51
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Dalskov L, Gad HH, Hartmann R. Viral recognition and the antiviral interferon response. EMBO J 2023:e112907. [PMID: 37367474 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines that play a key role in the innate immune response to viral infections. In response to viral stimuli, cells produce and release interferons, which then act on neighboring cells to induce the transcription of hundreds of genes. Many of these gene products either combat the viral infection directly, e.g., by interfering with viral replication, or help shape the following immune response. Here, we review how viral recognition leads to the production of different types of IFNs and how this production differs in spatial and temporal manners. We then continue to describe how these IFNs play different roles in the ensuing immune response depending on when and where they are produced or act during an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Dalskov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Henrik Gad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rune Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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52
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Waugh KA, Minter R, Baxter J, Chi C, Galbraith MD, Tuttle KD, Eduthan NP, Kinning KT, Andrysik Z, Araya P, Dougherty H, Dunn LN, Ludwig M, Schade KA, Tracy D, Smith KP, Granrath RE, Busquet N, Khanal S, Anderson RD, Cox LL, Estrada BE, Rachubinski AL, Lyford HR, Britton EC, Fantauzzo KA, Orlicky DJ, Matsuda JL, Song K, Cox TC, Sullivan KD, Espinosa JM. Triplication of the interferon receptor locus contributes to hallmarks of Down syndrome in a mouse model. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1034-1047. [PMID: 37277650 PMCID: PMC10260402 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), the genetic condition caused by trisomy 21, is characterized by variable cognitive impairment, immune dysregulation, dysmorphogenesis and increased prevalence of diverse co-occurring conditions. The mechanisms by which trisomy 21 causes these effects remain largely unknown. We demonstrate that triplication of the interferon receptor (IFNR) gene cluster on chromosome 21 is necessary for multiple phenotypes in a mouse model of DS. Whole-blood transcriptome analysis demonstrated that IFNR overexpression associates with chronic interferon hyperactivity and inflammation in people with DS. To define the contribution of this locus to DS phenotypes, we used genome editing to correct its copy number in a mouse model of DS, which normalized antiviral responses, prevented heart malformations, ameliorated developmental delays, improved cognition and attenuated craniofacial anomalies. Triplication of the Ifnr locus modulates hallmarks of DS in mice, suggesting that trisomy 21 elicits an interferonopathy potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Waugh
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ross Minter
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jessica Baxter
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Congwu Chi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn D Tuttle
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neetha P Eduthan
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kohl T Kinning
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zdenek Andrysik
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paula Araya
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hannah Dougherty
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lauren N Dunn
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael Ludwig
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyndal A Schade
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dayna Tracy
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Keith P Smith
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ross E Granrath
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicolas Busquet
- Animal Behavior Core, NeuroTechnology Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Santosh Khanal
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ryan D Anderson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Liza L Cox
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Belinda Enriquez Estrada
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angela L Rachubinski
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hannah R Lyford
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eleanor C Britton
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katherine A Fantauzzo
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer L Matsuda
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kunhua Song
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Timothy C Cox
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Kelly D Sullivan
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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53
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Peiper AM, Helm EW, Nguyen Q, Phillips M, Williams CG, Shah D, Tatum S, Iyer N, Grodzki M, Eurell LB, Nasir A, Baldridge MT, Karst SM. Infection of neonatal mice with the murine norovirus strain WU23 is a robust model to study norovirus pathogenesis. Lab Anim (NY) 2023; 52:119-129. [PMID: 37142696 PMCID: PMC10234811 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-023-01166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Noroviruses are the leading cause of severe childhood diarrhea and foodborne disease worldwide. While they are a major cause of disease in all age groups, infections in the very young can be quite severe, with annual estimates of 50,000-200,000 fatalities in children under 5 years old. In spite of the remarkable disease burden associated with norovirus infections, very little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms underlying norovirus diarrhea, principally because of the lack of tractable small animal models. The development of the murine norovirus (MNV) model nearly two decades ago has facilitated progress in understanding host-norovirus interactions and norovirus strain variability. However, MNV strains tested thus far either do not cause intestinal disease or were isolated from extraintestinal tissue, raising concerns about translatability of research findings to human norovirus disease. Consequently, the field lacks a strong model of norovirus gastroenteritis. Here we provide a comprehensive characterization of a new small animal model system for the norovirus field that overcomes prior weaknesses. Specifically, we demonstrate that the WU23 MNV strain isolated from a mouse naturally presenting with diarrhea causes a transient reduction in weight gain and acute self-resolving diarrhea in neonatal mice of several inbred mouse lines. Moreover, our findings reveal that norovirus-induced diarrhea is associated with infection of subepithelial cells in the small intestine and systemic spread. Finally, type I interferons (IFNs) are critical to protect hosts from norovirus-induced intestinal disease whereas type III IFNs exacerbate diarrhea. This latter finding is consistent with other emerging data implicating type III IFNs in the exacerbation of some viral diseases. This new model system should enable a detailed investigation of norovirus disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Peiper
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emily W Helm
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Phillips
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Caroline G Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dhairya Shah
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Tatum
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Neha Iyer
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marco Grodzki
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laura B Eurell
- Office of Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aqsa Nasir
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Megan T Baldridge
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephanie M Karst
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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54
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Zhao G, Gentile ME, Xue L, Cosgriff CV, Weiner AI, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Li X, Kass-Gergi S, Holcomb NP, Basal MC, Stewart KM, Planer JD, Cantu E, Christie JD, Crespo MM, Mitchell MJ, Meyer NJ, Vaughan AE. Vascular Endothelial-derived SPARCL1 Exacerbates Viral Pneumonia Through Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.25.541966. [PMID: 37292817 PMCID: PMC10245987 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.541966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation upon infectious lung injury is a double-edged sword: while tissue-infiltrating immune cells and cytokines are necessary to control infection, these same factors often aggravate injury. Full appreciation of both the sources and targets of inflammatory mediators is required to facilitate strategies to maintain antimicrobial effects while minimizing off-target epithelial and endothelial damage. Recognizing that the vasculature is centrally involved in tissue responses to injury and infection, we observed that pulmonary capillary endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit dramatic transcriptomic changes upon influenza injury punctuated by profound upregulation of Sparcl1 . Endothelial deletion and overexpression of SPARCL1 implicated this secreted matricellular protein in driving key pathophysiologic symptoms of pneumonia, which we demonstrate result from its effects on macrophage polarization. SPARCL1 induces a shift to a pro-inflammatory "M1-like" phenotype (CD86 + CD206 - ), thereby increasing associated cytokine levels. Mechanistically, SPARCL1 acts directly on macrophages in vitro to induce the pro-inflammatory phenotype via activation of TLR4, and TLR4 inhibition in vivo ameliorates inflammatory exacerbations caused by endothelial Sparcl1 overexpression. Finally, we confirmed significant elevation of SPARCL1 in COVID-19 lung ECs in comparison with those from healthy donors. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with fatal COVID-19 had higher levels of circulating SPARCL1 protein compared to those who recovered, indicating the potential of SPARCL1 as a biomarker for prognosis of pneumonia and suggesting that personalized medicine approaches might be harnessed to block SPARCL1 and improve outcomes in high-expressing patients.
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55
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Jiang L, Zhang W, Zhai DD, Wan G, Xia S, Meng J, Shi P, Chen N. Transcriptome profiling and bioinformatic analysis of the effect of ganoderic acid T prevents Sendai virus infection. Gene 2023; 862:147252. [PMID: 36740203 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderic acid T (GA-T) is an important triterpene of Ganoderma lucidum, which is utilized to treat viral infections. Sendai virus (SeV) is widely studied to determine the molecular biological characteristics of RNA viruses and employed to elucidate the mechanisms governing the innate immune response. However, the comprehensive mechanism governing the antiviral effects of GA-T against SeV infection remains unknown. In this study, SeV-infected host cells were treated with 16.3 μM GA-T, subsequently RNA-seq analysis was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The RNA-seq data showed that GA-T treatment upregulated 934 DEGs and downregulated 1283 DEGs against viral infection, in particularly, IFNGR1, IL1A, and IL1R1 were upregulated, and mTOR, SMAD3, IFNL2 and IFNL3 were decreased. GO and KEGG analysis illustrated that DEGs were clustered in mTOR and IL-17 signalling pathways. Protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated the high degree of nodes, such as CXCL8, CSF2, CXCL1 and MYD88. Our results indicated that GA-T exerted its antiviral pharmacological effects through inhibition of the mTOR signalling pathway and adjustment of innate immunity system and the inflammatory response involving the IL-17 signalling pathway. Our results may help to elucidate the potential functions and underlying mechanisms governing the antiviral effects of GA-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Jiang
- Zhoupu Hospital in Pudong New Area & Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhai
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Guoqing Wan
- Zhoupu Hospital in Pudong New Area & Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Shengli Xia
- Zhoupu Hospital in Pudong New Area & Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Jihong Meng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Nianhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Center Lab of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Medicine School of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, PR China.
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56
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Labzin LI, Chew KY, Eschke K, Wang X, Esposito T, Stocks CJ, Rae J, Patrick R, Mostafavi H, Hill B, Yordanov TE, Holley CL, Emming S, Fritzlar S, Mordant FL, Steinfort DP, Subbarao K, Nefzger CM, Lagendijk AK, Gordon EJ, Parton RG, Short KR, Londrigan SL, Schroder K. Macrophage ACE2 is necessary for SARS-CoV-2 replication and subsequent cytokine responses that restrict continued virion release. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabq1366. [PMID: 37098119 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abq1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are key cellular contributors to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 is present only on a subset of macrophages at sites of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Here, we investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 can enter macrophages, replicate, and release new viral progeny; whether macrophages need to sense a replicating virus to drive cytokine release; and, if so, whether ACE2 is involved in these mechanisms. We found that SARS-CoV-2 could enter, but did not replicate within, ACE2-deficient human primary macrophages and did not induce proinflammatory cytokine expression. By contrast, ACE2 overexpression in human THP-1-derived macrophages permitted SARS-CoV-2 entry, processing and replication, and virion release. ACE2-overexpressing THP-1 macrophages sensed active viral replication and triggered proinflammatory, antiviral programs mediated by the kinase TBK-1 that limited prolonged viral replication and release. These findings help elucidate the role of ACE2 and its absence in macrophage responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa I Labzin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Keng Yih Chew
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kathrin Eschke
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tyron Esposito
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Claudia J Stocks
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - James Rae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ralph Patrick
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Helen Mostafavi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Brittany Hill
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Teodor E Yordanov
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Caroline L Holley
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Stefan Emming
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Svenja Fritzlar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Francesca L Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Daniel P Steinfort
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Christian M Nefzger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anne K Lagendijk
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Emma J Gordon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kirsty R Short
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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57
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Ullah MA, Alam S, Moin AT, Ahamed T, Shohael AM. Risk factors and actionable molecular signatures in COVID-19-associated lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106855. [PMID: 37040675 PMCID: PMC10072980 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of COVID-19's pathogenic effect on lung cancer patients is yet unknown. In this study, we used differential gene expression pattern analysis to try to figure out the possible disease mechanism of COVID-19 and its associated risk factors in patients with the two most common types of non-small-cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. We also used network-based approaches to identify potential diagnostic and molecular targets for COVID-19-infected lung cancer patients. Our study showed that lung cancer and COVID-19 patients share 36 genes that are expressed differently and in common. Most of these genes are expressed in lung tissues and are mostly involved in the pathogenesis of different respiratory tract diseases. Additionally, we also found that COVID-19 may affect the expression of several cancer-associated genes in lung cancer patients, such as the oncogenes JUN, TNC, and POU2AF1. Moreover, we also reported that COVID-19 may predispose lung cancer patients to other diseases like acute liver failure and respiratory distress syndrome. Also, our findings in concert with published literature suggest that molecular signatures like hsa-mir-93-5p, CCNB2, IRF1, CD163, and different immune cell-based approaches could help both diagnose and treat this group of patients. Overall, the scientific results of this research will aid in the formulation of suitable management strategies as well as the development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods for COVID-19-infected lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Asad Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sayka Alam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Tayab Moin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Ahamed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Mohammad Shohael
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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58
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Martínez-Espinoza I, Guerrero-Plata A. Current Landscape of IFN-λ: Induction, Inhibition, and Potential Clinical Applications to Treat Respiratory Viral Infections. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:265-272. [PMID: 37071039 PMCID: PMC10579847 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IFN-λ or type III IFN is an important mediator of antiviral response. Several respiratory viruses induce the production of IFN-λ during their course of infection. However, they have also developed intricate mechanisms to inhibit its expression and activity. Despite a considerable amount of research on the regulatory mechanisms of respiratory viruses on the IFN-λ response, little is still known about the effect of this cytokine on immune cells and the antiviral effects of all IFN-λ isoforms, and a better understanding of the detrimental effects of IFN-λ treatment is required. Here we highlight the relevance of IFN-λ as an antiviral cytokine in the respiratory tract. Data from studies in vitro, ex vivo, experimental animal models, and ongoing clinical trials emphasize the therapeutic opportunity that IFN-λ represents to treat and prevent different types of respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Martínez-Espinoza
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Antonieta Guerrero-Plata
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
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59
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Cable J, Sun J, Cheon IS, Vaughan AE, Castro IA, Stein SR, López CB, Gostic KM, Openshaw PJM, Ellebedy AH, Wack A, Hutchinson E, Thomas MM, Langlois RA, Lingwood D, Baker SF, Folkins M, Foxman EF, Ward AB, Schwemmle M, Russell AB, Chiu C, Ganti K, Subbarao K, Sheahan TP, Penaloza-MacMaster P, Eddens T. Respiratory viruses: New frontiers-a Keystone Symposia report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1522:60-73. [PMID: 36722473 PMCID: PMC10580159 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are a common cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Viruses like influenza, RSV, and most recently SARS-CoV-2 can rapidly spread through a population, causing acute infection and, in vulnerable populations, severe or chronic disease. Developing effective treatment and prevention strategies often becomes a race against ever-evolving viruses that develop resistance, leaving therapy efficacy either short-lived or relevant for specific viral strains. On June 29 to July 2, 2022, researchers met for the Keystone symposium "Respiratory Viruses: New Frontiers." Researchers presented new insights into viral biology and virus-host interactions to understand the mechanisms of disease and identify novel treatment and prevention approaches that are effective, durable, and broad.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Sun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine; Department of Immunology; and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Carter Immunology Center and Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - In Su Cheon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine; Department of Immunology; and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Carter Immunology Center and Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Italo A Castro
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sydney R Stein
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center and Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carolina B López
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Center for Women Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Katelyn M Gostic
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ali H Ellebedy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs; and Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Ryan A Langlois
- Center for Immunology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven F Baker
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Melanie Folkins
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ellen F Foxman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Martin Schwemmle
- Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alistair B Russell
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Christopher Chiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ketaki Ganti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy P Sheahan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Taylor Eddens
- Pediatric Scientist Development Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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60
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Wang X, Liu Y, Li K, Hao Z. Roles of p53-Mediated Host–Virus Interaction in Coronavirus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076371. [PMID: 37047343 PMCID: PMC10094438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has garnered global attention due to its highly pathogenic nature and the resulting health crisis and economic burden. Although drugs such as Remdesivir have been considered a potential cure by targeting the virus on its RNA polymerase, the high mutation rate and unique 3’ to 5’ exonuclease with proofreading function make it challenging to develop effective anti-coronavirus drugs. As a result, there is an increasing focus on host–virus interactions because coronaviruses trigger stress responses, cell cycle changes, apoptosis, autophagy, and the dysregulation of immune function and inflammation in host cells. The p53 tumor suppressor molecule is a critical regulator of cell signaling pathways, cellular stress responses, DNA repair, and apoptosis. However, viruses can activate or inhibit p53 during viral infections to enhance viral replication and spread. Given its pivotal role in cell physiology, p53 represents a potential target for anti-coronavirus drugs. This review aims to summarize the relationship between p53 and coronaviruses from various perspectives, to shed light on potential targets for antiviral drug development and vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhihui Hao
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-010-6273-1192
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Alterations in the Expression of IFN Lambda, IFN Gamma and Toll-like Receptors in Severe COVID-19 Patients. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030689. [PMID: 36985262 PMCID: PMC10058642 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Contradictory results have been reported regarding interferon (IFN) lambda (λ1–3) and IFN gamma (γ) production in COVID-19 patients. To gain insight into the roles played by these IFNs in SARS-CoV-2 infection, IFNλ1–3 and IFNγ mRNA expression was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (n = 32) and in cells of paired bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) (n = 12). Lower IFNλ1–3 values (p < 0.001 for IFNλ1 and 3 and p = 0.013 for IFNλ2) in the PBMCs of severely ill patients were found compared to healthy donors (n = 15). Reduced levels of IFNγ were also detected in patients’ PBMCs (p < 0.01) and BALs (p = 0.041) compared to healthy donors. The presence of secondary bacterial infections was associated with decreased IFNλ amounts in PBMCs (p = 0.001, p = 0.015 and p = 0.003, respectively) but increased concentrations of IFNλ3 (p = 0.022) in BALs. Patients with alterations in C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and D-dimer levels had decreased IFNλ1 and 3 (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001) and increased IFNγ (p = 0.08) in PBMCs. Analyzing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in IFN production, we found that TLR3 was highly expressed (p = 0.033) in patients with bacterial superinfections, while TLR7 and 8 (p = 0.029 and p = 0.049) were reduced in BALs of deceased patients. Overall, severe COVID-19 might be characterized by dysregulation in IFNγ, IFNλ and TLR3, 7 and 8 production.
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Sarden N, Yipp BG. Virus-associated fungal infections and lost immune resistance. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:305-318. [PMID: 36890064 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are an increasing threat to human health. Of recent concern is the emergence of influenza- or SARS-CoV-2-virus-associated invasive fungal infections. Understanding acquired susceptibilities to fungi requires consideration of the collective and newly explored roles of adaptive, innate, and natural immunity. Neutrophils are known to provide host resistance, but new concepts are emerging that implicate innate antibodies, the actions of specialized B1 B cell subsets, and B cell-neutrophil crosstalk in mediating antifungal host resistance. Based on emerging evidence, we propose that virus infections impact on neutrophil and innate B cell resistance against fungi, leading to invasive infections. These concepts provide novel approaches to developing candidate therapeutics with the aim of restoring natural and humoral immunity and boosting neutrophil resistance against fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Sarden
- Calvin, Phoebe, and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan G Yipp
- Calvin, Phoebe, and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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63
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Sekimoto Y, Sekiya M, Nojiri S, Hayakawa E, Masui Y, Tajima M, Nishino K, Nishizaki Y, Takahashi K. IFN-λ3 and CCL17 as predictors of disease progression in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: A cohort study in a real-world setting. Respir Investig 2023; 61:153-156. [PMID: 36682084 PMCID: PMC9834168 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has overwhelmed hospitals worldwide. In Japan, serum interferon lambda 3 (IFN-λ3) and C-C motif ligand (CCL) 17 levels have been used as predictive markers for disease progression to severe COVID-19. However, the relationship between these predictive markers and the disease progression of COVID-19 has not been well evaluated. We retrospectively evaluated the patient characteristics, serum IFN-λ3 and CCL17 levels, and comorbidities of 92 patients with mild (n = 20) and moderate (n = 72) COVID-19 who were hospitalized in our institution. The results of the multivariable analysis showed that the positive rates of IFN-λ3, CCL17, and the combination of these markers were significantly elevated in patients with progressed COVID-19. Furthermore, patients who were negative for both markers did not experience disease progression. This study illustrates the importance of measuring these markers to predict disease severity and progression in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Sekimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuaki Sekiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuko Nojiri
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Hayakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Masui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Tajima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishizaki
- Division of Medical Education, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Microscopic lesions and modulation of gene expression in cervical medulla during BoAHV-1and BoAHV-5 infection: A mini-review. Res Vet Sci 2023; 156:81-87. [PMID: 36791580 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus (BoAHV) types 1 and 5 are closely-related neurotropic alpha-herpesviruses. BoAHV-1 generally causes respiratory and genital disease but can occasionally cause encephalitis. BoAHV-5 is the causative agent of non suppurative meningoencephalitis in calves. During neuroinvasion, both viruses reach the central and peripheral nervous system. While brain alterations are well-described, the changes that occur in the medulla have not been fully detailed. In this work, we integrated and analyzed the virological findings, the microscopic lesions and the changes that occur in the expression of genes related to the innate immunity, cell cycle and apoptosis in the cervical medulla of calves experimentally-infected with BoAHV-1 and BoAHV-5. This will contribute to the understanding of the differential neuropathogenesis of these alpha-herpesviruses of cattle.
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65
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Hattab D, Amer MFA, Mohd Gazzali A, Chuah LH, Bakhtiar A. Current status in cellular-based therapies for prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023:1-25. [PMID: 36825325 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2177605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks that resulted in a catastrophic threat to global health, with more than 500 million cases detected and 5.5 million deaths worldwide. Patients with a COVID-19 infection presented with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe symptoms, resulting in acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and even death. Immune dysregulation through delayed innate immune response or impairment of the adaptive immune response is the key contributor to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm. Symptomatic and supportive therapy is the fundamental strategy in treating COVID-19 infection, including antivirals, steroid-based therapies, and cell-based immunotherapies. Various studies reported substantial effects of immune-based therapies for patients with COVID-19 to modulate the over-activated immune system while simultaneously refining the body's ability to destroy the virus. However, challenges may arise from the complexity of the disease through the genetic variance of the virus itself and patient heterogeneity, causing increased transmissibility and heightened immune system evasion that rapidly change the intervention and prevention measures for SARS-CoV-2. Cell-based therapy, utilizing stem cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and T cells, among others, are being extensively explored as other potential immunological approaches for preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2-affected patients the similar process was effectively proven in SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV infections. This review provides detailed insights into the innate and adaptive immune response-mediated cell-based immunotherapies in COVID-19 patients. The immune response linking towards engineered autologous or allogenic immune cells for either treatment or preventive therapies is subsequently highlighted in an individual study or in combination with several existing treatments. Up-to-date data on completed and ongoing clinical trials of cell-based agents for preventing or treating COVID-19 are also outlined to provide a guide that can help in treatment decisions and future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dima Hattab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mumen F A Amer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amirah Mohd Gazzali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Lay Hong Chuah
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Athirah Bakhtiar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Wallis RS, O'Garra A, Sher A, Wack A. Host-directed immunotherapy of viral and bacterial infections: past, present and future. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:121-133. [PMID: 35672482 PMCID: PMC9171745 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The advent of COVID-19 and the persistent threat of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, influenza and HIV/AIDS remind us of the marked impact that infections continue to have on public health. Some of the most effective protective measures are vaccines but these have been difficult to develop for some of these infectious diseases even after decades of research. The development of drugs and immunotherapies acting directly against the pathogen can be equally challenging, and such pathogen-directed therapeutics have the potential disadvantage of selecting for resistance. An alternative approach is provided by host-directed therapies, which interfere with host cellular processes required for pathogen survival or replication, or target the host immune response to infection (immunotherapies) to either augment immunity or ameliorate immunopathology. Here, we provide a historical perspective of host-directed immunotherapeutic interventions for viral and bacterial infections and then focus on SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, two major human pathogens of the current era, to indicate the key lessons learned and discuss candidate immunotherapeutic approaches, with a focus on drugs currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Wallis
- The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Anne O'Garra
- Immunoregulation and Infection Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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Singh J, Anantharaj A, Panwar A, Rani C, Bhardwaj M, Kumar P, Chattopadhyay P, Devi P, Maurya R, Mishra P, Pandey AK, Pandey R, Medigeshi GR. BA.1, BA.2 and BA.2.75 variants show comparable replication kinetics, reduced impact on epithelial barrier and elicit cross-neutralizing antibodies. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011196. [PMID: 36827451 PMCID: PMC9994724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is capable of infecting unvaccinated, vaccinated and previously-infected individuals due to its ability to evade neutralization by antibodies. With multiple sub-lineages of Omicron emerging in the last 12 months, there is inadequate information on the quantitative antibody response generated upon natural infection with Omicron variant and whether these antibodies offer cross-protection against other sub-lineages of Omicron variant. In this study, we characterized the growth kinetics of Kappa, Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Calu-3 cells. Relatively higher amounts infectious virus titers, cytopathic effect and disruption of epithelial barrier functions was observed with Delta variant whereas infection with Omicron sub-lineages led to a more robust induction of interferon pathway, lower level of virus replication and mild effect on epithelial barrier. The replication kinetics of BA.1, BA.2 and BA.2.75 sub-lineages of the Omicron variant were comparable in cell culture and natural infection in a subset of individuals led to a significant increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies to the Delta variant and all the three sub-lineages of Omicron but the level of neutralizing antibodies were lowest against the BA.2.75 variant. Finally, we show that Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ salts inhibited in vitro RdRp activity but only Cu2+ and Fe2+ inhibited both the Delta and Omicron variants in cell culture. Thus, our results suggest that high levels of interferons induced upon infection with Omicron variant may counter virus replication and spread. Waning neutralizing antibody titers rendered subjects susceptible to infection by Omicron variants and natural Omicron infection elicits neutralizing antibodies that can cross-react with other sub-lineages of Omicron and other variants of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janmejay Singh
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anbalagan Anantharaj
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Aleksha Panwar
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Chitra Rani
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Monika Bhardwaj
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Partha Chattopadhyay
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Priti Devi
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ranjeet Maurya
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pallavi Mishra
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pandey
- Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Guruprasad R. Medigeshi
- Bioassay Laboratory and Clinical and Cellular Virology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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68
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Lane S, Hilliam Y, Bomberger JM. Microbial and Immune Regulation of the Gut-Lung Axis during Viral-Bacterial Coinfection. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0029522. [PMID: 36409130 PMCID: PMC9879096 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00295-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral-bacterial coinfections of the respiratory tract have long been associated with worsened disease outcomes. Clinical and basic research studies demonstrate that these infections are driven via complex interactions between the infecting pathogens, microbiome, and host immune response, although how these interactions contribute to disease progression is still not fully understood. Research over the last decade shows that the gut has a significant role in mediating respiratory outcomes, in a phenomenon known as the "gut-lung axis." Emerging literature demonstrates that acute respiratory viruses can modulate the gut-lung axis, suggesting that dysregulation of gut-lung cross talk may be a contributing factor during respiratory coinfection. This review will summarize the current literature regarding modulation of the gut-lung axis during acute respiratory infection, with a focus on the role of the microbiome, secondary infections, and the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Lane
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yasmin Hilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Bomberger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Benamar M, Chen Q, Chou J, Julé AM, Boudra R, Contini P, Crestani E, Lai PS, Wang M, Fong J, Rockwitz S, Lee P, Chan TMF, Altun EZ, Kepenekli E, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Ozen A, Boran P, Aygun F, Onal P, Sakalli AAK, Cokugras H, Gelmez MY, Oktelik FB, Cetin EA, Zhong Y, Taylor ML, Irby K, Halasa NB, Mack EH, Signa S, Prigione I, Gattorno M, Cotugno N, Amodio D, Geha RS, Son MB, Newburger J, Agrawal PB, Volpi S, Palma P, Kiykim A, Randolph AG, Deniz G, Baris S, De Palma R, Schmitz-Abe K, Charbonnier LM, Henderson LA, Chatila TA. The Notch1/CD22 signaling axis disrupts Treg function in SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163235. [PMID: 36282598 PMCID: PMC9797337 DOI: 10.1172/jci163235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) evolves in some pediatric patients following acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 by hitherto unknown mechanisms. Whereas acute-COVID-19 severity and outcomes were previously correlated with Notch4 expression on Tregs, here, we show that Tregs in MIS-C were destabilized through a Notch1-dependent mechanism. Genetic analysis revealed that patients with MIS-C had enrichment of rare deleterious variants affecting inflammation and autoimmunity pathways, including dominant-negative mutations in the Notch1 regulators NUMB and NUMBL leading to Notch1 upregulation. Notch1 signaling in Tregs induced CD22, leading to their destabilization in a mTORC1-dependent manner and to the promotion of systemic inflammation. These results identify a Notch1/CD22 signaling axis that disrupts Treg function in MIS-C and point to distinct immune checkpoints controlled by individual Treg Notch receptors that shape the inflammatory outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Benamar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amélie M. Julé
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rafik Boudra
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paola Contini
- Unit of Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elena Crestani
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peggy S. Lai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muyun Wang
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason Fong
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shira Rockwitz
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Pui Lee
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tsz Man Fion Chan
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ekin Zeynep Altun
- Ministry of Healthy, Marmara University Education and Training Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Kepenekli
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Perran Boran
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Social Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Aygun
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Onal
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Ayzit Kilinc Sakalli
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haluk Cokugras
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yusuf Gelmez
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betul Oktelik
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Aktas Cetin
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yuelin Zhong
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Lucia Taylor
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Irby
- Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Natasha B. Halasa
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elizabeth H. Mack
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Sara Signa
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy and Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ignazia Prigione
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Cotugno
- Clinical and Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Chair of Pediatrics, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Roma, Italy
| | - Donato Amodio
- Clinical and Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Raif S. Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary Beth Son
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane Newburger
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefano Volpi
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy and Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Clinical and Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Chair of Pediatrics, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Roma, Italy
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adrienne G. Randolph
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- Unit of Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- CNR Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (IBC), Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren A. Henderson
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Talal A. Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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70
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Sehrawat S, Osterrieder N, Schmid DS, Rouse BT. Can the triumph of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 be extended to other viral infections of humans and domesticated animals? Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105078. [PMID: 36435367 PMCID: PMC9682868 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented success of mRNA vaccines in managing the COVID-19 pandemic raises the prospect of applying the mRNA platform to other viral diseases of humans and domesticated animals, which may lead to more efficacious vaccines for some agents. We briefly discuss reasons why mRNA vaccines achieved such success against COVID-19 and indicate what other virus infections and disease conditions might also be ripe for control using mRNA vaccines. We also evaluate situations where mRNA could prove valuable to rebalance the status of immune responsiveness and achieve success as a therapeutic vaccine approach against infections that induce immunoinflammatory lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharvan Sehrawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar Knowledge City, PO Manauli, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India,Corresponding author
| | - Nikolaus Osterrieder
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany,Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 5F, Block 1B, To Yuen Building, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - D. Scott Schmid
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Barry T. Rouse
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996-0845, USA,Corresponding author
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71
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Kombe Kombe AJ, Jin T. Editorial: Host-microbe interaction in SARS-CoV-2 infection: mechanism and intervention. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198868. [PMID: 37143671 PMCID: PMC10152881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (C.A.S.) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, United State Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, United States
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (C.A.S.) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tengchuan Jin,
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72
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Arish M, Qian W, Narasimhan H, Sun J. COVID-19 immunopathology: From acute diseases to chronic sequelae. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28122. [PMID: 36056655 PMCID: PMC9537925 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The clinical manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mainly targets the lung as a primary affected organ, which is also a critical site of immune cell activation by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, recent reports also suggest the involvement of extrapulmonary tissues in COVID-19 pathology. The interplay of both innate and adaptive immune responses is key to COVID-19 management. As a result, a robust innate immune response provides the first line of defense, concomitantly, adaptive immunity neutralizes the infection and builds memory for long-term protection. However, dysregulated immunity, both innate and adaptive, can skew towards immunopathology both in acute and chronic cases. Here we have summarized some of the recent findings that provide critical insight into the immunopathology caused by SARS-CoV-2, in acute and post-acute cases. Finally, we further discuss some of the immunomodulatory drugs in preclinical and clinical trials for dampening the immunopathology caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Arish
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Harish Narasimhan
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,corresponding author.
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73
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Liu S, Deng S, Li X, Chen J, Yuan Y, Zhao H, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhang H, Cheng D. Endosomal Escapable and Nuclear Localizing Cationic Polyaspartate-Based CRISPR Activation System for Preventing Respiratory Virus Infection by Specifically Inducing Interferon-λ. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55376-55391. [PMID: 36503225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global pandemics caused by viruses cause widespread panic and economic losses. The lack of specific antivirals and vaccines increases the spreading of viral diseases worldwide. Thus, alternative strategies are required to manage viral outbreaks. Here, we develop a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system based on polymeric carriers to prevent respiratory virus infection in a mouse model. A polyaspartate grafted with 2-(diisopropylamino) ethylamine (DIP) and nuclear localization signal peptides (NLS-MTAS fusion peptide) was complexed with plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding dCas9-VPR and sgRNA targeting IFN-λ. The pH-sensitive DIP and NLS-MTAS groups were favor of endo-lysosomal escape and nuclear localization of pDNA, respectively. They synergistically improved gene transfection efficiency, resulting in significant reporter gene expression and IFN-λ upregulation in lung tissue. In vitro and in vivo prophylactic experiments showed that the non-viral CRISPRa system could prevent infection caused by H1N1 viruses with minimal inflammatory responses, presenting a promising prophylactic approach against respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Shaohui Deng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Jifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Yaochang Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510630, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Du Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
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74
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MIR155HG Plays a Bivalent Role in Regulating Innate Antiviral Immunity by Encoding Long Noncoding RNA-155 and microRNA-155-5p. mBio 2022; 13:e0251022. [PMID: 36321836 PMCID: PMC9765511 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02510-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MIR155HG encodes a precursor RNA of microRNA-155 (miRNA-155). We previously identified this RNA also as a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that we call lncRNA-155. To define the functions of miRNA-155 and lncRNA-155, we generated miRNA-155 knockout (KO) mice lacking only 19 bp of the miRNA-155 core sequence without affecting the expression of lncRNA-155. Surprisingly, compared with the miRNA-155KO mice, previously generated lncRNA-155KO mice were more susceptible to both influenza virus (RNA virus) and pseudorabies virus (DNA virus) infection, as characterized by lower survival rate, higher body weight loss, and higher viral load. We found that miRNA-155-5p enhanced antiviral responses by positively regulating activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), but the STAT1 activity differed greatly in the animals (lncRNA-155KO < miRNA-155KO < wild type). In line with this, expression levels of several critical interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were also significantly different (lncRNA-155KO < miRNA-155KO < wild type). We found that lncRNA-155 augmented interferon beta (IFN-β) production during the viral infection, but miRNA-155 had no significant effect on the virus-induced IFN-β expression. Furthermore, we observed that lncRNA-155 loss in mice resulted in dramatic inhibition of virus-induced activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 compared to both miRNA-155KO and wild-type (WT) animals. Moreover, lncRNA-155 still significantly suppressed the viral infection even though the miRNA-155 derived from lncRNA-155 was deleted or blocked. These results reveal that lncRNA-155 and miRNA-155 regulate antiviral responses through distinct mechanisms, indicating a bivalent role for MIR155HG in innate immunity. IMPORTANCE Here, we found that lncRNA-155KO mice lacking most of the lncRNA-155 sequences along with pre-miRNA-155, were more susceptible to influenza virus or pseudorabies virus infection than miRNA-155KO mice lacking only 19 bp of the miRNA-155 core sequence without affecting the expression of lncRNA-155, as evidenced by faster body weight loss, poorer survival, and higher viral load, suggesting an additional role of lncRNA-155 in regulating viral pathogenesis besides via processing miRNA-155. Congruously, miRNA-155-deleted lncRNA-155 significantly attenuated the viral infection. Mechanistically, we demonstrated miRNA-155-5p potentiated antiviral responses by promoting STAT1 activation but could not directly regulate the IFN-β expression. In contrast, lncRNA-155 enhanced virus-induced IFN-β production by regulating the activation of interferon regulatory factor 3. This finding reveals a bivalent role of MIR155HG in regulating antiviral responses through encoding lncRNA-155 and miRNA-155-5p and provides new insights into complicated mechanisms underlying interaction between virus and host innate immunity.
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75
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Kaiser KA, Loffredo LF, Santos-Alexis KDL, Ringham OR, Arpaia N. Regulation of the alveolar regenerative niche by amphiregulin-producing regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 2022; 220:213767. [PMID: 36534084 PMCID: PMC9767680 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Following respiratory viral infection, regeneration of the epithelial barrier is required to preserve lung function and prevent secondary infections. Lung regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical for maintaining blood oxygenation following influenza virus infection through production of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (Areg); however, how Treg cells engage with progenitors within the alveolar niche is unknown. Here, we describe local interactions between Treg cells and an Areg-responsive population of Col14a1+EGFR+ lung mesenchymal cells that mediate type II alveolar epithelial (AT2) cell-mediated regeneration following influenza virus infection. We propose a mechanism whereby Treg cells are deployed to sites of damage and provide pro-survival cues that support mesenchymal programming of the alveolar niche. In the absence of fibroblast EGFR signaling, we observe impaired AT2 proliferation and disrupted lung remodeling following viral clearance, uncovering a crucial immune/mesenchymal/epithelial network that guides alveolar regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Kaiser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucas F. Loffredo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Olivia R. Ringham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Arpaia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA,Correspondence to Nicholas Arpaia:
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76
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Hagihara M, Yamashita M, Ariyoshi T, Eguchi S, Minemura A, Miura D, Higashi S, Oka K, Nonogaki T, Mori T, Iwasaki K, Hirai J, Shibata Y, Umemura T, Kato H, Asai N, Yamagishi Y, Ota A, Takahashi M, Mikamo H. Clostridium butyricum-induced ω-3 fatty acid 18-HEPE elicits anti-influenza virus pneumonia effects through interferon-λ upregulation. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111755. [PMID: 36516771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise mechanism by which butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut contribute to resistance to respiratory viral infections remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe a gut-lung axis mechanism and report that orally administered Clostridium butyricum (CB) enhances influenza virus infection resistance through upregulation of interferon (IFN)-λ in lung epithelial cells. Gut microbiome-induced ω-3 fatty acid 18-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) promotes IFN-λ production through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)120 and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-1/-7 activations. CB promotes 18-HEPE production in the gut and enhances ω-3 fatty acid sensitivity in the lungs by promoting GPR120 expression. This study finds a gut-lung axis mechanism and provides insights into the treatments and prophylaxis for viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ariyoshi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Shuhei Eguchi
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Ayaka Minemura
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Daiki Miura
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Seiya Higashi
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oka
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Tsunemasa Nonogaki
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kenta Iwasaki
- Departments of Kidney Disease and Transplant Immunology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Hirai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shibata
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideo Kato
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Asai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuka Yamagishi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Departments of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Motomichi Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan.
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77
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Beer J, Crotta S, Breithaupt A, Ohnemus A, Becker J, Sachs B, Kern L, Llorian M, Ebert N, Labroussaa F, Nhu Thao TT, Trueeb BS, Jores J, Thiel V, Beer M, Fuchs J, Kochs G, Wack A, Schwemmle M, Schnepf D. Impaired immune response drives age-dependent severity of COVID-19. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220621. [PMID: 36129445 PMCID: PMC9499827 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Severity of COVID-19 shows an extraordinary correlation with increasing age. We generated a mouse model for severe COVID-19 and show that the age-dependent disease severity is caused by the disruption of a timely and well-coordinated innate and adaptive immune response due to impaired interferon (IFN) immunity. Aggravated disease in aged mice was characterized by a diminished IFN-γ response and excessive virus replication. Accordingly, adult IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice phenocopied the age-related disease severity, and supplementation of IFN-γ reversed the increased disease susceptibility of aged mice. Further, we show that therapeutic treatment with IFN-λ in adults and a combinatorial treatment with IFN-γ and IFN-λ in aged Ifnar1-/- mice was highly efficient in protecting against severe disease. Our findings provide an explanation for the age-dependent disease severity and clarify the nonredundant antiviral functions of type I, II, and III IFNs during SARS-CoV-2 infection in an age-dependent manner. Our data suggest that highly vulnerable individuals could benefit from immunotherapy combining IFN-γ and IFN-λ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Beer
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Angele Breithaupt
- Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Annette Ohnemus
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Sachs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Kern
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Llorian
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nadine Ebert
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Labroussaa
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tran Thi Nhu Thao
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Salome Trueeb
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Jores
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Volker Thiel
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jonas Fuchs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Kochs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Martin Schwemmle
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schnepf
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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78
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Essaidi-Laziosi M, Alvarez C, Puhach O, Sattonnet-Roche P, Torriani G, Tapparel C, Kaiser L, Eckerle I. Sequential infections with rhinovirus and influenza modulate the replicative capacity of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:412-423. [PMID: 34931581 PMCID: PMC8803056 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2021806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although frequently reported since the beginning of the pandemic, questions remain regarding the impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) interaction with circulating respiratory viruses in coinfected patients. We here investigated dual infections involving early-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and the Alpha variant and three of the most prevalent respiratory viruses, rhinovirus (RV) and Influenza A and B viruses (IAV and IBV), in reconstituted respiratory airway epithelial cells cultured at air-liquid interface. We found that SARS-CoV-2 replication was impaired by primary, but not secondary, rhino- and influenza virus infection. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 had no effect on the replication of these seasonal respiratory viruses. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 correlated better with immune response triggered by RV, IAV and IBV than the virus entry. Using neutralizing antibody against type I and III interferons, SARS-CoV-2 blockade in dual infections could be partly prevented. Altogether, these data suggested that SARS-CoV-2 interaction with seasonal respiratory viruses would be modulated by interferon induction and could impact SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology when circulation of other respiratory viruses is restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Essaidi-Laziosi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catia Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olha Puhach
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Sattonnet-Roche
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Torriani
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Tapparel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Kaiser
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Eckerle
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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79
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Zhang Y, Jiang N, Qi W, Li T, Zhang Y, Wu J, Zhang H, Zhou M, Cui P, Yu T, Fu Z, Zhou Y, Lin K, Wang H, Wei T, Zhu Z, Ai J, Qiu C, Zhang W. SARS-CoV-2 intra-host single-nucleotide variants associated with disease severity. Virus Evol 2022; 8:veac106. [PMID: 36505092 PMCID: PMC9728387 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veac106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 frequently arise within infected individuals. Here, we explored the level and pattern of intra-host viral diversity in association with disease severity. Then, we analyzed information underlying these nucleotide changes to infer the impetus including mutational signatures and immune selection from neutralizing antibody or T-cell recognition. From 23 January to 31 March 2020, a set of cross-sectional samples were collected from individuals with homogeneous founder virus regardless of disease severity. Intra-host single-nucleotide variants (iSNVs) were enumerated using deep sequencing. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were genotyped by Sanger sequencing. Medical records were collected and reviewed by attending physicians. A total of 836 iSNVs (3-106 per sample) were identified and distributed in a highly individualized pattern. The number of iSNVs paced with infection duration peaked within days and declined thereafter. These iSNVs did not stochastically arise due to a strong bias toward C > U/G > A and U > C/A > G substitutions in reciprocal proportion with escalating disease severity. Eight nonsynonymous iSNVs in the receptor-binding domain could escape from neutralization, and eighteen iSNVs were significantly associated with specific HLA alleles. The level and pattern of iSNVs reflect the in vivo viral-host interaction and the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Haocheng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mingzhe Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhangfan Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tongqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Chao Qiu
- *Corresponding authors: E-mail: ; ; ;
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80
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Defective activation and regulation of type I interferon immunity is associated with increasing COVID-19 severity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7254. [PMID: 36434007 PMCID: PMC9700809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Host immunity to infection with SARS-CoV-2 is highly variable, dictating diverse clinical outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe disease and death. We previously reported reduced type I interferon in severe COVID-19 patients preceded clinical worsening. Further studies identified genetic mutations in loci of the TLR3- or TLR7-dependent interferon-I pathways, or neutralizing interferon-I autoantibodies as risk factors for development of COVID-19 pneumonia. Here we show in patient cohorts with different severities of COVID-19, that baseline plasma interferon α measures differ according to the immunoassay used, timing of sampling, the interferon α subtype measured, and the presence of autoantibodies. We also show a consistently reduced induction of interferon-I proteins in hospitalized COVID-19 patients upon immune stimulation, that is not associated with detectable neutralizing autoantibodies against interferon α or interferon ω. Intracellular proteomic analysis shows increased monocyte numbers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients but impaired interferon-I response after stimulation. We confirm this by ex vivo whole blood stimulation with interferon-I which induces transcriptomic responses associated with inflammation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, that is not seen in controls or non-hospitalized moderate cases. These results may explain the dichotomy of the poor clinical response to interferon-I based treatments in late stage COVID-19, despite the importance of interferon-I in early acute infection and may guide alternative therapeutic strategies.
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81
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Tsai M, Osman W, Adair J, ElMergawy R, Chafin L, Johns F, Farkas D, Elhance A, Londino J, Mallampalli RK. The E3 ligase subunit FBXO45 binds the interferon-λ receptor and promotes its degradation during influenza virus infection. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102698. [PMID: 36379255 PMCID: PMC9747586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains a major public health challenge, as the viral infection activates multiple biological networks linked to altered host innate immunity. Following infection, IFN-λ, a ligand crucial for the resolution of viral infections, is known to bind to its cognate receptor, IFNLR1, in lung epithelia. However, little is known regarding the molecular expression and regulation of IFNLR1. Here, we show that IFNLR1 is a labile protein in human airway epithelia that is rapidly degraded after influenza infection. Using an unbiased proximal ligation biotin screen, we first identified that the Skp-Cullin-F box E3 ligase subunit, FBXO45, binds to IFNLR1. We demonstrate that FBXO45, induced in response to influenza infection, mediates IFNLR1 protein polyubiquitination and degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system by docking with its intracellular receptor domain. Furthermore, we found ectopically expressed FBXO45 and its silencing in cells differentially regulated both IFNLR1 protein stability and interferon-stimulated gene expression. Mutagenesis studies also indicated that expression of a K319R/K320R IFNLR1 variant in cells exhibited reduced polyubiquitination, yet greater stability and proteolytic resistance to FBXO45 and influenza-mediated receptor degradation. These results indicate that the IFN-λ-IFNLR1 receptor axis is tightly regulated by the Skp-Cullin-F box ubiquitin machinery, a pathway that may be exploited by influenza infection as a means to limit antiviral responses.
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82
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Milton-Laskibar I, Trepiana J, Macarulla MT, Gómez-Zorita S, Arellano-García L, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP. Potential usefulness of Mediterranean diet polyphenols against COVID-19-induced inflammation: a review of the current knowledge. J Physiol Biochem 2022:10.1007/s13105-022-00926-0. [PMID: 36346507 PMCID: PMC9641689 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a dietary pattern typical of the populations living in the Mediterranean basin during the 50s-60s of the last century. This diet has demonstrated beneficial effects in the prevention of several pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, or several cancer types, at least in part, due to its antioxidant compounds. Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, different authors have been studying the effects of certain dietary habits on the presence of COVID-19 and its severity, and the Mediterranean diet is one of them. This review gathers data from studies supporting the potential usefulness of the main phenolic compounds present in the Mediterranean diet, based on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as preventive/therapeutic agents against COVID-19. The current evidence supports the potential benefits that hydroxytyrosol, resveratrol, flavonols such as quercetin, flavanols like catechins, and flavanones on the order of naringenin could have on COVID-19. This is due to the increase in the synthesis and translocations of Nrf-2, which increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and thus reduces ROS production, the scavenging of free radicals, and the suppression of the activity of MMP-9, which is involved in the cytokine storm, and the inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA- Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Spanish National Research Council, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain ,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Teresa Macarulla
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Laura Arellano-García
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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83
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Wang Y, Guga S, Wu K, Khaw Z, Tzoumkas K, Tombleson P, Comeau ME, Langefeld CD, Cunninghame Graham DS, Morris DL, Vyse TJ. COVID-19 and systemic lupus erythematosus genetics: A balance between autoimmune disease risk and protection against infection. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010253. [PMID: 36327221 PMCID: PMC9632821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association studies show there is a genetic component to severe COVID-19. We find evidence that the genome-wide genetic association signal with severe COVID-19 is correlated with that of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), having formally tested this using genetic correlation analysis by LD score regression. To identify the shared associated loci and gain insight into the shared genetic effects, using summary level data we performed meta-analyses, a local genetic correlation analysis and fine-mapping using stepwise regression and functional annotation. This identified multiple loci shared between the two traits, some of which exert opposing effects. The locus with most evidence of shared association is TYK2, a gene critical to the type I interferon pathway, where the local genetic correlation is negative. Another shared locus is CLEC1A, where the direction of effects is aligned, that encodes a lectin involved in cell signaling, and the anti-fungal immune response. Our analyses suggest that several loci with reciprocal effects between the two traits have a role in the defense response pathway, adding to the evidence that SLE risk alleles are protective against infection. We observed a correlation between the genetic associations with severe COVID-19 and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, Lupus), and aimed to discover which genetic loci were shared by these diseases and what biological processes were involved. This resulted in the discovery of several genetic loci, some of which had alleles that were risk for both diseases and some of which were risk for severe COVID-19 yet protective for SLE. The locus with most evidence of shared association (TYK2) is involved in interferon production, a process that is important in response to viral infection and known to be dysregulated in SLE patients. Other shared associated loci contained genes also involved in the defense response and the immune system signaling. These results add to the growing evidence that there are alleles in the human genome that provide protection against viral infection yet are risk for autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suri Guga
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Khaw
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Tzoumkas
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Tombleson
- NIHR GSTFT/KCL Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary E. Comeau
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science and Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science and Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - David L. Morris
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Timothy J. Vyse
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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84
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Protects Bystander Cells against Influenza A Virus Infection by Triggering Secretion of Type I and Type III Interferons. J Virol 2022; 96:e0134122. [DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01341-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are common recurrent respiratory infectants that show a relatively high coincidence. We demonstrated that preinfection with RSV partitions the cell population into a subpopulation susceptible to subsequent infection with IAV and an IAV-proof subpopulation.
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85
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induces Interferon-β Production to Promote Intracellular Survival. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0155022. [PMID: 36190409 PMCID: PMC9603546 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01550-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is known as one kind of extracellular pathogens. However, more evidence showed that PA encounters the intracellular environment in different mammalian cell types. Little is known of innate immune factors modulating intracellular PA survival. In the present study, we proposed that interferon-β (IFN-β) is beneficial to the survival of PA in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Furthermore, we found that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induced by PA suppresses IFN-β response driven by the cGAS-STING-TBK1 pathway. Mechanistically, IL-1β decreased the production of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) by activating AKT kinase. cGAMP is necessarily sufficient to stimulate the transcription of IFN-β via the STING adaptor-TBK1 kinase-IRF3 transcription factor axis. Thus, our findings uncovered a novel module for PA intracellular survival involving IFN-β production restricted by IL-1β and provided a strong rationale for a potential clinical strategy against pulmonary PA infection patients. IMPORTANCE The link between innate immunity and intracellular Pseudomonas aeruginosa is unclear. Our studies illuminated the role of interferon-β (IFN-β) in remote intracellular PA infection. Furthermore, our experimental evidence also indicated that IL-1β is a negative regulator of IFN-β production and, in particular, P. aeruginosa infection. The inhibition of IFN-β may be used as a potential therapeutic method against pulmonary PA infection.
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86
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Hoang TN, Viox EG, Upadhyay AA, Strongin Z, Tharp GK, Pino M, Nchioua R, Hirschenberger M, Gagne M, Nguyen K, Harper JL, Marciano S, Boddapati AK, Pellegrini KL, Tisoncik-Go J, Whitmore LS, Karunakaran KA, Roy M, Kirejczyk S, Curran EH, Wallace C, Wood JS, Connor-Stroud F, Kasturi SP, Levit RD, Gale M, Vanderford TH, Silvestri G, Busman-Sahay K, Estes JD, Vaccari M, Douek DC, Sparrer KM, Kirchhoff F, Johnson RP, Schreiber G, Bosinger SE, Paiardini M. Modulation of type I interferon responses potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in rhesus macaques. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.10.21.512606. [PMID: 36324810 PMCID: PMC9628196 DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.21.512606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Type-I interferons (IFN-I) are critical mediators of innate control of viral infections, but also drive recruitment of inflammatory cells to sites of infection, a key feature of severe COVID-19. Here, and for the first time, IFN-I signaling was modulated in rhesus macaques (RMs) prior to and during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection using a mutated IFNα2 (IFN-modulator; IFNmod), which has previously been shown to reduce the binding and signaling of endogenous IFN-I. In SARS-CoV-2-infected RMs, IFNmod reduced both antiviral and inflammatory ISGs. Notably, IFNmod treatment resulted in a potent reduction in (i) SARS-CoV-2 viral load in Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), upper airways, lung, and hilar lymph nodes; (ii) inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and CD163+MRC1-inflammatory macrophages in BAL; and (iii) expression of Siglec-1, which enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection and predicts disease severity, on circulating monocytes. In the lung, IFNmod also reduced pathogenesis and attenuated pathways of inflammasome activation and stress response during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study, using an intervention targeting both IFN-α and IFN-β pathways, shows that excessive inflammation driven by type 1 IFN critically contributes to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in RMs, and demonstrates the potential of IFNmod to limit viral replication, SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammation, and COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N. Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Elise G. Viox
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Amit A. Upadhyay
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Zachary Strongin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Gregory K. Tharp
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Rayhane Nchioua
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Matthew Gagne
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Nguyen
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Justin L. Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shir Marciano
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Arun K. Boddapati
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Pellegrini
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jennifer Tisoncik-Go
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, and the Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Leanne S. Whitmore
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, and the Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kirti A. Karunakaran
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Melissa Roy
- Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shannon Kirejczyk
- Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Elizabeth H. Curran
- Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Chelsea Wallace
- Division of Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Fawn Connor-Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Sudhir P. Kasturi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Levit
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, and the Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Thomas H. Vanderford
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jacob D. Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - R. Paul Johnson
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Emory NPRC Genomics Core Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Correspondence to: (M.P; Lead Contact); (S.E.B.)
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Division of Pathology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Correspondence to: (M.P; Lead Contact); (S.E.B.)
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87
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Shen S, Gong M, Wang G, Dua K, Xu J, Xu X, Liu G. COVID-19 and Gut Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204409. [PMID: 36297092 PMCID: PMC9608818 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently a pandemic and it has led to more than 620 million patients with 6.56 million deaths globally. Males are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection and associated with a higher chance to develop severe COVID-19 than females. Aged people are at a high risk of COVID-19 infection, while young children have also increased cases. COVID-19 patients typically develop respiratory system pathologies, however symptoms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are also very common. Inflammatory cell recruitments and their secreted cytokines are found in the GI tract in COVID-19 patients. Microbiota changes are the key feature in COVID-19 patients with gut injury. Here, we review all current known mechanisms of COVID-19-induced gut injury, and the most acceptable one is that SARS-CoV-2 binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells in the GI tract. Interestingly, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder, but the patients with IBD do not have the increased risk to develop COVID-19. There is currently no cure for COVID-19, but anti-viruses and monoclonal antibodies reduce viral load and shorten the recovery time of the disease. We summarize current therapeutics that target symptoms in the GI tract, including probiotics, ACE2 inhibitors and nutrients. These are promising therapeutic options for COVID-19-induced gut injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sj Shen
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Muxue Gong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medicine College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jincheng Xu
- Stomatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- School of Dental Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Correspondence:
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88
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Liu G, Gack MU. Insights into pandemic respiratory viruses: manipulation of the antiviral interferon response by SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 78:102252. [PMID: 36215931 PMCID: PMC9472579 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic one year after the centennial of the 1918 influenza pandemic reaffirms the catastrophic impact respiratory viruses can have on global health and economy. A key feature of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A viruses (IAV) is their remarkable ability to suppress or dysregulate human immune responses. Here, we summarize the growing knowledge about the interplay of SARS-CoV-2 and antiviral innate immunity, with an emphasis on the regulation of type-I or -III interferon responses that are critically implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Furthermore, we draw parallels to IAV infection and discuss shared innate immune sensing mechanisms and the respective viral countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuanQun Liu
- Cleveland Clinic Florida Research and Innovation Center, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Michaela U Gack
- Cleveland Clinic Florida Research and Innovation Center, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA.
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89
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da Silva SJR, do Nascimento JCF, Germano Mendes RP, Guarines KM, Targino Alves da Silva C, da Silva PG, de Magalhães JJF, Vigar JRJ, Silva-Júnior A, Kohl A, Pardee K, Pena L. Two Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1758-1814. [PMID: 35940589 PMCID: PMC9380879 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and virulent human-infecting coronavirus that emerged in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, causing a respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has massively impacted global public health and caused widespread disruption to daily life. The crisis caused by COVID-19 has mobilized scientists and public health authorities across the world to rapidly improve our knowledge about this devastating disease, shedding light on its management and control, and spawned the development of new countermeasures. Here we provide an overview of the state of the art of knowledge gained in the last 2 years about the virus and COVID-19, including its origin and natural reservoir hosts, viral etiology, epidemiology, modes of transmission, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, emerging variants, and vaccines, highlighting important differences from previously known highly pathogenic coronaviruses. We also discuss selected key discoveries from each topic and underline the gaps of knowledge for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severino Jefferson Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jessica Catarine Frutuoso do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Renata Pessôa Germano Mendes
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Klarissa Miranda Guarines
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caroline Targino Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Poliana Gomes da Silva
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jurandy Júnior Ferraz de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Department of Virology, Pernambuco State Central Laboratory (LACEN/PE), 52171-011 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,University of Pernambuco (UPE), Serra Talhada Campus, 56909-335 Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Public Health Laboratory of the XI Regional Health, 56912-160 Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Justin R J Vigar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Abelardo Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), 57072-900 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Alain Kohl
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Pardee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Lindomar Pena
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapy (LAVITE), Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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90
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Voloudakis G, Vicari JM, Venkatesh S, Hoffman GE, Dobrindt K, Zhang W, Beckmann ND, Higgins CA, Argyriou S, Jiang S, Hoagland D, Gao L, Corvelo A, Cho K, Lee KM, Bian J, Lee JS, Iyengar SK, Luoh SW, Akbarian S, Striker R, Assimes TL, Schadt EE, Lynch JA, Merad M, tenOever BR, Charney AW, Brennand KJ, Fullard JF, Roussos P. A translational genomics approach identifies IL10RB as the top candidate gene target for COVID-19 susceptibility. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:52. [PMID: 36064543 PMCID: PMC9441828 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts have identified genetic loci that are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection rates and disease outcome severity. Translating these genetic findings into druggable genes that reduce COVID-19 host susceptibility is a critical next step. Using a translational genomics approach that integrates COVID-19 genetic susceptibility variants, multi-tissue genetically regulated gene expression (GReX), and perturbagen signatures, we identified IL10RB as the top candidate gene target for COVID-19 host susceptibility. In a series of validation steps, we show that predicted GReX upregulation of IL10RB and higher IL10RB expression in COVID-19 patient blood is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes and that in vitro IL10RB overexpression is associated with increased viral load and activation of disease-relevant molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Voloudakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - James M Vicari
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanan Venkatesh
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel E Hoffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristina Dobrindt
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina A Higgins
- Department of Microbiology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stathis Argyriou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daisy Hoagland
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Virus Engineering Center for Therapeutics and Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Biostatistics Shared Resources, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Kelly Cho
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jiantao Bian
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jennifer S Lee
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sudha K Iyengar
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shiuh-Wen Luoh
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Striker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Julie A Lynch
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Virus Engineering Center for Therapeutics and Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John F Fullard
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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91
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Duodu P, Sosa G, Canar J, Chhugani O, Gamero AM. Exposing the Two Contrasting Faces of STAT2 in Inflammation. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:467-481. [PMID: 35877097 PMCID: PMC9527059 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural immune defense mechanism of the body's response to injury, infection, and other damaging triggers. Uncontrolled inflammation may become chronic and contribute to a range of chronic inflammatory diseases. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) is an essential transcription factor exclusive to type I and type III interferon (IFN) signaling pathways. Both pathways are involved in multiple biological processes, including powering the immune system as a means of controlling infection that must be tightly regulated to offset the development of persistent inflammation. While studies depict STAT2 as protective in promoting host defense, new evidence is accumulating that exposes the deleterious side of STAT2 when inappropriately regulated, thus prompting its reevaluation as a signaling molecule with detrimental effects in human disease. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the findings based on literature regarding the inflammatory behavior of STAT2 in microbial infections, cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. In conveying the extent of our knowledge of STAT2 as a proinflammatory mediator, the aim of this review is to stimulate further investigations into the role of STAT2 in diseases characterized by deregulated inflammation and the mechanisms responsible for triggering severe responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Duodu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Geohaira Sosa
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jorge Canar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olivia Chhugani
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ana M. Gamero
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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92
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Type III and Not Type I Interferons Efficiently Prevent the Spread of Rotavirus in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells. J Virol 2022; 96:e0070622. [PMID: 36000839 PMCID: PMC9472630 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00706-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus infects intestinal epithelial cells and is the leading cause of gastroenteritis in infants worldwide. Upon viral infection, intestinal cells produce type I and type III interferons (IFNs) to alert the tissue and promote an antiviral state. These two types of IFN bind to different receptors but induce similar pathways that stimulate the activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to combat viral infection. In this work, we studied the spread of a fluorescent wild-type (WT) SA11 rotavirus in human colorectal cancer cells lacking specific interferon receptors and compared it to that of an NSP1 mutant rotavirus that cannot interfere with the host intrinsic innate immune response. We could show that the WT rotavirus efficiently blocks the production of type I IFNs but that type III IFNs are still produced, whereas the NSP1 mutant rotavirus allows the production of both. Interestingly, while both exogenously added type I and type III IFNs could efficiently protect cells against rotavirus infection, endogenous type III IFNs were found to be key to limit infection of human intestinal cells by rotavirus. By using a fluorescent reporter cell line to highlight the cells mounting an antiviral program, we could show that paracrine signaling driven by type III IFNs efficiently controls the spread of both WT and NSP1 mutant rotavirus. Our results strongly suggest that NSP1 efficiently blocks the type I IFN-mediated antiviral response; however, its restriction of the type III IFN-mediated one is not sufficient to prevent type III IFNs from partially inhibiting viral spread in intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, our findings further highlight the importance of type III IFNs in controlling rotavirus infection, which could be exploited as antiviral therapeutic measures. IMPORTANCE Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis worldwide. In developing countries, rotavirus infections lead to more than 200,000 deaths in infants and children. The intestinal epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract combat rotavirus infection by two key antiviral compounds known as type I and III interferons. However, rotavirus has developed countermeasures to block the antiviral actions of the interferons. In this work, we evaluated the arms race between rotavirus and type I and III interferons. We determined that although rotavirus could block the induction of type I interferons, it was unable to block type III interferons. The ability of infected cells to produce and release type III interferons leads to the protection of the noninfected neighboring cells and the clearance of rotavirus infection from the epithelium. This suggests that type III interferons are key antiviral agents and could be used to help control rotavirus infections in children.
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93
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Si L, Bai H, Oh CY, Jiang A, Hong F, Zhang T, Ye Y, Jordan TX, Logue J, McGrath M, Belgur C, Calderon K, Nurani A, Cao W, Carlson KE, Prantil-Baun R, Gygi SP, Yang D, Jonsson CB, tenOever BR, Frieman M, Ingber DE. Self-assembling short immunostimulatory duplex RNAs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:923-940. [PMID: 36032397 PMCID: PMC9398551 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the need for broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics. Here we describe a new class of self-assembling immunostimulatory short duplex RNAs that potently induce production of type I and type III interferon (IFN-I and IFN-III). These RNAs require a minimum of 20 base pairs, lack any sequence or structural characteristics of known immunostimulatory RNAs, and instead require a unique sequence motif (sense strand, 5'-C; antisense strand, 3'-GGG) that mediates end-to-end dimer self-assembly. The presence of terminal hydroxyl or monophosphate groups, blunt or overhanging ends, or terminal RNA or DNA bases did not affect their ability to induce IFN. Unlike previously described immunostimulatory small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), their activity is independent of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8, but requires the RIG-I/IRF3 pathway that induces a more restricted antiviral response with a lower proinflammatory signature compared with immunostimulant poly(I:C). Immune stimulation mediated by these duplex RNAs results in broad-spectrum inhibition of infections by many respiratory viruses with pandemic potential, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), human coronavirus (HCoV)-NL63, and influenza A virus in cell lines, human lung chips that mimic organ-level lung pathophysiology, and a mouse SARS-CoV-2 infection model. These short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) can be manufactured easily, and thus potentially could be harnessed to produce broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Si
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Haiqing Bai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Crystal Yuri Oh
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fan Hong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yongxin Ye
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Tristan X. Jordan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - James Logue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marisa McGrath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chaitra Belgur
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karina Calderon
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Atiq Nurani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wuji Cao
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Carlson
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven P. Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dong Yang
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Benjamin R. tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew Frieman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Donald E. Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Corresponding author Donald E. Ingber, MD, PhD, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, CLSB5, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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94
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Karlowitz R, Stanifer ML, Roedig J, Andrieux G, Bojkova D, Bechtel M, Smith S, Kowald L, Schubert R, Boerries M, Cinatl J, Boulant S, van Wijk SJL. USP22 controls type III interferon signaling and SARS-CoV-2 infection through activation of STING. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:684. [PMID: 35933402 PMCID: PMC9357023 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05124-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and interferons (IFNs) serve as essential antiviral defense against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Type III IFNs (IFN-λ) exhibit cell-type specific and long-lasting functions in auto-inflammation, tumorigenesis, and antiviral defense. Here, we identify the deubiquitinating enzyme USP22 as central regulator of basal IFN-λ secretion and SARS-CoV-2 infections in human intestinal epithelial cells (hIECs). USP22-deficient hIECs strongly upregulate genes involved in IFN signaling and viral defense, including numerous IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), with increased secretion of IFN-λ and enhanced STAT1 signaling, even in the absence of exogenous IFNs or viral infection. Interestingly, USP22 controls basal and 2'3'-cGAMP-induced STING activation and loss of STING reversed STAT activation and ISG and IFN-λ expression. Intriguingly, USP22-deficient hIECs are protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection, viral replication, and the formation of de novo infectious particles, in a STING-dependent manner. These findings reveal USP22 as central host regulator of STING and type III IFN signaling, with important implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection and antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Karlowitz
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Megan L. Stanifer
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Infectious Diseases/Molecular Virology, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Jens Roedig
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- grid.5963.9Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Denisa Bojkova
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Bechtel
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sonja Smith
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa Kowald
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- grid.5963.9Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), partner site Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Steeve Boulant
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL USA ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J. L. van Wijk
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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95
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated invasive fungal infections are an important complication in a substantial number of critically ill, hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Three groups of fungal pathogens cause co-infections in COVID-19: Aspergillus, Mucorales and Candida species, including Candida auris. Here we review the incidence of COVID-19-associated invasive fungal infections caused by these fungi in low-, middle- and high-income countries. By evaluating the epidemiology, clinical risk factors, predisposing features of the host environment and immunological mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of these co-infections, we set the scene for future research and development of clinical guidance. Hoenigl and colleagues review the epidemiology, immunology and clinical risk factors contributing to COVID-19-associated fungal infections.
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96
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Tran VTA, Lee LP, Cho H. Neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration via microbial infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907804. [PMID: 36052093 PMCID: PMC9425114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies show a noticeable correlation between chronic microbial infections and neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear due to the biological complexity of multicellular and multiorgan interactions upon microbial infections. In this review, we show the infection leading to neurodegeneration mediated by multiorgan interconnections and neuroinflammation. Firstly, we highlight three inter-organ communications as possible routes from infection sites to the brain: nose-brain axis, lung-brain axis, and gut-brain axis. Next, we described the biological crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes upon pathogenic infection. Finally, our study indicates how neuroinflammation is a critical player in pathogen-mediated neurodegeneration. Taken together, we envision that antibiotics targeting neuro-pathogens could be a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Ai Tran
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
| | - Hansang Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
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97
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Van der Sluis RM, Holm CK, Jakobsen MR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells during COVID-19: Ally or adversary? Cell Rep 2022; 40:111148. [PMID: 35858624 PMCID: PMC9279298 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized cells of the immune system that are thought to be the main cellular source of type I interferon alpha (IFNα) in response to viral infections. IFNs are powerful antivirals, whereas defects in their function or induction lead to impaired resistance to virus infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. IFN production needs to be controlled, because sustained IFN production can also have detrimental effects on disease outcome. As such, pDCs are likely important for acute antiviral protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection but could potentially also contribute to chronic IFN levels. Here, we provide a historical overview of pDC biology and summarize existing literature addressing their involvement and importance during viral infections of the airways. Furthermore, we outline recent reports focused on the potential role of pDCs during SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the potential for this cellular subset to impact COVID-19 disease outcome.
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98
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Ogletree ML, Chander Chiang K, Kulshrestha R, Agarwal A, Agarwal A, Gupta A. Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress With Ramatroban, a Thromboxane A2 and Prostaglandin D2 Receptor Antagonist: A Four-Patient Case Series Report. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:904020. [PMID: 35935851 PMCID: PMC9355466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.904020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxemia in COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and mortality. COVID-19 patients exhibit marked increases in fatty acid levels and inflammatory lipid mediators, predominantly arachidonic acid metabolites, notably thromboxane B2 >> prostaglandin E2 > prostaglandin D2. Thromboxane A2 increases pulmonary capillary pressure and microvascular permeability, leading to pulmonary edema, and causes bronchoconstriction contributing to ventilation/perfusion mismatch. Prostaglandin D2-stimulated IL-13 production is associated with respiratory failure, possibly due to hyaluronan accumulation in the lungs. Ramatroban is an orally bioavailable, dual thromboxane A2/TP and prostaglandin D2/DP2 receptor antagonist used in Japan for allergic rhinitis. Four consecutive outpatients with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with ramatroban exhibited rapid relief of dyspnea and hypoxemia within 12–36 h and complete resolution over 5 days, thereby avoiding hospitalization. Therefore, ramatroban as an antivasospastic, broncho-relaxant, antithrombotic, and immunomodulatory agent merits study in randomized clinical trials that might offer hope for a cost-effective pandemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin L. Ogletree
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Martin L. Ogletree, ; Ajay Gupta,
| | | | | | - Aditya Agarwal
- Charak Foundation of India, Indore, India
- EyeSight Eye Hospital and Retina Centre, Indore, India
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Charak Foundation of India, Indore, India
- EyeSight Eye Hospital and Retina Centre, Indore, India
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Charak Foundation, Orange, CA, United States
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Martin L. Ogletree, ; Ajay Gupta,
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99
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Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, first notified in China, has spread around the world causing high morbidity and mortality, which is due to factors such as the subversion of the immune response. The aims of the study are to summarise and present the immunopathological relationship of COVID-19 with innate immunity. This is a systematic review conducted by the National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health, USA (PUBMED), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) databases with clinical trials, in vitro assays, case-controls, cohort studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses between February 2020 and July 2021. The version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs (RoB 2), Joana Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal (for the review articles) and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools were used to evaluate the quality and the risk of bias of the studies included in this review. The innate immune response through the generation of interferons, alternative pathways and complement system lectins and the joint action of innate immune cells and cytokines and chemokines lead to different clinical outcomes, taking into account the exacerbated inflammatory response and pathogenesis. Then, in addition to interacting as a bridge for adaptive immunity, the innate immune response plays an essential role in primary defense and is one of the starting points for immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2.
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100
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Habeichi NJ, Tannous C, Yabluchanskiy A, Altara R, Mericskay M, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Insights into the modulation of the interferon response and NAD + in the context of COVID-19. Int Rev Immunol 2022; 41:464-474. [PMID: 34378474 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1961768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in dramatic worldwide mortality. Along with developing vaccines, the medical profession is exploring new strategies to curb this pandemic. A better understanding of the molecular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 cellular infection could lead to more effective and safer treatments. This review discusses the potential underlying impact of SARS-CoV-2 in modulating interferon (IFN) secretion and in causing mitochondrial NAD+ depletion that could be directly linked to COVID-19's deadly manifestations. What is known or surmised about an imbalanced innate immune response and mitochondrial dysfunction post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the potential benefits of well-timed IFN treatments and NAD+ boosting therapies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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