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Elevation of human leukocyte antigen-G expression is associated with the severe encephalitis associated with neurogenic pulmonary edema caused by Enterovirus 71. Clin Exp Med 2013; 14:161-7. [PMID: 23605689 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection can develop devastating clinical outcomes such as brain stem encephalitis (BE) and pulmonary edema (PE). Alteration of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression or cytokine production was considered playing important roles in virus-related pathogenesis. However, clinical relevance of HLA-G in EV71 infection remains unknown. In the current study, patients were stratified by disease severity as BE (n = 107) and PE (n = 18). HLA-G expression on peripheral blood monocytes from patients with BE (n = 15), patients with PE (n = 15) and control subjects (n = 31) was analyzed with flow cytometry. Plasma soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) (in 67 BE, 18 PE and 120 control subjects), IL-6 and IL-10 (in 50 patients with BE, 18 patients with PE and 45 control subjects) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data showed that the percentage of HLA-G-positive monocytes (mean 7.76 vs 3.68 %, p < 0.001), levels for sHLA-G (median 129.2 vs 70.6 U/ml, p < 0.001), IL-10 (median 160.5 vs 29.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001) and IL-6 (median 20.50 vs 5.21 pg/ml, p = 0.002) was significantly higher in patients with PE than in patients with BE. Taken together, our findings indicated that elevation of HLA-G expression on monocytes, plasma sHLA-G, IL-10 and IL-6 levels was associated with PE in patients infected with EV71.
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102
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Zhang XH, Dai ZX, Zhang GH, Han JB, Zheng YT. Molecular characterization, balancing selection, and genomic organization of the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) MHC class I gene. Gene 2013; 522:147-55. [PMID: 23566832 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune response among vertebrates. Accordingly, in numerous mammals the genomic structure and molecular characterization of MHC class I genes have been thoroughly investigated. To date, however, little is known about these genes in tree shrews, despite the increasingly popularity of its usage as an animal model. To address this deficiency, we analyzed the structure and characteristic of the tree shrew MHC class I genes (Tube-MHC I) and performed a comparative gene analysis of the tree shrew and other mammal species. We found that the full-length cDNA sequence of the tree shrew MHC class I is 1074bp in length. The deduced peptide is composed of 357 amino acids containing a leader peptide, an α1 and α2 domain, an α3 domain, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain. Among these peptides, the cysteines, CD8(+) interaction and N-glycosylation sites are all well conserved. Furthermore, the genomic sequence of the tree shrew MHC class I gene was identified to be 3180bp in length, containing 8 exons and 7 introns. In 21 MHC class I sequences, we conducted an extensive study of nucleotide substitutions. The results indicated that in the peptide binding region (PBR) the rate of non-synonymous substitutions (dN) to synonymous substitutions (dS) was greater than 1, suggesting balancing selection at the PBR. These findings provide valuable contributions in furthering our understanding of the structure, molecular polymorphism, and function of the MHC class I genes in tree shrews, further improving their utility as an animal model in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-He Zhang
- Key laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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103
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HLA-G5 in the blood of leukemia patients and healthy individuals. Leuk Res 2013; 37:139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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104
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Martinez-Laso J, Herraiz MA, Peñaloza J, Barbolla ML, Jurado ML, Macedo J, Vidart J, Cervera I. Promoter sequences confirm the three different evolutionary lineages described for HLA-G. Hum Immunol 2012; 74:383-8. [PMID: 23220497 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
HLA-G alleles follow a different pattern of polymorphism generation that those of the HLA classical I alleles. However, this polymorphism maintenance could have an evolutionary specific pathways based on non coding regions as introns, 14 bp deletion/insertion (exon 8) or promoter regions. For this reason, a systematic sequencing study of HLA-G promoter region was done in 36 individuals with a total of 15 different alleles. From the 12 sequences obtained, 7 were new sequences and not previously described. Results show that the sequences have three different patterns of evolution confirming the results obtained in the rest of the sequence regions (exons, introns and 3'UTR) where three different lineages were established. Only one of these lineages includes the non-human primate promoter sequences suggesting the possibility of this lineage could come directly from non-human primates while the other two could be generated after the speciation. More non-human primates MHC-G promoter sequences must be obtained to confirm this hypothesis. Expression and functional assays could be done considering the differences obtained in the promoter regions involving the HLA-G function (mRNA expression, isoforms).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martinez-Laso
- Unidad de Inmunoterapia Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km 2.2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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105
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Vasireddi M, Hilliard J. Herpes B virus, macacine herpesvirus 1, breaks simplex virus tradition via major histocompatibility complex class I expression in cells from human and macaque hosts. J Virol 2012; 86:12503-11. [PMID: 22973043 PMCID: PMC3497696 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01350-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
B virus of the family Herpesviridae is endemic to rhesus macaques but results in 80% fatality in untreated humans who are zoonotically infected. Downregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I in order to evade CD8(+) T-cell activation is characteristic of most herpesviruses. Here we examined the cell surface presence and total protein expression of MHC class I molecules in B virus-infected human foreskin fibroblast cells and macaque kidney epithelial cells in culture, which are representative of foreign and natural host initial target cells of B virus. Our results show <20% downregulation of surface MHC class I molecules in either type of host cells infected with B virus, which is statistically insignificantly different from that observed in uninfected cells. We also examined the surface expression of MHC class Ib molecules, HLA-E and HLA-G, involved in NK cell inhibition. Our results showed significant upregulation of HLA-E and HLA-G in host cells infected with B virus relative to the amounts observed in other herpesvirus-infected cells. These results suggest that B virus-infected cell surfaces maintain normal levels of MHC class Ia molecules, a finding unique among simplex viruses. This is a unique divergence in immune evasion for B virus, which, unlike human simplex viruses, does not inhibit the transport of peptides for loading onto MHC class Ia molecules because B virus ICP47 lacks a transporter-associated protein binding domain. The fact that MHC class Ib molecules were significantly upregulated has additional implications for host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Vasireddi
- Viral Immunology Center, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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106
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Han Q, Li N, Zhu Q, Li Z, Zhang G, Chen J, Lv Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Hao C. Association of serum soluble human leukocyte antigen-G levels with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Clin Exp Med 2012; 14:35-43. [PMID: 23007926 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-012-0214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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107
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Dai ZX, Zhang GH, Zhang XH, Zheng YT. Identification and characterization of a novel splice variant of rhesus macaque MHC IA. Mol Immunol 2012; 53:206-13. [PMID: 22947772 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules play a pivotal role in the immune recognition to intracellular pathogens. A number of important splice variants have already been characterized for these molecules in different species, suggesting their important roles in modulation of immune responses. In this study, we have identified and characterized a novel alternatively spliced form of rhesus macaque MHC IA (designated MHC IA-sv2) that lacks exons coding for the α2 and α3 domains. Despite lacking the α2 and α3 domains, MHC IA-sv2 is targeted to the cell surface, as a 23-kDa glycoprotein that is totally susceptible to endoglycosidase-H digestion and is reduced to 18kDa after deglycosylation with PNGase F. In contrast, the full-length MHC IA reaches the cell surface as a 43-kDa protein of form with complex-type N-glycosylation (endoglycosidase-H resistant). Moreover, we provide evidence here that MHC IA-sv2 can self-associate, forming homodimers, or associate with the fully mature MHC IA molecule, forming a heterodimeric structure in mammalian cells. These data demonstrate that the formation of heterodimers may have some functional implications in the fine tuning of MHC IA-mediated innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China
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108
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Akhter A, Faridi RM, Das V, Pandey A, Naik S, Agrawal S. In vitro up-regulation of HLA-G using dexamethasone and hydrocortisone in first-trimester trophoblast cells of women experiencing recurrent miscarriage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 80:126-35. [PMID: 22563925 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01884.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface express an unusual combination of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C, HLA-E and HLA-G. Altered expression of HLA-G on the extravillous cytotrophoblast has been implicated in the etiology of recurrent miscarriages (RMs). We have assessed HLA-G expression in extravillous cytotrophoblast in cell cultures prepared from RM patients and compared with those of first-trimester voluntarily terminated normal pregnancies (control). Glucocorticoids, dexamethasone and hydrocortisone were examined for their role in modulation of the HLA-G expression. HLA-G promoter and 3'UTR variants were investigated for their effect on the transcription of HLA-G. Cultured cytotrophoblast cells from the first-trimester RM patients were treated with dexamethasone and hydrocortisone (dose concentration 0-1000 ng/ml). HLA-G gene transcription was determined by semiquantitative and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while protein expression was determined by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry and western blot analyses. HLA-G polymorphisms were detected by PCR and/or sequence-based typing. Low level of HLA-G was observed in untreated trophoblast cells obtained from RM patients as compared with controls. Upon treatment with glucocorticoids, the expression of HLA-G in these cells was up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), with no change in cellular proliferation and viability. There was no significant association between HLA-G polymorphism in RM patients and controls. HLA-G is minimally expressed in cultured trophoblast cells of RM patients. It can be up-regulated upon exposure with both dexamethasone and hydrocortisone. Glucocorticoids have the potential to modulate HLA-G expression in vitro, and can be further examined for their therapeutic applicability in RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Akhter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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109
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Huang PY, Best OG, Belov L, Mulligan SP, Christopherson RI. Surface profiles for subclassification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 53:1046-56. [PMID: 22023531 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.631370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a variable clinical course. Some patients have stable disease while others progress and require treatment. Levels of several cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens are known to correlate with prognosis and may be used to stratify patients according to risk. In this review, we summarize current information on surface CD antigens found on CLL, their pathological significance and their detection using CD antibody microarrays. The use of extensive immunophenotypic patterns or surface profiles as disease signatures for CLL subclassification, prognosis and patient management is discussed with a focus on triaging patients with CLL with progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Y Huang
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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110
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Manaster I, Goldman-Wohl D, Greenfield C, Nachmani D, Tsukerman P, Hamani Y, Yagel S, Mandelboim O. MiRNA-mediated control of HLA-G expression and function. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33395. [PMID: 22438923 PMCID: PMC3306401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a non-classical HLA class-Ib molecule expressed mainly by the extravillous cytotrophoblasts (EVT) of the placenta. The expression of HLA-G on these fetal cells protects the EVT cells from immune rejection and is therefore important for a healthy pregnancy. The mechanisms controlling HLA-G expression are largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that miR-148a and miR-152 down-regulate HLA-G expression by binding its 3'UTR and that this down-regulation of HLA-G affects LILRB1 recognition and consequently, abolishes the LILRB1-mediated inhibition of NK cell killing. We further demonstrate that the C/G polymorphism at position +3142 of HLA-G 3'UTR has no effect on the miRNA targeting of HLA-G. We show that in the placenta both miR-148a and miR-152 miRNAs are expressed at relatively low levels, compared to other healthy tissues, and that the mRNA levels of HLA-G are particularly high and we therefore suggest that this might enable the tissue specific expression of HLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Manaster
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, IMRIC, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Debra Goldman-Wohl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Human Placenta Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centers, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Caryn Greenfield
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Human Placenta Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centers, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daphna Nachmani
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, IMRIC, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pinchas Tsukerman
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, IMRIC, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaron Hamani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Human Placenta Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centers, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Simcha Yagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Human Placenta Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centers, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, IMRIC, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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111
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Dai ZX, Zhang GH, Zhang XH, Xia HJ, Li SY, Zheng YT. The β2-microglobulin-free heterodimerization of rhesus monkey MHC class I A with its normally spliced variant reduces the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of MHC class I A. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:2285-96. [PMID: 22291188 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The MHC class I (MHC I) molecules play a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses by presenting antigenic peptides to CTLs and by regulating cytolytic activities of NK cells. In this article, we show that MHC I A in rhesus macaques can be alternatively spliced, generating a novel MHC I A isoform (termed "MHC I A-sv1") devoid of α(3) domain. Despite the absence of β2-microglobulin (β2m), the MHC I A-sv1 proteins reached the cell surface of K562-transfected cells as endoglycosidase H-sensitive glycoproteins that could form disulfide-bonded homodimers. Cycloheximide-based protein chase experiments showed that the MHC I A-sv1 proteins were more stable than the full-length MHC I A in transiently or stably transfected cell lines. Of particular interest, our studies demonstrated that MHC I A-sv1 could form β2m-free heterodimers with its full-length protein in mammalian cells. The formation of heterodimers was accompanied by a reduction in full-length MHC I A ubiquitination and consequent stabilization of the protein. Taken together, these results demonstrated that MHC I A-sv1 and MHC I A can form a novel heterodimeric complex as a result of the displacement of β2m and illustrated the relevance of regulated MHC I A protein degradation in the β2m-free heterodimerization-dependent control, which may have some implications for the MHC I A splice variant in the fine tuning of classical MHC I A/TCR and MHC I A/killer cell Ig-like receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, People's Republic of China
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112
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Cao M, Yie SM, Liu J, Ye SR, Xia D, Gao E. Plasma soluble HLA-G is a potential biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal, gastric, esophageal and lung cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 78:120-8. [PMID: 21726203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01716.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a novel tumor marker and its soluble isoforms produce secretory proteins. Increased soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) levels have been reported in patients with melanoma, neuroblastoma, lymphoproliferative disorders, breast, ovarian and colorectal carcinoma when compared to healthy controls or subjects with benign neoplasms. The aim of this study is to investigate whether or not plasma sHLA-G can be used as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis. We measured plasma sHLA-G levels in 166 patients with early stages of colorectal cancer (CRC, n = 37), gastric cancer (GC, n = 28), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC, n = 58) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, n = 43), and compared them to healthy controls (n = 260) by using a specific HLA-G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that plasma sHLA-G levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in healthy controls (all P < 0.0001). The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves for sHLA-G were 0.97, 0.91, 0.98 and 0.80 for healthy controls vs CRC, GC, ESCC and NSCLC, respectively. At 100% specificity, the highest sensitivity achieved to detect CRC, GC, ESCC and NSCLC was 94% [95% confidence interval (CI), 89-99], 85% (95% CI, 76-94), 91% (95% CI, 88-94) and 51% (95% CI, 43-59) at a cutoff value of 49 U/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that plasma sHLA-G may be a useful molecule in the differential diagnosis of these malignancies against healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cao
- Core Laboratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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113
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Heidari MH, Novin MG, Ahmadi F, Khorshid M, Najafi T, Molouki A, Salehpour S, Bandehpour M, Heidari M, Sato E. Increase in concentration of soluble HLA-G in high-quality embryos after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Anat Cell Biol 2011; 44:331-6. [PMID: 22254162 PMCID: PMC3254887 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2011.44.4.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive methods are normally preferred to conventional invasive methods when selecting suitable embryos to improve pregnancy rates after assisted reproduction techniques. One of the most recognized non-invasive methods is to examine the supernatants of embryo culture media. Soluble human leukocyte antigen, class I, G (sHLA-G) antigen is a non-classical class I molecule that has been widely considered as a marker of pregnancy failure or implantation success. In the current study of some Iranian patients, we examined the concentration of sHLA-G at different time points after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and compared the rates to the morphology and quality of the selected embryos. We showed that the concentration of sHLA-G increases over time in high-quality embryos. We conclude that there is a positive relationship between morphology, quality, and sHLA-G concentration. We suggest that this relationship can be used to increase the chance of a successful pregnancy.
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114
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Boukouaci W, Busson M, Fortier C, Amokrane K, de Latour RP, Robin M, Krishnamoorthy R, Toubert A, Charron D, Socié G, Tamouza R. Association of HLA-G low expressor genotype with severe acute graft-versus-host disease after sibling bone marrow transplantation. Front Immunol 2011; 2:74. [PMID: 22566863 PMCID: PMC3342264 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) molecules play a prominent role in immune tolerance. Structurally similar to their classical HLA homologs, they are distinct by having high rate of polymorphism in the non-coding regions including a functionally relevant 14-base pair (bp) insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) allele in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), rarely examined in a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) setting. Here, we analyzed the potential impact of HLA-G Ins/Del dimorphism on the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), transplant-related mortality (TRM), overall survival (OS), and incidence of relapse after HSCT using bone marrow (BM) as stem cell source from HLA-matched donors. Methods: One hundred fifty-seven sibling pairs, who had undergone HSCT, were studied for the distribution of the HLA-G 14 bp Ins/Del polymorphism using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique. Potential genetic association with the incidence of aGvHD, TRM, and OS was analyzed by monovariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Monovariate analysis showed that the homozygous state for the 14-bp Ins allele is a risk factor for severe aGvHD (grade III and IV; P = 0.008), confirmed subsequently by multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.3–9.5; P = 0.012]. We did not find any association between HLA-G polymorphism and the other studied complications. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the HLA-G low expressor 14 bp Ins allele constitutes a risk factor for the incidence of severe aGvHD in patients who received BM as stem cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahid Boukouaci
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité and INSERM, UMRS 940, Hôpital Saint-Louis Paris, France
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115
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Almasood A, Sheshgiri R, Joseph JM, Rao V, Kamali M, Tumiati L, Ross HJ, Delgado DH. Human leukocyte antigen–G is upregulated in heart failure patients: A potential novel biomarker. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:1064-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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116
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Guo Q, Chen B, Ruan Y, Lin A, Yan W. HLA-G expression is irrelevant to prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2011; 35:1350-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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117
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Lin A, Zhang X, Xu HH, Xu DP, Ruan YY, Yan WH. HLA-G expression is associated with metastasis and poor survival in the Balb/c nu/nu murine tumor model with ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer 2011; 131:150-7. [PMID: 21858813 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant HLA-G expression is associated with tumor invasiveness and poor clinical prognosis; however, there is a lack of preclinical animal model to address whether HLA-G plays a causal role in the unfavorable prognosis of malignancies. In the current study, ovarian carcinoma cell lines (HO-8910 and Ovcar-3) were transfected with HLA-G gene. HLA-G expression was analyzed with western blot and flow cytometry. Transwell experiment was performed to analyze the cell migration and invasion capability and/or multicellular spheroid formation was investigated with the 3D culture assay in vitro. The effects of HLA-G expression for tumor cell organ metastasis and for mouse survival was analyzed with the Balb/c nu/nu mouse model. Our data showed that HO-8910-G and Ovcar-3-G cells are of higher invasion potential compared with the parental HO-8910 and Ovcar-3 cells. Multicellular spheroid formation exists only in HO-8910-G cells in a 3D culture assay. In Balb/c nu/nu mouse model, widespread metastasis was observed in mice xenografted with HO-8910-G cells, but not in the group with parental cells. Mouse survival was dramatically decreased in HO-8910-G and Ovcar-3-G xenografted mice than that with HO-8910 and Ovcar-3 cells, respectively. In summary, our study provided the first evidence that HLA-G expression is associated with tumor metastasis and with poor survival in an animal model with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifen Lin
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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118
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Lymphocyte cell-cycle inhibition by HLA-G is mediated by phosphatase SHP-2 and acts on the mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22776. [PMID: 21887223 PMCID: PMC3160837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is involved in regulating T-cell responses through its interaction with inhibitory receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin-like transcript family (ILT). In this context, we investigated the pathways involved in the control of cell-cycle entry of T cells following HLA-G interaction with its inhibitory receptor. We show that HLA-G acts through its interaction with the LILRB1 receptor expressed on T lymphocytes. Both HLA-G and LILRB1 antibodies block the inhibitory effect of HLA-G and restore T-cell proliferation. The interaction of HLA-G with T lymphocytes is associated with phosphorylation of SHP-2 phosphatase, but not SHP-1. In addition, in activated T cells, their incubation with HLA-G is not associated with a decrease in the TCR or CD28 downstream pathways, but is associated with dephosphorylation of the mTOR molecule and p70S6K. In contrast, Akt, which acts upstream of mTOR, is not affected by HLA-G. The inhibition of SHP-2 by NSC-87877(5 µM), a chemical inhibitor of SHP-2, or the use of siRNA, abrogates dephosphorylation of mTOR and impairs the overexpression of p27kip in the presence of HLA-G. Together, these results indicate that HLA-G is associated with activation of phosphatase SHP-2, which inhibits the mTOR pathway and favors the inhibition of the cell-cycle entry of human-activated T cells.
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119
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Yan WH. Human leukocyte antigen-G in cancer: are they clinically relevant? Cancer Lett 2011; 311:123-30. [PMID: 21843913 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The immunotolerant human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G has direct inhibitory effects on natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DC), T cells and can induce tolerant regulatory cells. The expression of HLA-G has been correlated with the tolerance of the fetus, the acceptance of organ transplants, and the immune escape of tumor cells and virus-infected cells. In the context of malignancies, aberrant induction of HLA-G expression has been extensively investigated and its clinical relevance has been postulated. We here focus on the HLA-G expression in malignancies and its relevance to tumor cell immune escaping and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Yan
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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120
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Plasma soluble human leukocyte antigen-G expression is a potential clinical biomarker in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:1068-73. [PMID: 21762747 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The significance of upregulated soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) expression under various pathologic conditions has been discussed. In this study, we evaluated the potential significance of plasma sHLA-G expression in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The study included 90 acute hepatitis B patients (AHB), 131 chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB), 152 resolved hepatitis B individuals (RHB), and 129 normal controls. sHLA-G were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the feasibility of plasma sHLA-G as a biomarker for distinguishing patients with HBV infection. sHLA-G levels in AHB (median, 193.1 U/mL; p < 0.001), CHB (median, 324.6 U/mL; p < 0.001), and RHB (median, 14.8 U/mL; p = 0.006) patients was much higher than that in normal controls (median, 9.0 U/mL). A significant difference for sHLA-G levels was also observed between patients with HBV infection (AHB vs CHB, AHB vs RHB, and CHB vs RHB; all p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for sHLA-G levels was 1.000 (p < 0.001) for AHB, 0.993 (p < 0.001) for CHB, and 0.604 (p = 0.003) for RHB patients versus normal controls, respectively. Data also indicated that the percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells and HLA-G(+)CD14(+) monocytes was significantly increased in AHB and CHB patients compared with normal controls (all p < 0.001). Our findings indicated that induction of HLA-G expression may play a role in HBV immune evasion and sHLA-G levels could be a useful biomarker in HBV infection.
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121
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Vargas RG, Sarturi PR, Mattar SB, Bompeixe EP, Silva JDS, Pirri A, da Graça Bicalho M. Association of HLA-G alleles and 3′ UTR 14 bp haplotypes with recurrent miscarriage in Brazilian couples. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:479-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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122
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Role of HLA-G in tumor escape through expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and cytokinic balance in favor of Th2 versus Th1/Th17. Blood 2011; 117:7021-31. [PMID: 21482709 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-07-294389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of HLA-G by malignant cells has been proposed as a tumor escape mechanism from immunosurveillance. However, although the inhibitory effect of HLA-G on antitumoral immune effectors has been documented in vitro, it remains to be resolved in vivo. In this context, the development of an animal model is now a priority to establish the proof of concept that an HLA-G(+) tumor cell develops and tolerizes the host antitumor immune response in vivo. In the present study, we provide the first in vivo evidence of such a role by a xenotumor model in mice based on the interactions between human HLA-G and the murine paired immunoglobulin-like receptor-B (PIR-B). We demonstrate that human tumor cells expressing HLA-G grow in an immunocompetent host by affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Expansion of blood myeloid-derived CD11b(+)Gr1(+)PIR-B(+) suppressor cells, loss of peripheral T cells, and cytokinic balance in favor of Th2 versus Th1/Th17 constitute the main mechanisms by which HLA-G promotes tumor expansion. These data demonstrate for the first time that HLA-G plays a crucial role in in vivo tumor evasion. Finally, blocking HLA-G function by a specific Ab inhibits the in vivo development of the tumor, offering a new innovative therapeutic strategy in cancer.
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123
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Akhter A, Das V, Naik S, Faridi RM, Pandey A, Agrawal S. Upregulation of HLA-G in JEG-3 cells by dexamethasone and hydrocortisone. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 285:7-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-011-1880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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124
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Weng PJ, Fu YM, Ding SX, Xu DP, Lin A, Yan WH. Elevation of plasma soluble human leukocyte antigen-G in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:406-11. [PMID: 21377504 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The subversion of immune responses that hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses to escape immune surveillance and to establish persistent infection has been poorly understood. The immune-suppressive molecule human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) has been supposed to play important roles in viral infection. In the current study, HCV genotype was analyzed in 67 chronic HCV-infected (CHC) patients. Plasma soluble sHLA-G (including sHLA-G1 and HLA-G5), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels were determined in these CHC patients and in healthy subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the sHLA-G isoforms present in plasma were determined by Western blot. Data showed that HCV 1b was the predominant genotype, with a prevalence of 64.2%. sHLA-G was dramatically increased in CHC patients (median: 85.54 U/ml, range: 19.40-204.07) over that in normal controls (median: 9.13 U/ml, range: 5.07-69.56) (p < 0.001). Western blotting revealed that plasma sHLA-G was derived from sHLA-G1 and HLA-G5. IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were also significant higher in CHC patients than in normal controls (median: 16.3 pg/ml vs 1.8 pg/ml, p < 0.001, and 1025.3 pg/ml vs 858.3 pg/ml, p = 0.03, respectively). No significant association was observed for the HCV genotype and viral RNA load with the levels of sHLA-G, IL-10, and IFN-γ in CHC patients. These results indicate that elevation of sHLA-G expression in HCV patients was independent of viral genotype and viral RNA load. Given its immunotolerant property, an increase in sHLA-G may play a role in the persistency of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Jian Weng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Liver Diseases Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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125
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Cecati M, Giannubilo SR, Emanuelli M, Tranquilli AL, Saccucci F. HLA-G and pregnancy adverse outcomes. Med Hypotheses 2011; 76:782-4. [PMID: 21376476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), IUGR, and premature birth could be associated with abnormal immunologic interactions at the fetal-maternal interface. The restricted expression of HLA-G to the subpopulation of trophoblast cells which invade the uterus has generated much interest. The alternative splicing of HLA-G primary transcript, gives origin to seven isoforms, including both membrane-bound forms (HLA-G1, G2, G3, G4) and soluble forms (sHLA-G: sHLA-G5, G6, G7). sHLA-G consists predominantly of sHLA-G1 after its shedding by metalloproteinases, and secreted sHLA-G5 representing the quantitatively dominating and full-length isoforms. HLA-G expression and HLA-G genetic variations in both the mother and the embryo/fetus may be important for pregnancy outcome. It is also intuitively apparent that a gene with putative immunosuppressive and immunotolerant potential might be functional in both the mother and the embryo/fetus/placenta. Reduced or aberrant HLA-G expression seems to be associated with certain complications of pregnancy, among which preeclampsia and possibly the risk of miscarriage, and that this may be further linked to HLA-G polymorphisms. Most of the studies aimed at assessing the role of HLA-G in pregnant diseases have considered only the maternal genotype and ignored the contribution of the fetus. In this regard, the mother, placenta and the fetus form a synthesis. Therefore, studies on placental diseases should address HLA-G expression and genetic variations also to the fetus/placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Cecati
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biologia e Genetica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Ranieri 65, Ancona 60131, Italy.
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126
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Lin A, Zhang X, Zhou WJ, Ruan YY, Xu DP, Wang Q, Yan WH. Human leukocyte antigen-G expression is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2011; 129:1382-90. [PMID: 21128238 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G inhibits functions of immune component cells and promotes malignant cells evading from antitumor immunity. We investigated the clinical relevance of HLA-G expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In our study, HLA-G expression in 79 primary ESCC lesions and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in plasma was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 41 ESCC patients (including 19 case-matched lesions and plasma samples) and in 153 normal healthy controls. HLA-G expression was observed in 65.8% (52/79) of the ESCC lesions but not in adjacent normal esophageal tissues. HLA-G expression was more frequently observed in patients with advanced disease stage (III/IV vs. I/II, p = 0.01). Patients with HLA-G expression had a significantly worse survival, and HLA-G could be an independent prognostic factor. sHLA-G levels in plasma were significantly increased in patients compared to normal controls (median: 152.4 U/ml vs. 8.9 U/ml, p < 0.001). The area under receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for sHLA-G in plasma was 0.992. However, no significant correlation was found between sHLA-G in plasma and clinical parameters studied. In conclusion, our findings indicated that HLA-G expression in ESCC is associated with poor survival and could be a prognostic indicator. Furthermore, increased levels of sHLA-G in plasma might be a useful preoperative biomarker for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifen Lin
- Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
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127
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Lin A, Zhu CC, Chen HX, Chen BF, Zhang X, Zhang JG, Wang Q, Zhou WJ, Hu W, Yang HH, Xu HH, Yan WH. Clinical relevance and functional implications for human leucocyte antigen-g expression in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2318-29. [PMID: 19602033 PMCID: PMC3822572 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G has been documented both in establishment of anti-tumour immune responses and in tumour evasion. To investigate the clinical relevance of HLA-G in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), expression status and potential significance of HLA-G in NSCLC were analysed. In this study, HLA-G expression in 101 NSCLC primary lesions and plasma soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) from 91 patients were analysed with immunohistochemistry and ELISA, respectively. Correlations between HLA-G status and various clinical parameters including survival time were evaluated. Meanwhile, functional analysis of transfected cell surface HLA-G expression and plasma sHLA-G form NSCLC patients on natural killer (NK) cell cytolysis were performed. Data revealed that HLA-G was expressed in 41.6% (42/101) NSCLC primary lesions, while undetectable in adjacent normal lung tissues. HLA-G expression in NSCLC lesions was strongly correlated to disease stages (P= 0.002). Plasma sHLA-G from NSCLC patients was markedly higher than that in normal controls (P= 0.004), which was significantly associated with the disease stages (I versus IV, P= 0.025; II versus IV, P= 0.029). Patient plasma sHLA-G level (≥median, 32.0 U/ml) had a significantly shorter survival time (P= 0.044); however, no similar significance was observed for the lesion HLA-G expression. In vitro data showed that both cell surface HLA-G and patient plasma sHLA-G could dramatically decrease the NK cell cytolysis. Our findings indicated that both lesion HLA-G expression and plasma sHLA-G in NSCLC is related to the disease stage and can exert immunosuppression to the NK cell cytolysis, indicating that HLA-G could be a potential therapeutic target. Moreover, plasma sHLA-G in NSCLC patients could be used as a prognosis factor for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lin
- Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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128
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Fainardi E, Castellazzi M, Stignani M, Morandi F, Sana G, Gonzalez R, Pistoia V, Baricordi OR, Sokal E, Peña J. Emerging topics and new perspectives on HLA-G. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:433-51. [PMID: 21080027 PMCID: PMC11114687 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following the Fifth International Conference on non-classical HLA-G antigens (HLA-G), held in Paris in July 2009, we selected some topics which focus on emerging aspects in the setting of HLA-G functions. In particular, HLA-G molecules could play a role in: (1) various inflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, gastrointestinal, skin and rheumatic diseases, and asthma, where they may act as immunoregulatory factors; (2) the mechanisms to escape immune surveillance utilized by several viruses, such as human cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 1, rabies virus, hepatitis C virus, influenza virus type A and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1); and (3) cytokine/chemokine network and stem cell transplantation, since they seem to modulate cell migration by the downregulation of chemokine receptor expression and mesenchymal stem cell activity blocking of effector cell functions and the generation of regulatory T cells. However, the immunomodulatory circuits mediated by HLA-G proteins still remain to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Corso della Giovecca 203, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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129
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Rizzo R, Vercammen M, van de Velde H, Horn PA, Rebmann V. The importance of HLA-G expression in embryos, trophoblast cells, and embryonic stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:341-52. [PMID: 21080028 PMCID: PMC11114702 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The nonclassical HLA-G molecule is a trophoblast-specific molecule present in almost every pregnancy. It differs from classical HLA class I molecules by the low degree of allelic variants and the high diversity of protein structures. HLA-G is reported to be a tolerogenic molecule that acts on cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. At the maternal-fetal interface HLA-G seems to be responsible largely for the reprogramming of local maternal immune response. This review will focus on the HLA-G gene expression profile in pregnancy, in preimplantation embryos, and in human embryonic stem cells with emphasis on the structural diversity of the HLA-G protein and its potential functional and diagnostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martine Vercammen
- Department of Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hilde van de Velde
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Virchowstr. 179, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Virchowstr. 179, 45122 Essen, Germany
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130
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Carosella ED, Gregori S, Rouas-Freiss N, LeMaoult J, Menier C, Favier B. The role of HLA-G in immunity and hematopoiesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:353-68. [PMID: 21116680 PMCID: PMC11114977 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G was initially shown to play a major role in feto-maternal tolerance. Since this discovery, it has been established that HLA-G is a tolerogenic molecule which participates to the control of the immune response. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on (1) the multiple structures of HLA-G, which are closely associated with their role in the inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity, (2) the factors that regulate the expression of HLA-G and its receptors, (3) the mechanism of action of HLA-G at the immunological synapse and through trogocytosis, and (4) the generation of suppressive cells through HLA-G. Moreover, we also review recent findings on the non-immunological functions of HLA-G in erythropoiesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo D Carosella
- CEA, I2BM, Service de Recherches en Hemato-Immunologie, 75475 Paris, France.
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131
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Dahl M, Hviid TVF. Human leucocyte antigen class Ib molecules in pregnancy success and early pregnancy loss. Hum Reprod Update 2011; 18:92-109. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmr043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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132
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Donadi EA, Castelli EC, Arnaiz-Villena A, Roger M, Rey D, Moreau P. Implications of the polymorphism of HLA-G on its function, regulation, evolution and disease association. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 68:369-95. [PMID: 21107637 PMCID: PMC3021195 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The HLA-G gene displays several peculiarities that are distinct from those of classical HLA class I genes. The unique structure of the HLA-G molecule permits a restricted peptide presentation and allows the modulation of the cells of the immune system. Although polymorphic sites may potentially influence all biological functions of HLA-G, those present at the promoter and 3′ untranslated regions have been particularly studied in experimental and pathological conditions. The relatively low polymorphism observed in the MHC-G coding region both in humans and apes may represent a strong selective pressure for invariance, whereas, in regulatory regions several lines of evidence support the role of balancing selection. Since HLA-G has immunomodulatory properties, the understanding of gene regulation and the role of polymorphic sites on gene function may permit an individualized approach for the future use of HLA-G for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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133
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Expression of soluble HLA-G identifies favorable outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 2010; 90:1000-5. [PMID: 20814356 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181f546af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G displays immunotolerogenic properties toward the main effector cells involved in graft rejection through inhibition of natural killer cell- and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis, and CD4 T-cell alloproliferation. An increase in serum and graft levels of HLA-G has been noted in transplant patients with improved allograft survival. However, the clinical relevance of soluble serum HLA-G molecules in tolerant pediatric and young adult liver transplant patients remains to be studied. METHODS We examined the serum HLA-G levels in 42 pediatric and young adult liver transplant patients with a mean age of 15 years; 13 patients had operational tolerance (TOL), with complete immunosuppression withdrawal for 2.3 to 13.2 years. RESULTS Median HLA-G level in patients with acute rejection (AR) was similar to the level in pediatric healthy volunteers (9.9 vs. 4.2 U/mL, P=0.13). HLA-G was higher in patients with stable liver function on immunosuppression (54.6 U/mL) than in patients with AR (P=0.01) and healthy volunteers (P=0.003), but almost 6-fold lower than in TOL patients (325.4 U/mL). HLA-G did not correlate with clinical confounders or a history of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease or Epstein-Barr virus; although levels in the TOL group were negatively correlated with time after immunosuppression withdrawal (r=-0.75, P=0.003). In rejectors, HLA-G levels trended to negatively correlate with a higher number (r=-0.58) and greater severity of AR episodes (r=-0.56) after 1 year posttransplantation. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum HLA-G levels track with operational tolerance of liver grafts and support favorable outcomes in pediatric and young adult recipients.
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134
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Chen HX, Chen BG, Shi WW, Zhen R, Xu DP, Lin A, Yan WH. Induction of cell surface human leukocyte antigen-G expression in pandemic H1N1 2009 and seasonal H1N1 influenza virus-infected patients. Hum Immunol 2010; 72:159-65. [PMID: 21087648 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel H1N1 virus of swine origin (H1N1v) recently caused a pandemic; however, knowledge of immunologic aspects of the virus infection are limited. Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) was speculated to play critical roles in viral infection, although its clinical relevance in H1N1 infection remains unknown. In this study, HLA-G expression in peripheral T lymphocytes, monocytes, and CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells (in 50 H1N1v-infected and 41 seasonal H1N1-infected patients and 27 control subjects) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma-soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G, in 28 H1N1v-infected, 29 seasonal H1N1-infected patients and 85 control subjects) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentage of HLA-G-positive T lymphocytes and monocytes among patients with H1N1v and seasonal H1N1 infections was dramatically increased compared with controls (all p < 0.001). Treg was markedly increased among H1N1v- infected patients compared with normal controls (p = 0.041), but not for the seasonal H1N1-infected patients. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed for sHLA-G levels between the groups. Together, cell surface HLA-G expression was markedly induced in H1N1v-infected and seasonal H1N1-infected patients, and increased Treg was observed only in H1N1v-infected patients. Given its immune-suppressive property, elevated cell surface HLA-G expression may help to explain the virus escaping from host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xiao Chen
- Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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135
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Cervera I, Herraiz MA, Peñaloza J, Barbolla ML, Jurado ML, Macedo J, Vidart JA, Martinez-Laso J. Human leukocyte antigen–G allele polymorphisms have evolved following three different evolutionary lineages based on intron sequences. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:1109-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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136
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Lin A, Chen HX, Zhu CC, Zhang X, Xu HH, Zhang JG, Wang Q, Zhou WJ, Yan WH. Aberrant human leucocyte antigen-G expression and its clinical relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 14:2162-71. [PMID: 19799650 PMCID: PMC3823007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical relevance of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) has been postulated in malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to cancer incidence and mortality worldwide; however, potential roles of HLA-G in HCC remain unknown. In the current study, HLA-G expression in 219 primary HCC lesions and their adjacent non-tumourous samples was analysed with immunohistochemistry. Correlations among HLA-G expression and various clinical parameters were evaluated. Meanwhile, functional analysis of transfected cell surface HLA-G expression on NK cell cytolysis was performed in vitro. HLA-G expression was observed in 50.2% (110/219) of primary HCC lesions, and undetectable in corresponding adjacent normal liver tissues. HLA-G expression was found in 37.8%, 41.9% and 71.4% of stage I, II and III HCC lesions, respectively. Data revealed that HLA-G expression in HCC was strongly correlated to advanced disease stage (I versus II, P= 0.882; I versus III, P= 0.020; II versus III, P= 0.037). HLA-G expression was also more frequently observed in elder patients (≥median 52 years, 57.5%versus 43.4%, P= 0.004). Meanwhile, plasma soluble HLA-G in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls (median, 92.49U/ml versus 9.29U/ml, P= 0.000). Functional assay showed that HLA-G expression in transfected cells could dramatically decrease the NK cell cytolysis (P= 0.036), which could be markedly restored by the blockade of HLA-G (P= 0.004) and its receptor ILT2 (P= 0.019). Our finding indicated that HLA-G expression was strongly correlated to advanced disease stage, and more frequently observed in elder patients. Its relevance to HCC progression might be result from the inhibition of NK cell cytolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lin
- Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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137
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Cardili RN, Alves TG, Freitas JCOC, Soares CP, Mendes-Junior CT, Soares EG, Donadi EA, Silva-Souza C. Expression of human leucocyte antigen-G primarily targets affected skin of patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:769-75. [PMID: 20560954 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nonclassical human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G molecule has been well recognized as a tolerogenic molecule and few studies have evaluated the role of the molecule in inflammatory cutaneous autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression of HLA-G in skin specimens of patients with psoriasis and to analyse its correlation with epidemiological and clinical variables. METHODS Thirty untreated patients with psoriasis and 32 healthy individuals were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was applied to identify HLA-G expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cutaneous skin biopsies. RESULTS Soluble and membrane-bound HLA-G expression was detected in 30 (90%) of the skin specimens from patients presenting clinical and histopathological features of psoriasis. Although infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells of the dermis exhibited HLA-G expression, the epidermis was primarily targeted. HLA-G expression was also observed in 27% (three of 11) of the specimens that exhibited no clinical and histopathological features of psoriasis (nonaffected areas). In contrast, skin specimens obtained from healthy individuals exhibited no HLA-G expression (P < 0·0001). The intensity of HLA-G expression was not associated with type I/II psoriasis, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score or clinical forms. CONCLUSIONS As the HLA-G molecule was consistently expressed in affected and, to a lesser extent, in nonaffected areas of untreated patients with psoriasis, irrespective of the severity of the clinical variants, one may hypothesize that the presence of HLA-G may be responsible, at least in part, for the regulation of autoimmune effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Cardili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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138
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Gan LH, Huang LF, Zhang X, Lin A, Xu DP, Wang Q, Wang TJ, Yan WH. Tumor-specific upregulation of human leukocyte antigen–G expression in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:899-904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2009] [Revised: 06/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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139
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Upregulation of human leukocyte antigen–G expression and its clinical significance in ductal breast cancer. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:892-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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140
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Abstract
We analyzed HLA-G 3777G > C, HLA-G 14 bp deletion/insertion and HLA-G*0105N polymorphisms in HIV-positive white adult participants, infected through horizontal heterosexual transmission, and unexposed uninfected individuals, all from north eastern Italy. We report a new association between the HLA-G*0105N allele and HIV infection in adult white female participants, being HLA-G*0105N null allele correlated with an augmented risk (odds ratio = 4.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.38-18.07, P = 0.005) for HIV infection.
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141
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Zheng XQ, Li CC, Xu DP, Lin A, Bao WG, Yang GS, Yan WH. Analysis of the plasma soluble human leukocyte antigen-G and interleukin-10 levels in childhood atopic asthma. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:982-7. [PMID: 20600443 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) has been hypothesized to be associated with the pathogenesis of asthma; however, results remain controversial. Furthermore, HLA-G expression could be modulated by the HLA-G 14-bp insertion (+)/deletion (-) polymorphism and by interleukin-10. In this study, the 14-bp polymorphism in exon 8 of the HLA-G gene, plasma soluble HLA-G, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in untreated atopic asthmatic children, and in a group of age-, gender-, and ethnicity-matched normal controls were analyzed. Data showed that HLA-G 14-bp +/- polymorphism was not significant difference between the asthmatic patients and normal controls. Plasma soluble human leukocyte antigen (sHLA)-G in atopic asthma patients (n = 72; median, 179.28 U/ml) was dramatically higher compared with that of the normal controls (n = 76; median, 35.23 U/ml; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve for sHLA-G was 0.986 (p < 0.001) in atopic asthma patients versus normal controls. IL-10 levels in the asthmatic children (n = 50; median, 5.02 pg/ml) was significantly lower than that of the normal controls (n = 48; median, 12.82 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Both HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism and IL-10 levels were unrelated to plasma sHLA-G concentration in both groups. Our findings indicated that the HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism was not a risk factor, but that sHLA-G might be considered as a biomarker for the atopic asthmatic patients. Dramatically increased sHLA-G with decreased IL-10 levels may have implications in the pathogenesis of atopic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qun Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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142
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Rebmann V, Switala M, Eue I, Grosse-Wilde H. Soluble HLA-G is an independent factor for the prediction of pregnancy outcome after ART: a German multi-centre study. Hum Reprod 2010; 25:1691-8. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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143
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Jalel A, Ridha A, Laurent D, Philippe M, Hamdaoui MH. Impact of HLA-G in the outcome of vitiligo in Tunisian patients. Indian J Dermatol 2010; 55:25-8. [PMID: 20418972 PMCID: PMC2856368 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.60346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in the skin coordinates the pigmentation and immune response and could be implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Human leukocyte antigen HLA-G is a nonclassic, major histocompatibility complex class I molecule expressed in the extravillous cytotrophoblast at the feto-maternal interface. It is known to protect the fetus from maternal cellular immunity. Analogically, it could be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as vitiligo. Aims: To compare the expression of HLA-G between vitiligo patients and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 22 vitiligo patients and 24 healthy controls were investigated to look for a possible correlation between HLA-G expression and this pathology. Expression of HLA-G in cutaneous biopsy specimens was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. Results: HLA-G was detected in the biopsy specimens of 3 (13%) out of 22 patients. This number was significantly higher in healthy controls 18 (75%) out of 24 as compared to vitiligo patients (P < 0.001). Conclusion: There is significant negative correlation between HLA-G expression and vitiligo. In our mind, upregulation of HLA-G expression in lesional skin could be local (superficial expression) or systemic (soluble HLA-G isoforms) compensation to restore normal pigmentation in lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akrem Jalel
- Research Unit on the Antioxidant Compounds, Oxidative Stress, Trace Elements and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé de Tunis, Tunisia.
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144
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Schütt P, Schütt B, Switala M, Bauer S, Stamatis G, Opalka B, Eberhardt W, Schuler M, Horn PA, Rebmann V. Prognostic relevance of soluble human leukocyte antigen-G and total human leukocyte antigen class I molecules in lung cancer patients. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:489-95. [PMID: 20156510 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of soluble human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I (sHLA-I) and HLA-G molecules in lung cancer patients. A total of 23 small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 114 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, including 55 adenocarcinoma, 46 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 13 patients with undifferentiated carcinoma, were prospectively enrolled. Levels of sHLA-G and sHLA-I were analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Median levels of sHLA-G and sHLA-I were significantly increased in patients compared with controls (34 ng/ml [3.6-160] vs 14 ng/ml [0-98], p < 0.0001; 2580 ng/ml [749-5770] vs 1370 ng/ml [274-2670], p < 0.0001, respectively). Regarding the different subgroups, patients with NSCLC or SCLC showed increased sHLA-I levels, whereas sHLA-G was exclusively elevated in NSCLC, especially in patients with SCC. Patients with sHLA-I<2800 ng/ml (p = 0.008) or sHLA-G<40 ng/ml (p = 0.073) showed prolonged overall survival (OS). Using these cut-offs in patients with SCC, a pronounced prognostic significance for sHLA-G (p = 0.003) and sHLA-I (p = 0.004) was observed for the prediction of OS. Here, multivariate analysis confirmed sHLA-G and sHLA-I in addition to disease stage as independent prognostic factors. The prognostic power was further enhanced by combining the two factors and comparing the OS of patients with low sHLA-I and low sHLA-G against the remaining ones. In conclusion, plasma levels of sHLA-G and sHLA-I are potent predictors for OS in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schütt
- Department of Medicine (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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145
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146
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Flajollet S, Poras I, Carosella ED, Moreau P. RREB-1 is a transcriptional repressor of HLA-G. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:6948-59. [PMID: 19890057 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The nonclassical HLA-G is a molecule specifically involved in immune tolerance with highly restricted tissue distribution in healthy conditions. Yet it is overexpressed in numerous tumors and in allografts with better acceptance. Major mechanisms involved in regulation of HLA-G transcription are still poorly described. Thus, to characterize these mechanisms we have developed a specific proteomic approach to identify proteins that bind differentially to the HLA-G gene promoter by promoter pull-down assay followed by spectrometry mass analysis. Among specific binding factors, we focused on RREB-1, a ras-responsive element binding protein 1. We demonstrated that RREB-1 represses HLA-G transcriptional activity and binds three ras response elements within the HLA-G promoter. RREB-1 protein, specifically in HLA-G-negative cells, interacts with subunits of CtBP complex implicated in chromatin remodeling. This demonstration is the first of a repressor factor of HLA-G transcriptional activity taking part in HLA-G repression by epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Flajollet
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, IBM, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
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147
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Sheshgiri R, Gustafsson F, Sheedy J, Rao V, Ross HJ, Delgado DH. Everolimus But Not Mycophenolate Mofetil Therapy Is Associated With Soluble HLA-G Expression in Heart Transplant Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28:1193-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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148
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Li BL, Lin A, Zhang XJ, Zhang X, Zhang JG, Wang Q, Zhou WJ, Chen HX, Wang TJ, Yan WH. Characterization of HLA-G expression in renal cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 74:213-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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149
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Zheng XQ, Zhu F, Shi WW, Lin A, Yan WH. The HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism is a putative susceptible factor for active human cytomegalovirus infection in children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 74:317-21. [PMID: 19624485 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression is a potential factor for the pathogenesis of virus infection. A 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs16375) in the 3'-untranslated region of the HLA-G gene is involved in the stability of HLA-G mRNA and HLA-G protein expression. Therefore, the HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism might be involved in human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection. To test a possible association between the HLA-G 14 bp deletion/insertion polymorphism and the active hCMV infection, in this study, a total of 54 patients with active hCMV infection and 165 age- and sex-matched, unrelated, normal Chinese Han population were genotyped for the 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism. Association of 14 bp polymorphism with hCMV urine DNA copies and the odds ratio (OR) of the polymorphism as a risk factor for active hCMV infection were analyzed. Our results showed that the prevalence of -14 bp/ -14 bp genotype in active hCMV patients was markedly increased [P(c) = 0.00034, OR = 3.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.77-6.18], and similar significance was also observed for the frequency of -14 bp allele (P c = 0.0023, OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.38-3.64) when compared with that of healthy controls. Furthermore, urine hCMV DNA copies in patients with the -14 bp/ -14 bp genotype were significantly higher than those in patients with the +14 bp/ +14 bp genotype (P = 0.041). Our findings support a potential role of HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism as a susceptible factor for the active hCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Q Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
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150
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Abstract
Human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) plays a key role in maternal–foetal tolerance and allotransplantation acceptance and is also implicated in tumour escape from the immune system. The modulation of HLA-G expression can prove to be very important to therapeutic goals in some pregnancy complications, transplantation, cancer and possibly autoimmune diseases. In spite of substantial similarities with classical HLA-class I genes, HLA-G is characterized by a restricted tissue-specific expression in non-pathological situations. HLA-G expression is mainly controlled at the transcriptional level by a unique gene promoter when compared with classical HLA-class I genes, and at the post-transcriptional level including alternative splicing, mRNA stability, translation and protein transport to the cell surface. We focus on the characteristics of the HLA-G gene promoter and the factors which are involved in HLA-G transcriptional modulation. They take part in epigenetic mechanisms that control key functions of the HLA-G gene in the regulation of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Moreau
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, I2BM, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
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