101
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Charles WZ, Faries CR, Street YT, Flowers LS, McNaughton B. Antibody‐Recruitment as a Therapeutic Strategy: A Brief History and Recent Advances. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200092. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brian McNaughton
- Delaware State University Delaware Institute for Science and Technology 1200 N Dupont Hwy 19901 Dover UNITED STATES
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102
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Abstract
Targeted therapies have come to play an increasingly important role in cancer therapy over the past two decades. This success has been made possible in large part by technological advances in sequencing, which have greatly advanced our understanding of the mutational landscape of human cancer and the genetic drivers present in individual tumors. We are rapidly discovering a growing number of mutations that occur in targetable pathways, and thus tumor genetic testing has become an important component in the choice of appropriate therapies. Targeted therapy has dramatically transformed treatment outcomes and disease prognosis in some settings, whereas in other oncologic contexts, targeted approaches have yet to demonstrate considerable clinical efficacy. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge of targetable mutations that occur in a range of cancers, including hematologic malignancies and solid tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer and breast cancer. We outline seminal examples of druggable mutations and targeting modalities and address the clinical and research challenges that must be overcome to maximize therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Waarts
- Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies
- Center for Epigenetics Research, and
| | - Aaron J. Stonestrom
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies
- Center for Epigenetics Research, and
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Young C. Park
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies
- Center for Epigenetics Research, and
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies
- Center for Epigenetics Research, and
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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103
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Zhang J, Hu L, Shao H. Research Progress on Quantification Methods of Drug Concentration of Monoclonal Antibodies. CURR PHARM ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412918666220329110712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
With the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from the first generation of mice to the fourth generation of human origin, the efficacy and safety in the treatment of many diseases have been continuously improved. MAbs have been widely used in the treatment of cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases, and so on. However, the treatment response of mAbs varies greatly among individuals, and drug exposure may be affected by a variety of physiological and pathological factors, such as combined use of drugs and progression of disease. Therefore, studies tend to recommend therapeutic drug monitoring and individualized treatment strategies.
Objective:
In this paper, the commonly used methods of quantification of monoclonal antibodies were reviewed, especially liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to provide technical support for therapeutic drug detection and individualize dosing for patients.
Conclusion:
For patients achieving mAbs treatment, it is necessary to carry out therapeutic drug monitoring and take it as a routine monitoring index. We recommend that for pharmaceutical laboratories in hospitals, establishing an appropriate assay formats, such as ELISA and LC-MS/MS is critical to determine drug concentration and antidrug antibody (ADA) for mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Hu
- Office of Medication Clinical Institution, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China;
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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104
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Saad AA. Targeting cancer-associated glycans as a therapeutic strategy in leukemia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2049901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abdullah Saad
- Unit of Pediatric Hematologic Oncology and BMT, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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105
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Yuksel N, Tektas S. Molecularly imprinted polymers: preparation, characterisation, and application in drug delivery systems. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:176-196. [PMID: 35319325 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2055185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting technology defines the creation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) molecules in which template molecules can place in a key-lock relationship through shape, diameter, and functional groups. Although molecular imprinting technology has been employed in different fields, its applications in drug delivery systems (DDSs) have gained momentum recently. The high loading efficiency, high stability, and controlled drug release are the primary advantages of MIPs. Here, the main components, preparation methods, and characterisation tests of MIPs are summarised, and their applications in DDSs administered by different routes are evaluated in detail. The review offers a perspective on molecular imprinting technology and applications of MIPs in drug delivery by surveying the literature approximately 1998-2021 together with the outlined prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Yuksel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Tektas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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106
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Zhang S, Yan C, Millar DG, Yang Q, Heather JM, Langenbucher A, Morton LT, Sepulveda S, Alpert E, Whelton LR, Zarrella DT, Guo M, Minogue E, Lawrence MS, Rueda BR, Spriggs DR, Lu W, Langenau DM, Cobbold M. Antibody-Peptide Epitope Conjugates for Personalized Cancer Therapy. Cancer Res 2022; 82:773-784. [PMID: 34965933 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-peptide epitope conjugates (APEC) are a new class of modified antibody-drug conjugates that redirect T-cell viral immunity against tumor cells. APECs contain a tumor-specific protease cleavage site linked to a patient-specific viral epitope, resulting in presentation of viral epitopes on cancer cells and subsequent recruitment and killing by CD8+ T cells. Here we developed an experimental pipeline to create patient-specific APECs and identified new preclinical therapies for ovarian carcinoma. Using functional assessment of viral peptide antigen responses to common viruses like cytomegalovirus (CMV) in patients with ovarian cancer, a library of 192 APECs with distinct protease cleavage sequences was created using the anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibody. Each APEC was tested for in vitro cancer cell killing, and top candidates were screened for killing xenograft tumors grown in zebrafish and mice. These preclinical modeling studies identified EpCAM-MMP7-CMV APEC (EpCAM-MC) as a potential new immunotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. Importantly, EpCAM-MC also demonstrated robust T-cell responses in primary ovarian carcinoma patient ascites samples. This work highlights a robust, customizable platform to rapidly develop patient-specific APECs. SIGNIFICANCE This study develops a high-throughput preclinical platform to identify patient-specific antibody-peptide epitope conjugates that target cancer cells and demonstrates the potential of this immunotherapy approach for treating ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songfa Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases & Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Chuan Yan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - David G Millar
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Qiqi Yang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - James M Heather
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Adam Langenbucher
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sean Sepulveda
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Eric Alpert
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren R Whelton
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Dominique T Zarrella
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mei Guo
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Eleanor Minogue
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Michael S Lawrence
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David R Spriggs
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases & Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - David M Langenau
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Mark Cobbold
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
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107
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Suh K, Kyei I, Hage DS. Approaches for the detection and analysis of anti-drug antibodies to biopharmaceuticals: A review. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2077-2092. [PMID: 35230731 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-based therapeutic agents and other biopharmaceuticals are now used in the treatment of many diseases. However, when these biopharmaceuticals are administrated to patients, an immune reaction may occur that can reduce the drug's efficacy and lead to adverse side effects. The immunogenicity of biopharmaceuticals can be evaluated by detecting and measuring antibodies that have been produced against these drugs, or anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). Methods for ADA detection and analysis can be important during the selection of a therapeutic approach based on such drugs and is crucial when developing and testing new biopharmaceuticals. This review examines approaches that have been used for ADA detection, measurement, and characterization. Many of these approaches are based on immunoassays and antigen binding tests, including homogeneous mobility shift assays. Other techniques that have been used for the analysis of ADAs are capillary electrophoresis, reporter gene assays, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The general principles of each approach will be discussed, along with their recent applications with regards to ADA analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungah Suh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Isaac Kyei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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108
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Zheng N, Fleming J, Hu P, Jiao J, Zhang G, Yang R, Li C, Liu Y, Bi L, Zhang H. CD84 is a Suppressor of T and B Cell Activation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pathogenesis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0155721. [PMID: 35196822 PMCID: PMC8865571 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01557-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in host-directed therapies as alternatives/adjuncts to antibiotic treatment has resurged with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Immunotherapies that reinvigorate immune responses by targeting immune checkpoints like PD-1/PD-L1 have proved successful in cancer therapy. Immune cell inhibitory receptors that trigger Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific immunosuppression, however, are unknown. Here, we show that the levels of CD84, a SLAM family receptor, increase in T and B cells in lung tissues from M. tuberculosis-infected C57BL/6 mice and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pulmonary TB patients. M. tuberculosis challenge experiments using CD84-deficient C57BL/6 mice suggest that CD84 expression likely leads to T and B cell immunosuppression during M. tuberculosis pathogenesis and also plays an inhibitory role in B cell activation. Importantly, CD84-deficient mice showed improved M. tuberculosis clearance and longer survival than M. tuberculosis-infected wild-type (WT) mice. That CD84 is a putative M. tuberculosis infection-specific inhibitory receptor suggests it may be a suitable target for the development of TB-specific checkpoint immunotherapies. IMPORTANCE Immune checkpoint therapies, such as targeting checkpoints like PD-1/PD-L1, have proved successful in cancer therapy and can reinvigorate immune responses. The potential of this approach for treating chronic infectious diseases like TB has been recognized, but a lack of suitable immunotherapeutic targets, i.e., immune cell inhibitory receptors that trigger immunosuppression specifically during Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis, has limited the application of this strategy in the development of new TB therapies. Our focus in this study was to address this gap and search for an M. tuberculosis-specific checkpoint target. Our results suggest that CD84 is a putative inhibitory receptor that may be a suitable target for the development of TB-specific checkpoint immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joy Fleming
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peilei Hu
- Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianjian Jiao
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyou Li
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Bi
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center of Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of TB Systems Biology and Translational Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongtai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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109
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Raikwar S, Jain A, Saraf S, Bidla PD, Panda PK, Tiwari A, Verma A, Jain SK. Opportunities in combinational chemo-immunotherapy for breast cancer using nanotechnology: an emerging landscape. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:247-268. [PMID: 35184620 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2044785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast carcinoma (BC) is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death among women, which is due to the poor response to conventional therapy. There are several complications associated with monotherapy for cancer, such as cytotoxicity to normal cells, multidrug resistance (MDR), side effects, and limited applications. To overcome these challenges, a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy (monoclonal antibodies, anticancer vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, and cytokines) has been introduced. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on nanotechnology have more applications in BC treatment owing to their controlled and targeted drug release with lower toxicity and reduced adverse drug effects. Several nanocarriers, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and micelles, have been used for the effective delivery of drugs. AREAS COVERED This article presents opportunities and challenges in BC treatment, the rationale for cancer immunotherapy, and several combinational approaches with their applications for BC treatment. EXPERT OPINION Nanotechnology can be used for the early prognosis and cure of BC. Several novel and targeted DDSs have been developed to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. This article aims to understand new strategies for the treatment of BC and the appropriate design of nanocarriers used as a combinational DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarjana Raikwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivani Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Pooja Das Bidla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Pritish Kumar Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Ankita Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (M.P.), India
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110
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Diniz F, Coelho P, Duarte HO, Sarmento B, Reis CA, Gomes J. Glycans as Targets for Drug Delivery in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040911. [PMID: 35205658 PMCID: PMC8870586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Alterations in glycosylation are frequently observed in cancer cells. Different strategies have been proposed to increase drug delivery to the tumor site in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy of anti-cancer drugs and avoid collateral cytotoxicity. The exploitation of drug delivery approaches directed to cancer-associated glycans has the potential to pave the way for better and more efficient personalized treatment practices. Such strategies taking advantage of aberrant cell surface glycosylation patterns enhance the targeting efficiency and optimize the delivery of clinically used drugs to cancer cells, with major potential for the clinical applications. Abstract Innovative strategies have been proposed to increase drug delivery to the tumor site and avoid cytotoxicity, improving the therapeutic efficacy of well-established anti-cancer drugs. Alterations in normal glycosylation processes are frequently observed in cancer cells and the resulting cell surface aberrant glycans can be used as direct molecular targets for drug delivery. In the present review, we address the development of strategies, such as monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates and nanoparticles that specific and selectively target cancer-associated glycans in tumor cells. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery encompasses novel applications in cancer therapy, including vaccines encapsulated in synthetic nanoparticles and specific nanoparticles that target glycoproteins or glycan-binding proteins. Here, we highlight their potential to enhance targeting approaches and to optimize the delivery of clinically approved drugs to the tumor microenvironment, paving the way for improved personalized treatment approaches with major potential importance for the pharmaceutical and clinical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Diniz
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coelho
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique O. Duarte
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU—Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (J.G.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (C.A.R. & J.G.)
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (J.G.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (C.A.R. & J.G.)
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111
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Yang B, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang XY, Qin S, Du L, Yang C, Zhu L, Sun W, Zhu Y, Zheng Q, Zhao S, Wang Q, Zhao L, Lin Y, Huang J, Wu F, Lu L, Wang F, Zheng W, Zhou XH, Zhao X, Wang Z, Sun X, Ye Y, Wang S, Li Z, Qi H, Zhang Z, Kuang DM, Zhang L, Shen Z, Liu W. An Asian-specific variant in human IgG1 represses colorectal tumorigenesis by shaping the tumor microenvironment. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:153454. [PMID: 35133976 PMCID: PMC8920342 DOI: 10.1172/jci153454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have focused on ways to treat cancers by modulating T cell activation. However, whether B cell receptor signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can be harnessed for immunotherapy is unclear. Here, we report that an Asia-specific variant of human IgG1 containing a Gly396 to Arg396 substitution (hIgG1-G396R) conferred improved survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Mice with knockin of the murine functional homolog mIgG2c-G400R recapitulated the alleviated tumorigenesis and progression in murine colon carcinoma models. Immune profiling of the TME revealed broad mobilizations of IgG1+ plasma cells, CD8+ T cells, CD103+ DCs, and active tertiary lymphoid structure formation, suggesting an effective antitumor microenvironment in hIgG1-G396R CRC patients. Mechanistically, this variant potentiated tumor-associated antigen–specific (TAA-specific) plasma cell differentiation and thus antibody production. These elevated TAA-specific IgG2c antibodies in turn efficiently boosted the antibody-dependent tumor cell phagocytosis and TAA presentation to effector CD8+ T cells. Notably, adoptive transfer of TAA-specific class-switched memory B cells harboring this variant exhibited therapeutic efficacy in murine tumor models, indicating their clinical potential. All these results prompted a prospective investigation of hIgG1-G396R in patients with CRC as a biomarker for clinical prognosis and demonstrated that manipulating the functionality of IgG1+ memory B cells in tumors could improve immunotherapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shishang Qin
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liaoqi Du
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinwen Zheng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shidong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghe Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhou
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziye Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People's Hospital Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Qi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zemin Zhang
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Ming Kuang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanlong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Nakamura K, Asanuma K, Okamoto T, Yoshida K, Matsuyama Y, Kita K, Hagi T, Nakamura T, Sudo A. GPR64, Screened from Ewing Sarcoma Cells, Is a Potential Target for Antibody-Based Therapy for Various Sarcomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030814. [PMID: 35159080 PMCID: PMC8834492 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary New strategies for immunotherapy have led to an increased interest in tumor-specific antigens on the cell surface in the field of oncology. Identifying markers in sarcomas is difficult because their tumor mutation burden is less than that of carcinomas. We assumed that a target protein may be acceptable as a therapeutic target, even if it is only expressed in the epididymis along with the tumor, because the epididymis has special barriers, known as the blood–epididymis barrier (BEB). We identified GPR64 as a therapeutic target for Ewing sarcoma via next-generation RNA-sequencing. GPR64 is located on the apical membranes of efferent ductules and separated from antibodies by the BEB. This study revealed, for the first time, that anti-GPR64 antibodies accumulate in various sarcomas and avoid targeting GPR64 in the epididymis in vivo. Furthermore, GPR64 is widely expressed in various sarcomas and is, therefore, a potential antibody-based therapeutic target for sarcomas. Abstract Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive and the second most common bone tumor in adolescent and young adult patients. The 5-year survival rate is 60–70% for localized disease but 30% for patients with metastases. Here, we aimed to identify a therapeutic target for Ewing sarcoma and evaluate antibody-based therapeutic agents using in vitro and in vivo models. We identified G protein-coupled receptor 64 (GPR64) as a therapeutic target for Ewing sarcoma via next-generation RNA-sequencing. GPR64v205 mRNA was expressed in HTB166, A673, MG63, 143B, HS-Sy II, and HT1080 cell lines as well as in Ewing sarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, and synovial sarcoma tissues. GPR64 expression was observed in 62.5% of sarcoma cases and was overexpressed in 33.9% cases. GPR64-specific monoclonal antibodies were tested as near-infrared probes for in vivo imaging using subcutaneous tumor mouse xenografts. Fluorescence intensity was stronger for the AF700-labeled anti-GPR64 antibody than that for the AF700-labeled isotype control antibody. GPR64 was detected in engrafted tumors of A673, 143B, HT1080, and the epididymis but not in other resected tissues. The anti-GPR64 antibody showed excellent binding to GPR64-positive tumors but not to healthy tissues. This antibody has potential for drug delivery in the antibody-based treatment of sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Kunihiro Asanuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-231-5022
| | - Takayuki Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan;
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Yumi Matsuyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Kouji Kita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Tomohito Hagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Tomoki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.N.); (A.S.)
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Ebrahimi M, Balibegloo M, Rezaei N. Monoclonal antibodies in diabetic retinopathy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:163-178. [PMID: 35105268 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2037420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic retinopathy (DR), as one of the main complications of diabetes, is among the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. AREAS COVERED Current clinical therapies include photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies. Bevacizumab and ranibizumab are two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) inhibiting angiogenesis. Intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab can decrease the rate of blindness and retinal thickness, and improve visual acuity whether as monotherapy or combined with other treatments. They can increase the efficacy of other treatments and decrease their adverse events. Although administered intravitreally, they also might enter the circulation and cause systemic effects. This study is aimed to review our current knowledge about mAbs, bevacizumab and ranibizumab, in DR including superiorities, challenges, and limitations. Meanwhile, we tried to shed light on new ideas to overcome these limitations. Our latest search was done in April 2021 mainly through PubMed and Google Scholar. Relevant clinical studies were imported. EXPERT OPINION Future direction includes detection of more therapeutic targets considering other components of DR pathophysiology and shared pathogenesis of DR and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, the treat-and-extend regimen, and new ways of drug delivery and other routes of ocular drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ebrahimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA),Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Balibegloo
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA),Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA),Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Makuku R, Seyedmirzaei H, Tantuoyir MM, Rodríguez-Román E, Albahash A, Mohamed K, Moyo E, Ahmed AO, Razi S, Rezaei N. Exploring the application of immunotherapy against HIV infection in the setting of malignancy: A detailed review article. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108580. [PMID: 35121225 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), as of 2019, approximately 42.2 million people have died from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced mortality, morbidity, and incidence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS-defining cancers, taming once-dreaded disease into a benign chronic infection. Although the treatment has prolonged the patients' survival, general HIV prevalence has increased and this increase has dovetailed with an increasing incidence of Non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) among people living with HIV (PLWH). This is happening when new promising approaches in both oncology and HIV infection are being developed. This review focuses on recent progress witnessed in immunotherapy approaches against HIV-related, Non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs), and HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangarirai Makuku
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Marcarious M Tantuoyir
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Accra, Ghana; Biomedical Engineering Unit, University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC), Accra, Ghana
| | - Eduardo Rodríguez-Román
- Center for Microbiology and Cell Biology, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Assil Albahash
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kawthar Mohamed
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ernest Moyo
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yuan P, Yang F, Liew SS, Yan J, Dong X, Wang J, Du S, Mao X, Gao L, Yao SQ. Intracellular Co-delivery of native antibody and siRNA for combination therapy by using biodegradable silica nanocapsules. Biomaterials 2022; 281:121376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor as Target for Perioperative Elimination of Circulating Colorectal Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3577928. [PMID: 35035479 PMCID: PMC8759909 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3577928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resection of the tumor is the primary treatment of colorectal cancer patients. However, we previously demonstrated that abdominal surgery promotes the adherence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the liver and subsequent liver metastasis development. Importantly, preoperative treatment with specific tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) prevented surgery-induced liver metastasis development in rats. This study investigated whether the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents a suitable target for preoperative antibody treatment of colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery. The majority of patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases were shown to have EGFR + CTCs. Three different anti-EGFR mAbs (cetuximab, zalutumumab, and panitumumab) were equally efficient in the opsonization of tumor cell lines. Additionally, all three mAbs induced antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) of tumor cells by macrophages at low antibody concentrations in vitro, independent of mutations in EGFR signaling pathways. The plasma of cetuximab-treated patients efficiently opsonized tumor cells ex vivo and induced phagocytosis. Furthermore, neither proliferation nor migration of epithelial cells was affected in vitro, supporting that wound healing will not be hampered by treatment with low anti-EGFR mAb concentrations. These data support the use of a low dose of anti-EGFR mAbs prior to resection of the tumor to eliminate CTCs without interfering with the healing of the anastomosis. Ultimately, this may reduce the risk of metastasis development, consequently improving long-term patient outcome significantly.
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117
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Khan E, Shrestha AK, Elkhooly M, Wilson H, Ebbert M, Srivastava S, Wen S, Rollins S, Sriwastava S. CNS and PNS manifestation in immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review. J Neurol Sci 2022; 432:120089. [PMID: 34942546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunomodulatory therapies, including the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have made a profound impact on treatment of advanced cancers in recent decades. Neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) related to use of these agents are rare but potentially fatal sequelae. This systematic reviewed aimed to describe onset, clinical features, treatment, and outcome of neurological irAEs following ICI usage. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify all case reports (n = 168) and case series (n = 29) describing neurological irAEs (n = 255 patients). Patient demographics, clinical features, and clinical courses were extracted and used to assess statistical relationships between reported variables. RESULTS Of reports describing neurological irAEs related to ICI use, the majority of cases were in men (66%) and patients above the age of fifty (85%). Disorders of the peripheral nervous system (PNS, 83%) were more common than central nervous system involvement. Neuromuscular disorders were the most common type of neurological irAE (e.g. myasthenia gravis, 36%), followed by peripheral neuropathies (16%), followed by all CNS disorders combined (15%). Most cases presented within the first 5 doses of ICI treatment. Most patients improved clinically, but 24% of cases were fatal. Mortality was highest in patients with neuromuscular irAEs, such as myasthenia gravis and myositis. CONCLUSION This systematic literature review describes the largest collection of neurological irAEs to date including both CNS and PNS manifestations of ICIs. The information described herein can be used to better inform monitoring and treatment of patients undergoing treatment with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Khan
- B.J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | | | - Hannah Wilson
- West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | - Michael Ebbert
- Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | | | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | - Steven Rollins
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | - Shitiz Sriwastava
- West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America; Depratment of Neurology, Wayne State University, United States of America; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV, United States of America.
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Stephen B, Hajjar J. Immune System in Action. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1342:1-43. [PMID: 34972961 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79308-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells is found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stromal or lymphoid component of the tumor. The immune infiltrate is heterogeneous and varies within a patient and between patients of the same tumor histology. The location, density, functionality, and the crosstalk between the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment influence the nature of immune response, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of the immune cells and their role in tumor immune surveillance is of paramount importance to identify immune targets and to develop novel immune therapeutics in the war against cancer. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the individual components of the human immune system and the translational relevance of predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettzy Stephen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Joud Hajjar
- Assistant Professor, Service Chief of Adult Allergy & Immunology, Division of Immunology, Allergy & Retrovirology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children' Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Standing D, Dandawate P, Anant S. Prolactin receptor signaling: A novel target for cancer treatment - Exploring anti-PRLR signaling strategies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1112987. [PMID: 36714582 PMCID: PMC9880166 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone mainly secreted from the anterior pituitary gland. PRL is reported to play a role in pregnancy, mammary gland development, immune modulation, reproduction, and differentiation of islet cells. PRL binds to its receptor PRLR, which belongs to a superfamily of the class I cytokine receptor that has no intrinsic kinase activity. In canonical signaling, PRL binding to PRLR induces downstream signaling including JAK-STAT, AKT and MAPK pathways. This leads to increased cell proliferation, stemness, migration, apoptosis inhibition, and resistance to chemotherapy. PRL-signaling is upregulated in numerous hormone-dependent cancers including breast, prostate, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. However, more recently, the pathway has been reported to play a tumor-promoting role in other cancer types such as colon, pancreas, and hepatocellular cancers. Hence, the signaling pathway is an attractive target for drug development with blockade of the receptor being a potential therapeutic approach. Different strategies have been developed to target this receptor including modification of PRL peptides (Del1-9-G129R-hPRL, G129R-Prl), growth hormone receptor/prolactin receptor bispecific antibody antagonist, neutralizing antibody LFA102, an antibody-drug conjugate (ABBV-176) of the humanized antibody h16f (PR-1594804) and pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer, a bispecific antibody targeting both PRLR and CD3, an in vivo half-life extended fusion protein containing PRLR antagonist PrlRA and albumin binding domain. There have also been attempts to discover and develop small molecular inhibitors targeting PRLR. Recently, using structure-based virtual screening, we identified a few antipsychotic drugs including penfluridol as a molecule that inhibits PRL-signaling to inhibit PDAC tumor progression. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in the biology of this receptor in cancer and give an account of PRLR antagonist development for the treatment of cancer.
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120
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Sun D, Zou Y, Song L, Han S, Yang H, Chu D, Dai Y, Ma J, O'Driscoll CM, Yu Z, Guo J. A cyclodextrin-based nanoformulation achieves co-delivery of ginsenoside Rg3 and quercetin for chemo-immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:378-393. [PMID: 35127393 PMCID: PMC8799998 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade therapy has profoundly revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy. However, despite great promise for a variety of cancers, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors is still low in colorectal cancer (CRC). This is mainly due to the immunosuppressive feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging evidence reveals that certain chemotherapeutic drugs induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), demonstrating great potential for remodeling the immunosuppressive TME. In this study, the potential of ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) as an ICD inducer against CRC cells was confirmed using in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches. The ICD efficacy of Rg3 could be significantly enhanced by quercetin (QTN) that elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS). To ameliorate in vivo delivery barriers associated with chemotherapeutic drugs, a folate (FA)-targeted polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticle (NP) was developed for co-encapsulation of Rg3 and QTN. The resultant nanoformulation (CD-PEG-FA.Rg3.QTN) significantly prolonged blood circulation and enhanced tumor targeting in an orthotopic CRC mouse model, resulting in the conversion of immunosuppressive TME. Furthermore, the CD-PEG-FA.Rg3.QTN achieved significantly longer survival of animals in combination with Anti-PD-L1. The study provides a promising strategy for the treatment of CRC.
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Key Words
- ATF6, activating transcription factor 6
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- CI, combination index
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CRT, calreticulin
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4
- CXCL10, C-X-C motif chemokine 10
- CXCL9, C-X-C motif chemokine 9
- Chemotherapy
- Colorectal cancer
- Combination therapy
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- DCs, dendritic cells
- ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence
- EE, encapsulation efficiency
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FA, folate
- HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1
- ICD, immunogenic cell death
- IFN-γ, interferon-gamma
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- IL-12, interleukin-12
- IL-4, interleukin-4
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- IRE1, inositol-requiring enzyme 1
- Immunogenic cell death
- Immunotherapy
- LC, loading capacity
- MDSCs, myeloid derived suppressor cells
- MMR, mismatch repair
- MR, molar ratio
- NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine
- NP, nanoparticle
- Nano drug delivery system
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PERK, PKR-like ER kinase
- PFA, paraformaldehyde
- PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride
- QTN, quercetin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- TAAs, tumor-associated antigens
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
- UPR, unfolded protein response
- p-IRE1, phosphorylation of IRE1
- p-PERK, phosphorylation of PERK
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shulan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | | | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Jafarzadeh A, Saffari F. Development of anti-rituximab antibodies in rituximab-treated patients: Related parameters & consequences. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:335-346. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_312_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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122
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Mahapatra S, Polimeni M, Gentiluomo L, Roessner D, Frieß W, Peters GHJ, Streicher WW, Lund M, Harris P. Self-Interactions of Two Monoclonal Antibodies: Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Light Scattering, and Coarse-Grained Modeling. Mol Pharm 2021; 19:508-519. [PMID: 34939811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using light scattering (LS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and coarse-grained Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, we studied the self-interactions of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), PPI03 and PPI13. With LS measurements, we obtained the osmotic second virial coefficient, B22, and the molecular weight, Mw, of the two mAbs, while with SAXS measurements, we studied the mAbs' self-interaction behavior in the high protein concentration regime up to 125 g/L. Through SAXS-derived coarse-grained representations of the mAbs, we performed MC simulations with either a one-protein or a two-protein model to predict B22. By comparing simulation and experimental results, we validated our models and obtained insights into the mAbs' self-interaction properties, highlighting the role of both ion binding and charged patches on the mAb surfaces. Our models provide useful information about mAbs' self-interaction properties and can assist the screening of conditions driving to colloidal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Mahapatra
- Novozymes A/S, Biologiens Vej 2, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marco Polimeni
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Gentiluomo
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 12a, 56307 Dernbach, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dierk Roessner
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 12a, 56307 Dernbach, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frieß
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Günther H J Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Mikael Lund
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Advanced X-ray and Neutron Science (LINXS), Lund University, Scheelevägen 19, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Wu Y, Yi M, Zhu S, Wang H, Wu K. Recent advances and challenges of bispecific antibodies in solid tumors. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:56. [PMID: 34922633 PMCID: PMC8684149 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made remarkable progress in the past decade. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have acquired much attention as the next generation strategy of antibody-target cancer immunotherapy, which overwhelmingly focus on T cell recruitment and dual receptors blockade. So far, BsAb drugs have been proved clinically effective and approved for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but no BsAb have been approved in solid tumors. Numerous designed BsAb drugs for solid tumors are now undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the formats of bispecific antibodies, and then update the latest preclinical studies and clinical trials in solid tumors of BsAbs targeting EpCAM, CEA, PMSA, ErbB family, and so on. Finally, we discuss the BsAb-related adverse effects and the alternative strategy for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Beijing Anjianxi Medicinal Technology Co., Ltd., No.2 Cuiwei Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100036, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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124
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A comprehensive review on immuno-nanomedicine for breast cancer therapy: Technical challenges and troubleshooting measures. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108433. [PMID: 34922248 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanosized drug carriers have received a major attention in cancer therapeutics and theranostics. The immuno-nanomedicine is a combination of monoclonal antibody (mAb)/mAb-drug-nanoparticles. The immuno-nanomedicine offers a promising strategy to target cancer cells. However, the understating of nanotechnology, cancer biology, immunomedicine, and nanoparticle surface chemistry has provided a better clue to prepare the effective immuno-nanomedicine for cancer therapy. Moreover, the selection of nanoparticles type and its composition is essential for development of efficient drug delivery system (DDS) to target the cancer cell site. Immuno-nanomedicine works in the ligand-receptor binding mechanism through the interaction of mAb conjugated nanoparticles and specific antigen over expressed on target cancer cells. Therefore, the selection of specific receptors in the cancer cell and their ligand is important to prepare the active immuno-nanomedicines. Moreover, the factors such as drug loading, entrapment efficiency, size, shape, and ligand conjugation of a nanocarrier are considered as major factors for a better cancer cell, internalization, drug release, and cancer cell ablation. The target-based over-expression of antigen, mAb is engineered and conjugated with nanoparticles for successful targeting of the cancer cells without causing adverse effects to normal cells. Therefore, this review analyzed the fundamental factors in the immuno-nanomedicine for breast cancer and its technical challenges in the fabrication of the antibody alone/and drug conjugated nanoparticles.
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125
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Xia M, Wang Y, Sheng L, Cai Z, Zhou X. Positive response to surfactants on the interfacial behavior and aggregation stability of Fab fragments from yolk immunoglobulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1078-1085. [PMID: 34800518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The antigen binding fragment (Fab) is pepsin-digested product from egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY), which shows lower immunogenicity and higher antibacterial activity. However, it limited the application of Fab due to the spontaneous adsorption and aggregation at the air-liquid interface. The present work is to investigate the effect of surfactants polysorbate 20 (PS20), poloxamer 188 (P188), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the aggregation stability of Fab of IgY. The results confirmed the positive role of surfactants in improving Fab stability. PS20 could effectively prevent the generation of Fab aggregates (DLS and light-obscuration analysis). It could also distinctly increase the internal hydrophobicity level, fortify the surface charge by altering the molecular conformational characteristics of Fab. The results of CLSM and surface tension demonstrated that P188 and PEG were co-adsorbed with Fab at the air-liquid interface and inhibited the formation of aggregation. PS20 competitively adsorbed in the gap between Fab molecules to inhibit the formation of aggregates. These findings would give an in-depth understanding of protein aggregation behavior influenced by surfactants and provide a theoretical basis for the development of functional food based on Fab active fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minquan Xia
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Long Sheng
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Cai
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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126
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Saporiti S, Parravicini C, Pergola C, Guerrini U, Rossi M, Centola F, Eberini I. IgG1 conformational behavior: elucidation of the N-glycosylation role via molecular dynamics. Biophys J 2021; 120:5355-5370. [PMID: 34710380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are the most used biopharmaceuticals for human therapy. One of the key aspects in their development is the control of effector functions mediated by the interaction between fragment crystallizable (Fc) and Fcγ receptors, which is a secondary mechanism of the action of biotherapeutics. N-glycosylation at the Fc portion can regulate these mechanisms, and much experimental evidence suggests that modifications of glycosidic chains can affect antibody binding to FcγRIIIa, consequently impacting the immune response. In this work, we try to elucidate via in silico procedures the structural role exhibited by glycans, particularly fucose, in mAb conformational freedom that can potentially affect the receptor recognition. By using adalimumab, a marketed IgG1, as a general template, after rebuilding its three-dimensional (3D) structure through homology modeling approaches, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations of three differently glycosylated species: aglycosylated, afucosylated, and fucosylated antibody. Trajectory analysis showed different dynamical behaviors and pointed out that sugars can influence the overall 3D structure of the antibody. As a result, we propose a putative structural mechanism by which the presence of fucose introduces conformational constraints in the whole antibody and not only in the Fc domain, preventing a conformation suitable for the interaction with the receptor. As secondary evidence, we observed a high flexibility of the antibodies that is translated into an asymmetric behavior of Fab portions shown by all the simulated biopolymers, making the dynamical asymmetry a new, to our knowledge, molecular aspect that may be further investigated. In conclusion, these findings can help understand the contribution of sugars on the structural architecture of mAbs, paving the way to novel strategies of pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Saporiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Parravicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Pergola
- Analytical Development Biotech, Merck Serono S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | - Uliano Guerrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mara Rossi
- Global Analytical Pharmaceutical Science and Innovation, Merck Serono S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Centola
- Global Analytical Pharmaceutical Science and Innovation, Merck Serono S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari & DSRC, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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127
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Gao D, Nie L, Yuan J, Hu F, Wu Z, Lin Q, Wang H. Physicochemical and functional characterization of HS016, a biosimilar of adalimumab (Humira). J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1142-1151. [PMID: 34863972 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of a biosimilar drug HS016, the reference product adalimumab (Humira), and their biosimilarities were determined using physical chemistry and functional similarity tests. The primary and higher order structures, size and charge variants, glycosylation profiles, and in vitro potency of both antibodies were characterized both for unstressed and stability samples. Slight differences were observed in the relative levels of methionine oxidation, low molecular weight components, terminal lysine variant, high mannoses and galactosylated glycans between HS016 and Humira. However, no differences in antigen binding activity, Fc receptor affinity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity or complemented-dependent cytotoxicity were found. The primary and higher order structures, physicochemical properties, and biological activity of HS016 and adalimumab were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gao
- BioRay Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Nie
- BioRay Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Junjie Yuan
- Hisun BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Hisun BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- BioRay Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Qunhai Lin
- Hisun BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- BioRay Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China; Hisun BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China.
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128
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Traboulsi H, Khedr MA, Al-Faiyz YSS, Elgorashe R, Negm A. Structure-Based Epitope Design: Toward a Greater Antibody-SARS-CoV-2 RBD Affinity. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31469-31476. [PMID: 34869973 PMCID: PMC8637584 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient COVID-19 vaccines are widely acknowledged as the best way to end the global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) plays fundamental roles related to cell infection. Antibodies could be developed to target RBD and represent a potential approach for the neutralization of the virus. Epitopes used to produce antibodies are generally linear peptides and thus possess multiple confirmations that do not reflect the actual topology of the targeted part in the native protein. On the other hand, macrocyclic epitopes could constitute closer mimics of the native protein topology and, as such, could generate superior antibodies. In this study, we demonstrated the vital effect of the size and the three-dimensional shape of epitopes on the activity of the developed antibodies against the RBD of SARS-CoV-2. The molecular dynamics studies showed the greater stability of the cyclic epitopes compared with the linear counterparts, which was reflected in the affinity of the produced antibodies. The antibodies developed using macrocyclic epitopes showed superiority with respect to binding to RBD compared to antibodies formed from linear peptides. This study constitutes a roadmap for developing superior antibodies that could be used to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Traboulsi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Khedr
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-AHasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, P.O. Box Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Yasair S. S. Al-Faiyz
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafea Elgorashe
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Negm
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry
Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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129
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Jiménez-Morales S, Aranda-Uribe IS, Pérez-Amado CJ, Ramírez-Bello J, Hidalgo-Miranda A. Mechanisms of Immunosuppressive Tumor Evasion: Focus on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:737340. [PMID: 34867958 PMCID: PMC8636671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy with high heterogeneity in its biological features and treatments. Although the overall survival (OS) of patients with ALL has recently improved considerably, owing to the application of conventional chemo-therapeutic agents, approximately 20% of the pediatric cases and 40-50% of the adult patients relapse during and after the treatment period. The potential mechanisms that cause relapse involve clonal evolution, innate and acquired chemoresistance, and the ability of ALL cells to escape the immune-suppressive tumor response. Currently, immunotherapy in combination with conventional treatment is used to enhance the immune response against tumor cells, thereby significantly improving the OS in patients with ALL. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of immune evasion by leukemia cells could be useful for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Sammir Aranda-Uribe
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Quintana Roo, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Carlos Jhovani Pérez-Amado
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julian Ramírez-Bello
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
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130
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Hadianamrei R, Tomeh MA, Brown S, Wang J, Zhao X. Correlation between the secondary structure and surface activity of β-sheet forming cationic amphiphilic peptides and their anticancer activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112165. [PMID: 34715505 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current cancer treatment strategies often lack selectivity for cancer cells resulting in dose-limiting adverse effects and reduced quality of life. Recently, anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as an alternative treatment with higher selectivity, less adverse effects, and lower propensity for drug resistance. However, most of the current studies on the ACPs are focused on α-helical ACPs and there is lack of systematic studies on β-sheet forming ACPs. Herein we report the development of a new series of rationally designed short cationic amphiphilic β-sheet forming ACPs and their structure activity relationship. The peptides had the general formula (XY1XY2)3, with X representing hydrophobic amino acids (isoleucine (I) or leucine (L)), Y1 and Y2 representing cationic amino acids (arginine (R) or lysine (K)). The cytotoxicity of the designed ACPs in HCT 116 colorectal cancer, HeLa cervical cancer and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells was assessed by MTT test. The physicochemical properties of the peptides were characterized by various techniques including RP-HPLC, LC-MS, and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The surface activity of the peptides at the air-water interface and their interaction with the lipid monolayers as models for cell membranes were studied by Langmuir trough. The peptides consisting of I with R and K had selective anticancer activity while the combination of L and R diminished the anticancer activity of the peptides but rendered them more toxic to HDFs. The anticancer activity of the peptides was directed by their surface activity (amphiphilicity) and their secondary structure in hydrophobic surfaces including cancer cell membranes. The selectivity of the peptides for cancer cells was a result of their higher penetration into cancer cell membranes compared to normal cell membranes. The peptides exerted their anticancer activity by disrupting the mitochondrial membranes and eventually apoptosis. The results presented in this study provide an insight into the structure-activity relationship of this class of ACPs which can be employed as guidance to design new ACPs with improved anticancer activity and lower toxicity against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Hadianamrei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jiqian Wang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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131
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Shin C, Kim SS, Jo YH. Extending traditional antibody therapies: Novel discoveries in immunotherapy and clinical applications. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 22:166-179. [PMID: 34514097 PMCID: PMC8416972 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been well regarded as one of the safer and antigen-specific anti-cancer treatments compared to first-generation chemotherapy. Since Coley's discovery, researchers focused on engineering novel antibody-based therapies. Including artificial and modified antibodies, such as antibody fragments, antibody-drug conjugates, and synthetic mimetics, the variety of immunotherapy has been rapidly expanding in the last few decades. Genetic and chemical modifications to monoclonal antibody have been brought into academia, in vivo trials, and clinical applications. Here, we have looked around antibodies overall. First, we elucidate the antibody structure and its cytotoxicity mechanisms. Second, types of therapeutic antibodies are presented. Additionally, there is a summarized list of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapeutic antibodies and recent clinical trials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of both the general function of therapeutic antibodies and a few main variations in development, including recent advent with the proposed mechanism of actions, and we introduce types of therapeutic antibodies, clinical trials, and approved commercial immunotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Shin
- Chadwick International, Incheon 22002, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwa Jo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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132
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Gan HK, Parakh S, Lassman AB, Seow A, Lau E, Lee ST, Ameratunga M, Perchyonok Y, Cao D, Burvenich IJG, O'Keefe GJ, Rigopoulos A, Gomez E, Maag D, Scott AM. Tumor volumes as a predictor of response to the anti-EGFR antibody drug conjugate depatuxizumab mafadotin. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab102. [PMID: 34549181 PMCID: PMC8446913 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The adverse impact of increasing brain tumor size on the efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) was investigated preclinically then validated with clinical data. Methods—Preclinical study The impact of tumor size on ADC tumor delivery and treatment response was evaluated in an EGFR-amplified patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) model following treatment with Depatuxizumab mafadotin (Depatux-M). Biodistribution and imaging studies correlated drug distribution with starting treatment volume and anti-tumor activity. Methods—Clinical study M12-356 was a Phase I study of Depatux-M in patients with GBM. Blinded volumetric analysis of baseline tumor volumes of M12-356 patients was undertaken by two reviewers and results correlated with response and survival. Results Preclinically, imaging and biodistribution studies showed specific and significantly higher tumor uptake of zirconium-89 labeled Depatux-M (89Zr-Depatux-M) in mice with smaller tumor volume (~98 mm3) versus those with larger volumes (~365 mm3); concordantly, mice with tumor volumes ≤100 mm3 at treatment commencement had significantly better growth inhibition by Depatux-M (93% vs 27%, P < .001) and significantly longer overall survival (P < .0001) compared to tumors ≥400 mm3. Clinically, patients with tumor volumes <25 cm3 had significantly higher response rates (17% vs. 0%, P = .009) and longer overall survival (0.5 vs 0.89 years, P = .001) than tumors above 25 cm3. Conclusion Both preclinical and clinical data showed intra-tumoral concentration and efficacy of Depatux-m inversely correlated with tumor size. This finding merit further investigation with pretreatment tumor volume as a predictor for response to ADCs, in both gliomas and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui K Gan
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sagun Parakh
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew B Lassman
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aidan Seow
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eddie Lau
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Radiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sze Ting Lee
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malaka Ameratunga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuliya Perchyonok
- Department of Radiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Diana Cao
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid J G Burvenich
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graeme J O'Keefe
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Angela Rigopoulos
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erica Gomez
- Research and Development Department, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David Maag
- Research and Development Department, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
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Di Trani CA, Fernandez-Sendin M, Cirella A, Segués A, Olivera I, Bolaños E, Melero I, Berraondo P. Advances in mRNA-based drug discovery in cancer immunotherapy. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 17:41-53. [PMID: 34496689 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1978972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T-cell therapy based on chimeric antigen receptors are the spearhead strategies to exploit the immune system to fight cancer. To take advantage of the full potential of the immune system, cancer immunotherapy must incorporate new biotechnologies such as mRNA technology that may synergize with already approved immunotherapies and act more effectively on immune targets. AREAS COVERED This review describes the basics of mRNA biotechnology and provides insight into the recent advances in the use of mRNA for the local and systemic delivery of immunostimulatory antibodies, proinflammatory cytokines or for optimizing adoptive T-cell therapy. EXPERT OPINION mRNA-based nanomedicines have great potential to expand the arsenal of immunotherapy tools due to their ability to simplify and accelerate drug development and their suitability for transient and local expression of immunostimulatory molecules, whose systemic and sustained expression would be toxic. The success of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has highlighted the feasibility of this approach. Continuous advances in the delivery and construction of RNA-based vectors hold promise for improvements in clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Augusta Di Trani
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Myriam Fernandez-Sendin
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Assunta Cirella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aina Segués
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh UK
| | - Irene Olivera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elixabet Bolaños
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Cáncer (Ciberonc), Spain.,Departments of Oncology and Immunology, Clínica Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Cáncer (Ciberonc), Spain
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The EHA Research Roadmap: Immune-based Therapies for Hematological Malignancies. Hemasphere 2021; 5:e642. [PMID: 34522844 PMCID: PMC8432635 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the European Hematology Association (EHA) published the EHA Roadmap for European Hematology Research1 aiming to highlight achievements in the diagnostics and treatment of blood disorders, and to better inform European policy makers and other stakeholders about the urgent clinical and scientific needs and priorities in the field of hematology. Each section was coordinated by 1-2 section editors who were leading international experts in the field. In the 5 years that have followed, advances in the field of hematology have been plentiful. As such, EHA is pleased to present an updated Research Roadmap, now including 11 sections, each of which will be published separately. The updated EHA Research Roadmap identifies the most urgent priorities in hematology research and clinical science, therefore supporting a more informed, focused, and ideally a more funded future for European Hematology Research. the 11 EHA Research Roadmap sections include normal hematopoiesis; malignant lymphoid diseases; malignant myeloid diseases; anemias and related diseases; platelet disorders; blood coagulation and hemostatic disorders; transfusion medicine; infections in hematology; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; CAR-T and Other cell-based immune therapies; and gene therapy.
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Netti GS, Franzin R, Stasi A, Spadaccino F, Dello Strologo A, Infante B, Gesualdo L, Castellano G, Ranieri E, Stallone G. Role of Complement in Regulating Inflammation Processes in Renal and Prostate Cancers. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092426. [PMID: 34572075 PMCID: PMC8471315 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, the complement system, the central pillar of innate immune response, was recognized as a protective mechanism against cancer cells and the manipulation of complement effector functions in cancer setting offered a great opportunity to improve monoclonal antibody-based cancer immunotherapies. Similarly, cellular senescence, the process of cell cycle arrest that allow DNA and tissue repair has been traditionally thought to be able to suppress tumor progression. However, in recent years, extensive research has identified the complement system and cellular senescence as two main inducers of tumour growth in the context of chronic, persistent inflammation named inflammaging. Here, we discuss the data describing the ambivalent role of senescence in cancer with a particular focus on tumors that are strongly dependent on complement activation and can be understood by a new, senescence-related point of view: prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Stefano Netti
- Clinical Pathology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.F.); (A.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.F.); (A.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Federica Spadaccino
- Clinical Pathology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Andrea Dello Strologo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.S.); (B.I.); (G.C.)
| | - Barbara Infante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.S.); (B.I.); (G.C.)
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.F.); (A.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.S.); (B.I.); (G.C.)
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Clinical Pathology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.N.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (G.S.); Tel.: +39-0881-732611 (E.R.); +39-0881-736002 (G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.S.); (B.I.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (G.S.); Tel.: +39-0881-732611 (E.R.); +39-0881-736002 (G.S.)
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Hadianamrei R, Tomeh MA, Brown S, Wang J, Zhao X. Rationally designed short cationic α-helical peptides with selective anticancer activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:488-501. [PMID: 34509120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Naturally derived or synthetic anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as a new generation of anticancer agents with higher selectivity for cancer cells and less propensity for drug resistance. Despite the structural diversity of ACPs, α-helix is the most common secondary structure among them. Herein we report the development of a new library of short cationic amphiphilic α-helical ACPs with selective cytotoxicity against colorectal and cervical cancer. EXPERIMENTS The peptides had a general formula C(XXYY)3 with C representing amino acid cysteine (providing a -SH group for molecular conjugation), X representing hydrophobic amino acids (isoleucine (I) or leucine (L)), and Y representing cationic amino acids (arginine (R) or lysine (K)). Two variants of the peptides were synthesized by adding additional Isoleucine residues to the C-terminal and replacing the N-terminal cysteine with LC-propargylglycine (LC-G) to investigate the effect of N-terminal and C-terminal variation on the anticancer activity. The structure and physicochemical properties of the peptides were determined by RP-HPLC, LC-MS and CD spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of the peptides in different cell lines was assessed by MTT test, cell proliferation assay and mitochondrial damage assay. The mechanism of cell selectivity of the peptides was investigated by studying their interfacial behaviour at the air/water and lipid/water interface using Langmuir trough. FINDINGS The peptides consisting of K residues in their hydrophilic domains exhibited more selective anticancer activity whereas the peptides containing R exhibited strong toxicity in normal cells. The anticancer activity of the peptides was a function of their helical content and their hydrophobicity. Therefore, the addition of two I residues at C-terminal enhanced the anticancer activity of the peptides by increasing their hydrophobicity and their helical content. These two variants also exhibited strong anticancer activity against colorectal cancer multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS). The higher toxicity of the peptides in cancer cells compared to normal cells was the result of higher penetration into the negatively charged cancer cell membranes, leading to higher cellular uptake, and their cytotoxic effect was mainly exerted by damaging the mitochondrial membranes leading to apoptosis. The results from this study provide a basis for rational design of new α-helical ACPs with enhanced anticancer activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Hadianamrei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jiqian Wang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Chen H, Chen Y, Deng M, John S, Gui X, Kansagra A, Chen W, Kim J, Lewis C, Wu G, Xie J, Zhang L, Huang R, Liu X, Arase H, Huang Y, Yu H, Luo W, Xia N, Zhang N, An Z, Zhang CC. Antagonistic anti-LILRB1 monoclonal antibody regulates antitumor functions of natural killer cells. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000515. [PMID: 32771992 PMCID: PMC7418854 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current immune checkpoint blockade strategies have been successful in treating certain types of solid cancer. However, checkpoint blockade monotherapies have not been successful against most hematological malignancies including multiple myeloma and leukemia. There is an urgent need to identify new targets for development of cancer immunotherapy. LILRB1, an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-containing receptor, is widely expressed on human immune cells, including B cells, monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells and subsets of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. The ligands of LILRB1, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, activate LILRB1 and transduce a suppressive signal, which inhibits the immune responses. However, it is not clear whether LILRB1 blockade can be effectively used for cancer treatment. METHODS First, we measured the LILRB1 expression on NK cells from cancer patients to determine whether LILRB1 upregulated on NK cells from patients with cancer, compared with NK cells from healthy donors. Then, we developed specific antagonistic anti-LILRB1 monoclonal antibodies and studied the effects of LILRB1 blockade on the antitumor immune function of NK cells, especially in multiple myeloma models, in vitro and in vivo xenograft model using non-obese diabetic (NOD)-SCID interleukin-2Rγ-null mice. RESULTS We demonstrate that percentage of LILRB1+ NK cells is significantly higher in patients with persistent multiple myeloma after treatment than that in healthy donors. Further, the percentage of LILRB1+ NK cells is also significantly higher in patients with late-stage prostate cancer than that in healthy donors. Significantly, we showed that LILRB1 blockade by our antagonistic LILRB1 antibody increased the tumoricidal activity of NK cells against several types of cancer cells, including multiple myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma and solid tumors, in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that blocking LILRB1 signaling on immune effector cells such as NK cells may represent a novel strategy for the development of anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Chen
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yuanzhi Chen
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mi Deng
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel John
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology- Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xun Gui
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ankit Kansagra
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Weina Chen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jaehyup Kim
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Cheryl Lewis
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Guojin Wu
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lingbo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ryan Huang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Hisashi Arase
- Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yang Huang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Yu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Insights from IgE Immune Surveillance in Allergy and Cancer for Anti-Tumour IgE Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174460. [PMID: 34503270 PMCID: PMC8431713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE, the predominant antibody class of the allergic response, is known for its roles in protecting against parasites; however, a growing body of evidence indicates a significant role for IgE and its associated effector cells in tumour immunosurveillance, highlighted by the field of AllergoOncology and the successes of the first-in-class IgE cancer therapeutic MOv18. Supporting this concept, substantial epidemiological data ascribe potential roles for IgE, allergy, and atopy in protecting against specific tumour types, with a corresponding increased cancer risk associated with IgE immunodeficiency. Here, we consider how epidemiological data in combination with functional data reveals a complex interplay of IgE and allergy with cancer, which cannot be explained solely by one of the existing conventional hypotheses. We furthermore discuss how, in turn, such data may be used to inform future therapeutic approaches, including the clinical management of different patient groups. With epidemiological findings highlighting several high-risk cancer types protected against by high IgE levels, it is possible that use of IgE-based therapeutics for a range of malignant indications may offer efficacy to complement that of established IgG-class antibodies.
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Fortes-Andrade T, Almeida JS, Sousa LM, Santos-Rosa M, Freitas-Tavares P, Casanova JM, Rodrigues-Santos P. The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Prospects for Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153865. [PMID: 34359767 PMCID: PMC8345358 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) represent about 80% of sarcomas, and are a heterogeneous group of rare and malignant tumors. Morphological evaluation has been the standard model for the diagnosis of sarcomas, and even in samples with similar characteristics, they present genetic differences, which further increases the diversity of sarcomas. This variety is one of the main challenges for the classification and understanding of STS patterns, as well as for the respective treatments, which further decreases patient survival (<5 years). Natural Killer (NK) cells have a fundamental role in the control and immune surveillance of cancer development, progression and metastases. Notwithstanding the scarcity of studies to characterize NK cells in STS, it is noteworthy that the progression of these malignancies is associated with altered NK cells. These findings support the additional need to explore NK cell-based immunotherapy in STS; some clinical trials, although very tentatively, are already underway. Abstract Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) represent about 80% of sarcomas, and are a heterogeneous group of rare and malignant tumors. STS arise from mesenchymal tissues and can grow into structures such as adipose tissue, muscles, nervous tissue and blood vessels. Morphological evaluation has been the standard model for the diagnosis of sarcomas, and even in samples with similar characteristics, they present a diversity in cytogenetic and genetic sequence alterations, which further increases the diversity of sarcomas. This variety is one of the main challenges for the classification and understanding of STS patterns, as well as for their respective treatments, which further decreases patient survival (<5 years). Despite some studies, little is known about the immunological profile of STS. As for the immunological profile of STS in relation to NK cells, there is also a shortage of studies. Observations made in solid tumors show that the infiltration of NK cells in tumors is associated with a good prognosis of the disease. Notwithstanding the scarcity of studies to characterize NK cells, their receptors, and ligands in STS, it is noteworthy that the progression of these malignancies is associated with altered NK phenotypes. Despite the scarcity of information on the function of NK cells, their phenotypes and their regulatory pathways in STS, the findings of this study support the additional need to explore NK cell-based immunotherapy in STS further. Some clinical trials, very tentatively, are already underway. STS clinical trials are still the basis for adoptive NK-cell and cytokine-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Fortes-Andrade
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.-A.); (J.S.A.); (L.M.S.)
| | - Jani Sofia Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.-A.); (J.S.A.); (L.M.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Institute, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luana Madalena Sousa
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.-A.); (J.S.A.); (L.M.S.)
| | - Manuel Santos-Rosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Institute, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Freitas-Tavares
- Coimbra Hospital and University Center (CHUC), Tumor Unit of the Locomotor Apparatus (UTAL), University Clinic of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Service, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - José Manuel Casanova
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Hospital and University Center (CHUC), Tumor Unit of the Locomotor Apparatus (UTAL), University Clinic of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Service, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.-A.); (J.S.A.); (L.M.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Institute, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-85-77-77 (ext. 24-28-44)
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Sun H, Martin TG, Marra J, Kong D, Keats J, Macé S, Chiron M, Wolf JL, Venstrom JM, Rajalingam R. Individualized genetic makeup that controls natural killer cell function influences the efficacy of isatuximab immunotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002958. [PMID: 34272304 PMCID: PMC8287616 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phase IIb clinical trial with isatuximab (Isa)-lenalidomide (Len)-dexamethasone (Dex) showed an improved progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), but the efficacy varied by patient. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) cells plays a crucial role in arbitrating antitumor activities of therapeutic-antibodies. We tested if patient-specific genetic makeup known to set NK cell functional threshold influence response to Isa-Len-Dex therapy. METHODS We characterized 57 patients with RRMM receiving Isa-Len-Dex for polymorphisms of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, and FCGR3A loci. In vitro ADCC assay, coincubating primary NK cells expressing specific KIR repertoire with multiple myeloma cell lines (MM cells) expressing selected HLA class I ligands, was used to confirm the identified genetic correlatives of clinical response. RESULTS Patients with KIR3DL2+ and its cognate-ligand HLA-A3/11+ had superior PFS than patients missing this combination (HR=0.43; p=0.02), while patients carrying KIR2DL1+ and HLA-C2C2+ compared with to patients missing this pair showed short PFS (HR=3.54; p=0.05). Patients with KIR3DL2+ and HLA-A3/11+ plus high-affinity FCGR3A-158V allele showed the most prolonged PFS (HR=0.35; p=0.007). Consistent with these clinical data, mechanistic experiments demonstrated that NK cells expressing KIR3DL2 trigger greater ADCC when MM cells express HLA-A3/11. Inversely, NK cells expressing KIR2DL1 do not kill if MM cells express the HLA-C2C2 ligand. NK cells expressing high-affinity FCGR3A-158VV-induced greater ADCC compared with those with low-affinity FCGR3A-158FF. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that KIR3DL2+ and HLA-A3/11+ with FCGR3A-158V markers lead to enhanced Isa-dependent NK-mediated cytolysis against MM cells and results in improved PFS in patients with RRMM treated by Isa-Len-Dex. Moreover, the presence of KIR2DL1+ and HLA-C2C2+ identifies patients who may have a lower response to Isa-Len-Dex therapy linked to a reduced NK-mediated ADCC. These biomarkers could potentially identify, via precision medicine, patients more likely to respond to Isa-Len-Dex immunotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01749969.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Sun
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas G Martin
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Marra
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Denice Kong
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jonathon Keats
- Division of Integrated Cancer Genomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sandrine Macé
- Translational and Experimental Medicine, Sanofi Research & Development, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Marielle Chiron
- Translational and Experimental Medicine, Sanofi Research & Development, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jeffrey L Wolf
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Venstrom
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Raja Rajalingam
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Aghdam MA, Tohidkia MR, Ghamghami E, Ahmadikhah A, Khanmahamadi M, Baradaran B, Mokhtarzadeh A. Implementation of a Design of Experiments to Improve Periplasmic Yield of Functional ScFv Antibodies in a Phage Display Platform. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 12:583-592. [PMID: 35935041 PMCID: PMC9348535 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Production of functional recombinant antibody fragments in the periplasm of E. coli is a prerequisite step to achieve sufficient reagent for preclinical studies. Thus, the cost-effective and lab-scale production of antibody fragments demands the optimization of culture conditions.
Methods: The culture conditions such as temperature, optical density (OD600) at induction, induction time, and IPTG concentration were investigated to optimize the functional expression of a phage-derived scFv molecule using a design of experiment (DoE). Additionally, the effects of different culture media and osmolyte supplements on the expression yield of scFv were examined.
Results: The developed 2FI regression model indicated the significant linear effect of the incubation temperature, the induction time, and the induction OD600 on the expression yield of functional scFv. Besides, the statistical analysis indicated that two significant interactions of the temperature/induction time and the temperature/induction OD600 significantly interplay to increase the yield. Further optimization showed that the expression level of functional scFv was the most optimal when the cultivation was undertaken either in the TB medium or in the presence of media supplements of 0.5 M sorbitol or 100 mM glycine betaine.
Conclusion: In the present study, for the first time, we successfully implemented DoE to comprehensively optimize the culture conditions for the expression of scFv molecules in a phage antibody display setting, where scFv molecules can be isolated from a tailor-made phage antibody library known as "Human Single Fold scFv Library I."
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Abri Aghdam
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Basic Science, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Ghamghami
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Basic Science, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asadollah Ahmadikhah
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Khanmahamadi
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Luis de Redín I, Expósito F, Agüeros M, Collantes M, Peñuelas I, Allemandi D, Llabot JM, Calvo A, Irache JM. In vivo efficacy of bevacizumab-loaded albumin nanoparticles in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:635-645. [PMID: 32040774 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bevacizumab (as other monoclonal antibodies) has now become a mainstay in the treatment of several cancers in spite of some limitations, including poor tumour penetration and the development of resistance mechanisms. Its nanoencapsulation may be an adequate strategy to minimize these problems. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab-loaded nanoparticles (B-NP-PEG) on a xenograft model of human colorectal cancer. For this purpose, human serum albumin nanoparticles were prepared by coacervation, then coated with poly(ethylene glycol) and freeze-dried. B-NP-PEG displayed a mean size of about 300 nm and a bevacizumab loading of approximately 145 μg/mg. An in vivo study was conducted in the HT-29 xenograft model of colorectal cancer. Both, free and nanoencapsulated bevacizumab, induced a similar reduction in the tumour growth rate of about 50%, when compared to controls. By microPET imaging analysis, B-NP-PEG was found to be a more effective treatment in decreasing the glycolysis and metabolic tumour volume than free bevacizumab, suggesting higher efficacy. These results correlated well with the capability of B-NP-PEG to increase about fourfold the levels of intratumour bevacizumab, compared with the conventional formulation. In parallel, B-NP-PEG displayed six-times lower amounts of bevacizumab in blood than the aqueous formulation of the antibody, suggesting a lower incidence of potential undesirable side effects. In summary, albumin-based nanoparticles may be adequate carriers to promote the delivery of monoclonal antibodies (i.e. bevacizumab) to tumour tissues. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Luis de Redín
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Expósito
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), CIBERONC, ISC-III, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Agüeros
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Collantes
- Radiopharmacy, Radionanopharmacology and Translational Molecular Imaging Research Group, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iván Peñuelas
- Radiopharmacy, Radionanopharmacology and Translational Molecular Imaging Research Group, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Allemandi
- UNITEFA-CONICET, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences (FCQ-UNC), National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan M Llabot
- UNITEFA-CONICET, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences (FCQ-UNC), National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), CIBERONC, ISC-III, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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143
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Combinatorial therapy in tumor microenvironment: Where do we stand? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188585. [PMID: 34224836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression by creating a dynamic interaction with cancer cells. The tumor microenvironment consists of various cellular components, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, pericytes, adipocytes, immune cells, cancer stem cells and vasculature, which provide a sustained environment for cancer cell proliferation. Currently, targeting tumor microenvironment is increasingly being explored as a novel approach to improve cancer therapeutics, as it influences the growth and expansion of malignant cells in various ways. Despite continuous advancements in targeted therapies for cancer treatment, drug resistance, toxicity and immune escape mechanisms are the basis of treatment failure and cancer escape. Targeting tumor microenvironment efficiently with approved drugs and combination therapy is the solution to this enduring challenge that involves combining more than one treatment modality such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and nanotherapy that can effectively and synergistically target the critical pathways associated with disease pathogenesis. This review shed light on the composition of the tumor microenvironment, interaction of different components within tumor microenvironment with tumor cells and associated hallmarks, the current status of combinatorial therapies being developed, and various growing advancements. Furthermore, computational tools can also be used to monitor the significance and outcome of therapies being developed. We addressed the perceived barriers and regulatory hurdles in developing a combinatorial regimen and evaluated the present status of these therapies in the clinic. The accumulating depth of knowledge about the tumor microenvironment in cancer may facilitate further development of effective treatment modalities. This review presents the tumor microenvironment as a sweeping landscape for developing novel cancer therapies.
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144
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Furman WL. Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for High Risk Neuroblastoma. Biologics 2021; 15:205-219. [PMID: 34135571 PMCID: PMC8200163 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s267278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are part of the standard of care for the treatment of many adult solid tumors. Until recently none have been approved for use in children with solid tumors. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Those with high-risk disease, despite treatment with very intensive multimodal therapy, still have poor overall survival. Results of treatment with an immunotherapy regimen using a chimeric (human/mouse) mAb against a cell surface disialoganglioside (GD2) have changed the standard of care for these children and resulted in the first approval of a mAb for use in children with solid tumors. This article will review the use of the various anti-GD2 mAbs in children with NB, methods that have been or are being evaluated for enhancing their efficacy, as well as review other promising antigenic targets for the therapeutic use of mAbs in children with NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L Furman
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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145
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Marin BM, Porath KA, Jain S, Kim M, Conage-Pough JE, Oh JH, Miller CL, Talele S, Kitange GJ, Tian S, Burgenske DM, Mladek AC, Gupta SK, Decker PA, McMinn MH, Stopka SA, Regan MS, He L, Carlson BL, Bakken K, Burns TC, Parney IF, Giannini C, Agar NYR, Eckel-Passow JE, Cochran JR, Elmquist WF, Vaubel RA, White FM, Sarkaria JN. Heterogeneous delivery across the blood-brain barrier limits the efficacy of an EGFR-targeting antibody drug conjugate in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:2042-2053. [PMID: 34050676 PMCID: PMC8643472 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), such as depatuxizumab mafodotin (Depatux-M), is a promising therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma (GBM) but recent clinical trials did not demonstrate a survival benefit. Understanding the mechanisms of failure for this promising strategy is critically important. METHODS PDX models were employed to study efficacy of systemic vs intracranial delivery of Depatux-M. Immunofluorescence and MALDI-MSI were performed to detect drug levels in the brain. EGFR levels and compensatory pathways were studied using quantitative flow cytometry, Western blots, RNAseq, FISH, and phosphoproteomics. RESULTS Systemic delivery of Depatux-M was highly effective in nine of 10 EGFR-amplified heterotopic PDXs with survival extending beyond one year in eight PDXs. Acquired resistance in two PDXs (GBM12 and GBM46) was driven by suppression of EGFR expression or emergence of a novel short-variant of EGFR lacking the epitope for the Depatux-M antibody. In contrast to the profound benefit observed in heterotopic tumors, only two of seven intrinsically sensitive PDXs were responsive to Depatux-M as intracranial tumors. Poor efficacy in orthotopic PDXs was associated with limited and heterogeneous distribution of Depatux-M into tumor tissues, and artificial disruption of the BBB or bypass of the BBB by direct intracranial injection of Depatux-M into orthotopic tumors markedly enhanced the efficacy of drug treatment. CONCLUSIONS Despite profound intrinsic sensitivity to Depatux-M, limited drug delivery into brain tumor may have been a key contributor to lack of efficacy in recently failed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca-Maria Marin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kendra A Porath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sonia Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Minjee Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jason E Conage-Pough
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caitlyn L Miller
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shulan Tian
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Madison H McMinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lihong He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Katrina Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Terence C Burns
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ian F Parney
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jennifer R Cochran
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rachael A Vaubel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Forest M White
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Corresponding Author: Jann N. Sarkaria, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA ()
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146
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Pharmacological inhibition of MDA-9/Syntenin blocks breast cancer metastasis through suppression of IL-1β. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103180118. [PMID: 34016751 PMCID: PMC8166168 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103180118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-9 (MDA-9), Syntenin-1, or syndecan binding protein is a differentially regulated prometastatic gene with elevated expression in advanced stages of melanoma. MDA-9/Syntenin expression positively associates with advanced disease stage in multiple histologically distinct cancers and negatively correlates with patient survival and response to chemotherapy. MDA-9/Syntenin is a highly conserved PDZ-domain scaffold protein, robustly expressed in a spectrum of diverse cancer cell lines and clinical samples. PDZ domains interact with a number of proteins, many of which are critical regulators of signaling cascades in cancer. Knockdown of MDA-9/Syntenin decreases cancer cell metastasis, sensitizing these cells to radiation. Genetic silencing of MDA-9/Syntenin or treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of the PDZ1 domain, PDZ1i, also activates the immune system to kill cancer cells. Additionally, suppression of MDA-9/Syntenin deregulates myeloid-derived suppressor cell differentiation via the STAT3/interleukin (IL)-1β pathway, which concomitantly promotes activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Biologically, PDZ1i treatment decreases metastatic nodule formation in the lungs, resulting in significantly fewer invasive cancer cells. In summary, our observations indicate that MDA-9/Syntenin provides a direct therapeutic target for mitigating aggressive breast cancer and a small-molecule inhibitor, PDZ1i, provides a promising reagent for inhibiting advanced breast cancer pathogenesis.
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147
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Dyrka K, Witasik D, Czarnywojtek A, Łącka K. The influence of monoclonal antibodies for cancer
treatment on the endocrine system. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.8889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Thanks to scientific research, new
methods of cancer treatment, including molecularly targeted therapy, are being developed.
Monoclonal antibodies are used to treat many diseases, including some types of cancer, and
affect various systems of the human body. The presented article aims to present the adverse
effects of molecularly targeted cancer therapy on the endocrine system based on the current
literature data. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 or its
ligand PD-L1, can cause a variety of autoimmune adverse effects, among others, thyroid dysfunction,
hypophysitis, and diabetes mellitus. The authors also paid attention to monitoring
selected diagnostic parameters to prevent endocrine adverse effects during a therapy with
monoclonal antibodies. The development of adverse effects may sometimes progress atypically
and rapidly, and may be a life-threatening condition. Clinicians should choose individual
schemes of treatment for particular patients. The patient’s condition should also be monitored
before, during and after the therapy. The decision about the continuation of treatment with
monoclonal antibodies should be based especially on a risk connected with the cessation of
treatment. Clinical trials should be continued to improve knowledge about the side effects of
monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dyrka
- Student’s Scientific Group of Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daria Witasik
- Student’s Scientific Group of Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Czarnywojtek
- Chair and Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łącka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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148
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Kelil A, Gallo E, Banerjee S, Adams JJ, Sidhu SS. CellectSeq: In silico discovery of antibodies targeting integral membrane proteins combining in situ selections and next-generation sequencing. Commun Biol 2021; 4:561. [PMID: 33980972 PMCID: PMC8115320 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic antibody (Ab) technologies are efficient and cost-effective platforms for the generation of monoclonal Abs against human antigens. Yet, they typically depend on purified proteins, which exclude integral membrane proteins that require the lipid bilayers to support their native structure and function. Here, we present an Ab discovery strategy, termed CellectSeq, for targeting integral membrane proteins on native cells in complex environment. As proof of concept, we targeted three transmembrane proteins linked to cancer, tetraspanin CD151, carbonic anhydrase 9, and integrin-α11. First, we performed in situ cell-based selections to enrich phage-displayed synthetic Ab pools for antigen-specific binders. Then, we designed next-generation sequencing procedures to explore Ab diversities and abundances. Finally, we developed motif-based scoring and sequencing error-filtering algorithms for the comprehensive interrogation of next-generation sequencing pools to identify Abs with high diversities and specificities, even at extremely low abundances, which are very difficult to identify using manual sampling or sequence abundances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellali Kelil
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eugenio Gallo
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Toronto Recombinant Antibody Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sunandan Banerjee
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Toronto Recombinant Antibody Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jarrett J. Adams
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Toronto Recombinant Antibody Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sachdev S. Sidhu
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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149
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Development of an Antigen-Antibody Co-Display System for Detecting Interaction of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and Single-Chain Variable Fragments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094711. [PMID: 33946798 PMCID: PMC8125734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially chemokine receptors, are ideal targets for monoclonal antibody drugs. Considering the special multi-pass transmembrane structure of GPCR, it is often a laborious job to obtain antibody information about off-targets and epitopes on antigens. To accelerate the process, a rapid and simple method needs to be developed. The split-ubiquitin-based yeast two hybrid system (YTH) was used as a blue script for a new method. By fusing with transmembrane peptides, scFv antibodies were designed to be anchored on the cytomembrane, where the GPCR was co-displayed as well. The coupled split-ubiquitin system transformed the scFv-GPCR interaction signal into the expression of reporter genes. By optimizing the topological structure of scFv fusion protein and key elements, including signal peptides, transmembrane peptides, and flexible linkers, a system named Antigen-Antibody Co-Display (AACD) was established, which rapidly detected the interactions between antibodies and their target GPCRs, CXCR4 and CXCR5, while also determining the off-target antibodies and antibody-associated epitopes. The AACD system can rapidly determine the association between GPCRs and their candidate antibodies and shorten the research period for off-target detection and epitope identification. This system should improve the process of GPCR antibody development and provide a new strategy for GPCRs antibody screening.
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150
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Wang Y, Pasternak M, Sathiyamoorthy K, Kolios MC. Anti-HER2 PLGA-PEG polymer nanoparticle containing gold nanorods and paclitaxel for laser-activated breast cancer detection and therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:2171-2185. [PMID: 33996222 PMCID: PMC8086443 DOI: 10.1364/boe.419252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phase-transition nanoparticles have been identified as effective theragnostic, anti-cancer agents. However, non-selective delivery of these agents results in inaccurate diagnosis and insufficient treatment. In this study, we report on the development of targeted phase-transition polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for the imaging and treatment of breast cancer cell lines over-expressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). These NPs contain a perfluorohexane liquid interior and gold nanorods (GNRs) stabilized by biodegradable and biocompatible copolymer PLGA-PEG. Water-insoluble therapeutic drug Paclitaxel (PAC) and fluorescent dye were encapsulated into the PLGA shell. The NP surfaces were conjugated to HER2-binding agent, Herceptin, to actively target HER2-positive cancer cells. We evaluated the potential of using these NPs as a photoacoustic contrast agent. The efficacy of cancer cell treatment by laser-induced vaporization and stimulated drug release were also investigated. The results showed that our synthesized PLGA-PEG-GNRs (mean diameter 285 ± 29 nm) actively targeted HER2 positive cells with high efficacy. The laser-induced vaporization caused more damage to the targeted cells versus PAC-only and negative controls. This agent may provide better diagnostic imaging and therapeutic potential than current methods for treating HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- Physics Department, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Maurice Pasternak
- Biological Sciences Department, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Krishnan Sathiyamoorthy
- Physics Department, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Michael C. Kolios
- Physics Department, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
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