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Navy Bean Supplementation in Established High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Attenuates the Severity of the Obese Inflammatory Phenotype. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030757. [PMID: 33652785 PMCID: PMC7996849 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cooked common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) improve intestinal health in lean mice and attenuate intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation when consumed concurrent with obesity development. We determined the effects of a high-fat (HF) bean supplemented diet in mice with established obesity (induced by 12 weeks of HF diet (60% fat as kcal)) compared to obese mice consuming a HF or low-fat (LF) weight loss control diet. Obese C57BL/6 male mice remained consuming HF for eight weeks or were randomly switched from HF to an isocaloric HF with 15.7% cooked navy bean powder diet (HF→HFB) or LF (11% fat as kcal; HF→LF) (n = 12/group). HF→HFB improved the obese phenotype, including (i) fecal microbiome (increased Prevotella, Akkermansia muciniphila, and short-chain fatty acid levels), (ii) intestinal health (increased ZO-1, claudin-2, Muc2, Relmβ, and Reg3γ expression), and (iii) reduced adipose tissue (AT) inflammatory proteins (NFκBp65, STAT3, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α), versus HF (p < 0.05). Conversely, HF→LF reduced body weight and circulating hormones (leptin, resistin, and PAI-1) versus HF and HF→HFB (p < 0.05); however, AT inflammation and intestinal health markers were not improved to the same degree as HF→HFB (p < 0.05). Despite remaining on a HF obesogenic diet, introducing beans in established obesity improved the obese phenotype (intestinal health and adipose inflammation) more substantially than weight loss alone.
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Del Mondo A, Smerilli A, Ambrosino L, Albini A, Noonan DM, Sansone C, Brunet C. Insights into phenolic compounds from microalgae: structural variety and complex beneficial activities from health to nutraceutics. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:155-171. [PMID: 33530761 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) are a family of secondary metabolites with recognized biological activities making them attractive for the biomedical "red" biotechnology. The development of the eco-sustainable production of natural bioactive metabolites requires using easy cultivable organisms, such as microalgae, which represents one of the most promising sources for biotechnological applications. Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms inhabiting aquatic systems, displaying high levels of biological and functional diversities, and are well-known producers of fatty acids and carotenoids. They are also rich in other families of bioactive molecules e.g. phenolic compounds. Microalgal PCs however are less investigated than other molecular components. This study aims to provide a state-of-art picture of the actual knowledge on microalgal phenolic compounds, reviewing information on the PC content variety and chemodiversity in microalgae, their environmental modulation, and we aim to report discuss data on PC biosynthetic pathways. We report the challenges of promoting microalgae as a relevant source of natural PCs, further enhancing the interests of microalgal "biofactories" for biotechnological applications (i.e. nutraceutical, pharmacological, or cosmeceutical products).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Del Mondo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Arianna Smerilli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Napoli, Italy
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Yao ZD, Cao YN, Peng LX, Yan ZY, Zhao G. Coarse Cereals and Legume Grains Exert Beneficial Effects through Their Interaction with Gut Microbiota: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:861-877. [PMID: 33264009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coarse cereals and legume grains (CCLGs) are rich in specific macro- and functional elements that are considered important dietary components for maintaining human health. Therefore, determining the precise nutritional mechanism involved in exerting the health benefits of CCLGs can help understand dietary nutrition in a better manner. Evidence suggests that gut microbiota play a crucial role in the function of CCLGs via their complicated interplay with CCLGs. First, CCLGs modulate gut microbiota and function. Second, gut microbiota convert CCLGs into compounds that perform different functions. Third, gut microbiota mediate interactions among different CCLG components. Therefore, using gut microbiota to expound the nutritional mechanism of CCLGs is important for future studies. A precise and rapid gut microbiota research model is required to screen and evaluate the quality of CCLGs. The outcomes of such research may promote the rapid discovery, classification, and evaluation of CCLG resources, thereby opening a new opportunity to guide nutrition-based development of CCLG products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Xin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-Yun Yan
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
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Li R, Yao Y, Gao P, Bu S. The Therapeutic Efficacy of Curcumin vs. Metformin in Modulating the Gut Microbiota in NAFLD Rats: A Comparative Study. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:555293. [PMID: 33584555 PMCID: PMC7874275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.555293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural disruption of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous research has demonstrated that both curcumin (CUR) and metformin (MET) have a therapeutic effect against NAFLD and play a role in modulating the gut microbiota. However, there is a lack of direct comparison between the two medications in terms of the therapeutic efficacy and the regulatory effect on gut microbiota. In this study, we administered either CUR or MET to rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity to observe changes in body parameters, biochemical parameters, liver, and ileum pathology and gut microbiota, and used next generation sequencing and multivariate analysis to evaluate the structural changes of gut microbiota in a NAFLD rat model before and after CUR and MET intervention. It was found that both CUR and MET attenuated hepatic ectopic fat deposition, alleviated inflammatory factors, and improved intestinal barrier integrity in HFD-fed rats. More importantly, CUR and MET reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reverted the composition of the HFD-disrupted gut microbiota. Both CUR and MET treatments effectively modified the gut microbiome, enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced opportunistic pathogens in obese rats. The abundance of Butyricicoccus was increased while the abundance of Dorea was decreased in HFD + CUR group. Besides, some beneficial bacteria such as Prevotella were increased in MET-treated animals. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that Helicobacter, Akkermansia, Desulfovibrio, Romboutsia, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_unclassified, Lachnospiraceae_unclassified, and Clostridiales_unclassified showed significantly positive correlations with TG, TC, LDL-C, GLU, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and negative correlations with HDL-C (both p < 0.05). However, Prevotella and Stomatobaculum showed an opposite trend. In summary, CUR and MET showed similar effects in alleviating hepatic steatosis, improving intestinal barrier integrity and modulating gut microbiota in HFD-induced obesity rats, and therefore may prove to be a novel adjunctive therapy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurong Yao
- Department of Infection, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shurui Bu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infection, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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55
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Cognitive and Neurochemical Changes Following Polyphenol-Enriched Diet in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010059. [PMID: 33375450 PMCID: PMC7824548 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary recommendations are frequently developed based on nutrient deficiency or prevention of disease, but less attention has been paid to the dietary guidelines to promote brain health. Active and healthy aging is a prerequisite for improving quality of life as people age, and evidence is establishing a relationship between diet and brain health. This work studied the effect of a diet based on foods rich in antioxidants, especially polyphenols, in rats, three days a week for 20 months starting at 14 months. Behavioral analysis testing working memory, spatial and episodic memory, as well as brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters involved in these processes but also in general brain health were analyzed. In addition, hippocampal SIRT1 protein which has an important role in regulating normal brain function was evaluated. The results show that long-term intake of polyphenol-enriched diet improves memory and learning, correlating with restoration of brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters and hippocampal SIRT1 levels in aged rats. These results agree with reports revealing a neuroprotective effect of different polyphenolic compounds on age-related brain decline, based on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; and demonstrate that consumption of antioxidant-rich foods, a few days a week, gives good long-term results in terms of brain health.
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56
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Mabwi HA, Kim E, Song DG, Yoon HS, Pan CH, Komba E, Ko G, Cha KH. Synthetic gut microbiome: Advances and challenges. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:363-371. [PMID: 33489006 PMCID: PMC7787941 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An exponential rise in studies regarding the association among human gut microbial communities, human health, and diseases is currently attracting the attention of researchers to focus on human gut microbiome research. However, even with the ever-growing number of studies on the human gut microbiome, translation into improved health is progressing slowly. This hampering is due to the complexities of the human gut microbiome, which is composed of >1,000 species of microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. To overcome this complexity, it is necessary to reduce the gut microbiome, which can help simplify experimental variables to an extent, such that they can be deliberately manipulated and controlled. Reconstruction of synthetic or established gut microbial communities would make it easier to understand the structure, stability, and functional activities of the complex microbial community of the human gut. Here, we provide an overview of the developments and challenges of the synthetic human gut microbiome, and propose the incorporation of multi-omics and mathematical methods in a better synthetic gut ecosystem design, for easy translation of microbiome information to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey A. Mabwi
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Eunjung Kim
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Shin Yoon
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Erick.V.G. Komba
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- KoBioLabs, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
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57
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Li XN, Hua LX, Zhou TS, Wang KB, Wu YY, Emam M, Bao XZ, Chen J, Wei B. Cinnamic acid derivatives: inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase and structure-activity relationships. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1372-1378. [PMID: 32571102 PMCID: PMC7717682 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1780225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial β-glucuronidase (GUS) is a potential therapeutic target to reduce gastrointestinal toxicity caused by irinotecan. In this study, the inhibitory effects of 17 natural cinnamic acid derivatives on Escherichia coli GUS (EcGUS) were characterised. Seven compounds, including caffeic acid ethyl ester (CAEE), had a stronger inhibitory effect (IC50 = 3.2-22.2 µM) on EcGUS than the positive control, D-glucaric acid-1,4-lactone. Inhibition kinetic analysis revealed that CAEE acted as a competitive inhibitor. The results of molecular docking analysis suggested that CAEE bound to the active site of EcGUS through interactions with Asp163, Tyr468, and Glu504. In addition, structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the presence of a hydrogen atom at R1 and bulky groups at R9 in cinnamic acid derivatives was essential for EcGUS inhibition. These data are useful to design more potent cinnamic acid-type inhibitors of EcGUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Nuo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Xia Hua
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tao-Shun Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Bo Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mahmoud Emam
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Shanghai Hadal Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Xiao-Ze Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Shanghai Hadal Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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58
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Chung JY, Jeong JH, Song J. Resveratrol Modulates the Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, 5-HT, and Gut Microbiota. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:588044. [PMID: 33328965 PMCID: PMC7732484 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.588044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol that has anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties against stress condition. It is reported that resveratrol has beneficial functions in various metabolic and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, depression, and dementia. Recently, many researchers have emphasized the connection between the brain and gut, called the gut-brain axis, for treating both CNS neuropathologies and gastrointestinal diseases. Based on previous findings, resveratrol is involved in glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secreted by intestine L cells, the patterns of microbiome in the intestine, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level, and CNS inflammation. Here, we review recent evidences concerning the relevance and regulatory function of resveratrol in the gut-brain axis from various perspectives. Here, we highlight the necessity for further study on resveratrol's specific mechanism in the gut-brain axis. We present the potential of resveratrol as a natural therapeutic substance for treating both neuropathology and gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Chung
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Exercise and/or Genistein Treatment Impact Gut Microbiota and Inflammation after 12 Weeks on a High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet in C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113410. [PMID: 33172007 PMCID: PMC7694625 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein (Gen) and exercise (Exe) have been postulated as potential strategies to ameliorate obesity, inflammation, and gut microbiota (GM) with promising results. However, the impact of the combination of both Exe and Gen is yet to be investigated. We aimed to analyze the impacts of Exe, Gen, and their combined effects on GM and inflammation in mice after a 12-week high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFD). Eighty-three C57BL/6 mice were randomized to control, HFD, HFD + Exe, HFD + Gen, or HFD + Exe + Gen. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was analyzed with Illumina MiSeq. Serum samples were used to analyze interleukin (Il)-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The HFD + Exe and HFD + Exe + Gen treatments resulted in significantly greater microbial richness compared to HFD. All the treatments had a significantly different impact on the GM community structure. Ruminococcus was significantly more abundant after the HFD + Exe + Gen treatment when compared to all the other HFD groups. Exe + Gen resulted in serum Il-6 concentrations similar to that of controls. TNF-alpha concentrations did not differ by treatment. Overall, Exe had a positive impact on microbial richness, and Ruminococcus might be the driving bacteria for the GM structure differences. Exe + Gen may be an effective treatment for preventing HFD-induced inflammation.
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60
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Rufino AT, Costa VM, Carvalho F, Fernandes E. Flavonoids as antiobesity agents: A review. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:556-585. [PMID: 33084093 DOI: 10.1002/med.21740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem that affects all age groups in both developing and developed countries. In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached pandemic levels, resulting in a dramatic increase in the incidence of various comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, consequently leading to massive health and socioeconomic burdens. Together with lifestyle changes, antiobesity pharmacotherapy is gaining momentum as an adjunctive treatment. However, the available pharmacological approaches have limited use owing to either significant adverse effects or low efficacy. Over the years, natural products have been an important source of lead compounds for drug discovery. Among these, flavonoids are associated with important biological effects and health-promoting activities. In this review, we discuss the modulatory effects of flavonoids on obesity and their potential mechanisms of action. The literature strongly suggests that most common flavonoids demonstrate a pronounced effect on obesity as shown by their ability to lower body weight, fat mass, and plasma triglycerides/cholesterol, both in in vitro and in vivo models. The impact of flavonoids on obesity can be observed through different mechanisms: reducing food intake and fat absorption, increasing energy expenditure, modulating lipid metabolism, or regulating gut microbiota profile. A better understanding of the known antiobesity mechanisms of flavonoids will enable their potential use to treat this medical condition. Therefore, this review focuses on the putative biological mechanisms through which flavonoids may prevent or treat obesity and highlights new perspectives on future pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Rufino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera M Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Shen L, Shen K, Bai J, Wang J, Singla RK, Shen B. Data-driven microbiota biomarker discovery for personalized drug therapy of cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105225. [PMID: 33007417 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most wide-spread disorder all over the world. The personalized and precision diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CVD is still a challenge. With the developing of metagenome sequencing technologies and the paradigm shifting to data-driven discovery in life science, the computer aided microbiota biomarker discovery for CVD is becoming reality. We here summarize the data resources, knowledgebases and computational models available for CVD microbiota biomarker discovery, and review the present status of the findings about the microbiota patterns associated with the therapeutic effects on CVD. The future challenges and opportunities of the translational informatics on the personalized drug usages in CVD diagnosis, prognosis and treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinwei Bai
- Library of West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Ferreira C, Viana SD, Reis F. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis-Immune Hyperresponse-Inflammation Triad in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact of Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Approaches. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1514. [PMID: 33019592 PMCID: PMC7601735 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic infection caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients present a complex clinical picture that, in severe cases, evolves to respiratory, hepatic, gastrointestinal, and neurological complications, and eventually death. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are complex and multifactorial and have been summarized as a hyperresponse of the immune system that originates an inflammatory/cytokine storm. In elderly patients, particularly in those with pre-existing cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, and pulmonary disorders, the disease is particularly severe, causing prolonged hospitalization at intensive care units (ICU) and an increased mortality rate. Curiously, the same populations have been described as more prone to a gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis profile. Intestinal microflora plays a major role in many metabolic and immune functions of the host, including to educate and strengthen the immune system to fight infections, namely of viral origin. Notably, recent studies suggest the existence of GM dysbiosis in COVID-19 patients. This review article highlights the interplay between the triad GM dysbiosis-immune hyperresponse-inflammation in the individual resilience/fragility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and presents the putative impact of pharmacological and nutraceutical approaches on the triumvirate, with focus on GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferreira
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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Kim JA, Kim SH, Kim IS, Yu DY, Kim GI, Moon YS, Kim SC, Lee SH, Lee SS, Yun CH, Choi IS, Cho KK. Galectin-9 Induced by Dietary Prebiotics Regulates Immunomodulation to Reduce Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in 1-Chloro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-Treated NC/Nga Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1343-1354. [PMID: 32699202 PMCID: PMC9745654 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2005.05017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disorder that causes chronic itch. We investigated the inhibitory effects of a mixture of prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS), inulin, or β-glucan on AD development in 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice. Mice were randomly assigned to six groups: untreated mice, AD control, positive control (DNCB-treated NC/Nga mice fed a dietary supplement of Zyrtec), and DNCB-treated NC/Nga mice fed a dietary supplement of prebiotics such as scGOS/lcFOS (T1), inulin (T2), or β-glucan (T3). The prebiotic treatment groups (T1, T2, and T3) showed suppression of AD symptoms, Th2 cell differentiation, and AD-like skin lesions induced by DNCB. In addition, prebiotic treatment also reduced the number of microorganisms such as Firmicutes, which is associated with AD symptoms, and increased the levels of Bacteroidetes and Ruminococcaceae, which are associated with alleviation of AD symptoms. Our findings demonstrate the inhibitory effects of prebiotics on AD development by improving the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and beneficial symbiotic microorganisms in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong A Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sung Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yoon Yu
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Il Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Soo Moon
- Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Suk Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- Department of Life Science, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
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Delzenne NM, Rodriguez J, Olivares M, Neyrinck AM. Microbiome response to diet: focus on obesity and related diseases. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2020; 21:369-380. [PMID: 32691288 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies in humans and animal models describe disturbances of the gut microbial ecosystem associated with adiposity and hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome, including hepatic and cardiovascular diseases. The manipulation of the microbiome, which is largely influenced by the diet, appears as an innovative therapeutic tool to prevent or control obesity and related diseases. This review describes the impact of nutrients on the gut microbiota composition and/or function and when available, the consequences on host physiology. A special emphasis is made on the contribution of bacterial-derived metabolites in the regulation of key gut functions that may explain their systemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Olivares
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Goktas Z, Zu Y, Abbasi M, Galyean S, Wu D, Fan Z, Wang S. Recent Advances in Nanoencapsulation of Phytochemicals to Combat Obesity and Its Comorbidities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8119-8131. [PMID: 32633507 PMCID: PMC8507418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An increasing epidemic of obesity has become a serious public health concern primarily because it contributes to pathogenesis of many chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hepatobiliary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, kidney disease, some types of cancer, among others. Consumption of a variety of phytochemicals has emerged as a promising potential for combating obesity and its comorbidities. However, the generally low aqueous solubility, stability, bioavailability, and target specificity of phytochemicals, along with their side-effects and toxicity seen when used at high doses, have restricted their clinical applications. As a solution, phytochemicals can be encapsulated into nanoparticles to increase their stability and solubility, enhance their bioavailability, protect them from premature degradation in the body, prolong their circulation time, and thus enhance their antiobesity activity. In this perspective, we summarize the problems and limitations of the prominent phytochemicals (epigallocatechin gallate, trans-resveratrol, curcumin, and quercetin), the major biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles, and the efficacy of nanoencapsulated forms of these phytochemicals in combating obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Goktas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yujiao Zu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Mehrnaz Abbasi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shannon Galyean
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Dayong Wu
- Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Nano Tech Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Andrade AWL, Guerra GCB, de Souza Araújo DF, de Araújo Júnior RF, de Araújo AA, de Carvalho TG, Fernandes JM, Diez-Echave P, Hidalgo-García L, Rodriguez-Cabezas ME, Gálvez J, Zucolotto SM. Anti-Inflammatory and Chemopreventive Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lamarck) Leaf Extract in Experimental Colitis Models in Rodents. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:998. [PMID: 32848723 PMCID: PMC7403504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, mainly ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine. Currently several therapeutic strategies available to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Though, most treatments can be associated with serious adverse effects what justifies the search for new treatments. In this sense, we highlight the interest in herbal products rich in bioactive compounds which immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties as is the case of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae). This plant is used in traditional medicine in Brazil for treating inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that hydroethanolic B. pinnatum leaf extract has intestinal anti-inflammatory effects on two experimental colitis models: 2.4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) in rats, and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography method used for the quantification of the main compounds indicated good linearity, specificity, selectivity, precision, robustness and accuracy. The major flavonoids (mg/g of the extract) quantified were: quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (35.56 ± 0.086 mg/g), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4.66 ± 0.076 mg/g) and quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (4.56 ± 0.026 mg/g). The results obtained in the DNBS and DSS models indicate that extract has both chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory effects, observing a significant reduction in the disease activity index score, and less macroscopic and microscopic damage. The extract promoted downregulation of Toll-like receptor and kappa B p65 nuclear factor gene expression, leading to a reduction in pro-inflammatory and oxidative mediators, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. This immunomodulatory property was proposed that one of the possible action mechanisms of extract. An improvement in intestinal damage was also associated with a reduction in oxidative stress and infiltration of leukocytes, as evidenced by the reduction in malonaldialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity and increase in total glutathione in the colonic tissue. Moreover, the extract improved the cytoarchitecture of the colonic tissue and the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier by restoring the expression of the proteins associated with mucosa protection. In view of the beneficial effects showed by the B. pinnatum leaf extract in preclinical rodent models of colitis there is the potential to conduct some future clinical studies to ensure safe and effective development of a phytotherapeutic treatment for human inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Wilbur Lopes Andrade
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Health Science Center, Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Functional and Structural Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Gomes de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Júlia Morais Fernandes
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Diez-Echave
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Hidalgo-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Gálvez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Health Science Center, Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Orlowski P, Zmigrodzka M, Tomaszewska E, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Pajak B, Slonska A, Cymerys J, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Krzyzowska M. Polyphenol-Conjugated Bimetallic Au@AgNPs for Improved Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4969-4990. [PMID: 32764930 PMCID: PMC7369312 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s252027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyphenols possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties and have been used in the treatment of skin wounds and burns. We previously showed that tannic acid-modified AgNPs sized >26 nm promote wound healing, while tannic acid-modified AgNPs sized 13 nm can elicit strong local inflammatory response. In this study, we tested bimetallic Au@AgNPs sized 30 nm modified with selected flavonoid and non-flavonoid compounds for wound healing applications. Methods Bimetallic Au@AgNPs were obtained by growing an Ag layer on AuNPs and further modified with selected polyphenols. After toxicity tests and in vitro scratch assay in HaCaT cells, modified lymph node assay as well as the mouse splint wound model were further used to access the wound healing potential of selected non-toxic modifications. Results Tannic acid, gallic acid, polydatin, resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate and procyanidin B2 used to modify Au@AgNPs exhibited good toxicological profiles in HaCaT cells. Au@AgNPs modified with 15 μM tannic acid, 200 μM resveratrol, 200 μM epicatechin gallate, 1000 μM gallic acid and 200 μM procyanidin B2 induced wound healing in vivo and did not lead to the local irritation or inflammation. Tannic acid-modified Au@AgNPs induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) - like re-epithelialization, while other polyphenol modifications of Au@AgNPs acted through proliferation and wound closure. Conclusion Bimetallic Au@AgNPs can be used as a basis for modification with selected polyphenols for topical uses. In addition, we have demonstrated that particular polyphenols used to modify bimetallic nanoparticles may show different effects upon different stages of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Orlowski
- Laboratory of Nanobiology and Biomaterials, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zmigrodzka
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Beata Pajak
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Slonska
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw 02-786, Poland
| | - Joanna Cymerys
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw 02-786, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Krzyzowska
- Laboratory of Nanobiology and Biomaterials, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
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Ma Y, Liu S, Shu H, Crawford J, Xing Y, Tao F. Resveratrol alleviates temporomandibular joint inflammatory pain by recovering disturbed gut microbiota. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:455-464. [PMID: 32001342 PMCID: PMC9444375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) often experience persistent facial pain. However, the treatment of TMD pain is still inadequate. In recent years, the disturbance of gut microbiota has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of different neurological diseases including chronic pain. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of gut microbiota in the development of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation. Intra-temporomandibular joint injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was employed to induce TMJ inflammation. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural bioactive compound with anti-inflammatory property, was used to treat the CFA-induced TMJ inflammation. We observed that CFA injection not only induces persistent joint pain, but also causes the reduction of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid) in the gut as well as decreases relevant gut bacteria Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae. Interestingly, systemic administration of RSV (i.p.) dose-dependently inhibits CFA-induced TMJ inflammation, reverses CFA-caused reduction of SCFAs and these gut bacteria. Moreover, CFA injection causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, activates microglia and enhances tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) release in the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C). The RSV treatment restores the BBB integrity, inhibits microglial activation and decreases the release of TNFα in the Sp5C. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation with feces from RSV-treated mice significantly diminishes the CFA-induced TMJ inflammation. Taken together, our results suggest that gut microbiome perturbation is critical for the development of TMJ inflammation and that recovering gut microbiome to normal levels could be a new therapeutic approach for treating such pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Shu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joshua Crawford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
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69
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Nyakudya TT, Tshabalala T, Dangarembizi R, Erlwanger KH, Ndhlala AR. The Potential Therapeutic Value of Medicinal Plants in the Management of Metabolic Disorders. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112669. [PMID: 32526850 PMCID: PMC7321241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent, multifactorial and complex disease that is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes and other major cardiovascular complications. The rise in the global prevalence of MetS has been attributed to genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The adoption of sedentary lifestyles that are characterized by low physical activity and the consumption of high-energy diets contributes to MetS development. Current management criteria for MetS risk factors involve changes in lifestyle and the use of pharmacological agents that target specific biochemical pathways involved in the metabolism of nutrients. Pharmaceutical drugs are usually expensive and are associated with several undesirable side effects. Alternative management strategies of MetS risk factors involve the use of medicinal plants that are considered to have multiple therapeutic targets and are easily accessible. Medicinal plants contain several different biologically active compounds that provide health benefits. The impact of phytochemicals present in local medicinal plants on sustainable health and well-being of individuals has been studied for many years and found to involve a plethora of complex biochemical, metabolic, and physiological mechanisms. While some of these phytochemicals are the basis of mainstream prescribed drugs (e.g., metformin, reserpine, quinine, and salicin), there is a need to identify more medicinal plants that can be used for the management of components of MetS and to describe their possible mechanisms of action. In this review, we assess the potential health benefits of South African ethnomedicinal plants in protecting against the development of health outcomes associated with MetS. We aim to provide the state of the current knowledge on the use of medicinal plants and their therapeutically important phytochemicals by discussing the current trends, with critical examples from recent primary references of how medicinal plants are being used in South African rural and urban communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor T. Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Thulani Tshabalala
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Private Bag X923, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Rachael Dangarembizi
- Department of Human Biology Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Physiological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Kennedy H. Erlwanger
- School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa;
| | - Ashwell R. Ndhlala
- Green Technologies Research Centre of Excellence, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +27-15-268-2190
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70
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nimrouzi M, Abolghasemi J, Sharifi MH, Nasiri K, Akbari A. Thyme oxymel by improving of inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and homeostasis of some trace elements ameliorates obesity induced by high-fructose/fat diet in male rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Hu D, Yang W, Mao P, Cheng M. Combined Amelioration of Prebiotic Resveratrol and Probiotic Bifidobacteria on Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:652-661. [PMID: 32436410 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1767166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity are becoming increasingly common globally and characteristic as gut microbiota disturbance. Supplement of probiotics is considered as a promising strategy for NAFLD and obesity treatment. However, this effect varied from each other in clinical trials. We proposed that combination with a prebiotic substrate may improve the effects of probiotics. Thus, in this study, we investigated the separated and combined effects of Bifidobacteria and resveratrol (RSV) against obesity and NAFLD. NAFLD was caused by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 8 weeks. HFD-treated mice were orally treated with B. longum (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day), RSV (100 mg/kg/day), and both of them from the fifth week. HFD feeding caused obesity and NAFLD as indicated by significantly increased body and liver weights, liver steatosis, elevated serum transaminases and lipid profiles, increased inflammation and imbalanced redox status. Based on these physical and biochemical parameters, inflammatory and antioxidant markers, individual administration of B. longum and RSV alleviated obesity and NAFLD, while coadministration of both products further enhanced the efficacy. These data suggested that combined prebiotic RSV and probiotic B. longum would be a potential candidate or adjuvant for the treatment of obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peijiang Mao
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minyu Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Mas-Capdevila A, Teichenne J, Domenech-Coca C, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Escoté X, Crescenti A. Effect of Hesperidin on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: The Role of Intestinal Microbiota on Hesperidin Bioavailability. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1488. [PMID: 32443766 PMCID: PMC7284956 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, hesperidin, a flavonone mainly present in citrus fruits, has emerged as a new potential therapeutic agent able to modulate several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors. Animal and in vitro studies demonstrate beneficial effects of hesperidin and its derived compounds on CVD risk factors. Thus, hesperidin has shown glucose-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties in diabetic models, dyslipidemia-, atherosclerosis-, and obesity-preventing effects in CVDs and obese models, and antihypertensive and antioxidant effects in hypertensive models. However, there is still controversy about whether hesperidin could contribute to ameliorate glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, adiposity, and blood pressure in humans, as evidenced by several clinical trials reporting no effects of treatments with this flavanone or with orange juice on these cardiovascular parameters. In this review, we focus on hesperidin's beneficial effects on CVD risk factors, paying special attention to the high interindividual variability in response to hesperidin-based acute and chronic interventions, which can be partly attributed to differences in gut microbiota. Based on the current evidence, we suggest that some of hesperidin's contradictory effects in human trials are partly due to the interindividual hesperidin variability in its bioavailability, which in turn is highly dependent on the α-rhamnosidase activity and gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mas-Capdevila
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Teichenne
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Cristina Domenech-Coca
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Biotechnology Area and Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Crescenti
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (J.T.); (C.D.-C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
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73
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Sarkhosh‐Khorasani S, Mozaffari‐Khosravi H, Mirzaei M, Nadjarzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M. Empirically derived dietary patterns and obesity among Iranian Adults: Yazd Health Study-TAMYZ and Shahedieh cohort study. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2478-2489. [PMID: 32405404 PMCID: PMC7215230 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to determine the relationship between dietary patterns derived by principal component analysis (PCA) in association with obesity from a large group of Iranian adults in the urban and suburb areas. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,693 Iranian adults. The data were collected from two cohort studies: Shahedieh city annexed to Yazd area as well as Yazd Health Study (YaHS)-TAMYZ (Yazd Nutrition Survey in Persian) in urban area. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The PCA was applied to identify the dietary patterns. Multiple logistic regressions were run to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity. In Shahedieh cohort study, three major dietary patterns were identified traditional, unhealthy, and prudent pattern. Prudent pattern was associated with lower odds of obesity (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.88). Higher adherence to the unhealthy (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.50) and traditional (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.72) patterns was related to greater odds of obesity. Moreover, we identified traditional and unhealthy dietary patterns in YaHS study. Higher adherence to the unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with greater odds of obesity (OR: 1.21 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44). Greater adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns was associated with higher odds of obesity in participants. Greater adherence to traditional and prudent dietary patterns increased and decreased the obesity odds, respectively. Further prospective studies are needed to find out the causal relationship between the variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sarkhosh‐Khorasani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari‐Khosravi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research CentreShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
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74
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Tian J, Si X, Wang Y, Gong E, Xie X, Zhang Y, Shu C, Li B. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside protects human gastric epithelial cells against Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide-induced disorders by modulating TLR-mediated NF-κB pathway. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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75
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du Preez R, Wanyonyi S, Mouatt P, Panchal SK, Brown L. Saskatoon Berry Amelanchier alnifolia Regulates Glucose Metabolism and Improves Cardiovascular and Liver Signs of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040931. [PMID: 32230955 PMCID: PMC7231198 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia) is a potential functional food containing anthocyanins and flavonols, as well as ellagitannins and phenolic acids. We have determined the potential therapeutic effects of Saskatoon berry in diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Nine- to ten-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups. Two groups were fed on control diets, either corn starch (C) or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (H) respectively, for 16 weeks. Two further groups were fed on C or H diet for 16 weeks with Saskatoon berry powder added to the diet for the final 8 weeks (CSSK, HSSK). After 16 weeks, H rats showed symptoms of metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight, visceral adiposity, systolic blood pressure, cardiac fibrosis, plasma concentrations of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids, and plasma activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. Saskatoon berry intervention normalised body weight and adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, decreased systolic blood pressure, improved heart and liver structure and function with decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, and decreased plasma total cholesterol. Further, Saskatoon berry normalised liver expression of hexokinase 1 and glycogen phosphorylase and increased glucose 6-phosphatase relative to H rats. These results suggest that Saskatoon berry regulates glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis to improve metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan du Preez
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Stephen Wanyonyi
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (R.d.P.); (S.W.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3812-6366
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76
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Taghinasab M, Jabaji S. Cannabis Microbiome and the Role of Endophytes in Modulating the Production of Secondary Metabolites: An Overview. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E355. [PMID: 32131457 PMCID: PMC7143057 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants, including cannabis (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), host distinct beneficial microbial communities on and inside their tissues and organs, including seeds. They contribute to plant growth, facilitating mineral nutrient uptake, inducing defence resistance against pathogens, and modulating the production of plant secondary metabolites. Understanding the microbial partnerships with cannabis has the potential to affect the agricultural practices by improving plant fitness and the yield of cannabinoids. Little is known about this beneficial cannabis-microbe partnership, and the complex relationship between the endogenous microbes associated with various tissues of the plant, and the role that cannabis may play in supporting or enhancing them. This review will consider cannabis microbiota studies and the effects of endophytes on the elicitation of secondary metabolite production in cannabis plants. The review aims to shed light on the importance of the cannabis microbiome and how cannabinoid compound concentrations can be stimulated through symbiotic and/or mutualistic relationships with endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suha Jabaji
- Plant Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, MacDonald Campus of McGill University, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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Cheng CK, Luo J, Lau CW, Chen Z, Tian XY, Huang Y. Pharmacological basis and new insights of resveratrol action in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1258-1277. [PMID: 31347157 PMCID: PMC7056472 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) belongs to the family of natural phytoalexins. Resveratrol first came to our attention in 1992, following reports of the cardioprotective effects of red wine. Thereafter, resveratrol was shown to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and angio-regulatory effects against atherosclerosis, ischaemia, and cardiomyopathy. This article critically reviews the current findings on the molecular basis of resveratrol-mediated cardiovascular benefits, summarizing the broad effects of resveratrol on longevity regulation, energy metabolism, stress resistance, exercise mimetics, circadian clock, and microbiota composition. In addition, this article also provides an update, both preclinically and clinically, on resveratrol-induced cardiovascular protection and discusses the adverse and inconsistent effects of resveratrol reported in both preclinical and clinical studies. Although resveratrol has been claimed as a master anti-aging agent against several age-associated diseases, further detailed mechanistic investigation is still required to thoroughly unravel the therapeutic value of resveratrol against cardiovascular diseases at different stages of disease development. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chak Kwong Cheng
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Jiang‐Yun Luo
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Chi Wai Lau
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Zhen‐Yu Chen
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Yu Huang
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Shenzhen Research Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
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78
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Bonet ML, Ribot J, Galmés S, Serra F, Palou A. Carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products in adipose tissue biology and obesity: Pre-clinical and human studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158676. [PMID: 32120014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiobesity activities of carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products (CCPs) have been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies, and mechanisms behind have begun to be unveiled, thus suggesting these compounds may help obesity prevention and management. The antiobesity action of carotenoids and CCPs can be traced to effects in multiple tissues, notably the adipose tissues. Key aspects of the biology of adipose tissues appear to be affected by carotenoid and CCPs, including adipogenesis, metabolic capacities for energy storage, release and inefficient oxidation, secretory function, and modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Here, we review the connections of carotenoids and CCPs with adipose tissue biology and obesity as revealed by cell and animal intervention studies, studies addressing the role of endogenous retinoid metabolism, and human epidemiological and intervention studies. We also consider human genetic variability influencing carotenoid and vitamin A metabolism, particularly in adipose tissues, as a potentially relevant aspect towards personalization of dietary recommendations to prevent or manage obesity and optimize metabolic health. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Bonet
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain.
| | - Joan Ribot
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | | | - Francisca Serra
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
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79
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Rathaur P, SR KJ. Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of Phytochemicals in the Human Body. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:1085-1102. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200103090757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:Phytochemicals are obtained from various plants and used for the treatment of diseases as both traditional and modern medicines. Poor bioavailability of phytochemicals is a major concern in applying phytochemicals as a therapeutic agent. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals for its implication as a therapeutic agent.Methods:Articles on the metabolism of phytochemicals from the PubMed database. The articles were classified into the digestion, absorption, metabolism, excretion, toxicity, and bioavailability of phytochemicals and the effect of gut microbiota on the metabolism of phytochemicals.Results:The metabolism of each phytochemical is largely dependent on the individual's digestive ability, membrane transporters, metabolizing enzymes and gut microbiota. Further, the form of the phytochemical and genetic make-up of the individual greatly influences the metabolism of phytochemicals.Conclusion:The metabolism of phytochemicals is mostly depended on the form of phytochemicals and individualspecific variations in the metabolism of phytochemicals. Understanding the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals might help in applying plant-based medicines for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rathaur
- Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Kaid Johar SR
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
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80
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Kuryłowicz A, Cąkała-Jakimowicz M, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M. Targeting Abdominal Obesity and Its Complications with Dietary Phytoestrogens. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020582. [PMID: 32102233 PMCID: PMC7071386 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the assessment of the health risk of an obese individual, both the amount of adipose tissue and its distribution and metabolic activity are essential. In adults, the distribution of adipose tissue differs in a gender-dependent manner and is regulated by sex steroids, especially estrogens. Estrogens affect adipocyte differentiation but are also involved in the regulation of the lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory activity of the adipose tissue. Their deficiency results in unfavorable changes in body composition and increases the risk of metabolic complications, which can be partially reversed by hormone replacement therapy. Therefore, the idea of the supplementation of estrogen-like compounds to counteract obesity and related complications is compelling. Phytoestrogens are natural plant-derived dietary compounds that resemble human estrogens in their chemical structure and biological activity. Supplementation with phytoestrogens may confer a range of beneficial effects. However, results of studies on the influence of phytoestrogens on body composition and prevalence of obesity are inconsistent. In this review, we present data from in vitro, animal, and human studies regarding the role of phytoestrogens in adipose tissue development and function in the context of their potential application in the prevention of visceral obesity and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kuryłowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.-J.); (M.P.-K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48226086591; Fax: +48226086410
| | - Marta Cąkała-Jakimowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.-J.); (M.P.-K.)
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.-J.); (M.P.-K.)
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 61/63 Kleczewska Street, 01-826, Warsaw, Poland
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81
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Correlations between Microbiota Bioactivity and Bioavailability of Functional Compounds: A Mini-Review. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020039. [PMID: 32093399 PMCID: PMC7167868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of the microbiota in supporting the physiological functions, owing to its metabolomic component. The presence of biocomponents generally leads to the correction of the microbial pattern correlated with the reduction of oxidative pressure. This study aims to present the main processes that correlate the bioavailability and bioactivity of some functional components through the action of the human microbiota. The use of probiotics and prebiotics is an innovative manner involving alternatives that increase the bioavailability of certain natural or metabolic components has been proposed. Probiotic strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum) may represent an intermediary for increasing the antioxidant bioactivity, and they may be administered in the form of a biomass enriched with functional compounds, such as phenolic acids. The limiting effect of gastrointestinal transit is, in several cases, the key to the biopharmaceutical value of new products (or supplements). The identification of newer ways of formulating supplements also involves the compatibility of different types of products, the testing of bioaccessibility, and the elimination of biotransformations.
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82
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Lagoa R, Marques-da-Silva D, Diniz M, Daglia M, Bishayee A. Molecular mechanisms linking environmental toxicants to cancer development: Significance for protective interventions with polyphenols. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:118-144. [PMID: 32044471 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental toxicants with diverse mechanisms of action is a growing concern. In addition to well-recognized carcinogens, various chemicals in environmental and occupational settings have been suggested to impact health, increasing susceptibility to cancer by inducing genetic and epigenetic changes. Accordingly, in this review, we have discussed recent insights into the pathological mechanisms of these chemicals, namely their effects on cell redox and calcium homeostasis, mitochondria and inflammatory signaling, with a focus on the possible implications for multi-stage carcinogenesis and its reversal by polyphenols. Plant-derived polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin and anthocyanins reduce the incidence of cancer and can be useful nutraceuticals for alleviating the detrimental outcomes of harmful pollutants. However, development of therapies based on polyphenol administration requires further studies to validate the biological efficacy, identifying effective doses, mode of action and new delivery forms. Innovative microphysiological testing models are presented and specific proposals for future trials are given. Merging the current knowledge of multifactorial actions of specific polyphenols and chief environmental toxicants, this work aims to potentiate the delivery of phytochemical-based protective treatments to individuals at high-risk due to environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Lagoa
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Dorinda Marques-da-Silva
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Diniz
- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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83
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Venkataraman B, Ojha S, Belur PD, Bhongade B, Raj V, Collin PD, Adrian TE, Subramanya SB. Phytochemical drug candidates for the modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in inflammatory bowel diseases. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1530-1549. [PMID: 32009281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based compounds or phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils, tannins, resins, and polyphenols have been used extensively in traditional medicine for centuries and more recently in Western alternative medicine. Extensive evidence suggests that consumption of dietary polyphenolic compounds lowers the risk of inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of several phytochemicals are mediated through ligand-inducible peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), particularly the PPARγ transcription factor. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is represented by ulcerative colitis, which occurs in the mucosa of the colon and rectum, and Crohn's disease (CD) that can involve any segment of gastrointestinal tract. Because of the lack of cost-effective pharmaceutical treatment options, many IBD patients seek and use alternative and unconventional therapies to alleviate their symptoms. PPARγ plays a role in the inhibition of inflammatory cytokine expression and activation of anti-inflammatory immune cells. The phytochemicals reported here are ligands that activate PPARγ, which in turn modulates inflammatory responses. PPARγ is highly expressed in the gut making it a potential therapeutic target for IBDs. This review summarizes the effects of the currently published phytochemicals that modulate the PPARγ pathway and reduce or eliminate colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Venkataraman
- Department of Physiology, Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Prasanna D Belur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, India
| | - Bhoomendra Bhongade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vishnu Raj
- Department of Physiology, Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Thomas E Adrian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Mohamed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandeep B Subramanya
- Department of Physiology, Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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84
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Liu J, He Z, Ma N, Chen ZY. Beneficial Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Linking with Modulation of Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:33-47. [PMID: 31829012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is caused by an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. It is characterized by a higher accumulation of body fat with a chronic low-grade inflammation. Many reports have shown that gut microbiota in the host plays a pivotal role in mediating the interaction between consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) and onset of obesity. Accumulative evidence has suggested that the changes in the composition of gut microbiota may affect the host's energy homeostasis, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. As one of the major components in human diet, polyphenols have demonstrated to be capable of modulating the composition of gut microbiota and reducing the HFD-induced obesity. The present review summarizes the findings of recent studies on dietary polyphenols regarding their metabolism and interaction with bacteria in the intestine as well as the underlying mechanisms by which they modulate the gut microbiota and alleviate the HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
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85
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Tang D, Wang Y, Kang W, Zhou J, Dong R, Feng Q. Chitosan attenuates obesity by modifying the intestinal microbiota and increasing serum leptin levels in mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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86
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Corrêa TAF, Rogero MM, Hassimotto NMA, Lajolo FM. The Two-Way Polyphenols-Microbiota Interactions and Their Effects on Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases. Front Nutr 2019; 6:188. [PMID: 31921881 PMCID: PMC6933685 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases can change the gut microbiota composition and function, and pathogenic bacteria contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. Polyphenols may act in the gut microbiota to favor the increase of beneficial bacteria and hamper the increase of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the microbiota may act on polyphenols to increase their bioavailability. This two-way interactions between polyphenols and the gut microbiota could affect human metabolism and reduce cardiometabolic risk. Despite the possible benefits of polyphenols for human health through modulating the microbiome, studies are scarce, and present several limitations. This review provides an overview of the polyphenol-microbiota interactions and its effects on metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
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87
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Wang Q, Jia M, Zhao Y, Hui Y, Pan J, Yu H, Yan S, Dai X, Liu X, Liu Z. Supplementation of Sesamin Alleviates Stress-Induced Behavioral and Psychological Disorders via Reshaping the Gut Microbiota Structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12441-12451. [PMID: 31674783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sesamin, a lignan from sesame seed, has been reported to attenuate chronic mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Gut microbiota play pivotal roles in mediating psychological behaviors by regulating gut barrier integrity and systemic inflammatory responses. Here, we found that oral sesamin administration (50 mg/kg·bodyweight/day) significantly attenuated depressive, aversive, repetitive, and anxiety-like behaviors in a long-term multiple nonsocial stress-treated mice model. Sesamin inhibited stress-induced gut barrier integrity damage, reduced circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and suppressed neuroinflammatory responses. Moreover, sesamin treatment also restructured the gut microbiome by enhancing the relative abundances of Bacteroidales and S24-7. The correlation analysis indicated that the microbiota composition changes were strongly correlated with behavioral disorders, serotonin, norepinephrine, and LPS levels. In conclusion, sesamin has preventive effects on stress-induced behavioral and psychological disorders, which might be highly related to the reshaped microbiota composition. This study provides a clue for understanding the systemic mechanism of anti-depression effects of sesamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Mengzhen Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yihang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yan Hui
- Department of Food Science , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen 1958 , Denmark
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture , BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen 518120 , China
| | - Junru Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Hongfei Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Shikai Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture , BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen 518120 , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
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88
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Tanaka Y, Uchi H, Furue M. Antioxidant cinnamaldehyde attenuates UVB-induced photoaging. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 96:151-158. [PMID: 31735467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation disrupts skin through several deleterious actions, such as induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, and collagen degradation. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is a major constituent of the cinnamon and it possesses potent antioxidative activity; however, it is unclear whether CIN is capable of inhibiting the adverse effects of UVB. OBJECTIVE To investigate protective effects of CIN against UVB-induced photodamage. METHODS HaCaT keratinocytes were pretreated with CIN, irradiated with UVB, and assessed for the ROS production by flow cytometry and for the DNA damage by ELISA. As in vivo mouse model, Hos:HR-1 hairless mice were treated with ointments containing DMSO or CIN and irradiated multiple times with UVB. After 10 weeks of irradiation, wrinkle formation, epidermal thickness, infiltrating cell number, malondialdehyde amount, collagen amount, MAP kinase signaling, and related gene expressions (Hmox1, Col1a1, Mmp1a, and Mmp13) were analyzed. RESULTS CIN significantly reduced the ROS production and accelerated the repair of DNA damage pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproducts in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes in vitro. In the mouse model, topical application of CIN significantly inhibited wrinkle formation, epidermal hyperplasia, and dermal inflammatory cell infiltration. The antioxidative process was significantly promoted in the CIN-applied site, as evidenced by upregulation of the antioxidative enzyme Hmox1 as well as the reduced accumulation of malondialdehyde. In addition, topical application of CIN normalized the UVB-induced collagen/Col1a1 downregulation and the UVB-induced Mmp13 upregulation, implying the prevention of UVB-induced collagen degradation. CONCLUSIONS CIN and CIN-containing herbal agents may exert potent protective effects against UVB exposure on skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, National Hospital organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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89
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Huang YC, Huang LT, Sheen JM, Hou CY, Yeh YT, Chiang CP, Lin IC, Tiao MM, Tsai CC, Lin YJ, Chen CC, Tain YL, Yu HR. Resveratrol treatment improves the altered metabolism and related dysbiosis of gut programed by prenatal high-fat diet and postnatal high-fat diet exposure. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 75:108260. [PMID: 31707285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A maternal high-fat (HF) diet sensitizes offspring to the adverse effects of postnatal HF intake and can lead to metabolic dysregulation. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes and red wine, could help to relieve metabolic syndrome dysregulation. Since the gut microbiota is known to be closely related to metabolic homeostasis, this study aimed to investigate the impact of a combination of maternal and postweaning HF diets on the gut microbiota and whether resveratrol could relieve the gut dysbiosis associated with metabolic dysregulation. Sprague-Dawley dams were sustained on either a chow or HF diet before mating, during pregnancy and during lactation. Their offspring were randomly fed chow or a HF diet after weaning. Four experimental groups were generated: CC (maternal/postnatal chow diet), HC (maternal HF/postnatal chow diet), CH (maternal chow/postnatal high-fat diet) and HH (maternal/postnatal HF diet). A fifth group consisted of HH with resveratrol treatment. We found that both maternal and postnatal HF exposure has a distinct effect on the gut microbiota metagenome of offspring. Maternal HF diet exposure decreased plasma acetate, propionate and butyrate level, while postnatal HF diet exposure decreased plasma acetate level in adult life. The metabolic dysregulation programed by the maternal and postnatal HF diets was related to the relevant gut microbiota. Resveratrol treatment ameliorated the altered plasma propionate level related to maternal HF and postnatal HF diet treatment. Resveratrol treatment also improved most of the altered metabolic dysregulation and related dysbiosis programmed by maternal and postnatal HF diet exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Po Chiang
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chou Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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90
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Sutili FJ, Kreutz LC, Flores FC, da Silva CDB, Kirsten KS, Voloski APDS, Frandoloso R, Pinheiro CG, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B. Effect of dietary supplementation with citral-loaded nanostructured systems on innate immune responses and gut microbiota of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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91
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Żary-Sikorska E, Fotschki B, Fotschki J, Wiczkowski W, Juśkiewicz J. Preparations from purple carrots containing anthocyanins improved intestine microbial activity, serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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92
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Monk JM, Wu W, Lepp D, Wellings HR, Hutchinson AL, Liddle DM, Graf D, Pauls KP, Robinson LE, Power KA. Navy bean supplemented high-fat diet improves intestinal health, epithelial barrier integrity and critical aspects of the obese inflammatory phenotype. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 70:91-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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93
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Aswathy YS, Anandaraman PV. Therapeutic influence of some dietary articles on gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis ( Amavata) - A review. Ayu 2019; 40:147-151. [PMID: 33281390 PMCID: PMC7685262 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_192_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Amavata is a chronic immune‑inflammatory systemic disorder caused by the formation of Ama and its association with Vata at Kaphasthana (joints) and can be simulated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Published evidences show that treatment indicated in Amavata is effective in RA. Increased inflammatory status in RA is suggestive of gut dysbiosis involving gut microbiota (GM). Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of diet on GM of RA patients based on Pathya (dietary advice) mentioned for Amavata. Materials and Methods: Laghutrayis such as Bhavaprakasha Samhita, Madhava Nidana and Sharangadhara Samhita, Bhaishajya Ratnavali and Nighantus (Sanskrit glossary) such as Raja Nighantu, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu and Yogaratnakara, Ashtanga Hridaya also different databases were reviewed for Pathya of Amavata. Different databases such as PubMed, Scopus, DHARA, Google Scholar, Science Direct were searched with research papers establishing the role of nonnutritive bioactive components in horse gram, barley, garlic, ginger, drumstick leaves, cow urine and buttermilk in the management of RA were also reviewed. It was found that Pathya influences on the GM by lowering or inhibiting inflammatory markers such as interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), 17 and leukotrines through Bowman‑Birk inhibitors and polyphenolic compounds. Among them, Takra is already a proven probiotic. Gomutra augments B and T lymphocytes, IL‑1 and IL‑2, strengthening the immune system. Conclusion: It was concluded that PathyaAhara mentioned for Amavata have a direct link with GM of RA patients. Even though the pharmacological actions have been clinically proven/practised, this review creates evidence for its scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Aswathy
- Department of Panchakarma, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kerala, India
| | - P V Anandaraman
- Department of Panchakarma, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kerala, India
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94
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Zhang L, Virgous C, Si H. Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of combined phytochemicals. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:19-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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95
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Li Y, Gao X, Lou Y. Interactions of tea polyphenols with intestinal microbiota and their implication for cellular signal conditioning mechanism. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12953. [PMID: 31368563 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols (TP) is the main functional substances in tea. It has been reported that TP can modulate the composition of gut microbes in the human body, in addition, after the bio-transformation by intestinal flora, the metabolites of TP also have positive effects on the health of the host. Lots of researches have shown that TP have possible therapeutic effect against high fat diet induced obesity, which is closely related to the gut flora of the host. Therefore, this review focused on the interactions of TP with intestinal microbiota and their implication for cellular signal conditioning mechanism that will enable us to better study the two-way effects of TP and intestinal microbiota on host health improvement. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: TP have been widely concerned for their health care properties. As the functional food components, TP have strong antioxidant and physiological activities for human body. A better understanding on the interactions of TP with intestinal microbiota and their implication for cellular signal conditioning mechanism will lead us to better evaluate the contribution of the microbial metabolites of TP, as well as the regulation of intestinal bacterial diversity and abundance for host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Yongjiang Lou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
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96
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Liu X, Zheng H, Lu R, Huang H, Zhu H, Yin C, Mo Y, Wu J, Liu X, Deng M, Li D, Cheng B, Wu F, Liang Y, Guo H, Song H, Su Z. Intervening Effects of Total Alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola Bunting on Rats With Antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Analyses. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1151. [PMID: 31214133 PMCID: PMC6555270 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by antibiotics is strongly connected with health concerns. Studying the mechanisms underlying antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis could help to identify effective drugs and prevent many serious diseases. In this study, in rats with antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis treated with total alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola Bunting (TACS), urinary and fecal biochemical changes and cecum microbial diversity were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and untargeted metabolomics. The microbial diversity results showed that 10 genera were disturbed by the antibiotic treatment, and two of them were obviously restored by TACS. The untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 34 potential biomarkers in urine and feces that may be the metabolites that are most related to the mechanisms underlying antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and the therapeutic effects of TACS treatment. The biomarkers were involved in six metabolic pathways, comprising pathways related to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), bile acid, arginine and proline, purine, aromatic amino acid, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. Notably, there was a strong correlation between these metabolic pathways and two gut microbiota genera (g__Blautia and g__Intestinibacter). The correlation analysis suggested that TACS might synergistically affect four of these metabolic pathways (BCAA, bile acid, arginine and proline, and purine metabolism), thereby modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Furthermore, we performed a molecular docking analysis involving simulating high-precision docking and using molecular pathway maps to illuminate the way that ligands (the five main alkaloid components of TACS) act on a complex molecular network, using CYP27A1 (a key enzyme in the bile acid synthesis pathway) as the target protein. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the intervening effects of TACS on the host metabolic phenotype and gut microbiome in rats with gut microbiota dysbiosis, and it presents new insights for the discovery of effective drugs and the best therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rigang Lu
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongjia Zhu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chunli Yin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiyi Mo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuwen Liu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning, China
| | - Danfeng Li
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning, China
| | - Bang Cheng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghong Liang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Song
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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97
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Natural Compounds against Cancer, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9495628. [PMID: 31211143 PMCID: PMC6532317 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9495628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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98
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González-Quilen C, Gil-Cardoso K, Ginés I, Beltrán-Debón R, Pinent M, Ardévol A, Terra X, Blay MT. Grape-Seed Proanthocyanidins are Able to Reverse Intestinal Dysfunction and Metabolic Endotoxemia Induced by a Cafeteria Diet in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050979. [PMID: 31035432 PMCID: PMC6567002 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological doses of grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in reversing intestinal barrier alterations and local inflammation in female Wistar rats fed a long-term obesogenic diet. Animals were fed a 17-week cafeteria diet (CAF diet), supplemented with daily GSPE doses (100 or 500 mg kg−1 body weight) during the final two weeks. CAF diet enhanced the intestinal permeation of an orally administered marker (ovalbumin, OVA) and increased the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in 2–3-fold. Ex vivo Ussing chamber assays showed a 55–70% reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and increased the TNF-α secretions in both small and large intestinal sections with a 25-fold increment in the ileum. Ileal tissues also presented a 4-fold increase of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Both GSPE-treatments were able to restitute TEER values in the ileum and colon and to reduce plasma LPS to basal levels without a dose-dependent effect. However, effects on the OVA permeation and TNF-α secretion were dose and section-specific. GSPE also reduced ileal MPO activity and upregulated claudin 1 gene expression. This study provides evidence of the efficacy of GSPE-supplementation ameliorating diet-induced intestinal dysfunction and metabolic endotoxemia when administered at the end of a long-term obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos González-Quilen
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Katherine Gil-Cardoso
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Iris Ginés
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Raúl Beltrán-Debón
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Pinent
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Anna Ardévol
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Ximena Terra
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - M Teresa Blay
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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99
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Wagdy R, Abdelkader RM, El-Khatib AH, Linscheid MW, Hamdi N, Handoussa H. Neuromodulatory Activity of Dietary Phenolics Derived from Corchorus olitorius L. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1012-1022. [PMID: 31017668 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dietary phenolics are known for their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, making them promising candidates for protection against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Hydroalcohol extract of Egyptian species of Corchorus olitorius L. (Co) leaves was investigated for its neuroprotective effects in a lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammatory mouse model. Twenty five metabolites were characterized from the bioactive extract using high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC/PDA/HRESI/MSn , revealing 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (Co11) as one of the major constituents (5.7%), which was isolated and its identity was confirmed by spectral data as first report. Co significantly protected microglia against H2 O2 -induced cytotoxicity and immunohistochemistry showed reduced expression of the astrocytic marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and the inflammatory marker, cyclooxygenase-2. These findings correlated with significant improvement of cognitive functions and reduction of LPS-induced neurodegeneration in Co-treated mice as revealed by histopathology. The current study shows promising effects of Co in limiting neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment caused by neuroinflammation and glial cell activation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Information presented here shed light on the promising effects of Corchorus olitorius (Co) for the modulation of neuroinflammatory pathways improving the neuroinflammation-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. This makes Co a promising candidate as a nutraceutical supplement to be used against neuroinflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Wagdy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biology, German Univ. in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham M Abdelkader
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German Univ. in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H El-Khatib
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.,Dept. of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nabila Hamdi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German Univ. in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biology, German Univ. in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Potential of phloroglucinol to improve erectile dysfunction associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2019; 17:282-287. [PMID: 31005601 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is a common metabolic disease with several complications in its patients. Often, people living with diabetes develop erectile dysfunction (ED). The primary aim of this work was to investigate the effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were given 52 mg/kg of streptozotocin, by intraperitoneal injection, to induce diabetes and ED. Subsequently, animals were grouped into three groups: group 1, diabetic control; group 2, low-dose phloroglucinol (150 mg/kg body weight); and group 3, high-dose phloroglucinol (250 mg/kg body weight). A group of six normal rats served as a normal control. The rats were treated with phloroglucinol for six weeks and then were assessed for treatment effects. Sexual behavior, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, serum testosterone, serum nitric oxide (NO), blood pressure and sperm count were measured after the end of treatment. RESULTS After a 6-week treatment period, the high dose of phloroglucinol significantly decreased HbA1c values in diabetic rats. Rats treated with phloroglucinol had increased serum testosterone, NO and sperm count. Animals treated with 250 mg/kg phloroglucinol performed similar to normal rats in the sexual behavioral study, suggesting the reversal of complications of ED. Conversely, a decrease in the blood pressure in treated groups was observed. CONCLUSION The results highlight the protective effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats warranting further studies.
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