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De Leo S, Trevisan M, Fugazzola L. Recent advances in the management of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Thyroid Res 2020; 13:17. [PMID: 33292371 PMCID: PMC7684758 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-020-00091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is undoubtedly the thyroid cancer histotype with the poorest prognosis. The conventional treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy, and conventional chemotherapy. Surgery should be as complete as possible, securing the airway and ensuring access for nutritional support; the current standard of care of radiotherapy is the intensity-modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy includes the use of doxorubicin or taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) generally with platin (cisplatin or carboplatin). However, frequently, these treatments are not sufficient and a systemic treatment with kinase inhibitors is necessary. These include multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Lenvatinib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib, Axitinib, Pazopanib, Pyrazolo-pyrimidine compounds), single target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Dabrafenib plus Trametinib and Vemurafenib against BRAF, Gefitinib against EGFR, PPARγ ligands (e.g. Efatutazone), Everolimus against mTOR, vascular disruptors (e.g. Fosbretabulin), and immunotherapy (e.g. Spartalizumab and Pembrolizumab, which are anti PD-1/PD-L1 molecules). Therapy should be tailored to the patients and to the tumor genetic profile. A BRAF mutation analysis is mandatory, but a wider evaluation of tumor mutational status (e.g. by next-generation sequencing) is desirable. When a BRAFV600E mutation is detected, treatment with Dabrafenib and Trametinib should be preferred: this combination has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic ATC with BRAFV600E mutation and with no satisfactory locoregional treatment options. Alternatively, Lenvatinib, regardless of mutational status, reported good results and was approved in Japan for treating unresectable tumors. Other single target mutation agents with fair results are Everolimus when a mutation involving the PI3K/mTOR pathway is detected, Imatinib in case of PDGF-receptors overexpression, and Spartalizumab in case of PD-L1 positive tumors. Several trials are currently evaluating the possible beneficial role of a combinatorial therapy in ATC. Since in this tumor several genetic alterations are usually found, the aim is to inhibit or disrupt several pathways: these combination strategies use therapy targeting angiogenesis, survival, proliferation, and may act against both MAPK and PI3K pathways. Investigating new treatment options is eagerly awaited since, to date, even the molecules with the best radiological results have not been able to provide a durable disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone De Leo
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia, 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Trevisan
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia, 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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52
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Sunitinib-Containing Carborane Pharmacophore with the Ability to Inhibit Tyrosine Kinases Receptors FLT3, KIT and PDGFR-β, Exhibits Powerful In Vivo Anti-Glioblastoma Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113423. [PMID: 33218150 PMCID: PMC7698965 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive central nervous system tumors. Combinations of therapies, such as tyrosine kinase receptor inhibition and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), could offer greater patients benefits over single-therapies. The aim of our study was to assess the potential of sunitinib-carborane hybrid compound 1 as an anti-glioblastoma agent. We confirmed for 1 the ability to inhibit tyrosine kinase receptors, which could promote canonical and non-canonical effects, absence of mutagenicity, ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, and powerful in vivo anti-glioblastoma activity. The overall attractive profile of 1 makes it an interesting compound for a bimodal therapeutic strategy against high grade gliomas. Abstract Malignant gliomas are the most common malignant and aggressive primary brain tumors in adults, the prognosis being—especially for glioblastomas—extremely poor. There are no effective treatments yet. However, tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) inhibitors and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), together, have been proposed as future therapeutic strategies. In this sense in our ongoing project of developing new anti-glioblastoma drugs, we identified a sunitinib-carborane hybrid agent, 1, with both in vitro selective cytotoxicity and excellent BNCT-behavior. Consequently, we studied the ability of compound 1 to inhibit TKRs, its promotion of cellular death processes, and its effects on the cell cycle. Moreover, we analyzed some relevant drug-like properties of 1, i.e., mutagenicity and ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. These results encouraged us to perform an in vivo anti-glioblastoma proof of concept assay. It turned out to be a selective FLT3, KIT, and PDGFR-β inhibitor and increased the apoptotic glioma-cell numbers and arrested sub-G1-phase cell cycle. Its in vivo activity in immunosuppressed mice bearing U87 MG human glioblastoma evidenced excellent anti-tumor behavior.
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53
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Sneeggen M, Guadagno NA, Progida C. Intracellular Transport in Cancer Metabolic Reprogramming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:597608. [PMID: 33195279 PMCID: PMC7661548 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.597608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression is a complex process consisting of several steps characterized by alterations in cellular behavior and morphology. These steps include uncontrolled cell division and proliferation, invasiveness and metastatic ability. Throughout these phases, cancer cells encounter a changing environment and a variety of metabolic stress. To meet their needs for energy while they proliferate and survive in their new environment, tumor cells need to continuously fine-tune their metabolism. The connection between intracellular transport and metabolic reprogramming during cancer progression is emerging as a central process of cellular adaptation to these changes. The trafficking of proteolytic enzymes, surface receptors, but also the regulation of downstream pathways, are all central to cancer progression. In this review, we summarize different hallmarks of cancer with a special focus on the role of intracellular trafficking in cell proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition as well as invasion. We will further emphasize how intracellular trafficking contributes to the regulation of energy consumption and metabolism during these steps of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Sneeggen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Cinzia Progida
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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54
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Couto M, Alamón C, Nievas S, Perona M, Dagrosa MA, Teixidor F, Cabral P, Viñas C, Cerecetto H. Bimodal Therapeutic Agents Against Glioblastoma, One of the Most Lethal Forms of Cancer. Chemistry 2020; 26:14335-14340. [PMID: 32738078 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
About 95 % of people diagnosed with glioblastoma die within five years. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive central nervous system tumour. It is necessary to make progress in the glioblastoma treatment so that advanced chemotherapy drugs or radiation therapy or, ideally, two-in-one hybrid systems should be implemented. Tyrosine kinase receptors-inhibitors and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), together, could provide a therapeutic strategy. In this work, sunitinib decorated-carborane hybrids were prepared and biologically evaluated identifying excellent antitumoral- and BNCT-agents. One of the selected hybrids was studied against glioma-cells and found to be 4 times more cytotoxic than sunitinib and 1.7 times more effective than 10 B-boronophenylalanine fructose complex when the cells were irradiated with neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Couto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Catalina Alamón
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Susana Nievas
- Department of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Perona
- Department of Radiobiology, CNEA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabral
- Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares (CIN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares (CIN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
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55
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Iqbal S, Rasheed H, Awan RJ, Awan RJ, Mukhtar A, Moloney MG. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Pyrroles. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200528125651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrroles are the most prevalent heterocyclic compounds, which are present as the basic cores in
many natural products, such as vitamin B12, bile pigments like bilirubin and biliverdin, the porphyrins of
heme, chlorophyll, chlorins, bacteriochlorins, and porphyrinogens. The biological activities of compounds
having pyrrole analogs include antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal), anti-cancer (anti-cytotoxic, antimitotic),
anti-tumor, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antiproliferative,
anti-HIV and anti-viral activities. Accordingly, significant attention has been paid to develop competent
methods for the synthesis of pyrroles with improved yields in short times. This review gives an overview of
different methods for the synthesis of pyrrole using easily available precursors using the following routes.
Synthesis of monosubstituted pyrrole using 2,5-dimethoxyfuran
Synthesis of pyrrole using dialkylacetylene dicarboxylate
Synthesis of pyrroles using β-ketoester
Synthesis of pyrrole using 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds
Synthesis of pyrroles using 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds
Synthesis of pyrroles using 1,3-dicarbonyl, amine, nitro and aldehyde group
Synthesis of pyrroles using 1,4-dicarbonyl compound and amines
Synthesis of pyrrole using enones
Synthesis of pyrroles using moieties having acetylene group
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarosh Iqbal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Rasheed
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabiya Javed Awan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ramsha Javed Awan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore-54792, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mark G. Moloney
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, The University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Babu N, Pinto SM, Biswas M, Subbannayya T, Rajappa M, Mohan SV, Advani J, Rajagopalan P, Sathe G, Syed N, Radhakrishna VD, Muthusamy O, Navani S, Kumar RV, Gopisetty G, Rajkumar T, Radhakrishnan P, Thiyagarajan S, Pandey A, Gowda H, Majumder P, Chatterjee A. Phosphoproteomic analysis identifies CLK1 as a novel therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:796-810. [PMID: 32333232 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism of protein activity in cells. Studies in various cancers have reported perturbations in kinases resulting in aberrant phosphorylation of oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. METHODS In this study, we carried out quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of gastric cancer tissues and corresponding xenograft samples. Using these data, we employed bioinformatics analysis to identify aberrant signaling pathways. We further performed molecular inhibition and silencing of the upstream regulatory kinase in gastric cancer cell lines and validated its effect on cellular phenotype. Through an ex vivo technology utilizing patient tumor and blood sample, we sought to understand the therapeutic potential of the kinase by recreating the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Using mass spectrometry-based high-throughput analysis, we identified 1,344 phosphosites and 848 phosphoproteins, including differential phosphorylation of 177 proteins (fold change cut-off ≥ 1.5). Our data showed that a subset of differentially phosphorylated proteins belonged to splicing machinery. Pathway analysis highlighted Cdc2-like kinase (CLK1) as upstream kinase. Inhibition of CLK1 using TG003 and CLK1 siRNA resulted in a decreased cell viability, proliferation, invasion and migration as well as modulation in the phosphorylation of SRSF2. Ex vivo experiments which utilizes patient's own tumor and blood to recreate the tumor microenvironment validated the use of CLK1 as a potential target for gastric cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicates that CLK1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of splicing process in gastric cancer and that CLK1 can act as a novel therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sneha M Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed To Be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | | | - Tejaswini Subbannayya
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Mitra Biotech, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | | | - Sonali V Mohan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Pavithra Rajagopalan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | | | | | | | - Rekha V Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Gopal Gopisetty
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Thangarajan Rajkumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, 600020, India
| | | | | | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.,Cancer Precision Medicine, QIMR Berghofer, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | | | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Bangalore, 560066, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India. .,Mitra Biotech, Bangalore, 560100, India.
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57
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Park KY, Kim J. Cyclic pentapeptide cRGDfK enhances the inhibitory effect of sunitinib on TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232917. [PMID: 32810161 PMCID: PMC7433881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In human lung cancer progression, the EMT process is characterized by the transformation of cancer cells into invasive forms that migrate to other organs. Targeting to EMT-related molecules is emerging as a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention of lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) has recently been considered as an anti-proliferative target molecule to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in several types of cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib and the integrin-αⅤβ3 targeted cyclic peptide (cRGDfK) on EMT in human lung cancer cells. Sunitinib strongly inhibited the TGF-β1-activated EMT through suppression of Wnt signaling, Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways. In addition, the cRGDfK also inhibited the expression of TGFβ1-induced mesenchymal marker genes and proteins. The anti-EMT effect of sunitinib was enhanced when cRGDfK was treated together. When sunitinib was treated with cRGDfK, the mRNA and protein expression levels of mesenchymal markers were decreased compared to the treatment with sunitinib alone. Co-treatment of cRGDfK has shown the potential to improve the efficacy of anticancer agents in combination with therapeutic agents that may be toxic at high concentrations. These results provide new and improved therapies for treating and preventing EMT-related disorders, such as lung fibrosis and cancer metastasis, and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Yong Park
- Department of Integrated Material’s Development, CHA Meditech Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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58
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) will be responsible for the vision impairment of more than five million late-aged adults in the next 30 years. Current treatment includes frequent intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. However, there are methods of drug delivery that can decrease the frequency of intravitreal injections by sustaining drug release. MPEG-PCL ((methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) poly(caprolactone)) has been reported as biocompatible and biodegradable. Polymeric micelles of MPEG-PCL can be useful in efficiently delivering anti-VEGF drugs such as sunitinib to the posterior segment of the eye. In this study, the novel micellar formulation exhibited an average dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size of 134.2 ± 2.3 nm with a zeta potential of −0.159 ± 0.07 mV. TEM imaging further confirmed the nanoscopic size of the micelles. A sunitinib malate (SM)-MPEG-PCL formulation exhibited a sustained release profile for up to seven days with an overall release percentage of 95.56 ± 2.7%. In addition to their miniscule size, the SM-MPEG-PCL formulation showed minimal cytotoxicity onto the ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial cell line, reporting a percent viability of more than 88% for all concentrations tested at time intervals of 24 h. The SM-MPEG-PCL micelles also exhibited exceptional performance during an anti-VEGF ELISA that decreased the overall VEGF protein expression in the cells across a 24–72 h period. Furthermore, it can be concluded that this type of polymeric vehicle is a promising solution to symptoms caused by AMD and improving the management of those suffering from AMD.
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59
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Kang JH, Lee SH, Lee JS, Oh SJ, Ha JS, Choi HJ, Kim SY. Inhibition of Transglutaminase 2 but Not of MDM2 Has a Significant Therapeutic Effect on Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061475. [PMID: 32560270 PMCID: PMC7349864 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 50% of human cancers harbor TP53 mutations and increased expression of Mouse double minute 2 homolog(MDM2), which contribute to cancer progression and drug resistance. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has an unusually high incidence of wild-type p53, with a mutation rate of less than 4%. MDM2 is master regulator of apoptosis in cancer cells, which is triggered through proteasomal degradation of wild-type p53. Recently, we found that p53 protein levels in RCC are regulated by autophagic degradation. Transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) was responsible for p53 degradation through this pathway. Knocking down TGase 2 increased p53-mediated apoptosis in RCC. Therefore, we asked whether depleting p53 from RCC cells occurs via MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation or via TGase 2-mediated autophagic degradation. In vitro gene knockdown experiments revealed that stability of p53 in RCC was inversely related to levels of both MDM2 and TGase 2 protein. Therefore, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of inhibitors of TGase 2 and MDM2 in an in vivo model of RCC. The results showed that inhibiting TGase 2 but not MDM2 had efficient anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-920-2221; Fax: +82-31-920-2278
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Jasmer DP, Rosa BA, Tyagi R, Bulman CA, Beerntsen B, Urban JF, Sakanari J, Mitreva M. De novo identification of toxicants that cause irreparable damage to parasitic nematode intestinal cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0007942. [PMID: 32453724 PMCID: PMC7274465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to identify new drugs for therapeutic and preventive treatments against parasitic nematodes have gained increasing interest with expanding pathogen omics databases and drug databases from which new anthelmintic compounds might be identified. Here, a novel approach focused on integrating a pan-Nematoda multi-omics data targeted to a specific nematode organ system (the intestinal tract) with evidence-based filtering and chemogenomic screening was undertaken. Based on de novo computational target prioritization of the 3,564 conserved intestine genes in A. suum, exocytosis was identified as a high priority pathway, and predicted inhibitors of exocytosis were tested using the large roundworm (Ascaris suum larval stages), a filarial worm (Brugia pahangi adult and L3), a whipworm (Trichuris muris adult), and the non-parasitic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. 10 of 13 inhibitors were found to cause rapid immotility in A. suum L3 larvae, and five inhibitors were effective against the three phylogenetically diverse parasitic nematode species, indicating potential for a broad spectrum anthelmintics. Several distinct pathologic phenotypes were resolved related to molting, motility, or intestinal cell and tissue damage using conventional and novel histologic methods. Pathologic profiles characteristic for each inhibitor will guide future research to uncover mechanisms of the anthelmintic effects and improve on drug designs. This progress firmly validates the focus on intestinal cell biology as a useful resource to develop novel anthelmintic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P Jasmer
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Christina A Bulman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Brenda Beerntsen
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joseph F Urban
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Northeast Area, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasite Diseases Laboratory and Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Judy Sakanari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.,McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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61
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Karadayi FZ, Yaman M, Kisla MM, Keskus AG, Konu O, Ates-Alagoz Z. Design, synthesis and anticancer/antiestrogenic activities of novel indole-benzimidazoles. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103929. [PMID: 32464404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Indole-benzimidazoles have recently gained attention due to their antiproliferative and antiestrogenic effects. However, their structural similarities and molecular mechanisms shared with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have not yet been investigated. In this study, we synthesized novel ethylsulfonyl indole-benzimidazole derivatives by substituting the first (R1) and fifth (R2) positions of benzimidazole and indole groups, respectively. Subsequently, we performed 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectral and in silico docking analyses, and anticancer activity screening studies of these novel indole-benzimidazoles. The antiproliferative effects of indole-benzimidazoles were found to be more similar between the estrogen (E2) responsive cell lines MCF-7 and HEPG2 in comparison to the Estrogen Receptor negative (ER-) cell line MDA-MB-231. R1:p-fluorobenzyl group members were selected as lead compounds for their potent anticancer effects and moderate structural affinity to ER. Microarray expression profiling and gene enrichment analyses (GSEA) of the selected compounds (R1:p-fluorobenzyl: 48, 49, 50, 51; R1:3,4-difluorobenzyl: 53) helped determine the similarly modulated cellular signaling pathways among derivatives. Moreover, we identified known compounds that have significantly similar gene signatures to that of 51 via queries performed in LINCS database; and further transcriptomics comparisons were made using public GEO datasets (GSE35428, GSE7765, GSE62673). Our results strongly demonstrate that these novel indole-benzimidazoles can modulate ER target gene expression as well as dioxin-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor and amino acid deprivation-mediated integrated stress response signaling in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikriye Zengin Karadayi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yaman
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Kisla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse G Keskus
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Ates-Alagoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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62
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Rogez B, Pascal Q, Bobillier A, Machuron F, Toillon RA, Tierny D, Chopin V, Le Bourhis X. Expression and Prognostic Significance of Neurotrophins and Their Receptors in Canine Mammary Tumors. Vet Pathol 2020; 57:507-519. [PMID: 32351171 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820921813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data highlight the role of neurotrophins and their receptors in human breast cancer. This family includes nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), both synthetized as proneurotrophins (proNGF and proBDNF). (pro)NGF and (pro)BDNF initiate their biological effects by binding to both their specific receptors TrkA and TrkB, respectively, and the common receptor p75NTR. Currently, no data are available about their expression and potential role in canine mammary tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate expression of proNGF and BDNF as well as their receptors TrkA, TrkB, and p75NTR in canine mammary carcinomas, and to correlate them with clinicopathological parameters (grade, histological type, lymph node status, recurrence, and distant metastasis) and survival. Immunohistochemistry was performed on serial sections of 96 canine mammary carcinomas with antibodies against proNGF, BDNF, TrkA, TrkB, and p75NTR. Of the 96 carcinomas, proNGF expression was detected in 71 (74%), BDNF in 79 (82%), TrkA in 94 (98%), TrkB in 35 (37%), and p75NTR in 44 (46%). No association was observed between proNGF, BDNF, or TrkA expression and either clinicopathological parameters or survival. TrkB and p75NTR expression were associated with favorable clinicopathological parameters as well as better overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Rogez
- University of Lille, INSERM U908 "Cell Plasticity and Cancer," Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,OCR (Oncovet Clinical Research), Parc Eurasanté, Loos, France
| | - Quentin Pascal
- OCR (Oncovet Clinical Research), Parc Eurasanté, Loos, France
| | | | | | - Robert-Alain Toillon
- University of Lille, INSERM U908 "Cell Plasticity and Cancer," Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | | | - Valérie Chopin
- University of Lille, INSERM U908 "Cell Plasticity and Cancer," Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Contributed equally to this work
| | - Xuefen Le Bourhis
- University of Lille, INSERM U908 "Cell Plasticity and Cancer," Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,Contributed equally to this work
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63
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A Precision Strategy to Cure Renal Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Transglutaminase 2. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072493. [PMID: 32260198 PMCID: PMC7177245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent report, no significance of transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) was noted in the analyses of expression differences between normal and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), although we found that knock down of TGase 2 induced significant p53-mediated cell death in ccRCC. Generally, to find effective therapeutic targets, we need to identify targets that belong specifically to a cancer phenotype that can be differentiated from a normal phenotype. Here, we offer precise reasons why TGase 2 may be the first therapeutic target for ccRCC, according to several lines of evidence. TGase 2 is negatively regulated by von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) and positively regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, most of ccRCC presents high level expression of TGase 2 because over 90% of ccRCC showed VHL inactivity through mutation and methylation. Cell death, angiogenesis and drug resistance were specifically regulated by TGase 2 through p53 depletion in ccRCC because over 90% of ccRCC express wild type p53, which is a cell death inducer as well as a HIF-1α suppressor. Although there have been no detailed studies of the physiological role of TGase 2 in multi-omics analyses of ccRCC, a life-long study of the physiological roles of TGase 2 led to the discovery of the first target as well as the first therapeutic treatment for ccRCC in the clinical field.
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64
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Du G, Rao S, Gurbani D, Henning NJ, Jiang J, Che J, Yang A, Ficarro SB, Marto JA, Aguirre AJ, Sorger PK, Westover KD, Zhang T, Gray NS. Structure-Based Design of a Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibitor for SRC Kinase That Targets a P-Loop Cysteine. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1624-1641. [PMID: 31935084 PMCID: PMC7493195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SRC is a major regulator of many signaling pathways and contributes to cancer development. However, development of a selective SRC inhibitor has been challenging, and FDA-approved SRC inhibitors, dasatinib and bosutinib, are multitargeted kinase inhibitors. Here, we describe our efforts to develop a selective SRC covalent inhibitor by targeting cysteine 277 on the P-loop of SRC. Using a promiscuous covalent kinase inhibitor (CKI) SM1-71 as a starting point, we developed covalent inhibitor 15a, which discriminates SRC from other covalent targets of SM1-71 including TAK1 and FGFR1. As an irreversible covalent inhibitor, compound 15a exhibited sustained inhibition of SRC signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, 15a exhibited potent antiproliferative effects in nonsmall cell lung cancer cell lines harboring SRC activation, thus providing evidence that this approach may be promising for further drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Du
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Suman Rao
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
- Laboratory of Systems Biology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Nathaniel J Henning
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Scott B Ficarro
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Biology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Kenneth D Westover
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
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65
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Nanocarriers as Magic Bullets in the Treatment of Leukemia. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020276. [PMID: 32041219 PMCID: PMC7075174 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is a type of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of immature cells in the blood and bone marrow. Treatment strategies mainly rely on the administration of chemotherapeutic agents, which, unfortunately, are known for their high toxicity and side effects. The concept of targeted therapy as magic bullet was introduced by Paul Erlich about 100 years ago, to inspire new therapies able to tackle the disadvantages of chemotherapeutic agents. Currently, nanoparticles are considered viable options in the treatment of different types of cancer, including leukemia. The main advantages associated with the use of these nanocarriers summarized as follows: i) they may be designed to target leukemic cells selectively; ii) they invariably enhance bioavailability and blood circulation half-life; iii) their mode of action is expected to reduce side effects. FDA approval of many nanocarriers for treatment of relapsed or refractory leukemia and the desired results extend their application in clinics. In the present review, different types of nanocarriers, their capability in targeting leukemic cells, and the latest preclinical and clinical data are discussed.
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66
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Li HK, Zhang WD, Gu Y, Wu GS. Strategy of systems biology for visualizing the “Black box” of traditional Chinese medicine. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_31_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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67
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Drug resistance in papillary RCC: from putative mechanisms to clinical practicalities. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16:655-673. [PMID: 31602010 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is the second most common renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype and accounts for 10-15% of all RCCs. Despite clinical need, few pharmacogenomics studies in pRCC have been performed. Moreover, current research fails to adequately include pRCC laboratory models, such as the ACHN or Caki-2 pRCC cell lines. The molecular mechanisms involved in pRCC development and drug resistance are more diverse than in clear-cell RCC, in which inactivation of VHL occurs in the majority of tumours. Drug resistance to multiple therapies in pRCC occurs via genetic alteration (such as mutations resulting in abnormal receptor tyrosine kinase activation or RALBP1 inhibition), dysregulation of signalling pathways (such as GSK3β-EIF4EBP1, PI3K-AKT and the MAPK or interleukin signalling pathways), deregulation of cellular processes (such as resistance to apoptosis or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) and interactions between the cell and its environment (for example, through activation of matrix metalloproteinases). Improved understanding of resistance mechanisms will facilitate drug discovery and provide new effective therapies. Further studies on novel resistance biomarkers are needed to improve patient prognosis and stratification as well as drug development.
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68
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Introduction of Ag/CuO/MCM‐48 as an efficient catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of novel pyran‐pyrrole hybrids. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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69
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Londhe P, Gutwillig M, London C. Targeted Therapies in Veterinary Oncology. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2019; 49:917-931. [PMID: 31186124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology have permitted a much more detailed understanding of cellular dysfunction at the molecular and genetic levels in cancer cells. This has resulted in the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention, including proteins that regulate signal transduction, gene expression, and protein turnover. In many instances, small molecules are used to disrupt the function of these targets, often through competitive inhibition of ATP binding or the prevention of necessary protein-protein interactions. More than 40 small molecule inhibitors are now approved to treat a variety of human cancers, substantially impacting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Londhe
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Megan Gutwillig
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Cheryl London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine, Tufts University, Jaharis Building, Room 814, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 0211, USA.
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70
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Chatziathanasiadou MV, Stylos EK, Giannopoulou E, Spyridaki MH, Briasoulis E, Kalofonos HP, Crook T, Syed N, Sivolapenko GB, Tzakos AG. Development of a validated LC-MS/MS method for the in vitro and in vivo quantitation of sunitinib in glioblastoma cells and cancer patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 164:690-697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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71
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Hakimi AA, Voss MH, Kuo F, Sanchez A, Liu M, Nixon BG, Vuong L, Ostrovnaya I, Chen YB, Reuter V, Riaz N, Cheng Y, Patel P, Marker M, Reising A, Li MO, Chan TA, Motzer RJ. Transcriptomic Profiling of the Tumor Microenvironment Reveals Distinct Subgroups of Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer: Data from a Randomized Phase III Trial. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:510-525. [PMID: 30622105 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis remains the main reason for renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-associated mortality. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) impart clinical benefit for most patients with RCC, but the determinants of response are poorly understood. We report an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of patients with metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC) treated with TKI therapy and identify predictors of response. Patients in the COMPARZ phase III trial received first-line sunitinib or pazopanib with comparable efficacy. RNA-based analyses revealed four distinct molecular subgroups associated with response and survival. Characterization of these subgroups identified mutation profiles, angiogenesis, and macrophage infiltration programs to be powerful predictors of outcome with TKI therapy. Notably, predictors differed by the type of TKI received. Our study emphasizes the clinical significance of angiogenesis and immune tumor microenvironment and suggests that the critical effects its various aspects have on TKI efficacy vary by agent. This has broad implications for optimizing precision treatment of RCC. SIGNIFICANCE: The determinants of response to TKI therapy in metastatic ccRCC remain unknown. Our study demonstrates that key angiogenic and immune profiles of the tumor microenvironment may affect TKI response. These findings have the potential to inform treatment personalization in patients with RCC.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 453.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ari Hakimi
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Martin H Voss
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Fengshen Kuo
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ming Liu
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lynda Vuong
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Irina Ostrovnaya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Victor Reuter
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert J Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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72
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of radioiodinated benzo[d]imidazole-quinoline derivatives for platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:383-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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73
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Azad I, Hassan F, `Saquib M, Ahmad N, Rahman Khan A, G.Al-Sehemi A, Nasibullah M. A Critical Review on Advances in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrroles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/ojc/340401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds are biologically significant molecules. This is especially true for pyrrole a five membered nitrogen containing aromatic molecule, which is present as a key structural motif in a large number of drugs and lead molecules. This review aims to provide an overview of the multi-component reaction (MCR) based methodologies used for the synthesis of pyrrole and its derivatives, focusing particularly on eco-friendly methods that avoid the use of hazardous reagents, solvents and catalysts are deemed especially relevant to the disciplines of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
| | - Firoj Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
| | - Mohammad `Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
| | | | - Abdillah G.Al-Sehemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Nasibullah
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
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74
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Kumar S, Sun JD, Zhang L, Mokhtari RB, Wu B, Meng F, Liu Q, Bhupathi D, Wang Y, Yeger H, Hart C, Baruchel S. Hypoxia-Targeting Drug Evofosfamide (TH-302) Enhances Sunitinib Activity in Neuroblastoma Xenograft Models. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:911-919. [PMID: 29803017 PMCID: PMC6041570 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapy has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical trials. However, tumor cells acquire resistance to this therapy by gaining ability to survive and proliferate under hypoxia induced by antiangiogenic therapy. Combining antiangiogenic therapy with hypoxia-activated prodrugs can overcome this limitation. Here, we have tested the combination of antiangiogenic drug sunitinib in combination with hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide in neuroblastoma. In vitro, neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE(2) was 40-folds sensitive to evofosfamide under hypoxia compared to normoxia. In IV metastatic model, evofosfamide significantly increased mice survival compared to the vehicle (P=.02). In SK-N-BE(2) subcutaneous xenograft model, we tested two different treatment regimens using 30 mg/kg sunitinib and 50 mg/kg evofosfamide. Here, sunitinib therapy when started along with evofosfamide treatment showed higher efficacy compared to single agents in subcutaneous SK-N-BE(2) xenograft model, whereas sunitinib when started 7 days after evofosfamide treatment did not have any advantage compared to treatment with either single agent. Immunofluorescence of tumor sections revealed higher number of apoptotic cells and hypoxic areas compared to either single agent when both treatments were started together. Treatment with 80 mg/kg sunitinib with 50 mg/kg evofosfamide was significantly superior to single agents in both xenograft and metastatic models. This study confirms the preclinical efficacy of sunitinib and evofosfamide in murine models of aggressive neuroblastoma. Sunitinib enhances the efficacy of evofosfamide by increasing hypoxic areas, and evofosfamide targets hypoxic tumor cells. Consequently, each drug enhances the activity of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Jessica D Sun
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Libo Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Reza Bayat Mokhtari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Bing Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Fanying Meng
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Qian Liu
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Deepthi Bhupathi
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Yan Wang
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Herman Yeger
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8; Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Charles Hart
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Sylvain Baruchel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8.
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75
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Kaloğlu M, Kaloğlu N, Özdemir İ. Direct C-H Bond Arylation of C2-Blocked Pyrrole with Aryl Halides Using Palladium(II)-N
-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kaloğlu
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
| | - Nazan Kaloğlu
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
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76
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Buonerba C, De Placido P, Bruzzese D, Pagliuca M, Ungaro P, Bosso D, Ribera D, Iaccarino S, Scafuri L, Liotti A, Romeo V, Izzo M, Perri F, Casale B, Grimaldi G, Vitrone F, Brunetti A, Terracciano D, Marinelli A, De Placido S, Di Lorenzo G. Isoquercetin as an Adjunct Therapy in Patients With Kidney Cancer Receiving First-Line Sunitinib (QUASAR): Results of a Phase I Trial. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29615901 PMCID: PMC5864863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is the most commonly prescribed drug for advanced renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting and has been associated with multiple adverse events related to its on–and off–target effects, including hand and foot syndrome and fatigue. It was hypothesized that sunitinib-induced fatigue may be related to off target inhibition of the AMPK enzyme, which results in impairment of energy-producing processes at a systemic level. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonol with established AMPK-stimulating activity. While clinical use of quercetin is limited by its poor bio-availability, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, that is isoquercetin, has an improved pharmacokinetic profile. On the grounds of the in vitro stimulatory activity with respect to AMPk, we hypothesized that oral isoquercetin could improve fatigue in kidney cancer patients receiving sunitinib. Given the lack of data on the safety of isoquercetin given concomitantly with sunitinib, we conducted a phase I trial to assess the safety of GMP manufactured isoquercetin given at two dose levels (450 and 900 mg a day). In the 12-patient study cohort included in this study, isoquercetin was administered concomitantly with 50 mg sunitinib for a median 81 days (IQR, 75.5, 86.5). None of the 12 patients required isoquercetin suspension or isoquercetin dose reduction because of adverse events. No abnormalities in ECG, heart or lower limbs doppler ultrasound were detected. A statistically significant improvement was reported for the FACIT fatigue score (6.8 points; 95% CI: 2.8–10.8; p = 0.002) and for the FACIT Adverse Events score (18.9 points; 95% CI: 9.1–28.8; p < 0.001) after isoquercetin consumption vs. baseline. In this phase I trial, isoquercetin was remarkably safe, with a preliminary signal of activity in terms of improvement of sunitinib adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Buonerba
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Pagliuca
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS-CNR) "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Bosso
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Ribera
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Iaccarino
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Scafuri
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Romeo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Izzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Medical Oncology Unit, POC SS Annunziata Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - Beniamino Casale
- Dipartimento di Pneumologia e Tisiologia, Day Hospital Pneumologia e Pneumoncologico, AORN Vincenzo Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grimaldi
- U.O. Medicina-Oncoematologia Ospedale Umberto I, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitrone
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Marinelli
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Zhang C, Xu D, Wang J, Kang C. Efficient Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Indole Derivatives as VEGFR-2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363217120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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78
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Ravikumar B, Aittokallio T. Improving the efficacy-safety balance of polypharmacology in multi-target drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 13:179-192. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1413089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Balaguru Ravikumar
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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79
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A novel self-nanoemulsifying formulation for sunitinib: Evaluation of anticancer efficacy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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80
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Hume KR, Rizzo VL, Cawley JR, Balkman CE. Effects of Toceranib Phosphate on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Tumor-Bearing Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 32:377-383. [PMID: 29193327 PMCID: PMC5787183 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in people. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine whether dysfunction in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid axis occurs in dogs receiving the TKI, toceranib phosphate. Animals Forty‐three client‐owned dogs with cancer. Methods Prospective, observational study. Concentrations of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) were evaluated on day 0, 30, and 90. Dogs also were evaluated for the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibodies. Results The proportion of dogs with low TT4, low FT4, low TT3, high TSH, or primary hypothyroidism (increased TSH and decreased TT4, FT4 or both) did not change over 90 days. Hormone concentrations remained within laboratory reference intervals, but FT4 (P = 0.0032) and TSH (P < 0.0001) changed over time. Mean FT4 was 1.22 ng/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–1.34) on day 0 and 1.00 ng/dL (95% CI, 0.86–1.16) on day 90. Mean TSH was 0.17 ng/mL (95% CI, 0.13–0.23) on day 0 and 0.34 ng/mL (95% CI, 0.24–0.48) on day 90. Furthermore, TT4/TT3 ratio also changed over time (P = 0.0086). Mean TT4/TT3 ratio was 2.57 (95% CI, 2.26–2.88) on day 0 and 2.02 on day 90 (95% CI, 1.61–2.44). Thyroglobulin autoantibodies were not detected in any dog. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Toceranib phosphate can disrupt the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid axis in dogs. Periodic evaluation of TT4, FT4, TT3, and TSH should be carried out in dogs receiving long‐term treatment with this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Hume
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - V L Rizzo
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY.,Summit Veterinary Referral Center, Tacoma, WA
| | - J R Cawley
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - C E Balkman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
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81
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Sunitinib-Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis in a Thrombocytopenic Renal Cell Cancer Patient. Case Rep Oncol Med 2017; 2017:6328204. [PMID: 29359059 PMCID: PMC5735624 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6328204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is currently the standard of care for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Renal adverse events associated with sunitinib include proteinuria, renal insufficiency secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and thrombotic microangiopathy. We describe the second reported instance of biopsy-proven sunitinib-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), in a challenging case complicated by thrombocytopenia. The case illustrates the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in ensuring long-term recovery from renal complications. Four other cases of AIN reported along with inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by either TKI (sunitinib and sorafenib) or antibodies (bevacizumab) suggest a possible class effect. Given our experience, we recommend monitoring renal function with VEGF inhibition, and in the case of renal failure in the setting of an unclear diagnosis, we recommend prompt biopsy.
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82
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Molecular dynamics and integrated pharmacophore-based identification of dual [Formula: see text] inhibitors. Mol Divers 2017; 22:95-112. [PMID: 29138965 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite increase in the understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it remains a tough challenge. The advent of kinases involved in key intracellular pathways in pathogenesis of RA may provide a new phase of drug discovery for RA. The present study is aimed to identify dual JAK3/[Formula: see text] inhibitors by developing an optimum pharmacophore model integrating the information revealed by ligand-based pharmacophore models and structure-based pharmacophore models (SBPMs). For JAK3 inhibitors, the addition of an aromatic ring feature and for [Formula: see text] the addition of a hydrophobic feature proposed by SBPMs lead to five-point pharmacophore (i.e., AADHR.54 (JAK3)) and six-point pharmacophore (i.e., AAAHRR.45 ([Formula: see text])). The obtained pharmacophores were validated and used for virtual screening and then for docking-based screening. Molecules were further evaluated for ADME properties, and their docked protein complexes were subjected to MM-GBSA energy calculations and molecular dynamic simulations. The top two hit compounds with novel scaffolds 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline and benzo[d]oxazole showed inhibitory activity for JAK3 and [Formula: see text].
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83
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Agrawal CR, Talwar V, Babu VP, Jain P, Goyal P. Unusual Pattern of Whitening of Eyebrows Following Sunitinib Therapy: A Case Report with Brief Review of Literature. Int J Trichology 2017; 9:190-192. [PMID: 29118527 PMCID: PMC5655631 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_20_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor which has shown high activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients and is now widely used for the same. It is generally well tolerated, but sometimes, it exhibits a distinct pattern of novel side effects that require monitoring and management. Important known side effect of sunitinib includes fatigue, diarrhea, anorexia, skin toxicity, and hypertension which need special mention. Considering its effectiveness in first-line setting in mRCC and paucity of other good options, utmost efforts are made to continue it with identification of side effects which may require only slight dose modification or no dose alteration. We report here a 38-year-old male who was diagnosed as a case of mRCC and started on sunitinib at the diagnosis and developed whitish discoloration of eyebrows and body hairs after 3 months of starting sunitinib. In view of good overall response to treatment and no other significant toxicity, sunitinib was continued with good tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaturbhuj R Agrawal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Talwar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Venkata Pradeep Babu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Parveen Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
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84
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Scrivano L, Iacopetta D, Sinicropi MS, Saturnino C, Longo P, Parisi OI, Puoci F. Synthesis of sericin-based conjugates by click chemistry: enhancement of sunitinib bioavailability and cell membrane permeation. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:482-490. [PMID: 28181828 PMCID: PMC8240991 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1267822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sericin is a natural protein that has been used in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields as raw material for polypeptide-based drug delivery systems (DDSs). In this paper, it has been employed as pharmaceutical biopolymer for the production of sunitinib-polypeptide conjugate. The synthesis has been carried out by simple click reaction in water, using the redox couple l-ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide as a free radical grafting initiator. The bioconjugate molecular weight (50 kDa < Mw < 75 kDa) was obtained by SDS-PAGE, while the spectroscopic characteristics have been studied in order to reveal the presence of grafted sunitinib. In both FT-IR and UV/Vis spectra, signals corresponding to sunitinib functional groups have been identified. Since sunitinib is an anticancer drug characterized by low bioavailability and low permeability, the bioconjugation aimed at their enhancement. In vitro studies demonstrated that bioavailability has been increased to almost 74%, compared with commercial formulation. Also cell membrane permeability has been augmented in in vitro tests, in which membrane models have been used to determine the lipid membrane/physiological fluid partition coefficient (Kp). The log(Kp) value of the bioconjugate was increased to over 4. This effect resulted in a three-fold decrease of IC50 value against MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Scrivano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy, and
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Ortensia Ilaria Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Francesco Puoci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
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85
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Wroblewski M, Bauer R, Cubas Córdova M, Udonta F, Ben-Batalla I, Legler K, Hauser C, Egberts J, Janning M, Velthaus J, Schulze C, Pantel K, Bokemeyer C, Loges S. Mast cells decrease efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy by secreting matrix-degrading granzyme B. Nat Commun 2017; 8:269. [PMID: 28814715 PMCID: PMC5559596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance towards VEGF-centered anti-angiogenic therapy still represents a substantial clinical challenge. We report here that mast cells alter the proliferative and organizational state of endothelial cells which reduces the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy. Consequently, absence of mast cells sensitizes tumor vessels for anti-angiogenic therapy in different tumor models. Mechanistically, anti-angiogenic therapy only initially reduces tumor vessel proliferation, however, this treatment effect was abrogated over time as a result of mast cell-mediated restimulation of angiogenesis. We show that mast cells secrete increased amounts of granzyme b upon therapy, which mobilizes pro-angiogenic laminin- and vitronectin-bound FGF-1 and GM-CSF from the tumor matrix. In addition, mast cells also diminish efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy by secretion of FGF-2. These pro-angiogenic factors act beside the targeted VEGFA–VEGFR2-axis and reinduce endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis despite the presence of anti-angiogenic therapy. Importantly, inhibition of mast cell degranulation with cromolyn is able to improve efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy. Thus, concomitant mast cell-targeting might lead to improved efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy. Resistance towards VEGF-centered anti-angiogenic therapy is an important clinical challenge. Here, the authors show that mast cells mediate resistance to anti-angiogenetic inhibitors by altering the proliferative and organizational state of endothelial cells through mobilization of FGF-1 and GM-CSF from the tumor matrix and secretion of FGF-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wroblewski
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Bauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Cubas Córdova
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Udonta
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - I Ben-Batalla
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Legler
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 25105, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Hauser
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 25105, Kiel, Germany
| | - J Egberts
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 25105, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Janning
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Velthaus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Schulze
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Bokemeyer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Loges
- Department of Hematology and Oncology with Sections BMT and Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. .,Institute of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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86
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Segarra I, Modamio P, Fernández C, Mariño EL. Sex-Divergent Clinical Outcomes and Precision Medicine: An Important New Role for Institutional Review Boards and Research Ethics Committees. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:488. [PMID: 28785221 PMCID: PMC5519571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The efforts toward individualized medicine have constantly increased in an attempt to improve treatment options. These efforts have led to the development of small molecules which target specific molecular pathways involved in cancer progression. We have reviewed preclinical studies of sunitinib that incorporate sex as a covariate to explore possible sex-based differences in pharmacokinetics and drug–drug interactions (DDI) to attempt a relationship with published clinical outputs. We observed that covariate sex is lacking in most clinical outcome reports and suggest a series of ethic-based proposals to improve research activities and identify relevant different sex outcomes. We propose a deeper integration of preclinical, clinical, and translational research addressing statistical and clinical significance jointly; to embed specific sex-divergent endpoints to evaluate possible gender differences objectively during all stages of research; to pay greater attention to sex-divergent outcomes in polypharmacy scenarios, DDI and bioequivalence studies; the clear reporting of preclinical and clinical findings regarding sex-divergent outcomes; as well as to encourage the active role of scientists and the pharmaceutical industry to foster a new scientific culture through their research programs, practice, and participation in editorial boards and Institutional Ethics Review Boards (IRBs) and Research Ethics Committees (RECs). We establish the IRB/REC as the centerpiece for the implementation of these proposals. We suggest the expansion of its competence to follow up clinical trials to ensure that sex differences are addressed and recognized; to engage in data monitoring committees to improve clinical research cooperation and ethically address those potential clinical outcome differences between male and female patients to analyze their social and clinical implications in research and healthcare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Segarra
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Modamio
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Fernández
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Mariño
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
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87
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Jung HS, Lee SI, Kang SH, Wang JS, Yang EH, Jeon B, Myung J, Baek JY, Park SK. Monoclonal antibodies against autocrine motility factor suppress gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4925-4932. [PMID: 28599497 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autocrine motility factor (AMF), which is a secreted form of phosphoglucose isomerase, is mainly secreted by various tumors and has cytokine-like activity. AMF is known to stimulate proliferation, survival and metastasis of cancer cells, and angiogenesis within a tumor. The present study investigated whether inhibition of AMF using targeted-antibodies was able to suppress the growth of cancer. A migration assay using a Boyden chamber was utilized to measure the activity of AMF on the motility of cancer cells. A recombinant human AMF (rhAMF) prepared from E. coli transformed with the pET22b-AMF vector increased the motility of MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells, but it did not affect that of NCI-N87 or HepG2 cells, which exhibited the ability to secrete high amounts of their own endogenous AMF into the culture medium. The extent to which the AMF receptor was expressed on cancer cells did not correlate clearly with the cell motility stimulated by rhAMF. In A549-xenografted nude mice treated with sunitinib or cetuximab, a decrease in the plasma AMF concentration was accompanied by a reduction in tumor weight, suggesting an association between the plasma AMF concentration and anticancer activity. A monoclonal antibody (9A-4H), which revealed a high binding affinity for E. coli-derived rhAMF, significantly suppressed the growth of tumors in Balb/c nude mice transplanted with the human gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87, to the similar extent as trastuzumab, an anticancer antibody. The present study suggests, for the first time, that an antibody specific to AMF may be a therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahn-Sun Jung
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Su In Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Republic of Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Kang
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sang Wang
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Yang
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungwook Jeon
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayhyuk Myung
- Boryung Central Research Institute, Boryung Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ansan-Si, Kyeongki-Do 03127, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Republic of Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Kyu Park
- College of Pharmacy, Republic of Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.,Research Driven Hospital, Korea University Guro Hospital, Biomedical Research Center, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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88
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Hwang SJ, Park HG, Park Y, Lee HJ. An α-quaternary chiral latam derivative, YH-304 as a novel broad-spectrum anticancer agent. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2480-2486. [PMID: 27748805 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that α-quaternary chiral lactam derivatives have broad spectrum anticancer activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and its relevance are largely unknown. In the present study, we report progress on α-quaternary chiral lactam analogues that address this, focusing on the novel analogue YH-304 as a candidate to broadly target human cancer cells. The effect of YH-304 on cell transformation was assessed by clonogenic assay in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs) A549 and 226B. Proapoptotic activity of YH-304 was determined by TUNEL assay and cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax as markers for apoptosis. The p53-dependency and therapeutic spectrum of YH-304 was assessed by western blot analysis, real-time PCR, and cell viability assays in cells expressing endogenous wild or mutant p53. The effect of YH-304 on angiogenesis in vivo was examined by bFGF-mediated angiogenesis assay in zebrafish. Finally, the effect of YH-304 on AKT and ERK activation (phosphorylation) as a putative mechanism underlying the effect of YH-304 on bFGF-mediated angiogenesis was assessed using western blotting. We found that YH-304 significantly decreases the colony-forming activities of both A549 and 226B cells, inducing cellular apoptosis. Unlike nutlin-3 (p53 pathway activator), YH-304 did not affect the expression levels of p53 and its target gene such as p21 and thus showed p53-independent anticancer activity with broad spectrum. In addition, YH-304 inhibited bFGF-induced angiogenesis in vivo through mediating AKT and ERK signaling pathway, which plays an important role in bFGF activation and angiogenesis. Taken together, our data indicate that YH-304 may represent a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Geun Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
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89
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Serafini FM, Radvinsky D. The pathways of genetic transformation in cholangiocarcinogenesis. Cancer Genet 2016; 209:554-558. [PMID: 27720541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy that originates from the epithelial cells of the biliary duct system. Depending on the anatomical location, CCA can be considered extrahepatic (eCCA) or intrahepatic (iCCA) (1). Two thirds of CCAs involve the extrahepatic biliary system, whereas the rest are confined within the liver parenchyma, beyond the secondary biliary radicals (2). Due to its biological aggressiveness and difficulty in diagnosis, the majority of patients with CCA are unresectable at presentation and the overall 5-year survival is approximately five percent (4). This article focuses on the genetic and epigenetic alterations present in cholangiocarcinomas, their occasional relationship to external stimuli, and with an emphasis on those unanswered questions about cholangiocarcinogenesis and future directions in the comprehension of epigenetic DNA methylation in patients with CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco M Serafini
- Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States; SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States.
| | - David Radvinsky
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
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90
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Haber R, Khoury R, Kechichian E, Tomb R. Splinter hemorrhages of the nails: a systematic review of clinical features and associated conditions. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:1304-1310. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Haber
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Rana Khoury
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Elio Kechichian
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Roland Tomb
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
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91
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Cranmer LD, Loggers ET, Pollack SM. Pazopanib in the management of advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2016; 12:941-55. [PMID: 27354810 PMCID: PMC4907704 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s84792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy of soft tissue sarcomas represents an area of significant unmet need in oncology. Angiogenesis has been explored as a potential target both preclinically and clinically, with suggestions of activity. Pazopanib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with prominent antiangiogenic effects. In a Phase II study, pazopanib demonstrated activity in strata enrolling patients with leiomyosarcomas, synovial sarcomas, or other sarcomas but not those enrolling adipocytic sarcomas. PALETTE, the pivotal Phase III trial, demonstrated improved progression-free survival versus placebo in pazopanib-treated patients previously treated for advanced soft tissue sarcomas. No survival benefit was observed, and adipocytic sarcomas were excluded. Health-related quality-of-life assessments indicated significant decrements in several areas affected by pazopanib toxicities, but no global deterioration. Cost-effectiveness analyses indicate that pazopanib therapy may or may not be cost-effective in different geographic settings. Pazopanib provides important proof-of-concept for antiangiogenic therapy in soft tissue sarcomas. Its use can be improved by further biological studies of its activity profile in sarcomas, studies of biological rational combinations, and clinicopathologic/biological correlative studies of activity to allow better drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D Cranmer
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Loggers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seth M Pollack
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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92
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García-Vilas JA, Quesada AR, Medina MÁ. Screening of synergistic interactions of epigallocatechin-3-gallate with antiangiogenic and antitumor compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.synres.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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93
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Molderings GJ, Haenisch B, Brettner S, Homann J, Menzen M, Dumoulin FL, Panse J, Butterfield J, Afrin LB. Pharmacological treatment options for mast cell activation disease. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:671-94. [PMID: 27132234 PMCID: PMC4903110 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mast cell activation disease (MCAD) is a term referring to a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by aberrant release of variable subsets of mast cell (MC) mediators together with accumulation of either morphologically altered and immunohistochemically identifiable mutated MCs due to MC proliferation (systemic mastocytosis [SM] and MC leukemia [MCL]) or morphologically ordinary MCs due to decreased apoptosis (MC activation syndrome [MCAS] and well-differentiated SM). Clinical signs and symptoms in MCAD vary depending on disease subtype and result from excessive mediator release by MCs and, in aggressive forms, from organ failure related to MC infiltration. In most cases, treatment of MCAD is directed primarily at controlling the symptoms associated with MC mediator release. In advanced forms, such as aggressive SM and MCL, agents targeting MC proliferation such as kinase inhibitors may be provided. Targeted therapies aimed at blocking mutant protein variants and/or downstream signaling pathways are currently being developed. Other targets, such as specific surface antigens expressed on neoplastic MCs, might be considered for the development of future therapies. Since clinicians are often underprepared to evaluate, diagnose, and effectively treat this clinically heterogeneous disease, we seek to familiarize clinicians with MCAD and review current and future treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard J Molderings
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Britta Haenisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Brettner
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Palliative Care, Kreiskrankenhaus Waldbröl, Waldbröl, Germany
| | - Jürgen Homann
- Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie und Diabetologie, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Menzen
- Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie und Diabetologie, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franz Ludwig Dumoulin
- Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie und Diabetologie, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Panse
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joseph Butterfield
- Program for the Study of Mast Cell and Eosinophil Disorders, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lawrence B Afrin
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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94
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Schindler E, Amantea MA, Karlsson MO, Friberg LE. PK-PD modeling of individual lesion FDG-PET response to predict overall survival in patients with sunitinib-treated gastrointestinal stromal tumor. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 5:173-81. [PMID: 27299707 PMCID: PMC4846778 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacometric models were developed to characterize the relationships between lesion-level tumor metabolic activity, as assessed by the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) obtained on [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), tumor size, and overall survival (OS) in 66 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) treated with intermittent sunitinib. An indirect response model in which sunitinib stimulates tumor loss best described the typically rapid decrease in SUVmax during on-treatment periods and the recovery during off-treatment periods. Substantial interindividual and interlesion variability were identified in SUVmax baseline and drug sensitivity. A parametric time-to-event model identified the relative change in SUVmax at one week for the lesion with the most pronounced response as a better predictor of OS than tumor size. Based on the proposed modeling framework, early changes in FDG-PET response may serve as predictor for long-term outcome in sunitinib-treated GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schindler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - M O Karlsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L E Friberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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95
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Shu M, Zai X, Zhang B, Wang R, Lin Z. Hypothyroidism Side Effect in Patients Treated with Sunitinib or Sorafenib: Clinical and Structural Analyses. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147048. [PMID: 26784451 PMCID: PMC4718448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide more effective targeted treatments for cancer, but are subject to a variety of adverse effects, such as hypothyroidism. TKI-induced hypothyroidism is a highly complicated issue, because of not only the unrealized toxicological mechanisms, but also different incidences of individual TKI drugs. While sunitinib is suspected for causing thyroid dysfunction more often than other TKIs, sorafenib is believed to be less risky. Here we integrated clinical data and in silico drug-protein interactions to examine the pharmacological distinction between sunitinib and sorafenib. Statistical analysis on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) confirmed that sunitinib is more concurrent with hypothyroidism than sorafenib, which was observed in both female and male patients. Then, we used docking method and identified 3 proteins specifically binding to sunitinib but not sorafenib, i.e., retinoid X receptor alpha, retinoic acid receptors beta and gamma. As potential off-targets of sunitinib, these proteins are well known to assemble with thyroid hormone receptors, which can explain the profound impact of sunitinib on thyroid function. Taken together, we established a strategy of integrated analysis on clinical records and drug off-targets, which can be applied to explore the molecular basis of various adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Shu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiaoli Zai
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Beina Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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96
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Shirinzadeh H, Ince E, Westwell AD, Gurer-Orhan H, Suzen S. Novel indole-based melatonin analogues substituted with triazole, thiadiazole and carbothioamides: studies on their antioxidant, chemopreventive and cytotoxic activities. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1312-21. [PMID: 26745200 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1132209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a well-known free-radical scavenger, involving in the prevention of cellular damage that can lead to cancer, ageing and a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Research on MLT-related compounds has been required to optimise the maximum pharmaceutical activity with the lowest side effects. In our ongoing research, we have synthesized new indole-based MLT analogues as potential antioxidant agents by modifying the MLT molecule. In this study, we build on previous findings, through the synthesis, characterization and in vitro antioxidant profiling of a series of new indole-based MLT analogues which possess triazole, thiadiazole and carbothioamides on the third position on the indole ring. In vitro antioxidant activity was investigated by evaluating their reducing effect against oxidation of a redox sensitive fluorescent probe and their radical scavenging activity was assessed via the DPPH assay. In addition, in vitro cytotoxic effects of newly synthesized compounds were investigated in CHO-K1 cells using the MTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Shirinzadeh
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan University , Yalnizbag Yerleskesi , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Elif Ince
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- c School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Cardiff , Wales , UK , and
| | - Hande Gurer-Orhan
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Sibel Suzen
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University , Tandogan , Ankara , Turkey
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97
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Khajuria R, Dham S, Kapoor KK. Active methylenes in the synthesis of a pyrrole motif: an imperative structural unit of pharmaceuticals, natural products and optoelectronic materials. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03411j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrrole is one of the most important azaheterocycles, due to its wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals and optoelectronic materials, coupled with its utility as an intermediate in natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumita Dham
- Government College for Women, Parade
- Jammu-180001
- India
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98
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DCE-MRI of hepatocellular carcinoma: perfusion quantification with Tofts model versus shutter-speed model--initial experience. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 29:49-58. [PMID: 26646522 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-015-0513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) perfusion and flow with the fast exchange regime-allowed Shutter-Speed model (SSM) compared to the Tofts model (TM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, 25 patients with HCC underwent DCE-MRI. ROIs were placed in liver parenchyma, portal vein, aorta and HCC lesions. Signal intensities were analyzed employing dual-input TM and SSM models. ART (arterial fraction), K (trans) (contrast agent transfer rate constant from plasma to extravascular extracellular space), ve (extravascular extracellular volume fraction), kep (contrast agent intravasation rate constant), and τi (mean intracellular water molecule lifetime) were compared between liver parenchyma and HCC, and ART, K (trans), v e and k ep were compared between models using Wilcoxon tests and limits of agreement. Test-retest reproducibility was assessed in 10 patients. RESULTS ART and v e obtained with TM; ART, ve, ke and τi obtained with SSM were significantly different between liver parenchyma and HCC (p < 0.04). Parameters showed variable reproducibility (CV range 14.7-66.5% for both models). Liver K (trans) and ve; HCC ve and kep were significantly different when estimated with the two models (p < 0.03). CONCLUSION Our results show differences when computed between the TM and the SSM. However, these differences are smaller than parameter reproducibilities and may be of limited clinical significance.
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99
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Identification of an orally available compound with potent and broad FLT3 inhibition activity. Oncogene 2015; 35:2971-8. [PMID: 26411368 PMCID: PMC4809803 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) is an activating mutation found in 20%-30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which makes FLT3 an attractive target for the treatment of AML. Although FLT3-mutant patients respond to current FLT3 inhibitors, relapse usually happens due to the acquisition of resistant secondary mutations at the FLT3 catalytic domain, which is mainly on D835. In the search for compounds with broad FLT3 inhibition activities, we screened a kinase inhibitor library by using our unique FLT3 substrate and identified JAK3 inhibitor VI (designated JI6 hereafter) as a novel FLT3 inhibitor, which selectively targets FLT3 D835 mutants as well as FLT3-ITD. JI6 effectively inhibited FLT3-ITD-containing MV4-11 cells and HCD-57 cells transformed with FLT3-ITD and D835 mutants. Furthermore, administration of JI6 effectively targeted FLT3 signaling in vivo and suppressed the myeloproliferative phenotypes in FLT3-ITD knock-in mice and significantly prolonged the survival of immunodeficient mice implanted with the transformed HCD-57 cells. Therefore, JI6 is a promising candidate for development of next generation anti-AML drugs.
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100
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An Omics Perspective on Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutics of Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:179528. [PMID: 26421274 PMCID: PMC4572471 DOI: 10.1155/2015/179528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy arising from the epithelial bile duct. The lack of early diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic measures results in severe outcomes and poor prognosis. Thus, effective early diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers are required to improve the prognosis and prolong survival rates in CCA patients. Recent advancement in omics technologies combined with the integrative experimental and clinical validations has provided an insight into the underlying mechanism of CCA initiation and progression as well as clues towards novel biomarkers. This work highlights the discovery and validation of molecular markers in CCA identified through omics approaches. The possible roles of these molecules in various cellular pathways, which render CCA carcinogenesis and progression, will also be discussed. This paper can serve as a reference point for further investigations to yield deeper understanding in the complex feature of this disease, potentially leading to better approaches for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics.
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