13501
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Bishop JY, Santiago-Torres JE, Rimmke N, Flanigan DC. Smoking Predisposes to Rotator Cuff Pathology and Shoulder Dysfunction: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2015; 31:1598-605. [PMID: 25801046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of smoking with rotator cuff (RTC) disease and shoulder dysfunction, defined as poor scores on shoulder rating scales. METHODS A systematic review was performed using a search strategy based on "shoulder AND [smoke OR smoking OR nicotine OR tobacco]." English-language clinical or basic science studies testing the association of smoking and shoulder dysfunction on shoulder rating scales or disease of the soft tissue of the shoulder were included. Level V evidence studies and articles reporting only on surgery outcomes, subjective symptoms, adhesive capsulitis, or presence of fracture or oncologic mass were excluded. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included, comprising a total of 16,172 patients, of whom 6,081 were smokers. All 4 clinical studies addressing the association between smoking and patient-reported shoulder symptoms and dysfunction in terms of poor scores on shoulder rating scales (i.e., Simple Shoulder Test; University of California, Los Angeles shoulder scale; and self-reported surveys) confirmed this correlation with 6,678 patients, of whom 1,723 were smokers. Two of four studies documenting provider-reported RTC disease comprised 8,461 patients, of whom 4,082 were smokers, and found a time- and dose-dependent relation of smoking with RTC tears and a correlation of smoking with impingement syndrome. Smoking was also reported in 4 other articles to be associated with the prevalence of larger RTC tears or tears with pronounced degenerative changes in 1,033 patients, of whom 276 were smokers, and may accelerate RTC degeneration, which could result in tears at a younger age. In addition, 1 basic science study showed that nicotine increased stiffness of the supraspinatus tendon in a rat model. CONCLUSIONS Smoking is associated with RTC tears, shoulder dysfunction, and shoulder symptoms. Smoking may also accelerate RTC degeneration and increase the prevalence of larger RTC tears. These correlations suggest that smoking may increase the risk of symptomatic RTC disease, which could consequently increase the need for surgical interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, systematic review of Level II through IV studies.
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13502
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Ardeshirpour L, Dumitru C, Dann P, Sterpka J, VanHouten J, Kim W, Kostenuik P, Wysolmerski J. OPG Treatment Prevents Bone Loss During Lactation But Does Not Affect Milk Production or Maternal Calcium Metabolism. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2762-73. [PMID: 25961842 PMCID: PMC4511126 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lactation is associated with increased bone turnover and rapid bone loss, which liberates skeletal calcium used for milk production. Previous studies suggested that an increase in the skeletal expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells ligand (RANKL) coupled with a decrease in osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels likely triggered bone loss during lactation. In this study, we treated lactating mice with recombinant OPG to determine whether bone loss during lactation was dependent on RANKL signaling and whether resorption of the maternal skeleton was required to support milk production. OPG treatment lowered bone resorption rates and completely prevented bone loss during lactation but, surprisingly, did not decrease osteoclast numbers. In contrast, OPG was quite effective at lowering osteoblast numbers and inhibiting bone formation in lactating mice. Furthermore, treatment with OPG during lactation prevented the usual anabolic response associated with reversal of lactational bone loss after weaning. Preventing bone loss had no appreciable effect on milk production, milk calcium levels, or maternal calcium homeostasis when mice were on a standard diet. However, when dietary calcium was restricted, treatment with OPG caused maternal hypocalcemia, maternal death, and decreased milk production. These studies demonstrate that RANKL signaling is a requirement for bone loss during lactation, and suggest that osteoclast activity may be required to increase osteoblast numbers during lactation in preparation for the recovery of bone mass after weaning. These data also demonstrate that maternal bone loss is not absolutely required to supply calcium for milk production unless dietary calcium intake is inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Ardeshirpour
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Cristina Dumitru
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Pamela Dann
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - John Sterpka
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Joshua VanHouten
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Wonnam Kim
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Paul Kostenuik
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - John Wysolmerski
- Section of Endocrinology (L.A.), Department of Pediatrics, and Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism (C.D., P.D., J.S., J.V., W.K., J.W.), Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Metabolic Disorders (P.K.), Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320
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13503
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Tao Y, Qiu X, Xu C, Sun B, Shi C. Expression and correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-7 and interleukin-15 in human osteoarthritis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:9112-9118. [PMID: 26464654 PMCID: PMC4583886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the expression and correlation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and interleukin (IL)-15 in human osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS From October 2013 to December 2014, 30 patients with OA were enrolled. In addition, anther 30 patients with simple meniscus injury were collected as a control group. There were no significant differences in age and gender between the two groups. Articular cartilage tissue was obtained from both OA patients and control group patients. Protein, mRNA, and serum expression levels of MMP-7 and IL-15 in the both two groups were determined by immunohistochemical (IHC), in situ hybridization, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay, respectively. Additionally, correlation between MMP-7 and IL-15 expression level in cartilage tissue and serum was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Protein, mRNA, and serum expression levels of MMP-7 and IL-15 in patients with OA were all significantly increased in OA patients compared with the control group. Besides, there were strong positive relationships between articular MMP-7 level and serum MMP-7 level (R(2) = 0.573, P = 0.018), between articular IL-15 level and serum IL-15 level (R(2) = 0.861, P = 0.023), and between serum IL-15 level and serum MMP-7 level (R(2) = 0.602, P = 0.012). CONCLUSION These results suggest that MMP-7 and IL-15 might play important roles in the pathogenesis of OA, and IL-15 and MMP-7 has positive correlation in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Clinical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xianxing Qiu
- Guiyang Medical CollegeGuiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Changbo Xu
- Department of Surgery, Public Health Treatment Center of GuiyangGuiyang, Guizhou Provence, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Liberation Army Hospital of The Second Group of The Third Camp, Reserve Infantry DivisionGuizhou Provence, China
| | - Changxiu Shi
- Luzhou Medical CollegeLuzhou, Sichuan Province, China
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13504
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Chen XM, Huang QC, Yang SL, Chu YL, Yan YH, Han L, Huang Y, Huang RY. Role of Micro RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Novel Perspectives Based on Review of the Literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1326. [PMID: 26252320 PMCID: PMC4616618 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The contributions of micro RNAs (miRNAs) to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are beginning to be uncovered during the last decade. Many studies in efforts to use miRNAs as biomarkers in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are ongoing.We conducted a systematic literature review to reveal the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA in order to inform future research.We analyzed all the literature which is searched by keywords "microRNA" and "arthritis" in PubMed from December 2007 to June 2015, and the references cited by the articles searched were also considered.Relevant literature focusing on the field of miRNAs and RA was identified. The searching process was conducted by 5 independent investigators. The experts in the field of miRNAs and Rheumatology were involved in the process of analyzing.Relevant literature was analyzed according to the objective of this review and the availability of full text.The crucial role of miRNAs in maintaining immune and inflammatory responses is revealed. In addition, it is now clear that miRNAs are implicated in the development of RA synovial phenotype including synovial hyperplasia and joint destruction. Intriguingly, the biomedical application of several miRNAs may result in the effects of "double-edged sword." Moreover, there appears to have a feedback loop for expression of some miRNAs related to disease activity in inflammatory milieu of rheumatoid joint.This review underscores the potential importance of miRNAs to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of RA. Further investigations are required to identify the unique miRNAs signatures in RA and characterize the mechanisms mediated by miRNAs in the pathology of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Min Chen
- From the Department of Rheumatology (XMC, QCH, YLC, RYH); Department of Dermatology (YHY); Central Laboratory (LH, YH), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou; and Department of General Surgery (SLY), Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13505
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Centeno CJ, Pitts J, Al-Sayegh H, Freeman MD. Anterior cruciate ligament tears treated with percutaneous injection of autologous bone marrow nucleated cells: a case series. J Pain Res 2015; 8:437-47. [PMID: 26261424 PMCID: PMC4527573 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s86244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This was a prospective case series designed to investigate treatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears using an injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate. Methods Consecutive adult patients presenting to a private outpatient interventional musculoskeletal and pain practice with knee pain, ACL laxity on exam, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of a grade 1, 2, or 3 ACL tears with less than 1 cm retraction were eligible for this study. Eligible patients were treated with an intraligamentous injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate, using fluoroscopic guidance. Pre- and postprocedural sagittal MRI images of the ACLs were analyzed using ImageJ software to objectively quantify changes between pre- and posttreatment scans. Five different types of measurement of ACL pixel intensity were examined as a proxy for ligament integrity. In addition pain visual analog scale (VAS) and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) values were recorded at baseline and at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and annually postinjection. Objective outcomes measured were pre- to post-MRI measurement changes, as analyzed by the ImageJ software. Subjective outcomes measured were changes in the VAS and LEFS, and a self-rated percentage improvement. Results Seven of ten patients showed improvement in at least four of five objective measures of ACL integrity in their postprocedure MRIs. In the entire study group, the mean gray value, median, raw integrated density, and modal gray value all decreased toward low-signal ACLs (P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.002, and P=0.08), indications of improved ligament integrity. Seven of ten patients responded to the self-rated metrics follow up. The mean VAS change was a decrease of 1.7 (P=0.25), the mean LEFS change was an increase of 23.3 (P=0.03), and mean reported improvement was 86.7%. Conclusion Based on this small case series, autologous bone marrow concentrate shows promise in the treatment of grade 1, 2, and possibly grade 3 ACL tears without retraction. Further investigation using a controlled study design is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Centeno
- Centeno-Schultz Clinic, Broomfield, CO, USA ; Regenerative Sciences, LLC., Broomfield, CO, USA
| | - John Pitts
- Centeno-Schultz Clinic, Broomfield, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael D Freeman
- Public Health Department, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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13506
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Achkar JM, Cortes L, Croteau P, Yanofsky C, Mentinova M, Rajotte I, Schirm M, Zhou Y, Junqueira-Kipnis AP, Kasprowicz VO, Larsen M, Allard R, Hunter J, Paramithiotis E. Host Protein Biomarkers Identify Active Tuberculosis in HIV Uninfected and Co-infected Individuals. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1160-8. [PMID: 26501113 PMCID: PMC4588417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers for active tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed to improve rapid TB diagnosis. The objective of this study was to identify serum protein expression changes associated with TB but not latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI), uninfected states, or respiratory diseases other than TB (ORD). Serum samples from 209 HIV uninfected (HIV−) and co-infected (HIV+) individuals were studied. In the discovery phase samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, and in the verification phase biologically independent samples were analyzed via a multiplex multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) assay. Compared to LTBI and ORD, host proteins were significantly differentially expressed in TB, and involved in the immune response, tissue repair, and lipid metabolism. Biomarker panels whose composition differed according to HIV status, and consisted of 8 host proteins in HIV− individuals (CD14, SEPP1, SELL, TNXB, LUM, PEPD, QSOX1, COMP, APOC1), or 10 host proteins in HIV+ individuals (CD14, SEPP1, PGLYRP2, PFN1, VASN, CPN2, TAGLN2, IGFBP6), respectively, distinguished TB from ORD with excellent accuracy (AUC = 0.96 for HIV− TB, 0.95 for HIV+ TB). These results warrant validation in larger studies but provide promise that host protein biomarkers could be the basis for a rapid, blood-based test for TB. Active tuberculosis leads to the differential expression of serum proteins involved in associated host processes. Serum protein expression changes in tuberculosis involve the immune response, tissue repair, and lipid metabolism. Panels of 8–10 host proteins can distinguish active tuberculosis from latent infection, and other respiratory diseases.
Accurate biomarkers for active tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed to improve rapid diagnosis. Current diagnostics for TB rely on microbiologic or molecular confirmation of M. tuberculosis, and are therefore dependent on a specimen from the site of disease which is not always accessible. This study demonstrates that human host proteins are differentially expressed in TB compared to latent M. tuberculosis infection, or respiratory diseases other than TB. Our data thus provide promise that host proteins have the potential to become the basis of rapid blood tests that do not require a sample from the site of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Achkar
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Laetitia Cortes
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pascal Croteau
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Corey Yanofsky
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marija Mentinova
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rajotte
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Schirm
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Parasitology and Pathology, Public Health and Tropical Medicine Institute, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235 esq. Primeira avenida, Goiania, Goias, 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Victoria O Kasprowicz
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB HIV (K-RITH), KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa ; The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Charlestown, Boston, USA ; HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Michelle Larsen
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - René Allard
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joanna Hunter
- Caprion Proteomics Inc., 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
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13507
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Lange A, Lange J, Thyrian R, Haas JP, Ekkernkamp A, Merk H, Hoffmann W, Lode HN. [Incidence and duration of therapy of pathological hip findings in U2 and U3 examinations (SNiP study)]. Orthopade 2014; 43:129-35. [PMID: 24464331 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-013-2200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Determination of the efficacy of an early ultrasound examination followed by immediate treatment of hip joint dysplasia as well as measuring the therapeutic success in a population-based cohort study of neonates. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (SNiP) study included 4,093 neonates which represents 95.1 % of the total neonatal population. Of these children 2,534 (61.9 %) underwent ultrasound examination of the hip joint during the U2 stage (3-10 days after birth). The mean gestational age was 38.9 weeks. The sonographic classification was performed according to Graf. RESULTS Initially (U2 stage) 42 (1.66 %) children were reported to be in need of therapy (stage IIc or higher according to Graf). The analysis showed a significantly higher incidence in girls (32 girls vs. 10 boys, p < 0.023, χ(2) test) and in children who had a breech birth (116, 4.6 %). A genetic predisposition was ascertained in 180 (7.1 %) children. The children could be subdivided into two groups: 1) children who underwent hip joint ultrasound during both U2 and U3 and 2) children who were first screened at the U3 stage. Of the 49 out of 54 neonates where the ultrasound findings were positive at the U2 examination the hip joint was matured in 32 children at U3 (4-8 weeks), 11 children had to be treated for 8-12 weeks 5 children were treated for over 3 months and1 child needed surgical correction. CONCLUSION The early diagnosis of hip maturation disorders and joint dysplasia facilitates early implementation of effective treatment. At our clinic over 60 % of the infants underwent the U2 check up and, given a pathological finding, could undergo early treatment. It was possible to successfully treat 78 % of these children with a Tübingen hip flexion splint in just 4-8 weeks. In contrast, infants who were first examined at the U3 stage needed treatment for 4-12 months. In our opinion, early diagnosis at the age of 3-10 days should be carried out for all newborns.
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13508
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Homma Y, Baba T, Sano K, Ochi H, Matsumoto M, Kobayashi H, Yuasa T, Maruyama Y, Kaneko K. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury with the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty. Int Orthop 2015. [PMID: 26224618 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-015-2942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although injury of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) is a known complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the direct anterior approach (DAA), the impact of this complication on postoperative quality of life (QOL) is unclear. This study aims to investigate the incidence of LFCN injury after DAA for THA, and to determine the impact of LFCN injury on QOL and hip function. METHODS We prospectively investigated 122 hips operated upon using the DAA regarding the incidence of LFCN injury using self-reported questionnaires, hip functional scores such as the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and patient-reported outcomes such as the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS). RESULTS LFCN injury was seen in 39 hips (31.9 %). In affected hips, the leading symptom was hypo-aesthesia (46.2 %), followed by tingling or jolt-like sensation (28.2 %). There was no difference in the HHS and JOA score between those with LFCN injury and those without. There was a significant difference in the FJS-12 between the two groups (50.9 ± 25.3 for hips with LFCN injury vs 64.3 ± 25.7 without, p = 0.01). There was a non-significant tendency for patients with LFCN injury to have a lower JHEQ than those without (63.6 ± 19.6 for hips with LFCN injury vs 70.8 ± 22.9 without, p = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of LFCN injury decreased QOL but not hip function after DAA for THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Homma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahito Yuasa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Uyayasusi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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13509
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Giannini S, Cadossi M, Mazzotti A, Ramponi L, Belvedere C, Leardini A. Custom-Made Total Talonavicular Replacement in a Professional Rock Climber. J Foot Ankle Surg 2015; 55:1271-1275. [PMID: 26232176 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Professional athletes are often eager to resume sporting activities at preinjury levels. When facing the challenge of restoring joint function after a complex articular fracture, innovative solutions must be explored. We describe the results of what we believe to be the first custom-made talonavicular prosthesis implanted in a professional rock climber who had developed post-traumatic ankle and talonavicular arthritis as sequelae of a complex talar and navicular fracture. Using computed tomography scan reconstruction of the contralateral healthy ankle and direct metal laser sintering, a custom-made talonavicular prosthesis was obtained and implanted using an anteromedial approach. The patient was clinically and radiographically evaluated every 6 months after surgery for 30 months. A 3-dimensional videofluoroscopic analysis was performed to assess the range of motion about the prosthesis. At the last follow-up visit, the functional scores were excellent (Tegner activity scale score of 9 of 10), and he had completely resumed his sporting activity. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score had increased from 36 to 81 points, and no signs of radiolucency were observed on the radiographs. The 3-dimensional videofluoroscopic analysis showed 15° of dorsiflexion and 4° of plantar flexion at the ankle. A customized solution is an option when the patient's expectations are not likely to be met by standard treatment, such as arthrodesis. A custom-made talonavicular prosthesis can be an effective solution for complex ankle injury sequelae in patients demanding high functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Giannini
- Professor, I Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Cadossi
- Surgeon, I Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzotti
- Medical Doctor, I Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Ramponi
- Medical Doctor, I Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Belvedere
- Engineer, Movement Analysis Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Leardini
- Engineer, Movement Analysis Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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13510
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da Silva GT, Bergmann A, Thuler LCS. Prognostic factors in patients with metastatic spinal cord compression secondary to lung cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Spine J 2015; 24:2107-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13511
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Castorina A, Szychlinska MA, Marzagalli R, Musumeci G. Mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy as a potential treatment in neurodegenerative disorders: is the escape from senescence an answer? Neural Regen Res 2015. [PMID: 26199588 PMCID: PMC4498333 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor contributing to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. In the United States, over 35 million of elderly people suffer from age-related diseases. Aging impairs the self-repair ability of neuronal cells, which undergo progressive deterioration. Once initiated, this process hampers the already limited regenerative power of the central nervous system, making the search for new therapeutic strategies particularly difficult in elderly affected patients. So far, mesenchymal stem cells have proven to be a viable option to ameliorate certain aspects of neurodegeneration, as they possess high proliferative rate and differentiate in vitro into multiple lineages. However, accumulating data have demonstrated that during long-term culture, mesenchymal stem cells undergo spontaneous transformation. Transformed mesenchymal stem cells show typical features of senescence, including the progressive shortening of telomers, which results in cell loss and, as a consequence, hampered regenerative potential. These evidences, in line with those observed in mesenchymal stem cells isolated from old donors, suggest that senescence may represent a limit to mesenchymal stem cells exploitation in therapy, prompting scholars to either find alternative sources of pluripotent cells or to arrest the age-related transformation. In the present review, we summarize findings from recent literature, and critically discuss some of the major hurdles encountered in the search of appropriate sources of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as benefits arising from their use in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we provide some insights that may aid in the development of strategies to arrest or, at least, delay the aging of mesenchymal stem cells to improve their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Castorina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Rubina Marzagalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
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13512
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Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to explore the clinical outcomes of anatomical allograft or fibula shaft augmentation with locking compression plates (LCPs) in elderly patients with four-part proximal humeral fracture (PHF). Methods A total of 22 elderly patients with four-part PHF underwent allograft augmentation with LCPs for treatment. Among them, 7 cases received anatomical allograft and 15 patients received fibula shaft. Constant-Murley score (CMS), the disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score, and subjective ratings, radiographic imaging, range of motion (ROM), and complications were recorded as postoperative evaluations. Results Although the ROM and strength were considerably limited compared with the normal side, there were no significant differences in pain and daily activity between the unaffected and affected sides at the last follow-up according to the CMS. Additionally, no significant differences were found in the subjective ratings and CMS and DASH scores between the patients augmented with fibular shaft and anatomical allograft. Among the 15 patients who received fibular shaft, one case developed avascular necrosis (AVN) and screw cutout, but satisfactory outcomes were obtained after removal of implant. Besides, varus displacement occurred in one case, the patient acquired good function without revision. There were no infection, bone nonunion, and hardware-related complications occurred in any case. Conclusions Both anatomical allograft and fibula shaft with LCPs showed relatively good clinical outcomes for elderly patients with four-part PHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Xinran Ji
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Qun Zhang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Xiangdang Liang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Peifu Tang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
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13513
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Otto IA, Melchels FPW, Zhao X, Randolph MA, Kon M, Breugem CC, Malda J. Auricular reconstruction using biofabrication-based tissue engineering strategies. Biofabrication 2015. [PMID: 26200941 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/3/032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Auricular malformations, which impose a significant social and psychological burden, are currently treated using ear prostheses, synthetic implants or autologous implants derived from rib cartilage. Advances in the field of regenerative medicine and biofabrication provide the possibility to engineer functional cartilage with intricate architectures and complex shapes using patient-derived or donor cells. However, the development of a successful auricular cartilage implant still faces a number of challenges. These challenges include the generation of a functional biochemical matrix, the fabrication of a customized anatomical shape, and maintenance of that shape. Biofabrication technologies may have the potential to overcome these challenges due to their ability to reproducibly deposit multiple materials in complex geometries in a highly controllable manner. This topical review summarizes this potential of biofabrication technologies for the generation of implants for auricular reconstruction. In particular, it aims to discuss how biofabrication technologies, although still in pre-clinical phase, could overcome the challenges of generating and maintaining the desired auricular shapes. Finally, remaining bottlenecks and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Otto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands. Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13514
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases around the world. Medical, social, and financial consequences oblige clinicians, surgeons, and researchers to focus on finding the best treatment option, to eradicate and stop this degenerative joint disease, in order to avoid surgical options which in many instances are over-indicated. Noninvasive treatments, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, physiotherapy, orthotic devices, dietary supplements, have demonstrated lack of effectiveness. The possibility to perform intra-articular injections with hyaluronic acid, corticosteroids, or the newest but criticized treatment based on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has changed the management of OA disease. The use of PRP has led to many differences in treatment since there is a lack of consensus about protocols, indications, number of doses, cost-effectiveness, and duration of the treatment. Many publications have suggested efficacy in tendon injuries, but when PRP has been indicated to treat cartilage injuries, things are more inconsistent. Some authors have reported their experience treating OA with PRP, and it seems that, if well indicated, it is an option as a supplementary therapy. Therefore, we need to understand that OA is a mechanical disease which not only produces changes in radiographs, but also affects the quality of life. Pathogenesis of OA has been well explained, providing us new knowledge and future possibilities to improve the clinical approach. From basic science to surgery, there is a great field we all need to contribute to, because the general population is aging and total joint replacements should not be the only solution for OA. So herein is an actual review of the developments for treating OA with biologics, intended to be useful for the population inside orthopedics who could be called bio-orthopedists, since OA is a molecular homeostasis disbalance between catabolism and anabolism triggered by mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Martínez
- University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
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13515
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Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring plant polyphenol that has potential to attenuate osteoporosis with distinct pathologies. This review evaluates preclinical evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of RSV as a therapeutic bone agent using different rat models. Limitations of these animal models are discussed, and suggestions for strengthening the experimental design of future studies are provided. The ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis reported that RSV supplementation attenuated estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and trabecular structural deterioration. RSV safety was indicated by the absence of stimulation of estrogen-sensitive tissue. Providing RSV to rats aged >6 months attenuated age-related bone mass loss and structural deterioration but produced inconsistent effects on bones in rats aged <6 months. The hindlimb-suspension rat model of disuse osteoporosis reported that RSV attenuated bone loss in old rats, but higher doses and longer duration supplementation before mechanical loading were required for younger rats. Limitations common to studies using rat models of osteoporosis include requirements to include animals that are skeletally mature, longer study durations, and to adjust for potential confounding effects due to altered body weight and endocrine function. Strengthening experimental design can contribute to translation of animal results to clinically relevant recommendations for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C Tou
- Human Nutrition and Foods, Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
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13516
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Li F, Yin Z, Wu H, Qin Z, Li Z, Qiu Y. Section of the anterior cruciate ligament in the rabbit as animal model for osteoarthritis progression. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00264-015-2854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13517
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Lerner A, Matthias T. Rheumatoid arthritis-celiac disease relationship: joints get that gut feeling. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:1038-47. [PMID: 26190704 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and celiac disease (CD) belong to the autoimmune disease family. Despite being separate entities they share multiple aspects. Epidemiologically they share comparable incidence environmental influences, associated antibodies and a recent incidental surge. They differ in their HLA pre-dispositions and specific predictive and diagnostic biomarkers. At the clinical level, celiac disease exhibits extra-intestinal rheumatic manifestations and RA gastrointestinal ones. Small bowel pathology exists in rheumatic patients. A trend towards responsiveness to a gluten free diet has been observed, ameliorating celiac rheumatic manifestations, whereas dietary interventions for rheumatoid arthritis remain controversial. Pathophysiologically, both diseases are mediated by endogenous enzymes in the target organs. The infectious, dysbiotic and increased intestinal permeability theories, as drivers of the autoimmune cascade, apply to both diseases. Contrary to their specific HLA pre-disposition, the diseases share multiple non-HLA loci. Those genes are crucial for activation and regulation of adaptive and innate immunity. Recently, light was shed on the interaction between host genetics and microbiota composition in relation to CD and RA susceptibility, connecting bugs and us and autoimmunity. A better understanding of the above mentioned similarities in the gut-joint inter-relationship, may elucidate additional facets in the mosaic of autoimmunity, relating CD to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Lerner
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Carmel Medical Center, B. Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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13518
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Jiang C, Hu X, Wang L, Cheng H, Lin Y, Pang Y, Yuan W, Cheng T, Wang J. Excessive proliferation and impaired function of primitive hematopoietic cells in bone marrow due to senescence post chemotherapy in a T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia model. J Transl Med 2015; 13:234. [PMID: 26183432 PMCID: PMC4504405 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In clinic settings, rel apsed leukemic patients are found to be more fragile to chemotherapy due to delayed or incomplete hematopoietic recovery, and hematopoiesis of these patients seem to be impaired. METHODS We established a leukemia therapy model with a non-irradiated T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia mouse model combined with cytarabine and cyclophosphamide. Dynamic kinetics and functional status of both primitive hematopoietic cells and leukemic cells in a leukemia host under the chemotherapy stress were comprehensively investigated. RESULTS We successfully established the leukemia therapy model with T lymphoblastic phenotype. After treatment with cytarabine and cyclophosphamide, the frequency of L(-)K(+)S(+) hematopoietic cells tides with the therapy, and stabled when the disease remission, then reduced when relapsed, while leukemic cells showed a delayed but consistent regeneration. Combination of chemotherapy significantly promote an early and transient entrance of L(-)K(+)S(+) hematopoietic cells into active proliferation and induction of apoptosis on L(-)K(+)S(+) cells in vivo. Moreover, in the competitive bone marrow transplantation assays, hematopoietic cells showed gradually diminished regenerative capacity. Testing of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β gal) status showed higher levels in L(-)K(+)S(+) hematopoietic cells post therapy when compared with the control. Gene expression analysis of hematopoietic primitive cells revealed up-regulated p16, p21, and down-regulated egr1 and fos. CONCLUSION We conclude that primitive hematopoietic cells in bone marrow enter proliferation earlier than leukemic cells after chemotherapy, and gradually lost their regenerative capacity partly by senescence due to accelerated cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhe Jiang
- Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Libing Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yakun Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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13519
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Jain TK, Phulsunga RK, Basher RK, Kumar N, Bhattacharya A, Mittal BR. Diagnostic dilemma of degenerative joint disease, chronic avascular necrosis or metastasis in planar Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate planar skeletal scintigraphy excluded by single positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography. Indian J Nucl Med 2015; 30:288-9. [PMID: 26170582 PMCID: PMC4479928 DOI: 10.4103/0972-3919.158553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a 71-year-old male patient subjected to skeletal scintigraphy for metastasis work up of prostate cancer. Whole body planar images revealed a solitary focal tracer uptake in left femoral head mimicking as solitary metastatic focus. Single positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography images localized this increased tracer uptake to the subchondral cysts with minimal sclerosis in left femur head with no decrease in size of femur head and was reported as (degenerative joint disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Jain
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Phulsunga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajender Kumar Basher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Department of Radiotherapy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anish Bhattacharya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhagwant Rai Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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13520
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liu Y, Zhang Z, Liu S, Su X, Zhou S. Association between VEGF -634G/C polymorphism and osteonecrosis of the femoral head susceptibility: a meta analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:10979-10985. [PMID: 26379893 PMCID: PMC4565276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGF plays an important role in bone formation and repair. However, the effects of VEGF -634G/C polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) were not conclusive. Our research was aimed to further analyze the association of VEGF -634G/C polymorphism with ONFH risk. METHODS The relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Elsevier, EMBASE, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. And a total of 692 cases and 875 controls were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the correlation of VEGF -634G/C polymorphism and ONFH susceptibility. Chi-square based Q-statistic test was used to evaluate heterogeneity among the studies. The random-effects model or fixed-effects model was used depending on heterogeneity. RESULTS The sensitivity analysis and publication bias test indicated that our results were stable and credible. And the results suggested that VEGF -634G/C polymorphism was significantly related with increased risk for ONFH in Asian population (CC versus GG: OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.02-1.76). CONCLUSION The results indicated that VEGF -634G/C polymorphism might serve as genetic-susceptibility factor for ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 307 Hospital of PLABeijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- PLA Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing military general hospitalBeijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 307 Hospital of PLABeijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuyun Su
- Department of Orthopedics, 307 Hospital of PLABeijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiguo Zhou
- Statistics Room, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship HospitalBeijing, People’s Republic of China
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13521
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Li X, Wei W, Huynh H, Zuo H, Wang X, Wan Y. Nur77 prevents excessive osteoclastogenesis by inducing ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b to mediate NFATc1 self-limitation. eLife 2015; 4:e07217. [PMID: 26173181 PMCID: PMC4518709 DOI: 10.7554/elife.07217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells essential for skeletal remodeling. However, over-active osteoclasts can cause bone-degenerative disorders. Therefore, the level of NFATc1, the master transcription factor of osteoclast, must be tightly controlled. Although the activation and amplification of NFATc1 have been extensively studied, how NFATc1 signaling is eventually resolved is unclear. Here, we uncover a novel and critical role of the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 in mediating an NFATc1 self-limiting regulatory loop to prevent excessive osteoclastogenesis. Nur77 deletion leads to low bone mass owing to augmented osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Mechanistically, NFATc1 induces Nur77 expression at late stage of osteoclast differentiation; in turn, Nur77 transcriptionally up-regulates E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b, which triggers NFATc1 protein degradation. These findings not only identify Nur77 as a key player in osteoprotection and a new therapeutic target for bone diseases, but also elucidate a previously unrecognized NFATc1→Nur77→Cblb—•NFATc1 feedback mechanism that confers NFATc1 signaling autoresolution. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07217.001 Bones are constantly remodeled in response to the stresses of everyday life. Cells called osteoclasts break down old or damaged bone and cells called osteoblasts make new bone. In healthy bones, the work of these two types of cells is well balanced. But in bone-weakening diseases like osteoporosis and certain bone cancers this balance is disturbed and the osteoclasts become overly active, leading to weak and thin bones. Some drugs can help block the development of osteoclasts and help reduce bone loss in these diseases, but they may cause unwanted side effects. A better understanding of the processes that maintain a healthy balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts could help scientists develop better treatments with fewer side effects. Scientists have already learned that a protein called NFATc1 turns on the production of osteoclasts. But no one knew how NFATc1 is turned off in healthy bone to prevent the excessive growth of osteoclasts and too much bone turnover. Now, Li et al. have identified a protein called Nur77 as an important regulator of NFATc1 by examining genetically engineered mice that lack Nur77. These modified mice had more osteoclasts and thinner bones than normal mice. Further experiments used radiation to wipe out the bone marrow of normal mice, who then received bone marrow transplants from mice that lacked Nur77. After the transplant, the normal mice showed bone loss. When the experiment was reversed, and Nur77-lacking mice received bone marrow from normal mice, their bone loss was alleviated. This indicates that Nur77 acts in the bone marrow cells to control osteoclasts and skeletal health. Li et al. found that Nur77 cannot control the expression of the gene that encodes NFATc1 or directly bind to the NFATc1 protein. Instead, Nur77 increases the production of an enzyme that breaks down the NFATc1 protein. Unexpectedly, the experiments also found that NFATc1 turns on the expression of Nur77. This means that NFATc1 essentially regulates itself by increasing its own breakdown when NFATc1 levels increase. This helps to explain how osteoclast production is normally kept in check, and may suggest new strategies for treating bone diseases. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07217.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - HoangDinh Huynh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Hao Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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13522
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Chang CY, Torriani M, Huang AJ. Rock Climbing Injuries: Acute and Chronic Repetitive Trauma. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2015; 45:205-14. [PMID: 26360057 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rock climbing has increased in popularity as a sport, and specific injuries related to its practice are becoming more common. Chronic repetitive injuries are more common than acute injuries, although acute injuries tend to be more severe. We review both acute and chronic upper and lower extremity injuries. Understanding the injury pattern in rock climbers is important for accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Y Chang
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Martin Torriani
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ambrose J Huang
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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13523
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Naouli H, Jiber H, Bouarhroum A. False aneurysm of perforating branch of the deep femoral artery-Report of two cases. Int J Surg Case Rep 2015; 14:36-9. [PMID: 26217914 PMCID: PMC4573209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudoaneurysms of the deep femoral artery are uncommon and occur as a late complication of various traumas. Usually associated with femoral fractures, We report two cases of profunda femoris artery injury which presented as false aneurysm secondary to penetrating trauma. Because of its insidious onset, awareness and careful follow-up are the key issues for the early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Naouli
- Vascular Surgery Department , Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy , Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , UHC Hassan II Fez , Morocco..
| | - H Jiber
- Vascular Surgery Department , Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy , Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , UHC Hassan II Fez , Morocco
| | - A Bouarhroum
- Vascular Surgery Department , Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy , Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , UHC Hassan II Fez , Morocco
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13524
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Vasso M, Del Regno C, D'Amelio A, Schiavone Panni A. A modified Austin/chevron osteotomy for treatment of hallux valgus and hallux rigidus. J Orthop Traumatol 2015; 17:89-93. [PMID: 26156225 PMCID: PMC4805631 DOI: 10.1007/s10195-015-0366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this brief paper is to present the preliminary results of a modified Austin/chevron osteotomy for treatment of hallux valgus and hallux rigidus. In this procedure, the dorsal arm of the osteotomy is performed orthogonal to the horizontal plane of the first metatarsal, the main advantage being that this allows much easier and more accurate multiplanar correction of first metatarsal deformities. From 2010 to 2013, 184 consecutive patients with symptomatic hallux valgus and 48 patients with hallux rigidus without severe metatarsophalangeal joint degeneration underwent such modified chevron osteotomy. Mean patient age was 54.9 (range 21–70) years, and mean follow-up duration was 41.7 (range 24–56) months. Ninety-three percent of patients were satisfied with the surgery. Mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score improved from 56.6 preoperatively to 90.6 at last follow-up, and mean visual analog scale (VAS) pain score decreased from 5.7 preoperatively to 1.6 at final follow-up (p < 0.05). In patients treated for hallux valgus, mean hallux valgus angle decreased from 34.1° preoperatively to 6.2° at final follow-up, and mean intermetatarsal angle decreased from 18.5° preoperatively to 4.1° at final follow-up (p < 0.05). One patient developed postoperative transfer metatarsalgia, treated successfully with second-time percutaneous osteotomy of the minor metatarsals, whilst one patient had wound infection that resolved with systemic antibiotics. Level of evidence Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Vasso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Chiara Del Regno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Antonio D'Amelio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alfredo Schiavone Panni
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
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13525
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Baugé C, Boumédiene K. Use of Adult Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Current Status and Future Developments. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:438026. [PMID: 26246809 DOI: 10.1155/2015/438026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their low self-repair ability, cartilage defects that result from joint injury, aging, or osteoarthritis, are the most often irreversible and are a major cause of joint pain and chronic disability. So, in recent years, researchers and surgeons have been working hard to elaborate cartilage repair interventions for patients who suffer from cartilage damage. However, current methods do not perfectly restore hyaline cartilage and may lead to the apparition of fibro- or hypertrophic cartilage. In the next years, the development of new strategies using adult stem cells, in scaffolds, with supplementation of culture medium and/or culture in low oxygen tension should improve the quality of neoformed cartilage. Through these solutions, some of the latest technologies start to bring very promising results in repairing cartilage from traumatic injury or chondropathies. This review discusses the current knowledge about the use of adult stem cells in the context of cartilage tissue engineering and presents clinical trials in progress, as well as in the future, especially in the field of bioprinting stem cells.
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13526
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Abstract
In this study, the influence of internal fixation systems on radiation therapy for spinal tumor was investigated in order to derive a theoretical basis for adjustment of radiation dose for patients with spinal tumor and internal fixation. Based on a common method of internal fixation after resection of spinal tumor, different models of spinal internal fixation were constructed using the lumbar vertebra of fresh domestic pigs and titanium alloy as the internal fixation system. Variations in radiation dose in the vertebral body and partial spinal cord in different types of internal fixation were studied under the same radiation condition (6 MV and 600 mGy) in different fixation models and compared with those irradiated based on the treatment planning system (TPS). Our results showed that spinal internal fixation materials have great impact on the radiation dose absorbed by spinal tumors. Under the same radiation condition, the influence of anterior internal fixation material or combined anterior and posterior approach on radiation dose at the anterior border of the vertebral body was the greatest. Regardless of the kinds of internal fixation method employed, radiation dose at the anterior border of the vertebral body was significantly different from that at other positions. Notably, the influence of posterior internal fixation material on the anterior wall of the vertebral canal was the greatest. X‐ray attenuation and scattering should be taken into consideration for most patients with bone metastasis that receive fixation of metal implants. Further evaluation should then be conducted with modified TPS in order to minimize the potentially harmful effects of inappropriate radiation dose. PACS number: 87.55.D‐
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13527
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Abstract
Upper extremity stress fractures, which are relatively rare, have become increasingly common, with olecranon stress injuries representing a subset primarily affecting throwing athletes. Olecranon stress fractures have been classified to fit specific radiographic patterns, with most of these injuries typified by a fracture line. Only a handful of olecranon stress injury cases report magnetic resonance imaging findings of osseous edema within the olecranon, as in our case of a 17-year-old competitive overhand baseball pitcher with elbow pain. The patient was treated conservatively and had resolution of pain after 6 weeks of rest, followed by a 6-week throwing progression with full return to pitching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Novneet Sahu
- Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, Delaware
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13528
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Li Y, Liang W, Li X, Gao B, Gan H, Yin L, Shen J, Kang J, Ding S, Lin X, Liao L, Li C. Effect of serum from postmenopausal women with osteoporosis exhibiting the Kidney-Yang deficiency pattern on bone formation in an hFOB 1.19 human osteoblastic cell line. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1089-1095. [PMID: 26622445 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of the Kidney-Yang deficiency (KYD) pattern of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women of a certain age range by comparing the effect of serum from postmenopausal women with osteoporosis exhibiting the KYD pattern with that of serum from postmenopausal women without osteoporosis on bone formation in an hFOB 1.19 human osteoblastic cell line. A random selection of 30 female, postmenopausal volunteers aged 60-70 years, including 15 cases without osteoporosis and 15 cases with the KYD pattern of osteoporosis, were enrolled at the Physical Examination Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Venous blood was extracted and the serum was separated. The hFOB 1.19 cells were treated with 10% KYD pattern-serum or control serum from postmenopausal women of the same age range without osteoporosis. It was found that the KYD pattern-serum significantly decreased the cell viability, activity of alkaline phosphatase and number of calcified nodules, as well as downregulated the expression of osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and upregulated that of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in the hFOB 1.19 cells. In addition, the present results showed that the concentrations of estradiol (E2), OPG and insulin-like factor-1 (IGF-1) in the KYD pattern-serum were lower than those in the control serum. In combination, these findings suggest that the downregulation of E2, OPG and IGF-1 in the KYD pattern-serum inhibits the OPG/RANKL system, leading to a decrease in bone formation in the hFOB 1.19 cells. This indicates that the alterations in E2, OPG and IGF-1 may account for the susceptibility of certain postmenopausal women to the KYD pattern of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachan Li
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Wenna Liang
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xihai Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Bizhen Gao
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Gan
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Shen
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jie Kang
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Lin
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Linghong Liao
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Candong Li
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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13529
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Alvaro R, Pennini A, Zannetti EB, Cittadini N, Feola M, Rao C, D'Agostino F, Vellone E, Tarantino U. Bone care nurses and the evolution of the nurse's educational function: the Guardian Angel(®) research project. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab 2015; 12:43-6. [PMID: 26136795 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.1.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis mostly affects females over 50 years old, worldwide. The main osteoporosis complication is fragility fractures that reduce quality of life and cause morbidity and mortality. Most patients who have fragility fractures are treated for the fracture. However, patients' adherence to follow-up treatment plans is poor. Therefore, tailored educational interventions are needed to improve medication adherence and healthy lifestyles. In this context, the role of bone care nurses is important, as they can act at different levels of osteoporosis prevention and fracture liaison services, which are secondary fracture prevention programmes implemented by health care systems to treat osteoporotic patients. In Italy, a research project called Guardian Angel(®) was developed to provide tailored education to osteoporotic women in order to improve their disease management and reduce related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Alvaro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pennini
- PhD student in Nursing, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Noemi Cittadini
- PhD student in Nursing, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Feola
- Graduate School in Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Rao
- Graduate School in Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio D'Agostino
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
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13530
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de Oliveira FL, Gatto M, Bassi N, Luisetto R, Ghirardello A, Punzi L, Doria A. Galectin-3 in autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1019-28. [PMID: 26142116 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215593826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin, which regulates cell-cell and extracellular interactions during self/non-self-antigen recognition and cellular activation, proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. It plays a significant role in cellular and tissue pathophysiology by organizing niches that drive inflammation and immune responses. Gal-3 has some therapeutic potential in several diseases, including chronic inflammatory disorders, cancer and autoimmune diseases. Gal-3 exerts a broad spectrum of functions which differs according to its intra- or extracellular localization. Recombinant gal-3 strategy has been used to identify potential mode of action of gal-3; however, exogenous gal-3 may not reproduce the functions of the endogenous gal-3. Notably, gal-3 induces monocyte-macrophage differentiation, interferes with dendritic cell fate decision, regulates apoptosis on T lymphocytes and inhibits B-lymphocyte differentiation into immunoglobulin secreting plasma cells. Considering the influence of these cell populations in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, gal-3 seems to play a role in development of autoimmunity. Gal-3 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent in patients affected with some autoimmune disorders. However, the precise role of gal-3 in driving the inflammatory process in autoimmune or immune-mediated disorders remains elusive. Here, we reviewed the involvement of gal-3 in cellular and tissue events during autoimmune and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe L de Oliveira
- Coimbra Group Fellowship for Latin American Professors, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-902, Brazil Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Mariele Gatto
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Nicola Bassi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Roberto Luisetto
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Anna Ghirardello
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Leonardo Punzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
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13531
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Ortega-Peña S, Colín-Castro C, Hernández-Duran M, López-Jácome E, Franco-Cendejas R. [Microbiological characteristics and patterns of resistance in prosthetic joint infections in a referral hospital]. CIR CIR 2015; 83:371-7. [PMID: 26143043 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prosthetic joint infection is the most feared and catastrophic complication for cause severe physical damage to patients and, generates high economic costs. OBJECTIVES To describe the microbiological characteristics and to determine the resistance pattern in prosthetic joint infections in a reference hospital in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients whose prosthetic devices were withdrawn due to suspicion of septic and aseptic loosening were included. Cultures were performed to identify microorganisms and susceptibility analysis. RESULTS Of the 111 patients included, 55% were diagnosed with prosthetic joint infection, with the most frequent prosthesis being of the hip (43%). Positive cultures were obtained in 97% of the infected cases, of which 75% were monomicrobial infections. The most frequent bacterial species isolated were: Staphylococcus epidermidis (31%), Enterococcus faecalis (16%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%), and Escherichia coli (8%). The resistance patterns for the Staphylococcus genus were: oxacillin (79%), erythromycin (45%) and ciprofloxacin (37%). Enterococcus faecalis showed a high percentage of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin (86%), and fluoroquinolones (43%). The large majority (86%) of Escherichia coli were extended spectrum beta-lactamases positive, in addition to having high resistance to fluoroquinolones (86%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (86%) and gentamicin (72%). CONCLUSION The microbiological characteristics found in prosthetic joint infections vary according to the hospitals. In this series, a high proportion of coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Enterococcus spp. were found, as well as a high bacterial resistance.
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13532
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Horváthy DB, Vácz G, Toró I, Szabó T, May Z, Duarte M, Hornyák I, Szabó BT, Dobó-Nagy C, Doros A, Lacza Z. Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix in critical size cranial defects in rats: A 6-month follow-up study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1336-42. [PMID: 26138348 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The key drawback of using demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is its low initial mechanical stability due to the severe depletion of mineral content. In the present study, we investigated the long-term regeneration of DBM in a critical size bone defect model and investigated the remineralization after 6 months. Bone defects were created in the cranium of male Wistar rats which were filled with DBM or left empty as negative control. In vivo bone formation was monitored with computed tomography after 11, 19, and 26 weeks postoperatively. After 6 months, parietal bones were subjected to micro-CT. Mineral content was determined with spectrophotometric analysis. After 11 weeks the DBM-filled bone defects were completely closed, while empty defects were still open. Density of the DBM-treated group increased significantly while the controls remained unchanged. Quantitative analysis by micro-CT confirmed the in vivo results, bone volume/tissue volume was significantly lower in the controls than in the DBM group. The demineralization procedure depleted the key minerals of the bone to a very low level. Six months after implantation Ca, P, Na, Mg, Zn, and Cr contents were completely restored to the normal level, while K, Sr, and Mn were only partially restored. The remineralization process of DBM is largely complete by the 6th month after implantation in terms of bone density, structure, and key mineral levels. Although DBM does not provide sufficient sources for any of these minerals, it induces a faster and more complete regeneration process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1336-1342, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes B Horváthy
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Hungary. .,Department of Orthopedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gabriella Vácz
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Toró
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szabó
- Department of Interfaces and Surface Modification, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán May
- Department of Functional and Structural Materials, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - István Hornyák
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Bence T Szabó
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Dobó-Nagy
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Doros
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Lacza
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Hungary.,Department of Orthopedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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13533
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Vernazza-martin S, Longuet S, Damry T, Chamot JM, Dru V. When locomotion is used to interact with the environment: investigation of the link between emotions and the twofold goal-directed locomotion in humans. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:2913-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13534
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Thornley P, Evaniew N, Riediger M, Winemaker M, Bhandari M, Ghert M. Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. CMAJ Open 2015; 3:E338-43. [PMID: 26457293 PMCID: PMC4596117 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20150012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is currently the standard of care for patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty. We evaluated the evidence for this practice in the reduction of surgical-site infections. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to Aug. 15, 2014. We included all RCTs that compared postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with postoperative placebo or no treatment in patients undergoing primary total hip or knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. We combined outcomes for surgical-site infection using a random-effects model and quantified heterogeneity using the χ2 test and the I2 statistic. We assessed the overall quality of the evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS We identified 4 RCTs (n = 4036) that met the inclusion criteria. Surgical-site infections occurred in 3.1% (63/2055) of patients in the prophylaxis group and 2.3% (45/1981) in the control group. Postoperative prophylaxis did not reduce the rate of surgical-site infections compared with placebo (risk difference 0.01, 95% confidence interval 0.00 to 0.02; I2 = 26%). This result was robust to sensitivity testing for losses to follow-up. According to the GRADE approach, the overall quality of evidence was very low. INTERPRETATION The available evidence did not show efficacy of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical-site infections in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty. Multicentred RCTs are likely to have an important impact on the confidence in the effect estimate and to change the estimate itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Thornley
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Nathan Evaniew
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Michael Riediger
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Mitchell Winemaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Mohit Bhandari
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - Michelle Ghert
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Thornley), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine; Division of Orthopaedics (Evanview, Riediger, Winemaker, Bhandari, Ghert), Department of Surgery; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Bhandari), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
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13535
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Schwend RM, Schmidt JA, Reigrut JL, Blakemore LC, Akbarnia BA. Patterns of Rib Growth in the Human Child. Spine Deform 2015; 3:297-302. [PMID: 27927473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspd.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whereas there is substantial information on the changes of the rib cage during childhood and asymmetry of the thorax in children with scoliosis, there are virtually no normative data on the growth of individual ribs throughout childhood. METHODS The Hamann-Todd (HT) Osteological Collection provided the bones of 32 human specimens aged 1-18 years. A total of 6,226 individual photographs of all vertebral bodies and ribs were obtained from these specimens. Quantitative measurements were taken with image analysis software and the results of 2 of the measurements, the outer costal length (OCL) and the base diameter (BD), are presented here. RESULTS With the exception of the ribs at T12, both the OCL and BD showed linear, statistically significant growth with age for all ribs. The relationship of OCL and BD to each other within each rib was obtained by multiplying and dividing these 2 measurements. The BD × OCL product indicates that the ribs grow through coupled symmetry, by which ribs in the upper and lower thorax start at the same size and grow at the same rate within the pair; ribs 1 and 12, 2 and 11, and 3 and 10. Each rib pair grows at a significantly different rate from all other pairs. Measurements of BD and OCL from a specimen with scoliosis from the collection compared with these normative values were greatly different. The principle that ribs resemble a known geometric form, called the logarithmic spiral, is introduced. CONCLUSIONS This article is 1 of the first studies of the change in length and shape of normal ribs in an osteology collection of a wide age range of pediatric specimens. The data provide a framework for determining the difference between ribs from normal children and those with scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Schwend
- Division of Orthopaedics, University of Missouri Kansas City, University of Kansas, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
| | | | | | - Laurel C Blakemore
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, FL 32611-2727, USA
| | - Behrooz A Akbarnia
- University of California, 6190 Cornerstone CT, Ste 212, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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13536
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Operative treatment consisting of fracture reduction and fixation, or arthroplasty to permit early patient mobilization, continues to be the treatment of choice for most femoral neck fractures. Options for internal fixation have included a variety of implants; however most recent reports and textbooks cite parallel multiple cancellous screws as the surgical technique of choice. METHODS The study was prospective, randomized and IRB approved. Inclusion criteria included skeletal maturity, closed femoral neck fracture without concomitant fractures or injuries with complete charts and adequate radiographs obtained from the initial injury till the last follow-up. Forty-four patients were enrolled in this study during one-year period at two university centers. 22 were randomized to be treated with full threaded, cannulated compression screws (Acutrak 6/7, ACUMED) (Group 1) and the other 22 with 16mm partial threaded, 6.5mm or 7.3mm cannulated screws (SYNTHES) (Group 2). Three or four screws were used in both groups according to fracture type and surgeon's preference. Data evaluated included surgical time, fluoroscopy time, fracture type, radiological outcome, complications and functional status using the Harris Hip Score. RESULTS Both groups were comparable in terms of age and gender. There was not a significant difference in terms of surgical time, follow-up period, fracture type, or fluoroscopy time. There were eight complications in Group 1 and two in Group 2 (P=0.049) Time to union was significantly longer in Group 1 (P=0.001). However, Hip Scores were not significantly different in both groups (P=0.20). CONCLUSION When compared with full threaded compression screws, partial-threaded cannulated screws provides a shorter union time and less complication rate while providing equivalent functional results in adult femoral neck fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güvenir Okcu
- Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Nadir Özkayın
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Erkan
- Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - H Koray Tosyali
- Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Aktuğlu
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İzmir, Turkey
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13537
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Mylin AK, Goetze JP, Heickendorff L, Ahlberg L, Dahl IM, Abildgaard N, Gimsing P. N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide in serum associated with bone destruction in patients with multiple myeloma. Biomark Med 2015; 9:679-89. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To examine whether N-terminal proCNP concentrations in serum is associated with bone destruction in patients with multiple myeloma. Materials & methods: N-terminal proCNP and biochemical bone markers were measured in 153 patients. Radiographic bone disease and skeletal-related events were evaluated at specific time-points. Results: N-terminal proCNP concentrations increased with age. High N-terminal proCNP concentrations were associated with high-risk disease and renal impairment. Renal function explained 22% of the variation. N-terminal proCNP concentrations correlated with serum bone ALP and serum PINP, but lacked association with bone resorption markers, radiographic bone disease and skeletal-related events. Conclusion: Serum N-terminal proCNP are associated with bone formation activity in patients with multiple myeloma, but should be interpreted with caution in patients with renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Mylin
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens P Goetze
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Heickendorff
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lucia Ahlberg
- Division of Hematology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Inger Marie Dahl
- Section of Hematology, TromsøUniversity Hospital, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Niels Abildgaard
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Gimsing
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13538
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Abstract
Femoral bone loss is a complex problem in revision total hip arthroplasty. The Paprosky classification is used when determining the degree and location of bone loss. Meticulous operative planning is essential where severe bone loss is a concern. One must correctly identify the bone loss pattern, safely remove the existing components, and proceed with the proper reconstruction technique based on the pattern of bone loss. This article discusses the etiology and classification of bone loss, clinical and radiographic evaluation, components of effective preoperative planning, and clinical results of various treatment options with a focus on more severe bone loss patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil P Sheth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 800 Spruce Street, 8th Floor Preston Building, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Christopher M Melnic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market Street, 6th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Joshua C Rozell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market Street, 6th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wayne G Paprosky
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics, Rush University, 1655 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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13539
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Zhou J, Ma YH, Zhou Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Gao X. Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Epimedium Flavonoids in Osteoporosis Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1590-600. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.064386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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13540
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Abud-mendoza C. Consideraciones a las recomendaciones terapéuticas para la artritis reumatoide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 11:193-5. [PMID: 26099934 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13541
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Abstract
Tribocorrosion at the head–neck taper interface – so-called ‘taperosis’ – may be a source of metal ions and particulate debris in metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty (THA). We examined the effect of femoral head length on fretting and corrosion in retrieved head–neck tapers in vivo for a minimum of two years (mean 8.7 years; 2.6 to 15.9). A total of 56 femoral heads ranging from 28 mm to 3 mm to 28 mm + 8 mm, and 17 femoral stems featuring a single taper design were included in the study. Fretting and corrosion were scored in three horizontally oriented concentric zones of each taper by stereomicroscopy. Head length was observed to affect fretting (p = 0.03), with 28 mm + 8 mm femoral heads showing greater total fretting scores than all other head lengths. The central zone of the femoral head bore taper was subject to increased fretting damage (p = 0.01), regardless of head length or stem offset. High-offset femoral stems were associated with greater total fretting of the bore taper (p = 0.04). Increased fretting damage is seen with longer head lengths and high-offset femoral stems, and occurs within a central concentric zone of the femoral head bore taper. Further investigation is required to determine the effect of increased head size, and variations in head–neck taper design. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:911–16.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Del Balso
- London Health Sciences Centre, University
Hospital, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario
N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - M. G. Teeter
- Western University, 1151
Richmond Street, London, Ontario
N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - S. C. Tan
- London Health Sciences Centre, University
Hospital, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario
N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - B. A. Lanting
- London Health Sciences Centre, University
Hospital, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario
N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - J. L. Howard
- University Hospital, 339
Windermere Road, London, Ontario
N6A 5A5, Canada
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13542
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Muresanu DF, Sharma A, Lafuente JV, Patnaik R, Tian ZR, Nyberg F, Sharma HS. Nanowired Delivery of Growth Hormone Attenuates Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury and Enhances Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Concentration in the Plasma and the Spinal Cord. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:837-45. [PMID: 26126514 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies from our laboratory showed that topical application of growth hormone (GH) induced neuroprotection 5 h after spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model. Since nanodelivery of drugs exerts superior neuroprotective effects, a possibility exists that nanodelivery of GH will induce long-term neuroprotection after a focal SCI. SCI induces GH deficiency that is coupled with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) reduction in the plasma. Thus, an exogenous supplement of GH in SCI may enhance the IGF-1 levels in the cord and induce neuroprotection. In the present investigation, we delivered TiO2-nanowired growth hormone (NWGH) after a longitudinal incision of the right dorsal horn at the T10-11 segments in anesthetized rats and compared the results with normal GH therapy on IGF-1 and GH contents in the plasma and in the cord in relation to blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption, edema formation, and neuronal injuries. Our results showed a progressive decline in IGF-1 and GH contents in the plasma and the T9 and T12 segments of the cord 12 and 24 h after SCI. Marked increase in the BSCB breakdown, as revealed by extravasation of Evans blue and radioiodine, was seen at these time points after SCI in association with edema and neuronal injuries. Administration of NWGH markedly enhanced the IGF-1 levels and GH contents in plasma and cord after SCI, whereas normal GH was unable to enhance IGF-1 or GH levels 12 or 24 h after SCI. Interestingly, NWGH was also able to reduce BSCB disruption, edema formation, and neuronal injuries after trauma. On the other hand, normal GH was ineffective on these parameters at all time points examined. Taken together, our results are the first to demonstrate that NWGH is quite effective in enhancing IGF-1 and GH levels in the cord and plasma that may be crucial in reducing pathophysiology of SCI.
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13543
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D'Amelio P, Sassi F, Buondonno I, Spertino E, Tamone C, Piano S, Zugna D, Richiardi L, Isaia GC. Effect of intermittent PTH treatment on plasma glucose in osteoporosis: A randomized trial. Bone 2015; 76:177-84. [PMID: 25827255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of bone turnover on glucose homeostasis, fat distribution and adipokine production during anabolic treatment with PTH. This is a parallel, randomized controlled, open label, trial. The randomization was done by computer generated tables to allocate treatments. Forty-six postmenopausal osteoporotic non-diabetic women were assigned to treatment with calcium and colecalcipherol with (24) or without (22) PTH 1-84. Patients were recalled after 3, 6, 12 and 18 months of treatment and markers of bone turnover, glucose metabolism, adipokine secretion and fat distribution were analyzed. Markers of bone turnover and adipokines were measured by ELISA. Glucose metabolism was evaluated by an oral glucose load test and insulin resistance and secretion were calculated. Fat and lean mass were evaluated by anthropometric measures. The effect of treatment on measured variables was analyzed by repeated measure test, and its effect on glucose was also evaluated by mediation analysis after correction for possible confounders. Twenty patients in the calcium and vitamin D groups and 19 in the group treated with PTH 1-84 completed the study. There were no significance adverse events. Treatment with PTH increases osteocalcin, both total (OC) and undercarboxylated (uOC), and decreases blood glucose, without influence on insulin secretion, resistance and pancreatic β cell function. Treatment with PTH does not influence fat distribution and adipokine production. The results of the mediation analyses suggest a total effect of PTH on blood glucose, moderately mediated by OC and to a less extent by uOC. Here we suggest that treatment with PTH influences glucose metabolism partially through its effect on bone turnover, without influence on insulin secretion, resistance, pancreatic β cell function and fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D'Amelio
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Sassi
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Buondonno
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Spertino
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Tamone
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piano
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Zugna
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Italy
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13544
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Grip H, Tengman E, Häger CK. Dynamic knee stability estimated by finite helical axis methods during functional performance approximately twenty years after anterior cruciate ligament injury. J Biomech 2015; 48:1906-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13545
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Livingston K, Zurakowski D, Snyder B; Growing Spine Study Group, Childrenʼs Spine Study Group. Parasol Rib Deformity in Hypotonic Neuromuscular Scoliosis: A New Radiographical Definition and a Comparison of Short-term Treatment Outcomes With VEPTR and Growing Rods. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2015; 40:E780-6. [PMID: 26356068 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of 2 multicenter national databases, Growing Spine Study Group and Chest Wall and Spine Deformity. OBJECTIVE To derive an objective measure of parasol rib deformity from spine radiographs and to compare efficacy of rib-based (vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR)) versus spine-based growing rods ("GR") instrumentation to improve parasol rib deformity and pulmonary function. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Children with low tone neuromuscular scoliosis often develop collapse of the rib cage ("parasol rib deformity") that may be associated with poor pulmonary function. METHODS We compared patients with hypotonic neuromuscular scoliosis treated by VEPTR or GR with greater than 1 year follow-up. Preoperative and final spine radiographs were assessed for parasol rib collapse, spine asymmetry, and thoracic deformity. Multivariable analysis was performed on these measurements to identify the best descriptor of parasol rib deformity. Using this measurement, the ability of VEPTR versus GR to control parasol rib deformity was then compared. Assisted ventilation rating (AVR) at preoperative and final follow-up was compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS Twenty-three patients treated with VEPTR (average age 6.7 years, average f/u = 3.3 years) were compared with 22 patients treated with GR (average age 7.7 years, average f/u = 2.9 years). The equation Parasol Score = (T6 convex hemithoracic width/T6 concave hemithoracic width) × (T6 thoracic width/T12 thoracic width) was the most accurate descriptor rib collapse (AUC = 0.927). Parasol Score was correlated with AVR. Parasol Score did not change over time for the patients treated with GR, but had a tendency to worsen for patients treated with VEPTR. AVR did not change significantly in either group. Spine deformity was better corrected using GR. CONCLUSION Parasol rib deformity, measured on x-ray by the metric = (T6 width convex hemithorax/T6 width concave hemithorax)*(T6 thoracic width/T12 thoracic width), did not improve after treatment with VEPTR or GR. AVR did not change significantly in either group. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
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13546
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Angoorani H, Mazaherinezhad A, Marjomaki O, Younespour S. Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with platelet-rich plasma in comparison with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation plus exercise: a randomized clinical trial. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2015; 29:223. [PMID: 26478881 PMCID: PMC4606945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is a disabling musculoskeletal disease with no definite treatment. This study compared the effect of Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) plus exercise in the treatment of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis. METHODS 54 eligible patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated into two groups. (IRCT2012110611382N) Group A (27 patients) received 2 injections of PRP (4 weeks apart) and group B (27 patients) received 10 sessions of TENS as well as exercise during the study period. Clinical outcome was evaluated using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) questionnaire before the treatment, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after that the treatment. Pain was also assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Time to an intolerable knee pain during treadmill workout was also evaluated using an objective test. RESULTS In the PRP group, the mean KOOS symptom score improved significantly from baseline to the end of study, while the change was not significant over this period for the group B. In both groups, significant reductions were observed in VAS scores from baseline till the end of study. The mean time to feel intolerable knee pain during treadmill work out of PRP group increased significantly from baseline to week 4, but no significant changes were found in this parameter over the time of study in the group B. CONCLUSION Intraarticular injection of PRP is an effective, safe method for short-term treatment of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Angoorani
- 1 Assistant Professor of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Hazrat Rasool-e-Akram hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Mazaherinezhad
- 2 Assistant Professor of Sports Medicine, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,(Corresponding author) Assistant Professor of Sports Medicine, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Marjomaki
- 3 Resident of Sports Medicine, Hazrat Rasool-e-Akram hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shima Younespour
- 4 PhD Candidate in Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13547
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Drummond J, Tran P, Fary C. Metal-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasty: A Review of Adverse Reactions and Patient Management. J Funct Biomater 2015; 6:486-99. [PMID: 26132653 DOI: 10.3390/jfb6030486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent alarming joint registry data highlighting increased revision rates has prompted further research into the area of metal-on-metal hip replacements and resurfacings. This review article examines the latest literature on the topic of adverse reactions to metal debris and summarises the most up-to-date guidelines on patient management. Adverse reactions to metal debris can cause significant damage to soft tissue and bone if not diagnosed early. Furthermore, not every patient with an adverse reaction to metal debris will be symptomatic. As such, clinicians must remain vigilant when assessing and investigating these patients in order to detect failing implants and initiate appropriate management.
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13548
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Abstract
Autologous iliac crest bone graft is the preferred option for spinal fusion, but the morbidity associated with bone harvest and the need for graft augmentation in more demanding cases necessitates combining local bone with bone substitutes. The purpose of this study was to document the clinical effectiveness and safety of a novel hybrid biosynthetic scaffold material consisting of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA, 75:25) combined by lyophilization with unmodified high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (10-12% wt:wt) as an extender for a broad range of spinal fusion procedures. We retrospectively evaluated all patients undergoing single- and multi-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion at an academic medical center over a 3-year period. A total of 108 patients underwent 109 procedures (245 individual vertebral levels). Patient-related outcomes included pain measured on a Visual Analog Scale. Radiographic outcomes were assessed at 6 weeks, 3-6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Radiographic fusion or progression of fusion was documented in 221 of 236 index levels (93.6%) at a mean (±SD) time to fusion of 10.2+4.1 months. Single and multi-level fusions were not associated with significantly different success rates. Mean pain scores (+SD) for all patients improved from 6.8+2.5 at baseline to 3.6+2.9 at approximately 12 months. Improvements in VAS were greatest in patients undergoing one- or two-level fusion, with patients undergoing multi-level fusion demonstrating lesser but still statistically significant improvements. Overall, stable fusion was observed in 64.8% of vertebral levels; partial fusion was demonstrated in 28.8% of vertebral levels. Only 15 of 236 levels (6.4%) were non-fused at final follow-up
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13549
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Wang CH, Hou W, Yan M, Guo ZS, Wu Q, Bi L, Han YS. Effects of Artificial Ligaments with Different Porous Structures on the Migration of BMSCs. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:702381. [PMID: 26106429 DOI: 10.1155/2015/702381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate- (PET-) based artificial ligaments (PET-ALs) are commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. The effects of different porous structures on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on artificial ligaments and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, a cell migration model was utilized to observe the migration of BMSCs on PET-ALs with different porous structures. A rabbit extra-articular graft-to-bone healing model was applied to investigate the in vivo effects of four types of PET-ALs, and a mechanical test and histological observation were performed at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. The BMSC migration area of the 5A group was significantly larger than that of the other three groups. The migration of BMSCs in the 5A group was abolished by blocking the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway with Y27632. The in vivo study demonstrated that implantation of 5A significantly improved osseointegration. Our study explicitly demonstrates that the migration ability of BMSCs can be regulated by varying the porous structures of the artificial ligaments and suggests that this regulation is related to the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Artificial ligaments prepared using a proper knitting method and line density may exhibit improved biocompatibility and clinical performance.
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13550
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Lion A, van der Zwaard BC, Remillieux S, Perrin PP, Buatois S. Risk factors of hand climbing-related injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 26:739-44. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lion
- Sports Medicine Research Laboratory; Luxembourg Institute of Health; Luxembourg Luxembourg
- EA 3450 DevAH - Développement; Adaptation et Handicap - Faculté de Médecine et UFR STAPS; Université de Lorraine; Nancy France
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Posture; de l'Equilibration et de la Motricité (LAPEM); CHU de Nancy; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - B. C. van der Zwaard
- EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research; Department of general practice and elderly care medicine; VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - P. P. Perrin
- EA 3450 DevAH - Développement; Adaptation et Handicap - Faculté de Médecine et UFR STAPS; Université de Lorraine; Nancy France
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Posture; de l'Equilibration et de la Motricité (LAPEM); CHU de Nancy; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - S. Buatois
- EA 3450 DevAH - Développement; Adaptation et Handicap - Faculté de Médecine et UFR STAPS; Université de Lorraine; Nancy France
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Posture; de l'Equilibration et de la Motricité (LAPEM); CHU de Nancy; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
- Institut Lorrain de Formation en Masso-Kinésithérapie (ILFMK) de Nancy; Nancy France
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