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Kmentová N, Van Steenberge M, Thys van den Audenaerde DFE, Nhiwatiwa T, Muterezi Bukinga F, Mulimbwa N’sibula T, Masilya Mulungula P, Gelnar M, Vanhove MPM. Co-introduction success of monogeneans infecting the fisheries target Limnothrissa miodon differs between two non-native areas: the potential of parasites as a tag for introduction pathway. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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102
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Non-native parasitic copepod Neoergasilus japonicus (Harada, 1930) utilizes non-native fish host Lepomis gibbosus (L.) in the floodplain of the River Dyje (Danube basin). Parasitol Res 2018; 118:57-62. [PMID: 30353234 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The parasitic copepod Neoergasilus japonicus (Harada, 1930) (Ergasilidae), native to east Asia, is widely distributed in Asia, Europe, and North and Central America. Recently, this species appeared in lentic water bodies of the River Dyje floodplain (Danube basin, Czech Republic). It was first recorded in 2015 and in 2 years it reached a 100% prevalence in recently expanding non-native fish host, Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Centrarchidae, native to North America) at two borrow pits. Abundance of N. japonicus increased with fish length, with maximum intensity of infection reaching 99 parasites per fish. The parasite was most frequently found attached to the dorsal and anal fins of fish, while preference for the dorsal fin was more evident with lower infection intensities. Utilization of expanding fish hosts in water bodies that are regularly interconnected via natural or managed flooding may support the rapid dispersal of this non-native parasite.
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103
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Hohenadler MAA, Honka KI, Emde S, Klimpel S, Sures B. First evidence for a possible invasional meltdown among invasive fish parasites. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15085. [PMID: 30305713 PMCID: PMC6180077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions are frequently studied topics in ecological research. Unfortunately, within invasion ecology parasite-associated aspects such as parasite impacts on new environments and on local host populations are less well-studied. Round gobies migrating from the Ponto-Caspian region into the Rhine River system are heavily infested with the Ponto-Caspian acanthocephalan parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis. As shown by experimental infestations the acanthocephalans occur as pre-adults in host-encapsulated cysts within the internal organs of the migrating gobies, but remain infective for their definitive host chub. Recently, we described the occurrence of larvae of another parasite, the invasive eel swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus, in these Pomphorhynchus cysts. In the present study, we could prove the infectivity of the nematode larvae for European eels for the first time. After experimental inoculation of Pomphorhynchus cysts occasionally infested with A. crassus larvae, the nematodes grow to maturity and reproduce whereas all P. laevis were unviable. We therefore postulate that the nematode larvae behave like immunological hitchhikers that follow a “Trojan horse strategy” in order to avoid the paratenic host’s immune response. Accordingly, the interaction between both invasive parasites gives first evidence that the invasional meltdown hypothesis may also apply to parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A Hohenadler
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - K I Honka
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - S Emde
- Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen (LANUV), Fisheries Ecology, Heinsberger Str. 53, 57399, Kirchhundem-Albaum, Germany.,Goethe-University, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity; Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Klimpel
- Goethe-University, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity; Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - B Sures
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany. .,Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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104
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Boussellaa W, Neifar L, Goedknegt MA, Thieltges DW. Lessepsian migration and parasitism: richness, prevalence and intensity of parasites in the invasive fish Sphyraena chrysotaenia compared to its native congener Sphyraena sphyraena in Tunisian coastal waters. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5558. [PMID: 30233995 PMCID: PMC6140674 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parasites can play various roles in the invasion of non-native species, but these are still understudied in marine ecosystems. This also applies to invasions from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, the so-called Lessepsian migration. In this study, we investigated the role of parasites in the invasion of the Lessepsian migrant Sphyraena chrysotaenia in the Tunisian Mediterranean Sea. Methods We compared metazoan parasite richness, prevalence and intensity of S. chrysotaenia (Perciformes: Sphyraenidae) with infections in its native congener Sphyraena sphyraena by sampling these fish species at seven locations along the Tunisian coast. Additionally, we reviewed the literature to identify native and invasive parasite species recorded in these two hosts. Results Our results suggest the loss of at least two parasite species of the invasive fish. At the same time, the Lessepsian migrant has co-introduced three parasite species during the initial migration to the Mediterranean Sea, that are assumed to originate from the Red Sea of which only one parasite species has been reported during the spread to Tunisian waters. In addition, we found that the invasive fish has acquired six parasite species that are native in the Mediterranean Sea. However, parasite richness, prevalence and intensity were overall much lower in the invasive compared to the native fish host in the Mediterranean Sea. Discussion These results suggest that the Lessepsian migrant may affect native fish hosts by potentially altering the dynamics of native and invasive parasite-host interactions via parasite release, parasite co-introduction and parasite acquisition. They further suggest that the lower infection levels in the invasive fish may result in a competitive advantage over native fish hosts (enemy release hypothesis). This study demonstrates that cross-species comparisons of parasite infection levels are a valuable tool to identify the different roles of parasites in the course of Lessepsian migrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Boussellaa
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.,Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg Texel, Netherlands
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Anouk Goedknegt
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg Texel, Netherlands
| | - David W Thieltges
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg Texel, Netherlands
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105
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Robinson CV, Garcia de Leaniz C, James J, Cable J, Orozco‐terWengel P, Consuegra S. Genetic diversity and parasite facilitated establishment of the invasive signal crayfish ( Pacifastacus leniusculus) in Great Britain. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9181-9191. [PMID: 30377493 PMCID: PMC6194297 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful establishment of non-native species is strongly influenced, among other factors, by the genetic variation of founding populations, which can be enhanced by multiple introductions through admixture. Coexisting pathogens can also facilitate the establishment of non-native species by detrimentally impacting on the native fauna acting as novel weapons. The signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is a highly invasive species, which has caused mass declines of native crayfish in Europe through displacement and transmission of the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci (crayfish plague), which is typically lethal to native European crayfish. However, whether Aphanomyces astaci may have facilitated the invasion of the signal crayfish is not known. We estimated the genetic diversity at microsatellite DNA loci, effective population size, and potential origins of seven infected and noninfected signal crayfish populations in Europe and one founder population in North America. Approximate Bayesian computation analysis and population structuring suggested multiple host introductions from diverse source populations, as well as higher heterozygosity among infected than uninfected populations, which could reflect a fitness advantage. Low effective population size, moderate heterozygosity, and lack of isolation by distance suggest that some invasive signal crayfish populations may not be fully established or that their genetic diversity may have been reduced by eradication attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joanna James
- Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesUK
- Environment AgencyBramptonUK
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106
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Invasive parasites are detectable by their abundance-occupancy relationships: the case of helminths from Liza haematocheilus (Teleostei: Mugilidae). Int J Parasitol 2018; 48:793-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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107
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Chalkowski K, Lepczyk CA, Zohdy S. Parasite Ecology of Invasive Species: Conceptual Framework and New Hypotheses. Trends Parasitol 2018; 34:655-663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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108
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Romeo C, McInnes CJ, Dale TD, Shuttleworth C, Bertolino S, Wauters LA, Ferrari N. Disease, invasions and conservation: no evidence of squirrelpox virus in grey squirrels introduced to Italy. Anim Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Romeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | | | - T. D. Dale
- Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - C. Shuttleworth
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography Bangor University Bangor Gwynedd UK
| | - S. Bertolino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Università degli Studi di Torino Torino Italy
| | - L. A. Wauters
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Varese Italy
| | - N. Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Coordinata Epidemiologia e Sorveglianza Molecolare delle Infezioni Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
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109
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Castillo C, Lobos G, González-Acuña D, Moreno L, González CE, Landaeta-Aqueveque C. First parasitological study of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis, Amphibia) in Chile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 26:243-247. [PMID: 28746452 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612017029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduced species can arrive into new territories with parasites; however, these species are expected to face lower parasite richness than in their original regions. Both introduced hosts and parasites can affect native fauna. Since their release into the wild in Chile following laboratory use, Xenopus laevis Daudin, 1802 has widely spread throughout central Chile. The only pathogen described on the host is the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Longcore, Pessier, Nichols, 1999; thus, this is the first parasitological study of this species in Chile. In 10 localities in central Chile, 179 specimens of X. laevis were captured and examined for parasites in the gastrointestinal tube, cavities, lungs, liver, and skin. Only nine specimens of the genus Contracaecum Railliet, Henry, 1912 were found in six specimens of X. laevis from a private dam in La Patagua. It is likely that these parasites originated from species of native birds. This is the first record of Contracaecum sp. in Chilean amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Castillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Gabriel Lobos
- Centro de Gestión Ambiental y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Lucila Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cynthya Elizabeth González
- Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Corrientes, Argentina
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110
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Costa APL, Takemoto RM, Vitule JRS. Metazoan parasites of Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède 1802) (Perciformes, Centrarchidae): a review with evidences of spillover and spillback. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:1671-1681. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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111
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Molecular characterization of cosmopolitan and potentially co-invasive helminths of commensal, murid rodents in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:1729-1736. [PMID: 29623437 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent studies of helminth parasites of introduced and native rodent species are few and miss the opportunity to identify potential co-invasive parasite species. This study employed molecular tools to infer the phylogeny and elucidate the origin of potentially co-invasive parasites of commensal, murid rodents by assessing introduced Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus, Rattus tanezumi, and native Mastomys coucha in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Genotypes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis recovered from R. norvegicus are nearly identical to those recovered from elsewhere in the world. The pinworms, Aspiculurus tetraptera, recovered from introduced R. tanezumi and R. rattus, Syphacia muris recovered from R. tanezumi, and Syphacia obvelata recovered from indigenous M. coucha have affiliations to those recovered of laboratory rodents from the USA and China. Syphacia obvelata was previously only known as a commensal endoparasite of laboratory rodents, and the S. muris genotype recovered from R. tanezumi in this study shows an affiliation to a genotype recovered from the same host species in Indonesia which is part of the native range. The study emphasizes the need for surveillance of potential co-invasive species and contributes in documenting genetic diversity of endoparasites of well-known hosts.
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112
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Prevalence, risk factors, and genetic diversity of veterinary important tick-borne pathogens in cattle from Rhipicephalus microplus-invaded and non-invaded areas of Benin. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 9:450-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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113
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Monogenean parasites infect ornamental fish imported to Australia. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:995-1011. [PMID: 29427156 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The ornamental fish trade provides a pathway for the global translocation of aquatic parasites. We examined a total of 1020 fish imported from Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, or Sri Lanka to Australia (including freshwater and marine fish species) for monogenean ectoparasites. Fish were received following veterinary certification that they showed no clinical signs of pests and diseases from the exporting country and visual inspection at Australian border control. Australian import conditions require mandatory treatment for goldfish with parasiticides (e.g. trichlorfon, formaldehyde, sodium chloride) for the presence of gill flukes (Dactylogyrus vastator Nybelin, 1924 and Dactylogyrus extensus Mueller and Van Cleave, 1932) prior to export. Over 950 individual parasites were detected in five imported fish species, representing 14 monogenean species. Seven Dactylogyrus spp. including D. vastator and three Gyrodactylus spp. infected goldfish, Carassius auratus Linnaeus, 1758, from Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Dactylogyrus ostraviensis Řehulka, 1988, infected rosy barb, Pethia conchonius Hamilton, 1822, from Singapore, Sri Lanka, and Thailand while two Trianchoratus spp. infected three spot gourami, Trichopodus trichopterus Pallas, 1970 and pearl gourami Trichopodus leerii Bleeker, 1852, from Sri Lanka. Urocleidoides reticulatus Mizelle & Price, 1964, infected guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859, from Sri Lanka. The discovery of D. vastator in goldfish, as well as 13 other monogenean species, shows that pre-export health requirements, which include chemical treatment of goldfish, and inspection of all ornamental fish species did not prevent infection by monogeneans. Inspection prior to exportation and at border control must account for the highly cryptic nature of monogenean parasites and consider alternatives to current pre-export conditions and visual inspection at border control.
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114
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Hasegawa H, Kadota Y, Ikeda Y, Sato A, Matsuura K. Helminth Parasites of Polypedates leucomystax (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) in Yaeyama Islands, Southern Ryukyu, Okinawa, Japan. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.37.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hasegawa
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, JAPAN
| | - Yohei Kadota
- Japan Forest Technology Association, 6 Rokuban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0085, JAPAN
| | - Yatsukaho Ikeda
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, JAPAN
| | - Akiko Sato
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, JAPAN
| | - Keiko Matsuura
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, JAPAN
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Pumidonming W, Katahira H, Igarashi M, Salman D, Abdelbaset AE, Sangkaeo K. Potential risk of a liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini infection brought by immigrants from prevalent areas: A case study in the lower Northern Thailand. Acta Trop 2018; 178:213-218. [PMID: 29191517 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Considering the long lifespan of the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, human mobility from prevalent regions to other neighboring areas has the possibility to disperse carriers and complicate the opisthorchiasis problem. To evaluate this, mass screening of the fluke infection was conducted in nine communities of lower Northern Thailand, combined with a questionnaire survey to distinguish the participant's origin. The liver fluke infection was found in 70 individuals (7.2%) of the examined 971 stool samples from seven communities, with light intensity providing small numbers of eggs in the examined stool. Prevalence in the positive communities varied from 2.1% to 28.7%. As a result of generalized linear mixed models fitting, regional origin and raw-fish eating habits were stably selected as variables affecting the parasite infection while occupation and educational background were secondary ones. Majority of the infected cases (64.3%) were found from the immigrants of northeastern Thailand (the fluke prevalent region), providing 2.28-2.42 times higher infectious risk on average against the local residents. Daily consumption of raw fish averaged a 3.12-3.60 times higher risk compared to those with no raw-fish eating habit. Our findings suggest that people's origin and moving history deserve further attentions in health promotion programs including education for safe eating.
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116
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Fessl B, Heimpel GE, Causton CE. Invasion of an Avian Nest Parasite, Philornis downsi, to the Galapagos Islands: Colonization History, Adaptations to Novel Ecosystems, and Conservation Challenges. DISEASE ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-65909-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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117
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Gendron AD, Marcogliese DJ. Enigmatic decline of a common fish parasite ( Diplostomum spp.) in the St. Lawrence River: Evidence for a dilution effect induced by the invasive round goby. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2017; 6:402-411. [PMID: 30951571 PMCID: PMC5715222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As they integrate into recipient food webs, invasive exotic species may influence the population dynamics of native parasites. Here we assess the potential impact of the Eurasian round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) on the abundance of eyeflukes of the genus Diplostomum, which are common parasites in fishes of the St. Lawrence River (Canada). Analyses of data collected over nearly two decades revealed that the infection levels in three native fish [spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius), golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) yellow perch (Perca flavescens)] declined sharply throughout the St. Lawrence River after the introduction of the goby. At two sites where data were collected at regular time intervals, declines of Diplostomum spp. in spottail shiners occurred within two years of the goby's first recorded appearance, with prevalence dropping as much as 77-80% between pre-invasion and post-invasion periods. Furthermore, in localities where gobies remained scarce, infection in native species did not change significantly over time. Altogether, these observations suggest that gobies play a role in the eyefluke collapse. The decline in populations of the main definitive host (ring-billed gulls, Larus delawarensis) and changes in hydrology during periods of parasite recruitment were not strongly supported as alternate explanations for this phenomenon. Since other snail-transmitted trematodes with similar life cycles to Diplostomum spp. did not show the same decreasing pattern, we conclude that eyeflukes did not decline as a result of snail depletion due to goby predation. Rather, we suggest that gobies acted as decoys, diluting the infection. As Diplostomum spp. occurred at lower abundance in gobies than in native fish hosts, the replacement of native fish with exotic gobies in the diet of gulls might have played a part in reducing parasite transmission. In contrast to the typically negative impact of invasions, the goby-induced decline of this pathogen may have beneficial effects for native fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrée D. Gendron
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, St. Lawrence Centre, 105 McGill, 7th Floor, Montreal, Quebec H2Y 2E7, Canada
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Lagrue C. Impacts of crustacean invasions on parasite dynamics in aquatic ecosystems: A plea for parasite-focused studies. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2017; 6:364-374. [PMID: 30951574 PMCID: PMC5715223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While there is considerable interest in, and good evidence for, the role that parasites play in biological invasions, the potential parallel effects of species introduction on parasite dynamics have clearly received less attention. Indeed, much effort has been focused on how parasites can facilitate or limit invasions, and positively or negatively impact native host species and recipient communities. Contrastingly, the potential consequences of biological invasions for the diversity and dynamics of both native and introduced parasites have been and are still mainly overlooked, although successful invasion by non-native host species may have large, contrasting and unpredictable effects on parasites. This review looks at the links between biological invasions and pathogens, and particularly at crustacean invasions in aquatic ecosystems and their potential effects on native and invasive parasites, and discusses what often remains unknown even from well-documented systems. Aquatic crustaceans are hosts to many parasites and are often invasive. Published studies show that crustacean invasion can have highly contrasting effects on parasite dynamics, even when invasive host and parasite species are phylogenetically close to their native counterparts. These effects seem to be dependent on multiple factors such as host suitability, parasite life-cycle or host-specific resistance to parasitic manipulation. Furthermore, introduced hosts can have drastically contrasting effects on parasite standing crop and transmission, two parameters that should be independently assessed before drawing any conclusion on the potential effects of novel hosts on parasites and the key processes influencing disease dynamics following biological invasions. I conclude by calling for greater recognition of biological invasions' effects on parasite dynamics, more parasite-focused studies and suggest some potential ways to assess these effects.
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119
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Jaramillo M, Rohrer S, Parker PG. From Galapagos doves to passerines: Spillover of Haemoproteus multipigmentatus. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2017; 6:155-161. [PMID: 28736699 PMCID: PMC5510524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Haemoproteus (Haemoproteus) multipigmentatus, a haemosporidian parasite thought to be specific to columbiform birds, was detected in passeriform birds on Santiago Island in the Galapagos archipelago. We surveyed birds along an altitudinal gradient on the islands of Santa Cruz, Isabela and Santiago between June 2013 and July 2015. Molecular screening of 2254 individuals from 25 species of endemic and introduced birds revealed clusters of passerine birds positive for H. multipigmentatus on Santiago Island that coincide with captures of Galapagos doves at sampled sites. Of 507 individuals from 10 species of endemic passerines sampled on Santiago, 58 individuals from 6 species were found positive (11% prevalence). However, no gametocytes were found in the blood smears of positive passerines, suggesting that these species are not competent hosts for the parasite. All 31 doves captured were positive and gametocytes were found upon microscopic examination of all thin blood smears (averaging 357 gametocytes per 10,000 erythrocytes). These findings indicate parasite spillover from doves to passerines, but that passerines are possibly not competent hosts for further parasite transmission. The endemic Galapagos dove acts as a reservoir host for the introduced H. multipigmentatus, however the effect of this parasite on passerines has not been studied. We report on these findings because parasites can have large effects on individual host populations and on the ecology of a community, but may go undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricruz Jaramillo
- University of Missouri – St. Louis, Department of Biology and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, United States
| | - Sage Rohrer
- University of Missouri – St. Louis, Department of Biology and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, United States
| | - Patricia G. Parker
- University of Missouri – St. Louis, Department of Biology and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, United States
- WildCare Institute, Saint Louis Zoo, One Government Drive, St. Louis 63110, United States
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120
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Brückner A, Klompen H, Bruce AI, Hashim R, von Beeren C. Infection of army ant pupae by two new parasitoid mites (Mesostigmata: Uropodina). PeerJ 2017; 5:e3870. [PMID: 29038753 PMCID: PMC5639873 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A great variety of parasites and parasitoids exploit ant societies. Among them are the Mesostigmata mites, a particularly common and diverse group of ant-associated arthropods. While parasitism is ubiquitous in Mesostigmata, parasitoidism has only been described in the genus Macrodinychus. Yet information about the basic biology of most Macrodinychus species is lacking. Out of 24 formally described species, information about basic life-history traits is only available for three species. Here we formally describe two new Macrodinychus species, i.e. Macrodinychus hilpertae and Macrodinychus derbyensis. In both species, immature stages developed as ecto-parasitoids on ant pupae of the South-East Asian army ant Leptogenys distinguenda. By piercing the developing ant with their chelicera, the mites apparently suck ant hemolymph, ultimately killing host individuals. We compare infection rates among all studied Macrodinychus species and discuss possible host countermeasures against parasitoidism. The cryptic lifestyle of living inside ant nests has certainly hampered the scientific discovery of Macrodinychus mites and we expect that many more macrodinychid species await scientific discovery and description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Brückner
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hans Klompen
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Andrew Iain Bruce
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne VIC, Australia
| | - Rosli Hashim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christoph von Beeren
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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121
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Parasitism may alter functional response comparisons: a case study on the killer shrimp Dikerogammarus villosus and two non-invasive gammarids. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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122
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Sana S, Hardouin EA, Gozlan RE, Ercan D, Tarkan AS, Zhang T, Andreou D. Origin and invasion of the emerging infectious pathogen Sphaerothecum destruens. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e76. [PMID: 28831194 PMCID: PMC5583672 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-native species are often linked to the introduction of novel pathogens with detrimental effects on native biodiversity. Since Sphaerothecum destruens was first discovered as a fish pathogen in the United Kingdom, it has been identified as a potential threat to European fish biodiversity. Despite this parasite’s emergence and associated disease risk, there is still a poor understanding of its origin in Europe. Here, we provide the first evidence to support the hypothesis that S. destruens was accidentally introduced to Europe from China along with its reservoir host Pseudorasbora parva via the aquaculture trade. This is the first study to confirm the presence of S. destruens in China, and it has expanded the confirmed range of S. destruens to additional locations in Europe. The demographic analysis of S. destruens and its host P. parva in their native and invasive range further supported the close association of both species. This research has direct significance and management implications for S. destruens in Europe as a non-native parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Sana
- Bournemouth University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Emilie A Hardouin
- Bournemouth University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Rodolphe E Gozlan
- UMR BOREA IRD-MNHN-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 47 Rue Cuvier, Paris, Cedex 5 75231, France
| | - Didem Ercan
- Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Ali Serhan Tarkan
- Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Bournemouth University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Demetra Andreou
- Bournemouth University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
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123
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Calazans C SH, Walters LJ, Fernandes FC, Ferreira CEL, Hoffman EA. Genetic structure provides insights into the geographic origins and temporal change in the invasive charru mussel (Sururu) in the southeastern United States. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180619. [PMID: 28686694 PMCID: PMC5501563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2004, Mytella charruana (d'Orbigny, 1842) (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mytilidae) became established along the coast of the southeastern United States (SE-US). Using mitochondrial DNA sequencing (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I), we compared genetic variation throughout its native range in South America to its invasive range in the SE-US. Samples from the SE-US were collected in 2006 and 2010 enabling a temporal comparison to evaluate possible genetic changes of the invasive population. We addressed two questions. First, what are the potential source populations (or geographic regions) for the SE-US invasion? Second, how has genetic diversity changed between the two sampling periods within the SE-US? We identified a total of 72 haplotypes, 64 of which were isolated to geographic sites and only 8 were shared among sites. The highly structured native range provides insight into the origin of invasive populations where our results suggest that the introduced SE-US population originated from multiple source populations with the Panama region as the primary source. Additionally, our results indicate that genetic composition of the non-native populations was unchanged between the two sampling periods. Mytella charruana exhibit a significant pattern of genetic structure among natural populations, owing to biogeographic barriers that limit natural dispersal, and an ability to persist in novel habitats, owing to a suite of life-history characters that favor survival under variable conditions. Overall, this study explains why M. charruana may become an increasing threat to locations founded by anthropogenic transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sávio H. Calazans C
- Department de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department de Oceanography, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira - IEAPM, Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Linda J. Walters
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Flavio C. Fernandes
- Department de Oceanography, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira - IEAPM, Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. L. Ferreira
- Department de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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124
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European distribution for metacercariae of the North American digenean Posthodiplostomum cf. minimum centrarchi (Strigeiformes: Diplostomidae). Parasitol Int 2017. [PMID: 28645794 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metacercariae of a North American digenean Posthodiplostomum cf. minimum centrarchi (Strigeiformes: Diplostomidae), have been reported from seven localities in Europe, with cysts recorded in the mesentery and internal organs of two invasive non-indigenous fishes (Lepomis gibbosus and Micropterus salmoides) from sites in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Portugal. Analysis of rDNA locus ITS1-ITS2-28S confirmed a closer relationship to the American Posthodiplostomum species than the common European species P. cuticola or P. brevicaudatum. Our data indicate limited potential of this parasite for switch to local fish fauna and confirm the occurrence at distant sites across Europe, suggesting that birds as definitive parasite hosts may play an important role for parasite dispersal. Further detailed studies are needed to confirm the actual means of introduction to Europe.
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125
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Truter M, Přikrylová I, Weyl OLF, Smit NJ. Co-introduction of ancyrocephalid monogeneans on their invasive host, the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepéde, 1802) in South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2017; 6:420-429. [PMID: 30951569 PMCID: PMC5715217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepéde, 1802) were sampled from three provinces (Eastern Cape EC, North West NWP and KwaZulu-Natal KZN) in South Africa to assess for parasite diversity and community composition. Morphological evaluation of the sampled parasite specimens provided evidence for the first record of five monogeneans from the family Ancyrocephalidae: Clavunculus bursatus (Mueller, 1963), Onchocleidus dispar (Mueller, 1936), Onchocleidus furcatus (Mueller, 1937), Onchocleidus principalis (Mizelle, 1936) and Syncleithrium fusiformis (Mueller, 1934) from the African continent. Community composition differed between localities. Clavunculus bursatus were only sampled from the EC and KZN, O. dispar and O. principalis were only sampled from the EC, O. furcatus was only sampled from the NWP and KZN localities and S. fusiformis only from KZN. Prevalence was 100% at all localities. Data from this study support the enemy release hypothesis as many of the parasites reported from the native range of M. salmoides were not collected. Report on the parasite diversity of invasive Micropterus salmoides in South Africa. First identification of co-introduced Ancyrocephalidae monogeneans into South Africa. Enemy release supported: lower parasite diversity in South African Micropterus salmoides. Potential for spillover to natives exists and needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marliese Truter
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.,Centre for Invasion Biology, Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Iva Přikrylová
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.,Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olaf L F Weyl
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.,Centre for Invasion Biology, SAIAB, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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126
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Update on the distribution of the co-invasive Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (= Bothriocephalus acheilognathi), the Asian fish tapeworm, in freshwater fishes of Mexico. J Helminthol 2017; 92:279-290. [PMID: 28528580 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x17000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (syn. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi) represents a threat to freshwater fish, mainly cyprinids, across the globe. This tapeworm possesses an extraordinary ability to adapt to different environmental conditions and, because of that, from its natural geographical origin in mainland Asia, it has colonized every continent except Antarctica. It is thought that this pathogenic tapeworm was first co-introduced into Mexico in 1965 from China, with the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, although the first formal record of its presence was published in 1981. Over the past 35 years, the Asian fish tapeworm has invaded about 22% of the freshwater fish in Mexico. Because fish communities in Mexico are characterized by high species richness and levels of endemism, S. acheilognathi is considered as a co-introduced and co-invasive species. In this review, we update the geographic distribution and host spectrum of the Asian fish tapeworm in Mexico. Up until December 2016, the tapeworm had been recorded in 110 freshwater fish species (96 native and 14 introduced), included in 51 genera, 11 families and 4 orders; it was also widely distributed in all types of aquatic environments, and has been found in 214 localities. We present novel data from a survey aimed at establishing the distribution pattern of the tapeworm in native freshwater fishes of two rivers in north-central Mexico, and the genetic variation among individuals of this co-invasive species collected from different host species and localities. We discuss briefly the factors that have determined the remarkable invasive success of this parasite in freshwater systems in Mexico.
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127
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Kincaid-Smith J, Rey O, Toulza E, Berry A, Boissier J. Emerging Schistosomiasis in Europe: A Need to Quantify the Risks. Trends Parasitol 2017; 33:600-609. [PMID: 28539255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The recent recurrent outbreaks of urogenital schistosomiasis in the south of Europe were unanticipated and caught scientists and health authorities unprepared. It is now time to learn lessons from these outbreaks and to implement concrete procedures in order to better quantify the risks and prevent future outbreaks of schistosomiasis in Europe. In this context, we propose a reflection on the factors that currently hamper our ability to quantify these risks and argue that we are incapable of predicting future outbreaks. We base our reflexion on an ecological two-step filter concept that drives host-parasite interactions, namely the encounter and the compatibility filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Kincaid-Smith
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Olivier Rey
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Eve Toulza
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Antoine Berry
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Toulouse and Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS UMR5282, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Boissier
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
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128
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Cable J, Barber I, Boag B, Ellison AR, Morgan ER, Murray K, Pascoe EL, Sait SM, Wilson AJ, Booth M. Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:20160088. [PMID: 28289256 PMCID: PMC5352815 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local and global level is critical for sustainable control in humans and livestock. Here we highlight and synthesize evidence regarding potential effects of 'system changes' (both climatic and anthropogenic) on parasite transmission from wild host-parasite systems. Such information could inform more efficient and sustainable parasite control programmes in domestic animals or humans. Many examples from diverse terrestrial and aquatic natural systems show how abiotic and biotic factors affected by system changes can interact additively, multiplicatively or antagonistically to influence parasite transmission, including through altered habitat structure, biodiversity, host demographics and evolution. Despite this, few studies of managed systems explicitly consider these higher-order interactions, or the subsequent effects of parasite evolution, which can conceal or exaggerate measured impacts of control actions. We call for a more integrated approach to investigating transmission dynamics, which recognizes these complexities and makes use of new technologies for data capture and monitoring, and to support robust predictions of altered parasite dynamics in a rapidly changing world.This article is part of the themed issue 'Opening the black box: re-examining the ecology and evolution of parasite transmission'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Cable
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Iain Barber
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Brian Boag
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Amy R Ellison
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Eric R Morgan
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
| | - Kris Murray
- Grantham Institute - Climate Change and the Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Emily L Pascoe
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Centre for Research and Innovation, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Steven M Sait
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Anthony J Wilson
- Vector-borne Viral Diseases Programme, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Mark Booth
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Durham TS17 6BH, UK
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129
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Peniche G, Olson PD, Bennett DJ, Wong L, Sainsbury AW, Durrant C. Protecting Free-Living Dormice: Molecular Identification of Cestode Parasites in Captive Dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius) Destined for Reintroduction. ECOHEALTH 2017; 14:106-116. [PMID: 26957436 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-016-1108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The success of any population translocation programme relies heavily on the measures implemented to control and monitor the spread of disease. Without these measures, programmes run the risk of releasing immunologically naïve species or, more dangerously, introducing novel infectious agents to native populations. As a precaution, a reintroduction programme for the common or hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius, in England screens dormice before release following captive breeding. Using PCR sequencing of a range of genes, we tested whether the same species of tapeworm(s) were present in captive and free-living dormice. Whilst only Rodentolepis straminea were identified in free-living dormice, cestode ova found in a captive individual produced a molecular match closely related to Hymenolepis microstoma and a previously unrecorded Rodentolepis species. To prevent putting at risk the free-living population, we recommended the continued treatment of dormice showing tapeworm infection before release. Our work demonstrates how molecular techniques can be used to inform reintroduction programmes, reduce risk from disease and increase chances of reintroduction success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Peniche
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
| | - Peter D Olson
- Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Dominic J Bennett
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Louise Wong
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Anthony W Sainsbury
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Christopher Durrant
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
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130
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Blackburn TM, Ewen JG. Parasites as Drivers and Passengers of Human-Mediated Biological Invasions. ECOHEALTH 2017; 14:61-73. [PMID: 26822780 PMCID: PMC5357264 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-015-1092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of parasites in biological invasions by alien species. Parasites have frequently been invoked as drivers of invasions, but have received less attention as invasion passengers. The evidence to date that parasites drive invasions by hosts is weak: while there is abundant evidence that parasites have effects in the context of alien invasions, there is little evidence to suggest that parasites have differential effects on alien species that succeed versus fail in the invasion process. Particular case studies are suggestive but not yet informative about general effects. What evidence there is for parasites as aliens suggests that the same kind of factors determine their success as for non-parasites. Thus, availability is likely to be an important determinant of the probability of translocation. Establishment and spread are likely to depend on propagule pressure and on the environment being suitable (all necessary hosts and vectors are present); the likelihood of both of these dependencies being favourable will be affected by traits relating to parasite life history and demography. The added complication for the success of parasites as aliens is that often this will depend on the success of their hosts. We discuss how these conclusions help us to understand the likely effects of parasites on the success of establishing host populations (alien or native).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim M Blackburn
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London (UCL), Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
- School of Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - John G Ewen
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
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131
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Rideout BA, Sainsbury AW, Hudson PJ. Which Parasites Should We be Most Concerned About in Wildlife Translocations? ECOHEALTH 2017; 14:42-46. [PMID: 27234456 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-016-1132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Rideout
- Wildlife Disease Laboratories, Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, PO Box 120551, San Diego, CA, 92112, USA.
| | - Anthony W Sainsbury
- The Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Peter J Hudson
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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132
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Sokolov SG, Reshetnikov AN, Protasova EN, Voropaeva EL. New data on alien species of parasites and hosts in the ecosystem of Lake Glubokoe (Moscow oblast, Russia). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s2075111717010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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133
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Médoc V, Firmat C, Sheath D, Pegg J, Andreou D, Britton J. Parasites and Biological Invasions. ADV ECOL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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134
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Selechnik D, Rollins LA, Brown GP, Kelehear C, Shine R. The things they carried: The pathogenic effects of old and new parasites following the intercontinental invasion of the Australian cane toad ( Rhinella marina). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2016; 6:375-385. [PMID: 30951567 PMCID: PMC5715224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Brought to Australia in 1935 to control agricultural pests (from French Guiana, via Martinique, Barbados, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and Hawai'i), repeated stepwise translocations of small numbers of founders enabled the cane toad (Rhinella marina) to escape many parasites and pathogens from its native range. However, the infective organisms that survived the journey continue to affect the dynamics of the toad in its new environment. In Australia, the native-range lungworm Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala decreases its host's cardiac capacity, as well as growth and survival, but not rate of dispersal. The lungworm is most prevalent in long-colonised areas within the toads' Australian range, and absent from the invasion front. Several parasites and pathogens of Australian taxa have host-shifted to cane toads in Australia; for example, invasion-front toads are susceptible to spinal arthritis caused by the soil bacterium, Ochrobactrum anthropi. The pentastome Raillietiella frenata has host-shifted to toads and may thereby expand its Australian range due to the continued range expansion of the invasive toads. Spill-over and spill-back of parasites may be detrimental to other host species; however, toads may also reduce parasite loads in native taxa by acting as terminal hosts. We review the impact of the toad's parasites and pathogens on the invasive anuran's biology in Australia, as well as collateral effects of toad-borne parasites and pathogens on other host species in Australia. Both novel and co-evolved pathogens and parasites may have played significant roles in shaping the rapid evolution of immune system responses in cane toads within their invaded range. Invasive cane toads have lost many parasites due to serial translocations. One native lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) has been retained. Toads have also acquired novel parasites and pathogens from Australian hosts. Toads either amplify parasite numbers or act as a parasite sink. Differences in immune function exist between toad populations within Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Selechnik
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences (SOLES), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - L A Rollins
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life & Environmental Sciences (LES), Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia
| | - G P Brown
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences (SOLES), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - C Kelehear
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Panama
| | - R Shine
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences (SOLES), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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135
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Gehman ALM, Byers JE. Non-native parasite enhances susceptibility of host to native predators. Oecologia 2016; 183:919-926. [PMID: 27942863 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parasites often alter host physiology and behavior, which can enhance predation risk for infected hosts. Higher consumption of parasitized prey can in turn lead to a less parasitized prey population (the healthy herd hypothesis). Loxothylacus panopaei is a non-native castrating barnacle parasite on the mud crab Eurypanopeus depressus along the Atlantic coast. Through prey choice mesocosm experiments and a field tethering experiment, we investigated whether the predatory crab Callinectes sapidus and other predators preferentially feed on E. depressus infected with L. panopaei. We found that C. sapidus preferentially consumed infected E. depressus 3 to 1 over visibly uninfected E. depressus in the mesocosm experiments. Similarly, infected E. depressus were consumed 1.2 to 1 over uninfected conspecifics in field tethering trials. We evaluated a mechanism behind this skewed prey choice, specifically whether L. panopaei affects E. depressus movement, making infected prey more vulnerable to predator attack. Counter to our expectations, infected E. depressus ran faster during laboratory trials than uninfected E. depressus, suggesting that quick movement may not decrease predation risk and seems instead to make the prey more vulnerable. Ultimately, the preferential consumption of L. panopaei-infected prey by C. sapidus highlights how interactions between organisms could affect where novel parasites are able to thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa-Lois M Gehman
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E. Green St, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - James E Byers
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E. Green St, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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136
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Young HS, Parker IM, Gilbert GS, Sofia Guerra A, Nunn CL. Introduced Species, Disease Ecology, and Biodiversity-Disease Relationships. Trends Ecol Evol 2016; 32:41-54. [PMID: 28029377 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Species introductions are a dominant component of biodiversity change but are not explicitly included in most discussions of biodiversity-disease relationships. This is a major oversight given the multitude of effects that introduced species have on both parasitism and native hosts. Drawing on both animal and plant systems, we review the competing mechanistic pathways by which biological introductions influence parasite diversity and prevalence. While some mechanisms - such as local changes in phylogenetic composition and global homogenization - have strong explanatory potential, the net effects of introduced species, especially at local scales, remain poorly understood. Integrative, community-scale studies that explicitly incorporate introduced species are needed to make effective predictions about the effects of realistic biodiversity change and conservation action on disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary S Young
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Ingrid M Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Gregory S Gilbert
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Ana Sofia Guerra
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Charles L Nunn
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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137
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Diagne C, Ribas A, Charbonnel N, Dalecky A, Tatard C, Gauthier P, Haukisalmi V, Fossati-Gaschignard O, Bâ K, Kane M, Niang Y, Diallo M, Sow A, Piry S, Sembène M, Brouat C. Parasites and invasions: changes in gastrointestinal helminth assemblages in invasive and native rodents in Senegal. Int J Parasitol 2016; 46:857-869. [PMID: 27670366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding why some exotic species become widespread and abundant in their colonised range is a fundamental issue that still needs to be addressed. Among many hypotheses, newly established host populations may benefit from a parasite loss ("enemy release" hypothesis) through impoverishment of their original parasite communities or reduced infection levels. Moreover, the fitness of competing native hosts may be negatively affected by the acquisition of exotic taxa from invaders ("parasite spillover") and/or by an increased transmission risk of native parasites due to their amplification by invaders ("parasite spillback"). We focused on gastrointestinal helminth communities to determine whether these predictions could explain the ongoing invasion success of the commensal house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) and black rat (Rattus rattus), as well as the associated decrease in native Mastomys spp., in Senegal. For both invasive species, our results were consistent with the predictions of the enemy release hypothesis. A decrease in overall gastrointestinal helminth prevalence and infracommunity species richness was observed along the invasion gradients as well as lower specific prevalence/abundance (Aspiculuris tetraptera in Mus musculus domesticus, Hymenolepis diminuta in Rattus rattus) on the invasion fronts. Conversely, we did not find strong evidence of GIH spillover or spillback in invasion fronts, where native and invasive rodents co-occurred. Further experimental research is needed to determine whether and how the loss of gastrointestinal helminths and reduced infection levels along invasion routes may result in any advantageous effects on invader fitness and competitive advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Diagne
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP) (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France; IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal; Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Fann, Dakar, Senegal.
| | - Alexis Ribas
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP) (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France; Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Diagonal s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- Inra, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Ambroise Dalecky
- IRD, LPED (UMR AMU / IRD), 3 place Victor Hugo, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Tatard
- Inra, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Philippe Gauthier
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP) (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Voitto Haukisalmi
- Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus, P. Rau-tatiekatu 13, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Odile Fossati-Gaschignard
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP) (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Khalilou Bâ
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Kane
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Youssoupha Niang
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamoudou Diallo
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Aliou Sow
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Sylvain Piry
- Inra, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Mbacké Sembène
- IRD, CBGP (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus ISRA/IRD de Bel Air, Dakar, Senegal; Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Fann, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Carine Brouat
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (CBGP) (UMR INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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138
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Lim SY, Ooi AL, Wong WL. Gill monogeneans of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) from the wild and fish farms in Perak, Malaysia: infection dynamics and spatial distribution. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1609. [PMID: 27652182 PMCID: PMC5028347 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tilapia is one of the commercially important fish in Malaysia as well as in other parts of the world. An understanding of monogenean infection dynamics in tilapia fish may assist us in searching for some intervention measures in reducing the loss of fish caused by parasitic diseases. The present study aimed (1) to compare infection level of monogeneans between the wild and cultured Oreochromis niloticus, and between the cultured O. niloticus and cultured red hybrid tilapia, and (2) to examine the spatial distribution of monogenean species over the gills of the different host species. From a total of 75 fish specimens, six species of monogeneans from two genera: Cichlidogyrus (C. halli, C. mbirizei, C. sclerosus, C. thurstonae, C. tilapiae) and Scutogyrus (S. longicornis) were identified. Data showed that the infection level of cultured O. niloticus was higher than that of the wild O. niloticus, however, the former was lower than that of the cultured red hybrid tilapia. Higher species richness of monogeneans was observed in the cultured red hybrid tilapia as compared to the others. Results for spatial distribution showed that the monogeneans have no preference on the left or right sides of the gills. However, C. halli, C. mbirizei, and C. tilapiae showed preferences on specific gill arches in the cultured O. niloticus and red hybrid tilapia. In general, the gill arch IV harboured the least number of monogeneans. The susceptibility of monogenean infection between the different types of tilapia is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yin Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak Malaysia
| | - Ai-Lin Ooi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak Malaysia
| | - Wey-Lim Wong
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak Malaysia
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139
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Haddaway NR, Watson MJ. On the benefits of systematic reviews for wildlife parasitology. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2016; 5:184-91. [PMID: 27617203 PMCID: PMC5005428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are widely accepted as the best means to synthesise quantitative or qualitative scientific evidence. Many scientific fields have embraced these more rigorous review techniques as a means to bring together large and complex bodies of literature and their data. Unfortunately, due to perceived difficulties and unfamiliarity with processes, other fields are not using these options to review their literature. One way to provide guidance for a specific field is to examine critically recent reviews and meta-analyses and to explain the advantages and disadvantages of the various review techniques. In this paper, we examine review papers in the emerging field of wildlife parasitology and compare five different literature review types-configurative narrative review, aggregative scoping review, aggregative literature review, aggregative meta-analysis, and aggregative systematic review. We found that most literature reviews did not adequately explain the methodology used to find the literature under review. We also found that most literature reviews were not comprehensive nor did they critically appraise the literature under review. Such a lack severely reduces the reliability of the reviews. We encourage all authors to consider using systematic reviews in the future, and for authors and peer-reviewers to be aware of the limitations of non-systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal R. Haddaway
- MISTRA EviEM, Stockholm Environment Institute, Box 24218, 104 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maggie J. Watson
- Institute for Land Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia
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140
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Loxton KC, Lawton C, Stafford P, Holland CV. Reduced helminth parasitism in the introduced bank vole (Myodes glareolus): More parasites lost than gained. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2016; 5:175-83. [PMID: 27408800 PMCID: PMC4925433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduced species are often less parasitised compared to their native counterparts and to ecologically similar hosts in the new environment. Reduced parasitism may come about due to both the loss of original parasites and low acquisition of novel parasites. In this study we investigated the intestinal helminth parasites of the introduced bank vole (Myodes glareolus) in Ireland. Results were compared to data from other European studies and to the intestinal helminth fauna of an ecologically similar native rodent in Ireland, the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus). The helminth fauna of introduced bank voles exhibited low diversity with only 3 species recovered: Aspiculuris tianjinensis; Aonchotheca murissylvatici and Taenia martis larvae. In particular, no adult parasites with indirect life-cycles were found in bank voles suggesting that indirectly transmitted parasites are less likely to establish in invasive hosts. Also, the results of this study add support to the enemy release hypothesis. Helminth parasitism was assessed in native wood mice and invasive bank voles. Parasite diversity in invasive voles was significantly less than in native mice. First record of Aspiculuris tianjinensis and Taenia martis in Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Loxton
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Lawton
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter Stafford
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Celia V Holland
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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141
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Sánchez-Ovejero C, Benito-Lopez F, Díez P, Casulli A, Siles-Lucas M, Fuentes M, Manzano-Román R. Sensing parasites: Proteomic and advanced bio-detection alternatives. J Proteomics 2016; 136:145-56. [PMID: 26773860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases have a great impact in human and animal health. The gold standard for the diagnosis of the majority of parasitic infections is still conventional microscopy, which presents important limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity and commonly requires highly trained technicians. More accurate molecular-based diagnostic tools are needed for the implementation of early detection, effective treatments and massive screenings with high-throughput capacities. In this respect, sensitive and affordable devices could greatly impact on sustainable control programmes which exist against parasitic diseases, especially in low income settings. Proteomics and nanotechnology approaches are valuable tools for sensing pathogens and host alteration signatures within microfluidic detection platforms. These new devices might provide novel solutions to fight parasitic diseases. Newly described specific parasite derived products with immune-modulatory properties have been postulated as the best candidates for the early and accurate detection of parasitic infections as well as for the blockage of parasite development. This review provides the most recent methodological and technological advances with great potential for bio-sensing parasites in their hosts, showing the newest opportunities offered by modern "-omics" and platforms for parasite detection and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sánchez-Ovejero
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Paula Díez
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Adriano Casulli
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, - 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mar Siles-Lucas
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Raúl Manzano-Román
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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142
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Sarabeev V. Mortality of Juvenile So-iuy Mullet, Liza Haematocheilus (Teleostei, Mugilidae), in the Sea of Azov Associated With Metacercaria (Digenea). VESTNIK ZOOLOGII 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/vzoo-2015-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mortality of Juvenile So-iuy Mullet, Liza haematocheilus (Teleostei, Mugilidae), in the Sea of Azov Associated with Metacercariae (Digenea). Sarabeev, V. - Age-dependent patterns, including yearly variations of digenean metacercariae infestations of the introduced species, Liza haematocheilus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845), were studied. We evaluated the impacts of three metacercaria species, Timoniella imbutiforme (Molin, 1859) Brooks, 1980, Diplostomum spp. and Ascocotyle (Phagicola) longa Ransom, 1920, on juvenile fish in age from one month to 2+ years old from the Molochny Estuary and neighboring waters of the Sea of Azov by applying Croft on’s negative binomial truncation technique, epidemiologic and aggregation indices. Parasite surveys executed in 1997-2014 revealed significant yearly differences in the infection dynamics of studied metacercariae in juvenile fish of L. haematocheilus. Metacercariae were absent or fish harboured several times less parasites in 2005-2013 than in 1997-1999. T. imbutiforme infection exhibits a convex that was observed in a decline of the parasite load aft er an initial increase. The infection load of Diplostomum spp. increased asymptotically with the fish age reaching maximum value in two years old juveniles. Both the abundance and the prevalence of A. (P.) longa were low in juveniles of two month and two years old but relatively high and more or less constant during the rest of the juvenile period. Results of the present study suggest that metacercariae, especially, T. imbutiforme, are associated with mortality of juvenile Liza haematocheilus.
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143
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Newbold LR, Hockley FA, Williams CF, Cable J, Reading AJ, Auchterlonie N, Kemp PS. Relationship between European eel Anguilla anguilla infection with non-native parasites and swimming behaviour on encountering accelerating flow. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2015; 86:1519-1533. [PMID: 25801939 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Anguillicola crassus, Pseudodactylogyrus bini and Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae infection on the behaviour of downstream migrating adult European eels Anguilla anguilla as they encountered accelerating water velocity, common at engineered structures where flow is constricted (e.g. weirs and bypass systems), was evaluated in an experimental flume. The probability of reacting to, and rejecting, the velocity gradient was positively related to A. crassus larval, adult and total abundance. High abundance of Pseudodactylogyrus spp. reduced this effect, but A. crassus was the strongest parasitic factor associated with fish behaviour, and abundance was positively related to delay in downstream passage. Delayed downstream migration at hydraulic gradients associated with riverine anthropogenic structures could result in additional energetic expenditure for migrating A. anguilla already challenged by A. crassus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Newbold
- The International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, U.K
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144
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Weinstein SB, Lafferty KD. How do humans affect wildlife nematodes? Trends Parasitol 2015; 31:222-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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145
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Vilcinskas
- Institute for Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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146
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Iglesias R, García-Estévez JM, Ayres C, Acuña A, Cordero-Rivera A. First reported outbreak of severe spirorchiidiasis in Emys orbicularis, probably resulting from a parasite spillover event. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2015; 113:75-80. [PMID: 25667339 DOI: 10.3354/dao02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The importance of disease-mediated invasions and the role of parasite spillover as a substantial threat to the conservation of global biodiversity are now well known. Although competition between invasive sliders Trachemys scripta elegans and indigenous European turtles has been extensively studied, the impact of this invasive species on diseases affecting native populations is poorly known. During winter 2012-2013 an unusual event was detected in a population of Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabiting a pond system in Galicia (NW Spain). Most turtles were lethargic and some had lost mobility of limbs and tail. Necropsies were performed on 11 turtles that were found dead or dying at this site. Blood flukes belonging to the species Spirorchis elegans were found inhabiting the vascular system of 3 turtles, while numerous fluke eggs were trapped in the vascular system, brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and/or gastrointestinal tissues of all necropsied animals. Characteristic lesions included miliary egg granulomas, which were mostly found on serosal surfaces, particularly of the small intestine, as well as endocarditis, arteritis, and thrombosis. The most probable cause of death in the 3 turtle specimens which were also examined histologically was a necrotic enteritis with secondary bacterial infection associated with a massive egg embolism. The North American origin of S. elegans, the absence of prior recorded epizootics in the outbreak area, and the habitual presence of its type host, the highly invasive red-eared slider, in this area suggest a new case of parasite spillover resulting in a severe emerging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Facultad de Biología, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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