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Polymorphisms in TICAM2 and IL1B are associated with TB. Genes Immun 2014; 16:127-133. [PMID: 25521228 PMCID: PMC4352113 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2014.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Human genetic susceptibility for tuberculosis (TB) has been demonstrated by several studies, but few have examined multiple innate and adaptive immunity genes comprehensively, age-specific effects, and/or resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection (RSTR). We hypothesized that RSTR, defined by a persistently negative tuberculin skin test, may have different genetic influences than Mtb disease. Methods We examined 29 candidate genes in pathways that mediate immune responses to Mtb in subjects in a household contact study in Kampala, Uganda. We genotyped 546 haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 835 individuals from 481 families; 28.7% had TB, 10.5% were RSTR, and the remaining 60.8% had latent Mtb infection. Results Among our most significant findings were SNPs in TICAM2 (p=3.6×10−6) and IL1B (p=4.3×10−5) associated with TB. Multiple SNPs in IL4 and TOLLIP were associated with TB (p<0.05). Age-genotype interaction analysis revealed SNPs in IL18 and TLR6 that were suggestively associated with TB in children ≤ 10 years old (p=2.9×10−3). By contrast, RSTR was associated with SNPs in NOD2, SLC6A3 and TLR4 (nominal p < 0.05); these genes were not associated with TB, suggesting distinct genetic influences. Conclusions We report the first association between TICAM2 polymorphisms and TB, and between IL18 and pediatric TB.
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Feng Y, Wang F, Pan H, Qiu S, Lü J, Wu L, Wang J, Lu C. Obesity-associated gene FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in relation to the risk of tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:592. [PMID: 25377722 PMCID: PMC4226896 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is known to affect cell-mediated immune responses. Recent studies have revealed that genetic polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene are related to human obesity. We hypothesize that this gene may also play a role in the risk of immune-related infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. METHODS This case-control study included 1625 pulmonary tuberculosis cases and 1570 unaffected controls recruited from the Jiangsu province in China. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs9939609 and rs8050136, in the FTO gene were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the unconditional logistic regression model. RESULTS We observed a significant association between the genetic polymorphism rs9939609 and tuberculosis risk. Compared with the common genotype TT, individuals carrying AA had a significantly increased risk, with an OR of 3.77 (95% CI: 2.26-6.28). After adjusting for potential confounders, the relationship remains significant. An additive model showed that carriers of an allele A had a 26% increased risk of tuberculosis compared with the T allele (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.48). Compared with the common haplotype rs9939609T-rs8050136C, the haplotype rs9939609A-rs8050136C was related to an increased risk of tuberculosis (OR = 6.09, 95% CI: 3.27-12.34). CONCLUSIONS The FTO polymorphism rs9939609 is associated with a risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Chinese population.
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Innate Resistance to Tuberculosis in Man, Cattle and Laboratory Animal Models: Nipping Disease in the Bud? J Comp Pathol 2014; 151:291-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ji LD, Xu WN, Chai PF, Zheng W, Qian HX, Xu J. Polymorphisms in the CISH gene are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis in the Chinese Han population. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:240-4. [PMID: 25460819 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A recent multi-center case-control study identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the cytokine-inducible SRC homology 2 domain (CISH) gene that are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in both African and Asian populations. To acquire a more robust and well-powered estimate of the putative influence of these SNPs on TB susceptibility, we conducted a well-designed case-control study in the Chinese Han population. We genotyped 3 previously identified SNPs within CISH in 600 patients with pulmonary TB and 618 healthy controls, and we calculated the pooled P-values and ORs of several studies that have also been conducted in the Chinese populations. The results of the case-control study showed that the C allele of rs2239751 and the T allele of rs414171 are associated with TB susceptibility, and this association exists only in women and young adults. The pooled analysis indicated that both SNPs are significantly associated with TB in the global populations and Chinese populations. The current study confirms that variants of CISH are associated with susceptibility to TB, suggesting that negative regulators of cytokine signaling may have a role in immunity against TB infection. We hypothesize that CISH and estrogen may interact in the cytokine-dependent regulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-dan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wei-nan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peng-fei Chai
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Yingzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hai-xia Qian
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Areeshi MY, Mandal RK, Akhter N, Panda AK, Haque S. Evaluating the Association between TaqI Variant of Vitamin D Receptor Gene and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis: A Meta-analysis. Toxicol Int 2014; 21:140-7. [PMID: 25253922 PMCID: PMC4170554 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6580.139791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D has been shown to hamper the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages. The actions of vitamin D are exerted through a vitamin D receptor (VDR). The genetic variant TaqI of VDR has been implicated in tuberculosis (TB) risk in several case-control studies. However, these studies have shown inconsistent results. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the potential relationship between VDR TaqI polymorphism and risk of developing TB. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a quantitative synthesis for published studies based upon the relationship between TaqI polymorphism and TB risk from PubMed (Medline) and Embase databases. The meta-analysis was performed and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for all genetic models. RESULTS A total of 21 studies including 2,960 TB cases and 3,894 controls were included in this study. The pooled analysis demonstrated no evidence of association between VDR TaqI genotypes and risk of TB in any of the genetic models; variant (t vs T: P = 0.618; OR = 1.051, 95% CI = 0.864-1.278), homozygous (tt vs TT: P = 0.120; OR = 1.336, 95% CI = 0.927-1.924), heterozygous (Tt vs TT: P = 0.925; OR = 0.988, 95% CI = 0.774-1.262), dominant model (tt + Tt vs TT: P = 0.805; OR = 1.032, 95% CI = 0.805-1.322), and recessive model (tt vs TT + Tt: P = 0.180; OR = 1.229, 95% CI = 0.909-1.660). No publication bias was detected during the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Overall findings of this meta-analysis suggest that genetic polymorphism TaqI of VDR gene may not contribute to the risk of TB. However, future larger studies with group of populations are warranted to analyze this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Y Areeshi
- Research Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aditya K Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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Mabunda N, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Vubil A, Mariamo A, Pacheco AG, Jani IV, Moraes MO. Gene polymorphisms in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Mozambique. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 42:71-6. [PMID: 25239251 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several host and environmental factors contribute to tuberculosis outcome, interestingly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes have been evaluated in populations with different ethnicities and TB infection. In the present study we focused on SNPs in cytokine and inflammatory mediator genes: tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -308G>A (rs1800629), interleukin-10 (IL10) -819C>T (rs1800871), interferon-gamma (IFNG) +874T>A (rs2430561), and leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) rs1978331, rs17525495 and rs2660898 in a case-control study involving 102 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 456 controls from Mozambique. LTA4H, IL10 and IFNG SNPs showed no associations with pulmonary tuberculosis. However, distribution of the TNF -308A allele, genotype and carrier frequencies showed a significant risk association with tuberculosis that was maintained after adjustment for non-genetic variables and Bonferroni correction (AA genotype, OR = 1.9, p Bonf < 0.001; A allele OR = 2.9, p Bonf = 0.005 and GA/AA carrier OR = 2.6, p Bonf = 0.035). Interestingly, this association has not been reported in a sub-Saharan African population before. Our results suggest a role of -308 TNF polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nédio Mabunda
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, PO Box 264, Maputo, Mozambique
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Kodaman N, Sobota RS, Mera R, Schneider BG, Williams SM. Disrupted human-pathogen co-evolution: a model for disease. Front Genet 2014; 5:290. [PMID: 25202324 PMCID: PMC4142859 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A major goal in infectious disease research is to identify the human and pathogenic genetic variants that explain differences in microbial pathogenesis. However, neither pathogenic strain nor human genetic variation in isolation has proven adequate to explain the heterogeneity of disease pathology. We suggest that disrupted co-evolution between a pathogen and its human host can explain variation in disease outcomes, and that genome-by-genome interactions should therefore be incorporated into genetic models of disease caused by infectious agents. Genetic epidemiological studies that fail to take both the pathogen and host into account can lead to false and misleading conclusions about disease etiology. We discuss our model in the context of three pathogens, Helicobacter pylori, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human papillomavirus, and generalize the conditions under which it may be applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Kodaman
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH, USA ; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rafal S Sobota
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH, USA ; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robertino Mera
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Barbara G Schneider
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH, USA
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Polymorphisms of SP110 are associated with both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among the Vietnamese. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99496. [PMID: 25006821 PMCID: PMC4090157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet the reasons why only 10% of people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis go on to develop clinical disease are poorly understood. Genetically determined variation in the host immune response is one factor influencing the response to M. tuberculosis. SP110 is an interferon-responsive nuclear body protein with critical roles in cell cycling, apoptosis and immunity to infection. However association studies of the gene with clinical TB in different populations have produced conflicting results. Methods To examine the importance of the SP110 gene in immunity to TB in the Vietnamese we conducted a case-control genetic association study of 24 SP110 variants, in 663 patients with microbiologically proven TB and 566 unaffected control subjects from three tertiary hospitals in northern Vietnam. Results Five SNPs within SP110 were associated with all forms of TB, including four SNPs at the C terminus (rs10208770, rs10498244, rs16826860, rs11678451) under a dominant model and one SNP under a recessive model, rs7601176. Two of these SNPs were associated with pulmonary TB (rs10208770 and rs16826860) and one with extra-pulmonary TB (rs10498244). Conclusion SP110 variants were associated with increased susceptibility to both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB in the Vietnamese. Genetic variants in SP110 may influence macrophage signaling responses and apoptosis during M. tuberculosis infection, however further research is required to establish the mechanism by which SP110 influences immunity to tuberculosis infection.
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Daya M, van der Merwe L, van Helden PD, Möller M, Hoal EG. The role of ancestry in TB susceptibility of an admixed South African population. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:413-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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110
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Yang HY, Li H, Wang YG, Xu CY, Zhao YL, Ma XG, Li XW, Chen H. Correlation analysis between single nucleotide polymorphisms of pulmonary surfactant protein A gene and pulmonary tuberculosis in the Han population in China. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 26:31-6. [PMID: 24984162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 genes encoding pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) with the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in the Han population in China. METHODS This study included 248 patients with active PTB (case group) and 124 normal individuals (control group). SNPs at loci aa19, aa50, aa62, aa133, and aa219 of SFTPA1, and at loci aa9, aa91, aa140, and aa223 of SFTPA2 were analyzed with PCR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the correlation of age, sex, and SNPs with PTB. RESULTS The frequencies of the G allele at aa91 and T allele at aa140 in SFTPA2 were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p=0.0002 and p=0.045). The distribution of haplotype CGAAC in SFTPA1 was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (p=0.025). In SFTPA2, the distributions of haplotypes 1A(6), 1A(10), 1A(9), and 1A(2) were higher (all p<0.05), but the distributions of haplotypes 1A(13), 1A(5), and 1A(12) were lower in the case group than in the control group (all p<0.05). When SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 were combined and analyzed, haplotype 6A(11)-1A(8) was only found in the case group (4.1%, p=0.001 compared with the control group), but the distribution of haplotype CGAAC-1A(0) or 6A(4)-1A(12) was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS SNP in SP-A is associated with PTB in the Han population in China. The G allele at aa91, T allele at aa140, and haplotype 6A11-1A8 are risk factors for PTB, but haplotype CGAAC-1A(0) and 6A(4)-1A(12) are protective factors for PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-yi Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hui Li
- Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-ge Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao-yang Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yu-ling Zhao
- Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-guang Ma
- Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-wen Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100, Science Road, High-tech District, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100, Science Road, High-tech District, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Lü J, Pan H, Chen Y, Tang S, Feng Y, Qiu S, Zhang S, Wu L, Xu R, Peng X, Wang J, Lu C. Genetic polymorphisms of IFNG and IFNGR1 in association with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. Gene 2014; 543:140-4. [PMID: 24680779 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic host factors play an important role in controlling individual's susceptibility to the pathogen. This study aims to explore the single and joint effect of genetic polymorphisms of interferon-gamma (IFNG) and its receptor (IFNGR1) in association with the pulmonary tuberculosis in a Chinese Han population. METHODS This population-based case control study consisted of 1434 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 1412 healthy controls. Six tag SNPs in IFNG/IFNGR1 were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination technology. The logistic regression model was carried out to analyze the associations between the genotypes and haplotypes and the risk of tuberculosis by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS After the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, three SNPs (rs2234711, rs1327475 and rs7749390) in IFNGR1 gene were observed to be significantly associated with the altered risks of tuberculosis. For the SNP rs2234711, individuals carrying C allele (vs. T) showed a decreased risk, with the adjusted OR(95% CI) of 0.82(0.76-0.91). The additive model revealed that each additional allele contributed about 14% decreased risk (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95). Moreover, we observed a strong linkage disequilibrium between rs2234711 and rs3799488. Compared with the common rs2234711C-rs3799488C haplotype, the haplotype rs2234711T-rs3799488C contributed to a significant increase in the risk of tuberculosis (adjusted OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09-1.41). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms in IFNGR1 gene are involved in the risk of tuberculosis in the Chinese population. Future studies should include a comprehensive sequencing analysis to identify the specific causative sequence variants underlying the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Lü
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Hongqiu Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China; Department of Tuberculosis, Third Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang 212005, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis, Third Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang 212005, PR China
| | - Shaowen Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Sangsang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Siming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Ruobing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Xianzhen Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Third Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang 212005, PR China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Breast, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, PR China.
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Areeshi MY, Mandal RK, Panda AK, Haque S. Vitamin D Receptor ApaI Gene Polymorphism and Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2014; 18:323-9. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2013.0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raju Kumar Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Aditya K. Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Infectious pathogens are among the strongest selective forces that shape the human genome. Migrations and cultural changes in the past 100,000 years exposed populations to dangerous new pathogens. Host genetics influences susceptibility to infectious disease. Evolutionary adaptations for resistance and symbiosis may underlie common immune-mediated diseases. Signatures of selection and methods to detect them vary with the age, geographical spread and virulence of the pathogen. A history of selection on a trait adds power to association studies by driving the emergence of common alleles of strong effect. Combining selection and association metrics can further increase power. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of susceptibility to pathogens that are moderately old (1,000–50,000 years ago), geographically limited in history and exerted strong positive selective pressure will have the most power if GWASs can be done in the historically affected population. An understanding of host–pathogen interactions can inform the development of new therapies for both infectious diseases and common immune-mediated diseases.
The impact of various infectious agents on human survival and reproduction over thousands of years has exerted selective pressure on numerous regions of the human genome. This Review describes how such signatures of selection can be detected and integrated with data from complementary approaches, such as genome-wide association studies, to provide biological insights into host–pathogen interactions. The ancient biological 'arms race' between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing field of medical genomics. As humans migrated throughout the world, populations encountered distinct pathogens, and natural selection increased the prevalence of alleles that are advantageous in the new ecosystems in both host and pathogens. This ancient history now influences human infectious disease susceptibility and microbiome homeostasis, and contributes to common diseases that show geographical disparities, such as autoimmune and metabolic disorders. Using new high-throughput technologies, analytical methods and expanding public data resources, the investigation of natural selection is leading to new insights into the function and dysfunction of human biology.
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Jiang Y, Wan L, Zhang Z, Liu H, Pang H, Zhang W, Zhao X, Wang H, Li G, Chen C, Kan B, Wan K. Conserved alanine rich protein Rv3878 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains sequence polymorphisms. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:245-51. [PMID: 24674998 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Host immune pressure and associated parasite immune evasion are key features of host-pathogen co-evolution. A previous study showed that human T cell epitopes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are evolutionarily hyperconserved and thus it was deduced that M. tuberculosis lacks antigenic variation and immune evasion. Here, we selected 162 clinical M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates from China, amplified gene encoding Rv3878 and compared the sequences. The results showed that Rv3878, a conserved hypothetical alanine rich protein, is not conserved in M. tuberculosis strains and there are polymorphisms existing in the protein. The large number of amino acid changes in its T cell epitopes may reflect ongoing immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Li Wan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Respiratory Diseases Department of Nanlou, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28# Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Haican Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hui Pang
- Immunology Department, Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haiyin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Guilian Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Chen Chen
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Biao Kan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Kanglin Wan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Sabri A, Grant AV, Cosker K, El Azbaoui S, Abid A, Abderrahmani Rhorfi I, Souhi H, Janah H, Alaoui-Tahiri K, Gharbaoui Y, Benkirane M, Orlova M, Boland A, Deswarte C, Migaud M, Bustamante J, Schurr E, Boisson-Dupuis S, Casanova JL, Abel L, El Baghdadi J. Association study of genes controlling IL-12-dependent IFN-γ immunity: STAT4 alleles increase risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in Morocco. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:611-8. [PMID: 24610875 PMCID: PMC4111910 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Only a minority of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop clinical tuberculosis. Genetic epidemiological evidence suggests that pulmonary tuberculosis has a strong human genetic component. Previous genetic findings in Mendelian predisposition to more severe mycobacterial infections, including by M. tuberculosis, underlined the importance of the interleukin 12 (IL-12)/interferon γ (IFN-γ) circuit in antimycobacterial immunity. Methods. We conducted an association study in Morocco between pulmonary tuberculosis and a panel of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering 14 core IL-12/IFN-γ circuit genes. The analyses were performed in a discovery family-based sample followed by replication in a case-control population. Results. Out of 228 SNPs tested in the family-based sample, 6 STAT4 SNPs were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (P = .0013–.01). We replicated the same direction of association for 1 cluster of 3 SNPs encompassing the promoter region of STAT4. In the combined sample, the association was stronger among younger subjects (pulmonary tuberculosis onset <25 years) with an odds ratio of developing pulmonary tuberculosis at rs897200 for GG vs AG/AA subjects of 1.47 (1.06–2.04). Previous functional experiments showed that the G allele of rs897200 was associated with lower STAT4 expression. Conclusions. Our present findings in a Moroccan population support an association of pulmonary tuberculosis with STAT4 promoter-region polymorphisms that may impact STAT4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Sabri
- Genetics Unit, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco Faculty of Science-Kenitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Audrey V Grant
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Kristel Cosker
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Safa El Azbaoui
- Genetics Unit, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco Faculty of Science-Kenitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Abid
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Hicham Souhi
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham Janah
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kebir Alaoui-Tahiri
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yasser Gharbaoui
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Majid Benkirane
- Blood Transfusion Center, Military Hospital Mohamed V, Hay Riad, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marianna Orlova
- McGill International TB Centre, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Caroline Deswarte
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Melanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker hospital, Paris France
| | - Erwin Schurr
- McGill International TB Centre, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
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Song JH, Kim SY, Chung KS, Moon CM, Kim SW, Kim EY, Jung JY, Park MS, Kim YS, Kim SK, Chang J, Shin DJ, Kang YA. Association between genetic variants in the IRGM gene and tuberculosis in a Korean population. Infection 2014; 42:655-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Association between IL-10 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of tuberculosis: evidence based on a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88448. [PMID: 24523896 PMCID: PMC3921162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A number of observational studies have been conducted to investigate the association of IL-10 gene polymorphisms with tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility. However, the results of different studies were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between IL-10 -1082G/A, -819T/C, and -592A/C polymorphisms and TB risk by meta-analysis. Methods A literature search was conducted among six English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink and EBSCO) and two Chinese databases (Wanfang and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases) to identify studies involving association between IL-10 −1082G/A, −819T/C, and −592A/C polymorphisms and TB susceptibility before May. 2013. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.0 and Stata 12.0. Results A total of 31 studies with 6,559 cases and 7,768 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that three polymorphisms (-1082G/A, -819T/C, and -592A/C) in the IL-10 gene were not associated with the risk of TB in general population. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism was associated with TB risk in Europeans (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0. 0.37–0.89, P = 0.01) and Americans (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.27–0.57, P<0.01), and IL-10 -819T/C (C allele vs. T allele: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.96, P = 0.01) and -592A/C (CC+AC vs. AA: OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.49–0.85, P = 0.002) polymorphisms were significantly associated with TB risk in Asians. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that IL-10-1082G/A polymorphism was associated with TB risk in Europeans and Americans, and IL-10 -819T/C and -592A/C polymorphisms could be risk factors for TB in Asians. Additional well designed large studies were required for the validation of our results.
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Synthetic modifications of the immunomodulating peptide thymopentin to confer anti-mycobacterial activity. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3102-9. [PMID: 24411680 PMCID: PMC7124552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effective global control of tuberculosis (TB) is increasingly threatened by the convergence of multidrug-resistant TB and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. TB/HIV coinfections exert a tremendous burden on the host's immune system, and this has prompted the clinical use of immunomodulators to enhance host defences as an alternative therapeutic strategy. In this study, we modified the clinically used synthetic immunomodulatory pentapeptide, thymopentin (TP-5, RKDVY), with six arginine residues (RR-6, RRRRRR) at the N- and C-termini to obtain the cationic peptides, RR-11 (RKDVYRRRRRR-NH2) and RY-11 (RRRRRRRKDVY-NH2), respectively. The arginine residues conferred anti-mycobacterial activity to TP-5 in the peptides as shown by effective minimum inhibitory concentrations of 125 mg/L and killing efficiencies of >99.99% against both rifampicin-susceptible and -resistant Mycobacterium smegmatis. The immunomodulatory action of the peptides remained unaffected as shown by their ability to stimulate TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. A distinct change in surface morphology after peptide treatment was observed in scanning electron micrographs, while confocal microscopy and dye leakage studies suggested bacterial membrane disruption by the modified peptides. The modified peptides were non-toxic and did not cause hemolysis of rat red blood cells up to a concentration of 2000 mg/L. Moreover, RY-11 showed synergism with rifampicin and reduced the effective concentration of rifampicin, while preventing the induction of rifampicin resistance. The synthetic peptides may have a potential application in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised TB patients.
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Jena M, Srivastava AK, Singh RK, Sharma PR, Das P, Bamezai RN. NOS2A promoter (CCTTT)n association with TB lacks independent functional correlation amongst Indians. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Alqumber MAA, Mandal RK, Haque S, Panda AK, Akhter N, Ali A. A genetic association study of CCL5 -28 C>G (rs2280788) polymorphism with risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83422. [PMID: 24376699 PMCID: PMC3871615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), plays a key role in the inflammatory response by recruiting mononuclear cells during tuberculosis (TB) infection. Association studies of CCL5 -28 C>G (rs2280788) polymorphism and TB risk have shown inconsistent and contradictory results among different ethnic populations. The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the association between CCL5 -28 C>G polymorphism and TB susceptibility. METHODOLOGY We performed quantitative synthesis for published studies based upon association between CCL5 -28 C>G polymorphism and TB risk from PubMed (Medline), EMBASE web databases. The meta-analysis was performed and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for all genetic models. RESULTS A total of six studies including 1324 TB cases and 1407 controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Variant allele (G vs. C: p = 0.257; OR = 1.809, 95% CI = 0.649 to 5.043), heterozygous (CG vs. CC: p = 0.443; OR = 1.440, 95% CI = 0.567 to 3.658) and homozygous (GG vs. CC: p = 0.160; OR = 5.140, 95% CI = 0.524 to 50.404) carriers did not show increased risk compare with those individual with the CC genotype. Similarly, no associations were found in the dominant (GG+CG vs. CC: p = 0.295; OR = 1.802, 95% CI = 0.599 to 5.412) and recessive (GG vs. CC+CG: p = 0.188; OR = 3.533, 95% CI = 0.541 to 23.085) models. CONCLUSIONS Overall findings of this meta-analysis suggest that genetic polymorphism -28 C>G in CCL5 is not associated with increased TB risk. However, future larger studies with group of populations will be needed to analyze the relationship between the CCL5 -28 C>G polymorphism and risk of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. A. Alqumber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K. Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya K. Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Daya M, van der Merwe L, Galal U, Möller M, Salie M, Chimusa ER, Galanter JM, van Helden PD, Henn BM, Gignoux CR, Hoal E. A panel of ancestry informative markers for the complex five-way admixed South African coloured population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82224. [PMID: 24376522 PMCID: PMC3869660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Admixture is a well known confounder in genetic association studies. If genome-wide data is not available, as would be the case for candidate gene studies, ancestry informative markers (AIMs) are required in order to adjust for admixture. The predominant population group in the Western Cape, South Africa, is the admixed group known as the South African Coloured (SAC). A small set of AIMs that is optimized to distinguish between the five source populations of this population (African San, African non-San, European, South Asian, and East Asian) will enable researchers to cost-effectively reduce false-positive findings resulting from ignoring admixture in genetic association studies of the population. Using genome-wide data to find SNPs with large allele frequency differences between the source populations of the SAC, as quantified by Rosenberg et. al's -statistic, we developed a panel of AIMs by experimenting with various selection strategies. Subsets of different sizes were evaluated by measuring the correlation between ancestry proportions estimated by each AIM subset with ancestry proportions estimated using genome-wide data. We show that a panel of 96 AIMs can be used to assess ancestry proportions and to adjust for the confounding effect of the complex five-way admixture that occurred in the South African Coloured population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Daya
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Lize van der Merwe
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Statistics Department, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ushma Galal
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Marlo Möller
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Muneeb Salie
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Emile R. Chimusa
- Computational Biology Group, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Medical School, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joshua M. Galanter
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Paul D. van Helden
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Brenna M. Henn
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Chris R. Gignoux
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Eileen Hoal
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Khalilullah SA, Harapan H, Hasan NA, Winardi W, Ichsan I, Mulyadi M. Host genome polymorphisms and tuberculosis infection: What we have to say? EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2013; 63:173-185. [PMID: 26966339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiology studies suggest that host genetic factors play important roles in susceptibility, protection and progression of tuberculosis infection. Here we have reviewed the implications of some genetic polymorphisms in pathways related to tuberculosis susceptibility, severity and development. Large case-control studies examining single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes have been performed in tuberculosis patients in some countries. Polymorphisms in natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-10, vitamin D receptor (VDR), dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), nucleotide oligomerization binding domain 2 (NOD2), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and surfactant proteins A (SP-A) have been reviewed. These genes have been variably associated with tuberculosis infection and there is strong evidence indicating that host genetic factors play critical roles in tuberculosis susceptibility, severity and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Center, School of Medicine Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Nabeeh A Hasan
- Research Affiliate, Centre for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wira Winardi
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ichsan Ichsan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Center, School of Medicine Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Institute of Medical Microbiology and National Reference Center for Systemic Mycosis, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mulyadi Mulyadi
- Pulmonology Department, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Gong T, Yang M, Qi L, Shen M, Du Y. Association of MCP-1 -2518A/G and -362G/C variants and tuberculosis susceptibility: A meta-analysis. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 20:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Yang Y, Li X, Cui W, Guan L, Shen F, Xu J, Zhou F, Li M, Gao C, Jin Q, Liu J, Gao L. Potential association of pulmonary tuberculosis with genetic polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 9 and interferon-gamma in a Chinese population. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:511. [PMID: 24176007 PMCID: PMC3819710 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Association studies have been employed to investigate the relationships between host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB). However, such candidate genetic markers have not been widely studied in Chinese population, especially with respect to the disease development from latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Methods In this case–control study, 44 candidate SNPs were examined in a total of 600 participants (PTB patients, LTBI controls and healthy controls without M. tuberculosis infection) from Zhengzhou, China. The two groups of controls were frequency matched on gender and age with PTB patients. Genotyping was carried out by the Illumina Golden Gate assay. Results When comparing PTB patients with LTBI controls but not healthy controls without M. tuberculosis infection, significant associations with disease development were observed for TLR9 1174 A/G, TLR9 1635 A/G and IFNG 2109G/A. The two loci in TLR9 were in LD in our study population (r2=0.96, D’=1.00). A combined effect of the genotypes associated with increased risk of PTB (i.e. TLR9 1174G/G and IFNG 2109 A/A) was found when comparing PTB patients with LTBI controls (p=0.004) but not with healthy controls without infection (p=0.433). Conclusions Potential associations between TLR9 and IFN-γ genetic polymorphisms and PTB were observed in a Chinese population which supports further study of the roles played by TLR9/IFN-γ pathway during the development of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianmin Liu
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Chimusa ER, Zaitlen N, Daya M, Möller M, van Helden PD, Mulder NJ, Price AL, Hoal EG. Genome-wide association study of ancestry-specific TB risk in the South African Coloured population. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:796-809. [PMID: 24057671 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide burden of tuberculosis (TB) remains an enormous problem, and is particularly severe in the admixed South African Coloured (SAC) population residing in the Western Cape. Despite evidence from twin studies suggesting a strong genetic component to TB resistance, only a few loci have been identified to date. In this work, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS), meta-analysis and trans-ethnic fine mapping to attempt the replication of previously identified TB susceptibility loci. Our GWAS results confirm the WT1 chr11 susceptibility locus (rs2057178: odds ratio = 0.62, P = 2.71e(-06)) previously identified by Thye et al., but fail to replicate previously identified polymorphisms in the TLR8 gene and locus 18q11.2. Our study demonstrates that the genetic contribution to TB risk varies between continental populations, and illustrates the value of including admixed populations in studies of TB risk and other complex phenotypes. Our evaluation of local ancestry based on the real and simulated data demonstrates that case-only admixture mapping is currently impractical in multi-way admixed populations, such as the SAC, due to spurious deviations in average local ancestry generated by current local ancestry inference methods. This study provides insights into identifying disease genes and ancestry-specific disease risk in multi-way admixed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile R Chimusa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Areeshi MY, Mandal RK, Panda AK, Haque S. Association of P2X7 A1513C (rs3751143) Gene Polymorphism with Risk of Tuberculosis: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 17:662-8. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2013.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Y. Areeshi
- College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K. Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Aditya K. Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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Areeshi MY, Mandal RK, Panda AK, Haque S. A meta-analysis of the association between the CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) -403 G>A gene polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72139. [PMID: 24015211 PMCID: PMC3756059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Many case-control studies have been performed in the recent past to investigate the association between CCL5 -403 G>A (rs2107538) gene polymorphism and tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility in various ethnic groups. However, these studies have produced inconsistent and contradictory results. In the present study, meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between CCL5 -403 G>A polymorphism and TB risk. Methodology Quantitative synthesis was done for the published studies based upon association between CCL5 -403 G>A polymorphism and TB risk from PubMed (Medline), EMBASE web search. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for allele contrast, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant and recessive genetic models. Results A total of six studies comprising 1638 confirmed TB cases and 1519 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. Variant A allele (A vs. G: p = 0.035; OR = 1.301, 95% CI = 1.019 to 1.662) and variant homozygous (AA vs. GG; p = 0.001; OR = 1.520, 95% CI = 1.202 to 1.923) carriers were significantly associated with TB susceptibility. Similarly, recessive model (AA vs. GG+GA: p = 0.016; OR = 1.791, 95% CI = 1.117 to 2.873) also indicated increased TB risk. Whereas, heterozygous (GA vs. GG: p = 0.837; OR = 1.028, 95% CI = 0.791 to 1.335) and dominant (AA+GA vs. GG: p = 0.222; OR = 1.188, 95% CI = 0.901 to 1.567) models failed to show increased risk of developing TB. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that there is a significant association between the CCL5 -403 G>A polymorphism and increased risk of TB. However, larger well-designed epidemiological studies with stratified case control and biological characterization may be helpful to validate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Y. Areeshi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K. Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya K. Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a critical mediator of the innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:E2997-3006. [PMID: 23882081 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301128110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an innate cytokine encoded in a functionally polymorphic genetic locus, contributes to detrimental inflammation but may be crucial for controlling infection. We explored the role of variant MIF alleles in tuberculosis. In a Ugandan cohort, genetic low expressers of MIF were 2.4-times more frequently identified among patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) bacteremia than those without. We also found mycobacteria-stimulated transcription of MIF and serum MIF levels to be correlated with MIF genotype in human macrophages and in a separate cohort of US TB patients, respectively. To determine mechanisms for MIF's protective role, we studied both aerosolized and i.v. models of mycobacterial infection and observed MIF-deficient mice to succumb more quickly with higher organism burden, increased lung pathology, and decreased innate cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-12, IL-10). MIF-deficient animals showed increased pulmonary neutrophil accumulation but preserved adaptive immune response. MIF-deficient macrophages demonstrated decreased cytokine and reactive oxygen production and impaired mycobacterial killing. Transcriptional investigation of MIF-deficient macrophages revealed reduced expression of the pattern recognition receptor dectin-1; restoration of dectin-1 expression recovered innate cytokine production and mycobacterial killing. Our data place MIF in a crucial upstream position in the innate immune response to mycobacteria and suggest that commonly occurring low expression MIF alleles confer an increased risk of TB disease in some populations.
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Shen C, Wu XR, Jiao WW, Sun L, Feng WX, Xiao J, Miao Q, Liu F, Yin QQ, Zhang CG, Guo YJ, Shen AD. A functional promoter polymorphism of IFITM3 is associated with susceptibility to pediatric tuberculosis in Han Chinese population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67816. [PMID: 23874452 PMCID: PMC3706438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A susceptibility locus for tuberculosis, a re-emerging infectious disease throughout the world, was previously discovered to exist on chromosome 11p15. IFITM3 gene encoding for interferon inducible transmembrane protein 3, is located at 11p15. It acts as an effector molecule for interferon-gamma, which is essential for anti-tuberculosis immune response. In order to investigate the association between susceptibility to TB and genetic polymorphisms of the IFITM3 core promoter, a case-control study including 368 TB patients and 794 healthy controls was performed in Han Chinese children in northern China. The rs3888188 polymorphism showed significant association with susceptibility to TB. The rs3888188 G allele, acting recessively, was more frequent in TB patients (95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.56, Bonferroni P-value: 0.039). We further assessed the effect of rs3888188 polymorphism on IFITM3 transcription in vitro. As based on luciferase promoter assays, the promoter activity of haplotypes with rs3888188 G allele was lower than that of haplotypes with rs3888188 T allele. Moreover, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells carrying rs3888188 GG genotype showed a reduced IFITM3 mRNA level compared to cells carrying TT or GT genotype. In conclusion, rs3888188, a functional promoter polymorphism of IFITM3, was identified to influence the risk for pediatric TB in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-wei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-xing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-qin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-guang Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-jie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - A-dong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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le Roex N, van Helden PD, Koets AP, Hoal EG. Bovine TB in livestock and wildlife: what's in the genes? Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:631-7. [PMID: 23757394 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic, infectious disease found in domestic livestock and wildlife. It is caused predominantly by Mycobacterium bovis, which forms part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. BTB has serious implications for the movement of animals and animal products, biodiversity, and public health and is of significant economic concern. The existence of wildlife maintenance hosts makes it extremely difficult to eradicate BTB, even when established control strategies are in place, creating the need for alternative methods for controlling this disease. There are multiple factors that influence the outcome of infection by a pathogen, one of which is the host's genome. The identification of genetic variants involved in the susceptibility to BTB would supply a new selection of potential drug targets as well as the possibility for the breeding of animals with greater disease resistance. In this review, we collate the results of the BTB heritability and association studies performed in cattle and wildlife, discuss considerations and other methodologies (such as gene expression work) to be taken into account when performing genetic studies, and make some recommendations for future work in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki le Roex
- Department of Science & Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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131
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IFNG polymorphisms are associated with tuberculosis in Han Chinese pediatric female population. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:5477-82. [PMID: 23737189 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Host genetic factors play a major role in determining differential susceptibility to human tuberculosis (TB), a re-emerging infectious disease throughout the world. Genetic variations in the IFNG gene coding for interferon gamma (IFN-γ), have been identified in TB patients. To investigate the association of the IFNG polymorphisms with TB susceptibility in Chinese pediatric population. A case-control study of 189 TB patients and 164 controls was performed using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes in peripheral blood. Three SNPs of IFNG, including -1616C/T (rs2069705), +874A/T (rs2430561), and +3234C/T (rs2069718), were selected for genotyping and analysis. The +874A and +3234C alleles were more frequent among TB patients (P = 0.108 and P = 0.088), especially in females (both P = 0.029), although this difference was not significant since Bonferroni corrected significance threshold was 0.025 (two of three SNPs were found to be in linkage disequilibrium). More pronounced differences for the +874 and +3234 polymorphisms were found under the genotype comparison between TB cases and controls in the total population [P = 0.026 (borderline non-significance) and P = 0.020, respectively], and in the female subgroup (P = 0.020 and P = 0.020). The dominant model of inheritance was shown to be significant for +874A and +3234C alleles (both P = 0.019) in the female subgroup. The +874A and +3234C alleles were more frequently found in extrapulmonary TB patients than in controls (P = 0.039). Haplotype analysis carried out on these three SNPs showed the TTT haplotype to be more frequent in controls than in TB cases, and this difference showed a strong significance (P = 0.005). The +874A and +3234C alleles may be related to TB susceptibility in the female subgroup in the Chinese pediatric population of North China. The higher rate of +874A (known to correlate with lower IFN-γ expression) in the extrapulmonary TB subgroup suggests a sufficient IFN-γ expression to be not only an important factor for the onset of TB disease but also for limiting its dissemination to lungs.
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132
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le Roex N, Koets AP, van Helden PD, Hoal EG. Gene polymorphisms in African buffalo associated with susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis infection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64494. [PMID: 23691232 PMCID: PMC3654904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic, highly infectious disease that affects humans, cattle and numerous species of wildlife. In developing countries such as South Africa, the existence of extensive wildlife-human-livestock interfaces poses a significant risk of Mycobacterium bovis transmission between these groups, and has far-reaching ecological, economic and public health impacts. The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), acts as a maintenance host for Mycobacterium bovis, and maintains and transmits the disease within the buffalo and to other species. In this study we aimed to investigate genetic susceptibility of buffalo for Mycobacterium bovis infection. Samples from 868 African buffalo of the Cape buffalo subspecies were used in this study. SNPs (n = 69), with predicted functional consequences in genes related to the immune system, were genotyped in this buffalo population by competitive allele-specific SNP genotyping. Case-control association testing and statistical analyses identified three SNPs associated with BTB status in buffalo. These SNPs, SNP41, SNP137 and SNP144, are located in the SLC7A13, DMBT1 and IL1α genes, respectively. SNP137 remained significantly associated after permutation testing. The three genetic polymorphisms identified are located in promising candidate genes for further exploration into genetic susceptibility to BTB in buffalo and other bovids, such as the domestic cow. These polymorphisms/genes may also hold potential for marker-assisted breeding programmes, with the aim of breeding more BTB-resistant animals and herds within both the national parks and the private sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki le Roex
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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133
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van Helden PD, Hoal EG. A new TB vaccine: Fact or fiction? Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 36:287-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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134
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Stein CM, Hall NB, Malone LL, Mupere E. The household contact study design for genetic epidemiological studies of infectious diseases. Front Genet 2013; 4:61. [PMID: 23641253 PMCID: PMC3639375 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most genetic epidemiological study designs fall into one of two categories: family based and population-based (case–control). However, recent advances in statistical genetics call for study designs that combine these two approaches. We describe the household contact study design as we have applied it in our several years of study of the epidemiology of tuberculosis. Though we highlight its applicability for genetic epidemiological studies of infectious diseases, there are many facets of this design that are appealing for modern genetic studies, including the simultaneous enrollment of related and unrelated individuals, closely and distantly related individuals, collection of extensive epidemiologic and phenotypic data, and evaluation of effects of shared environment and gene by environment interaction. These study design characteristics are particularly appealing for current sequencing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Stein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH, USA ; Uganda - Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration Kampala, Uganda
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135
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Tao L, Zalwango S, Chervenak K, Thiel B, Malone LL, Qiu F, Mayanja-Kizza H, Boom WH, Stein CM. Genetic and shared environmental influences on interferon-γ production in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in a Ugandan population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013; 89:169-73. [PMID: 23629934 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a key cytokine in the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Many studies established IFN-γ responses are influenced by host genetics, however differed widely by the study design and heritability estimation method. We estimated heritability of IFN-γ responses to Mtb culture filtrate (CF), ESAT-6, and Antigen 85B (Ag85B) in 1,104 Ugandans from a household contact study. Our method separately evaluates shared environmental and genetic variance, therefore heritability estimates were not upwardly biased, ranging from 11.6% for Ag85B to 22.9% for CF. Subset analyses of individuals with latent Mtb infection or without human immunodeficiency virus infection yielded higher heritability estimates, suggesting 10-30% of variation in IFN-γ is caused by a shared environment. Immunosuppression does not negate the role of genetics on IFN-γ response. These estimates are remarkably close to those reported for components of the innate immune response. These findings have implications for the interpretation of IFN-γ response assays and vaccine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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136
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Schön T, Lerm M, Stendahl O. Shortening the 'short-course' therapy- insights into host immunity may contribute to new treatment strategies for tuberculosis. J Intern Med 2013; 273:368-82. [PMID: 23331325 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Achieving global control of tuberculosis (TB) is a great challenge considering the current increase in multidrug resistance and mortality rate. Considerable efforts are therefore being made to develop new effective vaccines, more effective and rapid diagnostic tools as well as new drugs. Shortening the duration of TB treatment with revised regimens and modes of delivery of existing drugs, as well as development of new antimicrobial agents and optimization of the host response with adjuvant immunotherapy could have a profound impact on TB cure rates. Recent data show that chronic worm infection and deficiencies in micronutrients such as vitamin D and arginine are potential areas of intervention to optimize host immunity. Nutritional supplementation to enhance nitric oxide production and vitamin D-mediated effector functions as well as the treatment of worm infection to reduce immunosuppressive effects of regulatory T (Treg) lymphocytes may be more suitable and accessible strategies for highly endemic areas than adjuvant cytokine therapy. In this review, we focus mainly on immune control of human TB, and discuss how current treatment strategies, including immunotherapy and nutritional supplementation, could be optimized to enhance the host response leading to more effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schön
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden
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137
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Association between the PTPN22 1858C/T gene polymorphism and tuberculosis resistance. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 16:310-3. [PMID: 23499775 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies identified the functional polymorphism 1858C/T in the gene PTPN22 in association with several autoimmune diseases and with resistance to tuberculosis (TB). This study is the first to investigate the association between pulmonary TB and the PTPN22 1858C/T polymorphism in the Brazilian Amazon. We conducted a case-control study involving a group of 413 individuals, comprised of 208TB carriers and 205 controls. No significant association between the PTPN22 1858T allele frequency in controls (2.4%) and TB carriers (2.7%, p=0.982, odds ratio (OR)=0.89, 95% confidence interval=0.37-2.13) was identified in the Brazilian Amazon population. An additional evaluation by meta-analysis, however, suggested a protective role of the T allele in relation to TB (pooled OR=0.44, p=0.011). These results suggest that the PTPN22 1858T allele serves as a protective genetic factor for TB in those individuals who carry this minor allele.
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138
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Grant AV, El Baghdadi J, Sabri A, El Azbaoui S, Alaoui-Tahiri K, Abderrahmani Rhorfi I, Gharbaoui Y, Abid A, Benkirane M, Raharimanga V, Richard V, Orlova M, Boland A, Migaud M, Okada S, Nolan DK, Bustamante J, Barreiro LB, Schurr E, Boisson-Dupuis S, Rasolofo V, Casanova JL, Abel L. Age-dependent association between pulmonary tuberculosis and common TOX variants in the 8q12-13 linkage region. Am J Hum Genet 2013; 92:407-14. [PMID: 23415668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a small fraction of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop clinical tuberculosis (TB) in their lifetime. Genetic epidemiological evidence suggests a genetic determinism of pulmonary TB (PTB), but the molecular basis of genetic predisposition to PTB remains largely unknown. We used a positional-cloning approach to carry out ultrafine linkage-disequilibrium mapping of a previously identified susceptibility locus in chromosomal region 8q12-13 by genotyping 3,216 SNPs in a family-based Moroccan sample including 286 offspring with PTB. We observed 44 PTB-associated SNPs (p < 0.01), which were genotyped in an independent set of 317 cases and 650 controls from Morocco. A single signal, consisting of two correlated SNPs close to TOX, rs1568952 and rs2726600 (combined p = 1.1 × 10(-5) and 9.2 × 10(-5), respectively), was replicated. Stronger evidence of association was found in individuals who developed PTB before the age of 25 years (combined p for rs1568952 = 4.4 × 10(-8); odds ratio of PTB for AA versus AG/GG = 3.09 [1.99-4.78]). The association with rs2726600 (p = 0.04) was subsequently replicated in PTB-affected subjects under 25 years in a study of 243 nuclear families from Madagascar. Stronger evidence of replication in Madagascar was obtained for additional SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium with the two initial SNPs (p = 0.003 for rs2726597), further confirming the signal. We thus identified around rs1568952 and rs2726600 a cluster of SNPs strongly associated with early-onset PTB in Morocco and Madagascar. SNP rs2726600 is located in a transcription-factor binding site in the 3' region of TOX, and further functional explorations will focus on CD4 T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey V Grant
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980, Paris, France
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139
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Shen C, Wu XR, Wang BB, Sun L, Jiao WW, Wang J, Feng WX, Xiao J, Miao Q, Liu F, Yin QQ, Ma X, Shen AD. ALOX5 is associated with tuberculosis in a subset of the pediatric population of North China. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 17:284-8. [PMID: 23448388 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors are involved in the etiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Recently, ALOX5 has been identified as a candidate gene for tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility. We investigated whether an association between ALOX5 and TB exists in a Chinese pediatric population from northern China. METHODS We conducted a case-control study comprising 488 individuals aged 2 months to 17 years by genotyping 18 tag-single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the ALOX5 gene. The tag-SNPs were selected from the international HapMap project. An Illumina BeadXpress Scanner was utilized for genotyping, supported by the high-density BeadArray technology in combination with an allele-specific extension, adapter ligation, and amplification assay. Statistical analyses were performed to determine correlations between genetic variation and disease. RESULTS Our study is the first to show that ALOX5 is associated with susceptibility to pediatric TB in a subset of children in northern China. The rs2115819 T allele of ALOX5 presents a risk factor for childhood TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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140
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Jo EK. Autophagy as an innate defense against mycobacteria. Pathog Dis 2013; 67:108-18. [PMID: 23620156 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past several years, much has been revealed about the roles of autophagy and the mechanisms by which the autophagic pathway activates the host innate effector response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. In response to invading mycobacteria, the host innate immune system not only recognizes pathogen motifs through innate receptors, it also produces appropriate effector proteins, including cytokines. These innate signals activate or regulate autophagic pathways during infection. It is now clear that vitamin D and functional vitamin D receptor signaling are critical in the activation of autophagic defenses against Mtb in human cells. Immunity-related GTPase family M proteins, including the cationic antimicrobial protein cathelicidin and autophagic receptor p62, participate in autophagic pathways that enhance antimicrobial activity against mycobacteria. Moreover, reactive oxygen species mediate antibacterial autophagy and successful antimicrobial responses during antibiotic chemotherapy. Recent work has also shown that pathogenic Mtb can be targeted by selective autophagy through an ESX-1 type VII secretion system. Here, we review the triggers, host factors, and intracellular pathways that regulate host autophagy and its impact on antimicrobial host defenses during mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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141
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Cellier MFM. Cell-Type Specific Determinants of NRAMP1 Expression in Professional Phagocytes. BIOLOGY 2013; 2:233-83. [PMID: 24832660 PMCID: PMC4009858 DOI: 10.3390/biology2010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1 or Solute carrier 11 member 1, Slc11a1) transports divalent metals across the membrane of late endosomes and lysosomes in professional phagocytes. Nramp1 represents an ancient eukaryotic cell-autonomous defense whereas the gene duplication that yielded Nramp1 and Nramp2 predated the origin of Sarcopterygians (lobe-finned fishes and tetrapods). SLC11A1 genetic polymorphisms associated with human resistance to tuberculosis consist of potential regulatory variants. Herein, current knowledge of the regulation of SLC11A1 gene expression is reviewed and comprehensive analysis of ENCODE data available for hematopoietic cell-types suggests a hypothesis for the regulation of SLC11A1 expression during myeloid development and phagocyte functional polarization. SLC11A1 is part of a 34.6 kb CTCF-insulated locus scattered with predicted regulatory elements: a 3' enhancer, a large 5' enhancer domain and four elements spread around the transcription start site (TSS), including several C/EBP and PU.1 sites. SLC11A1 locus ends appear mobilized by ETS-related factors early during myelopoiesis; activation of both 5' and 3' enhancers in myelo-monocytic cells correlate with transcription factor binding at the TSS. Characterizing the corresponding cis/trans determinants functionally will establish the mechanisms involved and possibly reveal genetic variation that impacts susceptibility to infectious or immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F M Cellier
- Inrs-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, Bd des prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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142
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Cobat A, Orlova M, Barrera L, Schurr E. Host Genomics and Control of Tuberculosis Infection. Public Health Genomics 2013; 16:44-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000341499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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143
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Zhang Z, Zhu H, Pu X, Meng S, Zhang F, Xun L, Liu Q, Wang Y. Association between tumor necrosis factor alpha-238G/a polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis study. BMC Infect Dis 2012. [PMID: 23192010 PMCID: PMC3519796 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) plays a key role in the containment of tuberculosis. The relationship between the TNF -238G/A polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility remains inconclusive. A comprehensive meta-analysis was made to provide a more precise estimate of the relationship between them. Methods Multiple search strategies were used. A fixed effect model was takentook to estimate pooled OR with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between the TNF -238G/A polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility. The Chi-squared-based Q-test and I-squaredI2 statistic were calculated to examine heterogeneity. Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. Results 9 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. No significant heterogeneity was demonstrated, and no obvious publication bias was detected among the included studies. The meta-analysis indicated that there was no significant association between the TNF -238G/A polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility (GA+AA versus GG model: OR=1.005, 95% CI: 0.765-1.319; A versus G model: OR=1.000, 95% CI: 0.769-1.300). In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, types of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, no significant association were identified. Conclusions The meta-analysis involving 2723 subjects did not detect any association between the TNF -238G/A polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiao Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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144
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Ji LD, Chai PF, Zhou BB, Tang NLS, Xing WH, Yuan F, Fei LJ, Zhang LN, Xu J. Lack of association between polymorphisms from genome-wide association studies and tuberculosis in the Chinese population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 45:310-4. [PMID: 23113532 DOI: 10.3109/00365548.2012.726739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified rs4331426 and rs2057178 as being associated with tuberculosis (TB) in African populations. Both are common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Africans, but they are much rarer in Eurasian populations. In order to corroborate these results, we carried out a case-control study in the Chinese population; these 2 SNPs were genotyped in 600 pulmonary TB patients and 618 healthy controls. The results showed that neither of the SNPs was associated with TB, even after stratification by gender, age, and smear status. Considering the limitation of poor coverage of variations in commercial available genotyping platforms in African populations, further GWAS should be conducted in other populations such as Indian and Chinese. Moreover, future genetic studies on host susceptibility to TB need to take into account all the variables, including host, environment, pathogen, and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Dan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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145
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause worldwide of human mortality attributable to a single infectious agent. Recent studies targeting candidate genes and "case-control" association have revealed numerous polymorphisms implicated in host susceptibility to TB. Here, we review current progress in the understanding of causative polymorphisms in host innate immune genes associated with TB pathogenesis. We discuss genes encoding several types of proteins: macrophage receptors, such as the mannose receptor (MR, CD206), dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), Dectin-1, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), complement receptor 3 (CR3, CD11b/CD18), nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and NOD2, CD14, P2X7, and the vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR); soluble C-type lectins, such as surfactant protein-A (SP-A), SP-D, and mannose-binding lectin (MBL); phagocyte cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18; chemokines, such as IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES, and CXCL10; and other important innate immune molecules, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and solute carrier protein 11A1 (SLC11A1). Polymorphisms in these genes have been variably associated with susceptibility to TB among different populations. This apparent variability is probably accounted for by evolutionary selection pressure as a result of long-term host-pathogen interactions in certain regions or populations and, in part, by lack of proper study design and limited knowledge of molecular and functional effects of the implicated genetic variants. Finally, we discuss genomic technologies that hold promise for resolving questions regarding the evolutionary paths of the human genome, functional effects of polymorphisms, and corollary impacts of adaptation on human health, ultimately leading to novel approaches to controlling TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K. Azad
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- Department of Pharmacology, Program in Pharmacogenomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology
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146
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Verhagen LM, Hermans PWM, Warris A, de Groot R, Maes M, Villalba JA, del Nogal B, van den Hof S, Mughini Gras L, van Soolingen D, Pinelli E, de Waard JH. Helminths and skewed cytokine profiles increase tuberculin skin test positivity in Warao Amerindians. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2012; 92:505-12. [PMID: 22877977 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The immune regulatory mechanisms involved in the acquisition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children are largely unknown. We investigated the influence of parasitic infections, malnutrition and plasma cytokine profiles on tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity in Warao Amerindians in Venezuela. Pediatric household contacts of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) cases were enrolled for TST, chest radiograph, plasma cytokine analyses, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) testing and stool examinations. Factors associated with TST positivity were studied using generalized estimation equations logistic regression models. Of the 141 asymptomatic contacts, 39% was TST-positive. After adjusting for age, gender and nutritional status, TST positivity was associated with Trichuris trichiura infections (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1-11.6) and low circulating levels of T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.33-0.79). Ascaris lumbricoides infections in interaction with Th2- and interleukin (IL)-10-dominated cytokine profiles were positively associated with TST positivity (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1-8.9 and OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.04-5.7, respectively). A negative correlation of QFT-GIT mitogen responses with Th1 and Th2 levels and a positive correlation with age were observed (all p < 0.01). We conclude that helminth infections and low Th1 cytokine plasma levels are significantly associated with TST positivity in indigenous Venezuelan pediatric TB contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Verhagen
- Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Instituto de Biomedicina, Caracas, Venezuela.
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147
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Abstract
Mycobacterial diseases are a group of illnesses that cause a considerable number of deaths throughout the world, regardless of years of public health control efforts. Personalized medicine is a new but rapidly advancing field of healthcare. Personalized medicine in the field of mycobacteriology may be applied in the different levels of management such as prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. A genetic predisposition and a protein dysfunction study are recommended to tailor an individual approach in mycobacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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148
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Ben-Selma W, Harizi H, Letaief M, Boukadida J. Age- and gender-specific effects on NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms and risk of the development of active tuberculosis in Tunisian populations. Int J Infect Dis 2012; 16:e543-50. [PMID: 22609013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies that have assessed NRAMP1 polymorphisms and their association with susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in humans have yielded conflicting results. In this study, we evaluated the association between NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of the development of active TB in Tunisian populations. METHODS The distribution of 3'-UTR and D543N polymorphisms in 223 TB patients (168 patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) and 55 patients with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB)) and 150 healthy donors was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. RESULTS We found that AA and AG genotypes appeared to be associated with susceptibility to PTB (odds ratio (OR) 10.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-230.8; p corrected for the number of genotypes (pc)=0.018) and EPTB (OR 4.37, 95% CI 1.64-11.82; pc=0.0024), respectively, in patients aged less than 30 years. However, wild-type GG genotype appeared to be associated with resistance against PTB in females (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01-0.74; pc=0.03). The 3'-UTR del/del genotype appeared to be associated with susceptibility to PTB in patients aged less than 30 years (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.5-9.52; pc=0.003). In contrast, TGTG+/del might be associated with resistance against the development of active PTB (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.65; pc=0.003). A-del haplotype appeared to be associated with susceptibility to PTB (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.11-2.9; pc=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest an association of NRAMP1 3'-UTR and D543N polymorphisms with susceptibility to mycobacterial infection in Tunisian populations in relation to age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben-Selma
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, UR02SP13, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Av. Ibn el Jazzar, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
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Dandekar T, Astrid F, Jasmin P, Hensel M. Salmonella enterica: a surprisingly well-adapted intracellular lifestyle. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:164. [PMID: 22563326 PMCID: PMC3342586 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The infectious intracellular lifestyle of Salmonella enterica relies on the adaptation to nutritional conditions within the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) in host cells. We summarize latest results on metabolic requirements for Salmonella during infection. This includes intracellular phenotypes of mutant strains based on metabolic modeling and experimental tests, isotopolog profiling using 13C-compounds in intracellular Salmonella, and complementation of metabolic defects for attenuated mutant strains towards a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic requirements of the intracellular lifestyle of Salmonella. Helpful for this are also genomic comparisons. We outline further recent studies and which analyses of intracellular phenotypes and improved metabolic simulations were done and comment on technical required steps as well as progress involved in the iterative refinement of metabolic flux models, analyses of mutant phenotypes, and isotopolog analyses. Salmonella lifestyle is well-adapted to the SCV and its specific metabolic requirements. Salmonella metabolism adapts rapidly to SCV conditions, the metabolic generalist Salmonella is quite successful in host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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150
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Chiodini RJ, Chamberlin WM, Sarosiek J, McCallum RW. Crohn's disease and the mycobacterioses: a quarter century later. Causation or simple association? Crit Rev Microbiol 2012; 38:52-93. [PMID: 22242906 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2011.638273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been more than 25 years since Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was first proposed as an etiologic agent in Crohn's disease based on the isolation of this organism from several patients. Since that time, a great deal of information has been accumulated that clearly establishes an association between M. paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease. However, data are conflicting and difficult to interpret and the field has become divided into committed advocates and confirmed skeptics. This review is an attempt to provide a thorough and objective summary of current knowledge from both basic and clinical research from the views and interpretations of both the antagonists and proponents. The reader is left to draw his or her own conclusions related to the validity of the issues and claims made by the opposing views and data interpretations. Whether M. paratuberculosis is a causative agent in some cases or simply represents an incidental association remains a controversial topic, but current evidence suggests that the notion should not be so readily dismissed. Remaining questions that need to be addressed in defining the role of M. paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease and future implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrick J Chiodini
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, USA.
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