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Huang M, Long Y, Jin Y, Ya W, Meng D, Qin T, Su L, Zhou W, Wu J, Huang C, Huang Q. Comprehensive analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for bladder cancer. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1286-1301. [PMID: 33850763 PMCID: PMC8039630 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulators for various human cancers. However, these lncRNAs need to be further classified for cancer. In the present study, we identified novel competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network for bladder cancer (BC) and explored the gene functions of the ceRNA regulatory network. Methods Differential gene expression analysis were performed on The Cancer Genome Atlas Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma (TCGA-BLCA) datasets to identify differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs), lncRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs). Based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis, a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed using the StarBase database and visualization by Cytoscape software. Functional enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were performed via R package ClusterProfiler. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by STRING database and visualization by Cytoscape. Finally, we used CIBERSORT and the TIMER database to analyze the immune infiltrations for BC. Results The regulatory network was constructed via TCGA BLCA cohort. The differential expressions of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA were 186, 200, and 2,661, respectively. There were 106 lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA included in the ceRNA network. In this network, Calcium Voltage-gated Channel Auxiliary Subunit Alpha2delta1 (CACNA2D1, P<0.001), domain containing engulfment adaptor1 (GULP1, P=0.001), latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1 (LTBP1, P=0.006), myosin light chain kinase (MYLK, P=0.001), serpin family E member 2 (SERPINE2, P=0.002), spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2, P=0.047), and hsa-miR-590-3p (P<0.001) significantly affected the prognosis of BC patients. Functional enrichment analyses showed that the biological functions included negative regulation of protein phosphorylation, cell morphogenesis, and sensory organ morphogenesis. Important cancer pathways of KEGG included parathyroid hormone synthesis secretion action, the notch signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the Rap1 signaling pathway, signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells, and the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. Our findings demonstrated that the ceRNA network has important biological functions and a significant influence on the prognosis of BC. Conclusions The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network constructed in the present study could provide useful insight into the underlying tumorigenesis of BC, and can determine new molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis and therapeutical treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yuzhu Jin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Wentong Ya
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dongdong Meng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Tianzi Qin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Lize Su
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jichao Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Chunhe Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Adonin L, Drozdov A, Barlev NA. Sea Urchin as a Universal Model for Studies of Gene Networks. Front Genet 2021; 11:627259. [PMID: 33552139 PMCID: PMC7854572 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.627259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus has been used for over 150 years as a model organism in developmental biology. Using this model species, scientists have been able to describe, in detail, the mechanisms of cell cycle control and cell adhesion, fertilization, calcium signaling, cell differentiation, and death. Massive parallel sequencing of the sea urchin genome enabled the deciphering of the main components of gene regulatory networks during the activation of embryonic signaling pathways. This knowledge helped to extrapolate aberrations in somatic cells that may lead to diseases, including cancer in humans. Furthermore, since many, if not all, developmental signaling pathways were shown to be controlled by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), the sea urchin organism represents an attractive experimental model. In this review, we discuss the main discoveries in the genetics, genomics, and transcriptomics of sea urchins during embryogenesis with the main focus on the role of ncRNAs. This information may be useful for comparative studies between different organisms, and may help identify new regulatory networks controlled by ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Adonin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoliy Drozdov
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Nickolai A Barlev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Kumar S, Nandi A, Singh S, Regulapati R, Li N, Tobias JW, Siebel CW, Blanco MA, Klein-Szanto AJ, Lengner C, Welm AL, Kang Y, Chakrabarti R. Dll1 + quiescent tumor stem cells drive chemoresistance in breast cancer through NF-κB survival pathway. Nat Commun 2021; 12:432. [PMID: 33462238 PMCID: PMC7813834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20664-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of chemoresistance in breast cancer patients greatly increases mortality. Thus, understanding mechanisms underlying breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy is of paramount importance to overcome this clinical challenge. Although activated Notch receptors have been associated with chemoresistance in cancer, the specific Notch ligands and their molecular mechanisms leading to chemoresistance in breast cancer remain elusive. Using conditional knockout and reporter mouse models, we demonstrate that tumor cells expressing the Notch ligand Dll1 is important for tumor growth and metastasis and bear similarities to tumor-initiating cancer cells (TICs) in breast cancer. RNA-seq and ATAC-seq using reporter models and patient data demonstrated that NF-κB activation is downstream of Dll1 and is associated with a chemoresistant phenotype. Finally, pharmacological blocking of Dll1 or NF-κB pathway completely sensitizes Dll1+ tumors to chemotherapy, highlighting therapeutic avenues for chemotherapy resistant breast cancer patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ajeya Nandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Snahlata Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rohan Regulapati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John W Tobias
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Mario Andres Blanco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Christopher Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Rumela Chakrabarti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Jia H, Wang Z, Zhang J, Feng F. γ-Secretase inhibitors for breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma: From mechanism to treatment. Life Sci 2021; 268:119007. [PMID: 33428878 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The γ-secretase complex is a key hydrolase for many type 1 transmembrane proteins. It is very important for activation of the Notch receptor and regulation of target-gene transcription. Abnormal activation and expression of the Notch pathway are closely related to the occurrence and development of many tumor types, including breast cancer and liver cancer. In this review, we elaborated on the basic situation of γ-secretase complex and the biological function and role of γ-secretase in APP and Notch signal pathway are described in detail. Subsequently, all currently known γ-secretase inhibitors and γ-secretase modulators are listed and their mechanism of action, value of IC50, chemical structure and current research stage are summarized. Next, the selection presented the treatment progress of γ-secretase inhibitors in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in the past five years. Finally, the mechanism of action of γ-secretase-mediated breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma and the advantages and disadvantages of γ-secretase inhibitors are discussed, and the concept of further research is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City 110840, Liaoning Province, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110006, PR China
| | - Zuojun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City 110840, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City 110840, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Fan Feng
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, PR China.
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Orzechowska M, Anusewicz D, Bednarek AK. Functional Gene Expression Differentiation of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Female Reproductive Tract Tissues-A Comprehensive Review With Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:592616. [PMID: 33384996 PMCID: PMC7770115 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.592616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway involves evolutionarily conserved signaling regulating the development of the female tract organs such as breast, ovary, cervix, and uterine endometrium. A great number of studies revealed Notch aberrancies in association with their carcinogenesis and disease progression, the management of which is still challenging. The present study is a comprehensive review of the available literature on Notch signaling during the normal development and carcinogenesis of the female tract organs. The review has been enriched with our analyses of the TCGA data including breast, cervical, ovarian, and endometrial carcinomas concerning the effects of Notch signaling at two levels: the core components and downstream effectors, hence filling the lack of global overview of Notch-driven carcinogenesis and disease progression. Phenotype heterogeneity regarding Notch signaling was projected in two uniform manifold approximation and projection algorithm dimensions, preceded by the principal component analysis step reducing the data burden. Additionally, overall and disease-free survival analyses were performed with the optimal cutpoint determination by Evaluate Cutpoints software to establish the character of particular Notch components in tumorigenesis. In addition to the review, we demonstrated separate models of the examined cancers of the Notch pathway and its targets, although expression profiles of all normal tissues were much more similar to each other than to its cancerous compartments. Such Notch-driven cancerous differentiation resulted in a case of opposite association with DFS and OS. As a consequence, target genes also show very distinct profiles including genes associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, energy metabolism, or the EMT. In conclusion, the observed Notch associations with the female tract malignancies resulted from differential expression of target genes. This may influence a future analysis to search for new therapeutic targets based on specific Notch pathway profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Anusewicz
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Papadopoulou AA, Fluhrer R. Signaling Functions of Intramembrane Aspartyl-Proteases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:591787. [PMID: 33381526 PMCID: PMC7768045 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.591787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramembrane proteolysis is more than a mechanism to "clean" the membranes from proteins no longer needed. By non-reversibly modifying transmembrane proteins, intramembrane cleaving proteases hold key roles in multiple signaling pathways and often distinguish physiological from pathological conditions. Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) and signal peptide peptidase-like proteases (SPPLs) recently have been associated with multiple functions in the field of signal transduction. SPP/SPPLs together with presenilins (PSs) are the only two families of intramembrane cleaving aspartyl proteases known in mammals. PS1 or PS2 comprise the catalytic center of the γ-secretase complex, which is well-studied in the context of Alzheimer's disease. The mammalian SPP/SPPL family of intramembrane cleaving proteases consists of five members: SPP and its homologous proteins SPPL2a, SPPL2b, SPPL2c, and SPPL3. Although these proteases were discovered due to their homology to PSs, it became evident in the past two decades that no physiological functions are shared between these two families. Based on studies in cell culture models various substrates of SPP/SPPL proteases have been identified in the past years and recently-developed mouse lines lacking individual members of this protease family, will help to further clarify the physiological functions of these proteases. In this review we concentrate on signaling roles of mammalian intramembrane cleaving aspartyl proteases. In particular, we will highlight the signaling roles of PS via its substrates NOTCH, VEGF, and others, mainly focusing on its involvement in vasculature. Delineating also signaling pathways that are affected and/or controlled by SPP/SPPL proteases. From SPP's participation in tumor progression and survival, to SPPL3's regulation of protein glycosylation and SPPL2c's control over cellular calcium stores, various crossovers between proteolytic activity of intramembrane proteases and cell signaling will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alkmini A. Papadopoulou
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Regina Fluhrer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
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Abd El-Rhman RH, El-Naga RN, Gad AM, Tadros MG, Hassaneen SK. Dibenzazepine Attenuates Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Involvement of NOTCH Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:567852. [PMID: 33381027 PMCID: PMC7768080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.567852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the standard anti-cancer agents that are used to treat variety of solid tumors. Nevertheless, due to the accumulation of cisplatin in the renal epithelial cells, nephrotoxicity was found to be the main side effect that limits its clinical use. The current study was conducted to assess the potential nephroprotective effect of dibenzazepine, a Notch inhibitor, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats as well as the possible mechanisms underlying this nephroprotection. The rats were pre-treated with 2 mg/kg dibenzazepine for 7 days before giving a single nephrotoxic dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg). Cisplatin induced acute nephrotoxicity, where blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were significantly increased. Besides, lipid peroxidation was markedly elevated and the levels of reduced glutathione and catalase were significantly reduced. Also, the tissue levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators; IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-kB, were significantly increased in the cisplatin group. The pre-treatment with dibenzazepine significantly mitigated the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin, the oxidative stress and inflammatory status as well as decreased caspase-3 expression, as compared to the cisplatin group. Furthermore, the up-regulation of Notch-1 and Hes-1 was found to be involved in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and their expression was significantly reduced by dibenzazepine. The nephroprotective effect of dibenzazepine was further confirmed by the histopathological assessment. Moreover, dibenzazepine pre-treatment of hela and PC3 cells in vitro did not antagonize the cisplatin anti-cancer activity. In conclusion, these findings show that dibenzazepine provides protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Moreover, the up-regulation of the Notch pathway was shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (ED), Giza, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, East Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Jiang J, Zhang J, Fu K, Zhang T. Function and mechanism exploration of zinc finger protein 64 in lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and metastasis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:457-465. [PMID: 33054540 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1825490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to discover the effect of Zinc Finger Protein 64 (ZFP64) and Notch pathway on lung adenocarcinoma cell. ZFP64 expression in cancer tissue and overall survival analysis was identified by TCGA-LUAD. ZFP64 expressions in tumor tissue (n = 30) and adjacent tissue (n = 30), and in human nontumorigenic bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (H23, H1975, H2228, and H2085) were measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). H1975 cell viability, cell cycle progression, and migration after transfection or under Notch inhibitor MK-0752 treatment were detected through MTT assay, flow cytometer, and wound healing assay, respectively. Expressions of notch intracellular domain (NICD) and hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes-1) in H1975 cell were determined by western blot. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (E-Cadherin and Vimentin) expressions were identified through qRT-PCR and western blot. ZFP64 expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissue and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines was higher and related to poor prognosis. After transfection, H1975 cell viability, migration, and expressions of Vimentin, NICD and Hes-1 were upregulated yet cell percentage in G0/G1 phase, E-cadherin expression was downregulated by overexpressed ZFP64. However, Notch inhibitor MK-0752 inhibited the effects of overexpressed ZFP64 on H1975 cell viability, cell cycle, migration, EMT progress, and Notch pathway activation. Overexpressed ZFP64 promoted the development of lung adenocarcinoma cells by activating Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Tiewa Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
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Tao S, Chen Q, Lin C, Dong H. Linc00514 promotes breast cancer metastasis and M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages via Jagged1-mediated notch signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:191. [PMID: 32943090 PMCID: PMC7500027 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor cells are important components of the tumor microenvironment. M2 polarization of TAMs, which is a major actor in breast cancer malignancy and metastasis, can be induced by breast cancer cells. However, the potential mechanisms of the interaction between breast cancer cells and TAMs remain unclear. METHODS The candidate breast cancer-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were analyzed using the GEO database. Functional assays, including MTT assay, Transwell assay, and EdU labeling detection, were performed to investigate the oncogenic role of linc00514 in breast cancer progression. The co-culture and ELISA assays were used to assess the role of linc00514 in macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization. RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assays were applied to determine the mechanism of linc00514 in breast cancer metastasis. Mouse xenograft models, mouse pulmonary metastatic models, and mouse primary tumor models were used to assess the role of linc00514 in M2 macrophage polarization and breast cancer tumorigenicity. RESULTS Linc00514 was highly expressed in clinical breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines. Overexpression of linc00514 promoted the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells and increased xenograft tumor volumes and pulmonary metastatic nodules. Overexpression of linc00514 also increased the percentage of macrophages expressing M2 markers CD206 and CD163. Mechanistically, linc00514 promoted Jagged1 expression in a transcriptional manner by increasing the phosphorylation of a transcription factor STAT3. Subsequently, Jagged1-mediated Notch signaling pathway promoted IL-4 and IL-6 secretions in breast cancer cells and ultimately inducing M2 polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSION Linc00514 plays an important role in regulating breast cancer tumorigenicity and M2 macrophage polarization via Jagged1-mediated Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifeng Tao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Dong
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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Jiang H, Li X, Wang W, Dong H. Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by binding to microRNA-154-3p and activating the notch signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:838. [PMID: 32883233 PMCID: PMC7469338 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) has been found to promote BC cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the microRNA (miR)-101/zinc-finger enhancer binding axis in BC. Herein, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of lncRNA SNHG3 on BC cell proliferation and metastasis with the Notch signaling pathway. METHODS Differentially expressed lncRNA in BC tissues and normal breast tissues was analyzed. SNHG3 si-RNA-1 and SNHG3 si-RNA-2 were constructed to detect the mechanism of SNHG3 interference in BC cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion. Then, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was utilized to verify the binding relation between SNHG3 and miR-154-3p as well as miR-154-3p and Notch2. Moreover, xenograft transplantation was applied to confirm the in vitro experiments. RESULTS Highly expressed SNHG3 was observed in BC tissues. The growth of BC cells in vivo and in vitro was evidently repressed after silencing SNHG3. BC cell invasion and migration were inhibited by silencing SNHG3 in vitro. SNHG3 could act as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-154-3p and upregulate the Notch signaling pathway to promote BC cell development. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway can partly reverse the inhibition of cell activity induced by silencing SNHG3. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that interfered lncRNA SNHG3 promoted BC cell proliferation and metastasis by activating the Notch signaling pathway. This investigation may offer new insight for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Department of Rdaiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Honglin Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
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Espinosa-Sánchez A, Suárez-Martínez E, Sánchez-Díaz L, Carnero A. Therapeutic Targeting of Signaling Pathways Related to Cancer Stemness. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1533. [PMID: 32984007 PMCID: PMC7479251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that the different cells within a tumor, as well as metastasis deriving from it, are originated from a single subpopulation of cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities. These cancer stem cells are supposed to be critical for tumor expansion and metastasis, tumor relapse and resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemo- and radiotherapy. The acquisition of these abilities has been attributed to the activation of alternative pathways, for instance, WNT, NOTCH, SHH, PI3K, Hippo, or NF-κB pathways, that regulate detoxification mechanisms; increase the metabolic rate; induce resistance to apoptotic, autophagic, and senescence pathways; promote the overexpression of drug transporter proteins; and activate specific stem cell transcription factors. The elimination of CSCs is an important goal in cancer therapeutic approaches because it could decrease relapses and metastatic dissemination, which are main causes of mortality in oncology patients. In this work, we discuss the role of these signaling pathways in CSCs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Espinosa-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Suárez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
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Elsherbiny NM, El-Sherbiny M, Zaitone SA. Diallyl trisulfide potentiates chemotherapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in experimentally induced mammary carcinoma: Role of Notch signaling. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153139. [PMID: 32853959 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of breast cancer is remarkably increasing worldwide. Therefore, introduction of new approaches along with improvement of the existing ones in cancer treatment field is of great demand. The present study was designated to investigate the anti-proliferative role of Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) alone or in combination with Doxorubicin (Doxo) in Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC)-bearing mice. ESC was induced in female albino mice as an experimental model for breast cancer. The anti-tumorigenic effect of DATS was mediated by suppression of Notch signaling proteins (Notch 1, JAG 1 and HES 1), attenuation of tumor inflammation (NFκB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and proliferation (cyclin D1, Ki67) and enhancement of apoptosis (caspase 3, p53). DATS and Doxo mono-treatments displayed opposing effect regarding expression of Notch signaling proteins and cyclin D1 gene expression. However, DATS and Doxo co-treatment markedly decreased tumor volume and weight, increased animals' survival rate, and attenuated Doxo-induced tumor inflammation. In parallel, microscopic investigation displayed that ESC tumor tissues from animals treated with DATS and/or DOX showed shrinkage of tumor lesions and wider zones of apoptosis. In conclusion, DATS acts via multiple molecular targets to elicit anti-proliferative activity. Combination of DATS with Doxo -which exhibit different mechanisms of action- might be a potential novel strategy to augment Doxo-antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal M Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Anatomy, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Almaarefa University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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63
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Liubomirski Y, Ben-Baruch A. Notch-Inflammation Networks in Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071576. [PMID: 32605277 PMCID: PMC7407628 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Notch family and chronic inflammation were each separately demonstrated to have prominent malignancy-supporting roles in breast cancer. Recent investigations indicate that bi-directional interactions that exist between these two pathways promote the malignancy phenotype of breast tumor cells and of their tumor microenvironment. In this review article, we demonstrate the importance of Notch-inflammation interplays in malignancy by describing three key networks that act in breast cancer and their impacts on functions that contribute to disease progression: (1) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with myeloid cells that are important players in cancer-related inflammation, focusing mainly on macrophages; (2) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with pro-inflammatory factors, exemplified mainly by Notch interactions with interleukin 6 and its downstream pathways (STAT3); (3) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with typical inflammatory transcription factors, primarily NF-κB. These three networks enhance tumor-promoting functions in different breast tumor subtypes and act in reciprocal manners, whereby Notch family members activate inflammatory elements and vice versa. These characteristics illustrate the fundamental roles played by Notch-inflammation interactions in elevating breast cancer progression and propose that joint targeting of both pathways together may provide more effective and less toxic treatment approaches in this disease.
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64
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Ma Z, Mao C, Jia Y, Fu Y, Kong W. Extracellular matrix dynamics in vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C481-C499. [PMID: 32579472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the adaptive response to various physiological and pathophysiological alterations that are closely related to aging and vascular diseases. Understanding the mechanistic regulation of vascular remodeling may be favorable for discovering potential therapeutic targets and strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM), including matrix proteins and their degradative metalloproteases, serves as the main component of the microenvironment and exhibits dynamic changes during vascular remodeling. This process involves mainly the altered composition of matrix proteins, metalloprotease-mediated degradation, posttranslational modification of ECM proteins, and altered topographical features of the ECM. To date, adequate studies have demonstrated that ECM dynamics also play a critical role in vascular remodeling in various diseases. Here, we review these related studies, summarize how ECM dynamics control vascular remodeling, and further indicate potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the ECM for corresponding vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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65
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Kong D, Hughes CJ, Ford HL. Cellular Plasticity in Breast Cancer Progression and Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:72. [PMID: 32391382 PMCID: PMC7194153 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant disease among women, with the majority of mortality being attributable to metastatic disease. Thus, even with improved early screening and more targeted treatments which may enable better detection and control of early disease progression, metastatic disease remains a significant problem. While targeted therapies exist for breast cancer patients with particular subtypes of the disease (Her2+ and ER/PR+), even in these subtypes the therapies are often not efficacious once the patient's tumor metastasizes. Increases in stemness or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in primary breast cancer cells lead to enhanced plasticity, enabling tumor progression, therapeutic resistance, and distant metastatic spread. Numerous signaling pathways, including MAPK, PI3K, STAT3, Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch, amongst others, play a critical role in maintaining cell plasticity in breast cancer. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate breast cancer cell plasticity is essential for understanding the biology of breast cancer progression and for developing novel and more effective therapeutic strategies for targeting metastatic disease. In this review we summarize relevant literature on mechanisms associated with breast cancer plasticity, tumor progression, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Connor J. Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Heide L. Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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66
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Testa U, Castelli G, Pelosi E. Breast Cancer: A Molecularly Heterogenous Disease Needing Subtype-Specific Treatments. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:E18. [PMID: 32210163 PMCID: PMC7151639 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. There were over two-million new cases in world in 2018. It is the second leading cause of death from cancer in western countries. At the molecular level, breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by high genomic instability evidenced by somatic gene mutations, copy number alterations, and chromosome structural rearrangements. The genomic instability is caused by defects in DNA damage repair, transcription, DNA replication, telomere maintenance and mitotic chromosome segregation. According to molecular features, breast cancers are subdivided in subtypes, according to activation of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor), of human epidermal growth factors receptor 2 (HER2), and or BRCA mutations. In-depth analyses of the molecular features of primary and metastatic breast cancer have shown the great heterogeneity of genetic alterations and their clonal evolution during disease development. These studies have contributed to identify a repertoire of numerous disease-causing genes that are altered through different mutational processes. While early-stage breast cancer is a curable disease in about 70% of patients, advanced breast cancer is largely incurable. However, molecular studies have contributed to develop new therapeutic approaches targeting HER2, CDK4/6, PI3K, or involving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for BRCA mutation carriers and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (E.P.)
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67
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Interaction of Long Noncoding RNAs and Notch Signaling: Implications for Tissue Homeostasis Loss. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1227:107-129. [PMID: 32072502 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36422-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling is a crucial pathway involved in cellular development, progression, and differentiation. Deregulation of Notch signaling pathway commonly impacts tissue homeostasis, being highly associated with proliferative disorders. The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcripts with more than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins, were already described as Notch signaling pathway-interacting molecules. Many of them act as important transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulators, affecting gene expression and targeting other regulatory molecules, such as miRNAs. Due to their strong impact on function and gene expression of Notch-related molecules, lncRNAs influence susceptibility to cancer and other diseases, and can be regarded as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Along this chapter, we summarize the cross talk between the Notch signaling pathway and their most important modulating lncRNAs, as well as the pathological consequences of these interactions, in different tissues.
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68
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Zhang Y, Xie ZY, Guo XT, Xiao XH, Xiong LX. Notch and breast cancer metastasis: Current knowledge, new sights and targeted therapy. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2743-2755. [PMID: 31452752 PMCID: PMC6704289 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer in females and metastasis is one of the major causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. Following detachment from the primary site, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) enter the bloodstream and establish secondary colonies during the metastatic process. An increasing amount of studies have elucidated the importance of Notch signaling in breast cancer metastasis; therefore, the present review focuses on the mechanisms by which Notch contributes to the occurrence of breast cancer DTCs, increases their motility, establishes interactions with the tumor microenvironment, protects DTCs from host surveillance and finally facilitates secondary colonization. Identification of the underlying mechanisms of Notch-associated breast cancer metastasis will provide additional insights that may contribute towards the development of novel Notch-targeted therapeutic strategies, which may aid in reducing metastasis, culminating in an improved patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Yan Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Tong Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xiao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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69
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Tong Q, Ouyang S, Chen R, Huang J, Guo L. MYCN-mediated regulation of the HES1 promoter enhances the chemoresistance of small-cell lung cancer by modulating apoptosis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1938-1956. [PMID: 31598396 PMCID: PMC6780666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MYCN, a member of the MYC family, is correlated with tumorigenesis, metastasis and therapy in many malignancies; however, its role in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we sought to identify the function of MYCN in SCLC chemoresistance and found that MYCN is overexpressed in chemoresistant SCLC cells. We used MYCN gain- and loss-of- function experiments to demonstrate that MYCN promotes in vitro and in vivo chemoresistance in SCLC by inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations showed that MYCN binds to the HES1 promoter and exhibits transcriptional activity. Furthermore, MYCN mediated SCLC chemoresistance through HES1. Accordingly, the NOTCH inhibitor FLI-60 derepressed HES1 and diminished MYCN-induced chemoresistance in SCLC. Finally, the positive correlation between HES1 and MYCN was confirmed in SCLC patients. Chemoresistant SCLC patients had higher expression levels of MYCN and HES1 than patients without chemoresistant SCLC. MYCN overexpression was related to advanced clinical stage and shorter survival in SCLC. In conclusion, our study revealed that MYCN and HES1 may be potential therapeutic targets and promising predictors for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tong
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University253 Gongye Road, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyang 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuming Ouyang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyang 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University253 Gongye Road, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University253 Gongye Road, Guangzhou 510282, People’s Republic of China
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70
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Ferreira D, Martins B, Soares M, Correia J, Adega F, Ferreira F, Chaves R. Gene expression association study in feline mammary carcinomas. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221776. [PMID: 31461477 PMCID: PMC6713336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Works on cancer-related genes expression using feline mammary carcinomas (FMCs) are scarce but crucial, not only to validate these tumours as models for human breast cancer studies but also to improve small animal practice. Here, the expression of the cancer-related genes TP53, CCND1, FUS, YBX1, PTBP1, c-MYC and PKM2 was evaluated by real-time RT-qPCR, in a population of FMCs clinically characterized and compared with the disease-free tissue of the same individual. In most of the FMCs analysed, RNA quantification revealed normal expression levels for TP53, c-MYC, YBX1 and FUS, but overexpression in the genes CCND1, PTBP1 and PKM2. The expression levels of these cancer-related genes are strongly correlated with each other, with exception of c-MYC and PKM2 genes. The integration of clinicopathological data with the transcriptional levels revealed several associations. The oral contraceptive administration showed to be positively related with the TP53, YBX1, CCND1, FUS and PTBP1 RNA levels. Positive associations were found between tumour size and YBX1 RNA, and lymph node metastasis with c-MYC RNA levels. This work allowed to verify that many of these cancer-related genes are associated but may also, indirectly, influence other genes, creating a complex molecular cancer network that in the future can provide new cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferreira
- CAG - Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Martins
- CAG - Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Soares
- CBiOS - Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Correia
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filomena Adega
- CAG - Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel Chaves
- CAG - Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Sharma V, Sharma AK, Punj V, Priya P. Recent nanotechnological interventions targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: A focus on breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:133-146. [PMID: 31408722 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major cause of deaths in women worldwide. Detection and treatment of breast cancer at earlier stages of the disease has shown encouraging results. Modern genomic technologies facilitated several therapeutic options however the diagnosis of the disease at an advanced stage claim more deaths. Therefore more research directed towards genomics and proteomics into this area may lead to novel biomarkers thereby enhancing the survival rates in breast cancer patients. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway was shown to be hyperactivated in most of the breast carcinomas resulting in excessive growth, proliferation, and tumor development. Development of nanotechnology has provided many interesting avenues to target the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway both at the pre-clinical and clinical stages. Therefore, the current review summarizes the underlying mechanism and the importance of targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, novel biomarkers and use of nanotechnological interventions in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- VarRuchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
| | - Vasu Punj
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, LA USA
| | - Panneerselvam Priya
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thiruvalluvar College of Engineering and Technology, Vandavasi, 604505, Tamil Nadu, India
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72
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Colombo M, Platonova N, Giannandrea D, Palano MT, Basile A, Chiaramonte R. Re-establishing Apoptosis Competence in Bone Associated Cancers via Communicative Reprogramming Induced Through Notch Signaling Inhibition. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:145. [PMID: 30873026 PMCID: PMC6400837 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch and its ligands on adjacent cells are key mediators of cellular communication during developmental choice in embryonic and adult tissues. This communication is frequently altered in the pathological interaction between cancer cells and healthy cells of the microenvironment due to the aberrant expression of tumor derived Notch receptors or ligands, that results in homotypic or heterotypic Notch signaling activation in tumor cells or surrounding stromal cells. A deadly consequence of this pathological communication is pharmacological resistance that results in patient's relapse. We will provide a survey of the role of Notch signaling in the bone marrow (BM), a microenvironment with a very high capacity to support several types of cancer, including primary cancers such as osteosarcoma or multiple myeloma and bone metastases from carcinomas. Moreover, in the BM niche several hematological malignancies maintain a reservoir of cancer stem cells, characterized by higher intrinsic drug resistance. Cell-cell communication in BM-tumor interaction triggers signaling pathways by direct contact and paracrine communication through soluble growth factors or extracellular vesicles, which can deliver specific molecules such as mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins, metabolites, etc. enabling tumor cells to reprogram the healthy cells of the microenvironment inducing them to support tumor growth. In this review we will explore how the dysregulated Notch activity contributes to tumor-mediated reprogramming of the BM niche and drug resistance, strengthening the rationale of a Notch-directed therapy to re-establish apoptosis competence in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Basile
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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73
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Omarini C, Bettelli S, Caprera C, Manfredini S, Barbolini M, Moscetti L, Isca C, Toss A, Barbieri E, Cortesi L, Kaleci S, Maiorana A, Tazzioli G, Cascinu S, Piacentini F. Differential molecular pathways expression in HER2 positive early breast cancer according to hormone receptor status. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:821-828. [PMID: 30603906 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-02833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hormone receptors (HR) status in HER2 + breast cancer (BC) is a recognized stratification factor with relevant clinical implication. According to HR expression, HER2 + BC show different clinical characteristics, treatment sensitivity and prognosis. The interaction between HR and HER2 pathways remains incompletely understood. METHODS Thirty-four HER2 + BC were included: 18 tumors with HER2+/HR + and 16 with HER2+/HR-. The expression of 770 genes and 13 molecular pathways were evaluated using Nanostring PanCancer Pathway panel performed on FFPE BC biopsies. RESULTS Gene expression analysis identified 127 genes with significantly different expression between the two cohorts. 83% of these genes were overexpressed in HER2+/HR- cohort. Globally, 23% of them belonged to PI3K pathway (41 genes), 15% to Trascriptional regulation (26 genes) and 12% to MAPK (22 genes). Regarding pathway expression, PI3K, MAPK and NOTCH were significantly differently expressed between the two groups (p = 0.003, p = 0.0018 and p = 0.02, respectively), all of them were overexpressed in HER2+/HR- tumors. CONCLUSIONS According to HR status, HER2 + tumors express different pathways profiles: the overexpression of PI3K, MAPK and NOTCH pathways in HER2+/HR- group could justify different survival outcomes and treatment sensitivity. The identification of tumor driver pathways may be a useful instrument for individualized pathway-directed therapies. Further clinical implications are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Omarini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy.
| | - Stefania Bettelli
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Samantha Manfredini
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Monica Barbolini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Moscetti
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Chrystel Isca
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Toss
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tazzioli
- Oncologic Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Piacentini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41122, Modena, Italy
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Kontomanolis EN, Fasoulakis Z, Papamanolis V, Koliantzaki S, Dimopoulos G, Kambas NJ. The Impact of microRNAs in Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Progression. Microrna 2019; 8:101-109. [PMID: 30332982 DOI: 10.2174/2211536607666181017122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to review the recent data considering the expression profile and the role of microRNAs in breast tumorigenesis, and their impact on -the vital for breast cancer progression- angiogenesis. METHODS PubMed was searched for studies focused on data that associate microRNA with breast cancer, using the terms ''breast", "mammary gland", "neoplasia'', "angiogenesis" and ''microRNA'' between 1997-2018. RESULTS Aberrant expression of several circulating and tissue miRNAs is observed in human breast neoplasms with the deregulation of several miRNAs having a major participation in breast cancer progression. Angiogenesis seems to be directly affected by either overexpression or down regulation of many miRNAs, defining the overall prognostic rates. Many miRNAs differentially expressed in breast cancer that reveal a key role in suppression - progression and metastasis of breast cancer along with the contribution of the EGF, TNF-a and EGF cytokines. Conclusion Angiogenesis has proven to be vital for tumor development and metastasis while microRNAs are proposed to have multiple biological roles, including participation in immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory and recent studies reveal their implication in angiogenesis and its possible use as prognostic factors in cancer Even though larger studies are needed in order to reach safe conclusions, important steps are made that reveal the connection of serum microRNA expression to the angiogenic course of breast cancer, while miRNAs could be potential prognostic factors for the different breast cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N. Kontomanolis
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Democritus University in Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Greece
| | - Zacharias Fasoulakis
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Democritus University in Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Greece
| | | | - Sofia Koliantzaki
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
| | - Nikolaos J. Kambas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Corinth, Greece
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Abdollahzadeh R, Daraei A, Mansoori Y, Sepahvand M, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10080-10100. [PMID: 30537129 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the "ceRnome" as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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