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Jiang X, MacArthur MR, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Kip P, Ozaki CK, Mitchell SJ, Mitchell JR. Intracellular H 2S production is an autophagy-dependent adaptive response to DNA damage. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1669-1678.e5. [PMID: 34166610 PMCID: PMC8665944 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter with broad physiological activities, including protecting cells against stress, but little is known about the regulation of cellular H2S homeostasis. We have performed a high-content small-molecule screen and identified genotoxic agents, including cancer chemotherapy drugs, as activators of intracellular H2S levels. DNA damage-induced H2S in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DNA damage elevated autophagy and upregulated H2S-generating enzyme CGL; chemical or genetic disruption of autophagy or CGL impaired H2S induction. Importantly, exogenous H2S partially rescued autophagy-deficient cells from genotoxic stress. Furthermore, stressors that are not primarily genotoxic (growth factor depletion and mitochondrial uncoupler FCCP) increased intracellular H2S in an autophagy-dependent manner. Our findings highlight the role of autophagy in H2S production and suggest that H2S generation may be a common adaptive response to DNA damage and other stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Kip
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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52
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Jennings EQ, Fritz KS, Galligan JJ. Biochemical genesis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic post-translational modifications. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 86:101053. [PMID: 34838336 PMCID: PMC9126990 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter protein structure, function, and localization and play a pivotal role in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Many PTMs arise from endogenous metabolic intermediates and serve as sensors for metabolic feedback to maintain cell growth and homeostasis. A key feature to PTMs is their biochemical genesis, which can result from either non-enzymatic adduction (nPTMs) or through enzyme-catalyzed reactions (ePTMs). The abundance and site-specificity of PTMs are determined by dedicated classes of enzymes that add (writers) or remove (erasers) the chemical addition. In this review we will highlight the biochemical genesis and regulation of a few of the 700+ PTMs that have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Q Jennings
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James J Galligan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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53
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A redox cycle with complex II prioritizes sulfide quinone oxidoreductase-dependent H 2S oxidation. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101435. [PMID: 34808207 PMCID: PMC8683732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dual roles of H2S as an endogenously synthesized respiratory substrate and as a toxin raise questions as to how it is cleared when the electron transport chain is inhibited. Sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) catalyzes the first step in the mitochondrial H2S oxidation pathway, using CoQ as an electron acceptor, and connects to the electron transport chain at the level of complex III. We have discovered that at high H2S concentrations, which are known to inhibit complex IV, a new redox cycle is established between SQOR and complex II, operating in reverse. Under these conditions, the purine nucleotide cycle and the malate aspartate shuttle furnish fumarate, which supports complex II reversal and leads to succinate accumulation. Complex II knockdown in colonocytes decreases the efficiency of H2S clearance while targeted knockout of complex II in intestinal epithelial cells significantly decreases the levels of thiosulfate, a biomarker of H2S oxidation, to approximately one-third of the values seen in serum and urine samples from control mice. These data establish the physiological relevance of this newly discovered redox circuitry between SQOR and complex II for prioritizing H2S oxidation and reveal the quantitatively significant contribution of intestinal epithelial cells to systemic H2S metabolism.
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54
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Shackelford RE, Li Y, Ghali GE, Kevil CG. Bad Smells and Broken DNA: A Tale of Sulfur-Nucleic Acid Cooperation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1820. [PMID: 34829691 PMCID: PMC8614844 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that exerts numerous physiologic and pathophysiologic effects. Recently, a role for H2S in DNA repair has been identified, where H2S modulates cell cycle checkpoint responses, the DNA damage response (DDR), and mitochondrial and nuclear genomic stability. In addition, several DNA repair proteins modulate cellular H2S concentrations and cellular sulfur metabolism and, in turn, are regulated by cellular H2S concentrations. Many DDR proteins are now pharmacologically inhibited in targeted cancer therapies. As H2S and the enzymes that synthesize it are increased in many human malignancies, it is likely that H2S synthesis inhibition by these therapies is an underappreciated aspect of these cancer treatments. Moreover, both H2S and DDR protein activities in cancer and cardiovascular diseases are becoming increasingly apparent, implicating a DDR-H2S signaling axis in these pathophysiologic processes. Taken together, H2S and DNA repair likely play a central and presently poorly understood role in both normal cellular function and a wide array of human pathophysiologic processes. Here, we review the role of H2S in DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney E. Shackelford
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA; (Y.L.); (C.G.K.)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA; (Y.L.); (C.G.K.)
| | - Ghali E. Ghali
- Head & Neck Oncologic/Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery Department of Oral & Maxillofacial/Head & Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
| | - Christopher G. Kevil
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA; (Y.L.); (C.G.K.)
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55
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Carter RN, Gibbins MTG, Barrios-Llerena ME, Wilkie SE, Freddolino PL, Libiad M, Vitvitsky V, Emerson B, Le Bihan T, Brice M, Su H, Denham SG, Homer NZM, Mc Fadden C, Tailleux A, Faresse N, Sulpice T, Briand F, Gillingwater T, Ahn KH, Singha S, McMaster C, Hartley RC, Staels B, Gray GA, Finch AJ, Selman C, Banerjee R, Morton NM. The hepatic compensatory response to elevated systemic sulfide promotes diabetes. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109958. [PMID: 34758301 PMCID: PMC8595646 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. Increased sulfide production or sulfide donor compounds may beneficially regulate hepatic metabolism. Disposal of sulfide through the sulfide oxidation pathway (SOP) is critical for maintaining sulfide within a safe physiological range. We show that mice lacking the liver- enriched mitochondrial SOP enzyme thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Tst-/- mice) exhibit high circulating sulfide, increased gluconeogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia, and fatty liver. Unexpectedly, hepatic sulfide levels are normal in Tst-/- mice because of exaggerated induction of sulfide disposal, with associated suppression of global protein persulfidation and nuclear respiratory factor 2 target protein levels. Hepatic proteomic and persulfidomic profiles converge on gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism, revealing a selective deficit in medium-chain fatty acid oxidation in Tst-/- mice. We reveal a critical role of TST in hepatic metabolism that has implications for sulfide donor strategies in the context of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick N Carter
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Matthew T G Gibbins
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Martin E Barrios-Llerena
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Stephen E Wilkie
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Glasgow Ageing Research Network (GARNER), Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Peter L Freddolino
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marouane Libiad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Victor Vitvitsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Barry Emerson
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Madara Brice
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Huizhong Su
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Scott G Denham
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Natalie Z M Homer
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Clare Mc Fadden
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U101-EGID, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Nourdine Faresse
- Physiogenex S.A.S, Prologue Biotech, 516 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670 Labège, France
| | - Thierry Sulpice
- Physiogenex S.A.S, Prologue Biotech, 516 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670 Labège, France
| | - Francois Briand
- Physiogenex S.A.S, Prologue Biotech, 516 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670 Labège, France
| | - Tom Gillingwater
- College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Old Medical School (Anatomy), Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Subhankar Singha
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Claire McMaster
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Richard C Hartley
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U101-EGID, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Gillian A Gray
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Colin Selman
- Glasgow Ageing Research Network (GARNER), Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicholas M Morton
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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56
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Sharma R, Reinstadler B, Engelstad K, Skinner OS, Stackowitz E, Haller RG, Clish CB, Pierce K, Walker MA, Fryer R, Oglesbee D, Mao X, Shungu DC, Khatri A, Hirano M, De Vivo DC, Mootha VK. Circulating markers of NADH-reductive stress correlate with mitochondrial disease severity. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136055. [PMID: 33463549 DOI: 10.1172/jci136055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders represent a large collection of rare syndromes that are difficult to manage both because we do not fully understand biochemical pathogenesis and because we currently lack facile markers of severity. The m.3243A>G variant is the most common heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation and underlies a spectrum of diseases, notably mitochondrial encephalomyopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). To identify robust circulating markers of m.3243A>G disease, we first performed discovery proteomics, targeted metabolomics, and untargeted metabolomics on plasma from a deeply phenotyped cohort (102 patients, 32 controls). In a validation phase, we measured concentrations of prioritized metabolites in an independent cohort using distinct methods. We validated 20 analytes (1 protein, 19 metabolites) that distinguish patients with MELAS from controls. The collection includes classic (lactate, alanine) and more recently identified (GDF-15, α-hydroxybutyrate) mitochondrial markers. By mining untargeted mass-spectra we uncovered 3 less well-studied metabolite families: N-lactoyl-amino acids, β-hydroxy acylcarnitines, and β-hydroxy fatty acids. Many of these 20 analytes correlate strongly with established measures of severity, including Karnofsky status, and mechanistically, nearly all markers are attributable to an elevated NADH/NAD+ ratio, or NADH-reductive stress. Our work defines a panel of organelle function tests related to NADH-reductive stress that should enable classification and monitoring of mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, and.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bryn Reinstadler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, and.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristin Engelstad
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Owen S Skinner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, and.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin Stackowitz
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald G Haller
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine of Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Melissa A Walker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, and.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Fryer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Devin Oglesbee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiangling Mao
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dikoma C Shungu
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashok Khatri
- Endocrine Division and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, and.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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57
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Mass spectrometry-based direct detection of multiple types of protein thiol modifications in pancreatic beta cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102111. [PMID: 34425387 PMCID: PMC8379693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiol-based post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a key role in redox-dependent regulation and signaling. Functional cysteine (Cys) sites serve as redox switches, regulated through multiple types of PTMs. Herein, we aim to characterize the complexity of thiol PTMs at the proteome level through the establishment of a direct detection workflow. The LC-MS/MS based workflow allows for simultaneous quantification of protein abundances and multiple types of thiol PTMs. To demonstrate its utility, the workflow was applied to mouse pancreatic β-cells (β-TC-6) treated with thapsigargin to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This resulted in the quantification of >9000 proteins and multiple types of thiol PTMs, including intra-peptide disulfide (S–S), S-glutathionylation (SSG), S-sulfinylation (SO2H), S-sulfonylation (SO3H), S-persulfidation (SSH), and S-trisulfidation (SSSH). Proteins with significant changes in abundance were observed to be involved in canonical pathways such as autophagy, unfolded protein response, protein ubiquitination pathway, and EIF2 signaling. Moreover, ~500 Cys sites were observed with one or multiple types of PTMs with SSH and S–S as the predominant types of modifications. In many cases, significant changes in the levels of different PTMs were observed on various enzymes and their active sites, while their protein abundance exhibited little change. These results provide evidence of independent translational and post-translational regulation of enzyme activity. The observed complexity of thiol modifications on the same Cys residues illustrates the challenge in the characterization and interpretation of protein thiol modifications and their functional regulation. Simultaneous quantification of protein abundances and multiple types of thiol PTMs. Multiple types PTMs observed on the same Cys sites for redox-regulated proteins. Data revealed complexity of thiol PTMs and their regulation. Distinctive translational and post-translational regulation under ER stress in β-cells.
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58
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Carballal S, Vitvitsky V, Kumar R, Hanna DA, Libiad M, Gupta A, Jones JW, Banerjee R. Hydrogen sulfide stimulates lipid biogenesis from glutamine that is dependent on the mitochondrial NAD(P)H pool. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100950. [PMID: 34252456 PMCID: PMC8342795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells synthesize H2S from sulfur-containing amino acids and are also exposed to exogenous sources of this signaling molecule, notably from gut microbes. As an inhibitor of complex IV in the electron transport chain, H2S can have a profound impact on metabolism, suggesting the hypothesis that metabolic reprogramming is a primary mechanism by which H2S signals. In this study, we report that H2S increases lipogenesis in many cell types, using carbon derived from glutamine rather than from glucose. H2S-stimulated lipid synthesis is sensitive to the mitochondrial NAD(P)H pools and is enabled by reductive carboxylation of α-ketoglutarate. Lipidomics analysis revealed that H2S elicits time-dependent changes across several lipid classes, e.g., upregulating triglycerides while downregulating phosphatidylcholine. Direct analysis of triglyceride concentration revealed that H2S induces a net increase in the size of this lipid pool. These results provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the effects of H2S on increasing lipid droplets in adipocytes and population studies that have pointed to a positive correlation between cysteine (a substrate for H2S synthesis) and fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Carballal
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Victor Vitvitsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David A Hanna
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marouane Libiad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aditi Gupta
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jace W Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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59
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Pedre B, Barayeu U, Ezeriņa D, Dick TP. The mechanism of action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC): The emerging role of H 2S and sulfane sulfur species. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107916. [PMID: 34171332 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Initially adopted as a mucolytic about 60 years ago, the cysteine prodrug N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the standard of care to treat paracetamol intoxication, and is included on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines. Additionally, NAC increasingly became the epitome of an "antioxidant". Arguably, it is the most widely used "antioxidant" in experimental cell and animal biology, as well as clinical studies. Most investigators use and test NAC with the idea that it prevents or attenuates oxidative stress. Conventionally, it is assumed that NAC acts as (i) a reductant of disulfide bonds, (ii) a scavenger of reactive oxygen species and/or (iii) a precursor for glutathione biosynthesis. While these mechanisms may apply under specific circumstances, they cannot be generalized to explain the effects of NAC in a majority of settings and situations. In most cases the mechanism of action has remained unclear and untested. In this review, we discuss the validity of conventional assumptions and the scope of a newly discovered mechanism of action, namely the conversion of NAC into hydrogen sulfide and sulfane sulfur species. The antioxidative and cytoprotective activities of per- and polysulfides may explain many of the effects that have previously been ascribed to NAC or NAC-derived glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandán Pedre
- Division of Redox Regulation, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uladzimir Barayeu
- Division of Redox Regulation, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- Division of Redox Regulation, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias P Dick
- Division of Redox Regulation, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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60
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Petrovic D, Kouroussis E, Vignane T, Filipovic MR. The Role of Protein Persulfidation in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:674135. [PMID: 34248604 PMCID: PMC8261153 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.674135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), originally considered a toxic gas, is now a recognized gasotransmitter. Numerous studies have revealed the role of H2S as a redox signaling molecule that controls important physiological/pathophysiological functions. The underlying mechanism postulated to serve as an explanation of these effects is protein persulfidation (P-SSH, also known as S-sulfhydration), an oxidative posttranslational modification of cysteine thiols. Protein persulfidation has remained understudied due to its instability and chemical reactivity similar to other cysteine modifications, making it very difficult to selectively label. Recent developments of persulfide labeling techniques have started unraveling the role of this modification in (patho)physiology. PSSH levels are important for the cellular defense against oxidative injury, albeit they decrease with aging, leaving proteins vulnerable to oxidative damage. Aging is one of the main risk factors for many neurodegenerative diseases. Persulfidation has been shown to be dysregulated in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Huntington's disease, and Spinocerebellar ataxia 3. This article reviews the latest discoveries that link protein persulfidation, aging and neurodegeneration, and provides future directions for this research field that could result in development of targeted drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Petrovic
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Emilia Kouroussis
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thibaut Vignane
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
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Kasamatsu S, Ida T, Koga T, Asada K, Motohashi H, Ihara H, Akaike T. High-Precision Sulfur Metabolomics Innovated by a New Specific Probe for Trapping Reactive Sulfur Species. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1407-1419. [PMID: 33198504 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Persulfides and other reactive sulfur species are endogenously produced in large amounts in vivo and participate in multiple cellular functions underlying physiological and pathological conditions. In the current study, we aimed to develop an ideal alkylating agent for use in sulfur metabolomics, particularly targeting persulfides and other reactive sulfur species, with minimal artifactual decomposition. Results: We synthesized a tyrosine-based iodoacetamide derivative, N-iodoacetyl l-tyrosine methyl ester (TME-IAM), which reacts with the thiol residue of cysteine identically to that of β-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl iodoacetamide (HPE-IAM), a commercially available reagent. Our previous study revealed that although various electrophilic alkylating agents readily decomposed polysulfides, HPE-IAM exceptionally stabilized the polysulfides by inhibiting their alkaline hydrolysis. The newly synthesized TME-IAM stabilizes oxidized glutathione tetrasulfide more efficiently than other alkylating agents, including HPE-IAM, iodoacetamide, and monobromobimane. In fact, our quantitative sulfur-related metabolome analysis showed that TME-IAM is a more efficient trapping agent for endogenous persulfides/polysulfides containing a larger number of sulfur atoms in mouse liver and brain tissues compared with HPE-IAM. Innovation and Conclusions: We developed a novel iodoacetamide derivative, which is the most ideal reagent developed to date for detecting endogenous persulfides/polysulfides formed in biological samples, such as cultured cells, tissues, and plasma. This new probe may be useful for investigating the unique chemical properties of reactive persulfides, thereby enabling identification of novel reactive sulfur metabolites that remain unidentified because of their instability, and thus can be applied in high-precision sulfur metabolomics in redox biology and medicine. We did not perform any clinical experiments in this study. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1407-1419.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taisei Koga
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosho Asada
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Jackson MR, Cox KD, Baugh SDP, Wakeen L, Rashad AA, Lam PYS, Polyak B, Jorns MS. Discovery of a first-in-class inhibitor of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase that protects against adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1771-1784. [PMID: 34132787 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a potent signaling molecule that activates diverse cardioprotective pathways by posttranslational modification (persulfidation) of cysteine residues in upstream protein targets. Heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) exhibit low levels of H2S. Sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) catalyzes the first irreversible step in the metabolism of H2S and plays a key role in regulating H2S-mediated signaling. Our aim here was to discover a first-in-class inhibitor of human SQOR and evaluate its cardioprotective effect in an animal model of HFrEF. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified a potent inhibitor of human SQOR (STI1, IC50 = 29 nM) by high-throughput screening of a small-molecule library, followed by focused medicinal chemistry optimization and structure-based design. STI1 is a competitive inhibitor that binds with high selectivity to the coenzyme Q-binding pocket in SQOR. STI1 exhibited very low cytotoxicity and attenuated the hypertrophic response of neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes and H9c2 cells induced by neurohormonal stressors. A mouse HFrEF model was produced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Treatment of TAC mice with STI1 mitigated the development of cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion, dilatation of the left ventricle, and cardiac fibrosis and decreased the pressure gradient across the aortic constriction. Moreover, STI1 dramatically improved survival, preserved cardiac function, and prevented the progression to HFrEF by impeding the transition from compensated to decompensated left ventricle hypertrophy. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that the coenzyme Q-binding pocket in human SQOR is a druggable target and establish proof of concept for the potential of SQOR inhibitors to provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of HFrEF. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE In HFrEF there is a compelling need for new drugs that mitigate the pathological remodeling induced by injury and improve patient survival. This study identifies SQOR-inhibiting drugs as a promising first-in-class therapy for HFrEF patients. Due to the well-established protective properties of H2S-induced signaling in renal physiology and disease, this novel class of heart failure therapeutics may also address the large unmet need of therapies for approximately 50% of heart failure patients that have coexisting chronic renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Kristie D Cox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Simon D P Baugh
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc. Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Luke Wakeen
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Adel A Rashad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Patrick Y S Lam
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc. Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Boris Polyak
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Marilyn Schuman Jorns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
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63
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Sueiro-Olivares M, Scott J, Gago S, Petrovic D, Kouroussis E, Zivanovic J, Yu Y, Strobel M, Cunha C, Thomson D, Fortune-Grant R, Thusek S, Bowyer P, Beilhack A, Carvalho A, Bignell E, Filipovic MR, Amich J. Fungal and host protein persulfidation are functionally correlated and modulate both virulence and antifungal response. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001247. [PMID: 34061822 PMCID: PMC8168846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a human fungal pathogen that can cause devastating pulmonary infections, termed "aspergilloses," in individuals suffering immune imbalances or underlying lung conditions. As rapid adaptation to stress is crucial for the outcome of the host-pathogen interplay, here we investigated the role of the versatile posttranslational modification (PTM) persulfidation for both fungal virulence and antifungal host defense. We show that an A. fumigatus mutant with low persulfidation levels is more susceptible to host-mediated killing and displays reduced virulence in murine models of infection. Additionally, we found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human gene encoding cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) causes a reduction in cellular persulfidation and correlates with a predisposition of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), as correct levels of persulfidation are required for optimal antifungal activity of recipients' lung resident host cells. Importantly, the levels of host persulfidation determine the levels of fungal persulfidation, ultimately reflecting a host-pathogen functional correlation and highlighting a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sueiro-Olivares
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Gago
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dunja Petrovic
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
| | - Emilia Kouroussis
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
| | - Jasmina Zivanovic
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires (IBGC), Bordeaux, France
| | - Yidong Yu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Laboratory for Experimental Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Strobel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Laboratory for Experimental Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS)/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (3B’s)—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Darren Thomson
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Fortune-Grant
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sina Thusek
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Laboratory for Experimental Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Bowyer
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Laboratory for Experimental Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS)/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (3B’s)—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Elaine Bignell
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jorge Amich
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Willems P, Van Breusegem F, Huang J. Contemporary proteomic strategies for cysteine redoxome profiling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:110-124. [PMID: 33793888 PMCID: PMC8154054 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein cysteine residues are susceptible to oxidative modifications that can affect protein functions. Proteomic techniques that comprehensively profile the cysteine redoxome, the repertoire of oxidized cysteine residues, are pivotal towards a better understanding of the protein redox signaling. Recent technical advances in chemical tools and redox proteomic strategies have greatly improved selectivity, in vivo applicability, and quantification of the cysteine redoxome. Despite this substantial progress, still many challenges remain. Here, we provide an update on the recent advances in proteomic strategies for cysteine redoxome profiling, compare the advantages and disadvantages of current methods and discuss the outstanding challenges and future perspectives for plant redoxome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Willems
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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65
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Walsh BJC, Giedroc DP. Proteomics Profiling of S-sulfurated Proteins in Acinetobacter baumannii. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4000. [PMID: 34124301 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as an important modulator in bacterial cytoprotection against the host immune response in infected animals, which may well be attributed to downstream highly oxidized sulfur species, termed reactive sulfur species (RSS), derived from H2S. One mechanism by which H2S/RSS may signal in the cell is through proteome S-sulfuration (persulfidation), which is the conversion of protein thiols (-SH) to protein persulfides (-SSH). While several analytical methods have been developed to profile sites of protein persulfidation, few have been applied to bacterial cells. The analytical workflow presented here was recently utilized to profile proteome persulfidation in the major human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii treated with an exogenous sulfide source, Na2S. The data obtained using this protocol allow quantitation of the change in persulfidation status of each cysteine in the proteome normalized to the change in protein abundance, thus identifying sites of persulfidation that may constitute regulatory modifications. These can be validated using follow-up biochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 7102, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 7102, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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66
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Selinski J, Scheibe R. Central Metabolism in Mammals and Plants as a Hub for Controlling Cell Fate. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1025-1047. [PMID: 32620064 PMCID: PMC8060724 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The importance of oxidoreductases in energy metabolism together with the occurrence of enzymes of central metabolism in the nucleus gave rise to the active research field aiming to understand moonlighting enzymes that undergo post-translational modifications (PTMs) before carrying out new tasks. Recent Advances: Cytosolic enzymes were shown to induce gene transcription after PTM and concomitant translocation to the nucleus. Changed properties of the oxidized forms of cytosolic glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and also malate dehydrogenases and others, are the basis for a hypothesis suggesting moonlighting functions that directly link energy metabolism to adaptive responses required for maintenance of redox-homeostasis in all eukaryotes. Critical Issues: Small molecules, such as metabolic intermediates, coenzymes, or reduced glutathione, were shown to fine-tune the redox switches, interlinking redox state, metabolism, and induction of new functions via nuclear gene expression. The cytosol with its metabolic enzymes connecting energy fluxes between the various cell compartments can be seen as a hub for redox signaling, integrating the different signals for graded and directed responses in stressful situations. Future Directions: Enzymes of central metabolism were shown to interact with p53 or the assumed plant homologue suppressor of gamma response 1 (SOG1), an NAM, ATAF, and CUC transcription factor involved in the stress response upon ultraviolet exposure. Metabolic enzymes serve as sensors for imbalances, their inhibition leading to changed energy metabolism, and the adoption of transcriptional coactivator activities. Depending on the intensity of the impact, rerouting of energy metabolism, proliferation, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, immune responses, or cell death will be induced. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1025-1047.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Renate Scheibe
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
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67
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Vitvitsky V, Kumar R, Libiad M, Maebius A, Landry AP, Banerjee R. The mitochondrial NADH pool is involved in hydrogen sulfide signaling and stimulation of aerobic glycolysis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100736. [PMID: 33933447 PMCID: PMC8165552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is synthesized by enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism and oxidized via a dedicated mitochondrial pathway that intersects with the electron transport chain at the level of complex III. Studies with H2S are challenging since it is volatile and also reacts with oxidized thiols in the culture medium, forming sulfane sulfur species. The half-life of exogenously added H2S to cultured cells is unknown. In this study, we first examined the half-life of exogenously added H2S to human colonic epithelial cells. In plate cultures, H2S disappeared with a t1/2 of 3 to 4 min at 37 °C with a small fraction being trapped as sulfane sulfur species. In suspension cultures, the rate of abiotic loss of H2S was slower, and we demonstrated that sulfide stimulated aerobic glycolysis, which was sensitive to the mitochondrial but not the cytoplasmic NADH pool. Oxidation of mitochondrial NADH using the genetically encoded mito-LbNOX tool blunted the cellular sensitivity to sulfide-stimulated aerobic glycolysis and enhanced its oxidation to thiosulfate. In contrast, sulfide did not affect flux through the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway or the TCA cycle. Knockdown of sulfide quinone oxidoreductase, which commits H2S to oxidation, sensitized cells to sulfide-stimulated aerobic glycolysis. Finally, we observed that sulfide decreased ATP levels in cells. The dual potential of H2S to activate oxidative phosphorylation at low concentrations, but inhibit it at high concentrations, suggests that it might play a role in tuning electron flux and, therefore, cellular energy metabolism, particularly during cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Vitvitsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marouane Libiad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Allison Maebius
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron P Landry
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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68
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Wang W, Ren S, Lu Y, Chen X, Qu J, Ma X, Deng Q, Hu Z, Jin Y, Zhou Z, Ge W, Zhu Y, Yang N, Li Q, Pu J, Chen G, Ye C, Wang H, Zhao X, Liu Z, Zhu S. Inhibition of Syk promotes chemical reprogramming of fibroblasts via metabolic rewiring and H 2 S production. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106771. [PMID: 33909912 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical compounds have recently been introduced as alternative and non-integrating inducers of pluripotent stem cell fate. However, chemical reprogramming is hampered by low efficiency and the molecular mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) by R406 significantly promotes mouse chemical reprogramming. Mechanistically, R406 alleviates Syk / calcineurin (Cn) / nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling-mediated suppression of glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic genes and dependent metabolites. Syk inhibition upregulates glycine level and downstream transsulfuration cysteine biosynthesis, promoting cysteine metabolism and cellular hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) production. This metabolic rewiring decreased oxidative phosphorylation and ROS levels, enhancing chemical reprogramming. In sum, our study identifies Syk-Cn-NFAT signaling axis as a new barrier of chemical reprogramming and suggests metabolic rewiring and redox homeostasis as important opportunities for controlling cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaofang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunkun Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Qu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Deng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jin
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Ge
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nannan Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Pu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cunqi Ye
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Saiyong Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Dietary restriction transforms the mammalian protein persulfidome in a tissue-specific and cystathionine γ-lyase-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1745. [PMID: 33741971 PMCID: PMC7979915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a cytoprotective redox-active metabolite that signals through protein persulfidation (R-SSnH). Despite the known importance of persulfidation, tissue-specific persulfidome profiles and their associated functions are not well characterized, specifically under conditions and interventions known to modulate H2S production. We hypothesize that dietary restriction (DR), which increases lifespan and can boost H2S production, expands tissue-specific persulfidomes. Here, we find protein persulfidation enriched in liver, kidney, muscle, and brain but decreased in heart of young and aged male mice under two forms of DR, with DR promoting persulfidation in numerous metabolic and aging-related pathways. Mice lacking cystathionine γ-lyase (CGL) have overall decreased tissue protein persulfidation numbers and fail to functionally augment persulfidomes in response to DR, predominantly in kidney, muscle, and brain. Here, we define tissue- and CGL-dependent persulfidomes and how diet transforms their makeup, underscoring the breadth for DR and H2S to impact biological processes and organismal health. Dietary restriction (DR) can increase protein persulfidation but the tissue specificity of this process is not well understood. Here, the authors compare organ-specific protein persulfidomes in young and aged mice under DR, and show that DR-dependent persulfidome changes depend on cystathionine γ-lyase.
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70
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Landry AP, Ballou DP, Banerjee R. Hydrogen Sulfide Oxidation by Sulfide Quinone Oxidoreductase. Chembiochem 2021; 22:949-960. [PMID: 33080111 PMCID: PMC7969369 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is an environmental toxin and a heritage of ancient microbial metabolism that has stimulated new interest following its discovery as a neuromodulator. While many physiological responses have been attributed to low H2 S levels, higher levels inhibit complex IV in the electron transport chain. To prevent respiratory poisoning, a dedicated set of enzymes that make up the mitochondrial sulfide oxidation pathway exists to clear H2 S. The committed step in this pathway is catalyzed by sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR), which couples sulfide oxidation to coenzyme Q10 reduction in the electron transport chain. The SQOR reaction prevents H2 S accumulation and generates highly reactive persulfide species as products; these can be further oxidized or can modify cysteine residues in proteins by persulfidation. Here, we review the kinetic and structural characteristics of human SQOR, and how its unconventional redox cofactor configuration and substrate promiscuity lead to sulfide clearance and potentially expand the signaling potential of H2 S. This dual role of SQOR makes it a promising target for H2 S-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron P. Landry
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - David P. Ballou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Kumar R, Banerjee R. Regulation of the redox metabolome and thiol proteome by hydrogen sulfide. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:221-235. [PMID: 33722121 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1893641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and compromised antioxidant defenses perturb intracellular redox homeostasis and is associated with a myriad of human diseases as well as with the natural process of aging. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is biosynthesized by organisms ranging from bacteria to man, influences a broad range of physiological functions. A highly touted molecular mechanism by which H2S exerts its cellular effects is via post-translational modification of the thiol redox proteome, converting cysteine thiols to persulfides, in a process referred to as protein persulfidation. The physiological relevance of this modification in the context of specific signal transmission pathways remains to be rigorously established, while a general protective role for protein persulfidation against hyper-oxidation of the cysteine proteome is better supported. A second mechanism by which H2S modulates redox homeostasis is via remodeling the redox metabolome, targeting the electron transfer chain and perturbing the major redox nodes i.e. CoQ/CoQH2, NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2. The metabolic changes that result from H2S-induced redox changes fan out from the mitochondrion to other compartments. In this review, we discuss recent developments in elucidating the roles of H2S and its oxidation products on redox homeostasis and its role in protecting the thiol proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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72
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Ganguly A, Ofman G, Vitiello PF. Hydrogen Sulfide-Clues from Evolution and Implication for Neonatal Respiratory Diseases. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:213. [PMID: 33799529 PMCID: PMC7999351 DOI: 10.3390/children8030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been the focus of redox research in the realm of oxidative neonatal respiratory diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Over the years, nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been identified as important gaseous signaling molecules involved in modulating the redox homeostasis in the developing lung. While animal data targeting aspects of these redox pathways have been promising in treating and/or preventing experimental models of neonatal lung disease, none are particularly effective in human neonatal clinical trials. In recent years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a novel gasotransmitter involved in a magnitude of cellular signaling pathways and functions. The importance of H2S signaling may lie in the fact that early life-forms evolved in a nearly anoxic, sulfur-rich environment and were dependent on H2S for energy. Recent studies have demonstrated an important role of H2S and its synthesizing enzymes in lung development, which normally takes place in a relatively hypoxic intrauterine environment. In this review, we look at clues from evolution and explore the important role that the H2S signaling pathway may play in oxidative neonatal respiratory diseases and discuss future opportunities to explore this phenomenon in the context of neonatal chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhrajit Ganguly
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (G.O.); (P.F.V.)
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73
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Three cytosolic NAD-malate dehydrogenase isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana: on the crossroad between energy fluxes and redox signaling. Biochem J 2021; 477:3673-3693. [PMID: 32897311 PMCID: PMC7538154 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In yeast and animal cells, mitochondrial disturbances resulting from imbalances in the respiratory chain require malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities for re-directing fluxes of reducing equivalents. In plants, in addition to mitochondria, plastids use malate valves to counterbalance and maintain redox-homeostasis. Arabidopsis expresses three cytosolic MDH isoforms, namely cyMDH1, cyMDH2, and cyMDH3, the latter possessing an N-terminal extension carrying a unique cysteine residue C2. In this study, redox-effects on activity and structure of all three cyMDH isoforms were analyzed in vitro. cyMDH1 and cyMDH2 were reversibly inactivated by diamide treatment, accompanied by dimerization via disulfide-bridge formation. In contrast, cyMDH3 forms dimers and higher oligomers upon oxidation, but its low specific activity is redox-independent. In the presence of glutathione, cyMDH1 and cyMDH2 are protected from dimerization and inactivation. In contrast, cyMDH3 still dimerizes but does not form oligomers any longer. From analyses of single and double cysteine mutants and structural modeling of cyMDH3, we conclude that the presence of C2 and C336 allows for multiple cross-links in the higher molecular mass complexes comprising disulfides within the dimer as well as between monomers of two different dimers. Furthermore, nuclear localization of cyMDH isoforms was significantly increased under oxidizing conditions in isolated Arabidopsis protoplasts, in particular of isoform cyMDH3. The unique cyMDH3 C2-C2-linked dimer is, therefore, a good candidate as a redox-sensor taking over moonlighting functions upon disturbances of energy metabolism, as shown previously for the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) where oxidative modification of the sensitive catalytic cysteine residues induces nuclear translocation.
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74
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Tao BB, Zhu YC. A Common Molecular Switch for H 2S to Regulate Multiple Protein Targets. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1315:1-16. [PMID: 34302686 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, a small molecule, produced by endogenous enzymes, such as CTH, CBS, and MPST using L-cysteine as substrates, has been reported to have numerous protective effects. However, the key problem that the target of H2S and how it can affect the structure and activity of biological molecules is still unknown. Till now, there are two main theories of its working mechanism. One is that H2S can modify the free thiol in cysteine to produce the persulfide state of the thiol and the sulfhydration of cysteine can significantly change the structure and activity of target proteins. The other theory is that H2S, as an antioxidant molecule, can directly break the disulfide bond in target proteins, and the persulfide state of thiol can be an intermediate product during the reaction. Both phenomena exit for no doubt since they are both supported by large amounts of experiments. Here, we will summarize both theories and try to discuss which one is the more effective or direct mechanism for H2S and what is the relationship between them. Therefore, we will discover more protein targets of H2S with the mechanism and understand more about the effect of this small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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75
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Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) signaling in plant development and stress responses. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:32-63. [PMID: 34377579 PMCID: PMC7917380 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was initially recognized as a toxic gas and its biological functions in mammalian cells have been gradually discovered during the past decades. In the latest decade, numerous studies have revealed that H2S has versatile functions in plants as well. In this review, we summarize H2S-mediated sulfur metabolic pathways, as well as the progress in the recognition of its biological functions in plant growth and development, particularly its physiological functions in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Besides direct chemical reactions, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have complex relationships with H2S in plant signaling, both of which mediate protein post-translational modification (PTM) to attack the cysteine residues. We also discuss recent progress in the research on the three types of PTMs and their biological functions in plants. Finally, we propose the relevant issues that need to be addressed in the future research. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4.
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76
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Bogdándi V, Ditrói T, Bátai IZ, Sándor Z, Minnion M, Vasas A, Galambos K, Buglyó P, Pintér E, Feelisch M, Nagy P. Nitrosopersulfide (SSNO -) Is a Unique Cysteine Polysulfidating Agent with Reduction-Resistant Bioactivity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1277-1294. [PMID: 32316739 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical properties of nitrosopersulfide (SSNO-), a key intermediate of the nitric oxide (NO)/sulfide cross talk. Results: We obtained corroborating evidence that SSNO- is indeed a major product of the reaction of S-nitrosothiols with hydrogen sulfide (H2S). It was found to be relatively stable (t1/2 ∼1 h at room temperature) in aqueous solution of physiological pH, stabilized by the presence of excess sulfide and resistant toward reduction by other thiols. Furthermore, we here show that SSNO- escapes the reducing power of the NADPH-driven biological reducing machineries, the thioredoxin and glutathione reductase systems. The slow decomposition of SSNO- produces inorganic polysulfide species, which effectively induce per/polysulfidation on glutathione or protein cysteine (Cys) residues. Our data also demonstrate that, in contrast to the transient activation by inorganic polysulfides, SSNO- induces long-term potentiation of TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1) channels, which may be due to its propensity to generate a slow flux of polysulfide in situ. Innovation: The characterized properties of SSNO- would seem to represent unique features in cell signaling by enabling sulfur and nitrogen trafficking within the reducing environment of the cytosol, with targeted release of both NO and polysulfide equivalents. Conclusion: SSNO- is a surprisingly stable bioactive product of the chemical interaction of S-nitrosothiol species and H2S that is resistant to reduction by the thioredoxin and glutathione systems. As well as generating NO, it releases inorganic polysulfides, enabling transfer of sulfane sulfur species to peptide/protein Cys residues. The sustained activation of TRPA1 channels by SSNO- is most likely linked to all these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virág Bogdándi
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Ditrói
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Zoárd Bátai
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Vasas
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Galambos
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Buglyó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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77
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Kasamatsu S. Persulfide-Dependent Regulation of Electrophilic Redox Signaling in Neural Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1320-1331. [PMID: 32536194 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox homeostasis is precisely modulated by intricate systems that regulate production, elimination, and metabolism of electrophilic substances (electrophiles) in the nervous system. Since the first report of the endogenous production of reactive persulfide species in cells, such as cysteine persulfides (CysSSH), these reactive species have been a topic of extreme interest in the field of redox biology; persulfides/polysulfides possess unique chemical properties and are involved in multiple cellular functions. Recent Advances: Electrophilic signaling is mainly regulated by endogenous electrophiles that are generated from reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and their derivatives during stress responses, as well as by exogenous electrophiles, including compounds in foods and environmental pollutants, such as methylmercury (MeHg). Among diverse electrophiles that are endogenously generated, 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP) possesses unique redox properties, of which the biosynthetic pathway, signaling mechanism, and metabolism in cells have been elucidated. Critical Issues: Persulfides, such as CysSSH, that are endogenously produced are critically involved in 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Exposure of neurons to the exogenous neurotoxicant, MeHg, causes severe neurodegeneration via disruption of persulfide-dependent 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Future Directions: Accumulating evidence indicates that persulfides are involved in various cellular functions under physiological and pathological conditions. These new aspects of redox biology related to persulfides may be frontiers of cell research, medical and clinical investigations of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as other fields. 8-Nitro-cGMP-mediated signaling and its persulfide-dependent metabolism in cells could, therefore, be potential targets for drug development, which may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents for many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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78
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Tossounian MA, Zhang B, Gout I. The Writers, Readers, and Erasers in Redox Regulation of GAPDH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121288. [PMID: 33339386 PMCID: PMC7765867 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde 3–phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key glycolytic enzyme, which is crucial for the breakdown of glucose to provide cellular energy. Over the past decade, GAPDH has been reported to be one of the most prominent cellular targets of post-translational modifications (PTMs), which divert GAPDH toward different non-glycolytic functions. Hence, it is termed a moonlighting protein. During metabolic and oxidative stress, GAPDH is a target of different oxidative PTMs (oxPTM), e.g., sulfenylation, S-thiolation, nitrosylation, and sulfhydration. These modifications alter the enzyme’s conformation, subcellular localization, and regulatory interactions with downstream partners, which impact its glycolytic and non-glycolytic functions. In this review, we discuss the redox regulation of GAPDH by different redox writers, which introduce the oxPTM code on GAPDH to instruct a redox response; the GAPDH readers, which decipher the oxPTM code through regulatory interactions and coordinate cellular response via the formation of multi-enzyme signaling complexes; and the redox erasers, which are the reducing systems that regenerate the GAPDH catalytic activity. Human pathologies associated with the oxidation-induced dysregulation of GAPDH are also discussed, featuring the importance of the redox regulation of GAPDH in neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders.
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79
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Nagy P, Dóka É, Ida T, Akaike T. Measuring Reactive Sulfur Species and Thiol Oxidation States: Challenges and Cautions in Relation to Alkylation-Based Protocols. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1174-1189. [PMID: 32631072 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Redox biology is gaining ground in research related to human physiology (metabolism, signaling), pathophysiology (cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration), and toxicology (radiation- or xenobiotic-induced damage). A major hurdle in advancing redox medicine is the current lack of understanding the mechanisms underpinning the observed detrimental or beneficial in vivo effects. To gain deeper insights into the underlying molecular pathways of redox regulation, we need to appreciate the strengths and limitations of the currently available methods. Recent Advances: Reactive sulfur species (RSS), including cysteine derivatives of peptides and proteins along with small molecules such as hydrogen sulfide or inorganic polysulfides, are major players in redox biology. RSS-mediated regulation of protein functions is a widely studied mechanism in the field, and considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of selective detection methods. Critical Issues: A large number of available methods rely on an alkylation step to freeze the dynamism of consecutive oxidation and reduction events among RSS at a particular time point inside the cell. This process uses the assumption that alkylation blocks all redox events instantaneously. We argue that unfortunately this is often not the case, which could have serious impacts on detected sulfur species speciation and confound experimental results. Future Directions: Novel technologies and prudent optimization of existing methods to accurately characterize the dynamic redox status of the thiol proteome as well as detailed understanding of regulatory and signaling capacities of protein polysulfidation are crucial to open new routes toward therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Dóka
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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80
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Rojas-Pirela M, Andrade-Alviárez D, Rojas V, Kemmerling U, Cáceres AJ, Michels PA, Concepción JL, Quiñones W. Phosphoglycerate kinase: structural aspects and functions, with special emphasis on the enzyme from Kinetoplastea. Open Biol 2020; 10:200302. [PMID: 33234025 PMCID: PMC7729029 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) is a glycolytic enzyme that is well conserved among the three domains of life. PGK is usually a monomeric enzyme of about 45 kDa that catalyses one of the two ATP-producing reactions in the glycolytic pathway, through the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPGA) to 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA). It also participates in gluconeogenesis, catalysing the opposite reaction to produce 1,3BPGA and ADP. Like most other glycolytic enzymes, PGK has also been catalogued as a moonlighting protein, due to its involvement in different functions not associated with energy metabolism, which include pathogenesis, interaction with nucleic acids, tumorigenesis progression, cell death and viral replication. In this review, we have highlighted the overall aspects of this enzyme, such as its structure, reaction kinetics, activity regulation and possible moonlighting functions in different protistan organisms, especially both free-living and parasitic Kinetoplastea. Our analysis of the genomes of different kinetoplastids revealed the presence of open-reading frames (ORFs) for multiple PGK isoforms in several species. Some of these ORFs code for unusually large PGKs. The products appear to contain additional structural domains fused to the PGK domain. A striking aspect is that some of these PGK isoforms are predicted to be catalytically inactive enzymes or ‘dead’ enzymes. The roles of PGKs in kinetoplastid parasites are analysed, and the apparent significance of the PGK gene duplication that gave rise to the different isoforms and their expression in Trypanosoma cruzi is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2373223, Chile
| | - Diego Andrade-Alviárez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Verónica Rojas
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2373223, Chile
| | - Ulrike Kemmerling
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Santigo de Chile
| | - Ana J Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Paul A Michels
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.,Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Juan Luis Concepción
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Wilfredo Quiñones
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
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81
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Abstract
Aims: Cysteine persulfidation (also called sulfhydration or sulfuration) has emerged as a potential redox mechanism to regulate protein functions and diverse biological processes in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling. Due to its intrinsically unstable nature, working with this modification has proven to be challenging. Although methodological progress has expanded the inventory of persulfidated proteins, there is a continued need to develop methods that can directly and unequivocally identify persulfidated cysteine residues in complex proteomes. Results: A quantitative chemoproteomic method termed as low-pH quantitative thiol reactivity profiling (QTRP) was developed to enable direct site-specific mapping and reactivity profiling of proteomic persulfides and thiols in parallel. The method was first applied to cell lysates treated with NaHS, resulting in the identification of overall 1547 persulfidated sites on 994 proteins. Structural analysis uncovered unique consensus motifs that might define this distinct type of modification. Moreover, the method was extended to profile endogenous protein persulfides in cells expressing H2S-generating enzyme, mouse tissues, and human serum, which led to additional insights into mechanistic, structural, and functional features of persulfidation events, particularly on human serum albumin. Innovation and Conclusion: Low-pH QTRP represents the first method that enables direct and unbiased proteomic mapping of cysteine persulfidation. Our method allows to generate the most comprehensive inventory of persulfidated targets of NaHS so far and to perform the first analysis of in vivo persulfidation events, providing a valuable tool to dissect the biological functions of this important modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Caiping Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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82
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Yang CT, Devarie-Baez NO, Hamsath A, Fu XD, Xian M. S-Persulfidation: Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Significance in Health and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1092-1114. [PMID: 31547682 PMCID: PMC7583347 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: S-Persulfidation generates persulfide adducts (RSSH) on both small molecules and proteins. This process is believed to be critical in the regulation of biological functions of reactive sulfur species such as H2S, as well as in signal transduction. S-Persulfidation also plays regulatory roles in human health and diseases. Recent Advances: Some mechanisms underlying the generation of low-molecular-weight persulfides and protein S-persulfidation in living organisms have been uncovered. Some methods for the specific delivery of persulfides and the detection of persulfides in biological systems have been developed. These advances help to pave the road to better understand the functions of S-persulfidation. Critical Issues: Persulfides are highly reactive and unstable. Currently, their identification relies on trapping them by S-alkylation, but this is not always reliable due to rapid sulfur exchange reactions. Therefore, the presence, identity, and fates of persulfides in biological environments are sometimes difficult to track. Future Directions: Further understanding the fundamental chemistry/biochemistry of persulfides and development of more reliable detection methods are needed. S-Persulfidation in specific protein targets is essential in organismal physiological health and human disease states. Besides cardiovascular and neuronal systems, the roles of persulfidation in other systems need to be further explored. Contradictory results of persulfidation in biology, especially in cancer, need to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Protein Modification and Degradation Key Lab of Guangzhou and Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology in School of Pharmaceutics Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nelmi O Devarie-Baez
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University-Tri Cities, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Akil Hamsath
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Fu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Protein Modification and Degradation Key Lab of Guangzhou and Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology in School of Pharmaceutics Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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83
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The multifaceted roles of sulfane sulfur species in cancer-associated processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148338. [PMID: 33212042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species comprise a variety of biologically relevant hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-derived species, including per- and poly-sulfidated low molecular weight compounds and proteins. A growing body of evidence suggests that H2S, currently recognized as a key signaling molecule in human physiology and pathophysiology, plays an important role in cancer biology by modulating cell bioenergetics and contributing to metabolic reprogramming. This is accomplished through functional modulation of target proteins via H2S binding to heme iron centers or H2S-mediated reversible per- or poly-sulfidation of specific cysteine residues. Since sulfane sulfur species are increasingly viewed not only as a major source of H2S but also as key mediators of some of the biological effects commonly attributed to H2S, the multifaceted role of these species in cancer biology is reviewed here with reference to H2S, focusing on their metabolism, signaling function, impact on cell bioenergetics and anti-tumoral properties.
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84
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Blumental-Perry A, Jobava R, Bederman I, Degar AJ, Kenche H, Guan BJ, Pandit K, Perry NA, Molyneaux ND, Wu J, Prendergas E, Ye ZW, Zhang J, Nelson CE, Ahangari F, Krokowski D, Guttentag SH, Linden PA, Townsend DM, Miron A, Kang MJ, Kaminski N, Perry Y, Hatzoglou M. Retrograde signaling by a mtDNA-encoded non-coding RNA preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics. Commun Biol 2020; 3:626. [PMID: 33127975 PMCID: PMC7603330 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type II (AETII) cells are important for lung epithelium maintenance and function. We demonstrate that AETII cells from mouse lungs exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) increase the levels of the mitochondria-encoded non-coding RNA, mito-RNA-805, generated by the control region of the mitochondrial genome. The protective effects of mito-ncR-805 are associated with positive regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, and respiration. Levels of mito-ncR-805 do not relate to steady-state transcription or replication of the mitochondrial genome. Instead, CS-exposure causes the redistribution of mito-ncR-805 from mitochondria to the nucleus, which correlated with the increased expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in mitochondrial function. These studies reveal an unrecognized mitochondria stress associated retrograde signaling, and put forward the idea that mito-ncRNA-805 represents a subtype of small non coding RNAs that are regulated in a tissue- or cell-type specific manner to protect cells under physiological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blumental-Perry
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - R Jobava
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - I Bederman
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A J Degar
- College of Pharmacology, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H Kenche
- Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah Campus, Savannah, GA, USA
- Savannah State University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - B J Guan
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K Pandit
- Sekusui XenoTech, LLC, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - N A Perry
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - N D Molyneaux
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J Wu
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Prendergas
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Z-W Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - C E Nelson
- Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah Campus, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - F Ahangari
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Krokowski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - S H Guttentag
- Division of Neonatology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P A Linden
- Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - D M Townsend
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - A Miron
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M-J Kang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N Kaminski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Perry
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - M Hatzoglou
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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85
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Gibhardt CS, Ezeriņa D, Sung HM, Messens J, Bogeski I. Redox regulation of the mitochondrial calcium transport machinery. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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86
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Walsh BJC, Giedroc DP. H 2S and reactive sulfur signaling at the host-bacterial pathogen interface. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13150-13168. [PMID: 32699012 PMCID: PMC7504917 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens that cause invasive disease in the vertebrate host must adapt to host efforts to cripple their viability. Major host insults are reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species as well as cellular stress induced by antibiotics. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as an important player in cytoprotection against these stressors, which may well be attributed to downstream more oxidized sulfur species termed reactive sulfur species (RSS). In this review, we summarize recent work that suggests that H2S/RSS impacts bacterial survival in infected cells and animals. We discuss the mechanisms of biogenesis and clearance of RSS in the context of a bacterial H2S/RSS homeostasis model and the bacterial transcriptional regulatory proteins that act as "sensors" of cellular RSS that maintain H2S/RSS homeostasis. In addition, we cover fluorescence imaging- and MS-based approaches used to detect and quantify RSS in bacterial cells. Last, we discuss proteome persulfidation (S-sulfuration) as a potential mediator of H2S/RSS signaling in bacteria in the context of the writer-reader-eraser paradigm, and progress toward ascribing regulatory significance to this widespread post-translational modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
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87
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Lobel L, Cao YG, Fenn K, Glickman JN, Garrett WS. Diet posttranslationally modifies the mouse gut microbial proteome to modulate renal function. Science 2020; 369:1518-1524. [PMID: 32943527 PMCID: PMC8178816 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Associations between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the gut microbiota have been postulated, yet questions remain about the underlying mechanisms. In humans, dietary protein increases gut bacterial production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), indole, and indoxyl sulfate. The latter are uremic toxins, and H2S has diverse physiological functions, some of which are mediated by posttranslational modification. In a mouse model of CKD, we found that a high sulfur amino acid-containing diet resulted in posttranslationally modified microbial tryptophanase activity. This reduced uremic toxin-producing activity and ameliorated progression to CKD in the mice. Thus, diet can tune microbiota function to support healthy host physiology through posttranslational modification without altering microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Lobel
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Y Grace Cao
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathrin Fenn
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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88
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Hipólito A, Nunes SC, Vicente JB, Serpa J. Cysteine Aminotransferase (CAT): A Pivotal Sponsor in Metabolic Remodeling and an Ally of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase (MST) in Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173984. [PMID: 32882966 PMCID: PMC7504796 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodeling is a critical skill of malignant cells, allowing their survival and spread. The metabolic dynamics and adaptation capacity of cancer cells allow them to escape from damaging stimuli, including breakage or cross-links in DNA strands and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, promoting resistance to currently available therapies, such as alkylating or oxidative agents. Therefore, it is essential to understand how metabolic pathways and the corresponding enzymatic systems can impact on tumor behavior. Cysteine aminotransferase (CAT) per se, as well as a component of the CAT: 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) axis, is pivotal for this metabolic rewiring, constituting a central mechanism in amino acid metabolism and fulfilling the metabolic needs of cancer cells, thereby supplying other different pathways. In this review, we explore the current state-of-art on CAT function and its role on cancer cell metabolic rewiring as MST partner, and its relevance in cancer cells' fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia C. Nunes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João B. Vicente
- Institute of Technology, Chemistry and Biology António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da República (EAN), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.V.); (J.S.)
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89
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Guerra DD, Hurt KJ. Gasotransmitters in pregnancy: from conception to uterine involution. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:4-25. [PMID: 30848786 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are endogenous small gaseous messengers exemplified by nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S or sulfide). Gasotransmitters are implicated in myriad physiologic functions including many aspects of reproduction. Our objective was to comprehensively review basic mechanisms and functions of gasotransmitters during pregnancy from conception to uterine involution and highlight future research opportunities. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases using combinations of keywords nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, sulfide, placenta, uterus, labor, and pregnancy. We included English language publications on human and animal studies from any date through August 2018 and retained basic and translational articles with relevant original findings. All gasotransmitters activate cGMP signaling. NO and sulfide also covalently modify target protein cysteines. Protein kinases and ion channels transduce gasotransmitter signals, and co-expressed gasotransmitters can be synergistic or antagonistic depending on cell type. Gasotransmitters influence tubal transit, placentation, cervical remodeling, and myometrial contractility. NO, CO, and sulfide dilate resistance vessels, suppress inflammation, and relax myometrium to promote uterine quiescence and normal placentation. Cervical remodeling and rupture of fetal membranes coincide with enhanced oxidation and altered gasotransmitter metabolism. Mechanisms mediating cellular and organismal changes in pregnancy due to gasotransmitters are largely unknown. Altered gasotransmitter signaling has been reported for preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm labor. However, in most cases specific molecular changes are not yet characterized. Nonclassical signaling pathways and the crosstalk among gasotransmitters are emerging investigation topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian D Guerra
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - K Joseph Hurt
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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90
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Walsh BJC, Wang J, Edmonds KA, Palmer LD, Zhang Y, Trinidad JC, Skaar EP, Giedroc DP. The Response of Acinetobacter baumannii to Hydrogen Sulfide Reveals Two Independent Persulfide-Sensing Systems and a Connection to Biofilm Regulation. mBio 2020; 11:e01254-20. [PMID: 32576676 PMCID: PMC7315123 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01254-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that is the causative agent of several serious infections in humans, including pneumonia, sepsis, and wound and burn infections. A. baumannii is also capable of forming proteinaceous biofilms on both abiotic and epithelial cell surfaces. Here, we investigate the response of A. baumannii toward sodium sulfide (Na2S), known to be associated with some biofilms at oxic/anoxic interfaces. The addition of exogenous inorganic sulfide reveals that A. baumannii encodes two persulfide-sensing transcriptional regulators, a primary σ54-dependent transcriptional activator (FisR), and a secondary system controlled by the persulfide-sensing biofilm growth-associated repressor (BigR), which is only induced by sulfide in a fisR deletion strain. FisR activates an operon encoding a sulfide oxidation/detoxification system similar to that characterized previously in Staphylococcus aureus, while BigR regulates a secondary persulfide dioxygenase (PDO2) as part of yeeE-yedE-pdo2 sulfur detoxification operon, found previously in Serratia spp. Global S-sulfuration (persulfidation) mapping of the soluble proteome reveals 513 persulfidation targets well beyond FisR-regulated genes and includes five transcriptional regulators, most notably the master biofilm regulator BfmR and a poorly characterized catabolite regulatory protein (Crp). Both BfmR and Crp are well known to impact biofilm formation in A. baumannii and other organisms, respectively, suggesting that persulfidation of these regulators may control their activities. The implications of these findings on bacterial sulfide homeostasis, persulfide signaling, and biofilm formation are discussed.IMPORTANCE Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has long been known as a respiratory poison, recent reports in numerous bacterial pathogens reveal that H2S and more downstream oxidized forms of sulfur collectedly termed reactive sulfur species (RSS) function as antioxidants to combat host efforts to clear the infection. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional and proteomic response of A. baumannii to exogenous sulfide as a model for how this important human pathogen manages sulfide/RSS homeostasis. We show that A. baumannii is unique in that it encodes two independent persulfide sensing and detoxification pathways that govern the speciation of bioactive sulfur in cells. The secondary persulfide sensor, BigR, impacts the expression of biofilm-associated genes; in addition, we identify two other transcriptional regulators known or projected to regulate biofilm formation, BfmR and Crp, as highly persulfidated in sulfide-exposed cells. These findings significantly strengthen the connection between sulfide homeostasis and biofilm formation in an important human pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Jiefei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Lauren D Palmer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Jonathan C Trinidad
- Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, and Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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91
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Estrogen Receptors and Estrogen-Induced Uterine Vasodilation in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124349. [PMID: 32570961 PMCID: PMC7352873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal pregnancy is associated with dramatic increases in uterine blood flow to facilitate the bidirectional maternal–fetal exchanges of respiratory gases and to provide sole nutrient support for fetal growth and survival. The mechanism(s) underlying pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation remain incompletely understood, but this is associated with elevated estrogens, which stimulate specific estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent vasodilator production in the uterine artery (UA). The classical ERs (ERα and ERβ) and the plasma-bound G protein-coupled ER (GPR30/GPER) are expressed in UA endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, mediating the vasodilatory effects of estrogens through genomic and/or nongenomic pathways that are likely epigenetically modified. The activation of these three ERs by estrogens enhances the endothelial production of nitric oxide (NO), which has been shown to play a key role in uterine vasodilation during pregnancy. However, the local blockade of NO biosynthesis only partially attenuates estrogen-induced and pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation, suggesting that mechanisms other than NO exist to mediate uterine vasodilation. In this review, we summarize the literature on the role of NO in ER-mediated mechanisms controlling estrogen-induced and pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation and our recent work on a “new” UA vasodilator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that has dramatically changed our view of how estrogens regulate uterine vasodilation in pregnancy.
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92
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Gao XH, Li L, Parisien M, Wu J, Bederman I, Gao Z, Krokowski D, Chirieleison SM, Abbott D, Wang B, Arvan P, Cameron M, Chance M, Willard B, Hatzoglou M. Discovery of a Redox Thiol Switch: Implications for Cellular Energy Metabolism. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:852-870. [PMID: 32132231 PMCID: PMC7196587 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox-based modifications of cysteine residues in proteins regulate their function in many biological processes. The gas molecule H2S has been shown to persulfidate redox sensitive cysteine residues resulting in an H2S-modified proteome known as the sulfhydrome. Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) multiplexing strategies for large-scale proteomic analyses have become increasingly prevalent in detecting cysteine modifications. Here we developed a TMT-based proteomics approach for selectively trapping and tagging cysteine persulfides in the cellular proteomes. We revealed the natural protein sulfhydrome of two human cell lines, and identified insulin as a novel substrate in pancreatic beta cells. Moreover, we showed that under oxidative stress conditions, increased H2S can target enzymes involved in energy metabolism by switching specific cysteine modifications to persulfides. Specifically, we discovered a Redox Thiol Switch, from protein S-glutathioinylation to S-persulfidation (RTSGS). We propose that the RTSGS from S-glutathioinylation to S-persulfidation is a potential mechanism to fine tune cellular energy metabolism in response to different levels of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Huang Gao
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Ling Li
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory for Protein Sequencing, The Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Marc Parisien
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ilya Bederman
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Zhaofeng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Dawid Krokowski
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Derek Abbott
- Department of Pathology,Case Western Reserve University, OH
| | - Benlian Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, OH
| | - Peter Arvan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Mark Cameron
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, OH
| | - Mark Chance
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, OH; Case Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY
| | - Belinda Willard
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory for Protein Sequencing, The Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
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93
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Braunstein I, Engelman R, Yitzhaki O, Ziv T, Galardon E, Benhar M. Opposing effects of polysulfides and thioredoxin on apoptosis through caspase persulfidation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3590-3600. [PMID: 32041780 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide has been implicated in a large number of physiological processes including cell survival and death, encouraging research into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Results from recent studies suggest that the cellular effects of hydrogen sulfide are mediated in part by sulfane sulfur species, including persulfides and polysulfides. In the present study, we investigated the apoptosis-modulating effects of polysulfides, especially on the caspase cascade, which mediates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Biochemical analyses revealed that organic or synthetic polysulfides strongly and rapidly inhibit the enzymatic activity of caspase-3, a major effector protease in apoptosis. We attributed the caspase-3 inhibition to persulfidation of its catalytic cysteine. In apoptotically stimulated HeLa cells, short-term exposure to polysulfides triggered the persulfidation and deactivation of cleaved caspase-3. These effects were antagonized by the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system (Trx/TrxR). Trx/TrxR restored the activity of polysulfide-inactivated caspase-3 in vitro, and TrxR inhibition potentiated polysulfide-mediated suppression of caspase-3 activity in situ We further found that under conditions of low TrxR activity, early cell exposure to polysulfides leads to enhanced persulfidation of initiator caspase-9 and decreases apoptosis. Notably, we show that the proenzymes procaspase-3 and -9 are basally persulfidated in resting (unstimulated) cells and become depersulfidated during their processing and activation. Inhibition of TrxR attenuated the depersulfidation and activation of caspase-9. Taken together, our results reveal that polysulfides target the caspase-9/3 cascade and thereby suppress cancer cell apoptosis, and highlight the role of Trx/TrxR-mediated depersulfidation in enabling caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Braunstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003 Israel
| | - Rotem Engelman
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003 Israel
| | - Ofer Yitzhaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003 Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- Smoler Proteomics Center and Faculty of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096 Israel
| | - Erwan Galardon
- UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Moran Benhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003 Israel.
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94
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Persulfides, at the crossroads between hydrogen sulfide and thiols. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:155-168. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPersulfides (RSSH/RSS−) can be formed in protein and non-protein thiols (RSH) through several different pathways, some of which are dependent on hydrogen sulfide (H2S/HS−). In addition to their roles in biosynthetic processes, persulfides are possible transducers of physiological effects of H2S through the modification of critical cysteines. Persulfides have a very rich biological chemistry that is currently under investigation. They are more nucleophilic and acidic than thiols and, unlike thiols, they can also be electrophilic. They are especially good one-electron reductants. Methods to detect their formation are under continuous development. In this minireview we describe the pathways of formation of persulfides, their biochemical properties and the techniques available for their detection, and we discuss the possible implications of their formation in biological systems.
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95
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Pieroni L, Iavarone F, Olianas A, Greco V, Desiderio C, Martelli C, Manconi B, Sanna MT, Messana I, Castagnola M, Cabras T. Enrichments of post-translational modifications in proteomic studies. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:313-336. [PMID: 31631532 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
More than 300 different protein post-translational modifications are currently known, but only a few have been extensively investigated because modified proteoforms are commonly present in sub-stoichiometry amount. For this reason, improvement of specific enrichment techniques is particularly useful for the proteomic characterization of post-translationally modified proteins. Enrichment proteomic strategies could help the researcher in the challenging issue to decipher the complex molecular cross-talk existing between the different factors influencing the cellular pathways. In this review the state of art of the platforms applied for the enrichment of specific and most common post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and glycation, phosphorylation, sulfation, redox modifications (i.e. sulfydration and nitrosylation), methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitinylation, are described. Enrichments strategies applied to characterize less studied post-translational modifications are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Pieroni
- Laboratorio di Proteomica e Metabolomica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Viviana Greco
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Desiderio
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Martelli
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Irene Messana
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Laboratorio di Proteomica e Metabolomica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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96
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Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-a potent gaseous signaling molecule-has emerged as a critical regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis. H2S is produced enzymatically by 3 constitutively active endogenous enzymes in all mammalian species. Within the past 2 decades, studies administering H2S-donating agents and the genetic manipulation of H2S-producing enzymes have revealed multiple beneficial effects of H2S, including vasodilation, activation of antiapoptotic and antioxidant pathways, and anti-inflammatory effects. More recently, the heightened enthusiasm in this field has shifted to the development of novel H2S-donating agents that exert favorable pharmacological profiles. This has led to the discovery of novel H2S-mediated signaling pathways. This review will discuss recently developed H2S therapeutics, introduce signaling pathways that are influenced by H2S-dependent sulfhydration, and explore the dual-protective effect of H2S in cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Polhemus
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Lefer
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
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97
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Libiad M, Vitvitsky V, Bostelaar T, Bak DW, Lee HJ, Sakamoto N, Fearon E, Lyssiotis CA, Weerapana E, Banerjee R. Hydrogen sulfide perturbs mitochondrial bioenergetics and triggers metabolic reprogramming in colon cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12077-12090. [PMID: 31213529 PMCID: PMC6690701 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike most other tissues, the colon epithelium is exposed to high levels of H2S derived from gut microbial metabolism. H2S is a signaling molecule that modulates various physiological effects. It is also a respiratory toxin that inhibits complex IV in the electron transfer chain (ETC). Colon epithelial cells are adapted to high environmental H2S exposure as they harbor an efficient mitochondrial H2S oxidation pathway, which is dedicated to its disposal. Herein, we report that the sulfide oxidation pathway enzymes are apically localized in human colonic crypts at the host-microbiome interface, but that the normal apical-to-crypt gradient is lost in colorectal cancer epithelium. We found that sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR), which catalyzes the committing step in the mitochondrial sulfide oxidation pathway and couples to complex III, is a critical respiratory shield against H2S poisoning. H2S at concentrations ≤20 μm stimulated the oxygen consumption rate in colon epithelial cells, but, when SQR expression was ablated, H2S concentrations as low as 5 μm poisoned cells. Mitochondrial H2S oxidation altered cellular bioenergetics, inducing a reductive shift in the NAD+/NADH redox couple. The consequent electron acceptor insufficiency caused uridine and aspartate deficiency and enhanced glutamine-dependent reductive carboxylation. The metabolomic signature of this H2S-induced stress response mapped, in part, to redox-sensitive nodes in central carbon metabolism. Colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines appeared to counter the growth-restricting effects of H2S by overexpressing sulfide oxidation pathway enzymes. Our findings reveal an alternative mechanism for H2S signaling, arising from alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics that drive metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Libiad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Victor Vitvitsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Trever Bostelaar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Daniel W Bak
- Chemistry Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Ho-Joon Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Eric Fearon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Chemistry Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
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98
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Hou N, Yan Z, Fan K, Li H, Zhao R, Xia Y, Xun L, Liu H. OxyR senses sulfane sulfur and activates the genes for its removal in Escherichia coli. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101293. [PMID: 31421411 PMCID: PMC6831875 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species including hydrogen polysulfide and organic persulfide are newly recognized normal cellular components, and they participate in signaling and protect cells from oxidative stress. Their production has been extensively studied, but their removal is less characterized. Herein, we showed that sulfane sulfur at high levels was toxic to Escherichia coli under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. OxyR, a well-known regulator against H2O2, also sensed sulfane sulfur, as revealed via mutational analysis, constructed gene circuits, and in vitro gene expression. Hydrogen polysulfide modified OxyR at Cys199 to form a persulfide OxyR C199-SSH, and the modified OxyR activated the expression of thioredoxin 2 and glutaredoxin 1. The two enzymes are known to reduce sulfane sulfur to hydrogen sulfide. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that OxyR homologs are widely present in bacteria, including obligate anaerobic bacteria. Thus, the OxyR sensing of sulfane sulfur may represent a preserved mechanism for bacteria to deal with sulfane sulfur stress. OxyR also senses sulfane sulfur stress and activates the genes for its removal. OxyR senses hydrogen polysulfide via persulfidation of OxyR at Cys199. OxyR responds to sulfane sulfur stress under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. OxyR is widely distributed in bacterial genomes, including anaerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningke Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China; School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA.
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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99
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Zaffagnini M, Fermani S, Marchand CH, Costa A, Sparla F, Rouhier N, Geigenberger P, Lemaire SD, Trost P. Redox Homeostasis in Photosynthetic Organisms: Novel and Established Thiol-Based Molecular Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:155-210. [PMID: 30499304 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox homeostasis consists of an intricate network of reactions in which reactive molecular species, redox modifications, and redox proteins act in concert to allow both physiological responses and adaptation to stress conditions. Recent Advances: This review highlights established and novel thiol-based regulatory pathways underlying the functional facets and significance of redox biology in photosynthetic organisms. In the last decades, the field of redox regulation has largely expanded and this work is aimed at giving the right credit to the importance of thiol-based regulatory and signaling mechanisms in plants. Critical Issues: This cannot be all-encompassing, but is intended to provide a comprehensive overview on the structural/molecular mechanisms governing the most relevant thiol switching modifications with emphasis on the large genetic and functional diversity of redox controllers (i.e., redoxins). We also summarize the different proteomic-based approaches aimed at investigating the dynamics of redox modifications and the recent evidence that extends the possibility to monitor the cellular redox state in vivo. The physiological relevance of redox transitions is discussed based on reverse genetic studies confirming the importance of redox homeostasis in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Future Directions: In conclusion, we can firmly assume that redox biology has acquired an established significance that virtually infiltrates all aspects of plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Zaffagnini
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Fermani
- 2 Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- 3 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, UMR8226, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alex Costa
- 4 Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sparla
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Peter Geigenberger
- 6 Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biozentrum, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- 3 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, UMR8226, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Trost
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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100
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Cuevasanta E, Reyes AM, Zeida A, Mastrogiovanni M, De Armas MI, Radi R, Alvarez B, Trujillo M. Kinetics of formation and reactivity of the persulfide in the one-cysteine peroxiredoxin from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13593-13605. [PMID: 31311857 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) participates in prokaryotic metabolism and is associated with several physiological functions in mammals. H2S reacts with oxidized thiol derivatives (i.e. disulfides and sulfenic acids) and thereby forms persulfides, which are plausible transducers of the H2S-mediated signaling effects. The one-cysteine peroxiredoxin alkyl hydroperoxide reductase E from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtAhpE-SH) reacts fast with hydroperoxides, forming a stable sulfenic acid (MtAhpE-SOH), which we chose here as a model to study the interactions between H2S and peroxiredoxins (Prx). MtAhpE-SOH reacted with H2S, forming a persulfide (MtAhpE-SSH) detectable by mass spectrometry. The rate constant for this reaction was (1.4 ± 0.2) × 103 m-1 s-1 (pH 7.4, 25 °C), six times higher than that reported for the reaction with the main low-molecular-weight thiol in M. tuberculosis, mycothiol. H2S was able to complete the catalytic cycle of MtAhpE and, according to kinetic considerations, it could represent an alternative substrate in M. tuberculosis. MtAhpE-SSH reacted 43 times faster than did MtAhpE-SH with the unspecific electrophile 4,4'-dithiodipyridine, a disulfide that exhibits no preferential reactivity with peroxidatic cysteines, but MtAhpE-SSH was less reactive toward specific Prx substrates such as hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite. According to molecular dynamics simulations, this loss of specific reactivity could be explained by alterations in the MtAhpE active site. MtAhpE-SSH could transfer its sulfane sulfur to a low-molecular-weight thiol, a process likely facilitated by the low pKa of the leaving thiol MtAhpE-SH, highlighting the possibility that Prx participates in transpersulfidation. The findings of our study contribute to the understanding of persulfide formation and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Cuevasanta
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay .,Unidad de Bioquímica Analítica, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Aníbal M Reyes
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay .,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ari Zeida
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mauricio Mastrogiovanni
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Inés De Armas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Madia Trujillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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