51
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Senatore A, Colleoni S, Verderio C, Restelli E, Morini R, Condliffe S, Bertani I, Mantovani S, Canovi M, Micotti E, Forloni G, Dolphin A, Matteoli M, Gobbi M, Chiesa R. Mutant PrP suppresses glutamatergic neurotransmission in cerebellar granule neurons by impairing membrane delivery of VGCC α(2)δ-1 Subunit. Neuron 2012; 74:300-13. [PMID: 22542184 PMCID: PMC3339322 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
How mutant prion protein (PrP) leads to neurological dysfunction in genetic prion diseases is unknown. Tg(PG14) mice synthesize a misfolded mutant PrP which is partially retained in the neuronal endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As these mice age, they develop ataxia and massive degeneration of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Here, we report that motor behavioral deficits in Tg(PG14) mice emerge before neurodegeneration and are associated with defective glutamate exocytosis from granule neurons due to impaired calcium dynamics. We found that mutant PrP interacts with the voltage-gated calcium channel α(2)δ-1 subunit, which promotes the anterograde trafficking of the channel. Owing to ER retention of mutant PrP, α(2)δ-1 accumulates intracellularly, impairing delivery of the channel complex to the cell surface. Thus, mutant PrP disrupts cerebellar glutamatergic neurotransmission by reducing the number of functional channels in CGNs. These results link intracellular PrP retention to synaptic dysfunction, indicating new modalities of neurotoxicity and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Senatore
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, 20156 Milan, Italy, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Colleoni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Verderio
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Restelli
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, 20156 Milan, Italy, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Morini
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Steven B. Condliffe
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bertani
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, 20156 Milan, Italy, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Mantovani
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, 20156 Milan, Italy, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Canovi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Micotti
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Annette C. Dolphin
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, WC1E6BT London, UK
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiesa
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, 20156 Milan, Italy, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, “Mario Negri” Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Corresponding author
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52
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Loubet D, Dakowski C, Pietri M, Pradines E, Bernard S, Callebert J, Ardila-Osorio H, Mouillet-Richard S, Launay JM, Kellermann O, Schneider B. Neuritogenesis: the prion protein controls β1 integrin signaling activity. FASEB J 2011; 26:678-90. [PMID: 22038049 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-185579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton modifications are required for neuronal stem cells to acquire neuronal polarization. Little is known, however, about mechanisms that orchestrate cytoskeleton remodeling along neuritogenesis. Here, we show that the silencing of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) impairs the initial sprouting of neurites upon induction of differentiation of the 1C11 neuroectodermal cell line, indicating that PrP(C) is necessary to neuritogenesis. Such PrP(C) function relies on its capacity to negatively regulate the clustering, activation, and signaling activity of β1 integrins at the plasma membrane. β1 Integrin aggregation caused by PrP(C) depletion triggers overactivation of the RhoA-Rho kinase-LIMK-cofilin pathway, which, in turn, alters the turnover of focal adhesions, increases the stability of actin microfilaments, and in fine impairs neurite formation. Inhibition of Rho kinases is sufficient to compensate for the lack of PrP(C) and to restore neurite sprouting. We also observe an increased secretion of fibronectin in the surrounding milieu of PrP(C)-depleted 1C11 cells, which likely self-sustains β1 integrin signaling overactivation and contributes to neuritogenesis defect. Our overall data reveal that PrP(C) contributes to the acquisition of neuronal polarization by modulating β1 integrin activity, cell interaction with fibronectin, and cytoskeleton dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Loubet
- Institut National Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR-S) 747, Paris, France
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53
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Zampieri M, Legname G, Segre D, Altafini C. A system-level approach for deciphering the transcriptional response to prion infection. Bioinformatics 2011; 27:3407-14. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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54
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Ren Z, Liang W, Chen C, Yang H, Singhal PC, Ding G. Angiotensin II induces nephrin dephosphorylation and podocyte injury: role of caveolin-1. Cell Signal 2011; 24:443-450. [PMID: 21982880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nephrin, an important structural and signal molecule of podocyte slit-diaphragm (SD), has been suggested to contribute to the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced podocyte injury. Caveolin-1 has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in signaling transduction. In the present study, we evaluated the role of caveolin-1 in Ang II-induced nephrin phosphorylation in podocytes. Wistar rats-receiving either Ang II (400 ng/kg/min) or normal saline (via subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps, control) were administered either vehicle or telmisartan (3 mg/kg/min) for 14 or 28 days. Blood pressure, 24-hour urinary albumin and serum biochemical profile were measured at the end of the experimental period. Renal histomorphology was evaluated through light and electron microscopy. In vitro, cultured murine podocytes were exposed to Ang II (10(-6)M) pretreated with or without losartan (10(-5) M) for variable time periods. Nephrin and caveolin-1 expression and their phosphorylation were analyzed by Western-blotting and immunofluorescence. Caveolar membrane fractions were isolated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and then the distribution and interactions between Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1), nephrin, C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and caveolin-1 were evaluated using Western-blotting and co-immunoprecipitation. Podocyte apoptosis was evaluated by cell nucleus staining with Hoechst-33342. Ang II-receiving rats displayed diminished phosphorylation of nephrin but enhanced glomerular/podocyte injury and proteinuria when compared to control rats. Under control conditions, podocyte displayed expression of caveolin-1 in abundance but only a low level of phospho moiety. Nonetheless, Ang II stimulated caveolin-1 phosphorylation without any change in total protein expression. Nephrin and caveolin-1 were co-localized in caveolae fractions. AT1 receptors and Csk were moved to caveolae fractions and had an interaction with caveolin-1 after the stimulation with Ang II. Transfection of caveolin-1 plasmid (pEGFPC3-cav-1) significantly increased Ang II-induced nephrin dephosphorylation and podocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, knockdown of caveolin-1 expression (using siRNA) inhibited nephrin dephosphorylation and prevented Ang II-induced podocyte apoptosis. These findings indicate that Ang II induces nephrin dephosphorylation and podocyte injury through a caveolin-1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Ren
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pravin C Singhal
- Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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55
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Cissé M, Duplan E, Guillot-Sestier MV, Rumigny J, Bauer C, Pagès G, Orzechowski HD, Slack BE, Checler F, Vincent B. The extracellular regulated kinase-1 (ERK1) controls regulated alpha-secretase-mediated processing, promoter transactivation, and mRNA levels of the cellular prion protein. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:29192-29206. [PMID: 21586567 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.208249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-secretases A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) and ADAM17 trigger constitutive and regulated processing of the cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) yielding N1 fragment. The latter depends on protein kinase C (PKC)-coupled M1/M3 muscarinic receptor activation and subsequent phosphorylation of ADAM17 on its intracytoplasmic threonine 735. Here we show that regulated PrP(c) processing and ADAM17 phosphorylation and activation are controlled by the extracellular-regulated kinase-1/MAP-ERK kinase (ERK1/MEK) cascade. Thus, reductions of ERK1 or MEK activities by dominant-negative analogs, pharmacological inhibition, or genetic ablation all impair N1 secretion, whereas constitutively active proteins increase N1 recovery in the conditioned medium. Interestingly, we also observed an ERK1-mediated enhanced expression of PrP(c). We demonstrate that the ERK1-associated increase in PrP(c) promoter transactivation and mRNA levels involve transcription factor AP-1 as a downstream effector. Altogether, our data identify ERK1 as an important regulator of PrP(c) cellular homeostasis and indicate that this kinase exerts a dual control of PrP(c) levels through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Cissé
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Eric Duplan
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Marie-Victoire Guillot-Sestier
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Joaquim Rumigny
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Charlotte Bauer
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6543 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Hans-Dieter Orzechowski
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Luisenstrasse 10-11, 10117 Berlin, Germany, and
| | - Barbara E Slack
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France,.
| | - Bruno Vincent
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and Institut de Neuro-Médecine Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche, 6097 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Equipe labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 660 route des lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France,.
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56
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Peralta OA, Huckle WR, Eyestone WH. Expression and knockdown of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells. Differentiation 2011; 81:68-77. [PMID: 20926176 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2010.09.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is a highly conserved glycoprotein that may undergo conversion into a conformationally altered isoform (scrapie prion protein or PrP(Sc)), widely believed to be the pathogenic agent of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Although much is known about pathogenic PrP conversion and its role in TSEs, the normal function of PrP(C) is poorly understood. Given the abundant expression of PrP(C) in the developing mammalian CNS and the spatial association with differentiated stages of neurogenesis, recently it has been proposed that PrP(C) participates in neural cell differentiation. In the present study, we investigated the role of PrP(C) in neural development during early embryogenesis. In bovine fetuses, PrP(C) was differentially expressed in the neuroepithelium, showing higher levels at the intermediate and marginal layers where more differentiated states of neurogenesis were located. We utilized differentiating mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to test whether PrP(C) contributed to the process of neural differentiation during early embryogenesis. PrP(C) showed increasing levels of expression starting on Day 9 until Day 18 of ES cell differentiation. PrP(C) expression was negatively correlated with pluripotency marker Oct-4 confirming that ES cells had indeed differentiated. Induction of ES cells differentiation by retinoic acid (RA) resulted in up-regulation of PrP(C) at Day 20 and nestin at Day 12. PrP(C) expression was knocked down in PrP-targeted siRNA ES cells between Days 12 and 20. PrP(C) knockdown in ES cells resulted in nestin reduction at Days 16 and 20. Analysis of bovine fetuses suggests the participation of PrP(C) in neural cell differentiation during early embryogenesis. The positive association between PrP(C) and nestin expression provide evidence for the contribution of PrP(C) to ES cell differentiation into neural progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Peralta
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0442, USA.
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57
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Miyazawa K, Emmerling K, Manuelidis L. Proliferative arrest of neural cells induces prion protein synthesis, nanotube formation, and cell-to-cell contacts. J Cell Biochem 2011; 111:239-47. [PMID: 20518071 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Host prion protein (PrP) is most abundant in neurons where its functions are unclear. PrP mRNA transcripts accumulate at key developmental times linked to cell division arrest and terminal differentiation. We sought to find if proliferative arrest was sufficient to cause an increase in PrP in developing neurons. Rat neuronal precursor cells transduced with the temperature sensitive SV-40 T antigen just before terminal differentiation (permissive at 33 degrees C but not at 37.5 degrees C) were analyzed. By 2 days, T antigen was decreased in all cells at 37.5 degrees C, with few DNA synthesizing (BrdU+) cells. Proliferative arrest induced by 37.5 degrees C yielded a fourfold PrP increase. When combined with reduced serum, a sevenfold increase was found. Within 2 days additional neuritic processes with abundant plasma membrane PrP connected many cells. PrP also concentrated between apposed stationary cells, and on extending growth cones and their filopodia. Stationary cells were maintained for 30 days in their original plate, and they reverted to a proliferating low PrP state at 33 degrees C. Ultrastructural studies confirmed increased nanotubes and adherent junctions between high PrP cells. Additionally, some cells shared cytoplasm and these apparently open regions are likely conduits for the exchange of organelles and viruses that have been observed in living cells. Thus PrP is associated with dynamic recognition and contact functions, and may be involved in the transient formation of neural syncytia at key times in embryogenesis. This system can be used to identify drugs that inhibit the transport and spread of infectious CJD particles through the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohtaro Miyazawa
- Yale Medical School, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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58
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Caveolin regulation of neuronal intracellular signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:3785-95. [PMID: 20632068 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin proteins physically interact with and compartmentalize membrane-localized signaling proteins to facilitate high-fidelity intracellular signaling. Though primarily studied outside the nervous system, recent investigations have revealed that caveolin proteins are key modulators of a variety of neuronal intracellular signaling pathways. Through both protein aggregation and segregation, caveolin proteins can exert positive and negative influences on intracellular signaling. This review will detail recent findings regarding caveolin function in the brain.
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59
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Sorgato MC, Peggion C, Bertoli A. Is, indeed, the prion protein a Harlequin servant of "many" masters? Prion 2009; 3:202-5. [PMID: 19887913 DOI: 10.4161/pri.3.4.10012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tens of putative interacting partners of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) have been identified, yet the physiologic role of PrP(C) remains unclear. For the first time, however, a recent paper has demonstrated that the absence of PrP(C) produces a lethal phenotype. Starting from this evidence, here we discuss the validity of past and more recent literature supporting that, as part of protein platforms at the cell surface, PrP(C) may bridge extracellular matrix molecules and/or membrane proteins to intracellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catia Sorgato
- Department of Biological Chemistry and CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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