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Saulnier-Blache JS, Wilson R, Klavins K, Graham D, Alesutan I, Kastenmüller G, Wang-Sattler R, Adamski J, Roden M, Rathmann W, Seissler J, Meisinger C, Koenig W, Thiery J, Suhre K, Peters A, Kuro-O M, Lang F, Dallmann G, Delles C, Voelkl J, Waldenberger M, Bascands JL, Klein J, Schanstra JP. Ldlr -/- and ApoE -/- mice better mimic the human metabolite signature of increased carotid intima media thickness compared to other animal models of cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2018; 276:140-147. [PMID: 30059845 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Preclinical experiments on animal models are essential to understand the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolomics allows access to the metabolic perturbations associated with CVD in heart and vessels. Here we assessed which potential animal CVD model most closely mimics the serum metabolite signature of increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in humans, a clinical parameter widely accepted as a surrogate of CVD. METHODS A targeted mass spectrometry assay was used to quantify and compare a series of blood metabolites between 1362 individuals (KORA F4 cohort) and 5 animal CVD models: ApoE-/-, Ldlr-/-, and klotho-hypomorphic mice (kl/kl) and SHRSP rats with or without salt feeding. The metabolite signatures were obtained using linear regressions adjusted for various co-variates. RESULTS In human, increased cIMT [quartile Q4 vs. Q1] was associated with 26 metabolites (9 acylcarnitines, 2 lysophosphatidylcholines, 9 phosphatidylcholines and 6 sphingomyelins). Acylcarnitines correlated preferentially with serum glucose and creatinine. Phospholipids correlated preferentially with cholesterol (total and LDL). The human signature correlated positively and significantly with Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice, while correlation with kl/kl mice and SHRP rats was either negative and non-significant. Human and Ldlr-/- mice shared 11 significant metabolites displaying the same direction of regulation: 5 phosphatidylcholines, 1 lysophosphatidylcholines, 5 sphingomyelins; ApoE-/- mice shared 10. CONCLUSIONS The human cIMT signature was partially mimicked by Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice. These animal models might help better understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the vessel metabolic perturbations associated with, and contributing to metabolic disorders in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Sébastien Saulnier-Blache
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| | - Rory Wilson
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristaps Klavins
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ioana Alesutan
- Medizinische Klinik Mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Diabetes Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV - Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Group Diabetes, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Makuto Kuro-O
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Florian Lang
- Physiologisches Institut, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido Dallmann
- Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Eduard-Bodem-Gasse 8, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Medizinische Klinik Mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Institut National de La Sante et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1188 - Université de La Réunion, France
| | - Julie Klein
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Mielke MM, Haughey NJ, Han D, An Y, Bandaru VVR, Lyketsos CG, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM. The Association Between Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Differs by Sex and APOE in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:819-828. [PMID: 28035934 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular and animal studies demonstrated relationships between sphingolipid metabolism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. High blood ceramide levels have been shown to predict cognitive impairment and AD, but these studies had small sample sizes and did not assess differences in risk by sex or APOE genotype. OBJECTIVE To determine whether plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins were associated with risk of AD, and whether the association varied by sex and APOE genotype. METHODS Participants included 626 men and 366 women, aged 55 years and older, enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins were determined using quantitative analyses performed on a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometer. Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by sex, were used to examine the relationship of plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins with risk of AD over a mean (SD) follow-up of 15.0 (7.0) years for men and 13.1 (5.9) years for women. RESULTS Among men, the highest tertile of most ceramides and sphingomyelins were associated with an increased risk of AD. Among women, there were no associations between any of the ceramides and risk of AD. In contrast, women in the highest tertile of most sphingomyelins had a reduced risk of AD, which was most pronounced among APOE ɛ4 carriers. CONCLUSION These results provide further evidence for the role of sphingolipid metabolism in AD and highlight the importance of considering sex and APOE genotype in assessing this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Mielke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dingfen Han
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang An
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Constantine G Lyketsos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry provides the resolution required for direct infusion allowing detection and characterization of a vast array of lipids with a single injection. This chapter presents the methodology utilized for both unbiased and targeted lipidomics of cerebrospinal fluid.
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54
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Kuhn M, Sühs KW, Akmatov MK, Klawonn F, Wang J, Skripuletz T, Kaever V, Stangel M, Pessler F. Mass-spectrometric profiling of cerebrospinal fluid reveals metabolite biomarkers for CNS involvement in varicella zoster virus reactivation. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:20. [PMID: 29343258 PMCID: PMC5773076 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation spans the spectrum from uncomplicated segmental herpes zoster to life-threatening disseminated CNS infection. Moreover, in the absence of a small animal model for this human pathogen, studies of pathogenesis at the organismal level depend on analysis of human biosamples. Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites may reflect critical aspects of host responses and end-organ damage in neuroinfection and neuroinflammation. We therefore applied a targeted metabolomics screen of CSF to three clinically distinct forms of VZV reactivation and infectious and non-infectious disease controls in order to identify biomarkers for CNS involvement in VZV reactivation. Methods Metabolite profiles were determined by targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in CSF from patients with segmental zoster (shingles, n = 14), facial nerve zoster (n = 16), VZV meningitis/encephalitis (n = 15), enteroviral meningitis (n = 10), idiopathic Bell’s palsy (n = 11), and normal pressure hydrocephalus (n = 15). Results Concentrations of 88 metabolites passing quality assessment clearly separated the three VZV reactivation forms from each other and from the non-infected samples. Internal cross-validation identified four metabolites (SM C16:1, glycine, lysoPC a C26:1, PC ae C34:0) that were particularly associated with VZV meningoencephalitis. SM(OH) C14:1 accurately distinguished facial nerve zoster from Bell’s palsy. Random forest construction revealed even more accurate classifiers (signatures comprising 2–4 metabolites) for most comparisons. Some of the most accurate biomarkers correlated only weakly with CSF leukocyte count, indicating that they do not merely reflect recruitment of inflammatory cells but, rather, specific pathophysiological mechanisms. Across all samples, only the sum of hexoses and the amino acids arginine, serine, and tryptophan correlated negatively with leukocyte count. Increased expression of the metabolites associated with VZV meningoencephalitis could be linked to processes relating to neuroinflammation/immune activation, neuronal signaling, and cell stress, turnover, and death (e.g., autophagy and apoptosis), suggesting that these metabolites might sense processes relating to end-organ damage. Conclusions The results provide proof-of-concept for the value of CSF metabolites as (1) disease-associated signatures suggesting pathophysiological mechanisms, (2) degree and nature of neuroinflammation, and (3) biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification of VZV reactivation and, likely, neuroinfections due to other pathogens. Trial registration Not applicable (non-interventional study). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-1041-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Kuhn
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 15, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kurt-Wolfram Sühs
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manas K Akmatov
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 15, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.,Ostfalia University, Salzdahlumer Str. 46/48, 38302, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
| | - Junxi Wang
- Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Skripuletz
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Volkhard Kaever
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Stangel
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 15, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Frank Pessler
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 15, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Wilkins JM, Trushina E. Application of Metabolomics in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 8:719. [PMID: 29375465 PMCID: PMC5770363 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress toward the development of efficacious therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is halted by a lack of understanding early underlying pathological mechanisms. Systems biology encompasses several techniques including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Metabolomics is the newest omics platform that offers great potential for the diagnosis and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases as an individual’s metabolome reflects alterations in genetic, transcript, and protein profiles and influences from the environment. Advancements in the field of metabolomics have demonstrated the complexity of dynamic changes associated with AD progression underscoring challenges with the development of efficacious therapeutic interventions. Defining systems-level alterations in AD could provide insights into disease mechanisms, reveal sex-specific changes, advance the development of biomarker panels, and aid in monitoring therapeutic efficacy, which should advance individualized medicine. Since metabolic pathways are largely conserved between species, metabolomics could improve the translation of preclinical research conducted in animal models of AD into humans. A summary of recent developments in the application of metabolomics to advance the AD field is provided below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Maximillian Wilkins
- Mitochondrial Neurobiology and Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eugenia Trushina
- Mitochondrial Neurobiology and Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Veiga S, Wahrheit J, Rodríguez-Martín A, Sonntag D. Quantitative Metabolomics in Alzheimer's Disease: Technical Considerations for Improved Reproducibility. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1779:463-470. [PMID: 29886550 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7816-8_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is the comprehensive analysis of small molecules (metabolites) that are intermediates or endpoints of metabolism. Since metabolites change more rapidly to both external and internal stimuli than genes and proteins, metabolomics provides a more sensitive tool to study physiological changes to a wide range of factors such age, medication, or disease status. Therefore, metabolomics is being increasingly used for the study of several pathological states, including complex diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).Both untargeted and targeted metabolomics have been applied for AD and both have provided diagnostic algorithms that accurately discriminate healthy patients from patients with AD by combining different metabolites. However, none of these algorithms have been replicated in larger, different cohorts, and a consensus in methodology has been claimed by the scientific community. The AbsoluteIDQ® p180 Kit (Biocrates, Life Science AG, Innsbruck, Austria) is to date the only commercially available, validated, and standardized assay that measures up to 188 metabolites in biological samples. This kit unifies methodology in a common user manual and provides quantitative measurements of metabolites, thus facilitating an easier comparison among studies and reducing the technical variability that might contribute to replication failures. Nevertheless, recent studies showed no replication even when using this kit, suggesting that additional measures should be taken to achieve replication of metabolite-based discriminative algorithms. The aim of this chapter is to provide technical guidance on how to apply quantitative metabolomic data to the definition of discriminative algorithms for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. This chapter will provide an overview of technical aspects on the whole process, from blood sampling to raw data handling, and will highlight several technical aspects in the process that could hamper replication attempts even when using validated and standardized assays, such as the AbsoluteIDQ® p180 Kit.
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González-Domínguez R, Sayago A, Fernández-Recamales Á. Metabolomics in Alzheimer’s disease: The need of complementary analytical platforms for the identification of biomarkers to unravel the underlying pathology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1071:75-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Grimm MOW, Michaelson DM, Hartmann T. Omega-3 fatty acids, lipids, and apoE lipidation in Alzheimer's disease: a rationale for multi-nutrient dementia prevention. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2083-2101. [PMID: 28528321 PMCID: PMC5665674 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r076331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, it has become obvious that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked to changes in lipids or lipid metabolism. One of the main pathological hallmarks of AD is amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Aβ is derived from sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Interestingly, both, the APP and all APP secretases are transmembrane proteins that cleave APP close to and in the lipid bilayer. Moreover, apoE4 has been identified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for AD. ApoE is the main lipoprotein in the brain, which has an abundant role in the transport of lipids and brain lipid metabolism. Several lipidomic approaches revealed changes in the lipid levels of cerebrospinal fluid or in post mortem AD brains. Here, we review the impact of apoE and lipids in AD, focusing on the major brain lipid classes, sphingomyelin, plasmalogens, gangliosides, sulfatides, DHA, and EPA, as well as on lipid signaling molecules, like ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate. As nutritional approaches showed limited beneficial effects in clinical studies, the opportunities of combining different supplements in multi-nutritional approaches are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O W Grimm
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Daniel M Michaelson
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Toledo JB, Arnold M, Kastenmüller G, Chang R, Baillie RA, Han X, Thambisetty M, Tenenbaum JD, Suhre K, Thompson JW, John-Williams LS, MahmoudianDehkordi S, Rotroff DM, Jack JR, Motsinger-Reif A, Risacher SL, Blach C, Lucas JE, Massaro T, Louie G, Zhu H, Dallmann G, Klavins K, Koal T, Kim S, Nho K, Shen L, Casanova R, Varma S, Legido-Quigley C, Moseley MA, Zhu K, Henrion MYR, van der Lee SJ, Harms AC, Demirkan A, Hankemeier T, van Duijn CM, Trojanowski JQ, Shaw LM, Saykin AJ, Weiner MW, Doraiswamy PM, Kaddurah-Daouk R. Metabolic network failures in Alzheimer's disease: A biochemical road map. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:965-984. [PMID: 28341160 PMCID: PMC5866045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Alzheimer's Disease Research Summits of 2012 and 2015 incorporated experts from academia, industry, and nonprofit organizations to develop new research directions to transform our understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and propel the development of critically needed therapies. In response to their recommendations, big data at multiple levels are being generated and integrated to study network failures in disease. We used metabolomics as a global biochemical approach to identify peripheral metabolic changes in AD patients and correlate them to cerebrospinal fluid pathology markers, imaging features, and cognitive performance. METHODS Fasting serum samples from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (199 control, 356 mild cognitive impairment, and 175 AD participants) were analyzed using the AbsoluteIDQ-p180 kit. Performance was validated in blinded replicates, and values were medication adjusted. RESULTS Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed that sphingomyelins and ether-containing phosphatidylcholines were altered in preclinical biomarker-defined AD stages, whereas acylcarnitines and several amines, including the branched-chain amino acid valine and α-aminoadipic acid, changed in symptomatic stages. Several of the analytes showed consistent associations in the Rotterdam, Erasmus Rucphen Family, and Indiana Memory and Aging Studies. Partial correlation networks constructed for Aβ1-42, tau, imaging, and cognitive changes provided initial biochemical insights for disease-related processes. Coexpression networks interconnected key metabolic effectors of disease. DISCUSSION Metabolomics identified key disease-related metabolic changes and disease-progression-related changes. Defining metabolic changes during AD disease trajectory and its relationship to clinical phenotypes provides a powerful roadmap for drug and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon B Toledo
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rui Chang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Xianlin Han
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica D Tenenbaum
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - J Will Thompson
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lisa St John-Williams
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Siamak MahmoudianDehkordi
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Daniel M Rotroff
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - John R Jack
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alison Motsinger-Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Colette Blach
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joseph E Lucas
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tyler Massaro
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory Louie
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongjie Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sungeun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ramon Casanova
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sudhir Varma
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - M Arthur Moseley
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kuixi Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Y R Henrion
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Amy C Harms
- Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Department of Radiology, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco VA Medical Center/University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P Murali Doraiswamy
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Gray-Edwards HL, Jiang X, Randle AN, Taylor AR, Voss TL, Johnson AK, McCurdy VJ, Sena-Esteves M, Ory DS, Martin DR. Lipidomic Evaluation of Feline Neurologic Disease after AAV Gene Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2017; 6:135-142. [PMID: 28808666 PMCID: PMC5545771 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a fatal lysosomal disorder, for which there is no effective treatment. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy in GM1 cats has resulted in a greater than 6-fold increase in lifespan, with many cats remaining alive at >5.7 years of age, with minimal clinical signs. Glycolipids are the principal storage product in GM1 gangliosidosis whose pathogenic mechanism is not completely understood. Targeted lipidomics analysis was performed to better define disease mechanisms and identify markers of disease progression for upcoming clinical trials in humans. 36 sphingolipids and subspecies associated with ganglioside biosynthesis were tested in the cerebrospinal fluid of untreated GM1 cats at a humane endpoint (∼8 months), AAV-treated GM1 cats (∼5 years old), and normal adult controls. In untreated GM1 cats, significant alterations were noted in 16 sphingolipid species, including gangliosides (GM1 and GM3), lactosylceramides, ceramides, sphingomyelins, monohexosylceramides, and sulfatides. Variable degrees of correction in many lipid metabolites reflected the efficacy of AAV gene therapy. Sphingolipid levels were highly predictive of neurologic disease progression, with 11 metabolites having a coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.75. Also, a specific detergent additive significantly increased the recovery of certain lipid species in cerebrospinal fluid samples. This report demonstrates the methodology and utility of targeted lipidomics to examine the pathophysiology of lipid storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Gray-Edwards
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ashley N Randle
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Amanda R Taylor
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Taylor L Voss
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Aime K Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Victoria J McCurdy
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, PA 01655, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Douglas R Martin
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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61
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Bressler J, Yu B, Mosley TH, Knopman DS, Gottesman RF, Alonso A, Sharrett AR, Wruck LM, Boerwinkle E. Metabolomics and cognition in African American adults in midlife: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1173. [PMID: 28934192 PMCID: PMC5538110 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown alterations in metabolic profiles when patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia were compared to cognitively normal subjects. Associations between 204 serum metabolites measured at baseline (1987-1989) and cognitive change were investigated in 1035 middle-aged community-dwelling African American participants in the biracial Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Cognition was evaluated using the Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT; verbal memory), the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST; processing speed) and the Word Fluency Test (WFT; verbal fluency) at visits 2 (1990-1992) and 4 (1996-1998). In addition, Cox regression was used to analyze the metabolites as predictors of incident hospitalized dementia between baseline and 2011. There were 141 cases among 1534 participants over a median 17.1-year follow-up period. After adjustment for established risk factors, one standard deviation increase in N-acetyl-1-methylhistidine was significantly associated with greater 6-year change in DWRT scores (β=-0.66 words; P=3.65 × 10-4). Two metabolites (one unnamed and a long-chain omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid found in vegetable oils (docosapentaenoate (DPA, 22:5 n-6)) were significantly associated with less decline on the DSST (DPA: β=1.25 digit-symbol pairs, P=9.47 × 10-5). Two unnamed compounds and three sex steroid hormones were associated with an increased risk of dementia (all P<3.9 × 10-4). The association of 4-androstene-3beta, 17beta-diol disulfate 1 with dementia was replicated in European Americans. These results demonstrate that screening the metabolome in midlife can detect biologically plausible biomarkers that may improve risk stratification for cognitive impairment at older ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Yu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - D S Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R F Gottesman
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A R Sharrett
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L M Wruck
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - E Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Mirzoyan K, Klavins K, Koal T, Gillet M, Marsal D, Denis C, Klein J, Bascands JL, Schanstra JP, Saulnier-Blache JS. Increased urine acylcarnitines in diabetic ApoE -/- mice: Hydroxytetradecadienoylcarnitine (C14:2-OH) reflects diabetic nephropathy in a context of hyperlipidemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:109-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oberacher H, Arnhard K, Linhart C, Diwo A, Marksteiner J, Humpel C. Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Soluble Lysates from Platelets of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Compared to Healthy Controls: Is PC aeC40:4 a Promising Diagnostic Tool? J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 57:493-504. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Oberacher
- Department of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Arnhard
- Department of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Caroline Linhart
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angela Diwo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, Hall State Hospital, Austria
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, Hall State Hospital, Austria
| | - Christian Humpel
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer’s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Jung JM, Lee J, Kim KH, Jang IG, Song JG, Kang K, Tack FMG, Oh JI, Kwon EE, Kim HW. The effect of lead exposure on fatty acid composition in mouse brain analyzed using pseudo-catalytic derivatization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:182-190. [PMID: 28104346 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We performed toxicological study of mice exposed to lead by quantifying fatty acids in brain of the mice. This study suggests that the introduced analytical method had an extremely high tolerance against impurities such as water and extractives; thus, it led to the enhanced resolution in visualizing the spectrum of fatty acid profiles in animal brain. Furthermore, one of the biggest technical advantages achieved in this study was the quantitation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of mouse brain using a trace amount of sample (e.g., 100 μL mixture). Methanol was screened as the most effective extraction solvent for mouse brain. The behavioral test of the mice before and after lead exposure was conducted to see the effect of lead exposure on fatty acid composition of the mice' brain. The lead exposure led to changes in disease-related behavior of the mice. Also, the lead exposure induced significant alterations of fatty acid profile (C16:0, C 18:0, and C 18:1) in brain of the mice, implicated in pathology of psychiatric diseases. The alteration of fatty acid profile of brain of the mice suggests that the derivatizing technique can be applicable to most research fields associated with the environmental neurotoxins with better resolution in a short time, as compared to the current protocols for lipid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Jung
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - In Geon Jang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwang Song
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongjin Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Filip M G Tack
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Jeong-Ik Oh
- Advanced Technology Department, Land & Housing Institute, Daejon 34047, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Wook Kim
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Proitsi P, Kim M, Whiley L, Simmons A, Sattlecker M, Velayudhan L, Lupton MK, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Mecocci P, Tsolaki M, Vellas B, Lovestone S, Powell JF, Dobson RJB, Legido-Quigley C. Association of blood lipids with Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive lipidomics analysis. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:140-151. [PMID: 27693183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to (1) replicate previous associations between six blood lipids and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Proitsi et al 2015) and (2) identify novel associations between lipids, clinical AD diagnosis, disease progression and brain atrophy (left/right hippocampus/entorhinal cortex). METHODS We performed untargeted lipidomic analysis on 148 AD and 152 elderly control plasma samples and used univariate and multivariate analysis methods. RESULTS We replicated our previous lipids associations and reported novel associations between lipids molecules and all phenotypes. A combination of 24 molecules classified AD patients with >70% accuracy in a test and a validation data set, and we identified lipid signatures that predicted disease progression (R2 = 0.10, test data set) and brain atrophy (R2 ≥ 0.14, all test data sets except left entorhinal cortex). We putatively identified a number of metabolic features including cholesteryl esters/triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines. DISCUSSION Blood lipids are promising AD biomarkers that may lead to new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petroula Proitsi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK.
| | - Min Kim
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, UK
| | - Luke Whiley
- King's College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Martina Sattlecker
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Latha Velayudhan
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - Hillka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry & Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Memory and Dementia Centre, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Department of Internal and Geriatrics Medicine, INSERM U 1027, Gerontopole, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - John F Powell
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Richard J B Dobson
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; The Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, UCL Institute of Health Informatics, UCL, UK
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Sajja VSSS, Hlavac N, VandeVord PJ. Role of Glia in Memory Deficits Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Biomarkers of Glia Dysfunction. Front Integr Neurosci 2016; 10:7. [PMID: 26973475 PMCID: PMC4770450 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2016.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, glial cells have been recognized as a structural component of the brain. However, it has become clear that glial cells are intimately involved in the complexities of neural networks and memory formations. Astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes have dynamic responsibilities which substantially impact neuronal function and activities. Moreover, the importance of glia following brain injury has come to the forefront in discussions to improve axonal regeneration and functional recovery. The numerous activities of glia following injury can either promote recovery or underlie the pathobiology of memory deficits. This review outlines the pathological states of glial cells which evolve from their positive supporting roles to those which disrupt synaptic function and neuroplasticity following injury. Evidence suggests that glial cells interact extensively with neurons both chemically and physically, reinforcing their role as pivotal for higher brain functions such as learning and memory. Collectively, this mini review surveys investigations of how glial dysfunction following brain injury can alter mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and how this may be related to an increased risk for persistent memory deficits. We also include recent findings, that demonstrate new molecular avenues for clinical biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S S S Sajja
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Nora Hlavac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech University Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Pamela J VandeVord
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech University Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Casanova R, Varma S, Simpson B, Kim M, An Y, Saldana S, Riveros C, Moscato P, Griswold M, Sonntag D, Wahrheit J, Klavins K, Jonsson PV, Eiriksdottir G, Aspelund T, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Legido Quigley C, Thambisetty M. Blood metabolite markers of preclinical Alzheimer's disease in two longitudinally followed cohorts of older individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2016; 12:815-22. [PMID: 26806385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, quantitative metabolomics identified a panel of 10 plasma lipids that were highly predictive of conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in cognitively normal older individuals (n = 28, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.92, sensitivity/specificity of 90%/90%). METHODS Quantitative targeted metabolomics in serum using an identical method as in the index study. RESULTS We failed to replicate these findings in a substantially larger study from two independent cohorts-the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging ([BLSA], n = 93, AUC = 0.642, sensitivity/specificity of 51.6%/65.7%) and the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study ([AGES-RS], n = 100, AUC = 0.395, sensitivity/specificity of 47.0%/36.0%). In analyses applying machine learning methods to all 187 metabolite concentrations assayed, we find a modest signal in the BLSA with distinct metabolites associated with the preclinical and symptomatic stages of AD, whereas the same methods gave poor classification accuracies in the AGES-RS samples. DISCUSSION We believe that ours is the largest blood biomarker study of preclinical AD to date. These findings underscore the importance of large-scale independent validation of index findings from biomarker studies with relatively small sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Casanova
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Brittany Simpson
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College, London, UK
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Santiago Saldana
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Riveros
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Pablo Moscato
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Michael Griswold
- Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | | | | | - Palmi V Jonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Thor Aspelund
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | | | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Klavins K, Koal T, Dallmann G, Marksteiner J, Kemmler G, Humpel C. The ratio of phosphatidylcholines to lysophosphatidylcholines in plasma differentiates healthy controls from patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 1:295-302. [PMID: 26744734 PMCID: PMC4700585 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomic processes have been identified as being strongly linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, lipid metabolites appear to be highly useful as diagnostic substrates for the diagnosis of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in plasma. METHODS We analyzed plasma samples from controls (n = 35), MCI (n = 33), and AD patients (n = 43) using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit (Biocrates Life Sciences), which included quantitative analysis of 40 acylcarnitines, 21 amino acids, 19 biogenic amines, 15 sphingolipids, 90 glycerophospholipids, and sum of hexoses. RESULTS We found that individual lipid metabolites can differentiate controls from MCI and AD with relevant significance. However, the ratio between PC aa C34:4 and lysoPC a C18:2 differentiates controls from MCI (P = .0000007) and from AD (P = .0000009) with greater significance. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence that the ratio of these two lipid metabolites is useful for diagnosing MCI and AD with an accuracy of 82%-85%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Georg Kemmler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of General and Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Humpel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of General and Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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