101
|
Serna N, Falgàs A, García-León A, Unzueta U, Núñez Y, Sánchez-Chardi A, Martínez-Torró C, Mangues R, Vazquez E, Casanova I, Villaverde A. Time-Prolonged Release of Tumor-Targeted Protein-MMAE Nanoconjugates from Implantable Hybrid Materials. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010192. [PMID: 35057088 PMCID: PMC8777625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustained release of small, tumor-targeted cytotoxic drugs is an unmet need in cancer therapies, which usually rely on punctual administration regimens of non-targeted drugs. Here, we have developed a novel concept of protein–drug nanoconjugates, which are packaged as slow-releasing chemically hybrid depots and sustain a prolonged secretion of the therapeutic agent. For this, we covalently attached hydrophobic molecules (including the antitumoral drug Monomethyl Auristatin E) to a protein targeting a tumoral cell surface marker abundant in several human neoplasias, namely the cytokine receptor CXCR4. By this, a controlled aggregation of the complex is achieved, resulting in mechanically stable protein–drug microparticles. These materials, which are mimetics of bacterial inclusion bodies and of mammalian secretory granules, allow the slow leakage of fully functional conjugates at the nanoscale, both in vitro and in vivo. Upon subcutaneous administration in a mouse model of human CXCR4+ lymphoma, the protein–drug depots release nanoconjugates for at least 10 days, which accumulate in the tumor with a potent antitumoral effect. The modification of scaffold cell-targeted proteins by hydrophobic drug conjugation is then shown as a novel transversal platform for the design of slow releasing protein–drug depots, with potential application in a broad spectrum of clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annabel García-León
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yáiza Núñez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Servei de Microscòpia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Torró
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vazquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Isolda Casanova
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (A.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Sharma S, Bora RS, Saini KS, Arya R. Optimizing Chaperone Removal Strategy from Overexpressed Recombinant Proteins : GNE, a Case Study. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2406:339-358. [PMID: 35089567 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1859-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, numerous innovative advances, strategies and protocols have been developed and optimized to improve the quality and quantity of soluble recombinant protein production in E. coli. One of the major challenges being the coelution of chaperone proteins along with desired recombinant protein of interest. The removal of chaperones is important for protein yield, structural determination, optimal activity, and desired function of the recombinant protein. In this chapter, we outline various strategies for removal of chaperone contaminants from oligomeric proteins, with the ultimate objective of ameliorating the quality and proper folding of recombinant proteins. We have discussed in detail the purification and expression of full-length protein, GNE (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/ N-acetylmannosamine kinase), as a case study for chaperone removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Roop Singh Bora
- Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kulvinder Singh Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Ranjana Arya
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Generation of a transducible version of a bioactive recombinant human TBX5 transcription factor from E. Coli. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
104
|
Asensio T, Dian C, Boyer JB, Rivière F, Meinnel T, Giglione C. A Continuous Assay Set to Screen and Characterize Novel Protein N-Acetyltransferases Unveils Rice General Control Non-repressible 5-Related N-Acetyltransferase2 Activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:832144. [PMID: 35273627 PMCID: PMC8902505 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.832144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein N-acetyltransferases (NATs) belong to the general control non-repressible 5 (Gcn5)-related N-acetyltransferases (GNATs) superfamily. GNATs catalyze the transfer of acetyl from acetyl-CoA to the reactive amine moiety of a wide range of acceptors. NAT sequences are difficult to distinguish from other members of the GNAT superfamily and there are many uncharacterized GNATs. To facilitate the discovery and characterization of new GNATs, we have developed a new continuous, non-radioactive assay. This assay is virtually independent of the substrate and can be used to get substrate specificity hints. We validated first the assay with the well-characterized Schizosaccharomyces pombe NatA (SpNatA). The SpNatA kinetic parameters were determined with various peptides confirming the robustness of the new assay. We reveal that the longer the peptide substrate the more efficient the enzyme. As a proof of concept of the relevance of the new assay, we characterized a NAA90 member from rice (Oryza sativa), OsGNAT2. We took advantage of an in vivo medium-scale characterization of OsGNAT2 specificity to identify and then validate in vitro several specific peptide substrates. With this assay, we reveal long-range synergic effects of basic residues on OsGNAT2 activity. Overall, this new, high-throughput assay allows better understanding of the substrate specificity and activity of any GNAT.
Collapse
|
105
|
Nishino H, Kitamura M, Okada S, Miyake R, Okumura M, Muraoka T. Cysteine-based protein folding modulators for trapping intermediates and misfolded forms. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26658-26664. [PMID: 36275147 PMCID: PMC9490518 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04044a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Folding is a key process to form functional conformations of proteins. Folding via on-pathway intermediates leads to the formation of native structures, while folding through off-pathways affords non-native and disease-causing forms. Trapping folding intermediates and misfolded forms is important for investigating folding mechanisms and disease-related biological properties of the misfolded proteins. We developed cysteine-containing dipeptides conjugated with amino acids possessing mono- and diamino-groups. In oxidative protein folding involving disulfide-bond formation, the addition of cysteine and oxidized glutathione readily promoted the folding to afford native forms. In contrast, despite the acceleration of disulfide-bond formation, non-native isomers formed in significantly increased yields upon the addition of the dipeptides. This study provides a molecular design of cysteine-based protein-folding modulators that afford proteins adopting non-native conformations through intermolecular disulfide-bond formation. Because of the intrinsic reversibility of the disulfide bonds upon redox reactions, the disulfide bond-based approach demonstrated here is expected to lead to the development of reversible methodologies for trapping transient and misfolded forms by intermolecular disulfide bond formation and restarting the folding processes of the trapped forms by subsequent cleavage of the intermolecular disulfide bonds. In this study, cysteine-containing dipeptides conjugated with amino acids possessing mono- and diamino-groups were developed as protein-folding modulators affording non-native forms through intermolecular disulfide-bond formation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Nishino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Mai Kitamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Okada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miyake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Masaki Okumura
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takahiro Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Kanagawa, 243-0435, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Li XX, Gorman DM, Lee JD, Clark RJ, Woodruff TM. Unexpected Off-Target Activities for Recombinant C5a in Human Macrophages. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:133-142. [PMID: 34853076 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The anaphylatoxin C5a is core effector of complement activation. C5a exerts potent proinflammatory and immunomodulatory actions through interacting with its C5a receptors, C5aR1 and C5aR2, modulating multiple signaling and functional activities of immune cells. Native C5a contains a large N-linked glycosylation site at Asn64, which accounts for up to 25% of its m.w. To date, the vast majority of published studies examining C5a are performed using Escherichia coli-generated recombinant C5a, which is readily available from numerous commercial suppliers, but lacks this glycosylation moiety. However, a plasma-purified "native" form of C5a is also commercially available. The different size and glycosylation of these two C5a versions could have functional implications. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare recombinant human C5a to purified plasma-derived human C5a in driving the signaling and functional activities of human primary macrophages. We found that both versions of C5a displayed similar potencies at triggering C5aR1- and C5aR2-mediated cell signaling, but elicited distinct functional responses in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. Multiple commercial sources of recombinant C5a, but not the plasma-purified or a synthetic C5a version, induced human monocyte-derived macrophages to produce IL-6 and IL-10 in a C5a receptor-independent manner, which was driven through Syk and NF-κB signaling and apparently not due to endotoxin contamination. Our results, therefore, offer caution against the sole use of recombinant human C5a, particularly in functional/cytokine assays conducted in human primary immune cells, and suggest studies using recombinant human C5a should be paired with C5aR1 inhibitors or purified/synthetic human C5a to confirm relevant findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xaria X Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Declan M Gorman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard J Clark
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Singhvi P, Saneja A, Ahuja R, Panda AK. Solubilization and refolding of variety of inclusion body proteins using a novel formulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:2352-2364. [PMID: 34798190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Formation of protein aggregates as inclusion bodies (IBs) still poses a major hurdle in the recovery of bioactive proteins from E. coli. Despite the development of many mild solubilization buffers in last two decades, high-throughput recovery of functional protein from wide range of IBs is still a challenge at an academic and industrial scale. Herein, a novel formulation for improved recovery of bioactive protein from variety of bacterial IBs is developed. This novel formulation is comprised of 20% trifluoroethanol, 20% n-propanol and 2 M urea at pH 12.5 which disrupts the major dominant forces involved in protein aggregation. An extensive comparative study of novel formulation conducted on different IBs demonstrates its high solubilization and refolding efficiency. The overall yield of bioactive protein from human growth hormone expressed as bacterial IBs is reported to be around 50%. This is attributed to the capability of novel formulation to disrupt the tertiary structure of the protein while protecting the secondary structure of the protein, thereby reducing the formation of soluble aggregates during refolding. Thus, the formulation can eliminate the need of screening and optimizing various solubilization formulation and will improve the efficiency of recovering bioactive protein from variety of IB aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyank Singhvi
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Ankit Saneja
- Formulation Laboratory, Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Ahuja
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Gamiz-Arco G, Risso VA, Gaucher EA, Gavira JA, Naganathan AN, Ibarra-Molero B, Sanchez-Ruiz JM. Combining Ancestral Reconstruction with Folding-Landscape Simulations to Engineer Heterologous Protein Expression. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167321. [PMID: 34687715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obligate symbionts typically exhibit high evolutionary rates. Consequently, their proteins may differ considerably from their modern and ancestral homologs in terms of both sequence and properties, thus providing excellent models to study protein evolution. Also, obligate symbionts are challenging to culture in the lab and proteins from uncultured organisms must be produced in heterologous hosts using recombinant DNA technology. Obligate symbionts thus replicate a fundamental scenario of metagenomics studies aimed at the functional characterization and biotechnological exploitation of proteins from the bacteria in soil. Here, we use the thioredoxin from Candidatus Photodesmus katoptron, an uncultured symbiont of flashlight fish, to explore evolutionary and engineering aspects of protein folding in heterologous hosts. The symbiont protein is a standard thioredoxin in terms of 3D-structure, stability and redox activity. However, its folding outside the original host is severely impaired, as shown by a very slow refolding in vitro and an inefficient expression in E. coli that leads mostly to insoluble protein. By contrast, resurrected Precambrian thioredoxins express efficiently in E. coli, plausibly reflecting an ancient adaptation to unassisted folding. We have used a statistical-mechanical model of the folding landscape to guide back-to-ancestor engineering of the symbiont protein. Remarkably, we find that the efficiency of heterologous expression correlates with the in vitro (i.e., unassisted) folding rate and that the ancestral expression efficiency can be achieved with only 1-2 back-to-ancestor replacements. These results demonstrate a minimal-perturbation, sequence-engineering approach to rescue inefficient heterologous expression which may potentially be useful in metagenomics efforts targeting recent adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gamiz-Arco
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Valeria A Risso
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Eric A Gaucher
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jose A Gavira
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalograficos, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, Armilla, Granada 18100, Spain. https://twitter.com/Gavirius
| | - Athi N Naganathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Beatriz Ibarra-Molero
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jose M Sanchez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Potentiation of the activity of Escherichia coli chaperone DnaJ by tailing hyper-acidic minipeptides. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:86-95. [PMID: 34563565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The chaperone network plays an essential role in cellular protein homeostasis. However, some core components often coaggregate with misfolded proteins for sequestration and dysfunction, leading to abnormal cell proteostasis, aggregation-associated disorders, and poor solubility of overexpressed recombinant proteins. Among them, DnaJ or its ortholog, an obligate co-chaperone in the tripartite DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE system, is of more implications, probably due to its intrinsic propensity for aggregation. Herein, we potentiated the activity of Escherichia coli DnaJ by using hyper-acidified protein fusion strategy. We found DnaJ did possess only a moderate solubility that could be remarkably improved by fusing hyper-acidic minipeptides. Most importantly, we revealed the hyper-acidified DnaJ with a fusion tail could outperform its native form (significantly up to 2.1-fold) to enhance the solubility of target proteins and meanwhile appropriately impart them an elevated activity. These results suggest the hyper-acidified DnaJs can chaperone target proteins with correct folding into a truly soluble and active form. Moreover, we showed these hyper-acidified DnaJ variants could surpass its prototype to confer E. coli or yeast an enhanced heat tolerance, and DnaJ itself could be solubilized by its hyper-acidified fusion cognates. Finally, we discussed the overall mechanism for DnaJ activity potentiation mediated by hyper-acidic tailing fusion.
Collapse
|
110
|
Taw MN, Li M, Kim D, Rocco MA, Waraho-Zhmayev D, DeLisa MP. Engineering a Supersecreting Strain of Escherichia coli by Directed Coevolution of the Multiprotein Tat Translocation Machinery. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2947-2958. [PMID: 34757717 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli remains one of the preferred hosts for biotechnological protein production due to its robust growth in culture and ease of genetic manipulation. It is often desirable to export recombinant proteins into the periplasmic space for reasons related to proper disulfide bond formation, prevention of aggregation and proteolytic degradation, and ease of purification. One such system for expressing heterologous secreted proteins is the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway, which has the unique advantage of delivering correctly folded proteins into the periplasm. However, transit times for proteins through the Tat translocase, comprised of the TatABC proteins, are much longer than for passage through the SecYEG pore, the translocase associated with the more widely utilized Sec pathway. To date, a high protein flux through the Tat pathway has yet to be demonstrated. To address this shortcoming, we employed a directed coevolution strategy to isolate mutant Tat translocases for their ability to deliver higher quantities of heterologous proteins into the periplasm. Three supersecreting translocases were selected that each exported a panel of recombinant proteins at levels that were significantly greater than those observed for wild-type TatABC or SecYEG translocases. Interestingly, all three of the evolved Tat translocases exhibited quality control suppression, suggesting that increased translocation flux was gained by relaxation of substrate proofreading. Overall, our discovery of more efficient translocase variants paves the way for the use of the Tat system as a powerful complement to the Sec pathway for secreted production of both commodity and high value-added proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May N. Taw
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mingji Li
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Daniel Kim
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mark A. Rocco
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 130 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Park YJ, Kim DM. Production of Recombinant Horseradish Peroxidase in an Engineered Cell-free Protein Synthesis System. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:778496. [PMID: 34778239 PMCID: PMC8579056 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.778496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main advantages of a cell-free synthesis system is that the synthetic machinery of cells can be modularized and re-assembled for desired purposes. In this study, we attempted to combine the translational activity of Escherichia coli extract with a heme synthesis pathway for the functional production of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). We first optimized the reaction conditions and the sequence of template DNA to enhance protein expression and folding. The reaction mixture was then supplemented with 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase to facilitate co-synthesis of the heme prosthetic group from glucose. Combining the different synthetic modules required for protein synthesis and cofactor generation led to successful production of functional HRP in a cell-free synthesis system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Pourhassan N Z, Smits SHJ, Ahn JH, Schmitt L. Biotechnological applications of type 1 secretion systems. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107864. [PMID: 34767962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved a diverse range of secretion systems to export different substrates across their cell envelope. Although secretion of proteins into the extracellular space could offer advantages for recombinant protein production, the low secretion titers of the secretion systems for some heterologous proteins remain a clear drawback of their utility at commercial scales. Therefore, a potential use of most of secretion systems as production platforms at large scales are still limited. To overcome this limitation, remarkable efforts have been made toward improving the secretion efficiency of different bacterial secretion systems in recent years. Here, we review the progress with respect to biotechnological applications of type I secretion system (T1SS) of Gram-negative bacteria. We will also focus on the applicability of T1SS for the secretion of heterologous proteins as well as vaccine development. Last but not least, we explore the employed engineering strategies that have enhanced the secretion efficiencies of T1SS. Attention is also paid to directed evolution approaches that may offer a more versatile approach to optimize secretion efficiency of T1SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Pourhassan N
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jung Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Korea Science Academy of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Busan 47162, South Korea
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Lee JW, Kwak S, Liu JJ, Yun EJ, Jin YS. 2'-Fucosyllactose production in engineered Escherichia coli with deletion of waaF and wcaJ and overexpression of FucT2. J Biotechnol 2021; 340:30-38. [PMID: 34450187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), a major oligosaccharide of human breast milk, and is currently supplemented into infant formula. For the overproduction of 2'-FL via fucosylation of lactose, conventional approaches have focused on the episomal overexpression of de novo or salvage GDP-L-fucose biosynthetic pathway and α-1,2-fucosyltransferase (FucT2) through T7 RNA polymerase expression system in engineered E. coli. However, these approaches have drawbacks of metabolic burden, plasmid instability, and inclusion body formation. In this study, a deletion mutant of waaF coding for ADP-heptose:LPS heptosyltransferase II was employed for 2'-FL production. As the waaF deletion induces accumulation of colanic acid, additional deletion of wcaJ coding for UDP-glucose-1-phosphate transferase in the waaF deletion mutant resulted in enhanced accumulation of GDP-L-fucose. Besides, 2'-FL yields and titers were drastically improved when T7 promoter was replaced with Trc promoter for α-1,2 fucosyltransferase expressions in the waaF and wcaJ deleted strain. As a result, when FucT2 was expressed under Trc promoter in the E. coli JM109(DE3) ΔwaaFΔwcaJ, 14.7 g/L of 2'-FL was produced with a productivity of 0.31 g/L/h in a fed-batch fermentation. We envision that the deletion-based metabolic design and decreased promoter strength for fucosyltransferase expression can resolve the drawbacks of T7 RNA polymerase-based expression design for 2'-FL production in E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Lee
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Suryang Kwak
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Eun Ju Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
The co-expression of denileukin diftitox immunotoxin with Artemin: soluble and aggregation analysis in presence of an efficient protein chaperone. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
115
|
|
116
|
Salim NO, Fuad FAA, Khairuddin F, Seman WMKW, Jonet MA. Purifying and Characterizing Bacterially Expressed Soluble Lactate Dehydrogenase from Plasmodium knowlesi for the Development of Anti-Malarial Drugs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216625. [PMID: 34771034 PMCID: PMC8588329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLH) is one of the enzymes in glycolysis with potential target for chemotherapy. This study aimed to clone, overexpress and characterize soluble recombinant lactate dehydrogenase from Plasmodium knowlesi in a bacterial system. Synthetic P. knowlesi lactate dehydrogenase (Pk-LDH) gene was cloned into pET21a expression vector, transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) expression system and then incubated for 18 h, 20 °C with the presence of 0.5 mM isopropyl β-d-thiogalactoside in Terrific broth supplemented with Magnesium sulfate, followed by protein purifications using Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Enzymatic assay was conducted to determine the activity of the enzyme. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that protein of 34 kDa size was present in the soluble fraction. In SEC, a single peak corresponding to the size of Pk-LDH protein was observed, indicating that the protein has been successfully purified. From MALDI-TOF analysis findings, a peptide score of 282 was established, which is significant for lactate dehydrogenase from P. knowlesi revealed via MASCOT analysis. Secondary structure analysis of CD spectra indicated 79.4% α helix and 1.37% β strand structure. Specific activity of recombinant Pk-LDH was found to be 475.6 U/mg, confirming the presence of active protein. Soluble Pk-LDH that is biologically active was produced, which can be used further in other malaria studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurhainis Ogu Salim
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, Kuala Lumpur 50728, W.P. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Parasitology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia NIH Complex, Bandar Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fazia Adyani Ahmad Fuad
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, Kuala Lumpur 50728, W.P. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-6421-4577
| | - Farahayu Khairuddin
- Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (F.K.); (W.M.K.W.S.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Wan Mohd Khairulikhsan Wan Seman
- Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (F.K.); (W.M.K.W.S.); (M.A.J.)
| | - Mohd Anuar Jonet
- Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (F.K.); (W.M.K.W.S.); (M.A.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Anchal, Kaushik V, Goel M. Distribution of Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase (PPIase) in the Archaea. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751049. [PMID: 34691003 PMCID: PMC8530231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond prior to proline is an intrinsically slow process but plays an essential role in protein folding. In vivo cis-trans isomerization reaction is catalyzed by Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIases), a category of proteins widely distributed among all the three domains of life. The present study is majorly focused on the distribution of different types of PPIases in the archaeal domain. All the three hitherto known families of PPIases (namely FKBP, Cyclophilin and parvulin) were studied to identify the evolutionary conservation across the phylum archaea. The basic function of cyclophilin, FKBP and parvulin has been conserved whereas the sequence alignment suggested variations in each clade. The conserved residues within the predicted motif of each family are unique. The available protein structures of different PPIase across various domains were aligned to ascertain the structural variation in the catalytic site. The structural alignment of native PPIase proteins among various groups suggested that the apo-protein may have variable conformations but when bound to their specific inhibitors, they attain similar active site configuration. This is the first study of its kind which explores the distribution of archaeal PPIases, along with detailed structural and functional analysis of each type of PPIase found in archaea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anchal
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineeta Kaushik
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Goel
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Gao Z, Zhang W, Chang R, Zhang S, Yang G, Zhao G. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation: Unraveling the Enigma of Biomolecular Condensates in Microbial Cells. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751880. [PMID: 34759902 PMCID: PMC8573418 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous examples of microbial phase-separated biomolecular condensates have now been identified following advances in fluorescence imaging and single molecule microscopy technologies. The structure, function, and potential applications of these microbial condensates are currently receiving a great deal of attention. By neatly compartmentalizing proteins and their interactors in membrane-less organizations while maintaining free communication between these macromolecules and the external environment, microbial cells are able to achieve enhanced metabolic efficiency. Typically, these condensates also possess the ability to rapidly adapt to internal and external changes. The biological functions of several phase-separated condensates in small bacterial cells show evolutionary convergence with the biological functions of their eukaryotic paralogs. Artificial microbial membrane-less organelles are being constructed with application prospects in biocatalysis, biosynthesis, and biomedicine. In this review, we provide an overview of currently known biomolecular condensates driven by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in microbial cells, and we elaborate on their biogenesis mechanisms and biological functions. Additionally, we highlight the major challenges and future research prospects in studying microbial LLPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guiwen Yang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoyan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Salehzadeh S, Tabatabaei M, Derakhshandeh A, Karbalaei-Heidari H, Kazemipour N. A novel approach of recombinant laterosporulin production using the N-SH2 domain of SHP-2. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:60. [PMID: 34674683 PMCID: PMC8529825 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study was aimed at evaluating the role of the N-SH2 domain of SHP-2 as a partner protein in the expression of a toxic peptide, laterosporulin (LTS). We also investigated its effects on the formation of the disulfide bond and functional folding of the peptide in vitro. The N-SH2-LTS protein was expressed as a His-tagged fusion protein, capable of undergoing enzymatic cleavage. Results Based on the data presented herein, the total yield of the folded fusion protein from inclusion bodies was found to be about 105 mg/l, demonstrating a high-level of heterologous expression. After enzymatic cleavage, 1.5 mg of the folded recombinant laterosporulin was obtained from each 10 mg of the fusion protein. The purity of the recombinant laterosporulin was analyzed by RP-HPLC, to yield peptides with suitable purity (85%). Conclusions Our findings indicated the advantages of using the N-SH2 domain of SHP-2 as a rapid and easy approach not only in producing easy target proteins but also in its function as a chaperone. N-SH2 domain of SHP-2 can influence on the purification of laterosporulin at reasonable yield and in a cost-effective fashion. The N-SH2 domain of SHP-2 as a protein chaperone may be potentially favorable to produce other proteins with disulfide bonds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00721-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Salehzadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tabatabaei
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Derakhshandeh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Kazemipour
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Lee HJ, Kang TG, Kim YW, Lee HS, Kim SK. Functional expression and extracellular secretion of Clostridium thermocellum Cel48S cellulase in Escherichia coli via the signal recognition particle-dependent translocation pathway. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 151:109918. [PMID: 34649693 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As the only glycoside hydrolase family 48 member in Clostridium thermocellum, the exoglucanase Cel48S plays a crucial role in the extremely high activity of the cellulosome against crystalline cellulose. Although the importance of Cel48S in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose has been widely accepted, an efficient production system has not yet been established because Cel48S is usually expressed in Escherichia coli within inactive inclusion bodies. For unstable proteins like Cel48S, translocation across the inner membrane can be more advantageous than cytoplasmic production due to the presence of folding modulators in the periplasm and the absence of cytoplasmic proteases. In this study, we evaluated whether the production of Cel48S in the periplasmic space of E. coli could enhance its functional expression. To do so, we attached the PelB signal peptide, which mediates post-translational secretion, to the N-terminal end of Cel48S (P-Cel48S). The PelB signal peptide allowed catalytically active Cel48S to be successfully produced in the culture medium. In addition, we investigated the role of an alternative co-translational pathway on the extracellular production of Cel48S, finding that co-translational secretion yielded a specific activity of recombinant Cel48S of 135.1 ± 10.0 U/mg cell in the culture medium, which was 2.2 times higher than that associated with P-Cel48S expression. Therefore, we believe that our approach has potential applications for the cost-effective conversion of lignocellulosic biomass and the industrial production of other unstable proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jae Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gu Kang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Ki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Liu M, Guo L, Fu Y, Huo M, Qi Q, Zhao G. Bacterial protein acetylation and its role in cellular physiology and metabolic regulation. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107842. [PMID: 34624455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved posttranslational modification. It affects enzyme activity, metabolic flux distribution, and other critical physiological and biochemical processes by altering protein size and charge. Protein acetylation may thus be a promising tool for metabolic regulation to improve target production and conversion efficiency in fermentation. Here we review the role of protein acetylation in bacterial physiology and metabolism and describe applications of protein acetylation in fermentation engineering and strategies for regulating acetylation status. Although protein acetylation has become a hot topic, the regulatory mechanisms have not been fully characterized. We propose future research directions in protein acetylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Likun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Yingxin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Meitong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Hua L, Yang Z, Li W, Zhang Q, Ren Z, Ye C, Zheng X, Li D, Long Q, Bai H, Sun W, Yang X, Zheng P, He J, Chen Y, Huang W, Ma Y. A Novel Immunomodulator Delivery Platform Based on Bacterial Biomimetic Vesicles for Enhanced Antitumor Immunity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103923. [PMID: 34510598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation-induced cell death (AICD) during tumor pathogenesis is a tumor immune escape process dependent on dendritic cells (DCs). Proper immune-modulatory therapies effectively inhibit tumor-specific CD8+ T cell exhaustion and enhance antitumor immune responses. Here, high-pressure homogenization is utilized to drive immunomodulator IL10-modified bacteria to extrude through the gap and self-assemble into bacterial biomimetic vesicles exposing IL10 (IL10-BBVs) on the surface with high efficiency. IL10-BBVs efficiently target DCs in tumor-draining lymph nodes and thus increase the interaction between IL10 on BBVs and IL10R on DCs to suppress AICD and mitigate CD8+ T cell exhaustion specific to tumor antigens. Two subcutaneous peripheral injections of IL10-BBVs 1 week apart in tumor-bearing mice effectively increase systemic and intratumoral proportions of CD8+ T cells to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor-specific antigen E7 is enclosed into the periplasm of IL10-BBVs (IL10-E7-BBVs) to realize concurrent actions of the immunomodulator IL10 and the tumor antigen human papillomavirus (HPV) 16E7 in lymph nodes, further enhancing the antitumor effects mediated by CD8+ T cells. The development of this modified BBV delivery platform will expand the application of bacterial membranes and provide novel immunotherapeutic strategies for tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangqun Hua
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Zhongqian Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Qishu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhaoling Ren
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Burma Avenue, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Duo Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 158 Dongsi Street, Kunming, 530112, China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrong West Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Shanmugasundaram M, Pavlova NV, Pavlov AR, Lednev IK, Robb FT. Improved folding of recombinant protein via co-expression of exogenous chaperones. Methods Enzymol 2021; 659:145-170. [PMID: 34752283 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Expression of heterologous genes in Escherichia coli is a routine technology for recombinant protein production, but the predictable recovery of properly folded and uniformly bioactive material remains a challenge. Misfolded proteins typically accumulate as insoluble inclusion bodies, and a variety of strategies have been employed in efforts to increase the yield of soluble product. One technique is the overexpression of E. coli protein chaperones during recombinant protein induction, in an effort to increase the folding capacity of the bacterial host. We have developed an alternative approach, by supplementing the host protein folding machinery with chaperones from other species. Extremophiles have evolved under conditions (extremes of temperature, salinity, pressure, and/or pH) that make them attractive candidates for possessing chaperones with novel folding activities. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) of Aequorea victoria, which is predominantly insoluble under typical recombinant expression culture conditions, was employed as an in vivo indicator of protein folding activity for chaperone homologs from a variety of extremophiles. For a subset of the chaperones tested, co-expression with GFP promoted an increase in both fluorescence signal intensity as well as the amount of GFP recovered in the soluble protein fraction. Several archaeal chaperones were also found to be able to refold soluble Lyt_Orn C40 peptidase from inclusion bodies in vitro. In particular, Pf Cpn(MA), a mutant chaperonin which exhibited significant refolding activity, is also shown to deconstruct the morphology and structure of inclusion bodies (Kurouski et al., 2012). Hence, the simple and rapid GFP assay provides a tool to screen for extremophilic chaperones that exhibit folding activity under E. coli growth conditions, and suggests that increasing the repertoire of heterologous chaperones might provide a partial but general solution to the problem of recombinant protein insolubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maruda Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Nadejda V Pavlova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States; Fidelity Systems, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Andrey R Pavlov
- Fidelity Systems, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States; Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Igor K Lednev
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Frank T Robb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Narayan G, Agrawal A, Joshi N, Gogoi R, Nagotu S, Thummer RP. Protein Production and Purification of a Codon-Optimized Human NGN3 Transcription Factor from E. coli. Protein J 2021; 40:891-906. [PMID: 34550497 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) transcription factor is vital for the development of endocrine cells of the intestine and pancreas. NGN3 is also critical for the neural precursor cell determination in the neuroectoderm. Additionally, it is one of the vital transcription factors for deriving human β-cells from specialized somatic cells. In the current study, the production and purification of the human NGN3 protein from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is reported. First, the 642 bp protein-coding nucleotide sequence of the NGN3 gene was codon-optimized to enable enhanced protein expression in E. coli strain BL21(DE3). The codon-optimized NGN3 sequence was fused in-frame to three different fusion tags to enable cell penetration, nuclear translocation, and affinity purification. The gene insert with the fusion tags was subsequently cloned into an expression vector (pET28a( +)) for heterologous expression in BL21(DE3) cells. A suitable genetic construct and the ideal expression conditions were subsequently identified that produced a soluble form of the recombinant NGN3 fusion protein. This NGN3 fusion protein was purified to homogeneity (purity > 90%) under native conditions, and its secondary structure was retained post-purification. This purified protein, when applied to human cells, did not induce cytotoxicity. Further, the cellular uptake and nuclear translocation of the NGN3 fusion protein was demonstrated followed by its biological activity in PANC-1 cells. Prospectively, this recombinant protein can be utilized for various biological applications to investigate its functionality in cell reprogramming, biological processes, and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Narayan
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Akriti Agrawal
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Neha Joshi
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ranadeep Gogoi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Changsari, Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India.,CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Shirisha Nagotu
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Rajkumar P Thummer
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Identification of Optimal Expression Parameters and Purification of a Codon-Optimized Human GLIS1 Transcription Factor from Escherichia coli. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 64:42-56. [PMID: 34528219 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
GLIS1 has multiple roles in embryonic development and in deriving induced pluripotent stem cells by aiding signaling pathways and chromatin assembly. An inexpensive and simple method to produce human GLIS1 protein from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is demonstrated in this study. Various parameters such as codon usage bias, E. coli strains, media, induction conditions (such as inducer concentration, cell density, time, and temperature), and genetic constructs were investigated to obtain soluble expression of human GLIS1 protein. Using identified expression conditions and an appropriate genetic construct, the human GLIS1 protein was homogeneously purified (purity > 90%) under native conditions. Importantly, the purified protein has upheld a stable secondary structure, as demonstrated by circular dichroism spectroscopy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the ideal expression conditions of human GLIS1 protein in E. coli to achieve soluble expression and purification under native conditions, upholding its stable secondary structure post-purification. The biological activity of the purified GLIS1 fusion protein was further assessed in MDA-MB-231 cells. This biologically active human GLIS1 protein potentiates new avenues to understand its molecular mechanisms in different cellular functions in various cancers and in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells.
Collapse
|
126
|
Optimization of protein trans-splicing in an inducible plasmid display system for high-throughput screening and selection of soluble proteins. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109914. [PMID: 34670187 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Directed evolution is widely used to optimize protein folding and solubility in cells. Although the screening and selection of desired mutants is an essential step in directed evolution, it generally requires laborious optimization and/or specialized equipment. With a view toward designing a more practical procedure, we previously developed an inducible plasmid display system, in which the intein (auto-processing) and Oct-1 DNA-binding (DBD) domains were used as the protein trans-splicing domain and DNA-binding module, respectively. Specifically, the N-terminal (CfaN) and C-terminal (CfaC) domains of intein were fused to the C-terminal end of the His-tag and the N-terminal end of Oct-1 DBD to generate His6-CfaN and CfaC-Oct-1, respectively. For such a system to be viable, the efficiency of protein trans-splicing without the protein of interest (POI) should be maximized, such that the probability of occurrence is solely dependent on the solubility of the POI. To this end, we initially prevented the degradation of l-arabinose (the inducer of the PBAD promoter) by employing an Escherichia coli host strain deficient in the metabolism of l-arabinose. Given that a low expression of His6-CfaN, compared with that of CfaC-Oct-1, was found to be conducive to the generation to a soluble product of the protein trans-splicing event, we designed the expression of His6-CfaN and CfaC-Oct-1 to be inducible from the PBAD and PT7 promoters, respectively. The optimized system thus obtained enabled in vitro selection of the plasmid-protein complex with high yield. We believe that the inducible plasmid display system developed in this study would be applicable to high-throughput screening and/or selection of protein variants with enhanced solubility.
Collapse
|
127
|
Gil-Garcia M, Ventura S. Coiled-Coil Based Inclusion Bodies and Their Potential Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:734068. [PMID: 34485264 PMCID: PMC8415879 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.734068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins using microbial cell factories is frequently associated with the formation of inclusion bodies (IBs). These proteinaceous entities can be sometimes a reservoir of stable and active protein, might display good biocompatibility, and are produced efficiently and cost-effectively. Thus, these submicrometric particles are increasingly exploited as functional biomaterials for biotechnological and biomedical purposes. The fusion of aggregation-prone sequences to the target protein is a successful strategy to sequester soluble recombinant polypeptides into IBs. Traditionally, the use of these IB-tags results in the formation of amyloid-like scaffolds where the protein of interest is trapped. This amyloid conformation might compromise the protein's activity and be potentially cytotoxic. One promising alternative to overcome these limitations exploits the coiled-coil fold, composed of two or more α-helices and widely used by nature to create supramolecular assemblies. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art of functional IBs technology, focusing on the coiled-coil-assembly strategy, describing its advantages and applications, delving into future developments and necessary improvements in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Gil-Garcia
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Huleani S, Roberts MR, Beales L, Papaioannou EH. Escherichia coli as an antibody expression host for the production of diagnostic proteins: significance and expression. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:756-773. [PMID: 34470557 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1967871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This review article concerns the production of recombinant antibody fragments for applications mainly in the diagnostic sector. The so-called "point of care diagnostics" is very important for timely diagnosis and treatment, thus being able to save lives and resources. There is intense pressure for more accurate and less expensive rapid diagnostic tests, with a value preferably <$1. Thus, the large-scale cost-effective production of recombinant antibodies is vital. The importance of Escherichia coli toward the production of inexpensive rapid tests will be explained in this review paper. Details about the different strains of E. coli, the strategies used for the insertion and the expression of recombinant proteins, and the challenges that still exist are provided. Afterward, the importance of the expression scale and culture parameters in the final yield of the antibodies are examined. From this analysis, it appears that for good yields of recombinant antibodies, aside from appropriate gene transfer and expression, the culturing parameters are of paramount importance. Larger scale production is more favorable, mainly due to the higher cell densities that can be achieved. Yields of functional Fab fragments in the range of 10-20 mg/L are considered good in shake flasks, whereas in bioreactors can be up to 1-2 g/L. An amount of 10-500 mg of such antibody per million rapid tests is required. Despite the substantial importance of the production of the antibodies and their fragments, their downstream processing should be appropriately considered from the beginning for achieving the target value of the final rapid diagnostic tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Huleani
- Engineering Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
129
|
Gil-Garcia M, Ventura S. Multifunctional antibody-conjugated coiled-coil protein nanoparticles for selective cell targeting. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:472-482. [PMID: 34192568 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructures decorated with antibodies (Abs) are applied in bioimaging and therapeutics. However, most covalent conjugation strategies affect Abs functionality. In this study, we aimed to create protein-based nanoparticles to which intact Abs can be attached through tight, specific, and noncovalent interactions. Initially considered waste products, bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) have been used in biotechnology and biomedicine. However, the amyloid-like nature of IBs limits their functionality and raises safety concerns. To bypass these obstacles, we have recently developed highly functional α-helix-rich IBs exploiting the natural self-assembly capacity of coiled-coil domains. We used this approach to create spherical, submicrometric, biocompatible and fluorescent protein nanoparticles capable of capturing Abs with high affinity. We showed that these IBs can be exploited for Ab-directed cell targeting. Simultaneous decoration of the nanoparticles with two different Abs in a controllable ratio enabled the construction of a bispecific antibody mimic that redirected T lymphocytes specifically to cancer cells. Overall, we describe an easy and cost-effective strategy to produce multivalent, traceable protein nanostructures with the potential to be used for biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Functional inclusion bodies (IBs) are promising platforms for biomedical and biotechnological applications. These nanoparticles are usually sustained by amyloid-like interactions, which imposes some limitations on their use. In this work, we exploit the natural coiled-coil self-assembly properties to create highly functional, nonamyloid, and fluorescent IBs capable of capturing antibodies. These protein-based nanoparticles are successfully used to specifically and simultaneously target two unrelated cell types and bring them close together, becoming a technology with potential application in bioimaging and immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
130
|
Xu J, Yang J, Jiang Y, Wu M, Yang S, Yang L. A novel global transcriptional perturbation target identified by forward genetics reprograms Vibrio natriegens for improving recombinant protein production. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1124-1133. [PMID: 34169308 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio natriegens is known to be the fastest-growing free-living bacterium with the potential to be a novel protein expression system other than Escherichia coli. Seven sampled genes of interest (GOIs) encoding biocatalyst enzymes, including Ochrobactrum anthropi-derived ω-transaminase (OATA), were strongly expressed in E. coli but weakly in V. natriegens using the pET expression system. In this study, we fused the C-terminal of OATA with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and obtained V. natriegens mutants that could increase both protein yield and enzyme activity of OATA as well as the other three GOIs by ultraviolet mutagenesis, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and OATA colorimetric assay. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing and strain reconstruction revealed that the Y457 variants in the conserved site of endogenous RNA polymerase (RNAP) β' subunit rpoC are responsible for the increase in recombinant protein yield. We speculated that the mutation of rpoC Y457 may reprogram V. natriegens's innate gene transcription, thereby increasing the copy number of pET plasmids and soluble protein yield of certain GOIs. The increase in GOI expression may partly be attributed to the increase in copy number. In conclusion, GOI-GFP fusion combined with FACS is a powerful tool of forward genetics that can be used to obtain a superior expression chassis. If more high-expression-related targets are found for more GOIs, it would make the construction of next-generation protein expression chassis more time-saving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Huzhou 313000, China
- Shanghai Taoyusheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Mianbin Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Huzhou 313000, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Shankar R, Schäffer N, Schmeer M, Risse JM, Friehs K, Schleef M. Recombinant expression of Barnase in Escherichia coli and its application in plasmid purification. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:171. [PMID: 34454498 PMCID: PMC8403359 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of bovine-origin ribonucleases has been part of the standard protocol for plasmid DNA purification. As the field of gene therapy now enters the clinical stage, such enzymes need to be phased out or alternative purification protocols need to be developed to ensure product safety and regulatory compliance. The recombinant expression of bacterial RNase is fraught with toxicity problems making it a challenging enzyme to express. The current study describes a plasmid construct that allowed expression of barnase in Escherichia coli under co-expression of its native inhibitor barstar. Results The pure enzyme without the inhibitor barstar was exported to the extracellular space through the periplasm and then purified from the cell-free supernatant. Cation exchange chromatography was employed as a primary purification step. This was followed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography which resulted in a concentrated fraction of active enzyme. Although current levels of volumetric activity achieved are quite meagre (4 Kunitz units mL− 1), in principle its application to plasmid DNA purification could be proved. Currently, this is capable of processing small amounts (13 g) of bacterial biomass for plasmid production. Conclusions The current work focusses on the downstream purification strategies for a recombinant RNase and sets a framework for higher scale production if specific productivity is increased by optimal hosts and/or re-engineered plasmids. Also important is to curtail the massive enzyme loss during purification by cation exchange chromatography. Application of even a relatively small amount of recombinant RNase would contribute to greatly reducing the initial RNA levels in alkaline lysates thereby augmenting further downstream plasmid purification steps. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01642-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Shankar
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG, Meisenstrasse 96, 33607, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Nina Schäffer
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG, Meisenstrasse 96, 33607, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marco Schmeer
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG, Meisenstrasse 96, 33607, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Joe Max Risse
- Fermentation Engineering, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl Friehs
- Fermentation Engineering, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Schleef
- PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG, Meisenstrasse 96, 33607, Bielefeld, Germany.,Fermentation Engineering, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.,PlasmidFactory GmbH & Co. KG and Fermentation Engineering, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Knepp ZJ, Ghaner A, Root KT. Purification and refolding protocol for cold-active recombinant esterase AaSGNH1 from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae expressed as insoluble inclusion bodies. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:394-403. [PMID: 34355672 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1952601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial esterases are a highly desirable tool for numerous biosynthetic and biotechnological applications requiring ester bond cleavage. Once identified, microbial esterases are often produced recombinantly in Escherichia coli to enhance yield and ease of purification. In this study a polyhistidine-tagged SGNH esterase gene (AaSGNH1), originating from the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, was cloned into an over-expression plasmid and expressed in BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant esterase enzyme was produced as inactive inclusion bodies which were insoluble in 8 M urea but readily solubilized by the detergent Empigen BB®. Crucially, the procurement of active enzyme required controlled removal of detergent during column chromatography and dialysis steps. The refolded esterase was characterized with respect to its ability to catalyze the cleavage of p-nitrophenol esters of different chain lengths (C2, C8, C16). In addition, the temperature and pH optima were determined and it was found that the enzyme was most active at low temperatures (5-15 °C) and under alkaline conditions (pH 8-10). It was found that the kinetic properties of AaSGNH1 were remarkably similar to other SGNH esterases described thereby validating that the protein was effectively refolded. Overall, this study provides a simple strategy for isolating cold-active recombinant esterase enzyme when expressed as inclusion bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Knepp
- Department of Chemistry, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA, USA
| | - Ashlea Ghaner
- Department of Chemistry, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA, USA
| | - Kyle T Root
- Department of Chemistry, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Petrovskaya LE, Ziganshin RH, Kryukova EA, Zlobinov AV, Gapizov SS, Shingarova LN, Mironov VA, Lomakina GY, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Increased Synthesis of a Magnesium Transporter MgtA During Recombinant Autotransporter Expression in Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3672-3703. [PMID: 34351586 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of the membrane proteins in Escherichia coli cells is a common approach to obtain sufficient material for their functional and structural studies. However, the efficiency of this process can be limited by toxic effects which decrease the viability of the host and lead to low yield of the product. During the expression of the esterase autotransporter AT877 from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T, we observed significant growth inhibition of the C41(DE3) cells in comparison with the same cells producing other recombinant proteins. Induction of AT877 synthesis also resulted in the elevated expression of a magnesium transporter MgtA and decreased ATP content of the cells. To characterize the response to overexpression of the autotransporter in bacterial cells, we performed a comparative analysis of their proteomic profile by mass spectrometry. According to the obtained data, E. coli cells which synthesize AT877 experience complex stress condition presumably associated with secretion apparatus overloading and improper localization of the recombinant protein. Several response pathways were shown to be activated by AT877 overproduction including Cpx, PhoP/PhoQ, Psp, and σE The obtained results open new opportunities for optimization of the recombinant membrane protein expression in E. coli for structural studies and biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lada E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Rustam H Ziganshin
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Kryukova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Alexander V Zlobinov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sultan Sh Gapizov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Lyudmila N Shingarova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Vasiliy A Mironov
- Roche Diagnostics Rus LLC, Letnikovskaya str. 2/2, Moscow, 115114, Russia
| | - Galina Yu Lomakina
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Baumanskaya 2-ya, 5/1, Moscow, 105005, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Functional expression of an echinocandin B deacylase from Actinoplanes utahensis in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:850-857. [PMID: 34339787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Echinocandin B deacylase (ECBD) from Actinoplanes utahensis can be applied to produce echinocandin B nucleus (ECBN), an essential intermediate of the echinocandins antifungal drugs such as anidulafungin. To date, the expression of ECBD has been limited to Streptomyces. To achieve the active expression of ECBD in Escherichia coli (E. coli), we constructed a plasmid carrying two subunits of ECBD for T7 RNA polymerase driven transcription of dicistron messenger after codon optimization. Subsequently, the introduction of peptide tags in the recombinant ECBD was adopted to reduce the formation of inclusion bodies and enhance the ECBD solubility. The peptide tags with the opposite electrostatic charge, hexa-lysine (6K) and GEGEG (GE), exhibited the best positive effect, which was verified by activity assay and structural simulation. After that, optimization of culture conditions and characterization of ECBD were conducted, the optimal pH and temperature were 7.0 and 60 °C. It is the first report concerning the functional expression of ECBD in the host E. coli. Our results reported here can provide a reference for the high-level expression of other deacylases with respect to a possible industrial application.
Collapse
|
135
|
Yang Z, Hua L, Yang M, Liu SQ, Shen J, Li W, Long Q, Bai H, Yang X, Ren Z, Zheng X, Sun W, Ye C, Li D, Zheng P, He J, Chen Y, Huang W, Peng X, Ma Y. RBD-Modified Bacterial Vesicles Elicited Potential Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5920-5930. [PMID: 34279108 PMCID: PMC8315139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection threatens human health. In this study, we used high-pressure homogenization technology not only to efficiently drive the bacterial membrane to produce artificial vesicles but also to force the fusion protein ClyA-receptor binding domain (RBD) to pass through gaps in the bacterial membrane to increase the contact between ClyA-RBD and the membrane. Therefore, the load of ClyA-RBD on the membrane is substantially increased. Using this technology, we constructed a "ring-like" bacterial biomimetic vesicle (BBV) loaded with polymerized RBD (RBD-BBV). RBD-BBVs injected subcutaneously can accumulate in lymph nodes, promote antigen uptake and processing, and elicit SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. In conclusion, we evaluated the potential of this novel bacterial vesicle as a vaccine delivery system and provided a new idea for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqian Yang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Liangqun Hua
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengli Yang
- National
Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of
Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical
Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Shu-Qun Liu
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in
Yunnan & School of Life Sciences, Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianxin Shen
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in
Yunnan & School of Life Sciences, Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaoling Ren
- The
Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming
Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Yunnan
University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Duo Li
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Department
of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
- Kunming
Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- National
Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of
Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical
Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular
Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical
Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking
Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Keeble AH, Yadav VK, Ferla MP, Bauer CC, Chuntharpursat-Bon E, Huang J, Bon RS, Howarth M. DogCatcher allows loop-friendly protein-protein ligation. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 29:339-350.e10. [PMID: 34324879 PMCID: PMC8878318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There are many efficient ways to connect proteins at termini. However, connecting at a loop is difficult because of lower flexibility and variable environment. Here, we have developed DogCatcher, a protein that forms a spontaneous isopeptide bond with DogTag peptide. DogTag/DogCatcher was generated initially by splitting a Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesin. We optimized DogTag/DogCatcher through rational design and evolution, increasing reaction rate by 250-fold and establishing millimolar solubility of DogCatcher. When fused to a protein terminus, DogTag/DogCatcher reacts slower than SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003. However, inserted in loops of a fluorescent protein or enzyme, DogTag reacts much faster than SpyTag003. Like many membrane proteins, the ion channel TRPC5 has no surface-exposed termini. DogTag in a TRPC5 extracellular loop allowed normal calcium flux and specific covalent labeling on cells in 1 min. DogTag/DogCatcher reacts under diverse conditions, at nanomolar concentrations, and to 98% conversion. Loop-friendly ligation should expand the toolbox for creating protein architectures. Spontaneous transamidation at internal sites harnessing a DogTag/DogCatcher pair DogCatcher is designed and bred for high solubility and rapid reaction Within protein loops DogTag can clamp on its partner faster than SpyTag003 Fast and faithful fluorescent labeling of an ion channel at the cell surface via DogTag
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H Keeble
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Vikash K Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Matteo P Ferla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Claudia C Bauer
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Eulashini Chuntharpursat-Bon
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Robin S Bon
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mark Howarth
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Wang H, Li Y, Che Y, Yang D, Wang Q, Yang H, Boutet J, Huet R, Yin S. Production of l-Methionine from 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde and O-Acetylhomoserine by Catalysis of the Yeast O-Acetylhomoserine Sulfhydrylase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7932-7937. [PMID: 34232654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
l-Methionine is an essential bioactive amino acid with high commercial value for diverse applications. Sustained attentions have been paid to efficient and economical preparation of l-methionine. In this work, a novel method for l-methionine production was established using O-acetyl-homoserine (OAH) and 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde (MMP) as substrates by catalysis of the yeast OAH sulfhydrylase MET17. The OAH sulfhydrylase gene Met17 was cloned from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. A 49 kDa MET17 was detected in the supernatant of the recombinant E. coli strain BL21-Met17 lysate with IPTG induction, which exhibited the biological activity of l-methionine biosynthesis from OAH and MMP. The recombinant MET17 was then purified from E. coli BL21-Met17 and used for in vitro biosynthesis of l-methionine. The maximal conversion rate (86%) of OAH to l-methionine catalyzed by purified MET17 was achieved by optimization of the molar ratio of OAH to MMP. The method proposed in this study provides a possible novel route for the industrial production of l-methionine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yixin Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huaqing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Julien Boutet
- Adisseo France SAS, Antony Parc 2, 10 Place du Général de Gaulle, F-92160 Antony, France
- Bluestar Adisseo Nanjing Co., Ltd., 389 Changfenghe Road, Nanjing Chemical Industry Park, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210047, China
| | - Robert Huet
- Adisseo France SAS, Antony Parc 2, 10 Place du Général de Gaulle, F-92160 Antony, France
- Bluestar Adisseo Nanjing Co., Ltd., 389 Changfenghe Road, Nanjing Chemical Industry Park, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210047, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Food & Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
McGuffie MJ, Barrick JE. pLannotate: engineered plasmid annotation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W516-W522. [PMID: 34019636 PMCID: PMC8262757 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered plasmids are widely used in the biological sciences. Since many plasmids contain DNA sequences that have been reused and remixed by researchers for decades, annotation of their functional elements is often incomplete. Missing information about the presence, location, or precise identity of a plasmid feature can lead to unintended consequences or failed experiments. Many engineered plasmids contain sequences—such as recombinant DNA from all domains of life, wholly synthetic DNA sequences, and engineered gene expression elements—that are not predicted by microbial genome annotation pipelines. Existing plasmid annotation tools have limited feature libraries and do not detect incomplete fragments of features that are present in many plasmids for historical reasons and may impact their newly designed functions. We created the open source pLannotate web server so users can quickly and comprehensively annotate plasmid features. pLannotate is powered by large databases of genetic parts and proteins. It employs a filtering algorithm to display only the most relevant feature matches and also reports feature fragments. Finally, pLannotate displays a graphical map of the annotated plasmid, explains the provenance of each feature prediction, and allows results to be downloaded in a variety of formats. The webserver for pLannotate is accessible at: http://plannotate.barricklab.org/
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McGuffie
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Barrick
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Zheng J, Bratulic S, Lischer HEL, Wagner A. Mistranslation can promote the exploration of alternative evolutionary trajectories in enzyme evolution. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1302-1315. [PMID: 34145657 PMCID: PMC8457080 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Darwinian evolution preferentially follows mutational pathways whose individual steps increase fitness. Alternative pathways with mutational steps that do not increase fitness are less accessible. Here, we show that mistranslation, the erroneous incorporation of amino acids into nascent proteins, can increase the accessibility of such alternative pathways and, ultimately, of high fitness genotypes. We subject populations of the beta‐lactamase TEM‐1 to directed evolution in Escherichia coli under both low‐ and high‐mistranslation rates, selecting for high activity on the antibiotic cefotaxime. Under low mistranslation rates, different evolving TEM‐1 populations ascend the same high cefotaxime‐resistance peak, which requires three canonical DNA mutations. In contrast, under high mistranslation rates they ascend three different high cefotaxime‐resistance genotypes, which leads to higher genotypic diversity among populations. We experimentally reconstruct the adaptive DNA mutations and the potential evolutionary paths to these high cefotaxime‐resistance genotypes. This reconstruction shows that some of the DNA mutations do not change fitness under low mistranslation, but cause a significant increase in fitness under high‐mistranslation, which helps increase the accessibility of different high cefotaxime‐resistance genotypes. In addition, these mutations form a network of pairwise epistatic interactions that leads to mutually exclusive evolutionary trajectories towards different high cefotaxime‐resistance genotypes. Our observations demonstrate that protein mistranslation and the phenotypic mutations it causes can alter the evolutionary exploration of fitness landscapes and reduce the predictability of evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zheng
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge-Batiment Genopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Heidi E L Lischer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge-Batiment Genopode, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge-Batiment Genopode, Lausanne, Switzerland.,The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Nikolova G, Georgieva Y, Atanasova A, Radulova G, Kapogianni A, Tsacheva I. Autoinduction as Means for Optimization of the Heterologous Expression of Recombinant Single-Chain Fv (scFv) Antibodies. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:1049-1056. [PMID: 34215946 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibodies and the recombinant antibody fragments are widely used in the biotechnology studies and in medicine as a powerful therapeutic and diagnostic tool. The most commonly used recombinant antibody fragments are single-chain fragment variable (scFv) because of their small size and minimal immunogenicity while still retaining high-affinity antigen binding. A wide range of expression systems such as bacterial and eukaryotic cell systems enable the sufficient production of scFv antibodies. However, their stable expression in soluble form and correct protein folding are often insufficient. In the present study, we present the autoinduction as a key element of the optimized scheme for heterologous expression of human monoclonal scFv antibodies (clones A1 and A12) in Escherichia coli HB2151, which resulted in two-fold increase of the total protein yield in 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ginka Nikolova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Georgieva
- Clinical Laboratory and Immunology, Military Medical Academy, 3 Sv. Georgi Sofiyski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandra Atanasova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gabriela Radulova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandra Kapogianni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka Tsacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Cho H, Kim KS. An Inducible Expression System for Recombinant Sca Proteins with an Autotransporter Domain from Orientia Tsutsugamushi in Escherichia coli. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:241-248. [PMID: 32972336 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200924144908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot) is an obligate, intracellular, gram-negative bacterium causing scrub typhus. Some of its encoded proteins play key roles in the adhesion and internalization of the Ot strain into host cells and are suitable resources for vaccine development and tools for scrub typhus diagnosis. Surface cell antigen (Sca) proteins, classified as autotransporter (AT) proteins, are one of the largest protein families involved in bacterial pathogenesis and can be promising candidates for vaccine development. These proteins are typically large and contain inhibitory domains; therefore, recombinant proteins without such domains have been evaluated for this purpose. However, the expression for recombinant Sca proteins containing the AT domain, which might largely affect their protective role against scrub typhus, has not been analyzed and optimized. OBJECTIVE In this study, we optimized expression and purification conditions for individual Ot Sca protein fragments [ScaA (27-1461), ScaC (257-526), ScaD (26-998), and ScaE (35-760)] harboring the AT domain. METHODS To this end, we subcloned sequences of codon-optimized DNA encoding Sca protein fragments into the Escherichia coli expression vector. In addition, the expression condition for individual Sca fragments was optimized, and the proteins were purified using one-step Ni-NTA column method. The purified fractions were re-folded by serial dilution method, followed by BCA quantification and densitometric analysis to estimate the yield and purity of proteins. RESULTS We prepared platforms for expression of recombinant Sca protein fragments [ScaA (27-1461), ScaC (257-526), ScaD (26-998), and ScaE (35-760)] containing an AT domain without the signal peptide and transmembrane (TM) domain. The protein yield per liter of culture with >70% of purity was ScaC (257-576), ScaE (35-760), ScaD (26-998), and ScaA (27-1461) in order. CONCLUSION Our results could be used to develop Sca AT-domain based vaccines and tools for scrub typhus diagnosis with rapid and cost-effective ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Chong HY, Leow CY, Leow CH. Generation of soluble, disulfide-rich JEV NS1 protein recognizable by anti-NS1 antibodies through a simplified, in vitro refolding approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:485-493. [PMID: 34174313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Co-existence of Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) with highly homologous antigenic epitopes results in antibody-based serodiagnosis being inaccurate at detecting and distinguishing JEV from other flaviviruses. This often causes misdiagnosis and inefficient treatments of flavivirus infection. Generation of JEV NS1 protein remains a challenge as it is notably expressed in the form of inactive aggregates known as inclusion bodies using bacterial expression systems. This study evaluated two trxB and gor E. coli strains in producing soluble JEV NS1 via a cold-shock expression system. High yield of JEV NS1 inclusion bodies was produced using cold-shocked expression system. Subsequently, a simplified yet successful approach in generating soluble, active JEV NS1 protein through solubilization, purification and in vitro refolding of JEV NS1 protein from inclusion bodies was developed. A step-wise dialysis refolding approach was used to facilitate JEV NS1 refolding. The authenticity of the refolded JEV NS1 was confirmed by specific antibody binding on indirect ELISA commercial anti-NS1 antibodies which showed that the refolded JEV NS1 was highly immunoreactive. This presented approach is cost-effective, and negates the need for mammalian or insect cell expression systems in order to synthesize this JEV NS1 protein of important diagnostic and therapeutic relevance in Japanese Encephalitis disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ying Chong
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Glugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chiuan Yee Leow
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Glugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chiuan Herng Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Glugor, Penang, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
New insights into the mechanisms of age-related protein-protein crosslinking in the human lens. Exp Eye Res 2021; 209:108679. [PMID: 34147508 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although protein crosslinking is often linked with aging as well as some age-related diseases, very few molecular details are available on the nature of the amino acids involved, or mechanisms that are responsible for crosslinking. Recent research has shown that several amino acids are able to generate reactive intermediates that ultimately lead to covalent crosslinking through multiple non-enzymatic mechanisms. This information has been derived from proteomic investigations on aged human lenses and the mechanisms of crosslinking, in each case, have been elucidated using model peptides. Residues involved in spontaneous protein-protein crosslinking include aspartic acid, asparagine, cysteine, lysine, phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, glutamic acid and glutamine. It has become clear, therefore, that several amino acids can act as potential sites for crosslinking in the long-lived proteins that are present in aged individuals. Moreover, the lens has been an invaluable model tissue and source of crosslinked proteins from which to determine crosslinking mechanisms that may lead to crosslinking in other human tissues.
Collapse
|
144
|
Antifungal Effects of Fusion Puroindoline B on the Surface and Intracellular Environment of Aspergillus flavus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:249-260. [PMID: 32488675 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus infection is a major issue for safe food storage. In this study, we constructed an efficient prokaryotic expression system for puroindoline B (PINB) protein to detect its antifungal activity. The Puroindoline b gene was cloned into pET-28a (+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. Treatment with fusion PINB revealed that it inhibits mycelial growth of A. flavus, a common grain mold. Moreover, fusion PINB-treated A. flavus mycelium withered and exhibited a sunken spore head. As fusion PINB concentration increased, electrical conductivity in mycelium also increased, indicative of cell membrane damage. Furthermore, intracellular malate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase activity decreased, revealing a disruption in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Moreover, the dampened activity of the ion pump Na+K+-ATPase negatively affected the intracellular regulation of both ions. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activity decreased, thus reducing antioxidant capacity, a result confirmed with an increase in malondialdehyde content. Changes to the GSH/GSSG ratio indicated a shift to an intracellular oxidative state. At the same time, laser scanning confocal microscopy assay showed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and nuclear damage. Therefore, the PINB fusion protein may have the potential to control A. flavus in grain storage and food preservation.
Collapse
|
145
|
Nanomolar inhibition of human OGA by 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucono-1,5-lactone semicarbazone derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113649. [PMID: 34186233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification mediated by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA), that adds or removes a single β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety to or from serine/threonine residues of nucleocytosolic and mitochondrial proteins, respectively. The perturbed homeostasis of O-GlcNAc cycling results in several pathological conditions. Human OGA is a promising therapeutic target in diseases where aberrantly low levels of O-GlcNAc are experienced, such as tauopathy in Alzheimer's disease. A new class of potent OGA inhibitors, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucono-1,5-lactone (thio)semicarbazones, have been identified. Eight inhibitors were designed and synthesized in five steps starting from d-glucosamine and with 15-55% overall yields. A heterologous OGA expression protocol with strain selection and isolation has been optimized that resulted in stable, active and full length human OGA (hOGA) isomorph. Thermal denaturation kinetics of hOGA revealed environmental factors affecting hOGA stability. From kinetics experiments, the synthesized compounds proved to be efficient competitive inhibitors of hOGA with Ki-s in the range of ∼30-250 nM and moderate selectivity with respect to lysosomal β-hexosaminidases. In silico studies consisting of Prime protein-ligand refinements, QM/MM optimizations and QM/MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations revealed the factors governing the observed potencies, and led to design of the most potent analogue 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucono-1,5-lactone 4-(2-naphthyl)-semicarbazone 6g (Ki = 36 nM). The protocol employed has applications in future structure based inhibitor design targeting OGA.
Collapse
|
146
|
Long-Lasting Growth Hormone Regulated by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126268. [PMID: 34200910 PMCID: PMC8230561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase the half-life of growth hormones, we proposed its long-lasting regulation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). We identified lysine residues (K67, K141, and K166) that are involved in the ubiquitination of human growth hormone (hGH) using ubiquitination site prediction programs to validate the ubiquitination sites, and then substituted these lysine residues with arginine residues. We identified the most effective substituent (K141R) to prevent ubiquitination and named it AUT-hGH. hGH was expressed and purified in the form of hGH-His, and ubiquitination was first verified at sites containing K141 in the blood stream. Through the study, we propose that AUT-hGH with an increased half-life could be used as a long-lasting hGH in the blood stream.
Collapse
|
147
|
Holič R, Šťastný D, Griač P. Sec14 family of lipid transfer proteins in yeasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158990. [PMID: 34118432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity of lipids prevents their free movement across the cytoplasm. To achieve highly heterogeneous and precisely regulated lipid distribution in different cellular membranes, lipids are transported by lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) in addition to their transport by vesicles. Sec14 family is one of the most extensively studied groups of LTPs. Here we provide an overview of Sec14 family of LTPs in the most studied yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as in other selected non-Saccharomyces yeasts-Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Kluyveromyces lactis, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Yarrowia lipolytica. Discussed are specificities of Sec14-domain LTPs in various yeasts, their mode of action, subcellular localization, and physiological function. In addition, quite few Sec14 family LTPs are target of antifungal drugs, serve as modifiers of drug resistance or influence virulence of pathologic yeasts. Thus, they represent an important object of study from the perspective of human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Holič
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominik Šťastný
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Griač
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Flores-Santos JC, Moguel IS, Monteiro G, Pessoa A, Vitolo M. Improvement in extracellular secretion of recombinant L-asparaginase II by Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using glycine and n-dodecane. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1247-1255. [PMID: 34100260 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase II (ASNase) is the biopharmaceutical of choice for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In this study, E. coli BL21 (DE3) transformed with the pET15b + asnB vector which expresses recombinant ASNase was used as a source to obtain this enzyme. The ideal conditions to produce ASNase would be a high level of secretion into the extracellular medium, which depends not only on the application of molecular biology techniques but also on the development of a strategy to modify cell permeability such as the addition of substances to the culture medium that stimulate destabilisation of structural components of the cell. Thus, the growth of E. coli BL21 (DE3) in modified Luria-Bertani broth, supplemented with 0.8% (w/v) glycine and 6% (v/v) n-dodecane, increased the total yield of ASNase by about 50% (15,108 IU L-1) and resulted in a 16-fold increase in extracellular enzymatic productivity (484 IU L-1 h-1), compared to production using the same medium without addition of these substances. Most of the enzyme (89%) was secreted into the culture medium 24 h after the induction step. This proposed approach presents a simple strategy to increase extracellular production of ASNase in E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Flores-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, CEP, 580, Brazil
| | - Ignacio S Moguel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, CEP, 580, Brazil
| | - Gisele Monteiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, CEP, 580, Brazil.
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, CEP, 580, Brazil
| | - Michele Vitolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, Bloco 16, São Paulo, SP, CEP, 580, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Boontip T, Waditee-Sirisattha R, Honda K, Napathorn SC. Strategies for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Production Using a Cold-Shock Promoter in Escherichia coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:666036. [PMID: 34150730 PMCID: PMC8211017 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.666036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study attempted to increase poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) production by improving expression of PHB biosynthesis operon derived from Cupriavidus necator strain A-04 using various types of promoters. The intact PHB biosynthesis operon of C. necator A-04, an alkaline tolerant strain isolated in Thailand with a high degree of 16S rRNA sequence similarity with C. necator H16, was subcloned into pGEX-6P-1, pColdI, pColdTF, pBAD/Thio-TOPO, and pUC19 (native promoter) and transformed into Escherichia coli JM109. While the phaCA–04 gene was insoluble in most expression systems tested, it became soluble when it was expressed as a fusion protein with trigger factor (TF), a ribosome associated bacterial chaperone, under the control of a cold shock promoter. Careful optimization indicates that the cold-shock cspA promoter enhanced phaCA–04 protein expression and the chaperone function of TF play critical roles in increasing soluble phaCA–04 protein. Induction strategies and parameters in flask experiments were optimized to obtain high expression of soluble PhaCA–04 protein with high YP/S and PHB productivity. Soluble phaCA–04 was purified through immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). The results demonstrated that the soluble phaCA–04 from pColdTF-phaCABA–04 was expressed at a level of as high as 47.4 ± 2.4% of total protein and pColdTF-phaCABA–04 enhanced soluble protein formation to approximately 3.09−4.1 times higher than that from pColdI-phaCABA–04 by both conventional method and short induction method developed in this study. Cultivation in a 5-L fermenter led to PHB production of 89.8 ± 2.3% PHB content, a YP/S value of 0.38 g PHB/g glucose and a productivity of 0.43 g PHB/(L.h) using pColdTF-phaCABA–04. The PHB film exhibited high optical transparency and possessed Mw 5.79 × 105 Da, Mn 1.86 × 105 Da, and PDI 3.11 with normal melting temperature and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanawat Boontip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kohsuke Honda
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Suchada Chanprateep Napathorn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Arif A, Rashid N, Akhtar M. Removal of N-terminal methionine of human interferon α-2b by co‐producing with Pyrococcus furiosus methionine aminopeptidase in Escherichia coli. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|