101
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Shi K, Qiu B, Zhu C, Yao J, Xia X, Zhang J, Meng L, Huang S, Lu X, Wan Y, Zhang ZG, Li Y. Effects of Alkyl Side Chains of Small Molecule Donors on Morphology and the Photovoltaic Property of All-Small-Molecule Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54237-54245. [PMID: 34726374 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the relationship between nanoscale morphology of active layers and chemical structures of organic semiconductor photovoltaic materials is crucially important for further advancing the development of all-small-molecule organic solar cells (SM-OSCs). Here, in order to delve into the effect of flexible side chains of small molecule donors on the photovoltaic properties of SM-OSCs, we synthesized two new small molecule donors substituted by different flexible alkyl chains (iso-octyl chains for SM1-EH and n-octyl chains for SM1-Oct). As a result, the two small molecules present different absorption properties, energy levels, and stacking characteristics. When blending with Y6 as an acceptor, the SM1-Oct-based SM-OSC demonstrated a higher PCE value of 11.73%, while the SM1-EH-based device presents a relatively poorer PCE value of 8.42%. In addition, the morphology analysis demonstrated that, compared with the SM1-EH:Y6 blend, the SM1-Oct:Y6 blend film displayed better molecular stacking properties with stronger multilevel diffraction and preferable phase separation, resulting in the higher hole mobility, more efficient charge separation efficiency, and better device performance. These results underline that reasonably adjusting the flexible alkyl chains of small molecule donors can be an effective approach to further advance the development of the SM-OSCs field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Shi
- Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Beibei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Can Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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102
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Xu LF, Xu ZW, Lin JP, Wang LQ. Optimizing Photovoltaic Performance by Kinetic Quenching of Layered Heterojunctions. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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103
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Kim M, Ryu SU, Park SA, Pu YJ, Park T. Designs and understanding of small molecule-based non-fullerene acceptors for realizing commercially viable organic photovoltaics. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14004-14023. [PMID: 34760184 PMCID: PMC8565376 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03908c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have emerged as a promising next-generation technology with great potential for portable, wearable, and transparent photovoltaic applications. Over the past few decades, remarkable advances have been made in non-fullerene acceptor (NFA)-based OPVs, with their power conversion efficiency exceeding 18%, which is close to the requirements for commercial realization. Novel molecular NFA designs have emerged and evolved in the progress of understanding the physical features of NFA-based OPVs in relation to their high performance, while there is room for further improvement. In this review, the molecular design of representative NFAs is described, and their blend characteristics are assessed via statistical comparisons. Meanwhile, the current understanding of photocurrent generation is reviewed along with the significant physical features observed in high-performance NFA-based OPVs, while the challenging issues and the strategic perspectives for the commercialization of OPV technology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Seung Un Ryu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Pu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
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104
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Xia X, Lau TK, Guo X, Li Y, Qin M, Liu K, Chen Z, Zhan X, Xiao Y, Chan PF, Liu H, Xu L, Cai G, Li N, Zhu H, Li G, Zhu Y, Zhu T, Zhan X, Wang XL, Lu X. Uncovering the out-of-plane nanomorphology of organic photovoltaic bulk heterojunction by GTSAXS. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6226. [PMID: 34711821 PMCID: PMC8553947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The bulk morphology of the active layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) is known to be crucial to the device performance. The thin film device structure breaks the symmetry into the in-plane direction and out-of-plane direction with respect to the substrate, leading to an intrinsic anisotropy in the bulk morphology. However, the characterization of out-of-plane nanomorphology within the active layer remains a grand challenge. Here, we utilized an X-ray scattering technique, Grazing-incident Transmission Small-angle X-ray Scattering (GTSAXS), to uncover this new morphology dimension. This technique was implemented on the model systems based on fullerene derivative (P3HT:PC71BM) and non-fullerene systems (PBDBT:ITIC, PM6:Y6), which demonstrated the successful extraction of the quantitative out-of-plane acceptor domain size of OSC systems. The detected in-plane and out-of-plane domain sizes show strong correlations with the device performance, particularly in terms of exciton dissociation and charge transfer. With the help of GTSAXS, one could obtain a more fundamental perception about the three-dimensional nanomorphology and new angles for morphology control strategies towards highly efficient photovoltaic devices.
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Grants
- 15305020 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- 14303519 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- JLFS/P-102/18 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- N_CUHK418/17 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- 51761165023 National Science Foundation of China | National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund (NSFC-Yunnan Joint Fund)
- 4442384 CUHK | Hong Kong Institute of Educational Research, Chinese University of Hong Kong (HKIER,CUHK)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- the Hong Kong Polytechnic University grant
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tsz-Ki Lau
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xuyun Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zeng Chen
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhan
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiqun Xiao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pok Fung Chan
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Luhang Xu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guilong Cai
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Na Li
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, No.333, Haike Road, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xun-Li Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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105
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Ye L, Gao M, Hou J. Advances and prospective in thermally stable nonfullerene polymer solar cells. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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106
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Chen Z, Li W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhu W, Zeng M, Li Y. Aggregation-Induced Radical of Donor-Acceptor Organic Semiconductors. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9783-9790. [PMID: 34596405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Narrow bandgap donor-acceptor organic semiconductors are generally considered to show a closed-shell singlet ground state, and their radicals are reported as impurities, defects, polarons, and charge transfer monoradicals. Herein, we systematically investigated the open-shell singlet diradical electronic ground state of two diketopyrrolopyrrole-based compounds via the combination of electron spin resonance (ESR), nuclear magnetic resonance, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, and theoretical calculations. It is widely known that the quinoidal character will be significantly enhanced in the aggregation state accompanied by improved planarity and enhanced delocalization. We proposed an aggregation-induced radical and captodative effect as the driving force for the formation and stabilization of the open-shell quinoid diradical based on the ESR test in different proportions of mixed solvents. Our results provided a novel view for understanding the intrinsic chemical structure of donor-acceptor organic semiconductors, the open-shell singlet and thermally excited triplet electronic states, and the unexpected physical processes between the ground state and the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yiheng Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weiya Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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107
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Zhang Z, Pan F, Luo M, Yuan D, Liu H, Liu Q, Wu Z, Zhang L, Chen J. A dithienobenzothiadiazole-quaterthiophene wide bandgap polymer enables non-fullerene based polymer solar cells with over 15% efficiency. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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108
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Cui Y, Xu Y, Yao H, Bi P, Hong L, Zhang J, Zu Y, Zhang T, Qin J, Ren J, Chen Z, He C, Hao X, Wei Z, Hou J. Single-Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cell with 19% Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102420. [PMID: 34464466 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) is important for broadening the applications of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. Here, a maximum PCE of 19.0% (certified value of 18.7%) is achieved in single-junction OPV cells by combining material design with a ternary blending strategy. An active layer comprising a new wide-bandgap polymer donor named PBQx-TF and a new low-bandgap non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) named eC9-2Cl is rationally designed. With optimized light utilization, the resulting binary cell exhibits a good PCE of 17.7%. An NFA F-BTA3 is then added to the active layer as a third component to simultaneously improve the photovoltaic parameters. The improved light unitization, cascaded energy level alignment, and enhanced intermolecular packing result in open-circuit voltage of 0.879 V, short-circuit current density of 26.7 mA cm-2 , and fill factor of 0.809. This study demonstrates that further improvement of PCEs of high-performance OPV cells requires fine tuning of the electronic structures and morphologies of the active layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Pengqing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yunfei Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinzhao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junzhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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109
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Wang W, Li G, Li Y, Zhan C, Lu X, Xiao S. Positional isomeric effect of monobrominated ending groups within small molecule acceptors on photovoltaic performance. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31992-31999. [PMID: 35495533 PMCID: PMC9042045 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05426k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As an ending acceptor unit (A) within acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecule acceptors (SMAs), monobrominated 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC-Br) plays a critical role on developing high-performance SMAs and polymer acceptors from polymerizing SMAs. IC-Br is usually a mixture (IC-Br-m) consisting of positional isomeric IC-Br-γ and IC-Br-δ (bromine substituted on the γ and δ positions, respectively). The positional isomeric effect of these monobrominated ending groups has been witnessed to take an important role on regulating the photovoltaic performance. Fully investigating this isomeric effect of monobromination would be of great value for SMAs and even polymer acceptors. In this study, benefitting from the separation of IC-Br-γ and IC-Br-δ from IC-Br-m with high yields, bis(thieno[3,2-b]cyclopenta)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']diselenophene (BDSeT) was chosen as the D unit and combined with IC-Br-γ, IC-Br-δ and IC-Br-m as A units, respectively. Three A-D-A type SMAs (BDSeTICBr-γ, BDSeTICBr-δ and BDSeTICBr-m) have thus been obtained. When blended with the representative donor polymer of PBDB-T-2Cl to construct bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs), BDSeTICBr-γ, BDSeTICBr-δ and BDSeTICBr-m devices offered power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 9.42, 10.63, and 11.54% respectively. The result indicated the superior photovoltaic performance of the isomer mixture over the pure isomers, which was contrary to the reported ones that the pure isomers of SMAs used to give a better performance. The superior performance of the BDSeTICBr-m devices was mainly reflected in the improved carrier generation and transport as well as the carrier recombination suppression. In the three PBDB-T-2Cl:SMA BHJ films, a comparable intermixing phase and acceptor domain sizes were observed. Compared with BDSeTICBr-γ and BDSeTICBr-δ, BDSeTICBr-m showed a preferential face-on orientated packing with the closest π-π stacking in its BHJ film, probably accounting for its higher photovoltaic performance than those of the pure isomers. This study provides an alternative sight to develop efficient SMAs with suitably monobrominated IC ending groups for the strategy of polymerizing SMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Gongchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin Hong Kong SAR 999077 P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin Hong Kong SAR 999077 P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
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110
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Zhou X, Wu H, Lin B, Naveed HB, Xin J, Bi Z, Zhou K, Ma Y, Tang Z, Zhao C, Zheng Q, Ma Z, Ma W. Different Morphology Dependence for Efficient Indoor Organic Photovoltaics: The Role of the Leakage Current and Recombination Losses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44604-44614. [PMID: 34499484 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient indoor organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted strong attention for their application in indoor electronic devices. However, the route to optimal photoactive film morphology toward high-performance indoor devices has remained obscure. The leakage current dominated by morphology exerts distinguishing influence on the performance under different illuminations. We have demonstrated that morphology reoptimization plays an important role in indoor OPVs, and their optimal structural features are different from what we laid out for outdoor devices. For indoor OPVs, in order to facilitate low leakage current, it is essential to enhance the crystallinity, phase separation, and domain purity, as well as keeping small surface roughness of the active layer. Furthermore, considering the reduced bimolecular recombination at low light intensity, we have shown that PM6:M36-based indoor devices can work effectively with a large ratio of the donor and acceptor. Our work correlating structure-performance relation and the route to optimal morphology outlines the control over device leakage current and recombination losses boosting the progress of efficient indoor OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongbo Wu
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Baojun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hafiz Bilal Naveed
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qingdong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zaifei Ma
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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111
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Miao Z, Konar D, Sumerlin BS, Veige AS. Soluble Polymer Precursors via Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization for the Synthesis of Cyclic Polyacetylene. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Miao
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Debabrata Konar
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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112
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Capture the high-efficiency non-fullerene ternary organic solar cells formula by machine-learning-assisted energy-level alignment optimization. PATTERNS 2021; 2:100333. [PMID: 34553173 PMCID: PMC8441578 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate energy-level alignment in non-fullerene ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) can enhance the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), due to the simultaneous improvement in charge generation/transportation and reduction in voltage loss. Seven machine-learning (ML) algorithms were used to build the regression and classification models based on energy-level parameters to predict PCE and capture high-performance material combinations, and random forest showed the best predictive capability. Furthermore, two sets of verification experiments were designed to compare the experimental and predicted results. The outcome elucidated that a deep lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the non-fullerene acceptors can slightly reduce the open-circuit voltage (VOC) but significantly improve short-circuit current density (JSC), and, to a certain extent, the VOC could be optimized by the slightly up-shifted LUMO of the third component in non-fullerene ternary OSCs. Consequently, random forest can provide an effective global optimization scheme and capture multi-component combinations for high-efficiency ternary OSCs. ML assists in analyzing energy-level alignment of non-fullerene ternary blends Random forest approach provides the best predictive capability The effective global optimization scheme in material selection is provided
Introducing a third component into a binary blend to fabricate the ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) is a common practice to enhance light harvest and reduce energy loss of the photoactive blends, especially the non-fullerene ternary OSCs, which showed thrilling power conversion efficiencies improvement. A proper energy-level alignment in ternary blends, promoting the device charge generation, transport, and extraction, is of importance to maximize the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage simultaneously. The machine-learning (ML) technique is a powerful tool for processing complex data from previous research to find the underlying mechanisms. In this work, we built regression and classification models, aiming to find the relationship between molecular energy levels and device performances. The results demonstrated that random forest is an effective method to assess the energy-level alignment, providing guidelines for the design of high-performance non-fullerene ternary OSCs.
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113
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Jahandar M, Kim S, Lim DC. Indoor Organic Photovoltaics for Self-Sustaining IoT Devices: Progress, Challenges and Practicalization. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3449-3474. [PMID: 34056847 PMCID: PMC8519124 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) have great potential to provide a self-sustaining power source for Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. The rapid growth in demand for low-power IoT devices for indoor application not only boosts the development of high-performance IPVs, but also promotes the electronics and semiconductor industry for the design and development of ultra-low-power IoT systems. In this Review, the recent progress in IPV technologies, design rules, market trends, and future prospects for highly efficient indoor photovoltaics are discussed. Special attention is given to the progress and development of organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which demonstrate great possibilities for IPVs, owing to their bandgap tunability, high absorbance coefficient, semitransparency, solution processability, and easy large-area manufacturing on flexible substrates. Highly efficient indoor organic photovoltaics (IOPVs) can be realized through designing efficient donor and acceptor absorber materials that have good spectral responses in the visible region and better energy-aligned interfacial layers, and through modulation of optical properties. Interfacial engineering, photovoltage losses, device stability, and large-area organic photovoltaic modules are surveyed to understand the mechanisms of efficient power conversion and challenges for IOPVs under indoor conditions as a self-sustaining power source for IoT devices. Finally, the prospects for further improve in IOPV device performance and practical aspects of integrating IOPVs in low-power IoT devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jahandar
- Energy and Electronic Materials CenterKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), KoreaChangwon51508Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Energy and Electronic Materials CenterKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), KoreaChangwon51508Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chan Lim
- Energy and Electronic Materials CenterKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), KoreaChangwon51508Republic of Korea
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114
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Hamada F, Saeki A. Mobility Relaxation of Holes and Electrons in Polymer:Fullerene and Polymer : Non-Fullerene Acceptor Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3528-3534. [PMID: 33847041 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A non-fullerene small molecular acceptor (NFA) is a prominent molecule that shows moderate electron mobility and a narrow bandgap complementary to middle-bandgap p-type conjugated polymers, which leads to great improvement in the performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, little is known about the relaxation of charge carriers, which is key to efficient charge transport. Simultaneous time-of-flight (TOF) and time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) measurements have been carried out on benzodithiophene-based polymer (PBDB-T):soluble C70 -fullerere (PCBM) and PBDB-T:NFA (ITIC or Y6) blends, as benchmark systems. In addition to the conventional TOF mobilities, relaxation of the hole and electron mobility are evaluated by TRMC under an external electric field. PBDB-T : ITIC exhibits much faster relaxation than PBDB-T : PCBM, whereas that in PBDB-T : Y6 is moderate. This is consistent with the energetic disorder estimated from the photoabsorption onset. Interestingly, the slower relaxation of the electrons compared to the holes in PBDB-T : Y6 is in line with the preferred normal device structure. Our work deepens the understanding of the energetics of polymer : NFA blends and offers a basis for achieving efficient NFA properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Hamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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115
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Li Z, Feng K, Wang J, Li M, Xu Q, Li X, Guo X. Highly Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells Processed from Nonhalogenated Solvents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3553-3560. [PMID: 33913608 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable advance of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) achieved in the past decades is primarily powered by the innovation of polymer acceptors. However, most of high-performance all-PSCs are dominantly fabricated with halogenated solvents, which are detrimental to human bodies and the environment. Herein, eco-friendly solvent-processed all-PSCs were developed, based on wide-bandgap polymer poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexylthio)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo-[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene-alt-2,5-di(butyloctylthiophen-2-yl) -thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole] (PSTZ) as donor and newly synthesized narrow-bandgap polymer 5,6-dicyano-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole indacenodithiophene (DCNBT-IDT) as acceptor. When processed with o-xylene and THF, PSTZ : DCNBT-IDT-based all-PSCs yielded remarkable power conversion efficiencies of 7.23 and 8.77 % with high short-circuit currents of 12.94 and 14.12 mA cm-2 , respectively. The results indicated that the utilization of an all-polymer blend based on narrow polymer acceptor and compatible polymer donor is an effective strategy for advancing eco-friendly solvent-processed all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojia Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochang Li
- GuanMat Optoelectronic Materials, Inc, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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116
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Chen H, Zhao T, Li L, Tan P, Lai H, Zhu Y, Lai X, Han L, Zheng N, Guo L, He F. 17.6%-Efficient Quasiplanar Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells from a Chlorinated 3D Network Acceptor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102778. [PMID: 34318541 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved great success because they overcome the shortcomings of short exciton diffusion distances. With the progress in material innovation and device technology, the efficiency of BHJ devices is continually being improved. For some special photovoltaic material systems, it is difficult to manipulate the miscibility and morphology of blend films, and this results in moderate, even poor device performance. Quasiplanar heterojunction (Q-PHJ) OSCs have been proposed to exploit the excellent photovoltaic properties of these materials. An OSC with BTIC-BO-4Cl has a 3D interpenetrating network structure with multiple channels that can facilitate the exciton diffusion and charge transport, and BTIC-BO-4Cl is therefore a good candidate for Q-PHJ OSCs. In this work, a D18:BTIC-BO-4Cl-based Q-PHJ device is fabricated. The exciton diffusion lengths of D18 and BTIC-BO-4Cl are in accord with the requirements of the Q-PHJ device and the efficiency of Q-PHJ device is as high as 17.60%. This study indicates that the Q-PHJ architecture can replace the BHJ architecture to produce excellent OSCs for certain unique donors and acceptors, providing an alternative approach to photovoltaic material design and device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tingxing Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Pu Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xue Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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117
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Yamanaka K, Saito M, Mikie T, Osaka I. Effect of Ester Side Chains on Photovoltaic Performance in Thiophene-Thiazolothiazole Copolymers. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Yamanaka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Masahiko Saito
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Mikie
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Itaru Osaka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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118
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Bi P, Zhang S, Wang J, Ren J, Hou J. Progress in Organic Solar Cells: Materials, Physics and Device Engineering. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengqing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Junzhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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119
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Wang Z, Di Virgilio L, Yao Z, Yu Z, Wang X, Zhou Y, Li Q, Lu Y, Zou L, Wang HI, Wang X, Wang J, Pei J. Correlating Charge Transport Properties of Conjugated Polymers in Solution Aggregates and Thin‐Film Aggregates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Lucia Di Virgilio
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Ze‐Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zi‐Di Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xin‐Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yang‐Yang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Qi‐Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Lin Zou
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621999 China
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xiao‐Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jie‐Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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120
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Wang ZY, Di Virgilio L, Yao ZF, Yu ZD, Wang XY, Zhou YY, Li QY, Lu Y, Zou L, Wang HI, Wang XY, Wang JY, Pei J. Correlating Charge Transport Properties of Conjugated Polymers in Solution Aggregates and Thin-Film Aggregates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20483-20488. [PMID: 34235851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The role of solution aggregates on the charge transport process of conjugated polymers in electronic devices has gained increasing attention; however, the correlation of the charge carrier mobilities between the solution aggregates and the solid-state films remains elusive. Herein, three polymers, FBDOPV-2T, FBDOPV-2F2T, and FBDOPV-4F2T, are designed and synthesized with distinct aggregation behavior in solution. By combining contact-free ultrafast terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and field-effect transistor measurements, we track the charge carrier mobility of the aggregates of these polymers from the solution to the thin-film state. Remarkably, the mobility of these three polymers is found to follow nearly the same trend (FBDOPV-2T>FBDOPV-2F2T≫FBDOPV-4F2T) in both solutions and thin-film states. The quantitative mobility correlation indicates that the charge transport properties of solution aggregates play a critical role in determining the thin-film charge transport properties and final device performance. Our results highlight the importance of investigating and controlling solution aggregation structures towards efficient organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lucia Di Virgilio
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zi-Di Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qi-Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621999, China
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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121
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Chen H, Xia X, Yuan J, Wei Q, Liu W, Li Z, Zhu C, Wang X, Guan H, Lu X, Li Y, Zou Y. Compatibility between Solubility and Enhanced Crystallinity of Benzotriazole-Based Small Molecular Acceptors with Less Bulky Alkyl Chains for Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36053-36061. [PMID: 34293857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing the molecular structures of organic solar cell (OSC) materials and boosting the power conversion efficiencies are the eternal theme in the solar energy region. A series of fused benzotriazole (BTA)-based A-DA'D-A structures of nonfullerene acceptors (such as Y18) were developed for application in efficient OSCs, in which high quantum efficiencies and low voltage losses could be achieved because of the optimized electron-deficient core and specific molecular geometry. Here, based on the BTA core, the bulky alkyl chain on the BTA unit was further tailored to minimize the lateral alkyl chains and enhance the crystallinity while maintaining an adequate solubility. The resulting NFAs of BTA-C1, BTA-C5, and BTA-C6 are synthesized. Compared with the well-designed molecular Y18 (BTA-C8), we found that simply replacing the 2-ethylhexyl chain with a single methyl (BTA-C1) can easily improve the fill factor up to 77%, but its poor light absorption capacity and large domain size impeded further efficiency improvement. In particular, the BTA-C5, with a shortened branch alkyl chain of 2-methylbutyl, achieves suitable solubility and enhanced crystallinity. Significantly, owing to the balanced charge carrier mobility and suitable phase separation, the BTA-C5-based binary single-junction OSCs achieve a high efficiency of 17.11%, which is one of the top values in BTA-based OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Qingya Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Can Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaosha Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Huilan Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
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122
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Influence of thiophene and furan π–bridge on the properties of poly(benzodithiophene-alt-bis(π–bridge)pyrrolopyrrole-1,3-dione) for organic solar cell applications. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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123
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Chen F, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Gao M, Kirby N, Peng Z, Deng Y, Li M, Ye L. High
T
g
Polymer Insulator Yields Organic Photovoltaic Blends with Superior Thermal Stability at 150
o
C. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Mengyuan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Nigel Kirby
- Australian Synchrotron Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
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124
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Chang X, Balooch Qarai M, Spano FC. HJ-aggregates of donor-acceptor-donor oligomers and polymers. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:034905. [PMID: 34293903 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A vibronic exciton model is developed to account for the spectral signatures of HJ-aggregates of oligomers and polymers containing donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) repeat units. In (DAD)N π-stacks, J-aggregate-promoting intrachain interactions compete with H-aggregate-promoting interchain interactions. The latter includes Coulombic coupling, which arises from "side-by-side" fragment transition dipole moments as well as intermolecular charge transfer (ICT), which is enhanced in geometries with substantial overlap between donors on one chain and acceptors on a neighboring chain. J-behavior is dominant in single (DAD)N chains with enhanced intrachain order as evidenced by an increased red-shift in the low-energy absorption band along with a heightened A1/A2 peak ratio, where A1 and A2 are the oscillator strengths of the first two vibronic peaks in the progression sourced by the symmetric quinoidal-aromatic vibration. By contrast, the positive H-promoting interchain Coulomb interactions operative in aggregates cause the vibronic ratio to attenuate, similar to what has been established in H-aggregates of homopolymers such as P3HT. An attenuated A1/A2 ratio can also be caused by H-promoting ICT which occurs when the electron and hole transfer integrals are out-of-phase. In this case, the A1 peak is red-shifted, in contrast to conventional Kasha H-aggregates. With slight modifications, the ratio formula derived previously for P3HT aggregates is shown to apply to (DAD)N aggregates as well, allowing one to determine the effective free-exciton interchain coupling from the A1/A2 ratio. Applications are made to polymers based on 2T-DPP-2T and 2T-BT-2T repeat units, where the importance of the admixture of the excited acceptor state in the lowest energy band is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - Frank C Spano
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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125
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Yang C, Zhang S, Ren J, Bi P, Yuan X, Hou J. Fluorination strategy enables greatly improved performance for organic solar cells based on polythiophene derivatives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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126
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KESER KARAOĞLAN G, DÜLGER KUTLU Ö, ALTINDAL A. Unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanines containing thiophene and amine groups as donor for bulk heterojunction solar cells. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:694-703. [PMID: 34385862 PMCID: PMC8326495 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Photovoltaic technology is an alternative resource for renewable and sustainable energy and low costs organic photovoltaic devices such as bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, which are selective candidates for the effective conversion of solar energy into electricity. Asymmetric phthalocyanines containing electron acceptor and donor groups create high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells. In this study, a new unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine was designed and synthesized including thiophene and amine groups at peripherally positions for BHJ solar cell. The structure of the targeted compound (4) was characterized comprehensively by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS spectroscopies. The potential of this compound in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic devices as donor was also researched as function of blend ratio (blend ratio was varied from 0.5 to 4). For this purpose, a series of BHJ devices with the structure of fluorine doped indium tin oxide (FTO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)/ ZnPc:[6,6]- phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend/Al with identical thickness of ZnPc:PCBM layer were fabricated and characterized. Photo current measurements in 4 revealed that the observed photo current maximum is consistent with UV-vis spectra of the compound of 4. Preliminary studies showed that the blend ratio has a critical effect on the BHJ device performance parameters. Photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 6.14% was achieved with 4 based BHJ device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülnur KESER KARAOĞLAN
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Öznur DÜLGER KUTLU
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Ahmet ALTINDAL
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbulTurkey
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127
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Ding L, Wang ZY, Yao ZF, Liu NF, Wang XY, Zhou YY, Luo L, Shen Z, Wang JY, Pei J. Controllable Transformation between the Kinetically and Thermodynamically Stable Aggregates in a Solution of Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nai-Fu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longfei Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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128
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Qin S, Meng L, Li Y. Molecular Properties and Aggregation Behavior of Small-Molecule Acceptors Calculated by Molecular Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:14467-14475. [PMID: 34124469 PMCID: PMC8190879 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) has increased rapidly to over 17% recently. The recent improvement in efficiency was mainly attributed to the development of small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) such as ITIC, Y6, and their derivatives. However, we still have little knowledge on how the molecular structures of the SMAs influence their photovoltaic properties. For the purpose of gaining more insight into the relationship between the molecular properties and photovoltaic performance of the SMAs, here, we carried out theoretical calculations on the most representative SMAs, such as ITIC, Y6, and their derivatives through molecular simulations, and tried to reveal their unique characteristic and aggregation behavior related to the general performance in OSCs, potentially helping to further improve the efficiency of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Qin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemical Science, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemical Science, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemical Science, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Laboratory
of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow
University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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129
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Liu Q, Fang J, Wu J, Zhu L, Guo X, Liu F, Zhang M. Tuning Aggregation Behavior of Polymer Donor
via
Molecular‐Weight
Control for Achieving 17.1% Efficiency Inverted Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jin Fang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jingnan Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xia Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Feng Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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130
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Dolynchuk O, Schmode P, Fischer M, Thelakkat M, Thurn-Albrecht T. Elucidating the Effect of Interfacial Interactions on Crystal Orientations in Thin Films of Polythiophenes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Dolynchuk
- Experimental Polymer Physics, Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Philip Schmode
- Applied Functional Polymers, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Experimental Polymer Physics, Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mukundan Thelakkat
- Applied Functional Polymers, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
- Experimental Polymer Physics, Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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131
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Li QY, Yao ZF, Wang JY, Pei J. Multi-level aggregation of conjugated small molecules and polymers: from morphology control to physical insights. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:076601. [PMID: 33887704 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abfaad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of molecules is a multi-molecular phenomenon occurring when two or more molecules behave differently from discrete molecules due to their intermolecular interactions. Moving beyond single molecules, aggregation usually demonstrates evolutive or wholly emerging new functionalities relative to the molecular components. Conjugated small molecules and polymers interact with each other, resulting in complex solution-state aggregates and solid-state microstructures. Optoelectronic properties of conjugated small molecules and polymers are sensitively determined by their aggregation states across a broad range of spatial scales. This review focused on the aggregation ranging from molecular structure, intermolecular interactions, solution-state assemblies, and solid-state microstructures of conjugated small molecules and polymers. We addressed the importance of such aggregation in filling the gaps from the molecular level to device functions and highlighted the multi-scale structures and properties at different scales. From the view of multi-level aggregation behaviors, we divided the whole process from the molecule to devices into several parts: molecular design, solvation, solution-state aggregation, crystal engineering, and solid-state microstructures. We summarized the progress and challenges of relationships between optoelectronic properties and multi-level aggregation. We believe aggregation science will become an interdisciplinary research field and serves as a general platform to develop future materials with the desired functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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132
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Zhao ZW, Omar ÖH, Padula D, Geng Y, Troisi A. Computational Identification of Novel Families of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Modification of Known Compounds. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5009-5015. [PMID: 34018746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We considered a database of tens of thousands of known organic semiconductors and identified those compounds with computed electronic properties (orbital energies, excited state energies, and oscillator strengths) that would make them suitable as nonfullerene electron acceptors in organic solar cells. The range of parameters for the desirable acceptors is determined from a set of experimentally characterized high-efficiency nonfullerene acceptors. This search leads to ∼30 lead compounds never considered before for organic photovoltaic applications. We then proceed to modify these compounds to bring their computed solubility in line with that of the best small-molecule nonfullerene acceptors. A further refinement of the search can be based on additional properties like the reorganization energy for chemical reduction. This simple strategy, which relies on a few easily computable parameters and can be expanded to a larger set of molecules, enables the identification of completely new chemical families to be explored experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Zhao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Ömer H Omar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Daniele Padula
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Yun Geng
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Alessandro Troisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
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133
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Xie L, Zhang J, Song W, Hong L, Ge J, Wen P, Tang B, Wu T, Zhang X, Li Y, Ge Z. Understanding the Effect of Sequential Deposition Processing for High-Efficient Organic Photovoltaics to Harvest Sunlight and Artificial Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20405-20416. [PMID: 33878270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the market of the Internet of Things (IoT) increases, great attention has been paid to the development of high-efficient organic photovoltaics (OPVs) utilizing artificial light. However, in a real indoor condition, the power density contribution of the artificial light cannot exceed 35% in the combination of indoor and outdoor irradiation, which indicates that the illumination of sunlight cannot be ignored during daytime. Hence, it is urgent to develop high-efficient OPVs in indoor conditions taking into account both sunlight and artificial light. In this work, a novel asymmetric molecule TB-4F was synthesized to trade-off the absorption spectrum that can be applied under both artificial light and sunlight. In conventional bulk-heterojunction (C-BHJ), it was figured out that due to nonoptimal morphology some carriers failed to be efficiently collected. Herein, a sequential deposition bulk-heterojunction (SD-BHJ) as an alternative fabrication method successfully enhanced the performance of OPVs, under both artificial light and sunlight, which was attributed to the favorable microstructure being vertically distributed in the active layer. Notably, the PCE was significantly increased by 25% for SD-BHJ compared to C-BHJ under artificial light, owing to the strong effect of trap-assisted recombination and dark current on PCE in the condition of low carrier density. Our result indicates that an asymmetric molecule with a blue-shifted spectrum fabricated by SD-BHJ can be a promising candidate that can be applied in indoor environments to harvest sunlight and artificial light simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jingshen Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Pan Wen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Zhejiang Business Technology Institute, Ningbo 315012, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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134
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A comparative study of PffBT4T-2OD/EH-IDTBR and PffBT4T-2OD/PC71BM organic photovoltaic heterojunctions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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135
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Chu JY, Lin CY, Tu TH, Hong SH, Chang YY, Yang CW, Chan YT, Liu CL, Komarov PV, Tung SH. Methyl-Branched Side Chains on Polythiophene Suppress Chain Mobility and Crystallization to Enhance Photovoltaic Performance. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Chu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Huan Hong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ying Chang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pavel V. Komarov
- Tver State University, Tver 170100 Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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136
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Cohen AE, Jackson NE, de Pablo JJ. Anisotropic Coarse-Grained Model for Conjugated Polymers: Investigations into Solution Morphologies. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Cohen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nicholas E. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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137
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Jacobs IE, Bedolla-Valdez ZI, Rotondo BT, Bilsky DJ, Lewis R, Ayala Oviedo AN, Gonel G, Armitage J, Li J, Moulé AJ. Super-Resolution Photothermal Patterning in Conductive Polymers Enabled by Thermally Activated Solubility. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7006-7020. [PMID: 33733736 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Doping-induced solubility control (DISC) patterning is a recently developed technique that uses the change in polymer solubility upon doping, along with an optical dedoping process, to achieve high-resolution optical patterning. DISC patterning can produce features smaller than predicted by the diffraction limit; however, no mechanism has been proposed to explain such high resolution. Here, we use diffraction to spatially modulate the light intensity and determine the dissolution rate, revealing a superlinear dependence on light intensity. This rate law is independent of wavelength, indicating that patterning resolution is not dominated by an optical dedoping reaction, as was previously proposed. Instead we show here that the optical patterning mechanism is primarily controlled by the thermal profile generated by the laser. To quantify this effect, the thermal profile and dissolution rate are modeled using a finite-element model and compared against patterned line cross sections as a function of wavelength, laser intensity, and dwell time. Our model reveals that although the laser-generated thermal profile is broadened considerably beyond the profile of the laser, the highly temperature dependent dissolution rate results in selective dissolution near the peak of the thermal profile. Therefore, the key factor in achieving super-resolution patterning is a strongly temperature dependent dissolution rate, a common feature of many polymers. In addition to suggesting several routes to improved resolution, our model also demonstrates that doping is not required for optical patterning of conjugated polymers, as was previously believed. Instead, we demonstrate that superlinear resolution optical patterning should be attainable in any conjugated polymer simply by tuning the solvent quality during patterning, thus extending the applicability of our method to a wide class of materials. We demonstrate the generality of photothermal patterning by writing sub-400 nm features into undoped PffBT4T-2OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian E Jacobs
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Zaira I Bedolla-Valdez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Brandon T Rotondo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - David J Bilsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ryan Lewis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alejandra N Ayala Oviedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Goktug Gonel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - John Armitage
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Adam J Moulé
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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138
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Zhan J, Wang L, Zhang M, Zhu L, Hao T, Zhou G, Zhou Z, Chen J, Zhong W, Qiu C, Leng S, Zou Y, Shi Z, Zhu H, Feng W, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhang Y, Liu F. Manipulating Crystallization Kinetics of Conjugated Polymers in Nonfullerene Photovoltaic Blends toward Refined Morphologies and Higher Performances. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Zhan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guanqing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zichun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shifeng Leng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yecheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials Company, Zibo, Shandong 256401, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Shi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials Company, Zibo, Shandong 256401, P. R. China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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139
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Non-equivalent D-A copolymerization strategy towards highly efficient polymer donor for polymer solar cells. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-9988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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140
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Xiong M, Yan X, Li J, Zhang S, Cao Z, Prine N, Lu Y, Wang J, Gu X, Lei T. Efficient n‐Doping of Polymeric Semiconductors through Controlling the Dynamics of Solution‐State Polymer Aggregates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jia‐Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Nathaniel Prine
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jie‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Ting Lei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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141
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Levitsky A, Schneider SA, Rabkin E, Toney MF, Frey GL. Bridging the thermodynamics and kinetics of temperature-induced morphology evolution in polymer/fullerene organic solar cell bulk heterojunction. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1272-1285. [PMID: 34821920 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The performance of organic solar cells (OSC) critically depends on the morphology of the active layer. After deposition, the active layer is in a metastable state and prone to changes that lead to cell degradation. Here, a high efficiency fullerene:polymer blend is used as a model system to follow the temperature-induced morphology evolution through a series of thermal annealing treatments. Electron microscopy analysis of the nano-scale phase evolution during the early stages of thermal annealing revealed that spinodal decomposition, i.e. spontaneous phase separation with no nucleation stage, is possibly responsible for the formation of a fine scale bicontinuous structure. In the later evolution stages, large polycrystalline fullerene aggregates are formed. Optical microscopy and scattering revealed that aggregate-growth follows the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation indicating a heterogeneous transformation process, i.e., through nucleation and growth. These two mechanisms, spinodal decomposition vs. nucleation and growth, are mutually exclusive and their co-existence is surprising. This unexpected observation is resolved by introducing a metastable monotectic phase diagram and showing that the morphology evolution goes through two distinct and consecutive transformation processes where spinodal decomposition of the amorphous donor:acceptor blend is followed by nucleation and growth of crystalline acceptor aggregates. Finally, this unified thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism allows us to correlate the morphology evolution with OSC degradation during thermal annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Levitsky
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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142
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Xiao M, Carey RL, Chen H, Jiao X, Lemaur V, Schott S, Nikolka M, Jellett C, Sadhanala A, Rogers S, Senanayak SP, Onwubiko A, Han S, Zhang Z, Abdi-Jalebi M, Zhang Y, Thomas TH, Mahmoudi N, Lai L, Selezneva E, Ren X, Nguyen M, Wang Q, Jacobs I, Yue W, McNeill CR, Liu G, Beljonne D, McCulloch I, Sirringhaus H. Charge transport physics of a unique class of rigid-rod conjugated polymers with fused-ring conjugated units linked by double carbon-carbon bonds. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe5280. [PMID: 33910909 PMCID: PMC8081371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe5280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the charge transport physics of a previously unidentified class of electron-deficient conjugated polymers that do not contain any single bonds linking monomer units along the backbone but only double-bond linkages. Such polymers would be expected to behave as rigid rods, but little is known about their actual chain conformations and electronic structure. Here, we present a detailed study of the structural and charge transport properties of a family of four such polymers. By adopting a copolymer design, we achieve high electron mobilities up to 0.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 Field-induced electron spin resonance measurements of charge dynamics provide evidence for relatively slow hopping over, however, long distances. Our work provides important insights into the factors that limit charge transport in this unique class of polymers and allows us to identify molecular design strategies for achieving even higher levels of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Xiao
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Remington L Carey
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Hu Chen
- KSC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, BE-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sam Schott
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mark Nikolka
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Cameron Jellett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Aditya Sadhanala
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Satyaprasad P Senanayak
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Ada Onwubiko
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sanyang Han
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Zhilong Zhang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Youcheng Zhang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tudor H Thomas
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Lianglun Lai
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ekaterina Selezneva
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Xinglong Ren
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Malgorzata Nguyen
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Qijing Wang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Ian Jacobs
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Wan Yue
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Christopher R McNeill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Guoming Liu
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, BE-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Iain McCulloch
- KSC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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143
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Kim JY. Phase Diagrams of Ternary π-Conjugated Polymer Solutions for Organic Photovoltaics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:983. [PMID: 33806946 PMCID: PMC8004777 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase diagrams of ternary conjugated polymer solutions were constructed based on Flory-Huggins lattice theory with a constant interaction parameter. For this purpose, the poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) solution as a model system was investigated as a function of temperature, molecular weight (or chain length), solvent species, processing additives, and electron-accepting small molecules. Then, other high-performance conjugated polymers such as PTB7 and PffBT4T-2OD were also studied in the same vein of demixing processes. Herein, the liquid-liquid phase transition is processed through the nucleation and growth of the metastable phase or the spontaneous spinodal decomposition of the unstable phase. Resultantly, the versatile binodal, spinodal, tie line, and critical point were calculated depending on the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter as well as the relative molar volume of each component. These findings may pave the way to rationally understand the phase behavior of solvent-polymer-fullerene (or nonfullerene) systems at the interface of organic photovoltaics and molecular thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yong Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Post Office Box 378 Jimma, Ethiopia
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144
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10137-10146. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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145
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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146
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Chen T, Karapala VK, Chen J, Hsu C. Recent advances of carbazole‐based
nonfullerene
acceptors: Molecular design, optoelectronic properties, and photovoltaic performance in organic solar cells. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung‐Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Vamsi Krishna Karapala
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Jiun‐Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chain‐Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
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147
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Venkateswararao A, Wong KT. Small Molecules for Vacuum-Processed Organic Photovoltaics: Past, Current Status, and Prospect. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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148
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Xiong M, Yan X, Li JT, Zhang S, Cao Z, Prine N, Lu Y, Wang JY, Gu X, Lei T. Efficient n-Doping of Polymeric Semiconductors through Controlling the Dynamics of Solution-State Polymer Aggregates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8189-8197. [PMID: 33403799 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Doping of polymeric semiconductors limits the miscibility between polymers and dopants. Although significant efforts have been devoted to enhancing miscibility through chemical modification, the electrical conductivities of n-doped polymeric semiconductors are usually below 10 S cm-1 . We report a different approach to overcome the miscibility issue by modulating the solution-state aggregates of conjugated polymers. We found that the solution-state aggregates of conjugated polymers not only changed with solvent and temperature but also changed with solution aging time. Modulating the solution-state polymer aggregates can directly influence their solid-state microstructures and miscibility with dopants. As a result, both high doping efficiency and high charge-carrier mobility were simultaneously obtained. The n-doped electrical conductivity of P(PzDPP-CT2) can be tuned up to 32.1 S cm-1 . This method can also be used to improve the doping efficiency of other polymer systems (e.g. N2200) with different aggregation tendencies and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jia-Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Nathaniel Prine
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Ting Lei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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149
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Wang J, Ma H, Liu Y, Xie Z, Fan Z. MXene-Based Humidity-Responsive Actuators: Preparation and Properties. Chempluschem 2021; 86:406-417. [PMID: 33645899 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Water is a significant and abundant resource as well as a pure natural energy source. Many researchers have been reported on humidity-responsive actuators that mimick the humidity responsive behavior that widely exists in nature. Benefiting from advantages such as hydrophilicity, high electrical conductivity, and good dispersibility, MXenes (Ti3 C2 Tx ) show promising performance when applied to humidity-responsive actuators. This Minireview describes the preparation methods and structural characteristics of MXenes, and the mechanism of humidity-responsive actuators. Recent important advances of MXene materials in actuators are objectively reviewed and evaluated, and existing issues are discussed. In addition, the development of these systems is outlined from the aspects of MXene preparation, structure control, design and assembly, and applications, and provides new ideas and guidance for the development of the next generation of high-performance MXene-based humidity-responsive actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion, and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Haoxiang Ma
- Deep Sea Engineering Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, 572000, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion, and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology, on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Fan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion, and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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150
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Yao ZF, Zheng YQ, Dou JH, Lu Y, Ding YF, Ding L, Wang JY, Pei J. Approaching Crystal Structure and High Electron Mobility in Conjugated Polymer Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006794. [PMID: 33501736 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers usually form crystallized and amorphous regions in the solid state simultaneously, making it difficult to accurately determine their precise microstructures. The lack of multiscale microstructures of conjugated polymers limits the fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationships in polymer-based optoelectronic devices. Here, crystals of two typical conjugated polymers based on four-fluorinated benzodifurandione-based oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) (F4 BDOPV) and naphthalenediimide (NDI) motifs, respectively, are obtained by a controlled self-assembly process. The strong diffractivity of the polymer crystals brings an opportunity to determine the crystal structures by combining X-ray techniques and molecular simulations. The precise polymer packing structures are useful as initial models to evaluate the charge transport properties in the ordered and disordered phases. Compared to the spin-coated thin films, the highly oriented polymer chains in crystals endow higher mobilities with a lower hopping energy barrier. Microwire crystal transistors of F4 BDOPV- and NDI-based polymers exhibit high electron mobilities of up to 5.58 and 2.56 cm2 V-1 s-1 , respectively, which are among the highest values in polymer crystals. This work presents a simple method to obtain polymer crystals and their precise microstructures, promoting a deep understanding of molecular packing and charge transport for conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin-Hu Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yi-Fan Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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