101
|
Larsen AK, Nymo IH, Sørensen KK, Seppola M, Rødven R, Jiménez de Bagüés MP, Al Dahouk S, Godfroid J. Concomitant Temperature Stress and Immune Activation may Increase Mortality Despite Efficient Clearance of an Intracellular Bacterial Infection in Atlantic Cod. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2963. [PMID: 30564213 PMCID: PMC6289035 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental temperature has profound effects on biological systems of marine aquatic organisms and plays a critical role in species distribution and abundance. Particularly during the warmer seasons, variations in habitat temperature may introduce episodes of stressful temperatures which the organisms must adapt to and compensate for to maintain physiological homeostasis. The marine environment is changing and predicted raises in water temperatures will affect numerous marine species. Translocation of pathogens follow migration of species and alternations in physical environmental parameters may have influence upon the virulence of pathogens, as well as the hosts immune responses. While pathogenicity of many true pathogens is expected to increase following climate induced temperature stress, the impact from environmental stressors on the occurrence and severity of opportunistic infections is unknown. Here we describe how thermal stress in the cold-water species Atlantic cod influenced the fish immune responses against an opportunistic intracellular bacterium. Following experimental infection with Brucella pinnipedialis at normal water temperature (6°C) and sub-optimal temperature (15°C), cod cleared the intracellular bacteria more rapidly at the highest temperature. The overall immune response was faster and of higher amplitude at 15°C, however, a significant number of cod died at this temperature despite efficient clearance of infection. An increased growth rate not affected by infection was observed at 15°C, confirming multiple energy demanding processes taking place. Serum chemistry suggested that general homeostasis was influenced by both infection and increased water temperature, highlighting the cumulative stress responses (allostatic load) generated by simultaneous stressors. Our results suggest a trade-off between resistance and tolerance to survive infection at sub-optimal temperatures and raise questions concerning the impact of increased water temperatures on the energetic costs of immune system activation in aquatic ectotherms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anett K Larsen
- Arctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg H Nymo
- Arctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Karen K Sørensen
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marit Seppola
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Rødven
- Department of Research and Development, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - María Pilar Jiménez de Bagüés
- Unidad de Tecnología en Producción y Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Jacques Godfroid
- Arctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Li B, Sun S, Zhu J, Yanli S, Wuxiao Z, Ge X. Transcriptome profiling and histology changes in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) liver tissue in response to acute thermal stress. Genomics 2018; 111:242-250. [PMID: 30458273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To understand the precise mechanism and the pathways activated by thermal stress in fish, we sampled livers from juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala exposed to control (25 °C) and test (35 °C) conditions, and performed short read (100 bp) next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Using reads from different temperature, expression analysis identified a total of 440 differentially-expressed genes. These genes were related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, immune responses and so on. We used quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR to assess the differential mRNA expression of selected genes that encode antioxidant enzymes and heat shock proteins in response to thermal stress. Fish exposed to thermal stress also showed liver damage associated with serum biochemical parameter changes. The set of genes identified showed regulatory modulation at different temperatures, and therefore could be further studied to determine how thermal stress damages M. amblycephala livers and the possible roles of reactive oxygen species in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Su Yanli
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Zhang Wuxiao
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Zhong H, Zhang H, Tang Z, Guo Z, Yan J, Xiao J, Luo Y, Zhou Y. Evidence for natural selection of immune genes from Parachromis managuensis by transcriptome sequencing. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1519377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, PR China
| | - Zhanyang Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhongbao Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Martínez D, Vargas-Lagos C, Oyarzún R, Loncoman CA, Pontigo JP, Yáñez AJ, Vargas-Chacoff L. Temperature modulates the immunological response of the sub-antarctic notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus injected with Piscirickettsia salmonis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:492-503. [PMID: 30165153 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eleginops maclovinus is a eurythermic fish that under natural conditions lives in environments with temperatures ranging from 4 to 18 °C and can be usually captured near salmon farming areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature over the innate and adaptive immune response of E. maclovinus challenged with Piscirickettsia salmonis following different treatments: C (control injection with culture medium at 12 °C), C+ (bacterial injection at 12 °C), 18 °C c/A + B (injection with culture medium in acclimation at 18 °C), 18 °C c/A + B (bacterial injection in acclimation at 18 °C), 18 °C s/A + M (injection with culture medium without acclimation at 18 °C) and 18 °C s/A + B (bacterial injection without acclimation at 18 °C). Each injection had 100 μL of culture medium or with 100 μL at a concentration 1 × 108 of live bacteria, sampling six fish per group at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days post-injection (dpi). Expression of the mRNA related with the innate immune response gene (TLR1, TLR5, TLR8, NLRC3, NLRC5, MyD88 and IL-1β) as well as the adaptive immune response gene (MHCI, MHCII, IgMs and IgD) were measured in spleen and head kidney. Gene expression profiles were treatment-type and time dependent. Levels of Immunoglobulin M (IgM) increased in challenged groups with P. salmonis from day 8-20 post challenge, which suggest activation of B cells IgM + through P. salmonis epitope detection. Additionally, a rise in temperature from 12 °C (C+) to 18 °C (with/without acclimation) also resulted in antibody increment detected in serum with significant differences between "18 °C c/A + B" and "18 °C s/A + B" groups. This is the first study that evaluates the effect of temperature changes and mRNA expression related with immune system gene over time on E. maclovinus, a native wild life fish that cohabits in the salmon farming environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Escuela de Graduados, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de l6a Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Av. Los Pinos s/n Balneario Pelluco, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de C'hile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile.
| | - C Vargas-Lagos
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de C'hile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile; Escuela de Graduados, Programa de Magister en Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - R Oyarzún
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Escuela de Graduados, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de l6a Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Av. Los Pinos s/n Balneario Pelluco, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de C'hile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - C A Loncoman
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J P Pontigo
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - A J Yáñez
- Centro Fondap Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - L Vargas-Chacoff
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología de Peces, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de C'hile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Leal MJ, Clark BE, Van Eenennaam JP, Schreier AD, Todgham AE. The effects of warm temperature acclimation on constitutive stress, immunity, and metabolism in white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) of different ploidies. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 224:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
106
|
Ye RR, Peterson DR, Kitamura SI, Segner H, Seemann F, Au DWT. Sex-specific immunomodulatory action of the environmentalestrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol alongside with reproductive impairment in fish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:95-106. [PMID: 30099325 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs) are present ubiquitously in sediments and aquatic ecosystems worldwide. The detrimental impact of EEDCs on the reproduction of wildlife is widely recognized. Increasing evidence shows the immunosuppressive effects of EEDCs in vertebrates. Yet, no studies have considered concomitantly EEDC-induced impacts on reproductive impairment and immune suppression in vivo, which are deemed essential for risk assessment and environmental monitoring. In this study, EE2 was used as a representative EEDC, for parallel evaluation of EEDC-induced immune suppression (immune marker gene expression, leukocyte numbers, host resistance assay, and immune competence index) and reproductive impairment (estrogen responsive gene expression, fecundity, fertilization success, hatching success, and reproductive competence index) in an established fish model (marine medaka Oryzias melastigma), considering sex-specific induction and adaptation and recovery responses under different EE2 exposure scenarios. The findings in marine medaka reveal distinct sex differences in the EE2-mediated biological responses. For female fish, low concentration of exogenous EE2 (33 ng/L) could induce hormesis (immune enhancement), enable adaptation (restored reproduction) and even boost fish resistance to bacterial challenge after abatement of EE2. However, a prolonged exposure to high levels of EE2 (113 ng/L) not only impaired F0 immune function, but also perturbed females recovering from reproductive impairment, resulting in a persistent impact on the F1 generation output. Thus, for female fish, the exposure concentration of EE2 is more critical than the dose of EE2 in determining the impacts of EE2 on immune function and reproduction. Conversely, male fish are far more sensitive than females to the presence of low levels of exogenous EE2 in water and the EE2-mediated biological impacts are clearly dose-dependent. It is also evident in male fish that direct contact of EE2 is essential to sustain impairments of immune competence and reproductive output as well as deregulation of immune function genes in vivo. The immunomodulatory pathways altered by EE2 were deciphered for male and female fish, separately. Downregulation of hepatic tlr3 and c3 (in female) and tlr3, tlr5 and c3 (in male) may be indicative of impaired fish immune competence. Taken together, impaired immune competence in the EE2-exposed fish poses an immediate thread on the survival of F0 population. Impaired reproduction in the EE2-exposed fish can directly affect F1 output. Parallel evaluation of immune competence and reproduction are important considerations when assessing the risk of sublethal levels of EE2/EEDCs in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy R Ye
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Drew R Peterson
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shin-Ichi Kitamura
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, CH3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Seemann
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA.
| | - Doris W T Au
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Chen YY, Cheng AC, Cheng SA, Chen JC. Orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides that have encountered low salinity stress have decreased cellular and humoral immune reactions and increased susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:392-396. [PMID: 29913207 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides reared at 34‰ and 27 °C were abruptly transferred to 6‰, 20‰ and 34‰ (control) and examined for innate cellular and humoral parameters after 3-96 h. Total leucocyte count (TLC), respiratory burst (RB), phagocytic activity (PA), alternative complement pathway (ACP) and lysozyme activity were significantly decreased 3-6 h, 3-6 h, 3-96 h, 3-96 h and 3-96 h, respectively after transferal into 6‰ salinity. TLC, RB and PA significantly increased after 3-48 h, 3-96 h and 3-24 h, respectively, with recovery of TLC and PA after 96 h and 48-96 h, whereas ACP and lysozyme activity significantly decreased 3-96 h after being transferred to 20‰. In another experiment, grouper reared at 34‰ and 27 °C were injected with Vibrio alginolyticus grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB) at 2.3 × 109 colony-forming units (cfu) fish-1 and then transferred to 6‰, 20‰ and 34‰ (control). The cumulative mortalities of V. alginolyticus-injected fish held in 6‰ were significantly higher than in injected fish held at 20‰ and 34‰. It was concluded that grouper E. coioides encountering a 34‰-6‰ salinity drop stress exhibited a depression in immunity as evidenced by decreased cellular and humoral parameters and increased susceptibility to V. alginolyticus. Grouper encountering a salinity stress drop from 34‰ to 20‰, however, exhibited decreased humoral immune parameters but also increased TLC and cellular immune parameters, indicating immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yuan Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of the Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ann-Chang Cheng
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shao-An Cheng
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of the Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiann-Chu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, Center of the Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Deep Transcriptomic Analysis of Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) Provides New Insights on Responses to Acute Temperature Stress. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9113. [PMID: 29904092 PMCID: PMC6002380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we conducted an RNA-Seq analysis to characterize the genes and pathways involved in acute thermal and cold stress responses in the liver of black rockfish, a viviparous teleost that has the ability to cope with a wide range of temperature changes. A total of 584 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in all three comparisons (HT vs NT, HT vs LT and LT vs NT). Based on an enrichment analysis, DEGs with a potential role in stress accommodation were classified into several categories, including protein folding, metabolism, immune response, signal transduction, molecule transport, membrane, and cell proliferation/apoptosis. Considering that thermal stress has a greater effect than cold stress in black rockfish, 24 shared DEGs in the intersection of the HT vs LT and HT vs NT groups were enriched in 2 oxidation-related gene ontology (GO) terms. Nine important heat-stress-reducing pathways were significantly identified and classified into 3 classes: immune and infectious diseases, organismal immune system and endocrine system. Eight DEGs (early growth response protein 1, bile salt export pump, abcb11, hsp70a, rtp3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) 24-hydroxylase, apoa4, transcription factor jun-b-like and an uncharacterized gene) were observed among all three comparisons, strongly implying their potentially important roles in temperature stress responses.
Collapse
|
109
|
Genomic signatures of parasite-driven natural selection in north European Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Mar Genomics 2018; 39:26-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
110
|
Dietrich MA, Hliwa P, Adamek M, Steinhagen D, Karol H, Ciereszko A. Acclimation to cold and warm temperatures is associated with differential expression of male carp blood proteins involved in acute phase and stress responses, and lipid metabolism. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 76:305-315. [PMID: 29544770 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The environmental temperature affects plasma biochemical indicators, antioxidant status and hematological and immunological parameters in fish. So far, only single blood proteins have been identified in response to temperature changes. The aim of this study was to compare the proteome of carp blood plasma from males acclimated to warm (30 °C) and cold (10 °C) temperatures by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 47 spots were found to be differentially regulated by temperature (>1.2-fold change, p < 0.05): 25 protein spots were more abundant in warm-acclimated males and 22 were enriched in cold-acclimated males. The majority of differentially regulated proteins were associated with acute phase response signalling involved in: i) activation of the complement system (complement C3-H1), ii) neutralization of proteolytic enzymes (inter-alpha inhibitor H3, fetuin, serpinA1, antithrombin, alpha2-macroglobulin), iii) scavenging of free hemoglobin and radicals (haptoglobin, Wap65 kDa), iv) clot-formation (fibrinogen beta and alpha chain, T-kininogen) and v) the host's immune response modulation (ApoA1 and ApoA2). However, quite different sets of these proteins or proteoforms were involved in response to cold and warm temperatures. In addition, cold acclimation seems to be related to the proteins involved in lipid metabolism (apolipoproteins A and 14 kDa) and stress response (corticosteroid binding globulin). We discovered a strongly regulated protein Cap31 upon cold acclimation, which can serve as a potential blood biomarker of cold response in carp. These studies significantly extend our knowledge concerning mechanisms underlying thermal adaptation in poikilotherms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariola A Dietrich
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Piotr Hliwa
- Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Adamek
- University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, Fish Disease Research Unit, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhagen
- University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, Fish Disease Research Unit, Germany
| | - Halina Karol
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Machado M, Malheiro D, Couto A, Wilson JM, Guerreiro M, Azeredo R, Svendsen JC, Afonso A, Serradeiro R, Costas B. Acute hyperoxia induces systemic responses with no major changes in peripheral tissues in the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:260-267. [PMID: 29325709 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis is currently farmed in recirculation aquaculture systems that often involve water re-oxygenation, which in turn may cause acute or prolonged hyperoxia exposures. In order to understand the impact of acute hyperoxia on the fish immune system and peripheral tissues such as gills and gut, Senegalese sole juveniles (30.05 ± 1.72 g) were exposed to normoxia (100% O2sat) as control and two hyperoxic conditions (150 and 200% O2sat) and sampled at 4 and 24 h. Fish haematological profile, total and differential blood cell counts and plasma immune parameters were analysed. Histomorphology and immunofluorescence analyses of gills and intestine were performed, respectively, whereas head-kidney samples were used for assessing the expression of immune-related genes. Results indicate that acute hyperoxia exposure may reduce fish erythrocyte and haemoglobin levels. Moreover, decreases in total leucocytes numbers, circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, alternative complement pathway activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 were observed in fish exposed to hyperoxia. In contrast, hyperoxia did not induce major effects on gill histomorphology nor in the protein content of ion and glucose cotransporters as well as a macrophage marker (V-ATPase) in the intestine. Although the activation of humoral mechanisms and immune-related genes were not dramatically affected by acute hyperoxia, the compromised immune cell status and the reduction of some inflammatory indicators are issues to consider under acute hyperoxia conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Malheiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Couto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jonathan M Wilson
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue, Waterloo, N2L 3C5, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Guerreiro
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue, Waterloo, N2L 3C5, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita Azeredo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jon C Svendsen
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Jægersborg Allé 1, DK-2920, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - António Afonso
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Serradeiro
- Sea8- Aquacria Piscícolas, SA, Rua do Lavadouro, Quintas do Norte, 3870-303, Torreira, Portugal
| | - Benjamín Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Rodgers ML, Toline CA, Rice CD. Humoral Immune Responses to Select Marine Bacteria in Loggerhead Sea Turtles Caretta caretta and Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles Lepidochelys kempii from the Southeastern United States. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2018; 30:20-30. [PMID: 29595888 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Serum from Kemp's ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii and loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta was collected during summer in 2011, 2012, and 2013. Serum immunoglobulin Y (IgY) recognition of lysate proteins from nine bacterial species and whole bacterium-specific IgY titers to these pathogens were quantified. Serum and purified IgY recognized proteins of all bacteria, with protein recognition for some species being more pronounced than others. Circulating IgY titers against Vibrio vulnificus, V. anguillarum, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and Brevundimonas vesicularis changed over the years in Kemp's ridley sea turtles, while IgY titers against V. vulnificus, Escherichia coli, V. parahaemolyticus, B. vesicularis, and Mycobacterium marinum were different in loggerhead sea turtles. Serum lysozyme activity was constant for loggerhead sea turtles over the 3 years, while activity in Kemp's ridley sea turtles was lower in 2011 and 2012 than in 2013. Blood packed cell volume, glucose, and serum protein levels were comparable to those of healthy sea turtles in previous studies; therefore, this study provides baseline information on antibody responses in healthy wild sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Rodgers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Catherine A Toline
- U.S. National Park Service, Southeast Region Oceans Program, 177 Hobcaw Road, Georgetown, South Carolina, 29440, USA
| | - Charles D Rice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Cheng CH, Guo ZX, Ye CX, Wang AL. Effect of dietary astaxanthin on the growth performance, non-specific immunity, and antioxidant capacity of pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) under high temperature stress. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:209-218. [PMID: 28936571 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of astaxanthin on growth performance, biochemical parameters, ROS production, and immune-related gene expressions of the pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) under high temperature stress. The experimental basal diets supplemented with astaxanthin at the rates of 0 (control), 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg kg-1 were fed to fish for 8 weeks. The results showed that the fish fed diet with 80, 160, and 320 mg kg-1 astaxanthin significantly improved weight gain and specific growth rate. Furthermore, fish fed the moderate dietary astaxanthin increased plasma alkaline phosphatase activities, and decrease plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities. After the feeding trial, the fish were exposed to high temperature stress for 48 h. The results shown that astaxanthin could suppress ROS production induced by high temperature stress. Meanwhile, compared with the control group, the astaxanthin groups increased SOD, CAT, and HSP70 mRNA levels under high temperature stress. These results showed that the basal diet supplemented with 80-320 mg kg-1 astaxanthin could enhance growth, nonspecific immune responses, and antioxidant defense system and improve resistance against high temperature stress in pufferfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xun Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China.
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao-Xia Ye
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Li Wang
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Transcriptomic analysis of changes in gene expression of immune proteins of gill tissue in response to low environmental temperature in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 25:109-117. [PMID: 29414190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the face of ongoing climate change, it is imperative to understand better the effects of temperature on immune function in freshwater teleosts. It is unclear whether previously observed changes were caused by temperature per se. We studied changes in the gill transcriptome of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) at low temperature to understand better the effects of temperature on immune function. De novo assembly of the transcriptome using Trinity software resulted in 73,378 assembled contigs. Annotation using the Trinotate package yielded 58,952 Blastx hits (accessions). Expression of 194 unique mRNA transcripts changed in gill tissue of fathead minnows acclimatized to 5° compared to controls at 22 °C. At 5 °C mRNAs coding for proteins involved in innate immune responses were up-regulated. Those included proteins that block early-stage viral replication and macrophage activation. Expression of mRNAs coding for pro-inflammatory molecules and mucus secretion were also enhanced. Messenger RNAs coding for proteins associated with adaptive immune responses were down-regulated at 5 °C. Those included antigen-presenting proteins and proteins involved in immunoglobin production. Messenger RNAs coding for proteins that stimulate the cell cycle were also down-regulated at 5 °C. Histological comparison revealed that gills of cold acclimated fish had fewer mucus cells but cells contained larger mucus droplets. We conclude that decreased temperature modifies the immune systems of freshwater teleosts, leading to genome-wide upregulation of innate immunity and down regulation of adaptive immunity. Such acclimation likely evolved as an adaptive strategy against seasonal changes in infectious insults.
Collapse
|
115
|
Hernández-Arciga U, Herrera M. LG, Ibáñez-Contreras A, Miranda-Labra RU, Flores-Martínez JJ, Königsberg M. Baseline and post-stress seasonal changes in immunocompetence and redox state maintenance in the fishing bat Myotis vivesi. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190047. [PMID: 29293551 PMCID: PMC5749750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known of how the stress response varies when animals confront seasonal life-history processes. Antioxidant defenses and damage caused by oxidative stress and their link with immunocompetence are powerful biomarkers to assess animal´s physiological stress response. The aim of this study was A) to determine redox state and variation in basal (pre-acute stress) immune function during summer, autumn and winter (spring was not assessed due to restrictions in collecting permit) in the fish-eating Myotis (Myotis vivesi; Chiroptera), and B) to determine the effect of acute stress on immunocompetence and redox state during each season. Acute stress was stimulated by restricting animal movement for 6 and 12 h. The magnitude of the cellular immune response was higher during winter whilst that of the humoral response was at its highest during summer. Humoral response increased after 6 h of movement restriction stress and returned to baseline levels after 12 h. Basal redox state was maintained throughout the year, with no significant changes in protein damage, and antioxidant activity was modulated mainly in relation to variation to environment cues, increasing during high temperatures and decreasing during windy nights. Antioxidant activity increased after the 6 h of stressful stimuli especially during summer and autumn, and to a lesser extent in early winter, but redox state did not vary. However, protein damage increased after 12 h of stress during summer. Prolonged stress when the bat is engaged in activities of high energy demand overcame its capacity to maintain homeostasis resulting in oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulalume Hernández-Arciga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Unidad Iztapalapa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| | - L. Gerardo Herrera M.
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, México
| | - Alejandra Ibáñez-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Applied Research in Experimental Biomedicine S.A. de C.V. (APREXBIO), Ciudad de México, México
- Unidad de Experimentación Animal, Biología Integral para Vertebrados (BIOINVERT®), Estado de México, México
| | - Roxana U. Miranda-Labra
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Unidad Iztapalapa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Juan Flores-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mina Königsberg
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Unidad Iztapalapa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Cramp RL, Franklin CE. Exploring the link between ultraviolet B radiation and immune function in amphibians: implications for emerging infectious diseases. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 6:coy035. [PMID: 29992023 PMCID: PMC6022628 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Amphibian populations the world over are under threat of extinction, with as many as 40% of assessed species listed as threatened under IUCN Red List criteria (a significantly higher proportion than other vertebrate group). Amongst the key threats to amphibian species is the emergence of novel infectious diseases, which have been implicated in the catastrophic amphibian population declines and extinctions seen in many parts of the world. The recent emergence of these diseases coincides with increased ambient levels of ultraviolet B radiation (UVBR) due to anthropogenic thinning of the Earth's protective ozone layer, raising questions about potential interactions between UVBR exposure and disease in amphibians. While reasonably well documented in other vertebrate groups (particularly mammals), the immunosuppressive capacity of UVBR and the potential for it to influence disease outcomes has been largely overlooked in amphibians. Herein, we review the evidence for UVBR-associated immune system disruption in amphibians and identify a number of direct and indirect pathways through which UVBR may influence immune function and disease susceptibility in amphibians. By exploring the physiological mechanisms through which UVBR may affect host immune function, we demonstrate how ambient UVBR could increase amphibian susceptibility to disease. We conclude by discussing the potential implications of elevated UVBR for inter and intraspecific differences in disease dynamics and discuss how future research in this field may be directed to improve our understanding of the role that UVBR plays in amphibian immune function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Cramp
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard Building (8), St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Corresponding author: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard Building (8), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Craig E Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard Building (8), St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Dalmo RA. DNA vaccines for fish: Review and perspectives on correlates of protection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1-9. [PMID: 29064091 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently in 2016, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommended granting a marketing authorization in the EU for "Clynav," a DNA vaccine against salmon pancreas disease (salmonid alphavirus-3). Generally, DNA vaccines induce both early and late immune responses in fish that may be protective against disease. Several transcriptomic approaches have been performed to map immunome profiles following DNA vaccination, but the precise immune mechanism(s) that is responsible for protection is not known, although reasonable suggestions have been made. The current review includes an overview on main transcriptomic findings from microarray experiments after DNA vaccination against VHSV, IHNV, HIRRV and IPNV-with considerations of what can be considered as correlates of protection (CoP) or merely a surrogate of protection. Identification and use of correlates of protection (COPs) may be a strategic tool for accelerated and targeted vaccine design, testing and licensure. General rules on what can be considered as CoPs can be extracted from past knowledge on protective immune responses following vaccination that induced protection. Lastly, there will be an overview on non-viral molecular adjuvants that have been exploited to obtain higher vaccine potencies and efficacies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Dalmo
- Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries & Economics, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Abram QH, Dixon B, Katzenback BA. Impacts of Low Temperature on the Teleost Immune System. BIOLOGY 2017; 6:E39. [PMID: 29165340 PMCID: PMC5745444 DOI: 10.3390/biology6040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As poikilothermic vertebrates, fish can experience changes in water temperature, and hence body temperature, as a result of seasonal changes, migration, or efflux of large quantities of effluent into a body of water. Temperature shifts outside of the optimal temperature range for an individual fish species can have negative impacts on the physiology of the animal, including the immune system. As a result, acute or chronic exposure to suboptimal temperatures can impair an organisms' ability to defend against pathogens and thus compromise the overall health of the animal. This review focuses on the advances made towards understanding the impacts of suboptimal temperature on the soluble and cellular mediators of the innate and adaptive immune systems of fishes. Although cold stress can result in varying effects in different fish species, acute and chronic suboptimal temperature exposure generally yield suppressive effects, particularly on adaptive immunity. Knowledge of the effects of environmental temperature on fish species is critical for both the optimal management of wild species and the best management practices for aquaculture species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quinn H Abram
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Barbara A Katzenback
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Cheng CH, Liang HY, Luo SW, Wang AL, Ye CX. The protective effects of vitamin C on apoptosis, DNA damage and proteome of pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) under low temperature stress. J Therm Biol 2017; 71:128-135. [PMID: 29301681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of vitamin C on apoptosis, DNA damage and proteome of pufferfish under low temperature stress. Six diets were formulated to contain 2.60, 48.90, 95.50, 189.83, 382.40, 779.53mg/kg vitamin C. After 8-week feeding trial, fish were exposed to low temperature challenge. The results showed that pufferfish receiving vitamin C diet exhibited a significant decrease in ROS production (48.9-189.83mg/kg vitamin C diet groups), cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ concentration (48.9-779.53mg/kg vitamin C diet groups), apoptotic cell ratio (95.5-779.53mg/kg vitamin C diet groups) and DNA damage (189.83-779.53mg/kg vitamin C diet groups) under low temperature stress in comparison with those of control. We also investigated the alteration in protein expression under low temperature stress by a comparative proteomic analysis. The results demonstrated that 24 protein spots showed significantly differential expression in the cold-stress-treated group compared with those of the control group, and 5 protein spots were successfully identified. Furthermore, comparative proteomic analysis revealed that vitamin C could increase expressed proteins related to energy metabolism, immune responses and cytoskeleton. These findings would be helpful to understand the protective effects of vitamin C against cold stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - An-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Chao-Xia Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Luo SW, Kang H, Kong JR, Xie RC, Liu Y, Wang WN, Xie FX, Wang C, Sun ZM. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of (B-cell lymphoma-2) Bcl-2 in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 76:150-162. [PMID: 28606801 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 is a pro-survival member of Bcl-2 like superfamily, playing an important role in regulating the apoptotic process. In this study, the full-length Bcl-2 (EcBcl-2) was obtained, consisting of a 5'UTR of 290 bp, an ORF of 699 bp and a 3'UTR of 920 bp. EcBcl-2 gene encoded a polypeptide of 232 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 26.12 KDa and a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 6.93. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that EcBcl-2 consisted of the conserved residues and characteristic domains known to the critical functionality for Bcl-2. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that EcBcl-2 transcript was expressed in all the examined tissues, while the strongest expression level was observed in liver, followed by the expression in blood, gill, kidney, spleen, heart, intestine and muscle. The groupers challenged with V. alginolyticus showed a significant increase of EcBcl-2 mRNA in immune tissues. In addition, western blotting analysis confirmed that the up-regulation of EcBcl-2 protein expression was detected in liver. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that EcBcl-2 was localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of EcBcl-2 can inhibit the LPS-induced apoptosis and activate the transcription activity of NF-κB and AP-1, while the deletion of BH1, BH2, BH3 or BH4 domain from EcBcl-2 can impede the signaling transduction. These results indicate that EcBcl-2 may play a regulatory role in the apoptotic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Huan Kang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ren-Chong Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Fu-Xing Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- Hebei Wisdom Technology Development Co., Ltd., PR China
| | - Zuo-Ming Sun
- Hebei Wisdom Technology Development Co., Ltd., PR China; Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Zeng L, Zhang JS, Zheng JL, Wu CW. Pre-acclimation to low copper mitigated immunotoxic effects in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) when exposed subsequently to high copper. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:54-61. [PMID: 28601517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis tested in this study was that Cu pre-acclimation would mitigate high Cu induced immunotoxic effects in large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea. To the end, fish were pre-acclimation to 0 and 84μg CuL-1 for 48h and then exposed to 0 and 420μg CuL-1 for another 48h. Survival rate, Cu content, ROS, NO, activities and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes (iNOS and COX-2), and gene expressions of transcription factor NF-κB and its inhibitor IκBα were determined in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker. Cu pre-acclimation significantly reduced mortality of fish exposed to 420μg CuL-1. Cu pre-acclimation triggered the up-regulation of both enzyme activities and express levels of iNOS and COX-2 in spleen under 420μg CuL-1 exposure, resulting in remarkable reduction of Cu content and ROS in this tissue. Contrast to spleen, iNOS activity remained unchanged but the mRNA level of iNOS increased, and the mRNA level of COX-2 remained constant though COX-2 activity enhanced in head-kidney, suggesting iNOS and COX-2 may be modulated by Cu at a post-transcriptional level. In this process, NF-κB/IκBα signaling molecules may play a vital role in the transcriptional activation of inflammatory genes in both spleen and head-kidney. In conclusion, low Cu pre-acclimation alleviated high Cu induced immunotoxicity in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker by enhancing the activities and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Jian-She Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Khansari AR, Parra D, Reyes-López FE, Tort L. Cytokine modulation by stress hormones and antagonist specific hormonal inhibition in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) head kidney primary cell culture. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017. [PMID: 28634082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A tight interaction between endocrine and immune systems takes place mainly due to the key role of head kidney in both hormone and cytokine secretion, particularly under stress situations in which the physiological response promotes the synthesis and release of stress hormones which may lead into immunomodulation as side effect. Although such interaction has been previously investigated, this study evaluated for the first time the effect of stress-associated hormones together with their receptor antagonists on the expression of cytokine genes in head kidney primary cell culture (HKPCC) of the freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the seawater gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). The results showed a striking difference when comparing the response obtained in trout and seabream. Cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) decreased the expression of immune-related genes in sea bream but not in rainbow trout and this cortisol effect was reverted by the antagonist mifepristone but not spironolactone. On the other hand, while adrenaline reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) in rainbow trout, the opposite effect was observed in sea bream showing an increased expression (IL-1β, IL-6). Interestingly, this effect was reverted by antagonist propranolol but not phentolamine. Overall, our results confirm the regional interaction between endocrine and cytokine messengers and a clear difference in the sensitivity to the hormonal stimuli between the two species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Khansari
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - David Parra
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Felipe E Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Lluís Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Seemann F, Peterson DR, Chiang MWL, Au DWT. The development of cellular immune defence in marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 199:81-89. [PMID: 28347744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally induced alterations of the immune system during sensitive developmental stages may manifest as abnormalities in immune organ configuration and/or immune cell differentiation. These not only render the early life stages more vulnerable to pathogens, but may also affect the adult immune competence. Knowledge of these sensitive periods in fish would provide an important prognostic/diagnostic tool for aquatic risk assessment of immunotoxicants. The marine medaka Oryzias melastigma is an emerging seawater fish model for immunotoxicology. Here, the presence and onset of four potentially sensitive periods during the development of innate and adaptive cellular immune defence were revealed in O. melastigma: 1.) initiation of phagocyte differentiation, 2.) migration and expansion of lymphoid progenitor cells, 3.) colonization of immune organs through lymphocyte progenitors and 4.) establishment of immune competence in the thymus. By using an established bacterial resistance assay for O. melastigma, larval immune competence (from newly hatched 1dph to 14dph) was found concomitantly increased with advanced thymus development and the presence of mature T-lymphocytes. A comparison between the marine O. melastigma and the freshwater counterpart Oryzias latipes disclosed a disparity in the T-lymphocyte maturation pattern, resulting in differences in the length of T-lymphocyte maturation. The results shed light on a potential difference between seawater and freshwater medaka in their sensitivity to environmental immunotoxicants. Further, medaka immune system development was compared and contrasted to economically important fish. The present study has provided a strong scientific basis for advanced investigation of critical windows for immune system development in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Seemann
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Drew Ryan Peterson
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Michael Wai Lun Chiang
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Doris Wai Ting Au
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Temperature-related parasite infection dynamics: the case of proliferative kidney disease of brown trout. Parasitology 2017; 145:281-291. [PMID: 28831940 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017001482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, in particular rising temperature, is suspected to be a major driver for the emergence of many wildlife diseases. Proliferative kidney disease of salmonids, caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, was used to evaluate how temperature dependence of host-parasite interactions modulates disease emergence. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) kept at 12 and 15 °C, were experimentally infected with T. bryosalmonae. Parasite development in the fish host and release of spores were quantified simultaneously to unravel parasite transmission potential from the vertebrate to the invertebrate host. A change to a stable plateau in infection intensity of the kidney coincided with a threshold at which spore shedding commenced. This onset of parasite release was delayed at the low temperature in accordance with reaching this infection intensity threshold, but the amount of spores released was irrespective of temperature. The production of parasite transmission stages declined with time. In conclusion, elevated temperature modifies the parasite transmission opportunities by increasing the duration of transmission stage production, which may affect the spread and establishment of the parasite in a wider range of rivers.
Collapse
|
125
|
|
126
|
Stress and Welfare of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) in a Coupled Aquaponic System. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
127
|
Kaczorek E, Szarek J, Mikiewicz M, Terech-Majewska E, Schulz P, Małaczewska J, Wójcik R, Siwicki AK. Effect of feed supplementation with kynurenic acid on the morphology of the liver, kidney and gills in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792), healthy and experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:873-884. [PMID: 27690267 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous substance produced on the kynurenine pathway which is primarily known for its neuroactive properties. Recently, it has been proven that KYNA is a selective ligand for G protein-coupled receptor (GPR 35), presented on immunocompetent cells such as T lymphocytes. This opens up new possibilities of its application as an immunostimulating substance in aquaculture. Thus far, no histopathological investigations in fish have been completed to evaluate influence of KYNA supplementation in feed. This study has been undertaken to determine the effect of feed supplementation with KYNA (2.5, 25, 250 mg kg-1 of feed) for 28 days on the liver, gills and kidney in healthy fish and experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. In a control group were observed a fatty liver, which is natural for this fish species in the autumn and winter season. As the dose of the supplement was increased, the fat liver changed, it decreased or completely disappeared. Additionally, inflammatory changes occurred in all the analysed organs, and their intensification was dose dependent. In the fish experimentally infected, KYNA caused aggravation of the signs in the liver, kidneys and gills, and the effect was dose dependent. The results implicate that KYNA may be a stressor for fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Kaczorek
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Mikiewicz
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - E Terech-Majewska
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Schulz
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Małaczewska
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - R Wójcik
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A K Siwicki
- Department Fish Pathology and Immunology, Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Li Y, Huang J, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Xia B, Wang Y, Kang Y, Wang J. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into hepatic responses to moderate heat stress in the rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Gene 2017; 619:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
129
|
Guevara Soto M, Vidondo B, Vaughan L, Rubin JF, Segner H, Samartin S, Schmidt-Posthaus H. Investigations into the temporal development of epitheliocystis infections in brown trout: a histological study. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:811-819. [PMID: 27670837 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epitheliocystis in Swiss brown trout (Salmo trutta) is a chlamydial infection, mainly caused by Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis and Candidatus Clavichlamydia salmonicola. To gain a better understanding of the temporal development of infections in wild brown trout, we investigated epitheliocystis infections during the course of the summer and autumn months of a single year (2015), and compared this to sampling points over the span of the years 2012-2014. The survey focused on tributaries (Venoge and Boiron) of the Rhone flowing in to Lake Geneva. When evaluated histologically, epitheliocystis infections were found throughout the period of investigation with the exception of the month of June. Fifty to 86 animals per sampling were investigated. Highest prevalence and infection intensities were seen in September. A correlation between epitheliocystis infection and water temperatures was not evident. Interyear comparison revealed consistent levels of prevalence and infection intensities in late summer. The absence of infections in June, combined with the consistent interyear results, indicates seasonal fluctuation of epitheliocystis infections in brown trout with a reservoir persisting during winter months from which infections can re-initiate each year. This could either be at levels below detection limits within the brown trout population itself or in an alternative host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Guevara Soto
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Vidondo
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Vaughan
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J-F Rubin
- Fondation de la Maison de la Rivière, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - H Segner
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Samartin
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H Schmidt-Posthaus
- Centre of Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Cheng CH, Ye CX, Guo ZX, Wang AL. Immune and physiological responses of pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) under cold stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 64:137-145. [PMID: 28263881 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is an important environmental factor in aquaculture farming that affects the survival and growth of organisms. In the present study, we investigated the effects of low temperature on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and apoptosis in pufferfish. In the stress group, water temperature decreased from 25 °C to 13 °C at a rate of 1 °C/1 h. Fish blood and liver were collected to assay biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and expression of genes at 25 °C, 21 °C, 17 °C, 13 °C and 13 °C for 24 h. The results showed that low temperature could decrease total blood cell count, inhibit cell viability, and subsequently lead to DNA damage. Biochemical parameters such as plasma protein and ALP significantly declined in fish under low temperature, while a significant increase in AST, ALT, LDH and glucose was observed. The gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), HSP90 and C3 were induced by low temperature stress. Furthermore, the gene expression of apoptotic related genes including P53, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were up-regulated, suggesting that caspase-dependent pathway could play important roles in low temperature-induced apoptosis in fish. This study may provide baseline information about how cold stress affects the physiological responses and apoptosis in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China.
| | - Chao-Xia Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center (SCS-REPIC), PR China.
| | - An-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Wu H, Liu J, Lu Z, Xu L, Ji C, Wang Q, Zhao J. Metabolite and gene expression responses in juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus exposed to reduced salinities. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:417-423. [PMID: 28245987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Seawater salinity is one of the most important changeable environmental factors influencing the behavior, survival, growth and production of marine organisms. In this work, metabolite and gene expression profiles were used to elucidate the biological effects of reduced salinities in juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Metabolic profiling indicated that both reduced salinities (23.3‰ and 15.6‰) enhanced proteolysis and disturbed osmotic regulation and energy metabolism in juvenile flounder P. olivaceus. Furthermore, the low salinity (15.6‰) enhanced anaerobic metabolism indicated by the elevated lactate in flounder tissue extracts. Gene expression profiles exhibited that reduced salinities could induce immune stress and oxidative stress and disturb energy metabolism in juvenile flounder P. olivaceus. In addition, reduced salinities might promote the growth and gonadal differentiation in juvenile flounder P. olivaceus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Jialin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lanlan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
DE Fuentes-Vicente JA, Cabrera-Bravo M, Enríquez-Vara JN, Bucio-Torres MI, Gutiérrez-Cabrera AE, Vidal-López DG, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Salazar-Schettino PM, Córdoba-Aguilar A. Relationships between altitude, triatomine (Triatoma dimidiata) immune response and virulence of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas' disease. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 31:63-71. [PMID: 27753118 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how the virulence of a human pathogen varies in the environment it shares with its vector. This study focused on whether the virulence of Trypanosoma cruzi (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), the causal agent of Chagas' disease, is related to altitude. Accordingly, Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) specimens were collected at three different altitudes (300, 700 and 1400 m a.s.l.) in Chiapas, Mexico. The parasite was then isolated to infect uninfected T. dimidiata from the same altitudes, as well as female CD-1 mice. The response variables were phenoloxidase (PO) activity, a key insect immune response, parasitaemia in mice, and amastigote numbers in the heart, oesophagus, gastrocnemius and brain of the rodents. The highest levels of PO activity, parasitaemia and amastigotes were found for Tryp. cruzi isolates sourced from 700 m a.s.l., particularly in the mouse brain. A polymerase chain reaction-based analysis indicated that all Tryp. cruzi isolates belonged to a Tryp. cruzi I lineage. Thus, Tryp. cruzi from 700 m a.s.l. may be more dangerous than sources at other altitudes. At this altitude, T. dimidiata is more common, apparently because the conditions are more beneficial to its development. Control strategies should focus activity at altitudes around 700 m a.s.l., at least in relation to the region of the present study sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A DE Fuentes-Vicente
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Cabrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J N Enríquez-Vara
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M I Bucio-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A E Gutiérrez-Cabrera
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - D G Vidal-López
- Laboratorio Experimental y Bioterio, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Mapastepec, Mexico
| | - J A Martínez-Ibarra
- Departamento de Desarrollo Regional, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - P M Salazar-Schettino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Segner H, Verburg-van Kemenade BML, Chadzinska M. The immunomodulatory role of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis: Proximate mechanism for reproduction-immune trade offs? DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 66:43-60. [PMID: 27404794 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses the communication between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis and the immune system of vertebrates, attempting to situate the HPG-immune interaction into the context of life history trade-offs between reproductive and immune functions. More specifically, (i) we review molecular and cellular interactions between hormones of the HPG axis, and, as far as known, the involved mechanisms on immune functions, (ii) we evaluate whether the HPG-immune crosstalk serves as proximate mechanism mediating reproductive-immune trade-offs, and (iii) we ask whether the nature of the HPG-immune interaction is conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, despite the changes in immune functions, reproductive modes, and life histories. In all vertebrate classes studied so far, HPG hormones have immunomodulatory functions, and indications exist that they contribute to reproduction-immunity resource trade-offs, although the very limited information available for most non-mammalian vertebrates makes it difficult to judge how comparable or different the interactions are. There is good evidence that the HPG-immune crosstalk is part of the proximate mechanisms underlying the reproductive-immune trade-offs of vertebrates, but it is only one factor in a complex network of factors and processes. The fact that the HPG-immune interaction is flexible and can adapt to the functional and physiological requirements of specific life histories. Moreover, the assumption of a relatively fixed pattern of HPG influence on immune functions, with, for example, androgens always leading to immunosuppression and estrogens always being immunoprotective, is probably oversimplified, but the HPG-immune interaction can vary depending on the physiological and envoironmental context. Finally, the HPG-immune interaction is not only driven by resource trade-offs, but additional factors such as, for instance, the evolution of viviparity shape this neuroendocrine-immune relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Dept of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, P.O. Box, CH-3001, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - B M Lidy Verburg-van Kemenade
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Dept. of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Chadzinska
- Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Kaneshige N, Jirapongpairoj W, Hirono I, Kondo H. Temperature-dependent regulation of gene expression in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus kidney after Edwardsiella tarda formalin-killed cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 59:298-304. [PMID: 27815208 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Temperature affects the activities of the immune system and the susceptibility of fish to pathogens. To investigate the modulation of temperature on immune related gene expression in formalin-killed cells (FKC) of Edwardsiella tarda-injected Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, fish reared at 15 or 22 °C were injected with FKC of E. tarda. The up-regulation of immune related genes was detected in FKC-injected fish at both temperatures by qPCR. The mRNA expression of IFNγ was highly up-regulated at 6 h post injection (hpi) in FKC-injected fish at 15 °C, whereas at 22 °C, strong up-regulation of the gene was detected at 3 hpi The mRNA expression level of IRF1 was detected from 3 hpi to day 14 post injection in fish reared at 15 °C, but the gene was up-regulated from 3 to 6 hpi in fish reared at 22 °C. Comprehensive gene expression profiling showed that immune related genes are differentially expressed between 15 and 22 °C. Genes involved in the IFNγ signaling pathway were up-regulated at 22 °C but not at 15 °C. These results demonstrate that gene(s) involved in IFNγ signaling pathway in Japanese flounder stimulated with FKC of E. tarda are regulated by temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norie Kaneshige
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Walissara Jirapongpairoj
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Metochis CP, Spanos I, Auchinachie N, Crampton VO, Bell JG, Adams A, Thompson KD. The effects of increasing dietary levels of soy protein concentrate (SPC) on the immune responses and disease resistance (furunculosis) of vaccinated and non-vaccinated Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 59:83-94. [PMID: 27742588 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile salmon, with an initial weight of 9 g, were fed three experimental diets, formulated to replace 35 (SPC35), 58 (SPC58) and 80 (SPC80) of high quality fishmeal (FM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in quadruplicate tanks. Higher dietary SPC inclusion was combined with increased supplementation of methionine, lysine, threonine and phosphorus. The experiment was carried out for 177 days. On day 92 salmon in each tank were bulk weighed. Post weighing eighty salmon from each tank were redistributed in two sets of 12 tanks. Salmon from the first set of tanks were vaccinated, while the second group was injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Salmon were sampled on day 92 (pre-vaccination), day 94 (2 days post vaccination [dpv]/PBS injection [dpPBSinj]) and day 154 (62 dpv/dpPBSinj) of the trial for the assessment of their immune responses, prior to the performance of salmon bulk weights for each tank. On day 154, fish from each tank were again bulk weighed and then seventeen salmon per tank were redistributed in two sets of twelve tanks and intra-peritoneally infected with Aeromonas salmonicida. At Day 154, SPC80 demonstrated lower performance (weight gain, specific growth rate and thermal growth coefficient and feed conversion ratio) compared to SPC35 salmon. Reduced classical and total complement activities for salmon fed diets with over 58% of protein from SPC, were demonstrated prior to vaccination. Reduced alternative complement activity was detected for both SPC58 and SPC80 salmon at 2 dpv and for the SPC80 group at 62 dpv. Total and classical complement activities demonstrated no differences among the dietary groups after vaccination. Numerical increases in classical complement activity were apparent upon increased dietary SPC levels. Increased phagocytic activity (% phagocytosis and phagocytic index) was exhibited for the SPC58 group compared to SPC35 salmon at 62 dpPBSinj. No differences in serum lysozyme activity, total IgM, specific antibodies, protein, glucose and HKM respiratory burst were detected among the dietary groups at any timepoint or state. Mortalities as a result of the experimental infection only occurred in PBS-injected fish. No differences in mortality levels were demonstrated among the dietary groups. SPC58 diet supported both good growth and health in juvenile Atlantic salmon while SPC80 diet did not compromise salmon' immunity or resistance to intraperitoneally inflicted furunculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoforos P Metochis
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
| | - I Spanos
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - N Auchinachie
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | | | - J G Bell
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - A Adams
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - K D Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, UK
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Bresolin de Souza K, Asker N, Jönsson E, Förlin L, Sturve J. Increased activity of lysozyme and complement system in Atlantic halibut exposed to elevated CO 2 at six different temperatures. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 122:143-147. [PMID: 27692432 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and rising seawater temperature are environmental stressors resulting from the continuous increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration due to anthropogenic activities. As a consequence, marine fish are expected to undergo conditions outside of their tolerance range, leading to physiological challenges with possible detrimental implications. Our research group has previously shown that exposure to elevated CO2 modulated the immune system of the Atlantic halibut. To further investigate this finding, we analysed non-specific immune components in blood plasma of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) juveniles acclimated to six different temperatures (5, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 °C), and to water pH of 8.0 (control) or 7.6 (predicted for year 2100) for three months. Plasma ions (K+, Na+, Ca++, Cl-) and lactate concentrations were also measured. The analysis of plasma ions did not show any trends related to temperature or CO2 exposure, and the majority of the experimental fish were able to maintain ionic balance. The results show that both innate immune components (lysozyme and alternative complement system) had increased activities in response to elevated CO2, representing a CO2-related impact on the halibut's immune system. The increased activity of lysozyme and complement system is possibly part of the acclimatization process, and might be protective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Bresolin de Souza
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, Box 463, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - N Asker
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, Box 463, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Jönsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, Box 463, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - L Förlin
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, Box 463, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, Box 463, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Burgos-Aceves MA, Cohen A, Smith Y, Faggio C. Estrogen regulation of gene expression in the teleost fish immune system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:42-49. [PMID: 27633675 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanisms of estrogens-induced immunomodulation in teleost fish is of great importance due to the observed worldwide continuing decrease in pristine environments. However, little is know about the immunotoxicological consequences of exposure to these chemicals in fish, or of the mechanisms through which these effects are mediated. In this review, we summarize the results showing estrogens (natural or synthetic) acting through estrogen receptors and regulating specific target genes, also through microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to modulation of the immune functioning. The identification and characterization of miRNAs will provide new opportunities for functional genome research on teleost immune system and can also be useful when screening for novel molecule biomarkers for environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas de Noroeste, S.C., Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz BCS, 23090, México
| | - Amit Cohen
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yoav Smith
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Chen TS, Wu YC, Chi SC. Decreasing salinity of seawater moderates immune response and increases survival rate of giant groupers post betanodavirus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:325-334. [PMID: 27569983 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Giant groupers (Epinephelus lanceolatus), an important aquaculture fish in Asia, are attacked by nervous necrosis virus (NNV), belonging to betanodavirus. Environmental salinity can affect fish immunity and physiology. We examined whether decreasing salinity from 30 to 15 ppt during acclimation of groupers could affect survival with NNV infection and the associated factors. Although NNV infection decreased muscle moisture, up-regulated the gene expression of Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter isoform 2, and elevated plasma cortisol level in groupers, these factors were not related to the higher mortality of groupers reared at 30-ppt salinity (S30-groupers), compared to 15-ppt reared groupers (S15-groupers). Infected S30-groupers exhibited high leukocyte count and innate immune gene expression level. Moreover, NNV-infected dead S30-groupers showed high IL-1β gene expression level but low NNV load in the brain. The high or excess IL-1β gene expression levels in the brain of NNV-infected S30-groupers may be the factor in high mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tz-Shiang Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Shau-Chi Chi
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Kavaliauskis A, Arnemo M, Speth M, Lagos L, Rishovd AL, Estepa A, Griffiths G, Gjøen T. Protective effect of a recombinant VHSV-G vaccine using poly(I:C) loaded nanoparticles as an adjuvant in zebrafish (Danio rerio) infection model. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 61:248-257. [PMID: 27084059 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a constant need to increase the efficiency of vaccines in the aquaculture industry. Although several nano-based vaccine formulations have been reported, to the best of our knowledge so far only one of them have been implemented in the industry. Here we report on chitosan-poly(I:C) nanoparticles (NPs) that could be used as a non-specific adjuvant in antiviral vaccines in aquaculture. We have characterized the physical parameters of the NPs, studied the in vivo and in vitro bio-distribution of fluorescent NPs and verified NP uptake by zebrafish leucocytes. We used the zebrafish model to test the protective efficiency of the recombinant glycoprotein G (rgpG) of VHSV compared to inactivated whole virus (iV) against VHSV using NPs as an adjuvant in both formulations. In parallel we tested free poly(I:C) and rgpG (pICrgpG), and free chitosan and rgpG (CSrgpG) vaccine formulations. While the iV group (with NP adjuvant) provided the highest overall survival, all vaccine formulations with poly(I:C) provided a significant protection against VHSV; possibly through an early induction of an anti-viral state. Our results suggest that chitosan-poly(I:C) NPs are a promising adjuvant candidate for future vaccine formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturas Kavaliauskis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Arnemo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Speth
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leidy Lagos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Rishovd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Gareth Griffiths
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Gjøen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Le Guernic A, Sanchez W, Bado-Nilles A, Palluel O, Turies C, Chadili E, Cavalié I, Delahaut L, Adam-Guillermin C, Porcher JM, Geffard A, Betoulle S, Gagnaire B. In situ effects of metal contamination from former uranium mining sites on the health of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus, L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1234-1259. [PMID: 27272751 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have led to increased levels of various pollutants including metals in aquatic ecosystems. Increase of metallic concentrations in aquatic environments represents a potential risk to exposed organisms, including fish. The aim of this study was to characterize the environmental risk to fish health linked to a polymetallic contamination from former uranium mines in France. This contamination is characterized by metals naturally present in the areas (manganese and iron), uranium, and metals (aluminum and barium) added to precipitate uranium and its decay products. Effects from mine releases in two contaminated ponds (Pontabrier for Haute-Vienne Department and Saint-Pierre for Cantal Department) were compared to those assessed at four other ponds outside the influence of mine tailings (two reference ponds/department). In this way, 360 adult three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were caged for 28 days in these six ponds before biomarker analyses (immune system, antioxidant system, biometry, histology, DNA integrity, etc.). Ponds receiving uranium mine tailings presented higher concentrations of uranium, manganese and aluminum, especially for the Haute-Vienne Department. This uranium contamination could explain the higher bioaccumulation of this metal in fish caged in Pontabrier and Saint-Pierre Ponds. In the same way, many fish biomarkers (antioxidant and immune systems, acetylcholinesterase activity and biometric parameters) were impacted by this environmental exposure to mine tailings. This study shows the interest of caging and the use of a multi-biomarker approach in the study of a complex metallic contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Le Guernic
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Centre de Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France.
| | - Wilfried Sanchez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turies
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Edith Chadili
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Isabelle Cavalié
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Centre de Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Laurence Delahaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Centre de Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Betoulle
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 (INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Université du Havre) SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Béatrice Gagnaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Centre de Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Kim BS, Jung SJ, Choi YJ, Kim NN, Choi CY, Kim JW. Effects of different light wavelengths from LEDs on oxidative stress and apoptosis in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) at high water temperatures. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:460-468. [PMID: 27320868 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated how different light spectra affect thermal stress in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), using light emitting diodes (LEDs; blue, 450 nm; green, 530 nm; red, 630 nm) at two intensities (0.3 and 0.5 W/m(2)) at relatively high water temperatures (25 and 30 °C, compared to a control condition of 20 °C). We measured the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and the levels of plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Furthermore, the levels and mRNA expression of caspase-3 were measured, and terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays of liver and comet assays were performed. The expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as plasma H2O2 and LPO levels were significantly higher after exposure to high temperatures, and significantly lower after exposure to green and blue light. Caspase-3 levels and mRNA expression showed a similar pattern. The TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis markedly increased at higher water temperatures, compared with the 20 °C control. In contrast, green light irradiation decreased apoptosis rate. Furthermore, the comet assays showed that nuclear DNA damage was caused by thermal stress, and that green light irradiation played a role in partially preventing this damage. Overall, these results suggest that light with green and blue wavelengths can reduce both high temperature-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and that particularly green light is efficient for this. Therefore, green light can play a role in protecting in olive flounder from thermal stress damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Seok Kim
- Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju, 63068, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Jin Jung
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Na Kim
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Woo Kim
- Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju, 63068, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Do Huu H, Sang HM, Thanh Thuy NT. Dietary β-glucan improved growth performance, Vibrio counts, haematological parameters and stress resistance of pompano fish, Trachinotus ovatus Linnaeus, 1758. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:402-410. [PMID: 27036404 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated effects of graded levels of dietary β-glucan (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 g kg(-1)) on growth performance, haematological parameters, intestinal Vibrio counts, dose requirement and salinity stress resistance in pompano fish Trachinotus ovatus (6.45 g ± 0.06 (SEM)). After 8-weeks of diet feeding, growth was significantly higher in fish fed diets with 0.10% β-glucan compared to fish fed control diet (no β-glucan). Survival increased significantly in fish fed 0.05 and 0.10% β-glucan compared to control diet. There were significant increases in red blood cells (in 0.20% β-glucan diet), in total leukocytes (in 0.05-0.20% β-glucan diet), in both lymphocyte and monocyte count in fish fed 0.10%-0.40% β-glucan diet. However, dietary β-glucan did not affect neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil counts. Intestinal Vibrio counts were reduced in fish fed any level of β-glucan compared to control. In addition, dietary β-glucan levels highly correlated with growth, survival, intestinal Vibrio counts and haematological index. Optimal β-glucan levels for maximal growth of fish were predicted to be 0.122% at day 21 (R(2) = 98.53%), 0.120% at day 28 (R(2) = 78.55%), 0.115% at day 42 (R(2) = 62.21%) and 0.090% at day 56 (R(2) = 75.18%), showing a decreasing β-glucan requirement with increasing fish size. Furthermore, optimal β-glucan levels for maximal haematological parameters based on lymphocyte count, was estimated to be 0.120% (R(2) = 98.53%) at day 56. Also, fish fed 0.05%-0.20% β-glucan showed better resistance against salinity stress. In conclusion, β-glucan supplementation is effective for improving growth, intestinal Vibrio counts and boosted stress resistance of the pompano fish, T. ovatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Do Huu
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Oceanography, 01 Cau Da, Nha Trang, Viet Nam.
| | - Huynh Minh Sang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Oceanography, 01 Cau Da, Nha Trang, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Oceanography, 01 Cau Da, Nha Trang, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Elabd H, Wang HP, Shaheen A, Yao H, Abbass A. Astragalus membranaceus (AM) enhances growth performance and antioxidant stress profiles in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:955-966. [PMID: 26729192 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the potential effects of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) on the growth performance and antioxidative stress response in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) exposed to challenging cold water temperature conditions. In this regard, fish with an average weight of 43 ± 1 g were divided into four groups and fed daily with an AM-free diet (control), and 1.5, 3, and 4.5 % (w/w) AM-incorporated diets for an 8-week period. Oxidative stress response, biochemical, and growth parameters were measured, and subgroups of fish were exposed to the outside challenging cold pond water temperature (1.6-9.9 °C) with an average of 7.0 ± 0.1 °C beyond the optimal temperature. The results showed that incorporating AM in the diet significantly improved growth performance parameters (body mass gain, specific growth rate, length, condition factor, and feed conversion ratio) and biochemicals (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase activities, and glucose and cortisol concentrations). In addition, markedly up-regulated superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities were observed in AM-treated fish groups over the control. Conclusively, feeding AM diets significantly increased (P < 0.05) growth performance and antioxidative stress profiles throughout the entire experiment, and this increase was much more pronounced at 8 weeks after the water temperature began to rise, which can be related to the nature of Bluegill fish as it is known to be a warm water fish. These findings are considered to be of great importance for sustainable aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Elabd
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, 45661, USA
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Han-Ping Wang
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, 45661, USA.
| | - Adel Shaheen
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Hong Yao
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, 45661, USA
| | - Amany Abbass
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Makrinos DL, Bowden TJ. Natural environmental impacts on teleost immune function. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 53:50-57. [PMID: 26973022 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The environment in which teleosts exist can experience considerable change. Short-term changes can occur in relation to tidal movements or adverse weather events. Long-term changes can be caused by anthropogenic impacts such as climate change, which can result in changes to temperature, acidity, salinity and oxygen capacity of aquatic environments. These changes can have important impacts on the physiology of an animal, including its immune system. This can have consequences on the well-being of the animal and its ability to protect against pathogens. This review will look at recent investigations of these types of environmental change on the immune response in teleosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy J Bowden
- School of Food & Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Barber I, Berkhout BW, Ismail Z. Thermal Change and the Dynamics of Multi-Host Parasite Life Cycles in Aquatic Ecosystems. Integr Comp Biol 2016; 56:561-72. [PMID: 27252219 PMCID: PMC5035383 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icw025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered thermal regimes associated with climate change are impacting significantly on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Earth's natural ecosystems, with important implications for the biology of aquatic organisms. As well as impacting the biology of individual species, changing thermal regimes have the capacity to mediate ecological interactions between species, and the potential for climate change to impact host-parasite interactions in aquatic ecosystems is now well recognized. Predicting what will happen to the prevalence and intensity of infection of parasites with multiple hosts in their life cycles is especially challenging because the addition of each additional host dramatically increases the potential permutations of response. In this short review, we provide an overview of the diverse routes by which altered thermal regimes can impact the dynamics of multi-host parasite life cycles in aquatic ecosystems. In addition, we examine how experimentally amenable host-parasite systems are being used to determine the consequences of changing environmental temperatures for these different types of mechanism. Our overarching aim is to examine the potential of changing thermal regimes to alter not only the biology of hosts and parasites, but also the biology of interactions between hosts and parasites. We also hope to illustrate the complexity that is likely to be involved in making predictions about the dynamics of infection by multi-host parasites in thermally challenged aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iain Barber
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Boris W Berkhout
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Zalina Ismail
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Subbotkin MF, Subbotkina TA. Variability of the lysozyme content in bream from the Rybinsk Reservoir in different seasons of the annual cycle. BIOL BULL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359016020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
147
|
Jung SJ, Choi YJ, Kim NN, Choi JY, Kim BS, Choi CY. Effects of melatonin injection or green-wavelength LED light on the antioxidant system in goldfish (Carassius auratus) during thermal stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:157-166. [PMID: 26965749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We tested the mitigating effects of melatonin injections or irradiation from green-wavelength light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to thermal stress (high water temperature, 30 °C). The effects of the two treatments were assessed by measuring the expression and activity levels of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, plasma hydrogen peroxide, lipid hydroperoxide, and lysozyme. In addition, a comet assay was conducted to confirm that high water temperature damaged nuclear DNA. The expression and activity of the antioxidant enzymes, plasma hydrogen peroxide, and lipid hydroperoxide were significantly higher after exposure to high temperature and were significantly lower in fish that received melatonin or LED light than in those that received no mitigating treatment. Plasma lysozyme was significantly lower after exposure to high temperature and was significantly higher after exposure to melatonin or LED light. The comet assay revealed that thermal stress caused a great deal of damage to nuclear DNA; however, treatment with melatonin or green-wavelength LED light prevented a significant portion of this damage from occurring. These results indicate that, although high temperatures induce oxidative stress and reduce immune system strength in goldfish, both melatonin and green-wavelength LED light inhibit oxidative stress and boost the immune system. LED treatment increased the antioxidant and immune system activity more significantly than did melatonin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Jin Jung
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jae Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| | - Na Na Kim
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Yong Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong-Seok Kim
- Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju, 63068, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Singh SP, Sharma J, Ahmad T, Chakrabarti R. Oxygen stress: impact on innate immune system, antioxidant defence system and expression of HIF-1α and ATPase 6 genes in Catla catla. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:673-688. [PMID: 26588934 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Catla catla catla (2.28 ± 0.1 g) were exposed to six different levels of dissolved oxygen: 1 (DO-1), 3 (DO-3), 5 (DO-5), 7 (DO-7), 9 (DO-9) and 11 (DO-11) mg/L. DO-5 served as control. In DO-1 and DO-3, the number of red blood cells (RBC), lysozyme, respiratory burst activity and nitric oxide synthase were significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared to the control one. In DO-7 and DO-9, RBC and lysozyme were significantly (p < 0.05) higher compared to the control one. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in catla exposed at low (1 and 3 mg/L) and high (9 and 11 mg/L) dissolved oxygen compared to others. In muscles and hepatopancreas, reduced glutathione was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in DO-5 and DO-7 and in gills of DO-5 compared to others after 1 h. In muscles, glutathione S-transferase (GST) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in DO-5 and DO-7 compared to others. In hepatopancreas, GST and glutathione peroxidise (GPx) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in DO-1 and DO-3 compared to others. In gills, GPx was higher in DO-9 and DO-11 after 48 h. In brain, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α mRNA level was induced in DO-1 and DO-3 compared to others after 1 h of exposure. In gills and hepatopancreas, HIF-1α mRNA level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in DO-1 compared to others after 1 h. The ATPase 6 mRNA level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in brain and hepatopancreas of DO-1 after 1 h and in gills and hepatopancreas of DO-3 and DO-9, respectively, after 48 h compared to others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Pal Singh
- Aqua Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - JaiGopal Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Tauqueer Ahmad
- Aqua Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rina Chakrabarti
- Aqua Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Eisenlord ME, Groner ML, Yoshioka RM, Elliott J, Maynard J, Fradkin S, Turner M, Pyne K, Rivlin N, van Hooidonk R, Harvell CD. Ochre star mortality during the 2014 wasting disease epizootic: role of population size structure and temperature. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150212. [PMID: 26880844 PMCID: PMC4760142 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 20 species of asteroids were devastated by a sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epizootic, linked to a densovirus, from Mexico to Alaska in 2013 and 2014. For Pisaster ochraceus from the San Juan Islands, South Puget Sound and Washington outer coast, time-series monitoring showed rapid disease spread, high mortality rates in 2014, and continuing levels of wasting in the survivors in 2015. Peak prevalence of disease at 16 sites ranged to 100%, with an overall mean of 61%. Analysis of longitudinal data showed disease risk was correlated with both size and temperature and resulted in shifts in population size structure; adult populations fell to one quarter of pre-outbreak abundances. In laboratory experiments, time between development of disease signs and death was influenced by temperature in adults but not juveniles and adult mortality was 18% higher in the 19 °C treatment compared to the lower temperature treatments. While larger ochre stars developed disease signs sooner than juveniles, diseased juveniles died more quickly than diseased adults. Unusual 2-3 °C warm temperature anomalies were coincident with the summer 2014 mortalities. We suggest these warm waters could have increased the disease progression and mortality rates of SSWD in Washington State.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Eisenlord
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Maya L Groner
- Department of Health Management, University of Prince Edward Island, Atlantic Veterinary College, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - Reyn M Yoshioka
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Joel Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA 98416, USA
| | - Jeffrey Maynard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA Laboratoire d'Excellence «CORAIL» USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE, CRIOBE, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française
| | - Steven Fradkin
- Lake Crescent Laboratory, Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA 98362, USA
| | - Margaret Turner
- Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
| | - Katie Pyne
- Department of Biology, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA 98416, USA
| | - Natalie Rivlin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Ruben van Hooidonk
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA
| | - C Drew Harvell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Eslamloo K, Morshedi V, Azodi M, Akhavan SR. Effect of starvation on some immunological and biochemical parameters in tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii). JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2015.1124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Eslamloo
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
| | - Vahid Morshedi
- Member of Young Researchers Chub, Ilam Azad University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Azodi
- Persian Gulf Research and Study Centre, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sobhan R Akhavan
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khoramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| |
Collapse
|