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Kristensen LK, Fröhlich C, Christensen C, Melander MC, Poulsen TT, Galler GR, Lantto J, Horak ID, Kragh M, Nielsen CH, Kjaer A. CD4 + and CD8a + PET imaging predicts response to novel PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor: studies of Sym021 in syngeneic mouse cancer models. Theranostics 2019; 9:8221-8238. [PMID: 31754392 PMCID: PMC6857046 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the outcome of immunotherapy is essential for efficient treatment. The recent clinical success of immunotherapy is increasingly changing the paradigm of cancer treatment. Accordingly, the development of immune-based agents is accelerating and the number of agents in the global immuno-oncology pipeline has grown 60-70% over the past year. However, despite remarkable clinical efficacy in some patients, only few achieve a lasting clinical response. Treatment failure can be attributed to poorly immunogenic tumors that do not attract tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Therefore, we developed positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers for non-invasive detection of CD4+ and CD8a+ TILs in syngeneic mouse tumor models for preclinical studies. Methods: Seven syngeneic mouse tumor models (B16F10, P815, CT26, MC38, Renca, 4T1, Sa1N) were quantified for CD4+ and CD8a+ TILs using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC), as well as for tumor growth response to Sym021, a humanized PD-1 antibody cross-reactive with mouse PD-1. Radiotracers were generated from F(ab)'2 fragments of rat-anti-mouse CD4 and CD8a antibodies conjugated to the p-SCN-Bn-Desferrioxamine (SCN-Bn-DFO) chelator and radiolabeled with Zirconium-89 (89Zr-DFO-CD4/89Zr-DFO-CD8a). Tracers were optimized for in vivo PET/CT imaging in CT26 tumor-bearing mice and specificity was evaluated by depletion studies and isotype control imaging. 89Zr-DFO-CD4 and 89Zr-DFO-CD8a PET/CT imaging was conducted in the panel of syngeneic mouse models prior to immunotherapy with Sym021. Results: Syngeneic tumor models were characterized as "hot" or "cold" according to number of TILs determined by flow cytometry and IHC. 89Zr-DFO-CD4 and 89Zr-DFO-CD8a were successfully generated with a radiochemical purity >99% and immunoreactivity >85%. The optimal imaging time-point was 24 hours post-injection of ~1 MBq tracer with 30 µg non-labeled co-dose. Reduced tumor and spleen uptake of 89Zr-DFO-CD8a was observed in CD8a+ depleted mice and the uptake was comparable with that of isotype control (89Zr-DFO-IgG2b) confirming specificity. PET imaging in syngeneic tumor models revealed a varying maximum tumor-to-heart ratio of 89Zr-DFO-CD4 and 89Zr-DFO-CD8a across tumor types and in-between subjects that correlated with individual response to Sym021 at day 10 relative to start of therapy (p=0.0002 and p=0.0354, respectively). The maximum 89Zr-DFO-CD4 tumor-to-heart ratio could be used to stratify mice according to Sym021 therapy response and overall survival was improved in mice with a 89Zr-DFO-CD4 ratio >9 (p=0.0018). Conclusion: We developed 89Zr-DFO-CD4 and 89Zr-DFO-CD8a PET radiotracers for specific detection and whole-body assessment of CD4+ and CD8a+ status. These radiotracers can be used to phenotype preclinical syngeneic mouse tumor models and to predict response to an immune checkpoint inhibitor. We foresee development of such non-invasive in vivo biomarkers for prediction and evaluation of clinical efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents, such as Sym021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte K. Kristensen
- Minerva Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Camilla Christensen
- Minerva Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carsten H. Nielsen
- Minerva Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hua S. Physiological and Pharmaceutical Considerations for Rectal Drug Formulations. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1196. [PMID: 31680970 PMCID: PMC6805701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the oral route is the most convenient route for drug administration, there are a number of circumstances where this is not possible from either a clinical or pharmaceutical perspective. In these cases, the rectal route may represent a practical alternative and can be used to administer drugs for both local and systemic actions. The environment in the rectum is considered relatively constant and stable and has low enzymatic activity in comparison to other sections of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, drugs can partially bypass the liver following systemic absorption, which reduces the hepatic first-pass effect. Therefore, rectal drug delivery can provide significant local and systemic levels for various drugs, despite the relatively small surface area of the rectal mucosa. Further development and optimization of rectal drug formulations have led to improvements in drug bioavailability, formulation retention, and drug release kinetics. However, despite the pharmaceutical advances in rectal drug delivery, very few of them have translated to the clinical phase. This review will address the physiological and pharmaceutical considerations influencing rectal drug delivery as well as the conventional and novel drug delivery approaches. The translational challenges and development aspects of novel formulations will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- Therapeutic Targeting Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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53
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Han W, Xie B, Li Y, Shi L, Wan J, Chen X, Wang H. Orally Deliverable Nanotherapeutics for the Synergistic Treatment of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Theranostics 2019; 9:7458-7473. [PMID: 31695780 PMCID: PMC6831307 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) poses substantial challenges for effective treatment. Currently, there is a considerable need for the development of orally bioavailable dosage forms that enable the safe and effective delivery of therapeutic drugs to local diseased lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Experimental Design: In this study, we developed orally deliverable nanotherapeutics for the synergistic treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and CAC. Water-insoluble curcumin (CUR) and 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), which served as anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents, respectively, were chemically engineered into hydrophilic mucoadhesive chitosan for the generation of chitosan-drug amphiphiles. Results: The resulting amphiphilic constructs formed core-shell nanostructures in aqueous solutions and were orally administered for in vivo therapeutic studies. Using a preclinical CAC mouse model, we showed that the orally delivered nanotherapeutics locally accumulated in inflamed intestinal regions and tumor tissues. Furthermore, the therapeutic synergy of the combined nanotherapeutics in CAC mice was evaluated. Compared with their individual drug forms, combined CUR and SN38 nanoparticles yielded synergistic effects to alleviate intestinal inflammation and protect mice from ulcerative colitis. Notably, the combinatorial therapy demonstrated a remarkable tumor shrinkage with only ~6% of the total tumors exceeding 4 mm in diameter, whereas ~35% of tumors were observed to exceed a diameter of 4 mm in the saline-treated CAC mice. These data suggest a new and reliable approach for improving the treatment of IBD and CAC. Conclusions: Our results showed that bioadhesive chitosan materials can be used to produce colloidal-stable nanotherapeutics that are suitable for oral delivery. Both nanotherapeutics exhibited substantial accumulation in inflamed intestinal regions and tumor tissues and showed good synergy for treating CAC, warranting further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Binbin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Medical Oncology; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Linlin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Jianqin Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
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Liu Y, Shi L, Zhu B, Su Y, Li H, Zhu X. Paclitaxel-tyroserleutide Conjugates Self-assembly into Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180803124625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The drug-drug self-assembly was considered as a simple and efficient approach
to prepare high drug loading nano-drug carriers and present new opportunities for cancer therapeutics.
The strategy of PTX amphiphiles preparation would be a possible way to solve the poor water solubility
of PTX.
Methods:
The PTX-YSL conjugate were synthesized and characterized. The PTX-YSL nanocarriers
was prepared by a simple self-assembly method. In vitro cell studies and pharmacokinetic studies were
evaluated for their in vitro anti-tumor activities and blood retention time.
Results:
The structures of PTX-YSL conjugate were confirmed by LC-MS, 1H NMR and FTIR. The
size and morphology of the PTX-YSL self-assembled nanocarriers were observed with TEM and DLS.
PTX-YSL nanocarriers could facilitate cellular uptake and had low cytotoxicity. PTX-YSL nanocarriers
have longer blood retention for enhancing accumulation in the tumor tissues via EPR effect.
Conclusion:
This drug delivery system formed by PTX-YSL conjugates constitutes a promising and
effective drug carrier in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Shi
- Instrumental Analysis Center, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Bangshang Zhu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Su
- Instrumental Analysis Center, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated 6th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
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Jagusiak A, Chłopaś K, Zemanek G, Jemioła-Rzemińska M, Piekarska B, Stopa B, Pańczyk T. Self-Assembled Supramolecular Ribbon-Like Structures Complexed to Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Possible Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092064. [PMID: 31027351 PMCID: PMC6539291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing an effective targeted anticancer drug delivery method is still a big challenge, since chemotherapeutics often cause a variety of undesirable side effects affecting normal tissues. This work presents the research on a novel system consisting of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), dispersed with Congo Red (CR), a compound that forms self-assembled ribbon-like structures (SRLS) and anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). SWNT provide a large surface for binding of planar aromatic compounds, including drugs, while CR supramolecular ribbon-like assemblies can be intercalated by drugs, like anthracycline rings containing DOX. The mechanism of interactions in SWNT–CR–DOX triple system was proposed based on electrophoretic, spectral, Dynamic Light Scattering and scanning electron microscopy analyzes. The profile of drug release from the investigated system was evaluated using dialysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The results indicate that ribbon-like supramolecular structures of CR bind to SWNT surface forming SWNT–CR complexes which finally bind DOX. The high amount of nanotube-bound CR greatly increases the capacity of the carrier for the drug. The high capacity for drug binding and possible control of its release (through pH changes) in the analyzed system may result in prolonged and localized drug action. The proposed SWNT–CR–DOX triple system meets the basic criteria that justifies its further research as a potential drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jagusiak
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Chłopaś
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Zemanek
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Barbara Piekarska
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Barbara Stopa
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Pańczyk
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland.
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Riediker M, Zink D, Kreyling W, Oberdörster G, Elder A, Graham U, Lynch I, Duschl A, Ichihara G, Ichihara S, Kobayashi T, Hisanaga N, Umezawa M, Cheng TJ, Handy R, Gulumian M, Tinkle S, Cassee F. Particle toxicology and health - where are we? Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:19. [PMID: 31014371 PMCID: PMC6480662 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particles and fibres affect human health as a function of their properties such as chemical composition, size and shape but also depending on complex interactions in an organism that occur at various levels between particle uptake and target organ responses. While particulate pollution is one of the leading contributors to the global burden of disease, particles are also increasingly used for medical purposes. Over the past decades we have gained considerable experience in how particle properties and particle-bio interactions are linked to human health. This insight is useful for improved risk management in the case of unwanted health effects but also for developing novel medical therapies. The concepts that help us better understand particles' and fibres' risks include the fate of particles in the body; exposure, dosimetry and dose-metrics and the 5 Bs: bioavailability, biopersistence, bioprocessing, biomodification and bioclearance of (nano)particles. This includes the role of the biomolecule corona, immunity and systemic responses, non-specific effects in the lungs and other body parts, particle effects and the developing body, and the link from the natural environment to human health. The importance of these different concepts for the human health risk depends not only on the properties of the particles and fibres, but is also strongly influenced by production, use and disposal scenarios. CONCLUSIONS Lessons learned from the past can prove helpful for the future of the field, notably for understanding novel particles and fibres and for defining appropriate risk management and governance approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Riediker
- Swiss Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (SCOEH), Binzhofstrasse 87, CH-8404 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zink
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Kreyling
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Munich Germany
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Alison Elder
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | | | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Biosciences, Allergy Cancer BioNano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard Handy
- School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - Mary Gulumian
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Haematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sally Tinkle
- Science and Technology Policy Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Flemming Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Studies (IRAS), Utrrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Zhong Y, Wang Y, Luo L, Nurhidayah D, Maruf A, Gregersen H, Wu W, Wang GX. Targeted polyethylenimine/(p53 plasmid) nanocomplexes for potential antitumor applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:145601. [PMID: 30524021 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf41a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of the tumor-targeting ability of nanocarriers is of paramount importance for gene delivery into tumor lesions as well as to avoid biotoxicity. Here we report the synthesis of the polyethyleneimine-fluorescein isothiocyanate-folic acid (PEI-FITC-FA) polymer, which could condense the tumor suppressor pp53 to form nanocomplexes. These targeted nanocomplexes exhibited favorable physical properties including a small size of <100 nm, exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect and tumor-targeting ability by binding to the overexpressed FA receptors on tumor cell surfaces. In addition, once the nanocomplexes are accumulating in the tumor tissue, the target functional ligand, FA, can selectively recognize the over-expressed FA receptor and subsequently remain on the tumor cell surface, which can significantly promote the tumor cell uptake because of the time- and concentration-dependent internalization caused by the enhanced interaction between nanocomplex and tumor cell. Our results indicated that PEI-FITC-FA/pp53 nanocomplexes could be efficiently delivered into tumor cells, and subsequently induce tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, the targeted cationic polymer PEI-FITC-FA could be used as an advanced nanocarrier for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
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Villaverde G, Baeza A. Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:168-181. [PMID: 30746311 PMCID: PMC6350877 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers has provided a powerful weapon in the fight against cancer. These nanocarriers are able to transport drugs that exhibit very different nature such as lipophilic or hydrophilic drugs and big macromolecules as proteins or RNA. Moreover, the external surface of these carriers can be decorated with different moieties with high affinity for specific membrane receptors of the tumoral cells to direct their action specifically to the malignant cells. The selectivity improvement yielded by these nanocarriers provided a significative enhancement in the efficacy of the transported drug, while the apparition of side effects in the host was reduced. Additionally, it is possible to incorporate targeting moieties selective for organelles of the cell, which improves even more the effect of the transported agents. In the last years, more sophisticated strategies such as the use of switchable, hierarchical or double targeting strategies have been proposed for overcoming some of the limitations of conventional targeting strategies. In this review, recent advances in the development of targeted nanoparticles will be described with the aim to present the current state of the art of this technology and its huge potential in the oncological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Villaverde
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Dpto. Materiales y Producción Aeroespacial, ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Mohebbi S, Tohidi Moghadam T, Nikkhah M, Behmanesh M. RGD-HK Peptide-Functionalized Gold Nanorods Emerge as Targeted Biocompatible Nanocarriers for Biomedical Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:13. [PMID: 30623264 PMCID: PMC6325059 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) have been nominated as a promising candidate for a variety of biological applications; however, the cationic surfactant layer that surrounds a nanostructure places limits on its biological applicability. Herein, CTAB-GNRs were functionalized via a ligand exchange method using a (C(HK)4-mini PEG-RGD)-peptide to target the overexpressed αvβ3 integrin in cancerous cells, increase the biocompatibility, and gain the ability of gene/drug delivery, simultaneously. To confirm an acceptable functionalization, UV-Visible, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy of nanostructures were done. MTT assay was applied to study the cytotoxicity of nanostructures on two cell lines, HeLa and MDA-MB-231, as positive and negative αvβ3 integrin receptors, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of peptide-functionalized GNRs (peptide-f-GNRs) was less than that of CTAB-coated GNRs (CTAB-GNRs) for both cell lines. Uptake of peptide-f-GNRs and CTAB-GNRs was evaluated in two cell lines, using dark-field imaging and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Peptide-f-GNRs showed a proper cell uptake on the HeLa rather than MDA-MB-231 cell line according to the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence in the peptide. The ability of peptide-f-GNRs to conjugate to antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) was also confirmed using zeta potential, which was due to the repeated HK (His-Lys) sequence inside the peptide. The result of these tests highlights the functionalization method as a convenient and cost-effective strategy for promising applications of targeted GNRs in the biological gene/drug delivery systems, and the repeated histidine-lysine pattern could be a useful carrier for negatively charged drug/gene delivery, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohameh Mohebbi
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Tohidi Moghadam
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikkhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
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Machelska H, Celik MÖ. Advances in Achieving Opioid Analgesia Without Side Effects. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1388. [PMID: 30555325 PMCID: PMC6282113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are the most effective drugs for the treatment of severe pain, but they also cause addiction and overdose deaths, which have led to a worldwide opioid crisis. Therefore, the development of safer opioids is urgently needed. In this article, we provide a critical overview of emerging opioid-based strategies aimed at effective pain relief and improved side effect profiles. These approaches comprise biased agonism, the targeting of (i) opioid receptors in peripheral inflamed tissue (by reducing agonist access to the brain, the use of nanocarriers, or low pH-sensitive agonists); (ii) heteromers or multiple receptors (by monovalent, bivalent, and multifunctional ligands); (iii) receptor splice variants; and (iv) endogenous opioid peptides (by preventing their degradation or enhancing their production by gene transfer). Substantial advancements are underscored by pharmaceutical development of new opioids such as peripheral κ-receptor agonists, and by treatments augmenting the action of endogenous opioids, which have entered clinical trials. Additionally, there are several promising novel opioids comprehensively examined in preclinical studies, but also strategies such as biased agonism, which might require careful rethinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Machelska
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melih Ö Celik
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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61
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Babakhanian M, Yang L, Nowroozi B, Saddik G, Boodaghians L, Blount P, Grundfest W. Effects of Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound on Liposomes Containing Channel proteins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17250. [PMID: 30467339 PMCID: PMC6250712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to reversibly and non-invasively modulate region-specific brain activity in vivo suggests Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU) as potential therapeutics for neurological dysfunctions such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. While in vivo studies provide evidence of the bioeffects of LIFU on neuronal activity, they merely hint at potential mechanisms but do not fully explain how this technology achieves these effects. One potential hypothesis is that LIFU produces local membrane depolarization by mechanically perturbing the neuronal cell membrane, or activating channels or other proteins embedded in the membrane. Proteins that sense mechanical perturbations of the membrane, such as those gated by membrane tension, are prime candidates for activating in response to LIFU and thus leading to the neurological responses that have been measured. Here we use the bacterial mechanosensitive channel MscL, which has been purified and reconstituted in liposomes, to determine how LIFU may affect the activation of this membrane-tension gated channel. Two bacterial voltage-gated channels, KvAP and NaK2K F92A channels were also studied. Surprisingly, the results suggest that ultrasound modulation and membrane perturbation does not induce channel gating, but rather induces pore formation at the membrane protein-lipid interface. However, in vesicles with high MscL mechanosensitive channel concentrations, apparent decreases in pore formation are observed, suggesting that this membrane-tension-sensitive protein may serve to increase the elasticity of the membrane, presumably because of expansion of the channel in the plane of the membrane independent of channel gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghedi Babakhanian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology (CASIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Limin Yang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-9040, USA
| | - Bryan Nowroozi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology (CASIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - George Saddik
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology (CASIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lilian Boodaghians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology (CASIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Paul Blount
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-9040, USA.
| | - Warren Grundfest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology (CASIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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62
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Hua S, de Matos MBC, Metselaar JM, Storm G. Current Trends and Challenges in the Clinical Translation of Nanoparticulate Nanomedicines: Pathways for Translational Development and Commercialization. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:790. [PMID: 30065653 PMCID: PMC6056679 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 479] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a major impact on human health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. One particular aspect of the nanomedicine field which has received a great deal of attention is the design and development of nanoparticulate nanomedicines (NNMs) for drug delivery (i.e., drug-containing nanoparticles). NNMs are intended to deliver drugs via various mechanisms: solubilization, passive targeting, active targeting, and triggered release. The NNM approach aims to increase therapeutic efficacy, decrease the therapeutically effective dose, and/or reduce the risk of systemic side effects. In order to move a NNM from the bench to the bedside, several experimental challenges need to be addressed. This review will discuss the current trends and challenges in the clinical translation of NNMs as well as the potential pathways for translational development and commercialization. Key issues related to the clinical development of NNMs will be covered, including biological challenges, large-scale manufacturing, biocompatibility and safety, intellectual property (IP), government regulations, and overall cost-effectiveness in comparison to current therapies. These factors can impose significant hurdles limiting the appearance of NNMs on the market, irrelevant of whether they are therapeutically beneficial or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- Therapeutic Targeting Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria B C de Matos
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josbert M Metselaar
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH University Clinic Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Imaging Division, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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63
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Mori da Cunha MGMC, Giacomazzi G, Callewaert G, Hympanova L, Russo F, Vande Velde G, Gijsbers R, Albersen M, Sampaolesi M, Deprest J. Fate of mesoangioblasts in a vaginal birth injury model: influence of the route of administration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10604. [PMID: 30006567 PMCID: PMC6045600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently cell therapy is considered as an experimental strategy to assist the healing process following simulated vaginal birth injury in rats, boosting the functional and morphologic recovery of pelvic floor muscles and nerves. However, the optimal administration route and dose still need to be determined. Mesangioblasts theoretically have the advantage that they can differentiate in skeletal and smooth muscle. We investigated the fate of mesoangioblasts transduced with luciferase and green fluorescent protein reporter genes (rMABseGFP/fLUC) using bioluminescence, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR in rats undergoing simulated birth injury. rMABseGFP/fLUC were injected locally, intravenously and intra-arterially (common iliacs and aorta). Intra-arterial delivery resulted in the highest amount of rMABseGFP/fLUC in the pelvic organs region and in a more homogeneous distribution over all relevant pelvic organs. Sham controls showed that the presence of the injury is important for recruitment of intra-arterially injected rMABseGFP/fLUC. Injection through the aorta or bilaterally in the common iliac arteries resulted in comparable numbers of rMABseGFP/fLUC in the pelvic organs, yet aortic injection was faster and gave less complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gabriela Monteiro Carvalho Mori da Cunha
- Centre for Surgical Technologies, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology Unit, Department Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geertje Callewaert
- Centre for Surgical Technologies, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Pelvic Floor Unit, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucie Hympanova
- Centre for Surgical Technologies, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Francesca Russo
- Centre for Surgical Technologies, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology Unit, Department Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Centre for Surgical Technologies, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Pelvic Floor Unit, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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64
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Yang LM, Zheng H, Ratnakar JS, Adebesin BY, Do QN, Kovacs Z, Blount P. Engineering a pH-Sensitive Liposomal MRI Agent by Modification of a Bacterial Channel. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704256. [PMID: 29638039 PMCID: PMC6140348 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MscL is a bacterial mechanosensitive channel that serves as a cellular emergency release valve, protecting the cell from lysis upon a drop in external osmolarity. The channel has an extremely large pore (30 Å) and can be purified and reconstituted into artificial membranes. Moreover, MscL is modified to open in response to alternative external stimuli including changes in pH. These properties suggest this channel's potential as a triggered "nanopore" for localized release of vesicular contents such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents and drugs. Toward this end, several variants of pH-triggered MscL nanovalves are engineered. Stealth vesicles previously been shown to evade normal in vivo clearance and passively accumulate in inflamed and malignant tissues are reconstituted. These vesicles are loaded with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid gadolinium complex (Gd-DOTA), an MRI contrast reagent, and the resulting nanodevices tested for their ability to release Gd-DOTA as evidenced by enhancement of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1 ) of the bulk water proton spins. Nanovalves that are responsive to physiological pH changes are identified, but differ in sensitivity and efficacy, thus giving an array of nanovalves that could potentially be useful in different settings. These triggered nanodevices may be useful in delivering both diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Yang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - James S Ratnakar
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Bukola Y Adebesin
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Quyen N Do
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zoltan Kovacs
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Paul Blount
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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65
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Lee H, Gaddy D, Ventura M, Bernards N, de Souza R, Kirpotin D, Wickham T, Fitzgerald J, Zheng J, Hendriks BS. Companion Diagnostic 64Cu-Liposome Positron Emission Tomography Enables Characterization of Drug Delivery to Tumors and Predicts Response to Cancer Nanomedicines. Theranostics 2018; 8:2300-2312. [PMID: 29721081 PMCID: PMC5928891 DOI: 10.7150/thno.21670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deposition of liposomal drugs into solid tumors is a potentially rate-limiting step for drug delivery and has substantial variability that may influence probability of response. Tumor deposition is a shared mechanism for liposomal therapeutics such that a single companion diagnostic agent may have utility in predicting response to multiple nanomedicines. Methods: We describe the development, characterization and preclinical proof-of-concept of the positron emission tomography (PET) agent, MM-DX-929, a drug-free untargeted 100 nm PEGylated liposome stably entrapping a chelated complex of 4-DEAP-ATSC and 64Cu (copper-64). MM-DX-929 is designed to mimic the biodistribution of similarly sized therapeutic agents and enable quantification of deposition in solid tumors. Results: MM-DX-929 demonstrated sufficient in vitro and in vivo stability with PET images accurately reflecting the disposition of liposome nanoparticles over the time scale of imaging. MM-DX-929 is also representative of the tumor deposition and intratumoral distribution of three different liposomal drugs, including targeted liposomes and those with different degrees of PEGylation. Furthermore, stratification using a single pre-treatment MM-DX-929 PET assessment of tumor deposition demonstrated that tumors with high MM-DX-929 deposition predicted significantly greater anti-tumor activity after multi-cycle treatments with different liposomal drugs. In contrast, MM-DX-929 tumor deposition was not prognostic in untreated tumor-bearing xenografts, nor predictive in animals treated with small molecule chemotherapeutics. Conclusions: These data illustrate the potential of MM-DX-929 PET as a companion diagnostic strategy to prospectively select patients likely to respond to liposomal drugs or nanomedicines of similar molecular size.
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66
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Martinez JO, Molinaro R, Hartman KA, Boada C, Sukhovershin R, De Rosa E, Kuri D, Zhang S, Evangelopoulos M, Carter AM, Bibb JA, Cooke JP, Tasciotti E. Biomimetic nanoparticles with enhanced affinity towards activated endothelium as versatile tools for theranostic drug delivery. Theranostics 2018; 8:1131-1145. [PMID: 29464004 PMCID: PMC5817115 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the vascular endothelium is characterized by increased expression of vascular adhesion molecules and chemokines. This activation occurs early in the progression of several diseases and triggers the recruitment of leukocytes. Inspired by the tropism of leukocytes, we investigated leukocyte-based biomimetic nanoparticles (i.e., leukosomes) as a novel theranostic platform for inflammatory diseases. Methods: Leukosomes were assembled by combining phospholipids and membrane proteins from leukocytes. For imaging applications, phospholipids modified with rhodamine and gadolinium were used. Leukosomes incubated with antibodies blocking lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and CD45 were administered to explore their roles in targeting inflammation. In addition, relaxometric assessment of NPs was evaluated. Results: Liposomes and leukosomes were both spherical in shape with sizes ranging from 140-170 nm. Both NPs successfully integrated 8 and 13 µg of rhodamine and gadolinium, respectively, and demonstrated less than 4% variation in physicochemical features. Leukosomes demonstrated a 16-fold increase in breast tumor accumulation relative to liposomes. Furthermore, quantification of leukosomes in tumor vessels demonstrated a 4.5-fold increase in vessel lumens and a 14-fold increase in vessel walls. Investigating the targeting mechanism of action revealed that blockage of LFA-1 on leukosomes resulted in a 95% decrease in tumor accumulation. Whereas blockage of CD45 yielded a 60% decrease in targeting and significant increases in liver and spleen accumulation. In addition, when administered in mice with atherosclerotic plaques, leukosomes exhibited a 4-fold increase in the targeting of inflammatory vascular lesions. Lastly, relaxometric assessment of NPs demonstrated that the incorporation of membrane proteins into leukosomes did not impact the r1 and r2 relaxivities of the NPs, demonstrating 6 and 30 mM-1s-1, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the ability of leukosomes to target activated vasculature and exhibit superior accumulation in tumors and vascular lesions. The versatility of the phospholipid backbone within leukosomes permits the incorporation of various contrast agents. Furthermore, leukosomes can potentially be loaded with therapeutics possessing diverse physical properties and thus warrant further investigation toward the development of powerful theranostic agents.
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67
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Abstract
Opioids are the most effective drugs for the treatment of severe pain, but they also cause addiction and overdose deaths, which have led to a worldwide opioid crisis. Therefore, the development of safer opioids is urgently needed. In this article, we provide a critical overview of emerging opioid-based strategies aimed at effective pain relief and improved side effect profiles. These approaches comprise biased agonism, the targeting of (i) opioid receptors in peripheral inflamed tissue (by reducing agonist access to the brain, the use of nanocarriers, or low pH-sensitive agonists); (ii) heteromers or multiple receptors (by monovalent, bivalent, and multifunctional ligands); (iii) receptor splice variants; and (iv) endogenous opioid peptides (by preventing their degradation or enhancing their production by gene transfer). Substantial advancements are underscored by pharmaceutical development of new opioids such as peripheral κ-receptor agonists, and by treatments augmenting the action of endogenous opioids, which have entered clinical trials. Additionally, there are several promising novel opioids comprehensively examined in preclinical studies, but also strategies such as biased agonism, which might require careful rethinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Machelska
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melih Ö Celik
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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68
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Jampílek J, Kráľová K. Benefits and Potential Risks of Nanotechnology Applications in Crop Protection. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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69
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Zhang M, Wang W, Cui Y, Zhou N, Shen J. Magnetofluorescent Carbon Quantum Dot Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Dual-Modal Targeted Imaging in Chemo-Photothermal Synergistic Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:151-162. [PMID: 33418685 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetofluorescent nanoparticles with diagnostic and therapeutic functions show great promise in nanomedicine. Here, we report the magnetofluorescent carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/doxorubicin (DOX) nanocomposites and their functions act in synergetic chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy (Chemo/PTT) in cancer excision. Magnetofluorescent CNTs conjugated with a folic acid (FA-GdN@CQDs-MWCNTs) were targets for dual-modal fluorescence (FL)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Experiments in vitro and in vivo identified FA-GdN@CQDs-MWCNTs with low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. Moreover, FA-GdN@CQDs-MWCNTs whose release can be fostered by pH and NIR light dual-stimuli had been proved to be available for loading DOX. Following nuclear translocations, FA-GdN@CQDs-MWCNTs were engineered to deliver DOX that targeted the nuclei. In vivo experiment indicates that the Chemo/PTT, as compared with the respective single treatment, can significantly control tumor growth. In addition, Chemo/PTT was not shown to render any appreciable toxicity. These findings suggest that the FA-GdN@CQDs-MWCNTs/DOX could function as a multifunctional platform for simultaneous FL/MR imaging, PTT therapy, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Biological Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Researche, Center for Biomedical Function Materials, Nanjing 210023, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United states
| | - Wentao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yingjun Cui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United states
| | - Ninglin Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Biological Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Researche, Center for Biomedical Function Materials, Nanjing 210023, China.,Nanjing Zhou Ninglin Advanced Materials Technology Company Limited, Nanjing 211505, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Biological Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Researche, Center for Biomedical Function Materials, Nanjing 210023, China
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70
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Yu J, Sun L, Zhou J, Gao L, Nan L, Zhao S, Peng T, Han L, Wang J, Lu W, Zhang L, Wang Y, Yan Z, Yu L. Self-Assembled Tumor-Penetrating Peptide-Modified Poly(l-γ-glutamylglutamine)–Paclitaxel Nanoparticles Based on Hydrophobic Interaction for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2823-2831. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jinge Zhou
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lipeng Gao
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Nan
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Shimin Zhao
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ting Peng
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department
of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of ZheJiang University, Shaoxing 312000, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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71
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Chen H, Zhang W, Zhu G, Xie J, Chen X. Rethinking cancer nanotheranostics. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2017; 2:17024. [PMID: 29075517 PMCID: PMC5654564 DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 694] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanoparticle synthesis and engineering have produced nanoscale agents affording both therapeutic and diagnostic functions that are often referred to by the portmanteau 'nanotheranostics'. The field is associated with many applications in the clinic, especially in cancer management. These include patient stratification, drug-release monitoring, imaging-guided focal therapy and post-treatment response monitoring. Recent advances in nanotheranostics have expanded this notion and enabled the characterization of individual tumours, the prediction of nanoparticle-tumour interactions, and the creation of tailor-designed nanomedicines for individualized treatment. Some of these applications require breaking the dogma that a nanotheranostic must combine both therapeutic and diagnostic agents within a single, physical entity; instead, it can be a general approach in which diagnosis and therapy are interwoven to solve clinical issues and improve treatment outcomes. In this Review, we describe the evolution and state of the art of cancer nanotheranostics, with an emphasis on clinical impact and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Chen
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Bio-imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Weizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Guizhi Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Bio-imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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72
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Zhang B, Song Y, Wang T, Yang S, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhang N, Garg S. Efficient co-delivery of immiscible hydrophilic/hydrophobic chemotherapeutics by lipid emulsions for improved treatment of cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2871-2886. [PMID: 28435264 PMCID: PMC5391159 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s129091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Combinational nanomedicine is becoming a topic of much interest in cancer therapy, although its translation into the clinic remains extremely challenging. One of the main obstacles lies in the difficulty to efficiently co-deliver immiscible hydrophilic/hydrophobic drugs into tumor sites. The aim of this study was to develop co-loaded lipid emulsions (LEs) to co-deliver immiscible hydrophilic/hydrophobic drugs to improve cancer therapy and to explore the co-delivery abilities between co-loaded LEs and mixture formulation. Multiple oxaliplatin/irinotecan drug–phospholipid complexes (DPCs) were formulated. Co-loaded LEs were prepared using DPC technique to efficiently encapsulate both drugs. Co-loaded LEs exhibited uniform particle size distribution, desired stability and synchronous release profiles in both drugs. Co-loaded LEs demonstrated superior anti-tumor activity compared with the simple solution mixture and the mixture of single-loaded LEs. Furthermore, co-loaded nanocarriers could co-deliver both drugs into the same cells more efficiently and exhibited the optimized synergistic effect. These results indicate that co-loaded LEs could be a desired formulation for enhanced cancer therapy with potential application prospects. The comparison between co-loaded LEs and mixture formulation is significant for pharmaceutical designs aimed at co-delivery of multiple drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunmei Song
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation and Development (CPID), School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation and Development (CPID), School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Lee H, Shields AF, Siegel BA, Miller KD, Krop I, Ma CX, LoRusso PM, Munster PN, Campbell K, Gaddy DF, Leonard SC, Geretti E, Blocker SJ, Kirpotin DB, Moyo V, Wickham TJ, Hendriks BS. 64Cu-MM-302 Positron Emission Tomography Quantifies Variability of Enhanced Permeability and Retention of Nanoparticles in Relation to Treatment Response in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4190-4202. [PMID: 28298546 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Therapeutic nanoparticles are designed to deliver their drug payloads through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) in solid tumors. The extent of EPR and its variability in human tumors is highly debated and has been proposed as an explanation for variable responses to therapeutic nanoparticles in clinical studies.Experimental Design: We assessed the EPR effect in patients using a 64Cu-labeled nanoparticle, 64Cu-MM-302 (64Cu-labeled HER2-targeted PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin), and imaging by PET/CT. Nineteen patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer underwent 2 to 3 PET/CT scans postadministration of 64Cu-MM-302 as part of a clinical trial of MM-302 plus trastuzumab with and without cyclophosphamide (NCT01304797).Results: Significant background uptake of 64Cu-MM-302 was observed in liver and spleen. Tumor accumulation of 64Cu-MM-302 at 24 to 48 hours varied 35-fold (0.52-18.5 %ID/kg), including deposition in bone and brain lesions, and was independent of systemic plasma exposure. Computational analysis quantified rates of deposition and washout, indicating peak liposome deposition at 24 to 48 hours. Patients were classified on the basis of 64Cu-MM-302 lesion deposition using a cut-off point that is comparable with a response threshold in preclinical studies. In a retrospective exploratory analysis of patient outcomes relating to drug levels in tumor lesions, high 64Cu-MM-302 deposition was associated with more favorable treatment outcomes (HR = 0.42).Conclusions: These findings provide important evidence and quantification of the EPR effect in human metastatic tumors and support imaging nanoparticle deposition in tumors as a potential means to identify patients well suited for treatment with therapeutic nanoparticles. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4190-202. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Lee
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | | | - Barry A Siegel
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kathy D Miller
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ian Krop
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cynthia X Ma
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Pamela N Munster
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Karen Campbell
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel F Gaddy
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Elena Geretti
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Victor Moyo
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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74
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Yao VJ, D'Angelo S, Butler KS, Theron C, Smith TL, Marchiò S, Gelovani JG, Sidman RL, Dobroff AS, Brinker CJ, Bradbury ARM, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Ligand-targeted theranostic nanomedicines against cancer. J Control Release 2016; 240:267-286. [PMID: 26772878 PMCID: PMC5444905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines have significant potential for cancer treatment. Although the majority of nanomedicines currently tested in clinical trials utilize simple, biocompatible liposome-based nanocarriers, their widespread use is limited by non-specificity and low target site concentration and thus, do not provide a substantial clinical advantage over conventional, systemic chemotherapy. In the past 20years, we have identified specific receptors expressed on the surfaces of tumor endothelial and perivascular cells, tumor cells, the extracellular matrix and stromal cells using combinatorial peptide libraries displayed on bacteriophage. These studies corroborate the notion that unique receptor proteins such as IL-11Rα, GRP78, EphA5, among others, are differentially overexpressed in tumors and present opportunities to deliver tumor-specific therapeutic drugs. By using peptides that bind to tumor-specific cell-surface receptors, therapeutic agents such as apoptotic peptides, suicide genes, imaging dyes or chemotherapeutics can be precisely and systemically delivered to reduce tumor growth in vivo, without harming healthy cells. Given the clinical applicability of peptide-based therapeutics, targeted delivery of nanocarriers loaded with therapeutic cargos seems plausible. We propose a modular design of a functionalized protocell in which a tumor-targeting moiety, such as a peptide or recombinant human antibody single chain variable fragment (scFv), is conjugated to a lipid bilayer surrounding a silica-based nanocarrier core containing a protected therapeutic cargo. The functionalized protocell can be tailored to a specific cancer subtype and treatment regimen by exchanging the tumor-targeting moiety and/or therapeutic cargo or used in combination to create unique, theranostic agents. In this review, we summarize the identification of tumor-specific receptors through combinatorial phage display technology and the use of antibody display selection to identify recombinant human scFvs against these tumor-specific receptors. We compare the characteristics of different types of simple and complex nanocarriers, and discuss potential types of therapeutic cargos and conjugation strategies. The modular design of functionalized protocells may improve the efficacy and safety of nanomedicines for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia J Yao
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Sara D'Angelo
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Kimberly S Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Christophe Theron
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Tracey L Smith
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Serena Marchiò
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, 10060, Italy
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Andrey S Dobroff
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Self-Assembled Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
| | - Andrew R M Bradbury
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratories, Los Alamos, NM, 87545
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131.
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75
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Hu D, Mezghrani O, Zhang L, Chen Y, Ke X, Ci T. GE11 peptide modified and reduction-responsive hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles induced higher efficacy of doxorubicin for breast carcinoma therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5125-5147. [PMID: 27785019 PMCID: PMC5066865 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel breast carcinoma dual-targeted redox-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) based on cholesteryl-hyaluronic acid conjugates were designed for intracellular delivery of the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX). A series of reduction-responsive hyaluronic acid derivatives grafted with hydrophobic cholesteryl moiety (HA-ss-Chol) and GE11 peptide conjugated HA-ss-Chol (GE11-HA-ss-Chol) were synthesized. The obtained conjugates showed attractive self-assembly characteristics and high drug loading capacity. GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs were highly stable under conditions mimicking normal physiological conditions, while showing a fast degradation of the vehicle's structure and accelerating the drug release dramatically in the presence of intracellular reductive environment. Furthermore, the cellular uptake assay confirmed GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs were taken up by MDA-MB-231 cells through CD44- and epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated endocytosis. The internalization pathways of GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs might involve clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. The intracellular distribution of DOX in GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs showed a faster release and more efficient nuclear delivery than the insensitive control. Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity of GE11-HA-ss-Chol DOX-NPs further confirmed the superiority of their dual-targeting and redox-responsive capacity. Moreover, in vivo imaging investigation in MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice confirmed that GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide, a near-infrared fluorescence dye, possessed a preferable tumor accumulation ability as compared to the single-targeting counterpart (HA-ss-Chol NPs). The antitumor efficacy showed an improved therapy efficacy and lower systemic side effect. These results suggest GE11-HA-ss-Chol NPs provide a good potential platform for antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrong Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Omar Mezghrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Ke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyuan Ci
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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76
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Verma P, Prajapati SK, Yadav R, Senyschyn D, Shea PR, Trevaskis NL. Single Intravenous Dose of Novel Flurbiprofen-Loaded Proniosome Formulations Provides Prolonged Systemic Exposure and Anti-inflammatory Effect. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3688-3699. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Verma
- Drug
Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil K. Prajapati
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajbharan Yadav
- Drug
Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Danielle Senyschyn
- Drug
Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter R. Shea
- Anaesthetic Group Ballarat, 6 Drummond
Street, North Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Natalie L. Trevaskis
- Drug
Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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77
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Targeted Therapy for Acute Autoimmune Myocarditis with Nano-Sized Liposomal FK506 in Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160944. [PMID: 27501378 PMCID: PMC4976871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive agents are used for the treatment of immune-mediated myocarditis; however, the need to develop a more effective therapeutic approach remains. Nano-sized liposomes may accumulate in and selectively deliver drugs to an inflammatory lesion with enhanced vascular permeability. The aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of liposomal FK506, an immunosuppressive drug encapsulated within liposomes, and the drug’s effects on cardiac function in a rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) model. We prepared polyethylene glycol-modified liposomal FK506 (mean diameter: 109.5 ± 4.4 nm). We induced EAM by immunization with porcine myosin and assessed the tissue distribution of the nano-sized beads and liposomal FK506 in this model. After liposomal or free FK506 was administered on days 14 and 17 after immunization, the cytokine expression in the rat hearts along with the histological findings and hemodynamic parameters were determined on day 21. Ex vivo fluorescent imaging revealed that intravenously administered fluorescent-labeled nano-sized beads had accumulated in myocarditic but not normal hearts on day 14 after immunization and thereafter. Compared to the administration of free FK506, FK506 levels were increased in both the plasma and hearts of EAM rats when liposomal FK506 was administered. The administration of liposomal FK506 markedly suppressed the expression of cytokines, such as interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in the myocardium on day 21 compared to free FK506. The administration of liposomal FK506 also markedly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction on day 21 compared to free FK506. Nano-sized liposomes may be a promising drug delivery system for targeting myocarditic hearts with cardioprotective agents.
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78
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Nascimento AV, Gattacceca F, Singh A, Bousbaa H, Ferreira D, Sarmento B, Amiji MM. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of Mad2 siRNA-loaded EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles in cisplatin sensitive and resistant lung cancer models. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:767-81. [PMID: 26980454 PMCID: PMC4910968 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.16.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study focuses on biodistribution profile and pharmacokinetic parameters of EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles (TG CS nanoparticles) for siRNA/cisplatin combination therapy of lung cancer. MATERIAL & METHODS Mad2 siRNA was encapsulated in EGFR targeted and nontargeted (NTG) CS nanoparticles by electrostatic interaction. The biodistribution of the nanoparticles was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively in cisplatin (DDP) sensitive and resistant lung cancer xenograft model. RESULTS TG nanoparticles showed a consistent and preferential tumor targeting ability with rapid clearance from the plasma to infiltrate and sustain within the tumor up to 96 h. They exhibit a sixfold higher tumor targeting efficiency compared with the NTG nanoparticles. CONCLUSION TG nanoparticles present as an attractive drug delivery platform for RNAi therapeutics against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vanessa Nascimento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florence Gattacceca
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier IRCM, INSERM U1194, ICM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Domingos Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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79
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Theek B, Baues M, Ojha T, Möckel D, Veettil SK, Steitz J, van Bloois L, Storm G, Kiessling F, Lammers T. Sonoporation enhances liposome accumulation and penetration in tumors with low EPR. J Control Release 2016; 231:77-85. [PMID: 26878973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect is a highly variable phenomenon. To enhance EPR-mediated passive drug targeting to tumors, several different pharmacological and physical strategies have been evaluated over the years, including e.g. TNFα-treatment, vascular normalization, hyperthermia and radiotherapy. Here, we systematically investigated the impact of sonoporation, i.e. the combination of ultrasound (US) and microbubbles (MB), on the tumor accumulation and penetration of liposomes. Two different MB formulations were employed, and their ability to enhance liposome accumulation and penetration was evaluated in two different tumor models, which are both characterized by relatively low levels of EPR (i.e. highly cellular A431 epidermoid xenografts and highly stromal BxPC-3 pancreatic carcinoma xenografts). The liposomes were labeled with two different fluorophores, enabling in vivo computed tomography/fluorescence molecular tomography (CT-FMT) and ex vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM). In both models, in spite of relatively high inter- and intra-individual variability, a trend towards improved liposome accumulation and penetration was observed. In treated tumors, liposome concentrations were up to twice as high as in untreated tumors, and sonoporation enhanced the ability of liposomes to extravasate out of the blood vessels into the tumor interstitium. These findings indicate that sonoporation may be a useful strategy for improving drug targeting to tumors with low EPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Theek
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maike Baues
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tarun Ojha
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Diana Möckel
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Seena Koyadan Veettil
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Clinic, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Steitz
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Clinic, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Louis van Bloois
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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80
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Zhao H, Wang S, Nguyen SN, Elci SG, Kaltashov IA. Evaluation of Nonferrous Metals as Potential In Vivo Tracers of Transferrin-Based Therapeutics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:211-9. [PMID: 26392277 PMCID: PMC4724545 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Transferrin (Tf) is a promising candidate for targeted drug delivery. While development of such products is impossible without the ability to monitor biodistribution of Tf-drug conjugates in tissues and reliable measurements of their levels in blood and other biological fluids, the presence of very abundant endogenous Tf presents a significant impediment to such efforts. Several noncognate metals have been evaluated in this work as possible tracers of exogenous transferrin in complex biological matrices using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) as a detection tool. Placing Ni(II) on a His-tag of recombinant Tf resulted in formation of a marginally stable protein-metal complex, which readily transfers the metal to ubiquitous physiological scavengers, such as serum albumin. An alternative strategy targeted iron-binding pockets of Tf, where cognate Fe(III) was replaced by metal ions known to bind this protein. Both Ga(III) and In(III) were evaluated, with the latter being vastly superior as a tracer (stronger binding to Tf unaffected by the presence of metal scavengers and the retained ability to associate with Tf receptor). Spiking serum with indium-loaded Tf followed by ICP MS detection demonstrated that protein quantities as low as 0.04 nM can be readily detected in animal blood. Combining laser ablation with ICP MS detection allows distribution of exogenous Tf to be mapped within animal tissue cross-sections with spatial resolution exceeding 100 μm. The method can be readily extended to a range of other therapeutics where metalloproteins are used as either carriers or payloads. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Shunhai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Son N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - S Gokhan Elci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Igor A Kaltashov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Miao L, Lin CM, Huang L. Stromal barriers and strategies for the delivery of nanomedicine to desmoplastic tumors. J Control Release 2015; 219:192-204. [PMID: 26277065 PMCID: PMC4656082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle based delivery formulations have become a leading delivery strategy for cancer imaging and therapy. The success of nanoparticle-based therapy relies heavily on their ability to utilize the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and active targeting moieties to their advantage. However, these methods often fail to enable a uniform NP distribution across the tumor, and lead to insufficient local concentrations of drug. Oftentimes, this heterogeneous drug distribution is one of the primary reasons for suboptimal treatment efficacy in NP delivery platforms. Herein, we seek to examine the biophysical causes of heterogeneous NP distribution in stroma-rich desmoplastic tumors; namely the abnormal tumor vasculature, deregulated extracellular matrix and high interstitial hypertension associated with these tumors. It is suggested that these factors help explain the discrepancy between promising outlooks for many NP formulations in preclinical studies, but suboptimal clinical outcomes for most FDA approved nanoformulations. Furthermore, examination into the role of the physicochemical properties of NPs on successful drug delivery was conducted in this review. In light of the many formidable barriers against successful NP drug delivery, we provided possible approaches to mitigate delivery issues from the perspective of stromal remodeling and NP design. In all, this review seeks to provide guidelines for optimizing nanoparticle-based cancer drug delivery through both modified nanoparticle design and alleviation of biological barriers to successful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - C Michael Lin
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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82
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Sercombe L, Veerati T, Moheimani F, Wu SY, Sood AK, Hua S. Advances and Challenges of Liposome Assisted Drug Delivery. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:286. [PMID: 26648870 PMCID: PMC4664963 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1362] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of liposomes to assist drug delivery has already had a major impact on many biomedical areas. They have been shown to be beneficial for stabilizing therapeutic compounds, overcoming obstacles to cellular and tissue uptake, and improving biodistribution of compounds to target sites in vivo. This enables effective delivery of encapsulated compounds to target sites while minimizing systemic toxicity. Liposomes present as an attractive delivery system due to their flexible physicochemical and biophysical properties, which allow easy manipulation to address different delivery considerations. Despite considerable research in the last 50 years and the plethora of positive results in preclinical studies, the clinical translation of liposome assisted drug delivery platforms has progressed incrementally. In this review, we will discuss the advances in liposome assisted drug delivery, biological challenges that still remain, and current clinical and experimental use of liposomes for biomedical applications. The translational obstacles of liposomal technology will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sercombe
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle Callaghan, NSW, Australia ; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Australia
| | - Tejaswi Veerati
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fatemeh Moheimani
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle Callaghan, NSW, Australia ; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Australia
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA ; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Hua
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle Callaghan, NSW, Australia ; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights NSW, Australia
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83
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Baetke SC, Lammers T, Kiessling F. Applications of nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150207. [PMID: 25969868 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, a plethora of nanoparticles have been developed and evaluated and a real hype has been created around their potential application as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Despite their suggestion as potential diagnostic agents, only a single diagnostic nanoparticle formulation, namely iron oxide nanoparticles, has found its way into clinical routine so far. This fact is primarily due to difficulties in achieving appropriate pharmacokinetic properties and a reproducible synthesis of monodispersed nanoparticles. Furthermore, concerns exist about their biodegradation, elimination and toxicity. The majority of nanoparticle formulations that are currently routinely used in the clinic are used for therapeutic purposes. These therapeutic nanoparticles aim to more efficiently deliver a (chemo-) therapeutic drug to the pathological site, while avoiding its accumulation in healthy organs and tissues, and are predominantly based on the "enhanced permeability and retention" (EPR) effect. Furthermore, based on their ability to integrate diagnostic and therapeutic entities within a single nanoparticle formulation, nanoparticles hold great promise for theranostic purposes and are considered to be highly useful for personalizing nanomedicine-based treatments. In this review article, we present applications of diagnostic and therapeutic nanoparticles, summarize frequently used non-invasive imaging techniques and describe the role of EPR in the accumulation of nanotheranostic formulations. In this context, the clinical potential of nanotheranostics and image-guided drug delivery for individualized and improved (chemo-) therapeutic interventions is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Baetke
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Lammers
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - F Kiessling
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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84
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Jampilek J, Zaruba K, Oravec M, Kunes M, Babula P, Ulbrich P, Brezaniova I, Opatrilova R, Triska J, Suchy P. Preparation of silica nanoparticles loaded with nootropics and their in vivo permeation through blood-brain barrier. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:812673. [PMID: 26075264 PMCID: PMC4449887 DOI: 10.1155/2015/812673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier prevents the passage of many drugs that target the central nervous system. This paper presents the preparation and characterization of silica-based nanocarriers loaded with piracetam, pentoxifylline, and pyridoxine (drugs from the class of nootropics), which are designed to enhance the permeation of the drugs from the circulatory system through the blood-brain barrier. Their permeation was compared with non-nanoparticle drug substances (bulk materials) by means of an in vivo model of rat brain perfusion. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The content of the drug substances in silica-based nanocarriers was analysed by elemental analysis and UV spectrometry. Microscopic analysis of visualized silica nanocarriers in the perfused brain tissue was performed. The concentration of the drug substances in the tissue was determined by means of UHPLC-DAD/HRMS LTQ Orbitrap XL. It was found that the drug substances in silica-based nanocarriers permeated through the blood brain barrier to the brain tissue, whereas bulk materials were not detected in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Zaruba
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Centre AS CR, Belidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kunes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ulbrich
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid Brezaniova
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Opatrilova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Triska
- Global Change Research Centre AS CR, Belidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Suchy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
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85
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Sun H, Zu Y. Aptamers and their applications in nanomedicine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:2352-64. [PMID: 25677591 PMCID: PMC4441590 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are composed of short RNA or single-stranded DNA sequences that, when folded into their unique 3D conformation, can bind to their targets with high specificity and affinity. Although functionally similar to protein antibodies, oligonucleotide aptamers offer several advantages over protein antibodies in biomedical and clinical applications. Through the enhanced permeability and retention effect, nanomedicines can improve the therapeutic index of a treatment and reduce side effects by enhancing accumulation at the disease site. However, this targets tumors passively and, thus, may not be ideal for targeted therapy. To construct ligand-directed "active targeting" nanobased delivery systems, aptamer-equipped nanomedicines have been tested for in vitro diagnosis, in vivo imaging, targeted cancer therapy, theranostic approaches, sub-cellular molecule detection, food safety, and environmental monitoring. This review focuses on the development of aptamer-conjugated nanomedicines and their application for in vivo imaging, targeted therapy, and theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Youli Zu
- Corresponding authors: Youli Zu, MD, PhD.
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86
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Li L, Huh KM. Polymeric nanocarrier systems for photodynamic therapy. Biomater Res 2014; 18:19. [PMID: 26331070 PMCID: PMC4552462 DOI: 10.1186/2055-7124-18-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging treatment modality that involves the combined action of photosensitizers (PSs) and light for treatment of solid tumor and other diseases. Although this therapeutic method has been considered as an alternative to classical cancer treatments, clinical PDT requires further advances in selectivity and therapeutic efficacy to overcome numerous shortages related to conventional PDT. In this regard, great efforts have been devoted to the development of polymeric nanocarrier-encapsulated PSs for targeted PDT, aiming at improvement of water solubility and tumor-specificity of hydrophobic PSs. Here, we discuss the general concepts and considerations of polymeric nanocarriers for efficient delivery of PSs. In recent, the amphiphilic PS-polymer conjugate-based self-quenchable nanoparticles and PS-polymer-conjugate/quencher nanocomplexes have emerged as an attractive delivery platform for efficient and reliable PDT. They can incorporate and deliver the PS in a photodynamically inactive state but demonstrate cytotoxic effects by tumor environment-sensitive activation mechanisms, so that the photodynamic cancer treatment can achieve maximum target specificity. Here, we report the recent achievements on the development of activatable PS formulations based on PS-polymer conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Moo Huh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
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87
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Vaculikova E, Placha D, Pisarcik M, Peikertova P, Dedkova K, Devinsky F, Jampilek J. Preparation of risedronate nanoparticles by solvent evaporation technique. Molecules 2014; 19:17848-61. [PMID: 25375330 PMCID: PMC6271162 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191117848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One approach for the enhancement of oral drug bioavailability is the technique of nanoparticle preparation. Risedronate sodium (Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class III) was chosen as a model compound with high water solubility and low intestinal permeability. Eighteen samples of risedronate sodium were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with sodium dodecyl sulfate, polysorbate, macrogol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl dextran as nanoparticle stabilizers applied in three concentrations. The prepared samples were characterized by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy was used for verification of the composition of the samples. The particle size of sixteen samples was less than 200 nm. Polysorbate, sodium carboxymethyl dextran and macrogol were determined as the most favourable excipients; the particle size of the samples of risedronate with these excipients ranged from 2.8 to 10.5 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Vaculikova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1/3, Brno 61242, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Placha
- Nanotechnology Centre, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pisarcik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinciakova 8, Bratislava 83232, Slovakia
| | - Pavlina Peikertova
- Nanotechnology Centre, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Dedkova
- Nanotechnology Centre, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic
| | - Ferdinand Devinsky
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Kalinciakova 8, Bratislava 83232, Slovakia
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1/3, Brno 61242, Czech Republic.
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