rashad Qadri
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Ma
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, 571101, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Auguste Emmanuel Issali
- Station Cocotier Marc Delorme, Centre National De Recherche Agronomique (CNRA)07 B.P. 13, Port Bouet, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Ronan Rivallan
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Na Liu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xia
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Peng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, 571101, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Xiao
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571339, Wenchang, Hainan, P. R. China.
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71
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Wang Y, Chen YF, Wu WH. Potassium and phosphorus transport and signaling in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:34-52. [PMID: 33325114 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) are essential macronutrients for plant growth and development, and their availability affects crop yield. Compared with N, the relatively low availability of K and P in soils limits crop production and thus threatens food security and agricultural sustainability. Improvement of plant nutrient utilization efficiency provides a potential route to overcome the effects of K and P deficiencies. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying how plants sense, absorb, transport, and use K and P is an important prerequisite to improve crop nutrient utilization efficiency. In this review, we summarize current understanding of K and P transport and signaling in plants, mainly taking Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) as examples. We also discuss the mechanisms coordinating transport of N and K, as well as P and N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi-Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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72
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Yan F, Wei H, Li W, Liu Z, Tang S, Chen L, Ding C, Jiang Y, Ding Y, Li G. Melatonin improves K + and Na + homeostasis in rice under salt stress by mediated nitric oxide. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111358. [PMID: 33007539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity is greatly affected by soil salinity and melatonin (MLT) has long been recognized as a positive molecule that can alleviate the damage caused by salt. Here, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of salt tolerance by MLT was investigated in rice. MLT pretreatment increased the fresh and dry weight of rice seedlings under salt stress. Its beneficial effects include less relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and better K+/Na+ homeostasis. MLT increased the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The polyamines (PAs) content and the utilization of arginine were also increased, thereby increasing NO content in salt-stressed rice seedlings. Pharmacological approach showed that NO, as a necessary downstream signaling molecule, was involved in the regulation of MLT on the K+/Na+ homeostasis of rice. Under salt stress, MLT improved the H+-pumps activities in plasma membrane (PM) and vacuole membrane (VM) in roots, MLT also increased the ATP content of rice roots by increasing the NO content of rice. Thus, the efflux of Na+ and the influx of K+ were promoted. When endogenous NO was scavenged, the regulation of K+/Na+ homeostasis by MLT was blocked. Therefore, MLT mediated K+/Na+ homeostasis of rice under salt stress by mediating NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haimin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - She Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Ganghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, China.
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73
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Gupta A, Shaw BP. Biochemical and molecular characterisations of salt tolerance components in rice varieties tolerant and sensitive to NaCl: the relevance of Na + exclusion in salt tolerance in the species. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 48:72-87. [PMID: 32727653 DOI: 10.1071/fp20089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinisation is a major abiotic stress in agriculture, and is especially a concern for rice production because among cereal crops, rice is the most salt-sensitive. However, the production of rice must be increased substantially by the year 2050 to meet the demand of the ever growing population. Hence, understanding the biochemical events determining salt tolerance in rice is highly desirable so that the trait can be introduced in cultivars of interest through biotechnological intervention. In this context, an initial study on NaCl response in four Indica rice varieties showed a lower uptake of Na+ in the salt-tolerant Nona Bokra and Pokkali than in the salt-sensitive IR64 and IR29, indicating Na+ exclusion as a primary requirement of salt tolerance in the species. This was also supported by the following features in the salt-tolerant, but not in the -sensitive varieties: (1) highly significant NaCl-induced increase in the activity of PM-H+ATPase, (2) a high constitutive level and NaCl-induced threonine phosphorylation of PM-H+ATPase, necessary to promote its activity, (3) a high constitutive expression of 14-3-3 protein that makes PM-H+ATPase active by binding with the phosphorylated threonine at the C-terminal end, (4) a high constitutive and NaCl-induced expression of SOS1 in roots, and (5) significant NaCl-induced expression of OsCIPK 24, a SOS2 that phosphorylates SOS1. The vacuolar sequestration of Na+ in seedlings was not reflected from the expression pattern of NHX1/NHX1 in response to NaCl. NaCl-induced downregulation of expression of HKTs in roots of Nona Bokra, but upregulation in Pokkali also indicates that their role in salt tolerance in rice could be cultivar specific. The study indicates that consideration of increasing exclusion of Na+ by enhancing the efficiency of SOS1/PM-H+ATPase Na+ exclusion module could be an important aspect in attempting to increase salt tolerance in the rice varieties or cultivars of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Gupta
- Abiotic Stress and Agro-Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Birendra P Shaw
- Abiotic Stress and Agro-Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India; and Corresponding author.
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74
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Kuo HY, Kang FC, Wang YY. Glucosinolate Transporter1 involves in salt-induced jasmonate signaling and alleviates the repression of lateral root growth by salt in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 297:110487. [PMID: 32563451 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress has negative impact on plant development and growth. Jasmonic acid (JA), a phytohormone, has been shown to involve in salt-induced inhibition of primary root growth. The Arabidopsis Glucosinolate transporter1 (GTR1/NPF2.10) is characterized as a JA-Ile, a bioactive form of JA, transporter. However, whether GTR1 participates in salt responses is not clear. In this study, we confirmed that GTR1 is induced by both JA and salinity. Salt-induced JA signaling is affected in gtr1 mutant. The JA responsive genes, JAZ1, JAZ5, MYC2, LOX3, are down-regulated in gtr1 mutant. Phenotypic analyses showed that the salinity-induced lateral root growth inhibition is enhanced in gtr1 mutant, suggesting that GTR1 plays a positive role in lateral root development under salt stress. Interestingly, the expression of a Na+ transporter, HKT1, is upregulated in gtr1. Since HKT1 is a negative regulator for lateral root development under salt stress, we proposed that GTR1 alleviates the repression of lateral root development by salt stress by mediating JA signaling and repressing HKT1 expression. This study demonstrates that GTR1 is the molecular link between salt stress, JA signaling, and lateral root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Kuo
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Kang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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75
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Yuan K, Wang C, Zhang C, Huang Y, Wang P, Liu Z. Rice grains alleviate cadmium toxicity by expending glutamate and increasing manganese in the cadmium contaminated farmland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114236. [PMID: 32142976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice grains is closely associated with the content of mineral nutrients and amino acid metabolism, but the causal link among them is unclear. Profiles of amino acids (AAs) and quantities of essential nutrients in grains from early and late rice cultivars grown at four sites with different Cd levels were analyzed in the present study. Hazard quotients (HQs) for consumers by intake of rice from late cultivars were much higher than that from early cultivars at sites with soil Cd content of 0.25, 0.61 and 0.84 mg kg-1. Cadmium accumulation in grains resulted in a sharp reduction of total essential AAs and non-essential AAs in both early and late rice cultivars. High-Cd-accumulating (HCA) cultivars had significantly higher level of glutamate (Glu) than low-Cd-accumulating (LCA) cultivars when rice Cd content was less than 0.20 mg kg-1. However, Glu level in grains dramatically declined with the accumulation of Cd, which subsequently leaded to the reduction of other AAs. Cadmium content was well predicted by five amino acids (i.e., Glu, Alanine, Phenylalanine, Glycine and Threonine) or four essential elements (Ca, Fe, Mn and Zn) when rice Cd was less than 0.80 mg kg-1. Amino acids played more important roles than nutrients in Cd accumulation. When Cd content was in the range of 0.40-1.16 mg kg-1, the Mn content in rice increased significantly with the increase of Cd content, while the Glu content dropped down synchronously. Remarkably, the ratio between Mn and Glu displayed the highest direct path coefficient on Cd accumulation than any single cation or amino acid. These results indicate that high capacity in synthesizing Glu and concentrating Mn is the determinant factor for Cd accumulation in rice grains, and abundant Glu in aleurone layer may alleviate Cd toxicity by forming Glu-Cd complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yongchun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin 300191, China.
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76
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Genetic and Physiological Characterization of a Calcium Deficiency Phenotype in Maize. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:1963-1970. [PMID: 32238423 PMCID: PMC7263677 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) is an essential plant nutrient, required for signaling, cell wall fortification and growth and development. Calcium deficiency (Ca-deficiency) in maize causes leaf tip rot and a so-called “bull-whipping” or “buggy-whipping” phenotype. Seedlings of the maize line B73 displayed these Ca-deficiency-like symptoms when grown in the greenhouse with excess fertilizer during the winter months, while seedlings of the Mo17 maize line did not display these symptoms under the same conditions. These differential phenotypes could be recapitulated in ‘mini-hydroponic’ systems in the laboratory in which high ammonium, but not nitrate, levels induced the symptoms in B73 but not Mo17 seedlings. Consistent with this phenotype being caused by Ca-deficiency, addition of Ca2+ completely relieved the symptoms. These data suggest that ammonium reduces the seedling’s ability to absorb calcium, which causes the Ca-deficiency phenotype, and that this trait varies among genotypes. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a B73 x Mo17 cross was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the Ca-deficiency phenotype. QTL associated with variation in susceptibility to Ca-deficiency were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6 which explained between 3.30–9.94% of the observed variation. Several genes predicted to bind or be activated by calcium map to these QTL on chromosome 1, 2, 6. These results describe for the first time the genetics of Ca-deficiency symptoms in maize and in plants in general.
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77
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Ismail A, El-Sharkawy I, Sherif S. Salt Stress Signals on Demand: Cellular Events in the Right Context. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113918. [PMID: 32486204 PMCID: PMC7313037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant stress is a real dilemma; it puzzles plant biologists and is a global problem that negatively affects people’s daily lives. Of particular interest is salinity, because it represents one of the major water-related stress types. We aimed to determine the signals that guide the cellular-related events where various adaptation mechanisms cross-talk to cope with salinity-related water stress in plants. In an attempt to unravel these mechanisms and introduce cellular events in the right context, we expansively discussed how salt-related signals are sensed, with particular emphasis on aquaporins, nonselective cation channels (NSCCs), and glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC). We also elaborated on the critical role Ca2+, H+, and ROS in mediating signal transduction pathways associated with the response and tolerance to salt stress. In addition, the fragmentary results from the literature were compiled to develop a harmonized, informational, and contemplative model that is intended to improve our perception of these adaptative mechanisms and set a common platform for plant biologists to identify intriguing research questions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt;
| | - Islam El-Sharkawy
- Florida A&M University, Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research. 6361 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA;
| | - Sherif Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22062, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-540-232-6035
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78
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Abstract
Crop loss due to soil salinization is an increasing threat to agriculture worldwide. This review provides an overview of cellular and physiological mechanisms in plant responses to salt. We place cellular responses in a time- and tissue-dependent context in order to link them to observed phases in growth rate that occur in response to stress. Recent advances in phenotyping can now functionally or genetically link cellular signaling responses, ion transport, water management, and gene expression to growth, development, and survival. Halophytes, which are naturally salt-tolerant plants, are highlighted as success stories to learn from. We emphasize that (a) filling the major knowledge gaps in salt-induced signaling pathways, (b) increasing the spatial and temporal resolution of our knowledge of salt stress responses, (c) discovering and considering crop-specific responses, and (d) including halophytes in our comparative studies are all essential in order to take our approaches to increasing crop yields in saline soils to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva van Zelm
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Christa Testerink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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79
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Wani SH, Kumar V, Khare T, Guddimalli R, Parveda M, Solymosi K, Suprasanna P, Kavi Kishor PB. Engineering salinity tolerance in plants: progress and prospects. PLANTA 2020; 251:76. [PMID: 32152761 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to integrate conceptual framework based on the current understanding of salt stress responses with different approaches for manipulating and improving salt tolerance in crop plants. Soil salinity exerts significant constraints on global crop production, posing a serious challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. The classical transgenic approach for enhancing salinity tolerance in plants revolves by boosting endogenous defence mechanisms, often via a single-gene approach, and usually involves the enhanced synthesis of compatible osmolytes, antioxidants, polyamines, maintenance of hormone homeostasis, modification of transporters and/or regulatory proteins, including transcription factors and alternative splicing events. Occasionally, genetic manipulation of regulatory proteins or phytohormone levels confers salinity tolerance, but all these may cause undesired reduction in plant growth and/or yields. In this review, we present and evaluate novel and cutting-edge approaches for engineering salt tolerance in crop plants. First, we cover recent findings regarding the importance of regulatory proteins and transporters, and how they can be used to enhance salt tolerance in crop plants. We also evaluate the importance of halobiomes as a reservoir of genes that can be used for engineering salt tolerance in glycophytic crops. Additionally, the role of microRNAs as critical post-transcriptional regulators in plant adaptive responses to salt stress is reviewed and their use for engineering salt-tolerant crop plants is critically assessed. The potentials of alternative splicing mechanisms and targeted gene-editing technologies in understanding plant salt stress responses and developing salt-tolerant crop plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, 192 101, India.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
| | - Tushar Khare
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
| | | | | | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE-Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1053, Hungary
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522 213, India
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80
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Raddatz N, Morales de los Ríos L, Lindahl M, Quintero FJ, Pardo JM. Coordinated Transport of Nitrate, Potassium, and Sodium. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32211003 PMCID: PMC7067972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients, and their absorption and distribution within the plant must be coordinated for optimal growth and development. Potassium is involved in charge balance of inorganic and organic anions and macromolecules, control of membrane electrical potential, pH homeostasis and the regulation of cell osmotic pressure, whereas nitrogen is an essential component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Nitrate (NO3 -) is often the primary nitrogen source, but it also serves as a signaling molecule to the plant. Nitrate regulates root architecture, stimulates shoot growth, delays flowering, regulates abscisic acid-independent stomata opening, and relieves seed dormancy. Plants can sense K+/NO3 - levels in soils and adjust accordingly the uptake and root-to-shoot transport to balance the distribution of these ions between organs. On the other hand, in small amounts sodium (Na+) is categorized as a "beneficial element" for plants, mainly as a "cheap" osmolyte. However, at high concentrations in the soil, Na+ can inhibit various physiological processes impairing plant growth. Hence, plants have developed specific mechanisms to transport, sense, and respond to a variety of Na+ conditions. Sodium is taken up by many K+ transporters, and a large proportion of Na+ ions accumulated in shoots appear to be loaded into the xylem by systems that show nitrate dependence. Thus, an adequate supply of mineral nutrients is paramount to reduce the noxious effects of salts and to sustain crop productivity under salt stress. In this review, we will focus on recent research unraveling the mechanisms that coordinate the K+-NO3 -; Na+-NO3 -, and K+-Na+ transports, and the regulators controlling their uptake and allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José M. Pardo
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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81
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Understanding Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance in Barley by Proteomic and Biochemical Analysis of Near-Isogenic Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041516. [PMID: 32098451 PMCID: PMC7073193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major environmental factors impairing crop production. In our previous study, we identified a major QTL for salinity tolerance on chromosome 2H on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). For further investigation of the mechanisms responsible for this QTL, two pairs of near-isogenic lines (NILs) differing in this QTL were developed. Sensitive NILs (N33 and N53) showed more severe damage after exposure to 300 mM NaCl than tolerant ones (T46 and T66). Both tolerant NILs maintained significantly lower Na+ content in leaves and much higher K+ content in the roots than sensitive lines under salt conditions, thus indicating the presence of a more optimal Na+/K+ ratio in plant tissues. Salinity stress caused significant accumulation of H2O2, MDA, and proline in salinity-sensitive NILs, and a greater enhancement in antioxidant enzymatic activities at one specific time or tissues in tolerant lines. One pair of NILs (N33 and T46) were used for proteomic studies using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 53 and 51 differentially expressed proteins were identified through tandem mass spectrometry analysis in the leaves and roots, respectively. Proteins which are associated with photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, and ATP synthase were found to be specifically upregulated in the tolerant NIL. Proteins identified in this study can serve as a useful resource with which to explore novel candidate genes for salinity tolerance in barley.
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Zarei M, Shabala S, Zeng F, Chen X, Zhang S, Azizi M, Rahemi M, Davarpanah S, Yu M, Shabala L. Comparing Kinetics of Xylem Ion Loading and Its Regulation in Halophytes and Glycophytes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:403-415. [PMID: 31693150 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although control of xylem ion loading is essential to confer salinity stress tolerance, specific details behind this process remain elusive. In this work, we compared the kinetics of xylem Na+ and K+ loading between two halophytes (Atriplex lentiformis and quinoa) and two glycophyte (pea and beans) species, to understand the mechanistic basis of the above process. Halophyte plants had high initial amounts of Na+ in the leaf, even when grown in the absence of the salt stress. This was matched by 7-fold higher xylem sap Na+ concentration compared with glycophyte plants. Upon salinity exposure, the xylem sap Na+ concentration increased rapidly but transiently in halophytes, while in glycophytes this increase was much delayed. Electrophysiological experiments using the microelectrode ion flux measuring technique showed that glycophyte plants tend to re-absorb Na+ back into the stele, thus reducing xylem Na+ load at the early stages of salinity exposure. The halophyte plants, however, were capable to release Na+ even in the presence of high Na+ concentrations in the xylem. The presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) [mimicking NaCl stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the root] caused a massive Na+ and Ca2+ uptake into the root stele, while triggering a substantial K+ efflux from the cytosol into apoplast in glycophyte but not halophytes species. The peak in H2O2 production was achieved faster in halophytes (30 min vs 4 h) and was attributed to the increased transcript levels of RbohE. Pharmacological data suggested that non-selective cation channels are unlikely to play a major role in ROS-mediated xylem Na+ loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Zarei
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Majid Azizi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rahemi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Davarpanah
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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Munns R, Day DA, Fricke W, Watt M, Arsova B, Barkla BJ, Bose J, Byrt CS, Chen ZH, Foster KJ, Gilliham M, Henderson SW, Jenkins CLD, Kronzucker HJ, Miklavcic SJ, Plett D, Roy SJ, Shabala S, Shelden MC, Soole KL, Taylor NL, Tester M, Wege S, Wegner LH, Tyerman SD. Energy costs of salt tolerance in crop plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1072-1090. [PMID: 31004496 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is expanding into regions that are affected by salinity. This review considers the energetic costs of salinity tolerance in crop plants and provides a framework for a quantitative assessment of costs. Different sources of energy, and modifications of root system architecture that would maximize water vs ion uptake are addressed. Energy requirements for transport of salt (NaCl) to leaf vacuoles for osmotic adjustment could be small if there are no substantial leaks back across plasma membrane and tonoplast in root and leaf. The coupling ratio of the H+ -ATPase also is a critical component. One proposed leak, that of Na+ influx across the plasma membrane through certain aquaporin channels, might be coupled to water flow, thus conserving energy. For the tonoplast, control of two types of cation channels is required for energy efficiency. Transporters controlling the Na+ and Cl- concentrations in mitochondria and chloroplasts are largely unknown and could be a major energy cost. The complexity of the system will require a sophisticated modelling approach to identify critical transporters, apoplastic barriers and root structures. This modelling approach will inform experimentation and allow a quantitative assessment of the energy costs of NaCl tolerance to guide breeding and engineering of molecular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Munns
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - David A Day
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Wieland Fricke
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Michelle Watt
- Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Helmholtz Association, 52425, Juelich, Germany
| | - Borjana Arsova
- Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Helmholtz Association, 52425, Juelich, Germany
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2481, Australia
| | - Jayakumar Bose
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Caitlin S Byrt
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Kylie J Foster
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Sam W Henderson
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Colin L D Jenkins
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stanley J Miklavcic
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Darren Plett
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stuart J Roy
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
- International Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Megan C Shelden
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Kathleen L Soole
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Nicolas L Taylor
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mark Tester
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefanie Wege
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Lars H Wegner
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
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Tanveer M, Shabala S. Neurotransmitters in Signalling and Adaptation to Salinity Stress in Plants. NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN PLANT SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54478-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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85
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Hryvusevich P, Navaselsky I, Talkachova Y, Straltsova D, Keisham M, Viatoshkin A, Samokhina V, Smolich I, Sokolik A, Huang X, Yu M, Bhatla SC, Demidchik V. Sodium Influx and Potassium Efflux Currents in Sunflower Root Cells Under High Salinity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:613936. [PMID: 33537049 PMCID: PMC7848100 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.613936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Helianthus annuus L. is an important oilseed crop, which exhibits moderate salt tolerance and can be cultivated in areas affected by salinity. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we have characterized Na+ influx and K+ efflux conductances in protoplasts of salt-tolerant H. annuus L. hybrid KBSH-53 under high salinity. This work demonstrates that the plasma membrane of sunflower root cells has a classic set of ionic conductances dominated by K+ outwardly rectifying channels (KORs) and non-selective cation channels (NSCCs). KORs in sunflower show extreme Na+ sensitivity at high extracellular [Ca2+] that can potentially have a positive adaptive effect under salt stress (decreasing K+ loss). Na+ influx currents in sunflower roots demonstrate voltage-independent activation, lack time-dependent component, and are sensitive to Gd3+. Sunflower Na+-permeable NSCCs mediate a much weaker Na+ influx currents on the background of physiological levels of Ca2+ as compared to other species. This suggests that sunflower NSCCs have greater Ca2+ sensitivity. The responses of Na+ influx to Ca2+ correlates well with protection of sunflower growth by external Ca2+ in seedlings treated with NaCl. It can be, thus, hypothesized that NaCl tolerance in sunflower seedling roots is programmed at the ion channel level via their sensitivity to Ca2+ and Na+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palina Hryvusevich
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ilya Navaselsky
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Yuliya Talkachova
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Darya Straltsova
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Monika Keisham
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Aliaksei Viatoshkin
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Veranika Samokhina
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Igor Smolich
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anatoliy Sokolik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Xin Huang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Satish Chander Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Vadim Demidchik
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
- *Correspondence: Vadim Demidchik,
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86
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Aliniaeifard S, Shomali A, Seifikalhor M, Lastochkina O. Calcium Signaling in Plants Under Drought. SALT AND DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANCE IN PLANTS 2020:259-298. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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87
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Podolyan A, Maksimov N, Breygina M. Redox-regulation of ion homeostasis in growing lily pollen tubes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 243:153050. [PMID: 31639533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The pollen tube is characterized by cytoplasm compartmentalization typical for cells with polar growth. This concept includes "ion zoning", i.e. gradient distribution of ionic currents across the plasma membrane and free inorganic ions in the cytoplasm. One of the putative mechanisms for maintaining "ion zoning" is indicated by the sensitivity of the ion transport systems to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we test the possibility of redox regulation of ionic gradients and membrane potential (MP) gradient in growing pollen tubes using quantitative fluorescence microscopy. ROS quencher MnTMPP and exogenic H2O2 cause different alterations of intracellular Ca2+ gradient, pH gradient and MP gradient during short-term exposure. MnTMPP significantly shifts the gradients of Ca2+ and MP at low concentrations while high concentration cause growth alterations (ballooned tips) and cytoplasm acidification. H2O2 at 0,5 and 1 mM affects ion homeostasis as well (MP, Ca2+, pH) but doesn't decrease viability or alter shape of the tubes. Here we present original quantitative data on the interconnection between ROS and ion transport during tip growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Podolyan
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Nikita Maksimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maria Breygina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, Leninskiye Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitjanova Street 1, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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88
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Nadeem M, Pham TH, Thomas R, Galagedara L, Kavanagh V, Zhu X, Ali W, Cheema M. Potential role of root membrane phosphatidic acid in superior agronomic performance of silage-corn cultivated in cool climate cropping systems. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:585-596. [PMID: 30548274 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The literature is replete with information describing the composition of the root lipidome in several plant species grown under various environmental conditions. However, it is unknown to what extent the root membrane lipidome vary between silage-corn genotypes, and how such variation could influence agronomic performances during field cultivation in cool climate. To address this issue, the root membrane lipidome and agronomic performance were assessed for five silage-corn genotypes (Fusion-RR, Yukon-R, A4177G3-RIB, DKC23-17RIB, DKC26-28RIB) cultivated under cool climatic conditions. Leaf area, plant height and biomass production were used as agronomic performance indicators. Varieties DKC26-28RIB and Yukon-R expressed significantly higher leaf area, plant height and biomass production compared to the other genotypes. A strong positive Spearman rank-order correlation (P = 0.001) was observed between biomass production and root phosphatidic acid (PA). The high correlation observed between PA and agronomic performance indicates PA could potentially be used as biomarker to assist in the selection of silage-corn genotypes with superior agronomic performance ideally suited for field cultivations in cool climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University of Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Thu H Pham
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Lakshman Galagedara
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Vanessa Kavanagh
- Agriculture Production and Research, Department of Fisheries and Land Resources, Pasadena, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Xinbiao Zhu
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Services, Atlantic Forestry Center, Corner Brook, Newfoundland, A2H 6P9, Canada
| | - Waqas Ali
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, A2H 5G4, Canada
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Xue WJ, Zhang CB, Wang PP, Wang CR, Huang YC, Zhang X, Liu ZQ. Rice vegetative organs alleviate cadmium toxicity by altering the chemical forms of cadmium and increasing the ratio of calcium to manganese. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109640. [PMID: 31499448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Altering Cd chemical form is one of the mechanisms to alleviate Cd toxicity in rice plant. Field experiments were carried out in this study to investigate the potential of rice vegetative organs in altering Cd into insoluble chemical forms in the natural environment. Experimental results showed that more than 80% of Cd in rice roots existed in the insoluble forms. Uppermost nodes altered Cd into insoluble form preferentially and generally had higher content of insoluble Cd than other organs. Rachises displayed a slow increasing trend in soluble Cd when total Cd in roots was less than 1.8 mg kg-1. However, when Cd content in roots exceeded 2.8 mg kg-1, the ratio of insoluble to soluble Cd remained stable at 85:15 in rachises and roots, and at 75:25 in uppermost nodes and flag leaves. Cd concentration in grains was greatly lower than that in vegetative organs, and closely correlated with the content of soluble Cd in rachises (r = 0.991**) as well as in uppermost nodes. Soluble Cd in the uppermost nodes displayed a much lower mobility than that in other organs. Accumulation of soluble Cd was always companied by decrease of Ca and increase of Mn in roots, uppermost nodes and rachises. A small increase of soluble Cd from 0.05 to 0.1 mg kg-1 caused a sharp decline of Ca:Mn ratio in roots and rachises. Roots and nodes had much higher Ca:Mn ratio than rachises when soluble Cd was less than 0.5 mg kg-1 in them. These results indicate that vegetative organs have a great potential to alter more than 75% Cd into insoluble forms and increasing Ca:Mn ratio may be another way to alleviate Cd toxicity by establishing new ionic homeostasis in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Chang-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Pei-Pei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Chang-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yong-Chun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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Koselski M, Wasko P, Kupisz K, Trebacz K. Cold- and menthol-evoked membrane potential changes in the moss Physcomitrella patens: influence of ion channel inhibitors and phytohormones. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:433-446. [PMID: 30629304 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microelectrode measurements carried out on leaf cells from Physcomitrella patens revealed that a sudden temperature drop and application of menthol evoked two types of different-shaped membrane potential changes. Cold stimulation evoked spike-type responses. Menthol depolarized the cell membrane with different rates. When it reached above 1 mV s-1 , the full response was recorded. Characteristic for the full responses was also a few-minute plateau of the membrane potential recorded after depolarization. The influence of inhibitors of calcium channels (5 mM Gd3+ ), potassium channels (5 mM Ba2+ ), chloride channels (200 μM Zn2+ , 50 μM niflumic acid) and proton pumps (10 μM DES), an activator of calcium release from intracellular stores (Sr2+ ), calcium chelation (by 400 μM EGTA) and phytohormones (50 μM auxin, 50 μM abscisic acid (ABA), 500 μM salicylic acid) on cold- and menthol-evoked responses was tested. Both responses are different in respect to the ion mechanism: cold-evoked depolarizations were influenced by Ba2+ and DES; in turn, menthol-evoked potential changes were most effectively blocked by Zn2+ . Moreover, the effectiveness of menthol in generation of full responses was reduced after administration of auxin or ABA, i.e. phytohormones known for their participation in responses to cold and regulation of proton pumps. The effects of DES indicated that one of the main conditions for generation of menthol-evoked responses is inhibition of the proton pump activity. Our results indicate that perception of cold and menthol by plants proceeds in different ways due to the differences in ionic mechanism and hormone dependence of cold- and menthol-evoked responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Koselski
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Wasko
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Kupisz
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Trebacz
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Adaptation of Plants to Salt Stress: Characterization of Na+ and K+ Transporters and Role of CBL Gene Family in Regulating Salt Stress Response. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most serious factors limiting the productivity of agricultural crops, with adverse effects on germination, plant vigor, and crop yield. This salinity may be natural or induced by agricultural activities such as irrigation or the use of certain types of fertilizer. The most detrimental effect of salinity stress is the accumulation of Na+ and Cl− ions in tissues of plants exposed to soils with high NaCl concentrations. The entry of both Na+ and Cl− into the cells causes severe ion imbalance, and excess uptake might cause significant physiological disorder(s). High Na+ concentration inhibits the uptake of K+, which is an element for plant growth and development that results in lower productivity and may even lead to death. The genetic analyses revealed K+ and Na+ transport systems such as SOS1, which belong to the CBL gene family and play a key role in the transport of Na+ from the roots to the aerial parts in the Arabidopsis plant. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of alkaline cations K+ and Na+, Ion homeostasis-transport determinants, and their regulation. Moreover, we tried to give a synthetic overview of soil salinity, its effects on plants, and tolerance mechanisms to withstand stress.
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Han X, Zhang C, Wang C, Huang Y, Liu Z. Gadolinium inhibits cadmium transport by blocking non-selective cation channels in rice seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 179:160-166. [PMID: 31039458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-selective cation channels (NSCCs) play important roles in uptake of heavy metals in plants. However, little information is available concerning the contribution of NSCCs to cadmium (Cd) transport in rice seedlings. Results from the hydroponic experiment showed that the inhibition of 2.7 μM Cd on the development of rice roots was alleviated by adding 0.1 mM gadolinium (Gd) in nutrient solution, companied by reduction of Cd content by 55.3% in roots and by 45.0% in shoots. Inhibition of Gd on Cd accumulation in cytoplasm fraction (F3) was much greater than that in cell walls (F1) and organelles (F2) in roots. After increasing concentrations of Mn and Zn in nutrient solution, adding 0.1 mM Gd resulted in reductions in Cd content by 89.1%, in micronutrients by 54.9% and in macronutrients by 5.4% in roots, respectively. Cd stress resulted in significant increase of PC2∼4 and free amino acids, but decrease of V-ATPase activity by 32.3% in roots. These results indicate that NSCCs make a great contribution to uptake of Cd in rice seedlings and opportunities for Cd to be transported by NSCCs can be efficiently reduced by blocking NSCCs and/or increasing essential microelements like Mn and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yongchun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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93
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van Bel AJE, Musetti R. Sieve element biology provides leads for research on phytoplasma lifestyle in plant hosts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:3737-3755. [PMID: 30972422 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplasmas reside exclusively in sieve tubes, tubular arrays of sieve element-companion cell complexes. Hence, the cell biology of sieve elements may reveal (ultra)structural and functional conditions that are of significance for survival, propagation, colonization, and effector spread of phytoplasmas. Electron microscopic images suggest that sieve elements offer facilities for mobile and stationary stages in phytoplasma movement. Stationary stages may enable phytoplasmas to interact closely with diverse sieve element compartments. The unique, reduced sieve element outfit requires permanent support by companion cells. This notion implies a future focus on the molecular biology of companion cells to understand the sieve element-phytoplasma inter-relationship. Supply of macromolecules by companion cells is channelled via specialized symplasmic connections. Ca2+-mediated gating of symplasmic corridors is decisive for the communication within and beyond the sieve element-companion cell complex and for the dissemination of phytoplasma effectors. Thus, Ca2+ homeostasis, which affects sieve element Ca2+ signatures and induces a range of modifications, is a key issue during phytoplasma infection. The exceptional physical and chemical environment in sieve elements seems an essential, though not the only factor for phytoplasma survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aart J E van Bel
- Institute of Phytopathology, Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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94
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Li YH, Yu XZ, Mo LY, Lin YJ, Zhang Q. Involvement of glutamate receptors in regulating calcium influx in rice seedlings under Cr exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:650-657. [PMID: 31197614 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate receptors (GLRs) are ligand-gated Ca2+-permeable channels that govern and modulate the dynamic influx of cytosolic Ca2+ in plants. The present study investigated the interaction of OsGLR3 gene expression with subcellular Ca distribution in rice seedlings exposed to chromium (Cr) solution containing Cr(III) or Cr(VI). The results displayed that the accumulation of Ca was evaluated or higher in shoots compared to roots under Cr exposure, and a similar pattern of subcellular Ca distribution was observed between rice tissues exposed to Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that eight OsGLR3 isogenes were distinctly expressed in different rice tissues at different levels of Cr exposures. This differential expressions could possible be due to the uptake variations, subcellular distribution and chemical speciation of the two Cr species. Notably, distinct expression patterns of OsGLR3 genes were found between Cr(III) and Cr(VI) exposures, suggesting that different regulation strategies are used to mediate Ca influx in rice materials under different Cr exposures. These results demonstrated a full picture of Cr-induced transcriptional alterations in OsGLR3 expression levels in rice seedlings, and provided suggestive evidence for further investigation on specific OsGLR3 genes participated in the regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations under Cr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Li
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 541004, Guilin, China.
| | - Ling-Yun Mo
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yu-Juan Lin
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 541004, Guilin, China
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95
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Neang S, de Ocampo M, Egdane JA, Platten JD, Ismail AM, Skoulding NS, Kano-Nakata M, Yamauchi A, Mitsuya S. Fundamental parenchyma cells are involved in Na + and Cl - removal ability in rice leaf sheath. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:743-755. [PMID: 31046903 DOI: 10.1071/fp18318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt sensitivity in rice plants is associated with the accumulated amount of Na+ and Cl- in shoots and, more significantly, in photosynthetic tissues. Therefore, salt removal ability at the leaf sheath level is an important mechanism of salt tolerance. In the present study we attempted to determine whether rice leaf sheaths excluded Cl- as well as Na+, and to identify the tissues that were involved in the removal ability of both ions. In two rice genotypes, salt-tolerant FL478 and -sensitive IR29, leaf sheaths excluded Na+ and Cl- under NaCl treatment as estimated using their sheath:blade ratios. The sheath:blade ratio of Na+ but not of Cl-, was increased by NaCl treatment. Under NaCl treatment, Na+ concentration was higher in the basal leaf sheath, whereas Cl- concentration was higher in the middle and tip parts. At the tissue level, fundamental parenchyma cells of leaf sheaths retained the highest amounts of Na and Cl when treated with high amount of NaCl. These results imply that the leaf sheath potentially functions to remove excess Na+ and Cl- from xylem vessels in different locations along the axis, with the fundamental parenchyma cells of leaf sheaths being involved in over-accumulation of both Na+ and Cl-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarin Neang
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Marjorie de Ocampo
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - James A Egdane
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - John D Platten
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - Abdelbagi M Ismail
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - Nicola S Skoulding
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mana Kano-Nakata
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shiro Mitsuya
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan; and Corresponding author.
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96
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Favreau B, Denis M, Ployet R, Mounet F, Peireira da Silva H, Franceschini L, Laclau JP, Labate C, Carrer H. Distinct leaf transcriptomic response of water deficient Eucalyptus grandis submitted to potassium and sodium fertilization. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218528. [PMID: 31220144 PMCID: PMC6586347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While potassium fertilization increases growth yield in Brazilian eucalyptus plantations, it could also increase water requirements, making trees more vulnerable to drought. Sodium fertilization, which has been shown to promote eucalyptus growth compared to K-deficient trees, could partially mitigate this adverse effect of potassium. However, little is known about the influence of K and Na fertilization on the tree metabolic response to water deficit. The aim of the present study was thus to analyze the transcriptome of leaves sampled from Eucalyptus grandis trees subjected to 37% rainfall reduction, and fertilized with potassium (K), sodium (Na), compared to control trees (C). The multifactorial experiment was set up in a field with a throughfall exclusion system. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on leaves from two-year-old trees, and data analyzed using multifactorial statistical analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Significant sets of genes were seen to respond to rainfall reduction, in interaction with K or Na fertilization, or to fertilization only (regardless of the water supply regime). The genes were involved in stress signaling, primary and secondary metabolism, secondary cell wall formation and photosynthetic activity. Our focus on key genes related to cation transporters and aquaporins highlighted specific regulation of ion homeostasis, and plant adjustment to water deficit. While water availability significantly affects the transcriptomic response of eucalyptus species, this study points out that the transcriptomic response is highly dependent on the fertilization regime. Our study is based on the first large-scale field trial in a tropical region, specifically designed to study the interaction between water availability and nutrition in eucalyptus. To our knowledge, this is the first global transcriptomic analysis to compare the influence of K and Na fertilization on tree adaptive traits in water deficit conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Favreau
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Denis
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Raphael Ployet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Fabien Mounet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Hana Peireira da Silva
- Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Franceschini
- Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Labate
- Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helaine Carrer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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97
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Hessini K, Issaoui K, Ferchichi S, Saif T, Abdelly C, Siddique KHM, Cruz C. Interactive effects of salinity and nitrogen forms on plant growth, photosynthesis and osmotic adjustment in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:171-178. [PMID: 30897508 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To enhance crop productivity and minimize the harmful effects of various environmental stresses, such as salinity and drought, farmers often use mineral fertilizers. However, inadequate or excessive fertilization can reduce plant growth and nutritive quality and contribute to soil degradation and environmental pollution. This study investigated the effects of salinity (0, 100 or 150 mM NaCl) and nitrogen form (sole NO3- or NH4+, or combined NO3-:NH4+ at 25:75 or 50:50) on growth, photosynthesis, and water and ion status of a commercial variety of maize (Zea mays SY Sincero). In the absence of NaCl, the media containing ammonium only or both nitrogen forms had higher aboveground growth rates than that containing nitrate only. Indeed, the maize growth, expressed as leaf dry matter, seen on NH4+ in the absence of salinity, was nearly double the biomass compared to that with NO3-treatment. Irrespective of N form, the presence of NaCl severely reduced leaf and roots growth; the presence of ammonium in the nutrient solution diminished these negative effects. Compared to the NH4+ only and combined treatments, the leaves of plants in the NO3--only medium showed signs of nitrogen deficiency (general chlorosis), which was more pronounced in the lower than upper leaves, indicating that nitrate is partly replaced by chloride during root uptake. NH4+ favored maize growth more than NO3-, especially when exposed to saline conditions, and may improve the plant's capacity to osmotically adjust to salinity by accumulating inorganic solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, 21974, Taif, PO Box 888, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Khawla Issaoui
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selma Ferchichi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Saif
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, 21974, Taif, PO Box 888, Saudi Arabia; National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciencias de Lisboa, Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais - cE3c, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
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98
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Medvedev S, Voronina O, Tankelyun O, Bilova T, Suslov D, Bankin M, Mackievic V, Makavitskaya M, Shishova M, Martinec J, Smolikova G, Sharova E, Demidchik V. Phosphatidic acids mediate transport of Ca 2+ and H + through plant cell membranes. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:533-542. [PMID: 30940327 DOI: 10.1071/fp18242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acids (PAs) are a key intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis, and a central element in numerous signalling pathways. Functions of PAs are related to their fundamental role in molecular interactions within cell membranes modifying membrane bending, budding, fission and fusion. Here we tested the hypothesis that PAs are capable of direct transport of ions across bio-membranes. We have demonstrated that PAs added to the maize plasma membrane vesicles induced ionophore-like transmembrane transport of Ca2+, H+ and Mg2+. PA-induced Ca2+ fluxes increased with an increasing PAs acyl chain unsaturation. For all the PAs analysed, the effect on Ca2+ permeability increased with increasing pH (pH 8.0>pH 7.2>pH 6.0). The PA-induced Ca2+, Mg2+ and H+ permeability was also more pronounced in the endomembrane vesicles as compared with the plasma membrane vesicles. Addition of PA to protoplasts from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. roots constitutively expressing aequorin triggered elevation of the cytosolic Ca2+ activity, indicating that the observed PA-dependent Ca2+ transport occurs in intact plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Medvedev
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
| | - Olga Voronina
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Tankelyun
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Bilova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Suslov
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail Bankin
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Viera Mackievic
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Maryia Makavitskaya
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Maria Shishova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jan Martinec
- Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, vvi, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Galina Smolikova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Sharova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
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99
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Nason SL, Miller EL, Karthikeyan KG, Pedersen JA. Effects of Binary Mixtures and Transpiration on Accumulation of Pharmaceuticals by Spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4850-4859. [PMID: 30871320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many pharmaceuticals are present in reclaimed wastewater and effluent-dominated water bodies used to irrigate edible crops. Previous research has shown that plants irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can accumulate pharmaceuticals. However, plant-driven processes that contribute to differences in accumulation among compounds are not well understood. Here, we tested the effects of exposure to mixtures on spinach accumulation and metabolism of four psychoactive pharmaceuticals found in reclaimed wastewater: carbamazepine, fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and lamotrigine. Coexposure of plants to carbamazepine and fluoxetine or amitriptyline decreased accumulation of the toxic carbamazepine metabolite 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine. Furthermore, we tested a simple transpiration-based accumulation model and found that transpiration is a strong predictor for accumulation of the studied compounds. Amitriptyline accumulated to a larger extent than predicted from transpiration alone, and we suggest the possibility that a transporter protein may be involved in its uptake. Our findings highlight the need to consider plant physiology and mixture effects in studying accumulation of polar and ionizable organic contaminants and their metabolites.
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100
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Roy PR, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Polash MAS, Hossen MZ, Hossain MA. Physiological mechanisms of exogenous calcium on alleviating salinity-induced stress in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:611-624. [PMID: 31168227 PMCID: PMC6522628 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Being more sensitive to salt stress among the cereals, growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been habitually affected by salinity. Although, several practices have evolved to sustain the growth of rice under salinity, the enormous role of calcium (Ca2+) as a signalling molecule in salt stress mitigation is still arcane. Considering this fact, an experiment was performed aiming to explicate the mechanism of salt-induced growth inhibition in rice and its alleviation by exogenous Ca2+. At germination stage, 10 mM and 15 mM CaCl2 primed rice (cv. Binadhan-10 & Binadhan-7) seeds were grown in petri dishes for 9 days under 100 mM NaCl stress. At seedling stage, 9-day-old rice seedlings grown on sand were exposed to 100 mM NaCl alone and combined with 10 mM and 15 mM CaCl2 for 15 days. This research revealed that salinity radically slowed down growth of rice seedlings and Ca2+ treatment noticeably improved growth performances. At germination stage, 10 mM CaCl2 treatment significantly increased the final germination percentage, germination rate index (in Binadhan-7), shoot, root length (89.20, 67.58% in Bindhan-10 & 84.72, 31.15% in Bindhan-7) and biomass production under salinity. Similarly, at seedling stage, 10 mM CaCl2 supplementation in salt-stressed plants enhanced shoot length (42.17, 28.76%) and shoot dry weight (339.52, 396.20%) significantly in Binadhan-10 & Binadhan-7, respectively, but enhanced root dry weight (36.76%) only in Binadhan-10. In addition, 10 mM CaCl2 supplementation on salt-stressed seedlings increased the chlorophyll and proline content, and oppressed the accretion of reactive oxygen species thus protecting from oxidative damage more pronouncedly in Binadhan-10 than Binadhan-7 as reflected by the elevated levels of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity. The 15 mM CaCl2 somehow also enhanced some growth parameters but overall was less effective than 10 mM CaCl2 to alleviate salt stress, and sometimes showed negative effect. Therefore, supplementary application of calcium-rich fertilizers in saline prone soils can be an effective approach to acclimatize salt stress and cultivate rice successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popy Rani Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Arif Sadik Polash
- Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zakir Hossen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
| | - M. Afzal Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
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