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Gull N, Arshad F, Naikoo GA, Hassan IU, Pedram MZ, Ahmad A, Aljabali AAA, Mishra V, Satija S, Charbe N, Negi P, Goyal R, Serrano-Aroca Á, Al Zoubi MS, El-Tanani M, Tambuwala MM. Recent Advances in Anticancer Activity of Novel Plant Extracts and Compounds from Curcuma longa in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:368-390. [PMID: 35285010 PMCID: PMC8918363 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among all forms of cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. There are several treatment options for HCC ranging from loco-regional therapy to surgical treatment. Yet, there is high morbidity and mortality. Recent research focus has shifted towards more effective and less toxic cancer treatment options. Curcumin, the active ingredient in the Curcuma longa plant, has gained widespread attention in recent years because of its multifunctional properties as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar was performed for studies reporting incidence of HCC, risk factors associated with cirrhosis and experimental use of curcumin as an anti-cancer agent. RESULTS This review exclusively encompasses the anti-cancer properties of curcumin in HCC globally and it's postulated molecular targets of curcumin when used against liver cancers. CONCLUSIONS This review is concluded by presenting the current challenges and future perspectives of novel plant extracts derived from C. longa and the treatment options against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nighat Gull
- School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, 32, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Fareeha Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P., India
| | - Gowhar A Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Israr Ul Hassan
- College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mona Zamani Pedram
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering-Energy Division, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box: 19395-1999, No. 15-19, Pardis St., Mollasadra Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, 1999 143344, Iran
| | - Arif Ahmad
- School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, 32, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Charbe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, 78363, USA
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials & Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mazhar S Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, County Londonderry, UK.
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Elkhawaga OY, Ellety MM, Mofty SO, Ghanem MS, Mohamed AO. Review of natural compounds for potential psoriasis treatment. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1183-1198. [PMID: 36995575 PMCID: PMC10229448 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis represents an immune-mediated disease with an unclear cause that's marked by inflammation triggered by dysfunction in the immune system, which results in inflammation in various parts of the skin. There could be obvious symptoms, such as elevated plaques; these plaques may appear differently depending on the type of skin. This disease can cause inflammation in the elbows, lower back, scalp, knees, or other regions of the body. It can begin at any age, although it most commonly affects individuals between the ages of 50 and 60. Specific cells (such as T cells) have been observed to play an obvious role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, in addition to specific immunological molecules such as TNF-, IL-12, IL-23, IL-17, and other molecules that can aid in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. So, during the past two decades, biologists have created chemical drugs that target these cells or molecules and therefore prevent the disease from occurring. Alefacept, efalizumab, Adalimumab, Ustekinumab, and Secukinumab are a few examples of chemical drugs. It was discovered that these chemical drugs have long-term side effects that can cause defects in the patient's body, such as the development of the rare but life-threatening disorder progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PCL). Its rapidly progressive infection of the central nervous system caused by the JC virus and other drugs may cause increased production of neutralising anti-drug antibodies (ADA) and the risk of infusion reactions like pruritus, flushing, hypertension, headache, and rash. So, our context intends to talk in our review about natural products or plants that may have therapeutic characteristics for this disease and may have few or no side effects on the patient's body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omali Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Ellety
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sheref O Mofty
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Ghanem
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdallah O Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Ballester P, Cerdá B, Arcusa R, García-Muñoz AM, Marhuenda J, Zafrilla P. Antioxidant Activity in Extracts from Zingiberaceae Family: Cardamom, Turmeric, and Ginger. Molecules 2023; 28:4024. [PMID: 37241765 PMCID: PMC10220638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in life expectancy leads to a greater impact of chronic non-communicable diseases. This is even more remarkable in elder populations, to whom these become main determinants of health status, affecting mental and physical health, quality of life, and autonomy. Disease appearance is closely related to the levels of cellular oxidation, pointing out the importance of including foods in one's diet that can prevent oxidative stress. Previous studies and clinical data suggest that some plant-based products can slow and reduce the cellular degradation associated with aging and age-related diseases. Many plants from one family present several applications that range from the food to the pharmaceutical industry due to their characteristic flavor and scents. The Zingiberaceae family, which includes cardamom, turmeric, and ginger, has bioactive compounds with antioxidant activities. They also have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiemetic activities and properties that help prevent cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. These products are abundant sources of chemical substances, such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and diarylheptanoids. The main bioactive compounds found in this family (cardamom, turmeric, and ginger) are 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, β-turmerone, and α-zingiberene. The present review gathers evidence surrounding the effects of dietary intake of extracts of the Zingiberaceae family and their underlying mechanisms of action. These extracts could be an adjuvant treatment for oxidative-stress-related pathologies. However, the bioavailability of these compounds needs to be optimized, and further research is needed to determine appropriate concentrations and their antioxidant effects in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raúl Arcusa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.B.); (B.C.); (A.M.G.-M.); (J.M.); (P.Z.)
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Naz R, Saqib F, Awadallah S, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal I, Mubarak MS. Food Polyphenols and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103996. [PMID: 37241737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus and its related complications are growing public health problems. Many natural products present in our diet, including polyphenols, can be used in treating and managing type II diabetes mellitus and different diseases, owing to their numerous biological properties. Anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, and phenolic acids are common polyphenols found in blueberries, chokeberries, sea-buckthorn, mulberries, turmeric, citrus fruits, and cereals. These compounds exhibit antidiabetic effects through different pathways. Accordingly, this review presents an overview of the most recent developments in using food polyphenols for managing and treating type II diabetes mellitus, along with various mechanisms. In addition, the present work summarizes the literature about the anti-diabetic effect of food polyphenols and evaluates their potential as complementary or alternative medicines to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Results obtained from this survey show that anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and phenolic acids can manage diabetes mellitus by protecting pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity, promoting β-cell proliferation, reducing β-cell apoptosis, and inhibiting α-glucosidases or α-amylase. In addition, these phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, optimize oxidative stress, reduce insulin resistance, and stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. They also activate insulin signaling and inhibit digestive enzymes, regulate intestinal microbiota, improve adipose tissue metabolism, inhibit glucose absorption, and inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. However, insufficient data are available on the effective mechanisms necessary to manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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D'andurain J, López V, Arazo-Rusindo M, Tiscornia C, Aicardi V, Simón L, Mariotti-Celis MS. Effect of Curcumin Consumption on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients on Hemodialysis: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102239. [PMID: 37242121 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages lead to exacerbated inflammation and oxidative stress. Patients with CKD in stage 5 need renal hemodialysis (HD) to remove toxins and waste products. However, this renal replacement therapy is inefficient in controlling inflammation. Regular curcumin consumption has been shown to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with chronic pathologies, suggesting that the daily intake of curcumin may alleviate these conditions in HD patients. This review analyzes the available scientific evidence regarding the effect of curcumin intake on oxidative stress and inflammation in HD patients, focusing on the mechanisms and consequences of HD and curcumin consumption. The inclusion of curcumin as a dietary therapeutic supplement in HD patients has shown to control the inflammation status. However, the optimal dose and oral vehicle for curcumin administration are yet to be determined. It is important to consider studies on curcumin bioaccessibility to design effective oral administration vehicles. This information will contribute to the achievement of future nutritional interventions that validate the efficacy of curcumin supplementation as part of diet therapy in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera D'andurain
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
| | - Vanessa López
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
| | - Migdalia Arazo-Rusindo
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
| | - Caterina Tiscornia
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
| | - Valeria Aicardi
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Escuela de Post Grado, Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 8331051, Chile
| | - Layla Simón
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
| | - María Salomé Mariotti-Celis
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago 7501015, Chile
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Wang Y, Dai G, Lin Z, Cheng C, Zhou X, Song M, Chen P, Ma S, Hu Y, Liu G, Yu B. TWIST1 rescue calcium overload and apoptosis induced by inflammatory microenvironment in S. aureus-induced osteomyelitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110153. [PMID: 37071966 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is no effective therapy for Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis. It is widely recognized that the inflammatory microenvironment around abscess plays an essential role in protracting the course of S. aureus-induced osteomyelitis. In this study, we found TWIST1 was highly expressed in macrophages around abscesses but less related to local S. aureus in the later stages of Staphylococcus aureus-infected osteomyelitis. Mouse bone marrow macrophages show apoptosis and elevated TWIST1 expression when treated with the inflammatory medium. Knockdown of TWIST1 induced macrophage apoptosis, impaired the bacteria phagocytosis/killing abilities, and promoted cell apoptosis markers expression in inflammatory microenvironment stimulation. Furthermore, inflammatory microenvironments were responsible for inducing calcium overload in macrophage mitochondrial while calcium overload inhibition significantly rescued macrophage apoptosis, bacteria phagocytosis/killing abilities and improved the mice's antimicrobial ability. Our findings indicated that TWIST1 is a crucial molecule that protects macrophages from calcium overload induced by inflammatory microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexin Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caiyu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyou Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingrui Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopedics, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan, Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Sushuang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Slowing K, Gomez F, Delgado M, Fernández de la Rosa R, Hernández-Martín N, Pozo MÁ, García-García L. PET Imaging and Neurohistochemistry Reveal that Curcumin Attenuates Brain Hypometabolism and Hippocampal Damage Induced by Status Epilepticus in Rats. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:364-376. [PMID: 36130709 DOI: 10.1055/a-1948-4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous preclinical studies provide evidence that curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical extracted from Curcuma longa (turmeric) has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against various neurological disorders. Curcumin neuroprotective effects have been reported in different animal models of epilepsy, but its potential effect attenuating brain glucose hypometabolism, considered as an early marker of epileptogenesis that occurs during the silent period following status epilepticus (SE), still has not been addressed. To this end, we used the lithium-pilocarpine rat model to induce SE. Curcumin was administered orally (300 mg/kg/day, for 17 days). Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in vivo by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]Fluoro-D-Glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, hippocampal integrity, neurodegeneration, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and reactive astrogliosis were evaluated as markers of brain damage. SE resulted in brain glucose hypometabolism accompanied by body weight (BW) loss, hippocampal neuronal damage, and neuroinflammation. Curcumin did not reduce the latency time to the SE onset, nor the mortality rate associated with SE. Nevertheless, it reduced the number of seizures, and in the surviving rats, curcumin protected BW and attenuated the short-term glucose brain hypometabolism as well as the signs of neuronal damage and neuroinflammation induced by the SE. Overall, our results support the potential adaptogen-like effects of curcumin attenuating key features of SE-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Slowing
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- BIOIMAC, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nira Hernández-Martín
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pozo
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Shi H, Chen Y, Guo Q, Tao L, Wu X, Shen X, Liu W. Dual-drug loaded hybrid nanoparticle for combined tumor cocktail chemo-photothermal therapy and anti-inflammation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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Dehzad MJ, Ghalandari H, Nouri M, Askarpour M. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin/turmeric supplementation in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cytokine 2023; 164:156144. [PMID: 36804260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Turmeric and its prominent bioactive compound, curcumin, have been the subject of many investigations with regard to their impact on inflammatory and oxidative balance in the body. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the existing literature on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which examined this hypothesis. Major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar) were searched from inception up to October 2022. Relevant studies meeting our eligibility criteria were obtained. Main outcomes included inflammatory markers (i.e. C-reactive protein(CRP), tumour necrosis factorα(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β)) and markers of oxidative stress (i.e. total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde(MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity). Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were reported. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Sixty-six RCTs were included in the final analysis. We observed that turmeric/curcumin supplementation significantly reduces levels of inflammatory markers, including CRP (WMD: -0.58 mg/l, 95 % CI: -0.74, -0.41), TNF-α (WMD: -3.48 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -4.38, -2.58), and IL-6 (WMD: -1.31 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -1.58, -0.67); except for IL-1β (WMD: -0.46 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -1.18, 0.27) for which no significant change was found. Also, turmeric/curcumin supplementation significantly improved anti-oxidant activity through enhancing TAC (WMD = 0.21 mmol/l; 95 % CI: 0.08, 0.33), reducing MDA levels (WMD = -0.33 µmol /l; 95 % CI: -0.53, -0.12), and SOD activity (WMD = 20.51 u/l; 95 % CI: 7.35, 33.67). It seems that turmeric/curcumin supplementation might be used as a viable intervention for improving inflammatory/oxidative status of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Dehzad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Department of community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Department of community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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60
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Jiang Y, Zong Y, Du Y, Zhang M, Ye F, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhu C, Tang Z. Curcumin inhibits the pruritus in mice through mast cell MrgprB2 receptor. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:933-945. [PMID: 36997814 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a diketone compound extracted from the rhizomes of some plants in the Zingiberaceae and Araceae family. It possesses a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. However, the cellular and molecular antipruritic mechanisms of curcumin remain to be explored. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to study the role of curcumin in pruritus and determine whether its antipruritic effect is related to MrgprB2 receptor. METHODS The effect of curcumin on pruritus in mice was examined by scratching behavior test. The antipruritic mechanism of curcumin was explored by using transgenic mice (MrgprB2-/- mice, MrgprB2CreTd/tomato mice), histological analysis, western blot and immunofluorescence. In addition, the relationship between curcumin and MrgprB2/X2 receptor was studied in vitro by using calcium imaging, plasmid transfection and molecular docking RESULTS: In the current study, we found that curcumin had obvious antipruritic effect. Its antipruritic effect was related to the regulation of MrgprB2 receptor activation and mast cells tryptase release. In vitro, mouse peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 could be inhibited by curcumin. In addition, curcumin was also found to suppress the calcium flux in MrgprX2 or MrgprB2-overexpression HEK cells induced by compound 48/80, substance P, and PAMP 9-20, displaying the specific relation with the MrgprB2/X2 receptor. Moreover, molecular docking results showed that curcumin had affinity to MrgprX2 protein. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results indicated that curcumin has the potential to treat pruritus induced by mast cell MrgprB2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Jiang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingxin Zong
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Du
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chan Zhu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Ghasemi SZ, Beigoli S, Memarzia A, Behrouz S, Gholamnezhad Z, Darroudi M, Amin F, Boskabady MH. Paraquat-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in rats improved by Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, curcumin and a PPAR agonist. Toxicon 2023; 227:107090. [PMID: 36965712 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Curcuma longa (Cl) ethanolic extract, nano-curcumin (Cu) and a PPARγ activator, pioglitazone on inhaled paraquat (PQ)-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress was examined in the present study. Control rats were exposed to normal saline and PQ groups to 27 and 54 mg/m3 (PQ-L and PQ-H) aerosols. Nine other PQ-H groups were treated with Curcuma longa (Cl, 150 and 600 mg/kg/day), nano-curcumin (Cu, 2 and 8 mg/kg/day), pioglitazone (Pio, 5 and 10 mg/kg), low dose of Pio + Cl and Cu and dexamethasone (0.03 mg/kg/day) for 16 days after PQ exposure period (n = 8). Total and differential WBC counts, malondialdehyde (MDA) and TNF-α levels were increased but thiol, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were decreased in the blood in the both PQ groups (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Treatment with Dexa and both doses of Cl, Cu, and Pio improved all measured variables compared to the PQ-H group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The improvements of most variables in the treated group with low dose of Pio + Cl and Cu were higher than the effects of three agents alone. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled PQ were improved by Cl, Cu and Pio. In addition, a synergic effect between Pio with those of Cl and Cu was shown, suggesting PPARγ mediated effects of the plant and its derivative Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Ghasemi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Sima Beigoli
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Arghavan Memarzia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Sepideh Behrouz
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
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Luan MZ, Zhang XF, Yang Y, Meng QG, Hou GG. Anti-inflammatory activity of fluorine-substituted benzo[h]quinazoline-2-amine derivatives as NF-κB inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106360. [PMID: 36652807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive inflammation can cause loss of tissue or organ function, leading to a number of chronic diseases and sometimes even death. Traditional treatment strategies for inflammation have mainly involved steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but both have increasingly prominent side effects. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitors with anti-inflammatory properties and low toxicity are a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. To obtain novel NF-κB inhibitors, a series of 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one derivatives (DHNs 6a-s), 1,4,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-2-amine derivatives (BQAs 7a-c) and 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-2-amine derivatives (BQAs 8a-p) were designed and synthesized, and characterized by NMR and HRMS. By evaluating toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties, fluorine-substituted 8c showed more potential anti-inflammatory activity and lower toxicity. 8c significantly reduced the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65, thereby inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, 8c markedly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and downregulated the expression of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and cysteine aspartate protein hydrolase-1 (caspase-1). Therefore, compound 8c is expected to be a candidate compound for NF-κB inhibition and deserves further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Luan
- School of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Qing-Guo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China.
| | - Gui-Ge Hou
- School of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Zhou YJ, Tang Y, Liu SJ, Zeng PH, Qu L, Jing QC, Yin WJ. Radiation-induced liver disease: beyond DNA damage. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:506-526. [PMID: 36214587 PMCID: PMC9928481 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2131163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced liver disease (RILD), also known as radiation hepatitis, is a serious side effect of radiotherapy (RT) for hepatocellular carcinoma. The therapeutic dose of RT can damage normal liver tissue, and the toxicity that accumulates around the irradiated liver tissue is related to numerous physiological and pathological processes. RILD may restrict treatment use or eventually deteriorate into liver fibrosis. However, the research on the mechanism of radiation-induced liver injury has seen little progress compared with that on radiation injury in other tissues, and no targeted clinical pharmacological treatment for RILD exists. The DNA damage response caused by ionizing radiation plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of RILD. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarize the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in RILD. Such an analysis is essential for preventing the occurrence and development of RILD and further exploring the potential treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Si Jian Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Hui Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Cheng Jing
- The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Jun Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Modulating Inflammation-Mediated Diseases via Natural Phenolic Compounds Loaded in Nanocarrier Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020699. [PMID: 36840021 PMCID: PMC9964760 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The global increase and prevalence of inflammatory-mediated diseases have been a great menace to human welfare. Several works have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potentials of natural polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoid derivatives (EGCG, rutin, apigenin, naringenin) and phenolic acids (GA, CA, etc.), among others (resveratrol, curcumin, etc.). In order to improve the stability and bioavailability of these natural polyphenolic compounds, their recent loading applications in both organic (liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, etc.) and inorganic (mesoporous silica, heavy metals, etc.) nanocarrier technologies are being employed. A great number of studies have highlighted that, apart from improving their stability and bioavailability, nanocarrier systems also enhance their target delivery, while reducing drug toxicity and adverse effects. This review article, therefore, covers the recent advances in the drug delivery of anti-inflammatory agents loaded with natural polyphenolics by the application of both organic and inorganic nanocarriers. Even though nanocarrier technology offers a variety of possible anti-inflammatory advantages to naturally occurring polyphenols, the complexes' inherent properties and mechanisms of action have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, expanding the quest on novel natural polyphenolic-loaded delivery systems, together with the optimization of complexes' activity toward inflammation, will be a new direction of future efforts.
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Curcumin Ameliorates Age-Induced Tight Junction Impaired in Porcine Sertoli Cells by Inactivating the NLRP3 Inflammasome through the AMPK/SIRT3/SOD2/mtROS Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:1708251. [PMID: 36846717 PMCID: PMC9957632 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1708251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Blood-testis barrier (BTB) made of concomitant junction apparatus between Sertoli cells (SCs) is crucial for spermatogenesis. The tight junction (TJ) function is impaired in SCs with age, exhibiting an intimate relationship to testicular dysfunction induced by age. In this study, compared with those in young boars, TJ proteins (i.e., Occludin, ZO-1, and plus Claudin-11) were discovered to have reduced expressions in testes, and spermatogenesis ability declined in old boars. An in vitro age model for D-gal-treated porcine SCs was established, the performance of Curcumin as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound in affecting the TJ function of SCs was appraised, and related molecular mechanisms were exploited. The results manifested that 40 g/L D-gal downregulated ZO-1, Claudin-11, and Occludin in terms of the expression in SCs, whereas Curcumin restored such expressions in D-gal-treated SCs. Using the AMPK and SIRT3 inhibiters demonstrated that activation of the AMPK/SIRT3 pathway was associated with Curcumin, which not only rescued the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-11, and SOD2 but also inhibited the production of mtROS and ROS and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and release of IL-1β in D-gal-treated SCs. Furthermore, with mtROS scavenger (mito-TEMPO), NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950) plus IL-1Ra treatment ameliorated D-gal-caused TJ protein decline in SCs. In vivo data also showed that Curcumin alleviated TJ impairment in murine testes, improved D-gal-triggered spermatogenesis ability, and inactivated the NLRP3 inflammasome by virtue of the AMPK/SIRT3/mtROS/SOD2 signal transduction pathway. Given the above findings, a novel mechanism where Curcumin modulates BTB function to improve spermatogenesis ability in age-related male reproductive disorder is characterized.
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Alkahtani S, S. AL-Johani N, Alarifi S, Afzal M. Cytotoxicity Mechanisms of Blue-Light-Activated Curcumin in T98G Cell Line: Inducing Apoptosis through ROS-Dependent Downregulation of MMP Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043842. [PMID: 36835252 PMCID: PMC9961595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the photodynamic activation of Curcumin under blue light in glioblastoma T98G cells. The therapeutic effect of Curcumin, in both the absence and presence of blue light, was measured by the MTT assay and apoptosis progression using flow cytometry. Fluorescence imaging was carried out to evaluate Curcumin uptake. Photodynamic activation of Curcumin (10 µM), in the presence of blue light, enhanced its cytotoxic effect, resulting in the activation of ROS-dependent apoptotic pathways in T98G cells. The gene expression studies showed the expression of matrixes metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and 9 (MMP9) decrease with Curcumin (10 µM) under blue light exposure, indicating possible proteolytic mechanisms. Moreover, the cytometric appearance displayed that the expressions of NF-κB and Nrf2 were found to be increased upon exposure to blue light, which revealed a significant induction of expression of nuclear factor as a result of blue-light-induced oxidative stress and cell death. These data further demonstrate that Curcumin exhibited a photodynamic effect via induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis in the presence of blue light. Our results suggest that the application of blue light enhances the therapeutic efficacy of Curcumin in glioblastoma because of the phototherapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah S. AL-Johani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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González Y, Mojica-Flores R, Moreno-Labrador D, Cubilla-Rios L, Rao KSJ, Fernández PL, Larionov OV, Lakey-Beitia J. Polyphenols with Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Curcumin Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043691. [PMID: 36835104 PMCID: PMC9966181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activities of new curcumin derivatives. The thirteen curcumin derivatives were synthesized by Steglich esterification on one or both of the phenolic rings of curcumin with the aim of providing improved anti-inflammatory activity. Monofunctionalized compounds showed better bioactivity than the difunctionalized derivatives in terms of inhibiting IL-6 production, and known compound 2 presented the highest activity. Additionally, this compound showed strong activity against PGE2. Structure-activity relationship studies were carried out for both IL-6 and PGE2, and it was found that the activity of this series of compounds increases when a free hydroxyl group or aromatic ligands are present on the curcumin ring and a linker moiety is absent. Compound 2 remained the highest activity in modulating IL-6 production and showed strong activity against PGE2 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisett González
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Randy Mojica-Flores
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
| | - Dilan Moreno-Labrador
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
| | - Luis Cubilla-Rios
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Laboratory of Tropical Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City 0824-03366, Panama
| | - K. S. Jagannatha Rao
- Center for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF) Deemed to be University, Vaddeswaram 522 302, India
| | - Patricia L. Fernández
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Oleg V. Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (J.L.-B.); Tel.: +1-210-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +507-517-0700 (J.L.-B.)
| | - Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (J.L.-B.); Tel.: +1-210-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +507-517-0700 (J.L.-B.)
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Hai YP, Lee ACH, Chen K, Kahaly GJ. Traditional Chinese medicine in thyroid-associated orbitopathy. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:1103-1113. [PMID: 36781592 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orbital fibroblasts (OF) are considered the central target cells in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), which comprises orbital inflammation, orbital tissue edema, adipogenesis, fibrosis, oxidative stress and autophagy. Certain active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) demonstrated inhibition of TAO-OF in pre-clinical studies and they could be translated into novel therapeutic strategies. METHODS The pertinent and current literature of pre-clinical studies on TAO investigating the effects of active ingredients of TCM was reviewed using the NCBI PubMed database. RESULTS Eleven TCM compounds demonstrated inhibition of TAO-OF in-vitro and three of them (polydatin, curcumin, and gypenosides) resulted in improvement in TAO mouse models. Tanshinone IIA reduced inflammation, oxidative stress and adipogenesis. Both resveratrol and its precursor polydatin displayed anti-oxidative and anti-adipogenic properties. Celastrol inhibited inflammation and triptolide prevented TAO-OF activation, while icariin inhibited autophagy and adipogenesis. Astragaloside IV reduced inflammation via suppressing autophagy and inhibited fat accumulation as well as collagen deposition. Curcumin displayed multiple actions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-adipogenic, anti-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic effects via multiple signaling pathways. Gypenosides reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue fibrosis, as well as oxidative stress mediated autophagy and apoptosis. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited OF proliferation, inflammation, hyaluronan (HA) production, and fibrosis. Berberine attenuated inflammation, HA production, adipogenesis, and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Clinical trials of different phases with adequate power and sound methodology will be warranted to evaluate the appropriate dosage, safety and efficacy of these compounds in the management of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Hai
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Langenbeckstreet 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - A C H Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - G J Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Langenbeckstreet 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Waiprib Y, Ingrungruengluet P, Worawattanamateekul W. Nanoparticles Based on Chondroitin Sulfate from Tuna Heads and Chitooligosaccharides for Enhanced Water Solubility and Sustained Release of Curcumin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040834. [PMID: 36850119 PMCID: PMC9965308 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to separate chondroitin sulfate (CS) from the heads of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), by-products derived from canned tuna processing, via a biological process. The use of 1% w/w papain and an incubation time of 48 h resulted in a degree of hydrolysis of 93.75 ± 2.94% and a CS content of 59.53 ± 1.77 mg/100 g. The FTIR spectra of extracted CS products exhibited identical functional groups found in commercially available CS. The molecular weights of CS extracted from skipjack and yellowfin tuna heads were 11.0 kDa and 7.7 kDa, respectively. Subsequently, a CH:CS ratio of 3:2 for CS and chitooligosaccharides (CH) was chosen as the optimal ratio for the preparation of spherical nanoparticles, with %EE, mean particle size, PDI, and zeta potential values of 50.89 ± 0.66%, 128.90 ± 3.29 nm, 0.27 ± 0.04, and -12.47 ± 2.06, respectively. The CU content was enhanced to 127.21 ± 1.66 μg/mL. The release of CU from this particular nanosystem involved mainly a drug diffusion mechanism, with a burst release in the first 3 h followed by a sustained release of CU over 24 h. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity results confirmed the efficient encapsulation of CU into CHCS nanoparticles. This study will provide a theoretical basis for CS derived from tuna head cartilages to be used as a functional component with specific functional properties in food and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowapha Waiprib
- Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-814592125
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Sureshbabu A, Smirnova E, Karthikeyan A, Moniruzzaman M, Kalaiselvi S, Nam K, Goff GL, Min T. The impact of curcumin on livestock and poultry animal's performance and management of insect pests. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1048067. [PMID: 36816192 PMCID: PMC9936197 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1048067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based natural products are alternative to antibiotics that can be employed as growth promoters in livestock and poultry production and attractive alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for insect pest management. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma spp.) and has been suggested to have a number of therapeutic benefits in the treatment of human diseases. It is also credited for its nutritional and pesticide properties improving livestock and poultry production performances and controlling insect pests. Recent studies reported that curcumin is an excellent feed additive contributing to poultry and livestock animal growth and disease resistance. Also, they detailed the curcumin's growth-inhibiting and insecticidal activity for reducing agricultural insect pests and insect vector-borne human diseases. This review aims to highlight the role of curcumin in increasing the growth and development of poultry and livestock animals and in controlling insect pests. We also discuss the challenges and knowledge gaps concerning curcumin use and commercialization as a feed additive and insect repellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sureshbabu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Elena Smirnova
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Senthil Kalaiselvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiwoong Nam
- DGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Gaelle Le Goff
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Taesun Min
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Taesun Min ✉
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Paul AK, Lim CL, Apu MAI, Dolma KG, Gupta M, de Lourdes Pereira M, Wilairatana P, Rahmatullah M, Wiart C, Nissapatorn V. Are Fermented Foods Effective against Inflammatory Diseases? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2481. [PMID: 36767847 PMCID: PMC9915096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fermented foods have been used over the centuries in various parts of the world. These foods are rich in nutrients and are produced naturally using various biological tools like bacteria and fungi. Fermentation of edible foods has been rooted in ancient cultures to keep food for preservation and storage for a long period of time with desired or enhanced nutritional values. Inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and chronic inflammatory pain are chronic disorders that are difficult to treat, and current treatments for these disorders fail due to various adverse effects of prescribed medications over a long period of time. Fermented foods containing probiotic bacteria and fungi can enhance the immune system, improve gastrointestinal health, and lower the risk of developing various inflammatory diseases. Foods prepared from vegetables by fermentation, like kimchi, sauerkraut, soy-based foods, or turmeric, lack proper clinical and translational experimental studies. The current review has focused on the effectiveness of various fermented foods or drinks used over centuries against inflammation, arthritis, and oxidative stress. We also described potential limitations on the efficacies or usages of these fermented products to provide an overarching picture of the research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Chooi Ling Lim
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Md. Aminul Islam Apu
- Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Karma G. Dolma
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok 737102, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Re-search University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Christophe Wiart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Lee MK, Kim HD, Lee SH, Lee JH. Curcumin Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury through Bimodal Regulation of Macrophage Inflammation via NF-κB and Nrf2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031858. [PMID: 36768180 PMCID: PMC9915121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct effects of particulate matter (PM) on lung injury and its specific molecular mechanisms are unclear. However, experimental evidence has shown that oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in macrophages is the main pathological outcome of PM exposure. Curcumin has been reported to protect organs against the disturbance of homeostasis caused by various toxic agents through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, the protective action of curcumin against PM-induced pulmonary inflammation and the underlying mechanism have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we established a PM-induced pulmonary inflammation mouse model using the intratracheal instillation method to investigate the protective ability of curcumin against PM-induced pulmonary inflammation. Compared to the mice treated with PM only, the curcumin-treated mice showed alleviated alveolar damage, decreased immune cell infiltration, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine production in both lung tissue and BALF. To evaluate the underlying mechanism, the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used. Pretreatment with curcumin prevented the production of PM-induced proinflammatory cytokines by deactivating NF-κB through the suppression of MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, curcumin appears to attenuate PM-induced oxidative stress through the activation of Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant signaling. Our findings demonstrate that curcumin protects against PM-induced lung injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory activation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kook Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Research Group for Omics-Based Bio-Health in Food Industry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Dam Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Research Group for Omics-Based Bio-Health in Food Industry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Research Group for Omics-Based Bio-Health in Food Industry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Biological Clock-Based Anti-Aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-044-860-1764 (J.H.L.)
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Research Group for Omics-Based Bio-Health in Food Industry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Biological Clock-Based Anti-Aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-044-860-1764 (J.H.L.)
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Hussain S, Ashafaq M, Alshahrani S, Bokar IAM, Siddiqui R, Alam MI, Taha MME, Almoshari Y, Alqahtani SS, Ahmed RA, Jali AM, Qadri M. Hepatoprotective Effect of Curcumin Nano-Lipid Carrier against Cypermethrin Toxicity by Countering the Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Apoptotic Changes in Wistar Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:881. [PMID: 36677938 PMCID: PMC9864069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential hepatoprotective activity of curcumin-incorporated nano-lipid carrier (Cur-NLC) against cypermethrin (Cyp) toxicity in adult Wistar male rats. All animals in groups III, IV, V, and VI were subjected to Cyp (50 mg/kg) toxicity for 15 days. Three different doses of Cur-NLC (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg/day) were administered orally for 10 days. The toxic effects were evaluated considering the increases in serum hepatic biomarkers alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein and albumin, and lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as a decrease in antioxidative activity (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase) and the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Immunohistochemistry studies of proteins (NF-κB, Apaf-1, 4-HNE, and Bax) showed enhanced expression, and histopathological examination revealed architectural changes in liver cells, indicating liver toxicity in animals. Toxicity was determined by quantitative and qualitative determinations of DNA fragmentation, which show massive apoptosis with Cyp treatment. The administration of Cur-NLC significantly ameliorates all changes caused by Cyp, such as a decrease in the levels of serum liver markers, an increase in antioxidative parameters, a decrease in expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB), and apoptosis (caspases-3, 9, Apaf-1, 4-HNE, and Bax), according to calorimetric and immunohistochemistry studies. The smear-like pattern of DNA is ameliorated similarly to the control at a high dose of Cur-NLC. Furthermore, all histopathological changes were reduced to a level close to the control. In conclusion, Cur-NLC could be a potent nutraceutical that exhibits a hepatoprotective effect against Cyp-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ashafaq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. M. Bokar
- Pharmaceutical Science in Applied Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahimullah Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Intakhab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed M. Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
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Monticelli M, Hay Mele B, Allocca M, Liguori L, Lukas J, Monti MC, Morretta E, Cubellis MV, Andreotti G. Curcumin Has Beneficial Effects on Lysosomal Alpha-Galactosidase: Potential Implications for the Cure of Fabry Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021095. [PMID: 36674610 PMCID: PMC9863837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that encodes alpha-galactosidase (AGAL). The disease causes abnormal globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) storage in the lysosomes. Variants responsible for the genotypic spectrum of Fabry disease include mutations that abolish enzymatic activity and those that cause protein instability. The latter can be successfully treated with small molecules that either bind and stabilize AGAL or indirectly improve its cellular activity. This paper describes the first attempt to reposition curcumin, a nutraceutical, to treat Fabry disease. We tested the efficacy of curcumin in a cell model and found an improvement in AGAL activity for 80% of the tested mutant genotypes (four out of five tested). The fold-increase was dependent on the mutant and ranged from 1.4 to 2.2. We produced evidence that supports a co-chaperone role for curcumin when administered with AGAL pharmacological chaperones (1-deoxygalactonojirimycin and galactose). The combined treatment with curcumin and either pharmacological chaperone was beneficial for four out of five tested mutants and showed fold-increases ranging from 1.1 to 2.3 for DGJ and from 1.1 to 2.8 for galactose. Finally, we tested a long-term treatment on one mutant (L300F) and detected an improvement in Gb3 clearance and lysosomal markers (LAMP-1 and GAA). Altogether, our findings confirmed the necessity of personalized therapies for Fabry patients and paved the way to further studies and trials of treatments for Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monticelli
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Bruno Hay Mele
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Allocca
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ludovica Liguori
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Chiara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Cubellis
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-679-152
| | - Giuseppina Andreotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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Dastani M, Rahimi HR, Askari VR, Jaafari MR, Jarahi L, Yadollahi A, Rahimi VB. Three months of combination therapy with nano-curcumin reduces the inflammation and lipoprotein (a) in type 2 diabetic patients with mild to moderate coronary artery disease: Evidence of a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Biofactors 2023; 49:108-118. [PMID: 35674733 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Systemic inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) and lipid metabolism disruption (lipoprotein A, LipoPr (a)) play a critical role in developing and progressing atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome in diabetic patients. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin have been emphasized previously. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of nano-curcumin on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients with mild to moderate coronary artery disease (CAD). We performed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial with type 2 diabetic patients (n = 64), and mild to moderate CAD (<70% stenosis in angiography). The patients received nano-curcumin (80 mg/day) or placebo along with optimal medications for 90 days. The biofactors, including hs-CRP and LipoPr (a), and lipid profile, were measured at the admission of patients and end of the study. Nano-curcumin significantly mitigated the hs-CRP and LipoPr (a) levels following 90 days of treatment (P < 0.001 and P = 0.043, respectively). In addition, the mean percentage of change (%Δ) in the hs-CRP and LipoPr (a) levels were meaningfully reduced in the nano-curcumin group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). Surprisingly, nano-curcumin notably propagated the number of patients with mild (34.35%) and moderate (62.5%) hs-CRP level category and strikingly diminished the number of patients with severe hs-CRP level category (3.125%) compared to the placebo group (P = 0.016). Nano-curcumin (80 mg/day) might prevent atherosclerosis progression and, in terms of attenuating hs-CRP levels as an inflammation index, succedent cardiovascular events in diabetic heart patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Dastani
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asal Yadollahi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ottonelli I, Sharma A, Ruozi B, Tosi G, Duskey JT, Vandelli MA, Lafuente JV, Nozari A, Muresanu DF, Buzoianu AD, Tian ZR, Zhang Z, Li C, Feng L, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Nanowired Delivery of Curcumin Attenuates Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity and Elevates Levels of Dopamine and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 32:385-416. [PMID: 37480467 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a well-known antioxidant used as traditional medicine in China and India since ages to treat variety of inflammatory ailments as a food supplement. Curcumin has antitumor properties with neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease. Curcumin elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine (DA) levels in the brain indicating its role in substance abuse. Methamphetamine (METH) is one of the most abused substances in the world that induces profound neurotoxicity by inducing breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), vasogenic edema and cellular injuries. However, influence of curcumin on METH-induced neurotoxicity is still not well investigated. In this investigation, METH neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effects of curcumin nanodelivery were examined in a rat model. METH (20 mg/kg, i.p.) neurotoxicity is evident 4 h after its administration exhibiting breakdown of BBB to Evans blue albumin in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamus and hypothalamus associated with vasogenic brain edema as seen measured using water content in all these regions. Nissl attaining exhibited profound neuronal injuries in the regions of BBB damage. Normal curcumin (50 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 min after METH administration was able to reduce BBB breakdown and brain edema partially in some of the above brain regions. However, TiO2 nanowired delivery of curcumin (25 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly attenuated brain edema, neuronal injuries and the BBB leakage in all the brain areas. BDNF level showed a significant higher level in METH-treated rats as compared to saline-treated METH group. Significantly enhanced DA levels in METH-treated rats were also observed with nanowired delivery of curcumin. Normal curcumin was able to slightly elevate DA and BDNF levels in the selected brain regions. Taken together, our observations are the first to show that nanodelivery of curcumin induces superior neuroprotection in METH neurotoxicity probable by enhancing BDNF and DA levels in the brain, not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ottonelli
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dafin Fior Muresanu
- "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnosis, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Dept. Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Okamura A, Yoshioka Y, Saito Y, Ochiya T. Can Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems Be a Game Changer in Cardiac Disease? Pharm Res 2022; 40:889-908. [PMID: 36577860 PMCID: PMC10126064 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure have been the leading cause of death worldwide for more than 20 years, and new treatments continue to be investigated. Heart transplantation, a curative treatment for severe cardiac dysfunction, is available to only a small number of patients due to the rarity of donors and high costs. Cardiac regenerative medicine using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells is expected to be a new alternative to heart transplantation, but it has problems such as induction of immune response, tumor formation, and low survival rate of transplanted cells. On the other hand, there has been a focus on cell-free therapy using extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their high biocompatibility and target specificity. Exosomes, one type of EV, play a role in the molecular transport system in vivo and can be considered a drug delivery system (DDS) innate to all living things. Exosomes contain nucleic acids and proteins, which are transported from secretory cells to recipient cells. Molecules in exosomes are encapsulated in a lipid bilayer, which allows them to exist stably in body fluids without being affected by nuclease degradation enzymes. Therefore, the therapeutic use of exosomes as DDSs has been widely explored and is being used in clinical trials and other clinical settings. This review summarizes the current topics of EVs as DDSs in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
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78
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Zhang L, Qin Z, Sun H, Chen X, Dong J, Shen S, Zheng L, Gu N, Jiang Q. Nanoenzyme engineered neutrophil-derived exosomes attenuate joint injury in advanced rheumatoid arthritis via regulating inflammatory environment. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:1-14. [PMID: 35387158 PMCID: PMC8961303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis and destruction of cartilage, promoted by sustained inflammation. However, current treatments remain unsatisfactory due to lacking of selective and effective strategies for alleviating inflammatory environments in RA joint. Inspired by neutrophil chemotaxis for inflammatory region, we therefore developed neutrophil-derived exosomes functionalized with sub-5 nm ultrasmall Prussian blue nanoparticles (uPB-Exo) via click chemistry, inheriting neutrophil-targeted biological molecules and owning excellent anti-inflammatory properties. uPB-Exo can selectively accumulate in activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes, subsequently neutralizing pro-inflammatory factors, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and alleviating inflammatory stress. In addition, uPB-Exo effectively targeted to inflammatory synovitis, penetrated deeply into the cartilage and real-time visualized inflamed joint through MRI system, leading to precise diagnosis of RA in vivo with high sensitivity and specificity. Particularly, uPB-Exo induced a cascade of anti-inflammatory events via Th17/Treg cell balance regulation, thereby significantly ameliorating joint damage. Therefore, nanoenzyme functionalized exosomes hold the great potential for enhanced treatment of RA in clinic. uPB-Exo were firstly developed by combining NE-Exo with sub-5 nm ultrasmall PB nanoparticles via click chemistry. uPB-Exo selectively targeted inflamed joints via neutrophil-targeted biological molecules inherited from neutrophils. uPB-Exo accumulated in active FLS, and eventually scavenged reactive oxygen species and alleviated inflammatory stress. uPB-Exo induced a cascade of anti-inflammatory events via Th17/Treg cell balance regulation, thereby significantly ameliorating joint damage. uPB-Exo, as a drug free therapeutical agent, holds the great potential for enhanced treatment of RA in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Ziguo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Han Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Xiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Jian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Siyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Liming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Freitas E Silva-Santana NC, Rodrigues HCN, Pereira Martins TF, Braga CC, Silva MAC, Carlos da Cunha L, de Souza Freitas ATV, Costa NA, Peixoto MDRG. Turmeric supplementation with piperine is more effective than turmeric alone in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:648-655. [PMID: 36370961 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Turmeric has renop rotective effects that can act to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Piperine has been indicated as a bioavailability enhancer of turmeric and consequently of its biological effects. However, data on the efficacy of the turmeric/piperine combination in HD patients are limited. We aimed to verify whether turmeric supplementation in combination with piperine has a superior effect to turmeric alone in increasing antioxidant capacity and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in HD patients. METHODS This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted in HD patients (age 20-75 years). Patients were supplemented with turmeric (3 g/day) or turmeric/piperine (3 g turmeric + 2 mg piperine/day) for 12 weeks. Malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and ferritin were evaluated at baseline and the end of the study. RESULTS There was a reduction in the MDA and ferritin levels in the turmeric/piperine group and in the comparison between groups at the end of the study [MDA: -0.08(-0.14/0.01) nmol/mL versus -0.003(-0.10/0.26) nmol/mL, p = 0.003; ferritin: -193.80 ± 157.29 mg/mL versus 51.99 ± 293.25 mg/mL, p = 0.018]. In addition, GPx activity reduced in the turmeric group (p = 0.029). No changes were observed for CAT, GR, and hs-CRP. CONCLUSION Turmeric plus piperine was superior to turmeric alone in decreasing MDA and ferritin levels. The use of a combination of turmeric and piperine as a dietary intervention may be beneficial for modulating the status oxidative and inflammation in HD patients. BRAZILIAN REGISTRY OF CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER RBR-2t5zpd; Registration Date: May 2, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marina Alves Coelho Silva
- Federal University of Goias, Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, Faculty of Pharmacy, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Carlos da Cunha
- Federal University of Goias, Center of Studies and Research Toxic-Pharmacological, Faculty of Pharmacy, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
| | | | - Nara Aline Costa
- Federal University of Goias, Faculty of Nutrition, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil.
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80
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Sotebeer M, White ND. Potential Benefits of Curcumin in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022; 16:684-686. [PMID: 36389049 PMCID: PMC9644149 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221116063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Widely known as a curry spice, curcumin has a long history of use in the treatment of inflammatory conditions in Eastern Medicine. The spice is gaining interest in modern medicine for a diverse array of conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis. Evidence indicates curcumin can effectively suppress inflammation through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production as well as modulate B cell and T cell differentiation and function. The following article will evaluate the existing clinical trial literature assessing the impact of curcumin on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Potential mechanisms of action, bioavailability issues, and effective dosing will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Sotebeer
- School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nicole D White
- Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Omaha, NE, USA
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81
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Nosrati‐Oskouie M, Aghili‐Moghaddam NS, Tavakoli‐Rouzbehani O, Jamialahmadi T, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A dietary phytochemical for boosting exercise performance and recovery. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:3531-3543. [PMID: 36348809 PMCID: PMC9632206 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, as the main natural compound in the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), is a yellowish polyphenol that has been used traditionally in Asian countries as a medicinal herb for various types of disease and pathological conditions caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. In the present review, we conducted a comprehensive literature search for evidence that shows the effect of curcumin on factors influencing exercise performance, including muscle damage, muscle soreness, inflammation, and oxidative stress. During exercise, reactive oxygen species and inflammation are increased. Thus, if there is no balance between endogenous and exogenous antioxidants and increases in oxidative stress and inflammation, which is important for maintaining redox homeostasis in skeletal muscle, it can lead to muscle soreness and muscle damage and ultimately result in reduced exercise performance. Due to the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, it can increase exercise performance and decrease exercise-induced muscle soreness and muscle damage. It appears that curcumin supplementation can have positive effects on exercise performance and recovery, muscle damage and pain, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, there is still a need to precisely evaluate factors to more accurately assess/quantify the beneficial therapeutic effects of curcumin with regard to enhancing exercise performance and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nosrati‐Oskouie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | | | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Thomas P. Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of PharmacyUniversity of Missouri‐Kansas CityKansas CityMissouriUSA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- School of MedicineThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biotechnology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Grafeneder J, Derhaschnig U, Eskandary F, Buchtele N, Sus N, Frank J, Jilma B, Schoergenhofer C. Micellar Curcumin: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on Inflammation Markers and PCSK-9 Concentrations in Healthy Subjects in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200139. [PMID: 36101515 PMCID: PMC9787856 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Preclinical models have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering effects of curcumin. Innovative formulations have been developed to overcome the poor bioavailability of native curcumin. The study hypothesizes that the bioavailability of micellar curcumin is superior to native curcumin and investigates the potential anti-inflammatory and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentration lowering effects. METHODS AND RESULTS In this double-blind, randomized, crossover trial, 15 healthy volunteers receive micellar or native curcumin (105 mg day-1 ) for 7 days with a ≥7 days washout period. Curcumin and metabolite concentrations are quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD), and pharmacokinetics are calculated. To analyze anti-inflammatory effects, blood samples (baseline, 2 h, 7 days) are stimulated with 50 ng mL-1 lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF-α), and PCSK9 concentrations are quantified. Micellar curcumin demonstrates improved bioavailability (≈39-fold higher maximum concentrations, ≈14-fold higher area-under-the-time-concentration curve, p < 0.001) but does not reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the chosen model. Subjects receiving micellar curcumin have significantly lower PCSK9 concentrations (≈10% reduction) after 7 days compared to baseline (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION Micellar curcumin demonstrates an improved oral bioavailability but does not show anti-inflammatory effects in this model. Potential effects on PCSK9 concentrations warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Grafeneder
- Department of Emergency MedicineMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Ulla Derhaschnig
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Farsad Eskandary
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Nina Buchtele
- Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Nadine Sus
- Department of Food Biofunctionality (140b)Institute of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Jan Frank
- Department of Food Biofunctionality (140b)Institute of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
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Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases by Edible and Medicinal Plants and Their Active Compounds. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, defined by excessive fat mass and its associated low-grade chronic inflammation, leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunctions. The immunomodulatory properties of natural agents have gained much interest in recent decades. Some of the plant-derived agents are known to be immunomodulators that can affect both innate and adaptive immunity, e.g., thymoquinone, curcumin, punicalagin, resveratrol, quercetin, and genistein. Natural immunomodulators may contribute to the treatment of a number of inflammatory diseases, as they have significant efficacy and safety profiles. The immunomodulatory effects of traditional Greco-Arab and Islamic diets and medicinal plants are well acknowledged in abundant in vitro studies as well as in animal studies and clinical trials. This review highlights the role of Greco-Arab and Islamic diets and medicinal plants in the management of inflammation associated with obesity. Although previously published review articles address the effects of medicinal plants and phytochemicals on obesity-related inflammation, there is no systematic review that emphasizes clinical trials of the clinical significance of these plants and phytochemicals. Given this limitation, the objective of this comprehensive review is to critically evaluate the potential of the most used herbs in the management of obesity-related inflammation based on clinical trials.
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84
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Therapeutic potency of curcumin for allergic diseases: A focus on immunomodulatory actions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113646. [PMID: 36063645 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In light of increasing research evidence on the molecular mechanisms of allergic diseases, the crucial roles of innate and acquired immunity in the disease's pathogenesis have been well highlighted. In this respect, much attention has been paid to the modulation of unregulated and unabated inflammatory responses aiming to suppress pathologic immune responses in treating allergic diseases. One of the most important natural compounds with a high potency of immune modulation is curcumin, an active polyphenol compound derived from turmeric, Curcuma longa L. Curcumin's immunomodulatory action mainly arises from its interactions with an extensive collection of immune cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, epithelial cells, basophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. Up to now, there has been no detailed investigation of curcumin's immunomodulatory actions in allergic diseases. So, the present review study aims to prepare an overview of the immunomodulatory effects of curcumin on the pathologic innate immune responses and dysregulated functions of T helper (TH) subtypes, including TH1, TH2, TH17, and regulator T cells (Tregs) by gathering evidence from several studies of In-vitro and In-vivo. As the second aim of the present review, we also discuss some novel strategies to overcome the limitation of curcumin in clinical use. Finally, this review also assesses the therapeutic potential of curcumin regarding its immunomodulatory actions in allergic diseases.
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85
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Sethi V, Garg M, Herve M, Mobasheri A. Potential complementary and/or synergistic effects of curcumin and boswellic acids for management of osteoarthritis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221124545. [PMID: 36171802 PMCID: PMC9511324 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221124545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For several thousand years (~4000) Boswellia serrata and Curcuma longa have been used in Aryuvedic medicine for treatment of various illnesses, including asthma, peptic ulcers, and rheumatoid arthritis, all of which are mediated through pathways associated with inflammation and pain. Although the in vivo pharmacology of both these natural ingredients is difficult to study because of poor bioavailability, in vitro data suggest that both influence gene expression mediated through nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Therefore, the activity of pathways associated with inflammation (including NF-κB and lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-mediated reduction in leukotrienes/prostaglandins) and those involved in matrix degradation and apoptosis are reduced, resulting in a reduction in pain. Additive activity of boswellic acids and curcumin was observed in preclinical models and synergism was suggested in clinical trials for the management of osteoarthritis (OA) pain. Overall, studies of these natural ingredients, alone or in combination, revealed that these extracts relieved pain from OA and other inflammatory conditions. This may present an opportunity to improve patient care by offering alternatives for patients and physicians, and potentially reducing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory or other pharmacologic agent use. Additional research is needed on the effects of curcumin on the microbiome and the influence of intestinal metabolism on the activity of curcuminoids to further enhance formulations to ensure sufficient anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity. This narrative review includes evidence from in vitro and preclinical studies, and clinical trials that have evaluated the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of curcumin and boswellic acids individually and in combination for the management of OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhu Sethi
- Pain Relief, Medical Affairs, Consumer Healthcare R&D, Haleon, 23, Rochester Park, GSK Asia House, 139234 Singapore
| | - Manohar Garg
- Nutraceuticals Research Program, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Maxime Herve
- was an employee of Consumer Healthcare R&D, GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Singapore
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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86
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The Bioactive Phenolic Agents Diaryl Ether CVB2-61 and Diarylheptanoid CVB4-57 as Connexin Hemichannel Blockers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101173. [PMID: 36297285 PMCID: PMC9611528 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation mediators enhance the activity of connexin (Cx) hemichannels, especially in the epithelial and endothelial tissues. As potential release routes for injury signals, such as (oligo)nucleotides, Cx hemichannels may contribute to long-lasting inflammation. Specific inhibition of Cx hemichannels may therefore be a mode of prevention and treatment of long-lasting, chronic sterile inflammation. The activity of Cx hemichannels was analysed in N2A and HeLa cells transfected with human Cx26 and Cx46 as well as in Calu-3 cells, using dye uptake as functional assay. Moreover, the possible impacts of the bioactive phenolic agents CVB2-61 and CVB4-57 on the barrier function of epithelial cells was analysed using Calu-3 cells. Both agents inhibited the dye uptake in N2A cells expressing Cx26 (>5 µM) and Cx46 (>20 µM). In Calu-3 cells, CVB2-61 and CVB4-57 reversibly inhibited the dye uptake at concentrations as low as 5 µM, without affecting the gap junction communication and barrier function, even at concentrations of 20 µM. While CVB2-61 or CVB4-57 maintained a reduced dye uptake in Calu-3 cells, an enhancement of the dye uptake in response to the stimulation of adenosine signalling was still observed after removal of the agents. The report shows that CVB2-61 and CVB4-57 reversibly block Cx hemichannels. Deciphering the mechanisms of the interactions of these agents with Cx hemichannels could allow further development of phenolic compounds to target Cx hemichannels for better and safer treatment of pathologies that involve Cx hemichannels.
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87
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Sun Q, Yin W, Ru X, Liu C, Song B, Qian Z. Dual role of injectable curcumin-loaded microgels for efficient repair of osteoarthritic cartilage injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:994816. [PMID: 36177180 PMCID: PMC9513030 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.994816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has been widely used for the treatment of age-associated diseases, and showed chondroprotective potential for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA). However, due to the irregular-shaped and large-sized defects on joint cartilage in degenerated OA, the in vivo delivery and therapeutic effect of curcumin for effective repair remain challenging. In this study, we first present a PEG-GelMA [Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Dimethacrylate-Gelatin Methacrylate, PGMs] hydrogel microgel-based curcumin delivery system for both improved anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects in treatment for cartilage defects. The curcumin-loaded PGMs were produced by a microfluidic system based on light-induced gelation of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). This PGMs embedding curcumin at a relative low dosage were demonstrated to promote the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. More importantly, the PGMs were shown to attenuate the inflammatory response of chondrocytes under IL-1β stimulation. Lastly, the in vivo application of the injectable PGMs significantly promoted the repair of large-sized cartilage injury. These results confirmed that curcumin-loaded PGMs can not only enhance the chondroprotective efficacy under inflammatory conditions but also induce efficient cartilage regeneration. This study provides an advanced strategy with anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative dual-role therapeutic for treatment of extensive cartilage injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanliang Ru
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baishan Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Baishan Song, ; Zhigang Qian,
| | - Zhigang Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Baishan Song, ; Zhigang Qian,
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Xu B, Chen J, Liu Y. Curcumin Interacts with α-Synuclein Condensates To Inhibit Amyloid Aggregation under Phase Separation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30281-30290. [PMID: 36061735 PMCID: PMC9434619 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is highly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Discovering α-Syn amyloid inhibitors is one of the strategies for PD therapies. Recent studies suggested that α-Syn undergoes phase separation to accelerate amyloid aggregation. Molecules modulating α-Syn phase separation or transition have the potential to regulate amyloid aggregation. Here, we discovered that curcumin, a small natural molecule, interacts with α-Syn during phase separation. Our study showed that curcumin neither affects the formation of α-Syn condensates nor influences the initial morphology of α-Syn condensates. However, curcumin decreases the fluidity of α-Syn inside the condensates and efficiently inhibits α-Syn from turning into an amyloid. It also inhibits the amyloid aggregations of PD disease-related α-Syn E46K and H50Q mutants under phase separation. Furthermore, curcumin can destabilize preformed α-Syn amyloid aggregates in the condensates. Together, our findings demonstrate that curcumin regulates α-Syn amyloid formation during protein phase separation and reveal that α-Syn amyloid aggregation under phase separation can be modulated by small molecules.
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Piwowarczyk L, Stawny M, Piwowarczyk K, Mlynarczyk DT, Muszalska-Kolos I, Wierzbicka M, Goslinski T, Jelinska A. Role of curcumin in selected head and neck lesions. Limitations on the use of the Hep-2 cell line: A critical review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113560. [PMID: 36030583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic diseases of the upper respiratory airways, as well as head and neck cancers, are a frequent cause of death and significantly affect the quality of life of both patients and survivors. As the frequency increases, new and improved treatment techniques are sought. Promising properties in this respect are expressed by a natural compound - curcumin. Along with its derivatives, it was found useful in the treatment of a series of cancers. Curcumin was found to be effective in clinical trials and in vitro, in vivo anticancer experiments. Nanoformulations (e.g., poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)-based nanoparticles, nanoemulsions), and modifications of curcumin, as well as its combinations with other substances (e.g., catechins, cisplatin) or treatments (e.g., radiotherapy or local use in inhalation), were found to enhance the antitumor effect. This review aims to summarize the recent findings for the treatment of head and neck diseases, especially squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), including drawing attention to the constant use of the misidentified Hep-2 cell line and proposing databases purposed at eliminating this problem. Moreover, this manuscript focuses on pointing out the molecular mechanisms of therapy that have been reached and emphasizing the shortcomings that still need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwika Piwowarczyk
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Piwowarczyk
- Chair and Department of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dariusz T Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Izabela Muszalska-Kolos
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Wierzbicka
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Jelinska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
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Lu W, Khatibi Shahidi F, Khorsandi K, Hosseinzadeh R, Gul A, Balick V. An update on molecular mechanisms of curcumin effect on diabetes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14358. [PMID: 35945662 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its prevalent nature, diabetes mellitus has become one of the most serious endocrine illnesses affecting a patient's quality of life due to the manifestation of side effects such as cardiovascular diseases, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Curcumin ((1E, 6E) 21, 7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), a major compound of turmeric, has been used in conventional medicine because of its safe nature and cost-effectiveness to meliorate diabetes and its comorbidities. These effects have also been observed in rodent models of diabetes resulting in a reduction of glycemia and blood lipids. Both the preventive and therapeutic activities of this compound are due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Furthermore, preclinical outcomes and clinical investigation demonstrate that the use of curcumin neutralizes insulin resistance, obesity, and hyperglycemia. Despite the many benefits of curcumin, its two limiting factors, solubility and bioavailability, remain a challenge for researchers; therefore, several methods such as drug formulation, nano-drug delivery, and the use of curcumin analogs have been developed to deliver curcumin and increase its bioavailability. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The rise of people with type 2 diabetes has become a major concern at the global healthcare level. The best diabetes treatments today are anti-diabetic drug administration, lifestyle-related interventions (such as healthy eating and daily physical activity), arterial pressure detection, and fat control. The polyphenol curcumin, found in turmeric, can promote health by acting on a variety of cellular signaling pathways. This review article discusses curcumin and its role in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensong Lu
- People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fedora Khatibi Shahidi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Chromatography Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Urmia, Iran
| | - Asma Gul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Veronica Balick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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91
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Goharshadi EK, Goharshadi K, Moghayedi M. The use of nanotechnology in the fight against viruses: A critical review. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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92
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Guarino O, Iovino C, Di Iorio V, Rosolia A, Schiavetti I, Lanza M, Simonelli F. Anatomical and Functional Effects of Oral Administration of Curcuma Longa and Boswellia Serrata Combination in Patients with Treatment-Naïve Diabetic Macular Edema. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154451. [PMID: 35956066 PMCID: PMC9369822 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor nowdays represents the standard of care for diabetic macular edema (DME). Nevertheless, the burden of injections worldwide has created tremendous stress on the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the oral administration of Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata (Retimix®) in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) and treatment-naïve DME < 400 μm, managed during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this retrospective study, patients were enrolled and divided into two groups, one undergoing observation (Group A, n 12) and one receiving one sachet a day of Retimix® (Group B, n 49). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were performed at baseline, then at one and six months. A mixed-design ANOVA was calculated to determine whether the change in CMT and BCVA over time differed according to the consumption of Retimix®. The interaction between time and treatment was significant, with F (1.032, 102.168) = 14.416; η2 = 0.127; p < 0.001, indicating that the change in terms of CMT and BCVA over time among groups was significantly different. In conclusion, our results show the efficacy of Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata in patients with non-proliferative DR and treatment-naïve DME in maintaining baseline CMT and BCVA values over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olimpia Guarino
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Claudio Iovino
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Di Iorio
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Andrea Rosolia
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Irene Schiavetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Michele Lanza
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.G.); (V.D.I.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (F.S.)
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93
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Clower L, Fleshman T, Geldenhuys WJ, Santanam N. Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1055. [PMID: 36008949 PMCID: PMC9405905 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder seen in women and is characterized by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This disorder is becoming more prevalent with increased morbidity. The etiology of endometriosis remains to be fully elucidated, which will lead to improved therapeutic options. In this review, we will evaluate the biochemical mechanisms leading to oxidative stress and their implication in the pathophysiology of endometriosis, as well as potential treatments that target these processes. A comprehensive exploration of previous research revealed that endometriosis is associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and oxidation products, decreased antioxidants and detoxification enzymes, and dysregulated iron metabolism. High levels of oxidative stress contributed to inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, which may explain its role in endometriosis. Endometriosis-associated pain was attributed to neurogenic inflammation and a feed-forward mechanism involving macrophages, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pain-inducing prostaglandins. N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin, and combined vitamin C and E supplementation displayed promising results for the treatment of endometriosis, but further research is needed for their use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Clower
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (L.C.); (T.F.)
| | - Taylor Fleshman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (L.C.); (T.F.)
| | - Werner J. Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Nalini Santanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (L.C.); (T.F.)
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94
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Xanthatin Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Inhibiting NF-κB, MAPK and STATs Activation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144603. [PMID: 35889477 PMCID: PMC9322085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthatin (XT) is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the Chinese herb Xanthium, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. In this study, we developed an inflammation model via stimulating macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cells) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was applied to assess the anti-inflammatory effect and probable mechanisms of xanthatin. When compared with the only LPS-induced group, cells that were pretreated with xanthatin were found to decrease the amount of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and associated pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), and downregulate the mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Interestingly, phosphorylated levels of related proteins (STAT3, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK, IκBα, p65) were notably increased only with the LPS-activated cells, while the expression of these could be reverted by pre-treatment with xanthatin in a dose-dependent way. Meanwhile, xanthatin was also found to block NF-κB p65 from translocating into the nucleus and activating inflammatory gene transcription. Collectively, these results demonstrated that xanthatin suppresses the inflammatory effects through downregulating the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs) signaling pathways. Taken together, xanthatin possesses the potential to act as a good anti-inflammatory medication candidate.
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95
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Fan J, Ren M, He Y. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Properties of Exosomes in Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931082. [PMID: 35859903 PMCID: PMC9289295 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis results from both the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to myocardial stiffness and reduced compliance of the ventricular wall. The conversion of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is the most important initiating step in the process of this pathological cardiac remodeling. It occurs during the progression of many cardiovascular diseases, adversely influencing both the clinical course and outcome of the disease. The pathogenesis is complex and there is no effective treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular communication through delivering specific cargoes of functional nucleic acids and proteins derived from particular cell types. Recent studies have found that exosomes play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis, and is a potential biotherapeutics and drug delivery vectors for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. The present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge of exosome-related mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and to suggest potential therapy that could be used to treat the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yuquan He,
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96
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Chen F, Liu Q. Demystifying phytoconstituent-derived nanomedicines in their immunoregulatory and therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114317. [PMID: 35533788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, phytoconstituents have appeared as critical mediators for immune regulations among various diseases, both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. These bioactive molecules, showing a broad range of biological functions, would hold tremendous promise for developing new therapeutics. The discovery of phytoconstituents' capability of functionally regulating immune cells and associating cytokines, suppressing systemic inflammation, and remodeling immunity have rapidly promoted the idea of their employment as anti-inflammatory agents. In this review, we discuss various roles of phyto-derived medicines in the field of inflammatory diseases, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and acute inflammatory disease such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, traditional phyto-derived medicines often concurred with their clinical administration limitations, such as their lack of cell specificity, inefficient cytoplasmic delivery, and rapid clearance by the immune system. As alternatives, phyto-derived nano-approaches may provide significant benefits. Both unmodified and engineered nanocarriers present the potential to serve as phytoconstituent delivery systems to improve therapeutic physio-chemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles. Thus, the development of phytoconstituents' nano-delivery designs, their new and perspective approaches for therapeutical applications are elaborated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Chen
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, Suite 216, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States.
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97
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Shahid A, Inam‐Ur‐Raheem M, Iahtisham‐Ul‐Haq , Nawaz MY, Rashid MH, Oz F, Proestos C, Aadil RM. Diet and lifestyle modifications: An update on non‐pharmacological approach in the management of osteoarthritis. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arashi Shahid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam‐Ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Iahtisham‐Ul‐Haq
- Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Nawaz
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamdan Rashid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zografou Athens Greece
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
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98
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Renal Protective Mechanisms of Shenyuan Particle in Db/Db Mice: A Study Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9579179. [PMID: 35747379 PMCID: PMC9213133 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9579179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim The renal protective mechanisms of Shenyuan particle (SYP) in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) were investigated, focusing on the main targets and pathways. Materials and Methods In this study, the potential targets of compounds identified in SYP were predicted by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and a “herb-compound-target” network was constructed via Cytoscape. Next, the Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses were dissected using R language. A protein-protein interaction network was fabricated using STRING to obtain the main target information. In addition, db/db mice were used as the DKD models to explore the renal protective effects of SYP. Transmission electron microscopy, western blot, pathological staining, TUNEL staining, and biochemical methods were used to identify the apoptotic pathways and establish the primary mechanism of SYP. Results Network pharmacology analysis revealed 67 potential targets based on the analysis of different databases. The targets of SYP were primarily associated with apoptosis. The network hub genes included caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 8, caspase 9, Bax, and Bcl-2. In vivo, SYP materially improved renal function and inhibited apoptosis in the db/db mouse kidneys by improving the mitochondrial health. In addition, our results showed that SYP significantly decreased the expression of Bax, caspase 3, and Cyto-c and increased the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusions Network pharmacology analysis and experimental results suggest that SYP ameliorates DKD mediated via multiple components, targets, and pathways. Our study further demonstrates that SYP inhibits apoptosis in the kidneys of db/db mice by improving the mitochondrial health and thereby alleviating renal damage.
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99
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How Curcumin Targets Inflammatory Mediators in Diabetes: Therapeutic Insights and Possible Solutions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134058. [PMID: 35807304 PMCID: PMC9268477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial chronic metabolic disorder, characterized by altered metabolism of macro-nutrients, such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic encephalopathy, diabetic periodontitis, and diabetic nephropathy are the prominent complications of diabetes. Inflammatory mediators are primarily responsible for these complications. Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric, is well known for its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. The regulation of several signaling pathways effectively targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes. Curcumin’s anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities against a wide range of molecular targets have been shown to have therapeutic potential for a variety of chronic inflammatory disorders, including diabetes. Curcumin’s biological examination has shown that it is a powerful anti-oxidant that stops cells from growing by releasing active free thiol groups at the target location. Curcumin is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent that targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes, and its resistant form leads to better therapeutic outcomes in diabetes complications. Moreover, Curcumin is an anti-oxidant and NF-B inhibitor that may be useful in treating diabetes. Curcumin has been shown to inhibit diabetes-related enzymes, such as a-glucosidase, aldose reductase and aldose reductase inhibitors. Through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and its suppression of vascular endothelial development and nuclear transcription factors, curcumin has the ability to prevent, or reduce, the course of diabetic retinopathy. Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity by suppressing phosphorylation of ERK/JNK in HG-induced insulin-resistant cells and strengthening the PI3K-AKT-GSK3B signaling pathway. In the present article, we aimed to discuss the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of curcumin in diabetes regulated by various molecular signaling pathways.
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100
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Song JW, Liu YS, Guo YR, Zhong WX, Guo YP, Guo L. Nano-Liposomes Double Loaded with Curcumin and Tetrandrine: Preparation, Characterization, Hepatotoxicity and Anti-Tumor Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126858. [PMID: 35743311 PMCID: PMC9224699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Curcumin (CUR) and tetrandrine (TET) are natural compounds with various bioactivities, but have problems with low solubility, stability, and absorption rate, resulting in low bioavailability, and limited applications in food, medicine, and other fields. It is very important to improve the solubility while maintaining the high activity of drugs. Liposomes are micro–vesicles synthesized from cholesterol and lecithin. With high biocompatibility and biodegradability, liposomes can significantly improve drug solubility, efficacy, and bioavailability. (2) Methods: In this work, CUR and TET were encapsulated with nano–liposomes and g DSPE–MPEG 2000 (DP)was added as a stabilizer to achieve better physicochemical properties, biosafety, and anti–tumor effects. (3) Results: The nano–liposome (CT–DP–Lip) showed stable particle size (under 100 nm) under different conditions, high solubility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC), release rate in vitro, and stability. In addition, in vivo studies demonstrated CT–DP–Lip had no significant toxicity on zebrafish. Tumor cytotoxicity test showed that CT–DP–Lip had a strong inhibitory effect on a variety of cancer cells. (4) Conclusions: This work showed that nano–liposomes can significantly improve the physical and chemical properties of CUR and TET and make them safer and more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (J.-W.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
| | - Yu-Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (J.-W.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
| | - Yu-Rou Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
| | - Wen-Xiao Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
| | - Yi-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (J.-W.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.G.); (L.G.); Tel.: +86-13881721018 (L.G.)
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (J.-W.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.-R.G.); (W.-X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.G.); (L.G.); Tel.: +86-13881721018 (L.G.)
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