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Hamann J, Aust G, Araç D, Engel FB, Formstone C, Fredriksson R, Hall RA, Harty BL, Kirchhoff C, Knapp B, Krishnan A, Liebscher I, Lin HH, Martinelli DC, Monk KR, Peeters MC, Piao X, Prömel S, Schöneberg T, Schwartz TW, Singer K, Stacey M, Ushkaryov YA, Vallon M, Wolfrum U, Wright MW, Xu L, Langenhan T, Schiöth HB. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIV. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:338-67. [PMID: 25713288 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Adhesion family forms a large branch of the pharmacologically important superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). As Adhesion GPCRs increasingly receive attention from a wide spectrum of biomedical fields, the Adhesion GPCR Consortium, together with the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification, proposes a unified nomenclature for Adhesion GPCRs. The new names have ADGR as common dominator followed by a letter and a number to denote each subfamily and subtype, respectively. The new names, with old and alternative names within parentheses, are: ADGRA1 (GPR123), ADGRA2 (GPR124), ADGRA3 (GPR125), ADGRB1 (BAI1), ADGRB2 (BAI2), ADGRB3 (BAI3), ADGRC1 (CELSR1), ADGRC2 (CELSR2), ADGRC3 (CELSR3), ADGRD1 (GPR133), ADGRD2 (GPR144), ADGRE1 (EMR1, F4/80), ADGRE2 (EMR2), ADGRE3 (EMR3), ADGRE4 (EMR4), ADGRE5 (CD97), ADGRF1 (GPR110), ADGRF2 (GPR111), ADGRF3 (GPR113), ADGRF4 (GPR115), ADGRF5 (GPR116, Ig-Hepta), ADGRG1 (GPR56), ADGRG2 (GPR64, HE6), ADGRG3 (GPR97), ADGRG4 (GPR112), ADGRG5 (GPR114), ADGRG6 (GPR126), ADGRG7 (GPR128), ADGRL1 (latrophilin-1, CIRL-1, CL1), ADGRL2 (latrophilin-2, CIRL-2, CL2), ADGRL3 (latrophilin-3, CIRL-3, CL3), ADGRL4 (ELTD1, ETL), and ADGRV1 (VLGR1, GPR98). This review covers all major biologic aspects of Adhesion GPCRs, including evolutionary origins, interaction partners, signaling, expression, physiologic functions, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Hamann
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Gabriela Aust
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Demet Araç
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Felix B Engel
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Caroline Formstone
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Robert Fredriksson
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Randy A Hall
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Breanne L Harty
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Christiane Kirchhoff
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Barbara Knapp
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Arunkumar Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Hsi-Hsien Lin
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - David C Martinelli
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Kelly R Monk
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Miriam C Peeters
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Simone Prömel
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Kathleen Singer
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Martin Stacey
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Yuri A Ushkaryov
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Mario Vallon
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Mathew W Wright
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Tobias Langenhan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.); Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories (G.A), and Institute of Biochemistry (I.L., S.P., T.S.), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.A.); Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.B.E.); MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (C.F.); Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (R.F., A.K., H.B.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (R.A.H.); Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (B.L.H., K.R.M.); Department for Andrology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (C.K.); Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany (B.K., U.W.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan (H.-H.L.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (D.C.M.) and Division of Hematology (M.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.C.P.); Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C.P., T.W.S.); Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (X.P., K.S.); Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom (M.S.); Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom (Y.A.U.); HUGO Gene Nomen
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