101
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Sakata Y, Nakamura R, Hibi T, Akine S. Speed Tuning of the Formation/Dissociation of a Metallorotaxane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217048. [PMID: 36628483 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Switching between the formation/dissociation of rotaxanes is important to control the function of various types of rotaxane-based materials. We have developed a convenient and simple strategy, the so-called "accelerator addition", to make a static rotaxane dynamic without apparently affecting the chemical structure. As an interlocked molecule that enables tuning of the formation/dissociation speed, a metallorotaxane was quantitatively generated by the complexation of a triptycene-based dumbbell-shaped mononuclear complex, [PdL2 ]2+ (L=2,3-diaminotriptycene), with 27C9. As a result of the inertness of the Pd2+ -based coordination structure, the metallorotaxane was slowly formed (the static state). This rotaxane formation was accelerated 27 times simply by adding Br- as an accelerator (the dynamic state). A similar drastic acceleration was also demonstrated during the dissociation process when Cs+ was added to the metallorotaxane to form the free axle [PdL2 ]2+ and the 27C9-Cs+ complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Sakata
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Hibi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Akine
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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102
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Khang TM, Nhien PQ, Cuc TTK, Weng CC, Wu CH, Wu JI, Hue BTB, Li YK, Lin HC. Dual and Sequential Locked/Unlocked Photochromic Effects on FRET Controlled Singlet Oxygen Processes by Contracted/Extended Forms of Diarylethene-Based [1]Rotaxane Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205597. [PMID: 36504441 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Manipulations of singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) generations by the integration of both aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) photosensitizer and photochromic moieties have diversified features in photodynamic therapy applications. Through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) pathway to induce red PL emissions (at 595 nm) for 1 O2 productions, [1]rotaxane containing photosensitive tetraphenylethylene (TPE) donor and photochromic diarylethene (DAE) acceptor is introduced to achieve dual and sequential locked/unlocked photoswitching effects by pH-controlled shuttling of its contracted/extended forms. Interestingly, the UV-enabled DAE ring closure speeds follow the reversed trend of DAE self-constraint degree as: contracted < extended < noninterlocked forms in [1]rotaxane analogues, thus FRET processes can be adjusted in contracted/extended forms of [1]rotaxane upon UV irradiations. Accordingly, the contracted form of [1]rotaxane is FRET-OFF locked and inert to UV exposure due to the larger bending conformation of DAE parallel (p-)conformer, compared with its extended and noninterlocked analogues possessing switchable FRET-OFF/ON behaviors activated by dual and sequential pH- and photoswitching. Owing to the advantages of 1 O2 productions tuned by multistimuli inputs (pH, UV, and blue light), an useful logic circuit for toxicity outputs of the surface modified [1]rotaxane nanoparticles (NPs) has been demonstrated to offer promising 1 O2 productions and managements based on mechanically interlocked molecules for future bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Manh Khang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Pham Quoc Nhien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Viet Nam
| | - Tu Thi Kim Cuc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ching Weng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Viet Nam
| | - Yaw-Kuen Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
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103
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Hou XF, Chen XM, Bisoyi HK, Qi Q, Xu T, Chen D, Li Q. Light-Driven Aqueous Dissipative Pseudorotaxanes with Tunable Fluorescence Enabling Deformable Nano-Assemblies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:11004-11015. [PMID: 36802465 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing an artificial dynamic nanoscale molecular machine that dissipatively self-assembles far from equilibrium is fundamentally important but is significantly challenging. Herein, we report dissipatively self-assembling light-activated convertible pseudorotaxanes (PRs) that show tunable fluorescence and enable deformable nano-assemblies. A pyridinium-conjugated sulfonato-merocyanine derivative (EPMEH) and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) form the 2EPMEH ⊂ CB[8] [3]PR in a 2:1 stoichiometry, which phototransforms into a transient spiropyran containing 1:1 EPSP ⊂ CB[8] [2]PR when exposed to light. The transient [2]PR thermally relaxes (reversibly) to the [3]PR in the dark accompanied by periodic fluorescence changes that include near-infrared emission. Moreover, octahedral and spherical nanoparticles are formed through the dissipative self-assembly of the two PRs, and the Golgi apparatus is dynamically imaged using fluorescent dissipative nano-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Hou
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Qi Qi
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Tianchi Xu
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongzhong Chen
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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104
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Srivastava G, Štacko P, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Edalatmanesh S, Kistemaker JCM, Heideman GH, Zoppi L, Parschau M, Feringa BL, Ernst KH. Driving a Third Generation Molecular Motor with Electrons Across a Surface. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3931-3938. [PMID: 36794964 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excitation of single molecules with electrons tunneling between a sharp metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope and a metal surface is one way to study and control dynamics of molecules on surfaces. Electron tunneling induced dynamics may lead to hopping, rotation, molecular switching, or chemical reactions. Molecular motors that convert rotation of subgroups into lateral movement on a surface can in principle also be driven by tunneling electrons. For such surface-bound motor molecules the efficiency of motor action with respect to electron dose is still not known. Here, the response of a molecular motor containing two rotor units in the form of overcrowded alkene groups to inelastic electron tunneling has been examined on a Cu(111) surface in ultrahigh vacuum at 5 K. Upon vibrational excitation, switching between different molecular conformations is observed, including conversion of enantiomeric states of chiral conformations. Tunneling at energies in the range of electronic excitations causes activation of motor action and movement across the surface. The expected unidirectional rotation of the two rotor units causes forward movements but with a low degree of translational directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitika Srivastava
- Molecular Surface Science and Coating Technology Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Peter Štacko
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jesús I Mendieta-Moreno
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jos C M Kistemaker
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - G Henrieke Heideman
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Laura Zoppi
- Molecular Surface Science and Coating Technology Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Parschau
- Molecular Surface Science and Coating Technology Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science and Coating Technology Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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105
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Schied M, Prezzi D, Liu D, Kowarik S, Jacobson PA, Corni S, Tour JM, Grill L. Chirality-Specific Unidirectional Rotation of Molecular Motors on Cu(111). ACS NANO 2023; 17:3958-3965. [PMID: 36757212 PMCID: PMC9979643 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Molecular motors have chemical properties that enable unidirectional motion, thus breaking microscopic reversibility. They are well studied in solution, but much less is known regarding their behavior on solid surfaces. Here, single motor molecules adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface are excited by voltages pulses from an STM tip, which leads to their rotation around a fixed pivot point. Comparison with calculations shows that this axis results from a chemical bond of a sulfur atom in the chemical structure and a metal atom of the surface. While statistics show approximately equal rotations in both directions, clockwise and anticlockwise, a detailed study reveals that these motions are enantiomer-specific. Hence, the rotation direction of each individual molecule depends on its chirality, which can be determined from STM images. At first glance, these dynamics could be assigned to the activation of the motor molecule, but our results show that this is unlikely as the molecule remains in the same conformation after rotation. Additionally, a control molecule, although it lacks unidirectional rotation in solution, also shows unidirectional rotation for each enantiomer. Hence, it seems that the unidirectional rotation is not specifically related to the motor property of the molecule. The calculated energy barriers for motion show that the propeller-like motor activity requires higher energy than the simple rotation of the molecule as a rigid object, which is therefore preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schied
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah Prezzi
- Nanoscience
Institute of the National Research Council (CNR-NANO), via G. Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Departments
of Chemistry and Materials Science and NanoEngineering, the Smalley
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, the Welch Institute
for Advanced Materials and the NanoCarbon Laboratory, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stefan Kowarik
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter A. Jacobson
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefano Corni
- Nanoscience
Institute of the National Research Council (CNR-NANO), via G. Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, Padova I-35131, Italy
| | - James M. Tour
- Departments
of Chemistry and Materials Science and NanoEngineering, the Smalley
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, the Welch Institute
for Advanced Materials and the NanoCarbon Laboratory, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Leonhard Grill
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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106
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Wang W, Wu W, Su P. Radical Pairing Interactions and Donor-Acceptor Interactions in Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) Inclusion Complexes. Molecules 2023; 28:2057. [PMID: 36903306 PMCID: PMC10004262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding molecular interactions in mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) is challenging because they can be either donor-acceptor interactions or radical pairing interactions, depending on the charge states and multiplicities in the different components of the MIMs. In this work, for the first time, the interactions between cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (abbreviated as CBPQTn+ (n = 0-4)) and a series of recognition units (RUs) were investigated using the energy decomposition analysis approach (EDA). These RUs include bipyridinium radical cation (BIPY•+), naphthalene-1,8:4,5-bis(dicarboximide) radical anion (NDI•-), their oxidized states (BIPY2+ and NDI), neutral electron-rich tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and neutral bis-dithiazolyl radical (BTA•). The results of generalized Kohn-Sham energy decomposition analysis (GKS-EDA) reveal that for the CBPQTn+···RU interactions, correlation/dispersion terms always have large contributions, while electrostatic and desolvation terms are sensitive to the variation in charge states in CBPQTn+ and RU. For all the CBPQTn+···RU interactions, desolvation terms always tend to overcome the repulsive electrostatic interactions between the CBPQT cation and RU cation. Electrostatic interaction is important when RU has the negative charge. Moreover, the different physical origins of donor-acceptor interactions and radical pairing interactions are compared and discussed. Compared to donor-acceptor interactions, in radical pairing interactions, the polarization term is always small, while the correlation/dispersion term is important. With regard to donor-acceptor interactions, in some cases, polarization terms could be quite large due to the electron transfer between the CBPQT ring and RU, which responds to the large geometrical relaxation of the whole systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peifeng Su
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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107
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Liu JX, Chen K, Redshaw C. Stimuli-responsive mechanically interlocked molecules constructed from cucurbit[ n]uril homologues and derivatives. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1428-1455. [PMID: 36728265 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00785a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]uril supramolecular chemistry has developed rapidly since 2001 when different cucurbit[n]uril homologues (Q[n]) were successfully separated in pure form. The combination of Q[n] cavity size and various types of external stimuli has given birth to numerous types of Q[n]-based mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), including (pseudo)rotaxanes, catenanes, dendrimers and poly(pseudo)rotaxanes. In this review article, the important advances in the field of Q[n]-based MIMs over the past two decades are highlighted. This review also describes examples of heterowheel (pseudo)rotaxanes and poly(pseudo)rotaxanes involving Q[n]s, and reflects on the opportunities and challenges of constructing Q[n]-based stimuli-responsive MIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, P. R. China.
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
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108
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David AHG, Goodwin RJ, White NG. Supramolecular chemistry of two new bis(1,2,3-triazolyl)pyridine macrocycles: metal complexation, self-assembly and anion binding. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1902-1912. [PMID: 36722436 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03985k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Two new macrocycles containing the bis(1,2,3-triazolyl)pyridine (btp) motif were prepared in high yields from a btp diazide precursor (1). Solution 1H NMR studies show that this diazide undergoes self-assembly with divalent transition metal ions to form ML2 complexes with pendant azide groups, apparently suitable for conversion into metal-templated catenanes; however attempts to form these catenanes were unsuccessful. Instead a new macrocycle containing two btp motifs was prepared, which forms a nanotube structure in the solid state. Reduction of the azide groups to amines followed by amide bond formation was used to convert 1 into macrocycle 8 containing btp and isophthalamide functionalities. This macrocycle binds halide and oxalate anions in acetonitrile solely through the isophthalamide motif, and binds aromatic dicarboxylates very strongly through both the isophthalamide amide donors and the btp triazole donors. The macrocycle was complexed with Pd(II) and the resulting complexes were shown to bind strongly to halide anions. The solid state structures of [Pd·8·X]BF4 (X = Cl-, Br-, I-) were investigated by X-ray crystallography, which showed that [Pd·8·Br] forms an unusual "chain of dimers" structure assembled by metal complexation, N-H⋯Br- hydrogen bonding and short Pd⋯Pd contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur H G David
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. .,Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Rosemary J Goodwin
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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109
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Ayme JF, Bruchmann B, Karmazin L, Kyritsakas N. Transient self-assembly of metal-organic complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1244-1251. [PMID: 36756320 PMCID: PMC9891378 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06374c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing transient processes in networks of dynamic molecules holds great promise for developing new functional behaviours. Here we report that trichloroacetic acid can be used to temporarily rearrange networks of dynamic imine-based metal complexes towards new equilibrium states, forcing them to express complexes otherwise unfavourable in their initial equilibrium states. Basic design principles were determined for the creation of such networks. Where a complex distribution of products was obtained in the initial equilibrium state of the system, the transient rearrangement temporarily yielded a simplified output, forcing a more structured distribution of products. Where a single complex was obtained in the initial equilibrium state of the system, the transient rearrangement temporarily modified the properties of this complex. By doing so, the mechanical properties of an helical macrocyclic complex could be temporarily altered by rearranging it into a [2]catenane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Ayme
- BASF SE, Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) Carl-Bosch Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Bernd Bruchmann
- BASF SE, Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) Carl-Bosch Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de chimie Le Bel FR2010, Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg France
| | - Nathalie Kyritsakas
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de chimie Le Bel FR2010, Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg France
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110
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Han H, Seale JSW, Feng L, Qiu Y, Stoddart JF. Sequence‐controlled synthesis of rotaxanes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA
| | - James S. W. Seale
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou China
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111
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Omoto K, Shi M, Yasuhara K, Kammerer C, Rapenne G. Extended Tripodal Hydrotris(indazol-1-yl)borate Ligands as Ruthenium-Supported Cogwheels for On-Surface Gearing Motions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203483. [PMID: 36695199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis of ruthenium-based molecular gear prototypes composed of a brominated or non-brominated pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl ligand as an anchoring unit and a tripodal ligand with aryl-functionalized indazoles as a rotating cogwheel. Single crystal structures of the ruthenium complexes revealed that the appended aryl groups increase the apparent diameter of the cogwheel rendering them larger than the diameter of the anchoring units and consequently making them suitable for intermolecular gearing motions once the complexes will be adsorbed on a surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Omoto
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Menghua Shi
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.,Center for Digital Green-innovation, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Claire Kammerer
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.,CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
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112
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Kozlenko AS, Ozhogin IV, Pugachev AD, Lukyanova MB, El-Sewify IM, Lukyanov BS. A Modern Look at Spiropyrans: From Single Molecules to Smart Materials. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:8. [PMID: 36624333 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic compounds of the spiropyran family have two main isomers capable of inter-switching with UV or visible light. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis, investigation of properties, and applications of spiropyran derivatives. Spiropyrans of the indoline series are in focus as the most promising representatives of multi-sensitive spirocyclic compounds, which can be switched by a number of external stimuli, including light, temperature, pH, presence of metal ions, and mechanical stress. Particular attention is paid to the structural features of molecules, their influence on photochromic properties, and the reactions taking place during isomerization, as the understanding of the structure-property relationships will rationalize the synthesis of compounds with predetermined characteristics. The main prospects for applications of spiropyrans in such fields as smart material production, molecular electronics and nanomachinery, sensing of environmental and biological molecules, and photopharmacology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Kozlenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Artem D Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Maria B Lukyanova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Islam M El-Sewify
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
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113
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Synthesis and structural characterization of new spiropyran containing conjugated vinyl-3Н-indolium moiety and its hydrolysis product. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-023-03147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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114
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Khang TM, Nhien PQ, Cuc TTK, Wu CH, Hue BTB, Wu JI, Li YK, Lin HC. Dual and sequential locked/unlocked photo-switching effects on FRET processes by tightened/loosened nano-loops of diarylethene-based [1]rotaxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:466-469. [PMID: 36519452 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06285b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The self-trapping nano-loop structures of [1]rotaxanes exhibited multiple Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) patterns via dual and sequential locking/unlocking of pH-gated and UV exposure processes. As a tightened and constrained nano-loop in the acidic condition, dithienylethene (DTE) unit was locked in the highly bending open form to forbid ring closure upon UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Manh Khang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Pham Quoc Nhien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Tu Thi Kim Cuc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Yaw-Kuen Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.,Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. .,Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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115
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Chen X, Chen H, Fraser Stoddart J. The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211387. [PMID: 36131604 PMCID: PMC10099103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), also known as the little blue box, constitutes a modular receptor that has facilitated the discovery of many host-guest complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules during the past 35 years. Its versatility in binding small π-donors in its tetracationic state, as well as forming trisradical tricationic complexes with viologen radical cations in its doubly reduced bisradical dicationic state, renders it valuable for the construction of various stimuli-responsive materials. Since the first reports in 1988, the little blue box has been featured in over 500 publications in the literature. All this research activity would not have been possible without the seminal contributions carried out by Siegfried Hünig, who not only pioneered the syntheses of viologen-containing cyclophanes, but also revealed their rich redox chemistry in addition to their ability to undergo intramolecular π-dimerization. This Review describes how his pioneering research led to the design and synthesis of the little blue box, and how this redox-active host evolved into the key component of molecular shuttles, switches, and machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yang Chen
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
- School of ChemistryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
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116
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Lim KT, Abd-Elsalam KA. Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics in Integrative Biology and Biomedicine: A Note from the Editors. NANOROBOTICS AND NANODIAGNOSTICS IN INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE 2023:1-13. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16084-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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117
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Zhang L, Qiu Y, Liu WG, Chen H, Shen D, Song B, Cai K, Wu H, Jiao Y, Feng Y, Seale JSW, Pezzato C, Tian J, Tan Y, Chen XY, Guo QH, Stern CL, Philp D, Astumian RD, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. An electric molecular motor. Nature 2023; 613:280-286. [PMID: 36631649 PMCID: PMC9834048 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic electric motors continue to have a large impact on almost every aspect of modern society. Consequently, the effort towards developing molecular motors1-3 that can be driven by electricity could not be more timely. Here we describe an electric molecular motor based on a [3]catenane4,5, in which two cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene)6 (CBPQT4+) rings are powered by electricity in solution to circumrotate unidirectionally around a 50-membered loop. The constitution of the loop ensures that both rings undergo highly (85%) unidirectional movement under the guidance of a flashing energy ratchet7,8, whereas the interactions between the two rings give rise to a two-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) similar to that shown by FOF1 ATP synthase9. The unidirectionality is powered by an oscillating10 voltage11,12 or external modulation of the redox potential13. Initially, we focused our attention on the homologous [2]catenane, only to find that the kinetic asymmetry was insufficient to support unidirectional movement of the sole ring. Accordingly, we incorporated a second CBPQT4+ ring to provide further symmetry breaking by interactions between the two mobile rings. This demonstration of electrically driven continual circumrotatory motion of two rings around a loop in a [3]catenane is free from the production of waste products and represents an important step towards surface-bound14 electric molecular motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengke Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kang Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - James S W Seale
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Cristian Pezzato
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jia Tian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Qing-Hui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Douglas Philp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
| | - R Dean Astumian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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118
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Saura-Sanmartin A, Nicolas-Garcia T, Pastor A, Quiñonero D, Alajarin M, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J. Control of the assembly of a cyclic hetero[4]pseudorotaxane from a self-complementary [2]rotaxane. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4143-4151. [PMID: 37063802 PMCID: PMC10094293 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00886j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-association of a ditopic [2]rotaxane with two macrocycles mainly leads to a [4]pseudorotaxane which can be reversibly disassembled by adding competitive binders, varying the solvent polarity and changing a binding site affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Tomas Nicolas-Garcia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - David Quiñonero
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de las Islas Baleares Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5 E-07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares) Spain
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
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119
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Ariga K. Molecular Machines and Microrobots: Nanoarchitectonics Developments and On-Water Performances. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:mi14010025. [PMID: 36677086 PMCID: PMC9860627 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This review will focus on micromachines and microrobots, which are objects at the micro-level with similar machine functions, as well as nano-level objects such as molecular machines and nanomachines. The paper will initially review recent examples of molecular machines and microrobots that are not limited to interfaces, noting the diversity of their functions. Next, examples of molecular machines and micromachines/micro-robots functioning at the air-water interface will be discussed. The behaviors of molecular machines are influenced significantly by the specific characteristics of the air-water interface. By placing molecular machines at the air-water interface, the scientific horizon and depth of molecular machine research will increase dramatically. On the other hand, for microrobotics, more practical and advanced systems have been reported, such as the development of microrobots and microswimmers for environmental remediations and biomedical applications. The research currently being conducted on the surface of water may provide significant basic knowledge for future practical uses of molecular machines and microrobots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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120
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Zhou JL, Li YH, Zhang YM, Chen L, Liu Y. Enhanced molecular binding affinity toward aromatic dications by anthracene-derived crown ethers in water. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 21:107-114. [PMID: 36484413 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02010f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pursuit of high molecular binding affinity using conventional crown ethers in water remains a challenging task in the field of supramolecular chemistry and may hold great promise in the creation of advanced biocompatible nanoconstructs. In this work, the molecular binding strength toward a series of structurally relevant cationic guests has been greatly enhanced by tetrasulfonated 1,5-dianthracenyl-42-crown-10 and as investigated by means of 1H NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy, the host-guest association constants can reach up to 108 M-1 order of magnitude in aqueous solution. X-ray crystal diffraction analysis further demonstrates that the aromatic dication can be tightly encapsulated in the ring of anthracene-derived crown ether via multiple π-stacking and electrostatic interactions. Meanwhile, the obtained association constants are remarkably higher than the ones in the cases of the known benzene- and naphthalene-derived sulfonated crown ethers, substantiating that the appropriate extension of π-conjugation in the molecular skeleton of crown ether is a feasible method in attaining a highly affiliative host-guest complex. Taken together, our results indicate that the anthracene-based sulfonated crown ether can be developed as a new family of water-soluble macrocyclic receptors in the fabrication of functional nanoarchitectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Liang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Ming Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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121
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Hu J, Adrouche S, Gauthier ES, Le Breton N, Cecchini M, Gourlaouen C, Choua S, Heitz V, Jacquot de Rouville H. Dual-Readout of the Mechanical Response of a Bis-acridinium [2]Rotaxane. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202840. [PMID: 36305314 PMCID: PMC10100127 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A [2]rotaxane built around a multi-responsive bis-acridinium macrocycle has been synthesized. Structural investigation has confirmed the interlocked nature of the molecule, and MD simulations illuminated its conformational dynamics with atomic resolution. Both halochromic and redox-switching properties were explored to shed light on the mechanical response and electronic changes that occur in the bis-acridinium [2]rotaxane. The topology of the rotaxane led to different mechanical behaviors upon addition of hydroxide ions or reduction that were easily detected by UV/Vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Hu
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Sonia Adrouche
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Etienne S. Gauthier
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Nolwenn Le Breton
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Sylvie Choua
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Institut de Chimie de StrasbourgLSAMMPOMAM, LCQ and IFM Research Groups CNRS UMR 71774, rue Blaise Pascal67000StrasbourgFrance
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122
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Jiao Y, Mao H, Qiu Y, Wu G, Chen H, Zhang L, Han H, Li X, Zhao X, Tang C, Chen XY, Feng Y, Stern CL, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Mechanical Bond-Assisted Full-Spectrum Investigation of Radical Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23168-23178. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haochuan Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Han Han
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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123
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Chan MHY, Yam VWW. Toward the Design and Construction of Supramolecular Functional Molecular Materials Based on Metal–Metal Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22805-22825. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ho-Yeung Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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124
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Taimoory SM, Yu X, Beyeh NK, Nasri S, Trant JF. Divalent Benzimidazolium-Based Axles for Self-Reporting Pseudorotaxanes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15783-15795. [PMID: 36377941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and (bis)benzimidazoliums were evaluated both experimentally and computationally for their potential as pseudopolyrotaxane axle building blocks. Their aggregation and photophysical behavior, along with their potential to form a [2]pseudorotaxane with dibenzyl-24-crown-8, was studied through the synergistic application of 1D/2D and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory. Their photophysical behavior was measured and modeled as a function of protonation state, solvent, and concentration. The axles show strong solvochromaticism and a very pronounced concentration-dependent optical profile, including self-quenching when a pseudorotaxane is formed. This axle with multiple recognition sites has the potential to form pseudorotaxanes with tunable optical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., 2006B, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| | - Sarah Nasri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - John F Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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125
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Nayak MK, Sarkar P, Elvers BJ, Mehta S, Zhang F, Chrysochos N, Krummenacher I, Vijayakanth T, Narayanan RS, Dolai R, Roy B, Malik V, Rawat H, Mondal A, Boomishankar R, Pati SK, Braunschweig H, Schulzke C, Ravat P, Jana A. A bis-NHC-CAAC dimer derived dicationic diradical. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12533-12539. [PMID: 36382295 PMCID: PMC9629079 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The isolation of carbon-centered diradicals is always challenging due to synthetic difficulties and their limited stability. Herein we report the synthesis of a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene bridged bis-NHC-CAAC dimer derived thermally stable dicationic diradical. The diradical character of this compound was confirmed by EPR spectroscopy. The variable temperature EPR study suggests the singlet state to be marginally more stable than the triplet state (2J = -5.5 cm-1 (ΔE ST = 0.065 kJ mol-1)). The presence of the trans-1,4-cyclohexylene bridge is instrumental for the successful isolation of this dicationic diradical. Notably, in the case of ethylene or propylene bridged bis-NHC-CAAC dimers, the corresponding dicationic diradicals are transient and rearrange to hydrogen abstracted products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pallavi Sarkar
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore-560064 India
| | - Benedict J Elvers
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4 D-17489, Greifswald Germany
| | - Sakshi Mehta
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Nicolas Chrysochos
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thangavel Vijayakanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | | | - Ramapada Dolai
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
| | - Biswarup Roy
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
| | - Vishal Malik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
| | - Hemant Rawat
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
| | - Abhishake Mondal
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Swapan K Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore-560064 India
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4 D-17489, Greifswald Germany
| | - Prince Ravat
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally Hyderabad-500107 India
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126
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The synthesis and near-infrared photothermal conversion of organometallic interdigitated complex and “U” type macrocycles. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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127
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Schnitzer T, Preuss MD, van Basten J, Schoenmakers SMC, Spiering AJH, Vantomme G, Meijer EW. How Subtle Changes Can Make a Difference: Reproducibility in Complex Supramolecular Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206738. [PMID: 36062929 PMCID: PMC9825988 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The desire to construct complex molecular systems is driven by the need for technological (r)evolution and our intrinsic curiosity to comprehend the origin of life. Supramolecular chemists tackle this challenge by combining covalent and noncovalent reactions leading to multicomponent systems with emerging complexity. However, this synthetic strategy often coincides with difficult preparation protocols and a narrow window of suitable conditions. Here, we report on unsuspected observations of our group that highlight the impact of subtle "irregularities" on supramolecular systems. Based on the effects of pathway complexity, minute amounts of water in organic solvents or small impurities in the supramolecular building block, we discuss potential pitfalls in the study of complex systems. This article is intended to draw attention to often overlooked details and to initiate an open discussion on the importance of reporting experimental details to increase reproducibility in supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Marco D. Preuss
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jule van Basten
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Sandra M. C. Schoenmakers
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - A. J. H. Spiering
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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128
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Kwon H, Newell BS, Bruns CJ. Redox-switchable host-guest complexes of metallocenes and [8]cycloparaphenylene. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14276-14285. [PMID: 36134555 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03852h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The cycloparaphenylene (CPP) nanocarbons are an appealing family of macrocyclic organic semiconductors with size-tunable structures and unique optoelectronic properties, which can be further modulated by complexation with guest molecules. While many π-π-stabilized CPP-fullerene host-guest complexes are known, CPPs can also host polycyclic guests stabilized by aromatic CH-π interactions. Here we combine experimental and computational results to report that CH-π interactions can also be tapped to include redox-active metallocene guests in [8]cycloparaphenylene ([8]CPP). Oxidation of a metallocene guest is accompanied by an increase in binding affinity and tilt angle. Crystallographically determined solid-state structures reveal CH-π interactions in the ferrocene complex (Fc⊂[8]CPP) and additional π-π interactions in the cobaltocenium complex (CoCp2+⊂[8]CPP). Functionalizing Fc with oxygen-bearing side chains also improves complex stability to a similar extent as oxidation, due to the formation of CH-O hydrogen bonds with the host's p-phenylene units. This work shows that CH-π bonding can be generalized as a driving force for CPP host-guest complexes and combined with other supramolecular forces to enhance stability. Owing to their semiconducting nature, amenability to functionalization, and reversible redox-dependent behavior, the [8]CPP-metallocene host-guest complexes may expand the library of synthons available for designing bespoke nanoelectronics and artificial molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Brian S Newell
- Materials and Molecular Analysis Center, Analytical Resources Core, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake Street, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Carson J Bruns
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- ATLAS Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 1125 18th Street, 320 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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129
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King D, Wilson CR, Herron L, Deng CL, Mehdi S, Tiwary P, Hof F, Isaacs L. Molecular recognition of methylated amino acids and peptides by Pillar[6]MaxQ. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7429-7438. [PMID: 36097881 PMCID: PMC9632254 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01487d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the molecular recognition properties of Pillar[n]MaxQ (P[n]MQ) toward a series of (methylated) amino acids, amino acid amides, and post-translationally modified peptides by a combination of 1H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry, indicator displacement assays, and molecular dynamics simulations. We find that P6MQ is a potent receptor for N-methylated amino acid side chains. P6MQ recognized the H3K4Me3 peptide with Kd = 16 nM in phosphate buffered saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- David King
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
| | - Chelsea R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Lukas Herron
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Chun-Lin Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
| | - Shams Mehdi
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Pratyush Tiwary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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130
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Borsley S, Leigh DA, Roberts BMW, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ. Tuning the Force, Speed, and Efficiency of an Autonomous Chemically Fueled Information Ratchet. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17241-17248. [PMID: 36074864 PMCID: PMC9501901 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Autonomous chemically fueled molecular machines that
function through
information ratchet mechanisms underpin the nonequilibrium processes
that sustain life. These biomolecular motors have evolved to be well-suited
to the tasks they perform. Synthetic systems that function through
similar mechanisms have recently been developed, and their minimalist
structures enable the influence of structural changes on machine performance
to be assessed. Here, we probe the effect of changes in the fuel and
barrier-forming species on the nonequilibrium operation of a carbodiimide-fueled
rotaxane-based information ratchet. We examine the machine’s
ability to catalyze the fuel-to-waste reaction and harness energy
from it to drive directional displacement of the macrocycle. These
characteristics are intrinsically linked to the speed, force, power,
and efficiency of the ratchet output. We find that, just as for biomolecular
motors and macroscopic machinery, optimization of one feature (such
as speed) can compromise other features (such as the force that can
be generated by the ratchet). Balancing speed, power, efficiency,
and directionality will likely prove important when developing artificial
molecular motors for particular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Benjamin M W Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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131
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Feng L, Astumian RD, Stoddart JF. Controlling dynamics in extended molecular frameworks. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:705-725. [PMID: 37117491 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Molecular machines are essential dynamic components for fuel production, cargo delivery, information storage and processing in living systems. Scientists have demonstrated that they can design and synthesize artificial molecular machines that operate efficiently in isolation - for example, at high dilution in solution - fuelled by chemicals, electricity or light. To organize the spatial arrangement and motion of these machines within close proximity to one another in solid frameworks, such that useful macroscopic work can be performed, remains a challenge in both chemical and materials science. In this Review, we summarize the progress that has been made during the past decade in organizing dynamic molecular entities in such solid frameworks. Emerging applications of these dynamic smart materials in the contexts of molecular recognition, optoelectronics, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy and water desalination are highlighted. Finally, we review recent work on a new non-equilibrium adsorption phenomenon for which we have coined the term mechanisorption. The ability to use external energy to drive directional processes in mechanized extended frameworks augurs well for the future development of artificial molecular factories.
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132
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Wang Y, Gong J, Wang X, Li W, Wang X, He X, Wang W, Yang H. Multistate Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switching through Stimuli‐Induced Co‐Conformation Regulations of Pyrene‐Functionalized Topologically Chiral [2]Catenane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210542. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Jiacheng Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Wei‐Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xu‐Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming Shanghai 202162 China
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133
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Schnitzer T, Preuss MD, van Basten J, Schoenmakers SMC, Spiering AJH, Vantomme G, Meijer EW. How Subtle Changes Can Make a Difference: Reproducibility in Complex Supramolecular Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Marco D. Preuss
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jule van Basten
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M. C. Schoenmakers
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - A. J. H. Spiering
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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134
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Bej S, Nandi M, Ghosh P. Development of fluorophoric [2]pseudorotaxanes and [2]rotaxane: selective sensing of Zn(II). Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7284-7293. [PMID: 36052954 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluorophoric [2]pseudorotaxanes {NiPR1(ClO4)2-NiPR3(ClO4)2} are synthesized by utilizing newly designed fluorophoric bidentate ligands (L1-L3) and a heteroditopic naphthalene containing macrocycle (NaphMC) with high yields via Ni(II) templation and π-π stacking interactions. Subsequently, a fluorophoric [2]rotaxane (NAPRTX) is established through a Cu(I) catalysed click reaction between an azide terminated pseudorotaxane, {NiPR4(ClO4)2}, which contains the newly designed fluorophoric ligand L4, and alkyne terminated bulky stopper units. All these fluorophoric [2]pseudorotaxanes and the [2]rotaxane were characterized using numerous techniques such as mass spectrometry, NMR, UV/Vis, PL, and elemental analysis, wherever applicable. Furthermore, to investigate the effect of the fluorophoric moieties, the coordinating ability of chelating units, and size and shape of the three dimensional cavity generated by the mechanical bond in the interlocked [2]rotaxane (NAPRTX), we have performed a sensing study of various metal ions. Thus, the interlocked [2]rotaxane is found to have potential as a selective fluorescent sensor for Zn(II) metal ions over other transition, alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, where the 2,2'-bipyridyl arylvinylene moiety of the axle acts as a fluorescence signalling unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Bej
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Mandira Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
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135
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Li M, Chia XL, Tian C, Zhu Y. Mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes through catalytic desymmetrization. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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136
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Wang Y, Gong J, Wang X, Li WJ, Wang XQ, He X, Wang W, Yang HB. Multistate Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switching through Stimuli‐induced Co‐conformation Regulations of Pyrene‐functionalized Topologically Chiral [2]Catenane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Jiacheng Gong
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Xianwei Wang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei-Jian Li
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiao He
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Wang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- East China Normal University Department of Chemistry 3663 N. Zhongshan Road 200062 Shanghai CHINA
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137
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Zhai C, Isaacs L. New Synthetic Route to Water‐Soluble Prism[5]arene Hosts and Their Molecular Recognition Properties**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201743. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park 20742 Maryland USA
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park 20742 Maryland USA
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138
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Binks L, Tian C, Fielden SDP, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Leigh DA. Transamidation-Driven Molecular Pumps. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15838-15844. [PMID: 35979923 PMCID: PMC9446885 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a new class of synthetic molecular pumps that use a stepwise information ratchet mechanism to achieve the kinetic gating required to sequester their macrocyclic substrates from bulk solution. Threading occurs as a result of active template reactions between the pump terminus amine and an acyl electrophile, whereby the bond-forming reaction is accelerated through the cavity of a crown ether. Carboxylation of the resulting amide results in displacement of the ring to the collection region of the thread. Conversion of the carbamate to a phenolic ester provides an intermediate rotaxane suitable for further pumping cycles. In this way rings can be ratcheted onto a thread from one or both ends of appropriately designed molecular pumps. Each pumping cycle results in one additional ring being added to the thread per terminus acyl group. The absence of pseudorotaxane states ensures that no dethreading of intermediates occurs during the pump operation. This facilitates the loading of different macrocycles in any chosen sequence, illustrated by the pump-mediated synthesis of a [4]rotaxane containing three different macrocycles as a single sequence isomer. A [5]rotaxane synthesized using a dual-opening transamidation pump was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a series of stabilizing CH···O interactions between the crown ethers and the polyethylene glycol catchment region of the thread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Binks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Chong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D P Fielden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | | | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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139
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Das RS, Mukherjee A, Kar S, Bera T, Das S, Sengupta A, Guha S. Construction of Red Fluorescent Dual Targeting Mechanically Interlocked Molecules for Live Cancer Cell Specific Lysosomal Staining and Multicolor Cellular Imaging. Org Lett 2022; 24:5907-5912. [PMID: 35925778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized red fluorescent mechanically interlocked molecules with dual targeting functionality for live cancer cell specific active targeting followed by selective internalization and imaging of malignant lysosomes along with real-time tracking, 3D, and multicolor cellular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabi Sankar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Samiran Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapas Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shreya Das
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Samit Guha
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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140
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Ma L, Tang R, Zhou Y, Bei J, Wang Y, Chen T, Ou C, Han Y, Yan CG, Yao Y. Pillar[5]arene-based [1]rotaxanes with salicylaldimine as the stopper: synthesis, characterization and application in the fluorescence turn-on sensing of Zn 2+ in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8978-8981. [PMID: 35861323 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02893j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two pillar[5]arene-based [1]rotaxanes with salicylaldimine as the stopper were synthesized and characterized fully, and could be further applied in the fluorescence turn-on sensing of Zn2+ in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longtao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, P. R. China.
| | - Ruowen Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Youjun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Jiali Bei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Changjin Ou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, P. R. China.
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
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141
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Chen L, Sheng X, Li G, Huang F. Mechanically interlocked polymers based on rotaxanes. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7046-7065. [PMID: 35852571 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00202g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nature of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) has continued to encourage researchers to design and construct a variety of high-performance materials. Introducing mechanically interlocked structures into polymers has led to novel polymeric materials, called mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs). Rotaxane-based MIPs are an important class, where the mechanically interlocked characteristic retains a high degree of structural freedom and mobility of their components, such as the rotation and sliding motions of rotaxane units. Therefore, these MIP materials are known to possess a unique set of properties, including mechanical robustness, adaptability and responsiveness, which endow them with potential applications in many emerging fields, such as protective materials, intelligent actuators, and mechanisorption. In this review, we outline the synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and application explorations of various polyrotaxanes, including linear polyrotaxanes, polyrotaxane networks, and rotaxane dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Chen
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xinru Sheng
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China.
| | - Feihe Huang
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China. .,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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142
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Dynamic network of intermolecular interactions in metal-organic frameworks functionalized by molecular machines. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4426. [PMID: 35776789 PMCID: PMC10883363 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular machines enable external control of structural and dynamic phenomena at the atomic level. To efficiently transfer their tunable properties into designated functionalities, a detailed understanding of the impact of molecular embedding is needed. In particular, a comprehensive insight is fundamental to design hierarchical multifunctional systems that are inspired by biological cells. Here, we applied an on-the-fly trained force field to perform atomistic simulations of a systematically modified rotaxane functionalized metal-organic framework. Our atomistic studies reveal a symmetric and asymmetric interplay of the mechanically bonded rings (MBRs) within the framework depending on the local environment. As a result, their translational motion is modulated ranging from fast oscillatory behavior to cooperative and potentially directed shuttling. The derived picture of competitive interactions, which influence the operation mechanism of the MBRs embedded in these soft porous materials, promotes the development of responsive functional materials, which is a key step toward intelligent matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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143
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144
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Hu WH, Zhou K, Liu L, Wu HC. Construction of a pH-Mediated Single-Molecule Switch with a Nanopore-DNA Complex. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201650. [PMID: 35723176 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A molecular switch is one of the simplest examples of artificial molecular machines. Even so, the development of molecular switches is still at its very early stage. Currently, building single-molecule switches mostly rely on the molecular junction technique, but many of their performance characteristics are device-dependent. Here, a pH-mediated single-molecule switch based on the combination of an α-hemolysin (αHL) nanopore and a hexacyclen-modified DNA strand is developed. The single-stranded DNA is suspended inside an αHL through biotin-streptavidin linkage and the hexacyclen-modified nucleobase interacts with amino acid residues at positions 111, 113, and 147 to cause current oscillations. Distinct current transitions are observed when pH is tuned back and forth in the range of 3.0-7.4, with a typical "up" level when pH > 6.5 and a "down" level when pH < 4.5. This nanopore-DNA complex possesses membrane-bound advantages and may find applications in single-cell studies where pH could be readily tuned to control ON-OFF functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hai-Chen Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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145
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Zhang X, Liu K, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Luo Z, Guo Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Bai R, Zhao D, Yang X, Liu Y, Yan X. Mechanically Interlocked Aerogels with Densely Rotaxanated Backbones. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11434-11443. [PMID: 35696720 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules are considered promising candidates for the construction of self-adaptive materials by virtue of their fascinating structural and dynamic features. However, it is still a great challenge to fabricate such materials with higher complexity and richer functionality. Herein, we propose the concept of mechanically interlocked aerogels (MIAs) in which the three-dimensional (3D) porous frameworks are made of dense mechanically interlocked modules, thereby enabling the integration of mechanical adaptivity and multifunctionality in a single entity. The lightweight MIA monoliths possess a good appearance and hierarchical meso- and submicron-pores. Profiting from the combination of dynamic mechanical bonds and porous skeletons of aerogels, our MIAs are not only mechanically robust (average Young's modulus = 5.80 GPa and specific modulus = 130.5 kN·m/kg) but also showcase favorable mechanical adaptivity and responsiveness under external stimuli. Taking advantage of the above integrative merits, we demonstrate the multifunctionality of our MIAs in terms of iodine uptake, thermal insulation, and selective adsorption of organic dyes. Our work opens the door to designing intelligent aerogels with delicate topological chemical structures while facilitating the development of mechanically interlocked materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ruixue Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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146
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Saura-Sanmartin A. Photoresponsive Metal-Organic Frameworks as Adjustable Scaffolds in Reticular Chemistry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7121. [PMID: 35806126 PMCID: PMC9266399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The easy and remote switching of light makes this stimulus an ideal candidate for a large number of applications, among which the preparation of photoresponsive materials stands out. The interest of several scientists in this area in order to achieve improved functionalities has increase parallel to the growth of the structural complexity of these materials. Thus, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) turned out to be ideal scaffolds for light-responsive ligands. This review is focused on the integration of photoresponsive organic ligands inside MOF crystalline arrays to prepare enhanced functional materials. Besides the summary of the preparation, properties and applications of these materials, an overview of the future outlook of this research area is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Campus de Espinardo, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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147
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Garci A, Weber JA, Young RM, Kazem-Rostami M, Ovalle M, Beldjoudi Y, Atilgan A, Bae YJ, Liu W, Jones LO, Stern CL, Schatz GC, Farha OK, Wasielewski MR, Fraser Stoddart J. Mechanically interlocked pyrene-based photocatalysts. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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148
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Saura-Sanmartin A, Pastor A, Martinez-Cuezva A, Cutillas-Font G, Alajarin M, Berna J. Mechanically interlocked molecules in metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4949-4976. [PMID: 35612363 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have great potential in the development of molecular machinery due to their intercomponent dynamics. The incorporation of these molecules in a condensed phase makes it possible to take advantage of the control of the motion of the components at the macroscopic level. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are postulated as ideal supports for intertwined molecules. This review covers the chemistry of the mechanical bond incorporated into metal-organic frameworks from the seminal studies to the latest published advances. We first describe some fundamental concepts of MIMs and MOFs. Next, we summarize the advances in the incorporation of rotaxanes and catenanes inside MOF matrices. Finally, we conclude by showing the study of the rotaxane dynamics in MOFs and the operation of some stimuli-responsive MIMs within MOFs. In addition to emphasising some selected examples, we offer a critical opinion on the state of the art of this research field, remarking the key points on which the future of these systems should be focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Cutillas-Font
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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149
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Supramolecular nylon-based actuators with a high work efficiency based on host–guest complexation and the mechanoisomerization of azobenzene. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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150
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Roy I, David AHG, Das PJ, Pe DJ, Stoddart JF. Fluorescent cyclophanes and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5557-5605. [PMID: 35704949 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With the serendipitous discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen more than half a century ago and the subsequent introduction of host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry by Cram and Lehn, respectively, followed by the design and synthesis of wholly synthetic cyclophanes-in particular, fluorescent cyclophanes, having rich structural characteristics and functions-have been the focus of considerable research activity during the past few decades. Cyclophanes with remarkable emissive properties have been investigated continuously over the years and employed in numerous applications across the field of science and technology. In this Review, we feature the recent developments in the chemistry of fluorescent cyclophanes, along with their design and synthesis. Their host-guest chemistry and applications related to their structure and properties are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Partha Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. .,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou, 311215, China
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