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Rodríguez-Sanjuán JC, Gómez-Ruiz M, Trugeda-Carrera S, Manuel-Palazuelos C, López-Useros A, Gómez-Fleitas M. Laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic digestive surgery: Present and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1975-2004. [PMID: 26877605 PMCID: PMC4726673 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i6.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery is applied today worldwide to most digestive procedures. In some of them, such as cholecystectomy, Nissen’s fundoplication or obesity surgery, laparoscopy has become the standard in practice. In others, such as colon or gastric resection, the laparoscopic approach is frequently used and its usefulness is unquestionable. More complex procedures, such as esophageal, liver or pancreatic resections are, however, more infrequently performed, due to the high grade of skill necessary. As a result, there is less clinical evidence to support its implementation. In the recent years, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery has been increasingly applied, again with little evidence for comparison with the conventional laparoscopic approach. This review will focus on the complex digestive procedures as well as those whose use in standard practice could be more controversial. Also novel robot-assisted procedures will be updated.
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12752
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Abstract
PURPOSE Radiofrequency identification (RFID) microchips are used to remotely identify objects, e.g. an animal in which a chip is implanted. A passive RFID microchip absorbs energy from an external source and emits a radiofrequency identification signal which is then decoded by a detector. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the radiofrequency energy emitted by a RFID microchip on human cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molt-4 leukemia, BT474 breast cancer, and HepG2 hepatic cancer cells were exposed in vitro to RFID microchip-emitted radiofrequency field for 1 h. Cells were counted before and after exposure. Effects of pretreatment with the spin-trap compound N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone or the iron-chelator deferoxamine were also investigated. Results We found that the energy effectively killed/retarded the growth of the three different types of cancer cells, and the effect was blocked by the spin-trap compound or the iron-chelator, whereas an inactive microchip and energy from the external source had no significant effect on the cells. Conclusions Data of the present study suggest that radiofrequency field from the microchip affects cancer cells via the Fenton Reaction. Implantation of RFID microchips in tumors may provide a new method for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C Lai
- a Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Ho Wing Chan
- a Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Narendra P Singh
- a Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
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Wang F, Chang JTH, Kao CJ, Huang RS. High Expression of miR-532-5p, a Tumor Suppressor, Leads to Better Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer Both In Vivo and In Vitro. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1123-31. [PMID: 26873729 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death for gynecologic cancers, ranking fifth overall for cancer-related death among women. The identification of biomarkers and the elucidation of molecular mechanisms for improving treatment options have received extensive efforts in ovarian cancer research. miRNAs have high potential to act as both ovarian cancer biomarkers and as critical regulators of ovarian tumor behavior. We comprehensively analyzed global mRNA, miRNA expression, and survival data for ovarian cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to pinpoint miRNAs that play critical roles in ovarian cancer survival through their effect on mRNA expression. We performed miRNA overexpression and gene knockdown experiments to confirm mechanisms predicted in our bioinformatics approach. We established that overexpression of miR-532-5p in OVCAR-3 cells resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability over a 96-hour time period. In the TCGA ovarian cancer dataset, we found 67 genes whose expression levels were negatively correlated with miR-532-5p expression and correlated with patient survival, such as WNT9A, CSNK2A2, CHD4, and SH3PXD2A The potential miR-532-5p-regulated gene targets were found to be enriched in the Wnt pathway. Overexpression of miR-532-5p through miRNA mimic caused downregulation of CSNK2A2, CHD4, and SH3PXD2A in the OVCAR-3 cell line. We have discovered and validated the tumor-suppressing capabilities of miR-532-5p both in vivo through TCGA analysis and in vitro through ovarian cancer cell lines. Our work highlights the potential clinical importance of miR-532-5p expression in ovarian cancer patients. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 1123-31. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeremy T-H Chang
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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12754
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Mehta SS, Gelli M, Agarwal D, Goéré D. Complications of Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC in the Treatment of Peritoneal Metastases. Indian J Surg Oncol 2016; 7:225-9. [PMID: 27065713 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined treatment concept of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has shown to be an efficient therapeutic option for selected patients with primary and secondary peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). This strategy represents the standard of care for diseases like pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma, and offers the best long-term results for PC from colorectal cancer. Despite these results, skepticism exists regarding this therapeutic approach partly because of its perceived high toxicity. In this article, we review the current evidence on complications that can occur after CRS and HIPEC and the risk factors associated with increased incidence of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket S Mehta
- Division of Peritoneal Surface Oncology, Saifee Hospital, MK marg, Charni road, Mumbai, Girgaum 400004 India
| | - Maxilliano Gelli
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Cancer Campus, 114, Av Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, Cedex France
| | - Deepesh Agarwal
- Division of Peritoneal Surface Oncology, Saifee Hospital, MK marg, Charni road, Mumbai, Girgaum 400004 India
| | - Diane Goéré
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Cancer Campus, 114, Av Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, Cedex France
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12755
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Luthra AK, Evans JA. Review of current and evolving clinical indications for endoscopic ultrasound. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 8:157-164. [PMID: 26862365 PMCID: PMC4734974 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v8.i3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first several years after its development, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was primarily limited to identification of pancreatic malignancies. Since this time, the field of EUS has advanced at a tremendous speed in terms of additional clinical diagnostic and therapeutic uses. The combination of ultrasound with endoscopy provides a unique interventional modality that is a minimally invasive alternative to various surgical interventions. Given the expanding recommended indications for EUS, this article will serve to review the most common uses with supporting evidence, while also exploring innovative endeavors that may soon become common clinical practice.
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Chen W, Liang J, Huang L, Cai J, Lei Y, Lai J, Liang L, Zhang K. Characterizing the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in hilar cholangiocarcinoma using a tissue microarray approach. Eur J Histochem 2016; 60:2536. [PMID: 26972709 PMCID: PMC4800245 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2016.2536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is an invasive hepatic malignancy that is difficult to biopsy; therefore, novel markers of HCCA prognosis are needed. Here, the level of canonical Wnt activation in patients with HCCA, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), and congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) was compared to understand the role of Wnt signaling in HCCA. Pathology specimens from HCCA (n=129), IHCC (n=31), and CCC (n=45) patients were used to construct tissue microarrays. Wnt2, Wnt3, β-catenin, TCF4, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Parallel correlation analysis was used to analyze differences in protein levels between the HCCA, IHCC, and CCC groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine independent predictors of successful resection and prognosis in the HCCA group. The protein levels of Wnt2, β-catenin, TCF4, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 were significantly higher in HCCA compared to IHHC or CCC. Wnt signaling activation (Wnt2+, Wnt3+, nuclear β-catenin+, nuclear TCF4+) was significantly greater in HCCA tissues than CCC tissues. Univariable analyses indicated that expression of cyclin D1 as well as Wnt signaling activation, and partial Wnt activation (Wnt2+ or Wnt3+ and nuclear β-catenin+ or nuclear TCF4+) predicted successful resection, but only cyclin D1 expression remained significant in multivariable analyses. Only partial Wnt activation was an independent predictor of survival time. Proteins in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway were present at higher levels in HCCA and correlated with tumor resecility and patient prognosis. These results suggest that Wnt pathway analysis may be a useful marker for clinical outcome in HCCA.
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12757
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Takahashi R, Yokobori T, Osone K, Tatsuki H, Takada T, Suto T, Yajima R, Kato T, Fujii T, Tsutsumi S, Kuwano H, Asao T. Establishment of a novel method to evaluate peritoneal microdissemination and therapeutic effect using luciferase assay. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:341-6. [PMID: 26716425 PMCID: PMC4814254 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination is a major cause of recurrence in patients with malignant tumors in the peritoneal cavity. Effective anticancer agents and treatment protocols are necessary to improve outcomes in these patients. However, previous studies using mouse models of peritoneal dissemination have not detected any drug effect against peritoneal micrometastasis. Here we used the luciferase assay to evaluate peritoneal micrometastasis in living animals and established an accurate mouse model of early peritoneal microdissemination to evaluate tumorigenesis and drug efficacy. There was a positive correlation between luminescence intensity in in vivo luciferase assay and the extent of tumor dissemination evaluated by ex vivo luciferase assay and mesenteric weight. This model has advantages over previous models because optimal luciferin concentration without cell damage was validated and peritoneal microdissemination could be quantitatively evaluated. Therefore, it is a useful model to validate peritoneal micrometastasis formation and to evaluate drug efficacy without killing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takahashi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Katsuya Osone
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hironori Tatsuki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takada
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshinaga Suto
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Reina Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kato
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Souichi Tsutsumi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asao
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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Basu S, Zeng M, Yin T, Gao S, Hu M. Development and validation of an UPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide in plasma, urine, feces, liver and kidney: Application to a pharmacokinetic study of irinotecan in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1015-1016:34-41. [PMID: 26894853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to develop and validate a sensitive and reproducible UPLC-MS/MS method to quantify irinotecan, its active metabolite SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide (phase II metabolite of SN-38) simultaneously in different bio-matrices (plasma, urine, feces), tissues (liver and kidney) and to use the method to investigate its pharmacokinetic behavior in rats. Irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide has been resolved and separated by C18 column using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water used as the mobile phases. Triple quadruple mass spectrometer using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with positive scan mode were employed to perform mass analysis. The results showed that the linear response range of irinotecan and SN-38 in plasma, feces, liver and kidney is 4.88-10000 nM, 39-5000 nM, 48.8-6250 nM and 48.8-6250 nM, respectively (R(2)>0.99). In case of SN-38 glucuronide, the standard curves were linear in the concentration range of 6.25-2000 nM, 4.88-1250 nM, 9.8-1250 nM and 9.8-1250 nM in plasma, feces, liver and kidney homogenates, respectively. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) of irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide was determined to be less than 25 nM in all bio-matrices as well as tissue homogenates. Recoveries of irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide at three different concentrations (low, medium and high) were not less than 85% at three different concentrations in plasma and feces. The percentage matrix factors in different bio-matrices and tissues were within 20%. The UPLC-MS/MS method was validated with intra-day and inter-day precision of less than 15% in plasma, feces, liver and kidney. Owing to the high sensitivity of this method, only 20 μl of plasma, urine and homogenates of liver, kidney and feces is needed. The validated method has been successfully employed for pharmacokinetic evaluation of irinotecan in male wistar rats to quantify irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide in plasma, feces, and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Basu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 6550 Sanger Road, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiomacrovascular surgery, Shiyan Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Taijun Yin
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J G T Vehreschild
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Köln/Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne Bonn-Cologne Partner Site, German Center for Infection Research
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Köln/Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne Bonn-Cologne Partner Site, German Center for Infection Research Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases Clinical Trials Center Cologne, ZKS Köln, University of Cologne, Germany
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12760
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Franco P, Fiorentino A, Dionisi F, Fiore M, Chiesa S, Vagge S, Cellini F, Caravatta L, Tombolini M, De Rose F, Meattini I, Mortellaro G, Apicella G, Marino L, Greto D. Combined Modality Therapy for Thoracic and head and Neck Cancers: A Review of Updated Literature Based on a Consensus Meeting. Tumori 2016; 102:459-71. [DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Combined modality therapy is a mainstay option for thoracic malignancies and head and neck cancers. The integration of different strategies is based on the multidisciplinary approach of modern clinical oncology. Radiation oncologists have to be educated, trained, and updated to provide state-of-the-art care to cancer patients and thus educational meetings are crucial. Methods The Italian Association of Radiation Oncology Young Members Working Group (AIRO Giovani) organized its 8th national meeting, focused on combination therapy in lung, esophageal, and head and neck cancer (with a specific focus on larynx-preservation strategies for larynx/hypopharynx tumors), involving young professionals working in Italy. The meeting was addressed to young radiation oncologists, presenting state-of-the-art knowledge, based on the latest evidence in this field. We performed a review of the current literature based on the highlights of the Congress. Results The multimodality approach of head and neck and thoracic malignancies includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but also has to take into account new information and data coming from basic and translational research and including molecular biology, genetics, and immunology. All these aspects are crucial for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer and esophageal, esophagogastric junction, and larynx/hypopharynx malignancies. The integration of different treatments in the clinical decision-making process to combine therapies is crucial. Conclusions Combination therapy has proved to be a consolidated approach in these specific oncologic settings, highlighting the importance of multimodality management in modern clinical oncology. Dedicated meetings on specific topics are helpful to improve knowledge and skills of young professionals in radiation oncology.
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12761
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Valle SJ, Alzahrani NA, Liauw W, Sugarbaker PH, Bhatt A, Morris DL. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Methodology, Drugs and Bidirectional Chemotherapy. Indian J Surg Oncol 2016; 7:152-9. [PMID: 27065705 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined have been recognized as standard of care for treatment of a subset of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The aim of CRS is to eliminate all macroscopic disease through a series of visceral resections followed by targeting any residual microscopic disease with intraperitoneal chemotherapy, exposing the peritoneal surfaces to a high concentration of chemotherapy with a lower systemic toxicity. Different regimes of intraperitoneal chemotherapy include HIPEC, early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) and bidirectional chemotherapy. The efficacy and modality of treatment with intraperitoneal chemotherapy is dependent on multiple factors including the chosen cytotoxic agent and its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. There is no standardized methodology for intraperitoneal chemotherapy administration. This review will discuss the pharmacological principles of the various intraperitoneal chemotherapy techniques.
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Abstract
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has become widely accepted as an effective method of treating peritoneal metastases (PM) from various cancers. CRS performed with the goal of removing all the macroscopic disease and comprises of peritonectomy procedures and visceral resections. CRS is a technically challenging surgery that requires a considerable amount of skill and appropriate patient selection. This article is a review of the techniques and current recommendations for performing CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket S Mehta
- Division of Peritoneal Surface Oncology, Saifee Hospital, MK marg, Charni road, Girgaon, Mumbai, 400004 India
| | - Aditi Bhatt
- Fortis Hospitals Limited, 154/9, Bannerghatta Road, Opp. IIM-B, Bangalore, 560076 India
| | - Olivier Glehen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France ; Université Lyon 1, EMR 3738, 69600 Oullins, France
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12763
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Seshadri RA, Glehen O. The Role of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer. Indian J Surg Oncol 2016; 7:198-207. [PMID: 27065710 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis, either synchronous or metachronous, is commonly seen in gastric cancer. It is associated with a poor prognosis, with a median survival of less than one year. The outcomes are not significantly improved by the use of systemic chemotherapy. We review the relevant literature on the role of HIPEC in gastric cancer. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been used in three situations in gastric cancer. Besides its role as a definitive treatment in patients with established peritoneal metastasis (PM), it has been used as a prophylaxis against peritoneal recurrence after curative surgery and also as a palliative treatment in advanced peritoneal metastasis with intractable ascites. While prophylactic HIPEC has been shown to reduce peritoneal recurrence and improve survival in many randomised trials, palliative HIPEC can reduce the need for frequent paracentesis. Although CRS with HIPEC has shown promise in increasing the survival of selected patients with established PM from gastric cancer, larger studies are needed before this can be accepted as a standard of care.
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12764
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Bhatt A, Mittal S, Gopinath KS. Safety considerations for Health care Workers involved in Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative chemotherapy. Indian J Surg Oncol 2016; 7:249-57. [PMID: 27065717 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined modality treatment of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has gained worldwide acceptance for management of selected patients with peritoneal metastases from various cancers. Cytoreductive surgery is performed with the goal of removing all macroscopic disease and is coupled with perioperative chemotherapy (POC) in the form of HIPEC with or without EPIC (early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy) to deal with the microscopic residual disease. These treatments entail the use of cytotoxic drugs in the operation theatre or in the intensive care unit where they are not commonly used and put the healthcare workers participating in the treatment at risk of exposure. CRS is performed with high voltage electrocautery generating a large amount of surgical smoke which is inhaled by the involved personnel and has potential health hazards. This article outlines the safety measures to be taken while performing CRS and POC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Bhatt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fortis Hospital, 154/9 Bannerghatta road, Opposite IIM-Bangalore, Bangalore, -560076 India
| | - Sourabh Mittal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fortis Hospital, 154/9 Bannerghatta road, Opposite IIM-Bangalore, Bangalore, -560076 India
| | - K S Gopinath
- Department of Surgical Oncology, HCG Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India
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Wang C, Guan S, Liu F, Chen X, Han L, Wang D, Nesa EU, Wang X, Bao C, Wang N, Cheng Y. Prognostic and diagnostic potential of miR-146a in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:290-7. [PMID: 26794279 PMCID: PMC4742585 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that dysregulated microRNA-146a (miR-146a) is involved in tumour genesis and cancer progression. We aimed to evaluate its expression level and the potential for the diagnosis and prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). METHODS We examined miR-146a expression in 62 pairs of ESCC cancerous and matched paracancerous tissue, 115 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples and serum samples from 154 ESCC patients and 154 healthy volunteers using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were applied to analyse its prognostic and diagnostic value. RESULTS MicroRNA-146a expression level was significantly decreased in ESCC tissue compared with paracancerous tissue (P<0.001). Its regulation level was negatively associated with T factor and TNM stage. Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that its downregulation level predicted worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified miR-146a expression as independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS. Serum miR-146a was significantly reduced in ESCC patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001). Area under the curve ROC value, sensitivity and specificity for this marker were 0.863 ± 0.033, 85.7% and 68.6% in the Discovery Group, and 0.891 ± 0.027, 82.1% and 83.3% in the Validation Group. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-146a is significantly reduced in cancerous tissue and serum samples of ESCC patients. It is an ideal biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shanghui Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Imaging, Shandong Medical College, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Effat Un Nesa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Cihang Bao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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12766
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Gingras MC, Covington KR, Chang DK, Donehower LA, Gill AJ, Ittmann MM, Creighton CJ, Johns AL, Shinbrot E, Dewal N, Fisher WE, Pilarsky C, Grützmann R, Overman MJ, Jamieson NB, Van Buren G, Drummond J, Walker K, Hampton OA, Xi L, Muzny DM, Doddapaneni H, Lee SL, Bellair M, Hu J, Han Y, Dinh HH, Dahdouli M, Samra JS, Bailey P, Waddell N, Pearson JV, Harliwong I, Wang H, Aust D, Oien KA, Hruban RH, Hodges SE, McElhany A, Saengboonmee C, Duthie FR, Grimmond SM, Biankin AV, Wheeler DA, Gibbs RA. Ampullary Cancers Harbor ELF3 Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutations and Exhibit Frequent WNT Dysregulation. Cell Rep 2016; 14:907-919. [PMID: 26804919 PMCID: PMC4982376 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ampulla of Vater is a complex cellular environment from which adenocarcinomas arise to form a group of histopathologically heterogenous tumors. To evaluate the molecular features of these tumors, 98 ampullary adenocarcinomas were evaluated and compared to 44 distal bile duct and 18 duodenal adenocarcinomas. Genomic analyses revealed mutations in the WNT signaling pathway among half of the patients and in all three adenocarcinomas irrespective of their origin and histological morphology. These tumors were characterized by a high frequency of inactivating mutations of ELF3, a high rate of microsatellite instability, and common focal deletions and amplifications, suggesting common attributes in the molecular pathogenesis are at play in these tumors. The high frequency of WNT pathway activating mutation, coupled with small-molecule inhibitors of β-catenin in clinical trials, suggests future treatment decisions for these patients may be guided by genomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Gingras
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Kyle R Covington
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David K Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research Program Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Lawrence A Donehower
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anthony J Gill
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research Program Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael M Ittmann
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amber L Johns
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research Program Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Eve Shinbrot
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ninad Dewal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William E Fisher
- Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Elkins Pancreas Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael J Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; Academic Unit of Surgery, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Level 2, New Lister Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - George Van Buren
- Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Elkins Pancreas Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer Drummond
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimberly Walker
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Oliver A Hampton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liu Xi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Harsha Doddapaneni
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sandra L Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michelle Bellair
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huyen H Dinh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mike Dahdouli
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaswinder S Samra
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - John V Pearson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Ivon Harliwong
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniela Aust
- Department of Pathology, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karin A Oien
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Department of Pathology, Southern General Hospital, Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Sally E Hodges
- Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Elkins Pancreas Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amy McElhany
- Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Elkins Pancreas Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Fraser R Duthie
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Department of Pathology, Southern General Hospital, Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research Program Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - David A Wheeler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12767
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Iachetta F, Domati F, Reggiani-Bonetti L, Barresi V, Magnani G, Marcheselli L, Cirilli C, Pedroni M. Prognostic relevance of microsatellite instability in pT3N0M0 colon cancer: a population-based study. Intern Emerg Med 2016. [PMID: 26224509 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-015-1285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although surgery alone represents a curative approach for patients with pT3N0M0 colon cancer, about 15-20% of these patients develop a relapse of disease. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of the most important molecular markers in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic relevance of MSI in all pT3N0M0 tumors recorded in the Cancer Registry of the Province of Modena--(Northern Italy) within the 2002-2006 period in patients who showed a relapse of disease during the 5-year period of follow-up (59 cases). They were compared to 59 controls similar in clinical and pathological features but with good prognosis. None of the subjects received adjuvant chemotherapy. MSI status was tested using BAT25, BAT26, NR24, and CAT25 fluorescent-labeled mononucleotide markers. The overall prevalence of MSI was 12.7% (15 of 118 cases). MSI was detected mainly in mucinous adenocarcinoma (p < 0.003), in high-grade tumors (p < 0.008), in right-sided neoplasms (p < 0.005), and in patients with a better prognosis, though the difference was not statistically significant (11/59 patients -18.6% vs 4/59 patients -6.7%; OR 0.36 CI 95% 0.11-1.15; p = 0.08). However, in multivariate analysis, MSI status becomes the strongest independent factor associated with relapse (OR 0.21, CI 95% 0.06-0.81; p = 0.023), together with mucinous histological type (OR 0.40, CI 90% 0.18-0.92). MSI is a relevant prognostic factor in stage pT3N0M0 colon cancer suitable to discriminate those patients with a high risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Iachetta
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Domati
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medicina I, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.
| | - Luca Reggiani-Bonetti
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Magnani
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luigi Marcheselli
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Monica Pedroni
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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12768
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Rückert F, Distler M, Ollmann D, Lietzmann A, Birgin E, Teoule P, Grützmann R, Wilhelm TJ. Retrospective analysis of survival after resection of pancreatic renal cell carcinoma metastases. Int J Surg 2016; 26:64-8. [PMID: 26739596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous reports showed an excellent survival for patients after resection of pancreatic metastases from renal cell cancer (pRCC) and reported several predictive factors. This study aims to give more evidence to reported risk factors by analyzing a large cohort of patients with pancreatic resection due to pRCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed all pancreatic resections due to pRCC between January 1993 and October 2014 in two German pancreatic surgery centers. Predictive factors were analyzed using the chi square test. RESULTS Surgery was performed in 40 patients. Mean survival after resection was 147.9 months (SD 25.6 months). No predictive factors for survival were identified. Pathological examination showed that five out of 21 patients with examined peripancreatic lymph nodes had lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS Although our analysis comprised the biggest cohort of patients with pRCC it rendered no significant predictor for survival. This might be due to the overall excellent prognosis of study patients and the relatively rare condition with a limited number of patients. Several patients had lymph node metastases. Therefore lymphadenectomy should be considered in pRCC resection if the health condition of the patient permits this. By this more aggressive approach to pRCC, a better prognosis after resection might be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Rückert
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - David Ollmann
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anja Lietzmann
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Emrullah Birgin
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Teoule
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Torsten J Wilhelm
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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12769
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Watson GA, Kelly D, Melland-smith M, Gleeson J, Mcentee G, Kelly CM, Mccaffrey JA. Get the GIST? An overview of gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Ir J Med Sci 2016; 185:319-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-016-1410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12770
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Fleres F, Saladino E, Catanoso R, Arcoraci V, Mandolfino T, Cucinotta E, Macrì A. Evaluation of cisplatin plasma levels in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Acta Chir Belg 2016; 116:19-22. [PMID: 27385136 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2015.1128204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Peritoneal surface malignancies have long been regarded as incurable, however, they can be treated with cytoreductive surgery in addition to hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. This approach is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality, unless hyperhydration is provided in a timely manner. Methods Cisplatin (CDDP) is the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent. Plasma levels of cisplatin (CDDP), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, were measured before, during, and after the procedure. This was done in order to identify the window of highest risk as a function of drug concentrations, assuming a dose-dependent effect. Results Plasma levels of CDDP peak during perfusion. The concentration remains high until the 4th post-operative day and returns to pre-operative levels by the 7th post-operative day. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ensuring hyperhydration as well as infusing albumin and fresh frozen plasma may be of particular value for at least the first 4 days after the procedure.
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12771
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Volpe P, Domene CE, Santo MA, Cecconello I. Two port video-assisted gastrostomy and jejunostomy: technical simplification and clinical results. Arq Bras Cir Dig 2016; 28:57-60. [PMID: 25861072 PMCID: PMC4739252 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-67202015000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients presenting upper gastrointestinal obstruction, difficulty or inability in
swallowing, may need nutritional support which can be obtained through gastrostomy
and jejunostomy. Aim To describe the methods of gastrostomy and jejunostomy video-assisted, and to
compare surgical approaches for video-assisted laparoscopy and laparotomy in
patients with advanced cancer of the esophagus and stomach, to establish enteral
nutritional access. Methods Were used the video-assisted laparoscopic techniques for jejunostomy and
gastrostomy and the same procedures performed by laparotomies. Comparatively, were
analyzed the distribution of patients according to demographics, diagnosis and
type of procedure. Results There were 36 jejunostomies (18 by laparotomy and 17 laparoscopy) and 42
gastrostomies (21 on each side). In jejunostomy, relevant data were operating time
of 132 min vs. 106 min (p=0.021); reintroduction of diet: 3.3 days vs 2.1 days
(p=0.009); discharge: 5.8 days vs 4.3 days (p= 0.044). In gastrostomy, relevant
data were operative time of 122.6 min vs 86.2 min (p= 0.012 and hospital
discharge: 5.1 days vs 3.7 days (p=0.016). Conclusions The comparative analysis of laparotomy and video-assisted access to jejunostomies
and gastrostomies concluded that video-assisted approach is feasible method, safe,
fast, simple and easy, requires shorter operative time compared to laparotomy,
enables diet start soon in compared to laparotomy, and also enables lower length
of stay compared to laparotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Volpe
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Domene
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Santo
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivan Cecconello
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12772
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Katabathina VS, Flaherty EM, Dasyam AK, Menias CO, Riddle ND, Lath N, Kozaka K, Matsui O, Nakanuma Y, Prasad SR. "Biliary Diseases with Pancreatic Counterparts": Cross-sectional Imaging Findings. Radiographics 2016; 36:374-92. [PMID: 26824512 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2016150071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the similarities in the histopathologic findings and the clinical-biologic behaviors of select biliary and pancreatic conditions, a new disease concept, "biliary diseases with pancreatic counterparts," has been proposed. Both nonneoplastic and neoplastic pathologic conditions of the biliary tract have their counterparts in the pancreas. Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing cholangitis is the biliary manifestation of IgG4-related sclerosing disease, and type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis is its pancreatic counterpart. People with chronic alcoholism can develop peribiliary cysts and fibrosis as well as pancreatic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis simultaneously. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, and mucinous cystic neoplasm are considered pancreatic counterparts for the biliary neoplasms of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the biliary tract, and hepatic mucinous cystic neoplasm, respectively. The anatomic proximity of the biliary tract and the pancreas, the nearly simultaneous development of both organs from the endoderm of the foregut, and the presence of pancreatic exocrine acini within the peribiliary glands surrounding the extrahepatic bile ducts are suggested as causative factors for these similarities. Interestingly, these diseases show "nearly" identical findings at cross-sectional imaging, an observation that further supports this new disease concept. New information obtained with regard to biliary diseases can be used for evaluation of pancreatic abnormalities, and vice versa. In addition, combined genetic and molecular studies may be performed to develop novel therapeutic targets. For both biliary and pancreatic diseases, imaging plays a pivotal role in initial diagnosis, evaluation of treatment response, efficacy testing of novel drugs, and long-term surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Katabathina
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Erin M Flaherty
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Anil K Dasyam
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Christine O Menias
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Nicole D Riddle
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Narayan Lath
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Kazuto Kozaka
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Osamu Matsui
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Yasuni Nakanuma
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
| | - Srinivasa R Prasad
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.S.K., E.M.F.) and Pathology (N.D.R.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (A.K.D.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic at Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (N.L.); Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan (K.K., O.M.); Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (S.R.P.)
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12773
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Yodying H, Matsuda A, Miyashita M, Matsumoto S, Sakurazawa N, Yamada M, Uchida E. Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Oncologic Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:646-654. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
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12774
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Balaj C, Ayav A, Oliver A, Jausset F, Sellal C, Claudon M, Laurent V. CT imaging of early local recurrence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016; 41:273-82. [PMID: 26867909 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-015-0564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this retrospective study were to describe the characteristics and topography of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its early local recurrence after pancreaticoduodenectomy and identify predictive factors of local early recurrence by imaging computed tomography (CT). METHODS The institutional review board approved the study and did require additional informed consent for reviewing the patients' medical records and images. Patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma, a preoperative CT scan, and adequate postoperative CT were included. After postoperative imaging, correlations among clinical and histological characteristics and preoperative imaging were evaluated. RESULTS Among the 123 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, 48 patients had sufficient follow-up imaging and were included in this study. A total of 33 patients experienced local early recurrence (Group 1), and 15 exhibited no local recurrence (Group 2). Local recurrence consisted of two types of anomalies: tissue nodules on surgical clips (94%) and peri-arterial encasement (82%). On preoperative imaging, the tumor diameter (p = 0.02) and the presence of a venous borderline resectable tumor (p < 0.0001) were predictive of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Tissue nodules on surgical clips and arterial encasement characterize early local recurrence, and nodules and encasement should not be considered common post-operative infiltration. The role of the radiologist is essential to assess the predictive factors of recurrence and to identify early local recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Balaj
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
| | - Ahmet Ayav
- Department of HBP Surgery, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Alexandre Oliver
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - François Jausset
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Caroline Sellal
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Michel Claudon
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Valérie Laurent
- Department of Radiology Adults, Brabois Hospital, University of Nancy, Rue du Morvan, 54 511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
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12775
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Abstract
Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare disease manifesting as chronic soft tissue fibrosis in the retroperitoneum, with potential anatomic and/or functional compromise of adjacent organs. It can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other conditions such as cancers, autoimmune disorders, or drugs. We report herein a 66-year-old patient with symptomatic retroperitoneal fibrosis leading to bilateral hydronephrosis and renal failure, in whom, after a complex diagnostic work-up and protracted clinical course, a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the retroperitoneal space and several vertebral bodies was identified. The patient was treated with radiation therapy and weekly rituximab infusions, with resolution of hydronephrosis and lower back pain. We include a thorough literature review on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of retroperitoneal fibrosis. A meticulous search for malignancy is necessary in this rare condition that, if positive, may have significant therapeutic and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank A Bauer
- Department of Pathology, St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Anthony F Posteraro
- Department of Radiology, St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Constantin A Dasanu
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, USA
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12776
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Marusiak AA, Stephenson NL, Baik H, Trotter EW, Li Y, Blyth K, Mason S, Chapman P, Puto LA, Read JA, Brassington C, Pollard HK, Phillips C, Green I, Overman R, Collier M, Testoni E, Miller CJ, Hunter T, Sansom OJ, Brognard J. Recurrent MLK4 Loss-of-Function Mutations Suppress JNK Signaling to Promote Colon Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2016; 76:724-35. [PMID: 26637668 PMCID: PMC4740929 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0701-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MLK4 is a member of the mixed-lineage family of kinases that regulate the JNK, p38, and ERK kinase signaling pathways. MLK4 mutations have been identified in various human cancers, including frequently in colorectal cancer, where their function and pathobiological importance have been uncertain. In this study, we assessed the functional consequences of MLK4 mutations in colon tumorigenesis. Biochemical data indicated that a majority of MLK4 mutations are loss-of-function (LOF) mutations that can exert dominant-negative effects. In seeking to understand the abrogated activity of these mutants, we elucidated a new MLK4 catalytic domain structure. To determine whether MLK4 is required to maintain tumorigenic phenotypes, we reconstituted its signaling axis in colon cancer cells harboring MLK4-inactivating mutations. We found that restoring MLK4 activity reduced cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation in vitro and delayed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations established that restoring the function of MLK4 selectively induced the JNK pathway and its downstream targets, cJUN, ATF3, and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN2B. Our work indicates that MLK4 is a novel tumor-suppressing kinase harboring frequent LOF mutations that lead to diminished signaling in the JNK pathway and enhanced proliferation in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Marusiak
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie L Stephenson
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hayeon Baik
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor W Trotter
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yaoyong Li
- Computational Biology Support, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Blyth
- Colorectal Cancer and Wnt Signalling Group, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Mason
- Colorectal Cancer and Wnt Signalling Group, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Chapman
- Computational Biology Support, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lorena A Puto
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Jon A Read
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Chris Phillips
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Green
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Overman
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ewelina Testoni
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Crispin J Miller
- Computational Biology Support, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. RNA Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Hunter
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Colorectal Cancer and Wnt Signalling Group, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John Brognard
- Signalling Networks in Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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12777
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Teschendorff AE, Gao Y, Jones A, Ruebner M, Beckmann MW, Wachter DL, Fasching PA, Widschwendter M. DNA methylation outliers in normal breast tissue identify field defects that are enriched in cancer. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10478. [PMID: 26823093 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying molecular alterations in normal tissue adjacent to cancer is important for understanding cancer aetiology and designing preventive measures. Here we analyse the DNA methylome of 569 breast tissue samples, including 50 from cancer-free women and 84 from matched normal cancer pairs. We use statistical algorithms for dissecting intra- and inter-sample cellular heterogeneity and demonstrate that normal tissue adjacent to breast cancer is characterized by tens to thousands of epigenetic alterations. We show that their genomic distribution is non-random, being strongly enriched for binding sites of transcription factors specifying chromatin architecture. We validate the field defects in an independent cohort and demonstrate that over 30% of the alterations exhibit increased enrichment within matched cancer samples. Breast cancers highly enriched for epigenetic field defects, exhibit adverse clinical outcome. Our data support a model where clonal epigenetic reprogramming towards reduced differentiation in normal tissue is an important step in breast carcinogenesis. Altered epigenetics is a feature of cancer but whether these changes occur early in tumour development is unclear. Here, the authors analyse methylation events in breast cancer and adjacent normal pairs, and show that methylation changes in the normal tissue are also found in the tumour, suggesting that some of these events occur early in cancer.
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12778
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Kang R, Li P, Wang T, Li X, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Zhong L, Cao L, Heckman MG, Zhang YW, Xu H, Huang C, Bu G, Chen XF. Apolipoprotein E epsilon 2 allele and low serum cholesterol as risk factors for gastric cancer in a Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19930. [PMID: 26817942 DOI: 10.1038/srep19930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) mediates lipid metabolism both in peripheral and in the brain. The human APOE gene has three polymorphic alleles that influence the risk for various types of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. A potential association between APOE allele and the risk for gastric cancer has been implicated, but the specific allele involved and potential associations with the subtype and the grade of cancer malignancy need further clarification. We screened the APOE genotype in 550 gastric cancer patients and 550 non-cancer control individuals and found that the presence of the APOE ε2 and lower serum total cholesterol are associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer (all P ≤ 0.0005). Interestingly, APOE ε2 is also correlated with increased risk for both intestinal and diffuse histotypes but not with TN classification or stage in gastric cancer patients, suggesting that APOE polymorphic alleles are associated with the risk of development but unlikely the progression of gastric cancer. Since ε2 carriers have lower levels of serum total cholesterol than non-ε2 carriers, our findings suggest that the increased risk for gastric cancer by APOE ε2 allele might be mediated through lowered serum total cholesterol levels.
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12779
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Goldvaser H, Purim O, Kundel Y, Shepshelovich D, Shochat T, Shemesh-Bar L, Sulkes A, Brenner B. Colorectal cancer in young patients: is it a distinct clinical entity? Int J Clin Oncol 2016; 21:684-695. [PMID: 26820719 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients is increasing. It remains unclear if the disease has unique features in this age group. METHODS This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study which included patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age ≤40 years in 1997-2013 matched 1:2 by year of diagnosis with consecutive colorectal cancer patients diagnosed at age >50 years during the same period. Patients aged 41-50 years were not included in the study, to accentuate potential age-related differences. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome were compared between groups. RESULTS The cohort included 330 patients, followed for a median time of 65.9 months (range 4.7-211). Several significant differences were noted. The younger group had a different ethnic composition. They had higher rates of family history of colorectal cancer (p = 0.003), hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes (p < 0.0001), and inflammatory bowel disease (p = 0.007), and a lower rate of polyps (p < 0.0001). They were more likely to present with stage III or IV disease (p = 0.001), angiolymphatic invasion, signet cell ring adenocarcinoma, and rectal tumors (p = 0.02). Younger patients more frequently received treatment. Young patients had a worse estimated 5-year disease-free survival rate (57.6 vs. 70 %, p = 0.039), but this did not retain significance when analyzed by stage (p = 0.092). Estimated 5-year overall survival rates were 59.1 and 62.1 % in the younger and the control group, respectively (p = 0.565). CONCLUSIONS Colorectal cancer among young patients may constitute a distinct clinical entity. Further research is needed to validate our findings and define the optimal approach in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Goldvaser
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Oncology, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel
| | - Ofer Purim
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Oncology, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Kundel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Oncology, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Shepshelovich
- Department of Medicine A, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tzippy Shochat
- Statistical Consulting Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Aaron Sulkes
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Oncology, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Baruch Brenner
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Oncology, Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, 49100, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O Box 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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12780
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Chen Y, Li H, Jiang X, Chen D, Ni J, Sun H, Luo J, Yao H, Xu L. Regional thermochemotherapy versus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for palliative treatment of advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a retrospective controlled study. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:3500-9. [PMID: 26822373 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To retrospectively assess the efficacy of regional thermochemotherapy (TCT) compared with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC)-alone for palliative treatment of advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) and to determine the prognostic factors associated with survival. METHODS Forty-three consecutive patients with advanced HC underwent regional TCT (TCT group) and HAIC (HAIC group). We analyzed baseline characteristics, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), stent patency time (SPT), adverse events (AEs), and prognostic factors for OS between the two groups. RESULTS OS of patients treated with regional TCT was significantly longer compared to that of patients treated with HAIC (median OS: 20.3 vs. 13.2 months, P = 0.004), and SPT and PFS were significantly increased in the TCT group compared with the HAIC group (median SPT: 26.5 vs. 10.5 months, P < 0.001; median PFS: 16.5 vs. 10.2 months, P = 0.001). TCT and metal stent insertion were two independent prognostic factors associated with survival. The treatment-related AEs were tolerable and similar in the two groups, except for hilar pain (34.6 %) and skin rashes (24.6 %) in the TCT group. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that regional TCT is safe and more effective than HAIC-alone and may be a promising option for palliative treatment of advanced HC. Metal stenting before TCT appears to improve patients' OS. KEY POINTS • Regional TCT is a novel combination for palliative treatment of advanced HC • Our data showed significantly promising outcomes in the TCT group • HC patients with metal stenting appeared to derive greater benefit from TCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoting Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Li
- Health Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongying Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Ni
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghong Luo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Herui Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linfeng Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang Road West, Yuexiu Region, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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12781
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Coelho FF, Kruger JAP, Fonseca GM, Araújo RLC, Jeismann VB, Perini MV, Lupinacci RM, Cecconello I, Herman P. Laparoscopic liver resection: Experience based guidelines. World J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 8:5-26. [PMID: 26843910 PMCID: PMC4724587 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v8.i1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has been progressively developed along the past two decades. Despite initial skepticism, improved operative results made laparoscopic approach incorporated to surgical practice and operations increased in frequency and complexity. Evidence supporting LLR comes from case-series, comparative studies and meta-analysis. Despite lack of level 1 evidence, the body of literature is stronger and existing data confirms the safety, feasibility and benefits of laparoscopic approach when compared to open resection. Indications for LLR do not differ from those for open surgery. They include benign and malignant (both primary and metastatic) tumors and living donor liver harvesting. Currently, resection of lesions located on anterolateral segments and left lateral sectionectomy are performed systematically by laparoscopy in hepatobiliary specialized centers. Resection of lesions located on posterosuperior segments (1, 4a, 7, 8) and major liver resections were shown to be feasible but remain technically demanding procedures, which should be reserved to experienced surgeons. Hand-assisted and laparoscopy-assisted procedures appeared to increase the indications of minimally invasive liver surgery and are useful strategies applied to difficult and major resections. LLR proved to be safe for malignant lesions and offers some short-term advantages over open resection. Oncological results including resection margin status and long-term survival were not inferior to open resection. At present, surgical community expects high quality studies to base the already perceived better outcomes achieved by laparoscopy in major centers’ practice. Continuous surgical training, as well as new technologies should augment the application of laparoscopic liver surgery. Future applicability of new technologies such as robot assistance and image-guided surgery is still under investigation.
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12782
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Durso M, Gaglione M, Piras L, Mercurio ME, Terreri S, Olivieri M, Marinelli L, Novellino E, Incoronato M, Grieco P, Orsini G, Tonon G, Messere A, Cimmino A. Chemical modifications in the seed region of miRNAs 221/222 increase the silencing performances in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 111:15-25. [PMID: 26854374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) are characterized by KIT gene overexpression, which in turn is regulated by levels of microRNA 221 and microRNA 222. GISTs can also be distinguished by their miRNAs expression profile in which miRNAs 221/222 result reduced in comparison with GI normal tissues. In this paper, to restore normal miRNAs levels and to improve the silencing performances of miRNAs 221/222, new miRNA mimics in which guide strands are modified by Phosphorothioate (PS) and/or 2'-O-methyl RNA (2'-OMe) inside and outside the seed region, were synthesized and tested in GIST48 cells. We evaluated the positional effect of the chemical modifications on the miRNAs silencing activity, compared to natural and several commercial miRNA mimics. Our results show that chemically modified miRNAs 221/222 with alternating 2'-OMe-PS and natural nucleotides in the seed region are effective inhibitors of KIT gene expression and exhibit increased stability in rat plasma. Besides, their transfection in GIST 48 cells showed significant effects on different cellular processes in which KIT plays a functional role for tumor development (such as migration, cell proliferation, and apoptosis). Therefore, modified miRNAs 221/222 may provide an alternative therapeutic option for GIST treatment also aimed to overcome drug resistance concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montano Durso
- Institute of Genetic and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Gaglione
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Linda Piras
- National Research Council-CNR, Institute of Crystallography-IC, Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Emilia Mercurio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sara Terreri
- Institute of Genetic and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Olivieri
- Institute of Genetic and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Messere
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetic and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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12783
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Imani-Saber Z, Yousefi-Razin E, Javaheri M, Mirfakhraie R, Motalleb G, Ghafouri-Fard S. Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) Gene Mutations may not Contribute to Gastric Adenocarcinoma Development. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:3523-5. [PMID: 25921172 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Environmental as well as genetic factors have been shown to be involved in its genesis. Among genetic factors, loss of function of a tumor suppressive gene named promyelocytic leukemia (PML) has been demonstrated in gastric cancer. In order to cast light in the mechanism by which PML protein is under-expressed in gastric cancer cells, we analyzed all exons and intron-exon boundaries of PML gene in 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from gastric carcinoma tumors by means of PCR-SSCP and CSGE, with direct sequencing of abnormally shifted bands. We found a novel sequence variant of unknown significance localized in intron 5 in 3 samples (c.1398+84delA). We did not detect any deleterious mutations of the PML gene. This study shows that PML mutations may not contribute to gastric adenocarcinoma development. Post-translational modifications or protein degradation might be mechanisms by which PML is not expressed in gastric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Imani-Saber
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
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12784
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Pandey V, Ingle M, Pandav N, Parikh P, Patel J, Phadke A, Sawant P. The role of capsule endoscopy in etiological diagnosis and management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Intest Res 2016; 14:69-74. [PMID: 26884737 PMCID: PMC4754525 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2016.14.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims To investigate the various etiologies, yields, and effects of capsule endoscopy (CE) on management and complications, along with follow up of patients with obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Methods The study group of patients included those having obscure, overt, or occult GI bleeding. The findings were categorized as (A) obvious/definitive, (B) equivocal, or (C) negative. Any significant alteration in patient management post CE in the form of drug or surgical intervention was noted. Results Total patients included in the study were 68 (48 males and 20 females). The ratio of male:female was 2.4:1. The age ranged between 16 years to 77 years. Mean age for males was 62±14 years, for females 58±16 years. The total yield of CE with definitive lesions was in 44/68 (65.0%) of patients. In descending order (A) angiodysplasia 16/68 (23.53%), (B) Crohn's disease 10/68 (14.70%), (C) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy 8/68 (11.76%), (D) small bowel ulcers 4/68 (5.88%), (E) jejunal and ileal polyps 2/68 (2.94%), (F) intestinal lymphangiectasis 2/68 (2.94%), and (G) ileal hemangiomas 2/68 (2.94%) were followed. Equivocal findings 12/68 (17.65%) and negative study 12/68 (17.65%) was found. Complications in the form of capsule retention in the distal ileum were noted in 2/68 (2.94%) subjects. Statistically, there was a higher probability of finding the etiology if the CE was done during an episode of bleeding. Conclusions CE plays an important role in diagnosing etiologies of obscure GI bleeding. Its role in influencing the management outcome is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Pandey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Meghraj Ingle
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Nilesh Pandav
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Pathik Parikh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Jignesh Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Aniruddha Phadke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Prabha Sawant
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, India
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12785
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Luvira V, Pugkhem A, Tipwaratorn T, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Bhudhisawasdi V. Simultaneous Extensive Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct and Pancreas: A Very Rare Entity. Case Rep Surg 2016; 2016:1518707. [PMID: 26925284 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1518707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is a specific type of bile duct tumor. It has been proposed that it could be the biliary counterpart of the intraductal papillary neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN-P). This hypothesis is supported by the presence of simultaneous intraductal tumors of both the bile duct and pancreas. There have been five reports of patients with simultaneous IPNB and IPMN-P. In all of these cases, biliary involvement was limited to the intrahepatic and perihilar bile duct, which had characteristics similar to IPMN-P and usually had slow progression in nature. Herein, we present the first case of extensive intraductal neoplasm involving the extrahepatic bile duct, intrahepatic bile duct, and entire length of the pancreas with a poor outcome, even after being treated aggressively with radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Additionally, we summarize previous case reports of simultaneous intraductal lesions of the bile duct and pancreas.
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12786
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Fei X, Lei F, Zhang H, Lu H, Zhu Y, Tang Y. Predicting early post-chemotherapy adverse events in patients with hematological malignancies: a retrospective study. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24:2727-33. [PMID: 26803835 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model that predicts the definite adverse events following chemotherapy in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs). METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study including 1157 cases with HMs. Firstly, we screened and verified the independent risk factors associated with post-chemotherapy adverse events by both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis using 70 % of randomly selected cases (training set). Secondly, we proposed a mathematical model based on those selected factors. The calibration and discrimination of the model were assessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, respectively. Lastly, the predicative power of this model was further tested in the remaining 30 % of cases (validation set). RESULTS Our statistical analysis indicated that liver dysfunction (OR = 2.164), active infection (OR = 3.619), coagulation abnormalities (OR = 4.614), intensity of chemotherapy (OR = 10.001), acute leukemia (OR = 2.185), and obesity (OR = 1.604) were independent risk factors for post-chemotherapy adverse events in HM patients (all P < 0.05). Based on the verified risk factors, a predictive model was proposed. This model had good discrimination and calibration. When 0.648 was selected as the cutoff point, the sensitivity and specificity of this predictive model in validation sets was 72.7 and 87.4 %, respectively. Furthermore, this proposed model's positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and consistency rate were 87.3, 73.0 and 80.0 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that this six risk factor-based mathematical model is accurate and sufficient enough to predict definite post-chemotherapy adverse events in a HM patient and it may aid clinicians to optimize treatment for a HM patient.
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12787
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Shao W, Wang Q, Wang F, Jiang Y, Xu M, Xu J. Abnormal expression of calcyphosine is associated with poor prognosis and cell biology function in colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:477-87. [PMID: 26889086 PMCID: PMC4741367 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s92226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the calcyphosine (CAPS) expression in human colorectal cancer (CRC) and to explore its clinical and prognostic significances. CAPS expression was measured by Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and immunohistochemistry. The relationships between the CAPS expression levels and the clinicopathological factors were investigated. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to investigate the overall survival of the patients. Moreover, the effects of CAPS on biological roles of CRC cells were also evaluated by MTT assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay. CAPS was significantly overexpressed in cancerous tissue and CRC cell lines compared with adjacent nontumor tissue and a normal human intestinal epithelial cell line. Overexpression of CAPS was significantly associated with histological grade (P=0.004), invasive depth (P<0.001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.003), tumor node metastasis stage (P=0.017), and distant metastasis (P=0.042). Furthermore, silencing of CAPS expression in CRC cells inhibited their proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that high CAPS expression might demonstrate poor prognosis in CRC patients. Cox regression analysis revealed that CAPS expression was an independent prognostic factor of CRC. Our data suggested that the upregulation of CAPS might play a role in the carcinogenesis and progression of CRC. CAPS could be used as a potential diagnostic factor and be an independent good prognostic indicator for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quhui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meirong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
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12788
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Morelli L, Guadagni S, Di Franco G, Palmeri M, Caprili G, D'Isidoro C, Cobuccio L, Marciano E, Di Candio G, Mosca F. Use of the new da Vinci Xi® during robotic rectal resection for cancer: a pilot matched-case comparison with the da Vinci Si®. Int J Med Robot 2016; 13. [PMID: 26804716 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the short-term outcomes of robotic rectal resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer, with the use of the new da Vinci Xi® (Xi-RobTME group) and the da Vinci Si® (Si-RobTME group). METHODS Ten patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer underwent robot-assisted TME with the use of the new da Vinci Xi. The outcomes of Xi-RobTME group were compared with a Si-RobTME group selected using a case-matched methodology. RESULTS Overall operative times and mean hospital stays were shorter in the Xi-RobTME group. Surgeries were fully robotic with a complete take-down of the splenic flexure in all Xi-RobTME cases, while only four cases of the Si-RobTME group were fully robotic, with two cases of complete take-down of the splenic flexure. CONCLUSIONS The new da Vinci Xi could offer some advantages with respect to the da Vinci Si in rectal resection for cancer. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Morelli
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy.,Centre for Computer-assisted Surgery (EndoCAS), University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Guadagni
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Gregorio Di Franco
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Palmeri
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caprili
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristiano D'Isidoro
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Cobuccio
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marciano
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Di Candio
- General Surgery, Department of Oncology Transplantation and New Technologies, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Mosca
- Centre for Computer-assisted Surgery (EndoCAS), University of Pisa, Italy
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12789
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Seshadri RA, Glehen O. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1114-30. [PMID: 26811651 PMCID: PMC4716024 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer associated peritoneal carcinomatosis (GCPC) has a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than one year. Systemic chemotherapy including targeted agents has not been found to significantly increase the survival in GCPC. Since recurrent gastric cancer remains confined to the abdominal cavity in many patients, regional therapies like aggressive cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have been investigated for GCPC. HIPEC has been used for three indications in GC- as an adjuvant therapy after a curative surgery, HIPEC has been shown to improve survival and reduce peritoneal recurrences in many randomised trials in Asian countries; as a definitive treatment in established PC, HIPEC along with CRS is the only therapeutic modality that has resulted in long-term survival in select groups of patients; as a palliative treatment in advanced PC with intractable ascites, HIPEC has been shown to control ascites and reduce the need for frequent paracentesis. While the results of randomised trials of adjuvant HIPEC from western centres are awaited, the role of HIPEC in the treatment of GCPC is still evolving and needs larger studies before it is accepted as a standard of care.
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12790
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Margonis GA, Kim Y, Samaha M, Buettner S, Sasaki K, Gani F, Amini N, Pawlik TM. Blood loss and outcomes after resection of colorectal liver metastases. J Surg Res 2016; 202:473-80. [PMID: 27038662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of intraoperative blood loss (IBL) on long-term outcomes of patients undergoing liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) remains not well defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 433 patients who underwent curative-intent hepatic resection for CRLM between 2000 and 2013 at Johns Hopkins were identified. Demographics, IBL data, and long-term outcomes were collected and analyzed. Clinicopathologic predictors of IBL and the association of IBL and outcomes were assessed. RESULTS The median patient age was 54 y (interquartile range, 44-64), most patients were male (58.9%; n = 255). At surgery, the median IBL was 400 mL (range, 10-5100 mL). Two-hundred eighty-seven patients (66.3%) had an IBL of >250 mL. Factors associated with increased IBL (>250 mL) on multivariate analysis were male sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68-4.09; P < 0.001), tumor size >3 cm (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.18-2.99; P = 0.008), and major hepatic resection (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.92-4.92; P < 0.001). At a median follow-up time of 30.6 mo, the median survival times were 70.5, 56.4, and 36.9 mo for IBL <250, 250-1000, and >1000 mL, respectively (P = 0.004). IBL >250 mL remained an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.97; P = 0.04) after adjusting for other factors including the receipt of blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of IBL during CRLM resection was related to biologic characteristics of the tumor and the extent of surgery. Increased IBL during CRLM resection was an independent prognostic factor for worse patient survival. Furthermore, a dose-response relationship between increasing IBL and worsening survival was evident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuhree Kim
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mario Samaha
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stefan Buettner
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kazunari Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Faiz Gani
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Neda Amini
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
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12791
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Izumi H, Yazawa N, Furukawa D, Masuoka Y, Yamada M, Mashiko T, Kawashima Y, Ogawa M, Kawaguchi Y, Mine T, Hirabayashi K, Nakagohri T. Bile duct carcinoma associated with congenital biliary dilatation in a 16-year-old female: a case report and literature review. Surg Case Rep 2016; 2:5. [PMID: 26943681 PMCID: PMC4722045 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-016-0132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We encountered a very rare case of bile duct carcinoma associated with congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) in a 16-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital because of right upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated a cystic dilatation of the common bile duct measuring 7 cm in diameter and two enhanced tumors 4 cm in diameter located in the inferior bile duct and middle bile duct. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography clearly demonstrated a cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct (Todani’s CBD classification: type 4-A). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography also revealed two tumors. Biopsy results of one of the tumors confirmed adenocarcinoma. Excision of the perihilar bile duct and subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with dissection of the major lymph nodes were performed. A postoperative histopathologic examination revealed a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, which remained within the mucosal layer, and no lymph node metastasis was found. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 10 days after surgery and has remained disease-free for 21 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Izumi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Naoki Yazawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Furukawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Yoshihito Masuoka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Misuzu Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Taro Mashiko
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Yohei Kawashima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Masami Ogawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Kawaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Mine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Hirabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Toshio Nakagohri
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
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12792
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Coccolini F, Montori G, Ceresoli M, Cima S, Valli MC, Nita GE, Heyer A, Catena F, Ansaloni L. Advanced gastric cancer: What we know and what we still have to learn. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1139-1159. [PMID: 26811653 PMCID: PMC4716026 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common neoplastic disease and, more precisely, is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, with differences amongst geographic areas. The definition of advanced gastric cancer is still debated. Different stadiating systems lead to slightly different stadiation of the disease, thus leading to variations between the single countries in the treatment and outcomes. In the present review all the possibilities of treatment for advanced gastric cancer have been analyzed. Surgery, the cornerstone of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, is analyzed first, followed by an investigation of the different forms and drugs of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. New frontiers in treatment suggest the growing consideration for intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutics and combination of traditional drugs with new ones. Moreover, the necessity to prevent the relapse of the disease leads to the consideration of administering intraperitoneal chemotherapy earlier in the therapeutical algorithm.
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12793
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Meeker S, Seamons A, Maggio-Price L, Paik J. Protective links between vitamin D, inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:933-48. [PMID: 26811638 PMCID: PMC4716046 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a wide range of diseases and multiple forms of cancer including breast, colon, and prostate cancers. Relatively recent work has demonstrated vitamin D to be critical in immune function and therefore important in inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is increasingly prevalent around the world, with an estimated 30%-50% of children and adults at risk for vitamin D deficiency worldwide, it could have a significant impact on IBD. Epidemiologic studies suggest that low serum vitamin D levels are a risk factor for IBD and colon cancer, and vitamin D supplementation is associated with decreased colitis disease activity and/or alleviated symptoms. Patients diagnosed with IBD have a higher incidence of colorectal cancer than the general population, which supports the notion that inflammation plays a key role in cancer development and underscores the importance of understanding how vitamin D influences inflammation and its cancer-promoting effects. In addition to human epidemiological data, studies utilizing mouse models of colitis have shown that vitamin D is beneficial in preventing or ameliorating inflammation and clinical disease. The precise role of vitamin D on colitis is unknown; however, vitamin D regulates immune cell trafficking and differentiation, gut barrier function and antimicrobial peptide synthesis, all of which may be protective from IBD and colon cancer. Here we focus on effects of vitamin D on inflammation and inflammation-associated colon cancer and discuss the potential use of vitamin D for protection and treatment of IBD and colon cancer.
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12794
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Voutsadakis IA. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Regulation of EMT Factors by Steroid Nuclear Receptors in Breast Cancer: A Review and in Silico Investigation. J Clin Med. 2016;5. [PMID: 26797644 PMCID: PMC4730136 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid Nuclear Receptors (SNRs) are transcription factors of the nuclear receptor super-family. Estrogen Receptor (ERα) is the best-studied and has a seminal role in the clinic both as a prognostic marker but also as a predictor of response to anti-estrogenic therapies. Progesterone Receptor (PR) is also used in the clinic but with a more debatable prognostic role and the role of the four other SNRs, ERβ, Androgen Receptor (AR), Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR), is starting only to be appreciated. ERα, but also to a certain degree the other SNRs, have been reported to be involved in virtually every cancer-enabling process, both promoting and impeding carcinogenesis. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and the reverse Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition (MET) are such carcinogenesis-enabling processes with important roles in invasion and metastasis initiation but also establishment of tumor in the metastatic site. EMT is governed by several signal transduction pathways culminating in core transcription factors of the process, such as Snail, Slug, ZEB1 and ZEB2, and Twist, among others. This paper will discuss direct regulation of these core transcription factors by SNRs in breast cancer. Interrogation of publicly available databases for binding sites of SNRs on promoters of core EMT factors will also be included in an attempt to fill gaps where other experimental data are not available.
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12795
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Serrano OK, Huang K, Ng N, Yang J, Friedmann P, Libutti SK, Kennedy TJ. Correlation between preoperative endoscopic ultrasound and surgical pathology staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: A single institution retrospective review. J Surg Oncol 2016; 113:42-5. [PMID: 26784562 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence validates the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) staging has been proposed as a useful adjunct in this setting. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of patients treated at our institution for gastric adenocarcinoma between July 2005 and January 2014. We identified patients referred for EUS before surgery as part of a prospective treatment plan. Histopathologic staging was compared to EUS staging, with a focus on T- and N-stage. Agreement between the two modalities was examined using kappa-statistics. RESULTS We identified 614 patients with biopsy-proven gastric adenocarcinoma; 145 underwent curative-intent surgery. Surgical pathology and EUS results were available from 69 patients. The accuracy of EUS for the evaluation of T- and N-stage was 44.9% and 56.5%, respectively. EUS demonstrated greater concordance with histopathology at evaluating T-stage (κ = 0.3469) than N-stage (κ = 0.1316). EUS underestimated T- and N-stage in 40.8% and 30.4% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION EUS seems to correlate poorly with pathology in the preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma. In the majority of inaccurate cases, EUS underestimates T-stage and N-stage, limiting its utility in the neoadjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar K Serrano
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kevin Huang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nicole Ng
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Julie Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Gastroenterology, Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Steven K Libutti
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Timothy J Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
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12796
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Lu YM, Chen W, Zhu JS, Chen WX, Chen NW. Eriocalyxin B blocks human SW1116 colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle progression and angiogenesis via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2235-40. [PMID: 26795301 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Eriocalyxin B, a natural ent-kaurene diterpene compound, has been shown to prevent carcinogenesis and tumor development. However, little is known regarding the mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of Eriocalyxin B in human colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of Eriocalyxin B in SW1116 cells, and to verify the hypothesis that the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway may serve as a therapeutic target in human colon cancer treatment. Cell proliferation was measured with a Cell Counting kit‑8 assay, and the cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell analysis. In addition, western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression levels in SW1116 cells treated with various concentrations of Eriocalyxin B. The results demonstrated that 1 µmol/l Eriocalyxin B was effective at inhibiting JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation, followed by the downregulation of JAK2 and STAT3 downstream target expression, which resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Eriocalyxin B also suppressed the expression of proliferation‑associated protein (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and angiogenesis‑associated proteins (vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2), as well as that of migration- and invasion‑associated proteins (matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9). These results suggested that Eriocalyxin B may suppress JAK2/STAT3 signaling, and thus act as a therapeutic or preventive agent in the treatment of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Min Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Shui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Xiong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Ni-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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12797
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Yörüker EE, Holdenrieder S, Gezer U. Blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 455:26-32. [PMID: 26797671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated morbidity and mortality is increasing, in part due to a lack of early detection. Direct structural examination techniques, such as colonoscopy, are invasive and can therefore affect the willingness of patients to participate in screening. Recently, the use of "liquid biopsy" has gained considerable attention as a novel source of biomarkers. Blood-based biomarkers could prove to be practical tools for CRC detection, as the monitoring of biomarkers in biological fluids offers many advantages, including minimal invasiveness and easy accessibility. Biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity can enable the detection of CRC at an early stage, thereby improving prognosis, prediction of treatment response, and recurrence risk. In this review, we summarize that the biomarkers currently thought to have potential for the early detection and monitoring of CRC, including circulating tumor cells, DNA, RNA and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru E Yörüker
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ugur Gezer
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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12798
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Cusimano A, Abdelghany AM, Donadini A. Chronic intermittent abdominal pain in young woman with intestinal malrotation, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome and appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor: a rare case report and literature review. BMC Womens Health 2016; 16:3. [PMID: 26774818 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-015-0274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background There are a lot of different causes of abdominal pain; in this case, a young woman suffers from three diseases with similar symptoms. Adult intestinal mal-rotation is a rare condition of deviation from the normal 270° counter clockwise rotation of the midgut resulting in, not only mal-position of the small intestine, but also mal-fixation of the mesentery. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is a rare complication of pelvic inflammatory disease; it involves liver capsule inflammation associated with genital tract infection, which is usually caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis. Neuroendocrine tumors are enterochromaffin cell neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine (hormonal) and nervous systems; the appendicular one is the most common primary malignant lesion of these tumors, it’s incidence is about 0.3 – 0.9 % of appendectomies done. Just for knowledge, this is the first described case of concomitant presence of all these diseases with clinical symptoms attributable to each one. Case presentation 40-years-old woman suffers from acute abdominal pain, predominantly on the right quadrants, without abdominal distension, no guarding nor rigidity and normal intestinal peristalsis. She has a long history of abdominal intermittent pain, with cramps every 30–40 min, resolving spontaneously. She was diagnosed as intestinal mal-rotation through computed tomography scan which has evidenced a mobilized intra - peritoneal duodenum with cecum/ascending colon predominately lying on the left side and the small intestine almost entirely lying on the right side of abdomen, without evidence of effusion, edema or signs of intestinal ischemia or infarction. Exploratory laparoscopy demonstrated an inflammatory process in the hepatic-renal space, with bloody adhesions above the liver capsule; this is additional to the typical pelvic inflammatory disease signs (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome). Appendectomy was performed with histological analysis resulting in appendicular neuroendocrine tumor. Conclusions Although the patient has an intestinal mal-rotation which could explain the abdominal painful symptoms, it is not possible to exclude other concomitant causes, such as perihepatitis on pelvic inflammatory disease or neuroendocrine tumors. Even if all these diseases are rarely seen in daily clinical practice, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic intermittent abdominal pain in a young woman.
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12799
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Lungoci C, Mironiuc AI, Muntean V, Oniu T, Leebmann H, Mayr M, Piso P. Multimodality treatment strategies have changed prognosis of peritoneal metastases. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:67-82. [PMID: 26798438 PMCID: PMC4714147 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long time, treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM) was mostly palliative and thus, this status was link with “terminal status/despair”. The current multimodal treatment strategy, consisting of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), has been strenuously achieved over time, but seems to be the best treatment option for PM patients. As we reviewed the literature data, we could emphasize some milestones and also, controversies in the history of proposed multimodal treatment and thus, outline the philosophy of this approach, which seems to be an unusual one indeed. Initially marked by nihilism and fear, but benefiting from a remarkable joint effort of human and material resources (multi-center and -institutional research), over a period of 30 years, CRS and HIPEC found their place in the treatment of PM. The next 4 years were dedicated to the refinement of the multimodal treatment, by launching research pathways. In selected patients, with requires training, it demonstrated a significant survival results (similar to the Hepatic Metastases treatment), with acceptable risks and costs. The main debates regarding CRS and HIPEC treatment were based on the oncologists’ perspective and the small number of randomized clinical trials. It is important to statement the PM patient has the right to be informed of the existence of CRS and HIPEC, as a real treatment resource, the decision being made by multidisciplinary teams.
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12800
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Branković B, Stanojević G, Nestorović M, Veljković A, Stojanović I, Petrović D, Pavlović D, Kocić G, Đinđić B, Krivokapić Z. TROSATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS IN COLON CANCER TUMOR, ADJACENT AND HEALTHY TISSUE. AMM 2016. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2016.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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