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Kong LC, Holmes BA, Cotillard A, Habi-Rachedi F, Brazeilles R, Gougis S, Gausserès N, Cani PD, Fellahi S, Bastard JP, Kennedy SP, Doré J, Ehrlich SD, Zucker JD, Rizkalla SW, Clément K. Dietary patterns differently associate with inflammation and gut microbiota in overweight and obese subjects. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109434. [PMID: 25330000 PMCID: PMC4203727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Associations between dietary patterns, metabolic and inflammatory markers and gut microbiota are yet to be elucidated. Objectives We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in overweight and obese subjects and evaluate the different dietary patterns in relation to metabolic and inflammatory variables as well as gut microbiota. Design Dietary patterns, plasma and adipose tissue markers, and gut microbiota were evaluated in a group of 45 overweight and obese subjects (6 men and 39 women). A group of 14 lean subjects were also evaluated as a reference group. Results Three clusters of dietary patterns were identified in overweight/obese subjects. Cluster 1 had the least healthy eating behavior (highest consumption of potatoes, confectionary and sugary drinks, and the lowest consumption of fruits that was associated also with low consumption of yogurt, and water). This dietary pattern was associated with the highest LDL cholesterol, plasma soluble CD14 (p = 0.01) a marker of systemic inflammation but the lowest accumulation of CD163+ macrophages with anti-inflammatory profile in adipose tissue (p = 0.05). Cluster 3 had the healthiest eating behavior (lower consumption of confectionary and sugary drinks, and highest consumption of fruits but also yogurts and soups). Subjects in this Cluster had the lowest inflammatory markers (sCD14) and the highest anti-inflammatory adipose tissue CD163+ macrophages. Dietary intakes, insulin sensitivity and some inflammatory markers (plasma IL6) in Cluster 3 were close to those of lean subjects. Cluster 2 was in-between clusters 1 and 3 in terms of healthfulness. The 7 gut microbiota groups measured by qPCR were similar across the clusters. However, the healthiest dietary cluster had the highest microbial gene richness, as evaluated by quantitative metagenomics. Conclusion A healthier dietary pattern was associated with lower inflammatory markers as well as greater gut microbiota richness in overweight and obese subjects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01314690
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chun Kong
- INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurelie Cotillard
- INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Rémi Brazeilles
- Danone Research, RD 128, Palaiseau, France
- IT&M STATS, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Gougis
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Patrice D. Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOTechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Soraya Fellahi
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bastard
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Sean P. Kennedy
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Joel Doré
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Jean-Daniel Zucker
- INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Salwa W. Rizkalla
- INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Karine Clément
- INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Heart and Nutrition Department, and Human Nutrition Research Center-Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Hosseini Esfahani F, Ejtahed HS, Mirmiran P, Delshad H, Azizi F. Alterations in food group intakes and subsequent weight changes in adults: tehran lipid and glucose study. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2014; 12:e17236. [PMID: 25237324 PMCID: PMC4166206 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.17236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of weight change is varied for specific foods. This highlights the effect of dietary quality and food choices on weight control. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the association between alterations in food group intake and weight change over a 3 years follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted on 851 adults in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Intakes of various foods were measured at baseline and after 3 years using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary data was grouped into 13 food groups. Alterations in food group intakes were categorized in tertiles; middle tertile of intake changes was considered as the reference category and the first and last tertiles of changes as increased and decreased intakes, respectively. Weight change per year of follow-up was the outcome of interest. Weight gain was defined as ≥ 0.5 kg/y, weight loss as ≤ -0.5 kg/y and stable weight as > -0.5 to < 0.5 kg/y. Multinomial logistic regression was used with stable weight as the reference group. RESULTS IN MEN, WEIGHT LOSS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY PREDICTED ONLY BY DECREASED INTAKE OF ADDED SUGARS (OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.06-4.63). In women, weight gain was significantly predicted by decreased intake of whole grains (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11-3.31) and weight loss was predicted by decreased intake of vegetables (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21-0.91). CONCLUSIONS Alterations in consumption of whole grains, vegetables, and added sugars are associated with body weight change, suggesting that it could be helpful in weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firozeh Hosseini Esfahani
- Obesity Research Center, Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hanieh Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity Research Center, Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Parvin Mirmiran, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. P.O. Box: 19395-4741, Tel: +98-2122432503, Fax: +98-2122402463, E-mail:
| | - Hossein Delshad
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Volta U, Vincentini O, Quintarelli F, Felli C, Silano M. Low risk of colon cancer in patients with celiac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:564-8. [PMID: 24621303 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2014.893012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Celiac disease (CD) has strongly been established as associated with some site-specific gastrointestinal malignancies. On the contrary, according to the few reports available, the risk of colon carcinoma in CD patients has been described similar to that of general population. In this cohort study, we describe the risk of colon carcinoma in a group of Italian celiac patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population included all CD patients diagnosed at the Collaborating Centers of the Italian Registry of CD between 1st January 1982 and 31st December 2006. Upon diagnosis of CD and upon at every subsequent clinical control, the Collaborating Centers filled in a validated form for each CD patient reporting information about demographic data, possible occurrence of a neoplasm and adherence to a gluten-free diet. RESULTS Out of 1757 celiac patients enrolled, 6 developed a colon carcinoma during the follow-up period (mean: 18.1 years). The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) resulted 0.29 (95% CI=0.07-0.45). Stratifying the risk for the dietary gluten intake, the SIR dropped to 0.07 (95% CI=0.009-0.27) for CD patients with a strict adherence to a gluten-free diet. CONCLUSION We confirm the previous finding that there is low risk to develop a colon cancer in celiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences/Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
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Weight loss effects from vegetable intake: a 12-month randomised controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:778-85. [PMID: 24667750 PMCID: PMC4086735 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Direct evidence for the effects of vegetable intake on weight loss is qualified. The study aimed to assess the effect of higher vegetable consumption on weight loss. Subjects/Methods: A single blind parallel controlled trial was conducted with 120 overweight adults (mean body mass index=29.98 kg/m2) randomised to two energy deficit healthy diet advice groups differing only by doubling the serving (portion) sizes of vegetables in the comparator group. Data were analysed as intention-to-treat using a linear mixed model. Spearmans rho bivariate was used to explore relationships between percentage energy from vegetables and weight loss. Results: After 12 months, the study sample lost 6.5±5.2 kg (P<0.001 time) with no difference between groups (P>0.05 interaction). Both groups increased vegetable intake and lost weight in the first 3 months, and the change in weight was significantly correlated with higher proportions of energy consumed as vegetables (rho=–0.217, P=0.024). Fasting glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels decreased (P<0.001 time) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased (P<0.001 time), with no difference between groups. Weight loss was sustained for 12 months by both groups, but the comparator group reported greater hunger satisfaction (P=0.005). Conclusions: Advice to consume a healthy low-energy diet leads to sustained weight loss, with reductions in cardiovascular disease risk factors regardless of an emphasis on more vegetables. In the short term, consuming a higher proportion of the dietary energy as vegetables may support a greater weight loss and the dietary pattern appears sustainable.
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Feskens EJM, Sluik D, Du H. The Association Between Diet and Obesity in Specific European Cohorts: DiOGenes and EPIC-PANACEA. Curr Obes Rep 2014; 3:67-78. [PMID: 26626468 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-013-0089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes evidence from two projects embedded within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) on the association between dietary factors and obesity risk, in particular change in weight and waist circumference. A total of 12 publications from DiOGenes and six from EPIC-PANACEA were reviewed. The results show that dietary fiber, especially cereal fiber, was inversely associated with weight or waist change, as well as fruit/vegetable intake and the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Energy density and meat consumption were positively associated with the anthropometric changes, as was glycemic index with waist change. Clear associations with macronutrient composition were not observed. In additional studies, interactions with genetic polymorphism were investigated and shown to be present for protein intake and GI, although effect estimates were small. These interactions require replication. These results show that in European populations dietary factors are independently associated with weight/waist change. The findings provide further clues for the prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Diewertje Sluik
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huaidong Du
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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Adherence to the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations and cancer-specific mortality: results from the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:541-52. [PMID: 24557428 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In 2007, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) released eight recommendations related to body fatness, physical activity, and diet aimed at preventing the most common cancers worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the association between meeting these recommendations and cancer-specific mortality. METHODS We operationalized six recommendations (related to body fatness; physical activity; and consumption of foods that promote weight gain, plant foods, red and processed meat, and alcohol) and examined their association with cancer-specific mortality over 7.7 years of follow-up in the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study cohort. Participants included 57,841 men and women ages 50-76 in 2000-2002 who had not been diagnosed with cancer prior to baseline. Cancer-specific deaths (n = 1,595) were tracked through the Washington State death file. RESULTS Meeting the recommendations related to plant foods and foods that promote weight gain were most strongly associated with lower cancer-specific mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.67, 1.00 and HR 0.82, 95 % CI 0.70, 0.96, respectively]. Cancer-specific mortality was 61 % lower in respondents who met at least five recommendations compared to those who met none (HR 0.39, 95 % CI 0.24, 0.62). Cancer-specific mortality was 10 % lower on an average with each additional recommendation met (per-recommendation HR 0.90, 95 % CI 0.85, 0.94; p trend < 0.001). This association did not differ by sex or age but was stronger in non-smokers (HR 0.84, 95 % CI 0.76, 0.92) than in smokers (HR 0.93, 95 % CI 0.87, 0.98; p interaction = 0.086). CONCLUSION Adherence to the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations developed to reduce incidence of common cancers could substantially reduce cancer-specific mortality in older adults.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidants and dietary fiber are postulated to have preventive effects on diabetic retinopathy, but evidence is lacking. We investigated this association in a cohort with type 2 diabetes 40-70 years of age with hemoglobin (Hb)A1C ≥6.5%, originally part of the Japan Diabetes Complications Study. METHODS After excluding people who did not respond to a dietary survey and patients with diabetic retinopathy or a major ocular disease at baseline, we analyzed 978 patients. Baseline dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups and 24-hour dietary records. Primary outcome was incident diabetic retinopathy determined using international severity scales. RESULTS Mean fruit intake in quartiles ranged from 23 to 253 g/day, with increasing trends across quartiles of fruit intake for vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, retinol equivalent, dietary fiber, potassium, and sodium. Mean energy intake ranged from 1644 to 1863 kcal/day, and fat intake was approximately 25%. HbA1C, body mass index, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure were well controlled. During the 8-year follow-up, the numbers of incident cases of diabetic retinopathy from the first through the fourth quartiles of fruit intake were 83, 74, 69, and 59. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of fruit intake compared with the first quartile were 0.66 (95% confidence interval = 0.46-0.92), 0.59 (0.41-0.85), and 0.48 (0.32-0.71) (test for trend, P < 0.01). There was no substantial effect modification by age, sex, HbA1C, diabetes duration, overweight, smoking, and hypertension. Risk for diabetic retinopathy declined with increased intake of fruits and vegetables, vitamin C, and carotene. CONCLUSION Increased fruit intake in ranges commonly consumed was associated with reduced incident diabetic retinopathy among patients adhering to a low-fat energy-restricted diet.
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Slavin JL. Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and resistant starch in white vegetables: links to health outcomes. Adv Nutr 2013; 4:351S-5S. [PMID: 23674804 PMCID: PMC3650507 DOI: 10.3945/an.112.003491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetables are universally promoted as healthy. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 recommend that you make half of your plate fruits and vegetables. Vegetables are diverse plants that vary greatly in energy content and nutrients. Vegetables supply carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and resistant starch in the diet, all of which have been linked to positive health outcomes. Fiber lowers the incidence of cardiovascular disease and obesity. In this paper, the important role of white vegetables in the human diet is described, with a focus on the dietary fiber and resistant starch content of white vegetables. Misguided efforts to reduce consumption of white vegetables will lower intakes of dietary fiber and resistant starch, nutrients already in short supply in our diets.
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Rebello CJ, Liu AG, Greenway FL, Dhurandhar NV. Dietary strategies to increase satiety. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2013; 69:105-82. [PMID: 23522796 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410540-9.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has a multifactorial etiology. Although obesity is widespread and associated with serious health hazards, its effective prevention and treatment have been challenging. Among the currently available treatment approaches, lifestyle modification to induce a negative energy balance holds a particularly larger appeal due to its wider reach and relative safety. However, long-term compliance with dietary modifications to reduce energy intake is not effective for the majority. The role of many individual nutrients, foods, and food groups in inducing satiety has been extensively studied. Based on this evidence, we have developed sample weight-loss meal plans that include multiple satiating foods, which may collectively augment the satiating properties of a meal. Compared to a typical American diet, these meal plans are considerably lower in energy density and probably more satiating. A diet that exploits the satiating properties of multiple foods may help increase long-term dietary compliance and consequentially enhance weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candida J Rebello
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Klemsdal TO. Kosthold, kolesterol og karbohydrater. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2013; 133:184-6. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity. Public Health Nutr 2012; 16:786-94. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012005356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveRecently, the general public opinion is that nutritional recommendations promote obesity rather than prevent it. We created the Recommended Finnish Diet Score (RFDS) that illustrates the Finnish nutrition recommendations and assessed whether this score is associated with BMI, waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (BF%).DesignCross-sectional study included two phases of the National FINRISK 2007 Study. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. Height, weight, WC and BF% were measured, and BMI values were calculated. The RFDS was developed based on the national nutrition recommendations.SettingA large representative sample of the Finnish population.SubjectsMen (n2190) and women (n2530) aged 25–74 years.ResultsThe RFDS was inversely associated with WC in men (OR = 0·48, 95 % CI 0·28, 0·81,P< 0·05) and BF% in both men (OR = 0·44, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·82,P-trend < 0·05) and women (OR = 0·63, 95 % CI 0·37, 1·08,P-trend < 0·05). The inverse association of RFDS and BF% appeared stronger among older age groups (men: OR = 0·21 CI 0·07, 0·64,P-trend < 0·01; women: OR = 0·56, 95 % CI 0·25, 1·27,P-trend < 0·05) and among women with normal BMI (OR = 0·62, 95 % CI 0·36, 1·09,P-trend < 0·05). The RFDS was not associated with BMI.ConclusionsA diet following nutrition recommendations is likely to help to maintain normal WC and BF%. These findings could be useful for dietary counselling and the prevention of obesity.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2012; 19:429-34. [PMID: 22931856 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e328358c698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shang X, Li Y, Liu A, Zhang Q, Hu X, Du S, Ma J, Xu G, Li Y, Guo H, Du L, Ma G. Dietary pattern and its association with the prevalence of obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors among Chinese children. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43183. [PMID: 22905228 PMCID: PMC3419173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of dietary pattern with chronic diseases has been investigated widely in western countries. However, information is quite limited among children in China. Our study is aimed to identify the dietary patterns of Chinese children and examine their association with obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS A total of 5267 children were selected using multistage random sampling from 30 primary schools of 5 provincial capital cities in China. Dietary intake was derived from 24 hour dietary recall for three consecutive days. Anthropometric measurements, glucose and lipid profiles were obtained. Factor analysis combined with cluster analysis was used for identifying major dietary patterns. The associations of dietary patterns with obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors were examined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Three mutually exclusive dietary patterns were identified, which were labeled as the healthy dietary pattern, the transitive dietary pattern, and the Western dietary pattern. Compared with children of the healthy dietary pattern, the multiple-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI)) of obesity were 1.11 (0.89-1.38) for children with the transitive dietary pattern and 1.80 (1.15-2.81) for children with the Western dietary pattern, which was 1.31 (95%CI 1.09-1.56) and 1.71 (95%CI: 1.13-2.56), respectively, for abdominal obesity. The Western dietary pattern was associated with significantly higher concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<.001), triglycerides (P<.001), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0435) and fasting glucose (P = 0.0082) and a lower concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0023), as compared with the healthy dietary pattern. CONCLUSIONS The Western dietary pattern characterized by red meat, eggs, refined grain and products, was positively associated with odds of obesity, the levels of plasma glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and was inversely associated with the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
- China Oxford Centre for International Health Research, Cardiovascular Institute & Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Hu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Songming Du
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Health Science Center, Beijing University, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Guifa Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Public Health College, Haerbin Medical University, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Lin Du
- Guangzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guansheng Ma
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
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Fogelholm M, Anderssen S, Gunnarsdottir I, Lahti-Koski M. Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult populations: a systematic literature review. Food Nutr Res 2012; 56:19103. [PMID: 22893781 PMCID: PMC3418611 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.19103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic literature review examined the role of dietary macronutrient composition, food consumption and dietary patterns in predicting weight or waist circumference (WC) change, with and without prior weight reduction. The literature search covered year 2000 and onwards. Prospective cohort studies, case–control studies and interventions were included. The studies had adult (18–70 y), mostly Caucasian participants. Out of a total of 1,517 abstracts, 119 full papers were identified as potentially relevant. After a careful scrutiny, 50 papers were quality graded as A (highest), B or C. Forty-three papers with grading A or B were included in evidence grading, which was done separately for all exposure-outcome combinations. The grade of evidence was classified as convincing, probable, suggestive or no conclusion. We found probable evidence for high intake of dietary fibre and nuts predicting less weight gain, and for high intake of meat in predicting more weight gain. Suggestive evidence was found for a protective role against increasing weight from whole grains, cereal fibre, high-fat dairy products and high scores in an index describing a prudent dietary pattern. Likewise, there was suggestive evidence for both fibre and fruit intake in protection against larger increases in WC. Also suggestive evidence was found for high intake of refined grains, and sweets and desserts in predicting more weight gain, and for refined (white) bread and high energy density in predicting larger increases in WC. The results suggested that the proportion of macronutrients in the diet was not important in predicting changes in weight or WC. In contrast, plenty of fibre-rich foods and dairy products, and less refined grains, meat and sugar-rich foods and drinks were associated with less weight gain in prospective cohort studies. The results on the role of dietary macronutrient composition in prevention of weight regain (after prior weight loss) were inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Bhatnagar D, Bhatnagar P. Nutrition and metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23:393-4. [PMID: 22801388 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e328355ee48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are universally promoted as healthy. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 recommend you make one-half of your plate fruits and vegetables. Myplate.gov also supports that one-half the plate should be fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables include a diverse group of plant foods that vary greatly in content of energy and nutrients. Additionally, fruits and vegetables supply dietary fiber, and fiber intake is linked to lower incidence of cardiovascular disease and obesity. Fruits and vegetables also supply vitamins and minerals to the diet and are sources of phytochemicals that function as antioxidants, phytoestrogens, and antiinflammatory agents and through other protective mechanisms. In this review, we describe the existing dietary guidance on intake of fruits and vegetables. We also review attempts to characterize fruits and vegetables into groups based on similar chemical structures and functions. Differences among fruits and vegetables in nutrient composition are detailed. We summarize the epidemiological and clinical studies on the health benefits of fruits and vegetables. Finally, we discuss the role of fiber in fruits and vegetables in disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L. Slavin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Beate Lloyd
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and
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