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Zhang H, Li ZL, Su XZ, Ding L, Li J, Zhu H. Subchondral bone derived mesenchymal stem cells display enhanced osteo-chondrogenic differentiation, self-renewal and proliferation potentials. Exp Anim 2018. [PMID: 29515059 PMCID: PMC6083032 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.17-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important seed cells in regenerative medicine research, particularly in translational research. In the current study, we showed that rabbit subchondral bone is a reliable source of MSCs. First, we harvested subchondral bone (SCB) from the rabbit knee-joint and initiated the MSC culture by cultivating enzyme-treated SCB. Adherent fibroblast-like cells that outgrew from SCB fulfill the common immuno-phenotypic criteria for defining MSCs, but with low contamination of CD45+ hematopoietic cells. Interestingly, differentiated SCB-MSCs expressed osteogenic and chondrogenic markers at significantly higher levels than those in bone marrow cell suspension-derived MSCs (BMS-MSCs) (P<0.05). No differences in the expression of adipogenic markers between SCB-MSC and BMS-MSC (P>0.05) were observed. Moreover, the results of the colony forming unit-fibroblast assay and sphere formation assay demonstrated that the SCB-MSCs had increased self-renewal potential. SCB-MSCs expressed higher levels of the stemness markers Nanog, OCT4, and Sox-2 compared to in BMS-MSCs (P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of both the CCK-8-based assay and CFSE dilution assay showed that SCB-MSCs exhibited enhanced proliferative capacity. In addition, SCB-MSCs exhibited higher phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, which is closely related to MSC proliferation. In conclusion, we identified SCB-MSCs as a novel stem cell population that met the requirements of MSCs; the unique properties of SCB-MSC are important for the potential treatment of tissue damage resulting from disease and trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fu Xing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, P.R. China.,Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No. 27 Tai Ping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Li Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fu Xing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Zheng Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fu Xing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Air Forces, PLA, No. 30 Fu Cheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fu Xing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No. 27 Tai Ping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
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52
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Veron AD, Bienboire-Frosini C, Feron F, Codecasa E, Deveze A, Royer D, Watelet P, Asproni P, Sadelli K, Chabaud C, Stamegna JC, Fagot J, Khrestchatisky M, Cozzi A, Roman FS, Pageat P, Mengoli M, Girard SD. Isolation and characterization of olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells from eight mammalian genera. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:17. [PMID: 29343270 PMCID: PMC5772688 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-based therapies are an attractive option to promote regeneration and repair defective tissues and organs. Thanks to their multipotency, high proliferation rate and the lack of major ethical limitations, "olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells" (OE-MSCs) have been described as a promising candidate to treat a variety of damaged tissues. Easily accessible in the nasal cavity of most mammals, these cells are highly suitable for autologous cell-based therapies and do not face issues associated with other stem cells. However, their clinical use in humans and animals is limited due to a lack of preclinical studies on autologous transplantation and because no well-established methods currently exist to cultivate these cells. Here we evaluated the feasibility of collecting, purifying and amplifying OE-MSCs from different mammalian genera with the goal of promoting their interest in veterinary regenerative medicine. Biopsies of olfactory mucosa from eight mammalian genera (mouse, rat, rabbit, sheep, dog, horse, gray mouse lemur and macaque) were collected, using techniques derived from those previously used in humans and rats. The possibility of amplifying these cells and their stemness features and differentiation capability were then evaluated. RESULTS Biopsies were successfully performed on olfactory mucosa without requiring the sacrifice of the donor animal, except mice. Cell populations were rapidly generated from olfactory mucosa explants. These cells displayed similar key features of their human counterparts: a fibroblastic morphology, a robust expression of nestin, an ability to form spheres and similar expression of surface markers (CD44, CD73). Moreover, most of them also exhibited high proliferation rates and clonogenicity with genus-specific properties. Finally, OE-MSCs also showed the ability to differentiate into mesodermal lineages. CONCLUSIONS This article describes for the first time how millions of OE-MSCs can be quickly and easily obtained from different mammalian genera through protocols that are well-suited for autologous transplantations. Moreover, their multipotency makes them relevant to evaluate therapeutic application in a wide variety of tissue injury models. This study paves the way for the development of new fundamental and clinical studies based on OE-MSCs transplantation and suggests their interest in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine D Veron
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France. .,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.
| | - Cécile Bienboire-Frosini
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - François Feron
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,Inserm CBT 1409, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Marseille, France
| | - Elisa Codecasa
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Arnaud Deveze
- Département ORL, Hôpital Universitaire Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, IFSTTAR, LBA, Marseille, France
| | - Dany Royer
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Paul Watelet
- Société Hippique Le frigouyé, 30650, Saze, France
| | - Pietro Asproni
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Camille Chabaud
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Joël Fagot
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPC, Marseille, France
| | | | - Alessandro Cozzi
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Patrick Pageat
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Manuel Mengoli
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Stéphane D Girard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,Present address: Vect-Horus S.A.S., Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, CS80011, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13344, Marseille, Cedex 15, France
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Chen HY, Pan L, Yang HL, Xia P, Yu WC, Tang WQ, Zhang YX, Chen SF, Xue YZ, Wang LX. Integrin alpha5beta1 suppresses rBMSCs anoikis and promotes nitric oxide production. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:1-8. [PMID: 29324307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell based therapy has been heralded as a novel, promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the low survival rate after transplantation due to cell death via anoikis is a major obstacle in stem cell therapy. Cells adhesion via Integrin alpha5beta1 (ITGA5B1) has a tendency to exert higher maximum forces. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of ITGA5B1 on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) from anoikis. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation with Ficoll, and rBMSCs cell surface markers were evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation was determined by Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining respectively. The expression of Integrin A5 (ITGA5), Integrin B1 (ITGB1), eNOS and actived-caspase-3 mRNA or protein was confirmed by qPCR and western-blot. Cell adhesion, cell viability, anoikis and the migration of rBMSCs were also evaluated. Nitric oxide (NO) production was detected by the greiss assay. RESULTS Co-infected with Integrin A5 and B1 lentivirus to rBMSCs increased ITGA5 and ITGB1 mRNA and protein expression. ITGA5B1 enhanced the cell adhesion, cell viability, cell migration and NO production but reduced the cell anoikis in rBMSCs/ITGA5B1 groups. CONCLUSION Transduction of rat rBMSCs with ITGA5B1 lentivirus could prevent cell anoikis and increase NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Li Pan
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Hong-Li Yang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Wan-Cheng Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong Universtity, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Tang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Yu-Zeng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Le-Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
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Zamani Mazdeh D, Mirshokraei P, Emami M, Mirshahi A, Karimi I. 17β-estradiol improves the efficacy of exploited autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in non-union radial defect healing: A rabbit model. Res Vet Sci 2017; 118:11-18. [PMID: 29334646 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appears to be an appealing alternative to the traditional clinical approach in the treatment of non-union bone defects. It has been shown that 17β-estradiol improves the osteogenesis and proliferation potential of the MSCs via estrogen receptors. We investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on exploiting autologous BMSCs (bone marrow-derived MSCs) for the purpose of healing of radial non-union segmental defect in rabbit. Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 experimental groups: 1. Control group; 2. MSC treatment group; 3. 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment group; and 4. E2+MSC treatment group. Isolated BMSCs were seeded in a critical-sized defect on radial mid-diaphysis that was filled with autologous fibrin clot differently in 4 groups: 1. intact fibrin clot (control); 2. Fibrin clot containing MSCs; 3. Estradiol; and 4. E2 and MSCs. Defect healing was assessed by radiological (week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and histopathological evaluation (week 10). Radiological evaluation data demonstrated that quantities for the E2+MSC group were significantly the greatest in comparison with the other groups at week 4 to 10 inclusive. Moreover, Histopathological evaluation indicated that the E2+MSC group had the highest score which was significantly greater than the E2 group and the control group (P<0.05). In-vivo application of in situ 17β-estradiol provides the seeded BMSCs with improved osteogenic capacity in tandem with an accelerated rate of bone healing. This obviously more qualified approach that yields in a shorter time appears to be promising for the future cell-based clinical treatments of the non-union bone fractures. Exploiting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appears to be an appealing alternative to the traditional clinical approach in the treatment of non-union bone defects. It has been shown that 17β-estradiol improves the osteogenesis and proliferation potential of the MSCs via estrogen receptors. We investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on exploiting autologous BMSCs (bone marrow-derived MSCs) for the purpose of healing of radial non-union segmental defect in rabbit. Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 experimental groups: 1. Control group; 2. MSC treatment group; 3. 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment group; and 4. E2+MSC treatment group. Isolated BMSCs were seeded in a critical-sized defect on the radial mid-diaphysis that was filled with autologous fibrin clot differently in 4 groups: 1. intact fibrin clot (control); 2. Fibrin clot containing MSCs; 3. Estradiol; and 4. E2 and MSCs. Defect healing was assessed by radiological (week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and histopathological evaluation (week 10). Radiological evaluation data demonstrated that quantities for the E2+MSC group were significantly the greatest in comparison with the other groups at week 4 to 10 inclusive. Moreover, Histopathological evaluation indicated that the E2+MSC group had the highest score which was significantly greater than the E2 group and the control group (P<0.05). In-vivo application of in situ 17β-estradiol provides the seeded BMSCs with improved osteogenic capacity in tandem with an accelerated rate of bone healing. This obviously more efficient approach that yields in a shorter time appears to be promising for future cell-based clinical treatments of the non-union bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Zamani Mazdeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pezhman Mirshokraei
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Center of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Emami
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mirshahi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iraj Karimi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
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Pellerin O, Amara I, Sapoval M, Méachi T, Déan C, Beaune P, de Waziers I. Hepatic Intra-arterial Delivery of a "Trojan-horses" Gene Therapy: A Pilot Study on Rabbit VX2 Hepatic Tumor Model. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2017; 41:153-162. [PMID: 29090347 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-017-1833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) is a "Trojan-horses" suicide gene therapy that consists of tumor-targeted gene delivery (vectorized by mesenchymal stem cells MSCs) encoding an enzyme that converts a harmless prodrug into cytotoxic metabolites in situ. Then, cytotoxic metabolites passively diffuse in the neighboring tumor cells and kill them (bystander effect). The goal of our study was to assess the feasibility and efficacy of intra-arterial administration of MSCs transduced with an optimized gene (MSC-CYP2B6TM-RED) followed by intravenous administration of cyclophosphamide (CPA) into the VX2 rabbit liver tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine rabbits with a VX2 liver tumor were randomly assigned into three groups: Control group A (one rabbit) free of any treatment; Control group B (two rabbits) receiving intravenous injection of cyclophosphamide at day 3 and CPA at day 14; and Group C (six rabbits) receiving the GDEPT treatment, consisting of successive intra-arterial injection of transduced-MSCs at days 0 (n = 6) and 11 (n = 3), followed by injection of CPA at days 3 (n = 6) and 14 (n = 3). The tumor response was assessed by ultrasound scan every 7 days and histopathological analysis at sacrifice (D25). RESULTS There was a significant difference in the tumor volume between control groups (A + B) and group C at D7: 38/19 cm3 (p = 0.024); D11: 51/20 cm3 (p = 0.024), and D25: 121/37 cm3 (p = 0.048). Tumor necrosis was significantly greater and metastatic spread was lower for rabbits who received GDEPT (78% of total tumor surface) than for control animals (A + B) (22% of total tumor surface (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Intra-arterial delivery of transduced-MSCs is feasible and, after CPA injection, resulted in 78% tumor necrosis (p = 0.006) and less metastasis in a VX2 liver tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pellerin
- INSERM URM-S 970, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Ikram Amara
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1147, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sapoval
- INSERM URM-S 970, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Tchao Méachi
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Carole Déan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Beaune
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1147, Paris, France
- Department of Biochimistry, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle de Waziers
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1147, Paris, France
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Song N, Wang ZM, He LJ, Xu Y, Ren YL. Estradiol‑enhanced osteogenesis of rat bone marrow stromal cells is associated with the JNK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8589-8594. [PMID: 28990107 PMCID: PMC5779911 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts. The present study investigated the osteogenic effects of estradiol, as well as the role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in promoting estradiol-enhanced osteogenesis of rat (r)BMSCs. rBMSCs were treated for 7 days with or without estradiol and further treated with or without the JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125. The role of estrogen during rBMSC osteogenesis was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation using the Gomori method and Alizarin red S staining, respectively. Subsequently, the mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and core-binding factor α1 (Cbfα1) were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and TGF-β1, Cbfα1 and phosphorylated (p)-JNK protein expression was detected by western blotting. All groups treated with SP600125 expressed low levels of TGF-β1 and Cbfα1 mRNA and protein, and low p-JNK protein expression. Compared with the control cells, rBMSCs cultured with estradiol exhibited a significant upregulation in the expression levels of osteogenic genes and proteins. The present study demonstrated that estradiol enhanced osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and that the JNK signaling pathway was involved in this process, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in rBMSC osteogenesis upon estradiol stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera‑State Theory and Applications, Ministry of Education of China, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- The Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Li-Juan He
- School of Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Ren
- School of Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
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Desantis S, Accogli G, Burk J, Zizza S, Mastrodonato M, Francioso EG, Rossi R, Crovace A, Resta L. Ultrastructural characteristics of ovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells cultured with a silicon stabilized tricalcium phosphate bioceramic. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:1189-1198. [PMID: 28799674 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioceramics are being used in experimental bone engineering application in association with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a new therapeutic tool, but their effects on the ultrastructure of BM-MSCs are yet unknown. In this study we report the morphological features of ovine (o)BM-MSCs cultured with Skelite, a resorbable bioceramic based on silicon stabilized tricalcium phosphate (SiTCP), able to promote the repair of induced bone defect in sheep model. oBM-MSCs were isolated from the iliac crest, cultured until they reached near-confluence and incubated with SiTCP. After 48 hr the monolayers were highly damaged and only few cells adhered to the plastic. Thus, SiTCP was removed, and after washing the cells were cultured until they became confluent. Then, they were trypsinizated and processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and RT-PCR analysis. RT-PCR displayed that oBM-MSCs express typical surface marker for MSCs. TEM revealed the presence of electron-lucent cells and electron-dense cells, both expressing the CD90 surface antigen. The prominent feature of electron-lucent cells was the concentration of cytoplasmic organelles around the nucleus as well as large surface blebs containing glycogen or profiles of endoplasmic reticulum. The dark cells had a multilocular appearance by the presence of peripheral vacuoles. Some dark cells contained endocytic vesicles, lysosomes, and glycogen aggregates. oBM-MSCs showed different types of specialized interconnections. The comparison with ultrastructural features of untreated oBM-MSCs suggests the light and dark cells are two distinct cell types which were differently affected by SiTCP bioceramic. Skelite cultured ovine BM-MSCs display electron-dense and electron-lucent cells which are differently affected by this bioceramic. This suggests that they could play a different role in bioceramic based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Desantis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Gianluca Accogli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Janina Burk
- Saxon Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Street 55, Leipzigi, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Veterinary Physiolgy, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Sara Zizza
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Maria Mastrodonato
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Edda G Francioso
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Antonio Crovace
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare, Bari, 70124, Italy
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Kovac M, Vasicek J, Kulikova B, Bauer M, Curlej J, Balazi A, Chrenek P. Different RNA and protein expression of surface markers in rabbit amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1601-1613. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kovac
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture; Nitra Slovak Republic
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Jaromir Vasicek
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
- Research Centre AgroBioTech, Slovak University of Agriculture; Nitra Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Kulikova
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav Bauer
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
- Faculty of Natural Sciences; Constantine the Philosopher University; Nitra Slovak republic
| | - Jozef Curlej
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture; Nitra Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Balazi
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Chrenek
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture; Nitra Slovak Republic
- Research Inst. for Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre; Lužianky Slovak Republic
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Overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 in bone marrow stromal cells promotes microenvironment-mediated imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Minicircle Mediated Gene Delivery to Canine and Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040819. [PMID: 28417917 PMCID: PMC5412403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene-directed tissue repair offers the clinician, human or veterinary, the chance to enhance cartilage regeneration and repair at a molecular level. Non-viral plasmid vectors have key biosafety advantages over viral vector systems for regenerative therapies due to their episomal integration however, conventional non-viral vectors can suffer from low transfection efficiency. Our objective was to identify and validate in vitro a novel non-viral gene expression vector that could be utilized for ex vivo and in vivo delivery to stromal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Minicircle plasmid DNA vector containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was generated and transfected into adipose-derived MSCs from three species: canine, equine and rodent and transfection efficiency was determined. Both canine and rat cells showed transfection efficiencies of approximately 40% using minicircle vectors with equine cells exhibiting lower transfection efficiency. A Sox9-expressing minicircle vector was generated and transfected into canine MSCs. Successful transfection of the minicircle-Sox9 vector was confirmed in canine cells by Sox9 immunostaining. This study demonstrate the application and efficacy of a novel non-viral expression vector in canine and equine MSCs. Minicircle vectors have potential use in gene-directed regenerative therapies in non-rodent animal models for treatment of cartilage injury and repair.
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Sugaya H, Mishima H, Gao R, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Aoto K, Li M, Yoshioka T, Ogawa T, Ochiai N, Yamazaki M. Fate of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells following autologous transplantation in a rabbit model of osteonecrosis. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:198-204. [PMID: 26794712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Internalizing quantum dots (i-QDs) are a useful tool for tracking cells in vivo in models of tissue regeneration. We previously synthesized i-QDs by conjugating QDs with a unique internalizing antibody against a heat shock protein 70 family stress chaperone. In the present study, i-QDs were used to label rabbit mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that were then transplanted into rabbits to assess differentiation potential in an osteonecrosis model. METHODS The i-QDs were taken up by bone marrow-derived MSCs collected from the iliac of 12-week-old Japanese white rabbits that were positive for cluster of differentiation (CD)81 and negative for CD34 and human leukocyte antigen DR. The average rate of i-QD internalization was 93.3%. At 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after transplantation, tissue repair was evaluated histologically and by epifluorescence and electron microscopy. RESULTS The i-QDs were detected at the margins of the drill holes and in the necrotized bone trabecular. There was significant colocalization of the i-QD signal in transplanted cells and markers of osteoblast and mineralization at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-transplantation, while i-QDs were detected in areas of mineralization at 12 and 24 weeks post-transplantation. Moreover, i-QDs were observed in osteoblasts in regenerated tissue by electron microscopy, demonstrating that the tissue was derived from transplanted cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate that transplanted MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts and induce tissue repair in an osteonecrosis model and can be tracked over the long term by i-QD labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sugaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hajime Mishima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Ran Gao
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Aoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Ochiai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Zhou Q, Yu BH, Liu WC, Wang ZL. BM-MSCs and Bio-Oss complexes enhanced new bone formation during maxillary sinus floor augmentation by promoting differentiation of BM-MSCs. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:757-71. [PMID: 27251156 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been recognized as a new strategy for maxillary sinus floor elevation. However, little is known concerning the effect of the biomechanical pressure (i.e., sinus pressure, masticatory pressure, and respiration) on the differentiation of BM-MSCs and the formation of new bone during maxillary sinus floor elevation. The differentiation of BM-MSCs into osteoblasts was examined in vitro under cyclic compressive pressure using the Flexcell® pressure system, and by immunohistochemical analysis, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. Micro-CT was used to detect bone formation and allow image reconstruction of the entire maxillary sinus floor elevation area. Differentiation of BM-MSCs into osteoblasts was significantly increased under cyclic compressive pressure. The formation of new bone was enhanced after implantation of the pressured complex of BM-MSCs and Bio-Oss during maxillary sinus floor elevation. The pressured complex of BM-MSCs and Bio-Oss promoted new bone formation and maturation in the rabbit maxillary sinus. Stem cell therapy combined with this tissue engineering technique could be effectively used in maxillary sinus elevation and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Department of Implant Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Han Yu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Cai Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Lin Wang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
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Dashtdar H, Murali MR, Selvaratnam L, Balaji Raghavendran H, Suhaeb AM, Ahmad TS, Kamarul T. Ultra-structural changes and expression of chondrogenic and hypertrophic genes during chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in alginate beads. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1650. [PMID: 26966647 PMCID: PMC4782738 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the form of pellet culture and encapsulation in alginate beads has been widely used as conventional model for in vitro chondrogenesis. However, comparative characterization between differentiation, hypertrophic markers, cell adhesion molecule and ultrastructural changes during alginate and pellet culture has not been described. Hence, the present study was conducted comparing MSCs cultured in pellet and alginate beads with monolayer culture. qPCR was performed to assess the expression of chondrogenic, hypertrophic, and cell adhesion molecule genes, whereas transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to assess the ultrastructural changes. In addition, immunocytochemistry for Collagen type II and aggrecan and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analysis were performed. Our results indicate that pellet and alginate bead cultures were necessary for chondrogenic differentiation of MSC. It also indicates that cultures using alginate bead demonstrated significantly higher (p < 0.05) chondrogenic but lower hypertrophic (p < 0.05) gene expressions as compared with pellet cultures. N-cadherin and N-CAM1 expression were up-regulated in second and third weeks of culture and were comparable between the alginate bead and pellet culture groups, respectively. TEM images demonstrated ultrastructural changes resembling cell death in pellet cultures. Our results indicate that using alginate beads, MSCs express higher chondrogenic but lower hypertrophic gene expression. Enhanced production of extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules was also observed in this group. These findings suggest that alginate bead culture may serve as a superior chondrogenic model, whereas pellet culture is more appropriate as a hypertrophic model of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havva Dashtdar
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Malliga Raman Murali
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Lakshmi Selvaratnam
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Sunway Campus Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Hanumantharao Balaji Raghavendran
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Abdulrazzaq Mahmod Suhaeb
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Tunku Sara Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Clinical Investigative Centre (CIC), University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tissues from equine cadaver ligaments up to 72 hours of post-mortem: a promising reservoir of stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:253. [PMID: 26684484 PMCID: PMC4683699 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from cadaveric tissues represent a promising approach for regenerative medicine. To date, no study has investigated whether viable MSCs could survive in cadaveric tissues from tendon or ligament up to 72 hours of post-mortem. The purpose of the present work was to find out if viable MSCs could survive in cadaveric tissues from adult equine ligaments up to 72 hours of post-mortem, and to assess their ability (i) to remain in an undifferentiated state and (ii) to divide and proliferate in the absence of any specific stimulus. Methods MSCs were isolated from equine cadaver (EC) suspensory ligaments within 48–72 hours of post-mortem. They were evaluated for viability, proliferation, capacity for tri-lineage differentiation, expression of cell surface markers (CD90, CD105, CD73, CD45), pluripotent transcription factor (OCT-4), stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1), neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin (TUJ-1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). As well, they were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results EC-MSCs were successfully isolated and maintained for 20 passages with high cell viability and proliferation. Phase contrast microscopy revealed that cells with fibroblast-like appearance were predominant in the culture. Differentiation assays proved that EC-MSCs are able to differentiate towards mesodermal lineages (osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic). Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that EC-MSCs expressed CD90, CD105, and CD73, while being negative for the leukocyte common antigen CD45. Immunofluorescence analysis showed a high percentage of positive cells for OCT-4 and SSEA-1. Surprisingly, in absence of any stimuli, some adherent cells closely resembling neuronal and glial morphology were also observed. Interestingly, our results revealed that approximately 15 % of the cell populations were TUJ-1 positive, whereas GFAP expression was detected in only a few cells. Furthermore, TEM analysis confirmed the stemness of EC-MSCs and identified some cells with a typical neuronal morphology. Conclusions Our findings raise the prospect that the tissues harvested from equine ligaments up to 72 hours of post-mortem represent an available reservoir of specific stem cells. EC-MSCs could be a promising alternative source for tissue engineering and stem cell therapy in equine medicine.
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Identification of Pathways Mediating Growth Differentiation Factor5-Induced Tenogenic Differentiation in Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140869. [PMID: 26528540 PMCID: PMC4631504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the molecular signalling mechanisms which regulate growth factors-induced MSCs tenogenic differentiation remain largely unknown. Therefore, a study to determine the global gene expression profile of tenogenic differentiation in human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) using growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) was conducted. Microarray analyses were conducted on hMSCs cultures supplemented with 100 ng/ml of GDF5 and compared to undifferentiated hMSCs and adult tenocytes. Results of QuantiGene® Plex assay support the use and interpretation of the inferred gene expression profiles and pathways information. From the 27,216 genes assessed, 873 genes (3.21% of the overall human transcriptome) were significantly altered during the tenogenic differentiation process (corrected p<0.05). The genes identified as potentially associated with tenogenic differentiation were ARHGAP29, CCL2, integrin alpha 8 and neurofilament medium polypeptides. These genes, were mainly associated with cytoskeleton reorganization (stress fibers formation) signaling. Pathway analysis demonstrated the potential molecular pathways involved in tenogenic differentiation were: cytoskeleton reorganization related i.e. keratin filament signaling and activin A signaling; cell adhesion related i.e. chemokine and adhesion signaling; and extracellular matrix related i.e. arachidonic acid production signaling. Further investigation using atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated apparent cytoskeleton reorganization in GDF5-induced hMSCs suggesting that cytoskeleton reorganization signaling is an important event involved in tenogenic differentiation. Besides, a reduced nucleostemin expression observed suggested a lower cell proliferation rate in hMSCs undergoing tenogenic differentiation. Understanding and elucidating the tenogenic differentiation signalling pathways are important for future optimization of tenogenic hMSCs for functional tendon cell-based therapy and tissue engineering.
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Xu F, Xu L, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Ye Z, Tan WS. A three-dimensional dynamic coculture system enabling facile cell separation for chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gugjoo MB, . A, Kinjavdeka P, Aithal HP, Matin Ansa M, Pawde AM, Sharma GT. Isolation, Culture and Characterization of New Zealand White Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2015.537.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Desantis S, Accogli G, Zizza S, Mastrodonato M, Blasi A, Francioso E, Rossi R, Crovace A, Resta L. Ultrastructural study of cultured ovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Ann Anat 2015. [PMID: 26196242 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (oBM-MSCs) represent a good animal model for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. Despite their use as a new therapeutic tool for several clinical applications, the morphological features of oBM-MSCs are yet unknown. Therefore, in this study the ultrastructural phenotype of these cells was analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The oBM-MSCs were isolated from the iliac crest and cultured until they reached near-confluence. After trypsinization, they were processed to investigate their ultrastructural features as well as specific surface marker proteins by flow cytometry and immunogold electron microscopy. Flow cytometry displayed that all oBM-MSCs lacked expression of CD31, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR whereas they expressed CD44, CD58, HLAI and a minor subset of the cell population (12%) exhibited CD90. TEM revealed the presence of two morphologically distinct cell types: cuboidal electron-lucent cells and spindle-shaped electron-dense cells, both expressing the CD90 antigen. Most of the electron-lucent cells showed glycogen aggregates, dilated cisternae of RER, moderately developed Golgi complex, and secretory activity. The electron-dense cell type was constituted by two different cell-populations: type A cells with numerous endosomes, dense bodies, rod-shaped mitochondria and filopodia; type B cells with elongated mitochondria, thin pseudopodia and cytoplasmic connectivity with electron-lucent cells. These morphological findings could provide a useful support to identify "in situ" the cellular components involved in the cell-therapy when cultured oBM-MSCs are injected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Desantis
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy.
| | - Gianluca Accogli
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Sara Zizza
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | | | - Antonella Blasi
- Medestea Research and Production Laboratories, Consorzio CARSO, Bari, Italy
| | - Edda Francioso
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Antonio Crovace
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
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Tissue engineering of the temporomandibular joint disc: current status and future trends. Int J Artif Organs 2015; 38:55-68. [PMID: 25744198 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Temporomandibular joint disorders are extremely prevalent and there is no ideal treatment clinically for the moment. For severe cases, a discectomy often need to be performed, which will further result in the development of osteoarthritis. In the past thirty years, tissue engineering has provided a promising approach for the effective remedy of severe TMJ disease through the creation of viable, effective, and biological functional implants. METHODS Although TMJ disc tissue engineering is still in early stage, unremitting efforts and some achievements have been made over the past decades. In this review, a comprehensive summary of the available literature on the progress and status in tissue engineering of the TMJ disc regarding cell sources, scaffolds, biochemical and biomechanical stimuli, and other prospects relative to this field is provided. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Even though research studies in this field are too few compared to other fibrocartilage (e.g., knee meniscus) and numerous, difficult tasks still exist, we believe that our ultimate goal of regenerating a biological implant whose histological, biochemical, and biomechanical properties parallel native TMJ discs for clinical therapy will be achieved in the near future.
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The proliferation and tenogenic differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell are influenced by specific uniaxial cyclic tensile loading conditions. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2014; 14:649-63. [PMID: 25351891 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-014-0628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that mechanical stimuli are important for multipotent human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) to maintain good tissue homeostasis and even to enhance tissue repair processes. In tendons, this is achieved by promoting the cellular proliferation and tenogenic expression/differentiation. The present study was conducted to determine the optimal loading conditions needed to achieve the best proliferation rates and tenogenic differentiation potential. The effects of mechanical uniaxial stretching using different rates and strains were performed on hMSCs cultured in vitro. hMSCs were subjected to cyclical uniaxial stretching of 4, 8 or 12 % strain at 0.5 or 1 Hz for 6, 24, 48 or 72 h. Cell proliferation was analyzed using alamarBlue[Formula: see text] assay, while hMSCs differentiation was analyzed using total collagen assay and specific tenogenic gene expression markers (type I collagen, type III collagen, decorin, tenascin-C, scleraxis and tenomodulin). Our results demonstrate that the highest cell proliferation is observed when 4 % strain [Formula: see text] 1 Hz was applied. However, at 8 % strain [Formula: see text] 1 Hz loading, collagen production and the tenogenic gene expression were highest. Increasing strain or rates thereafter did not demonstrate any significant increase in both cell proliferation and tenogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our results suggest that 4 % [Formula: see text] 1 Hz cyclic uniaxial loading increases cell proliferation, but higher strains are required for superior tenogenic expressions. This study suggests that selected loading regimes will stimulate tenogenesis of hMSCs.
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Huang L, Li R, Liu W, Dai J, Du Z, Wang X, Ma J, Zhao J. Dynamic culture of a thermosensitive collagen hydrogel as an extracellular matrix improves the construction of tissue-engineered peripheral nerve. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1371-8. [PMID: 25221594 PMCID: PMC4160868 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.137590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering technologies offer new treatment strategies for the repair of peripheral nerve injury, but cell loss between seeding and adhesion to the scaffold remains inevitable. A thermosensitive collagen hydrogel was used as an extracellular matrix in this study and combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to construct tissue-engineered peripheral nerve composites in vitro. Dynamic culture was performed at an oscillating frequency of 0.5 Hz and 35° swing angle above and below the horizontal plane. The results demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells formed membrane-like structures around the poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds and exhibited regular alignment on the composite surface. Collagen was used to fill in the pores, and seeded cells adhered onto the poly-L-lactic acid fibers. The DNA content of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was higher in the composites constructed with a thermosensitive collagen hydrogel compared with that in collagen I scaffold controls. The cellular DNA content was also higher in the thermosensitive collagen hydrogel composites constructed with the thermosensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture than that in static culture. These results indicate that tissue-engineered composites formed with thermosensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture can maintain larger numbers of seeded cells by avoiding cell loss during the initial adhesion stage. Moreover, seeded cells were distributed throughout the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfeng Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedics Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- Centre of Hand & Foot Surgery and Reparative & Reconstructive Surgery, Orthopedics Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wanguo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, the Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedics Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenwu Du
- Institute of Orthopedics, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedics Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedics Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Jin L, Ji S, Shen M, Zhang J, Han J, Ni J. Expansion, characterization, and differentiation of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in serum-free medium. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2014.929026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kamisan N, Vasudevaraj Naveen S, Elina Ahmad R, Kamarul T. Erratum to: Chondrocyte density, proteoglycan content and gene expressions from native cartilage are species specific and not dependent on cartilage thickness: a comparative analysis between rat, rabbit and goat. BMC Vet Res 2013. [PMCID: PMC3707811 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Nam HY, Karunanithi P, Loo WC, Naveen S, Chen H, Hussin P, Chan L, Kamarul T. The effects of staged intra-articular injection of cultured autologous mesenchymal stromal cells on the repair of damaged cartilage: a pilot study in caprine model. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R129. [PMID: 24286235 PMCID: PMC3979160 DOI: 10.1186/ar4309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatment of chondral injuries remains a major issue despite the many advances made in cartilage repair techniques. Although it has been postulated that the use of marrow stimulation in combination with cell-based therapy may provide superior outcome, this has yet to be demonstrated. A pilot study was thus conducted to determine if bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have modulatory effects on the repair outcomes of bone marrow stimulation (BMS) techniques. Methods Two full-thickness chondral 5 mm diameter defects were created in tandem on the medial condyle of left stifle joints of 18 Boer caprine (N = 18). Goats were then divided equally into three groups. Simultaneously, bone marrow aspirates were taken from the iliac crests from the goats in Group 1 and were sent for BM-MSC isolation and expansion in vitro. Six weeks later, BMS surgery, which involves subchondral drilling at the defect sites, was performed. After two weeks, the knees in Group 1 were given autologous intra-articular BM-MSCs (N = 6). In Group 2, although BMS was performed there were no supplementations provided. In Group 3, no intervention was administered. The caprines were sacrificed after six months. Repairs were evaluated using macroscopic assessment through the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scoring, histologic grading by O’Driscoll score, biochemical assays for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and gene expressions for aggrecan, collagen II and Sox9. Results Histological and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated hyaline-like cartilage regeneration in the transplanted sites particularly in Group 1. In contrast, tissues in Groups 2 and 3 demonstrated mainly fibrocartilage. The highest ICRS and O’Driscoll scorings was also observed in Group 1, while the lowest score was seen in Group 3. Similarly, the total GAG/total protein as well as chondrogenic gene levels were expressed in the same order, that is highest in Group 1 while the lowest in Group three. Significant differences between these 3 groups were observed (P <0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that supplementing intra-articular injections of BM-MSCs following BMS knee surgery provides superior cartilage repair outcomes.
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Lu T, Huang Y, Wang H, Ma Y, Guan W. Multi-lineage potential research of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) from cattle. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:21-35. [PMID: 24043451 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bBMSCs) were isolated from the bone marrow of a 4-6-month-old fetal bovine and then characterized by immunofluorescence and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We found that primary bBMSCs could be expanded for 46 passages; the total culture time in vitro was 125 days. The results of surface antigen detection showed that bBMSCs expressed CD29, CD44, and CD73 but did not express endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells-specific marker CD31, CD34, and CD45. The cells from four passages (passages 3, 9, 15, and 25) were successfully induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatic, and islet-like cells. The results indicate the potential for multi-lineage differentiation of bBMSCs that may represent an ideal candidate for cellular transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeng Lu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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