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Pluripotent stem cell-derived organogenesis in the rat model system. Transgenic Res 2019; 28:287-297. [PMID: 31254209 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-019-00161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rats make an excellent model system for studying xenotransplantation since, like mice pluripotent stem cell lines, such as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells as well as gene knock-outs are also available for rats, besides rats have larger organs. The emergence of new genome-editing tools combined with stem cell technology, has revolutionized biomedical research including the field of regenerative medicine. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the recent progresses in stem cell-derived organ regeneration involving "gene knock-out" and "blastocyst complementation" in the rat model system. Knocking-out Pdx1, Foxn1, and Sall1 genes have successfully generated rat models lacking the pancreas, thymus, and kidney, respectively. When allogeneic (rat) or xenogeneic (mouse) pluripotent stem cells were microinjected into blastocyst-stage rat embryos that had been designed to carry a suitable organogenetic niche, devoid of specific organs, the complemented blastocysts were able to develop to full-term chimeric rat offspring containing stem cell-derived functional organs in their respective niches. Thus, organs with a tridimensional structure can be generated with pluripotent stem cells in vivo, accelerating regenerative medical research, which is crucial for organ-based transplantation therapies. However, to address ethical concerns, public consent after informed discussions is essential before production of human organs within domestic animals.
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Biondi B, Kahaly GJ, Robertson RP. Thyroid Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus: Two Closely Associated Disorders. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:789-824. [PMID: 30649221 PMCID: PMC6507635 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are closely linked. Several studies have documented the increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus and vice versa. This review critically discusses the different underlying mechanisms linking type 1 and 2 diabetes and thyroid dysfunction to demonstrate that the association of these two common disorders is unlikely a simple coincidence. We assess the current state of knowledge on the central and peripheral control of thyroid hormone on food intake and glucose and lipid metabolism in target tissues (such as liver, white and brown adipose tissue, pancreatic β cells, and skeletal muscle) to explain the mechanism linking overt and subclinical hypothyroidism to type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We also elucidate the common susceptibility genes and the pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to the autoimmune mechanism involved in the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disorders. An untreated thyroid dysfunction can impair the metabolic control of diabetic patients, and this association can have important repercussions on the outcome of both of these disorders. Therefore, we offer recommendations for the diagnosis, management, and screening of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus, including the treatment of diabetic patients planning a pregnancy. We also discuss the major causes of failure to achieve an optimal management of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients and provide recommendations for assessing and treating these disorders during therapy with antidiabetic drugs. An algorithm for a correct approach of these disorders when linked is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Biondi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - George J Kahaly
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - R Paul Robertson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Shahbazian H, Aleali AM, Rashidi H, Latifi SM, Rashidi M, Yazdanpanah L, Zaman F, Payami SP, Moradi L, Jahanshahi A, Sedaghat A, Zakerkish M, Moradi M. Frequency of type I and II diabetes in newly diagnosed diabetic patients: Measuring C-Peptide level. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1833-1835. [PMID: 31235102 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that manifested as hyperglycemia due to the defect in secretion or function of insulin. This study aimed was to survey about frequency type I and II diabetes in newly diagnosed diabetic patients base on c-peptide and anti-glutamate acid decarboxylase (GAD) tests. MATERIALS & METHODS This study was conducted as a prospective study on 70 diabetic patients aged 15-45 years old who referred to diabetes clinics in Ahvaz city during 2012-2014 and their diabetes was diagnosed for the first time, but their type of diabetes was not clinically definitive. Patients with anti-GAD positive and fasting C-peptide level of less than 0.65 were diagnosed as type I diabetes. Patients with anti-GAD negative fasting C-peptide level of greater than or equal to 0.65 were considered as type II diabetes. RESULTS Eighty two patients (49 males and 33 females) with a mean age of 21.64 ± 4.36 years (range 15-34) and a mean BMI of 22.05 ± 4.41 kg/m2 (range 14-18) were studied. Twenty three patients (28.5%) had type I diabetes and 59 patients (71.95%) had type II diabetes. In patients with type I diabetes, the mean BMI was 24.86 ± 2.36 kg/m2 and the number of patients with family history (56.22%) was higher. In type II diabetic patients, the number of women (62.71%) was higher than that of men. CONCLUSION Anti-GAD test can be used as a predictive test for early diagnosis of disease and screening of people with a diagnosis of diabetes based on the type of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajieh Shahbazian
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Armaghan Moravej Aleali
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Homeira Rashidi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Leila Yazdanpanah
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ferdos Zaman
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Peyman Payami
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Leila Moradi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Jahanshahi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Sedaghat
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoosh Zakerkish
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mitra Moradi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Ozsu E, Cizmecioglu FM, Yesiltepe Mutlu G, Yuksel AB, Calıskan M, Yesilyurt A, Hatun S. Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young due to Glucokinase, HNF1-A, HNF1-B, and HNF4-A Mutations in a Cohort of Turkish Children Diagnosed as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Horm Res Paediatr 2019; 90:257-265. [PMID: 30481753 DOI: 10.1159/000494431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare condition often misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes (T1D). The purposes of this study were: to identify any patients followed in a large Turkish cohort as T1D, with an atypical natural history, who may in fact have MODY, and to define the criteria which would indicate patients with likely MODY as early as possible after presentation to allow prompt genetic testing. METHODS Urinary C-peptide/creatinine ratio (UCPCR) was studied in 152 patients having a diagnosis of T1D for at least 3 years. Those with a UCPCR ≥0.2 nmol/mmol were selected for genetic analysis of the Glucokinase (GCK), Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1a (HNF1A), Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a (HNF4A), and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b (HNF1B) genes. This UCPCR cut-off was used because of the reported high sensitivity and specificity. Cases were also evaluated using a MODY probability calculator. RESULTS Twenty-three patients from 152 participants (15.1%) had a UCPCR indicating persistent insulin reserve. The mean age ± SD of the patients was 13.6 ± 3.6 years (range 8.30-21.6). Of these 23, two (8.7%) were found to have a mutation, one with HNF4A and one with HNF1B mutation. No mutations were detected in the GCK or HNF1A genes. CONCLUSION In Turkish children with a diagnosis of T1D but who have persistent insulin reserve 3 years after diagnosis, up to 9% may have a genetic mutation indicating a diagnosis of MODY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ozsu
- Samsun Obstetrics and Children Hospital, İlkadım, Turkey,
| | - Filiz Mine Cizmecioglu
- University of Kocaeli, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Izmit, Turkey
| | - Gul Yesiltepe Mutlu
- University of Koc, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Bute Yuksel
- Derince Research and Training Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mursel Calıskan
- Department of Genetics, Dıskapı Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yesilyurt
- Department of Genetics, Dıskapı Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukru Hatun
- University of Koc, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, İstanbul, Turkey
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Dickens LT, Letourneau LR, Sanyoura M, Greeley SAW, Philipson LH, Naylor RN. Management and pregnancy outcomes of women with GCK-MODY enrolled in the US Monogenic Diabetes Registry. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:405-411. [PMID: 30535721 PMCID: PMC6468988 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS GCK-MODY is characterized by mild hyperglycemia. Treatment is not required outside of pregnancy. During pregnancy, insulin treatment is recommended if second trimester fetal ultrasound monitoring shows macrosomia, suggesting the fetus has not inherited the GCK gene. There are limited data about GCK-MODY management in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine clinical management and pregnancy outcomes amongst women with a known diagnosis of GCK-MODY. METHODS In this observational, cross-sectional study, a survey was distributed via Redcap to women ≥ 18 years enrolled in the University of Chicago Monogenic Diabetes Registry (n = 94). All or part of the survey was completed by 54 women (128 pregnancies). RESULTS There were 78 term births (61%), 15 pre-term births (12%), and 24 miscarriages (19%). Of the 39 pregnancies where insulin was given, 22 (56%) had occasional or frequent hypoglycemia including 9 with severe hypoglycemia. Average birth weight for full-term GCK-affected infants was significantly less in cases of maternal insulin treatment versus no treatment (2967 and 3725 g, p = 0.005). For GCK-unaffected infants, conclusions are limited by small sample size but large for gestational age (LGA) was common with maternal insulin treatment (56%) and no treatment (33%), p = 0.590. CONCLUSIONS The observed miscarriage rate was comparable to the background US population rate (15-20%). Patients treated with insulin experienced a 23% incidence of severe hypoglycemia and lower birth weights were observed in the insulin-treated, GCK-affected neonates. These data support published guidelines of no treatment if the fetus is suspected to have inherited GCK-MODY and highlight the importance of additional studies to determine optimal pregnancy management for GCK-MODY, particularly among unaffected fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura T Dickens
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Lisa R Letourneau
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - May Sanyoura
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Siri Atma W Greeley
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Louis H Philipson
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Rochelle N Naylor
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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In Vivo Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes and Their Usefulness for Evaluating Flavonoid Bioactivity. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030530. [PMID: 30823474 PMCID: PMC6470730 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
About 40% of the world’s population is overweight or obese and exist at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Obesity is a leading pathogenic factor for developing insulin resistance (IR). It is well established that IR and a progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are hallmarks of developing T2D. In order to mitigate the global prevalence of T2D, we must carefully select the appropriate animal models to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of T2D, and to optimize novel therapeutics for their safe use in humans. Flavonoids, a group of polyphenols, have drawn great interest for their various health benefits, and have been identified in naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds. Results from many clinical and animal studies demonstrate that dietary intake of flavonoids might prove helpful in preventing T2D. In this review, we discuss the currently available rodent animal models of T2D and analyze the advantages, the limitations of each T2D model, and highlight the potential anti-diabetic effects of flavonoids as well as the mechanisms of their actions.
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107
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Prasad G, Giri AK, Basu A, Tandon N, Bharadwaj D. Genomewide association study for C-reactive protein in Indians replicates known associations of common variants. J Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-019-1065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MODY6 due to mutations in the gene NEUROD1 is very rare, and details on its clinical manifestation and pathogenesis are scarce. In this review, we have summarized all reported cases of MODY6 diagnosed by genetic testing, and examined their clinical features in detail. RECENT FINDINGS MODY6 is a low penetrant MODY, suggesting that development of the disease is affected by genetic modifying factors, environmental factors, and/or the effects of interactions of genetic and environmental factors, as is the case with MODY5. Furthermore, while patients with MODY6 can usually achieve good glycemic control without insulin, when undiagnosed they are prone to become ketotic with chronic hyperglycemia, and microangiopathy can progress. MODY6 may also cause neurological abnormalities such as intellectual disability. MODY6 should be diagnosed early and definitively by genetic testing, so that the correct treatment can be started as soon as possible to prevent chronic hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Horikawa
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Enya
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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109
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Bouldjennet F, Hireche A, Kechout N, Bouaziz-Terrachet S, Azzouz M, Mihoubi E, Aissou A, Touil-Boukoffa C, Attal N, Raache R. Clinical characteristics of Algerian subjects with MODY p.R85W glucokinase mutation- in silico assessment of p.R85W effect on glucokinase structure and function. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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110
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Özdemir TR, Kırbıyık Ö, Dündar BN, Abacı A, Kaya ÖÖ, Çatlı G, Özyılmaz B, Acar S, Koç A, Güvenç MS, Kutbay YB, Erdoğan KM. Targeted next generation sequencing in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:1295-1304. [PMID: 30447144 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a common form of monogenic diabetes. Fourteen genes have been identified, each leading to cause a different type of MODY. The aims of this study were to reveal both known and novel variants in MODY genes in patients with MODY using targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) and to present the genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods Mutation analysis of MODY genes (GCK, HNF1A, HNF4A, HNF1B, ABCC8, INS and KCNJ11) was performed using targeted NGS in 106 patients with a clinical diagnosis of MODY. The variants were evaluated according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) Standards and Guidelines recommendations. Results A total of 18 (17%) variants were revealed among all patients. Seven variants in GCK, six in HNF4A, four in HNF1A and one in ABCC8 genes were found. Eight of them were previously published and 10 of them were assessed as novel pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. Conclusions While the most frequent mutations are found in the HNF1A gene in the literature, most of the variants were found in the GCK gene in our patient group using the NGS method, which allows simultaneous analysis of multiple genes in a single panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha R Özdemir
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kırbıyık
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bumin N Dündar
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Abacı
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Ö Kaya
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gönül Çatlı
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Berk Özyılmaz
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sezer Acar
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Altuğ Koç
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve S Güvenç
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yaşar B Kutbay
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kadri M Erdoğan
- Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Center, Izmir, Turkey
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Baeyens L, Lemper M, Staels W, De Groef S, De Leu N, Heremans Y, German MS, Heimberg H. (Re)generating Human Beta Cells: Status, Pitfalls, and Perspectives. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1143-1167. [PMID: 29717931 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus results from disturbed glucose homeostasis due to an absolute (type 1) or relative (type 2) deficiency of insulin, a peptide hormone almost exclusively produced by the beta cells of the endocrine pancreas in a tightly regulated manner. Current therapy only delays disease progression through insulin injection and/or oral medications that increase insulin secretion or sensitivity, decrease hepatic glucose production, or promote glucosuria. These drugs have turned diabetes into a chronic disease as they do not solve the underlying beta cell defects or entirely prevent the long-term complications of hyperglycemia. Beta cell replacement through islet transplantation is a more physiological therapeutic alternative but is severely hampered by donor shortage and immune rejection. A curative strategy should combine newer approaches to immunomodulation with beta cell replacement. Success of this approach depends on the development of practical methods for generating beta cells, either in vitro or in situ through beta cell replication or beta cell differentiation. This review provides an overview of human beta cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Baeyens
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Marie Lemper
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Willem Staels
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Groef
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Nico De Leu
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Michael S German
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Harry Heimberg
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
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Liu L, Liu Y, Ge X, Liu X, Chen C, Wang Y, Li M, Yin J, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Yang D, Zheng T, Lu M, Zhuang L, Jiang M. Insights into pathogenesis of five novel GCK mutations identified in Chinese MODY patients. Metabolism 2018; 89:8-17. [PMID: 30257192 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heterozygous inactivating mutations in GCK are associated with defects in pancreatic insulin secretion and/or hepatic glycogen synthesis leading to mild chronic hyperglycaemia of maturity onset diabetes of young type 2 (MODY2). However, the effect of naturally occurring GCK mutations on the pathogenesis for MODY2 hyperglycaemia remains largely unclear, especially in the Asian population. The aim of this study is to explore the potential pathogenicity of novel GCK mutations related to MODY2. METHODS Genetic screening for GCK mutations from 96 classical MODY families was performed, and structure-function characterization and clinical profile of identified GCK mutations were conducted. RESULTS Five novel (F195S, I211T, V222D, E236G and K458R) and five known (T49N, I159V, R186X, A188T and M381T) mutations were identified and co-segregated with hyperglycaemia in their pedigrees. R186X generates non-functional truncated form and V222D and E236G fully inactivate glucokinase due to severe structure disruptions. The other seven GCK mutations exhibited marked reductions in catalytic efficiency and thermo-stability; notably, the interaction with GKRP was significantly enhanced in I211T, I159V, T49N and K458R, reduced in F195S and M381T, and completely lost with A188T. 31% (17/55) of MODY2 patients showed signs of insulin resistance. Conventional hypoglycaemia treatment did not improve the HbA1C in MODY2 patients when insulin resistance is not present. CONCLUSIONS Five novel GCK mutations have been identified in Chinese MODY. The defects in enzymatic activity and protein stability, together with alteration of GKRP binding on GCK mutants may synergistically contribute to the development of MODY2 hyperglycaemia. No treatment should be prescribed to MODY2 patients when insulin resistance is not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Liu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Ge
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong-Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Molecular Cell and Biology, University of California at Berkeley, USA
| | - Yanzhong Wang
- School of Population Health and Environmental Science, King's College London, UK
| | - Ming Li
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yating Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weijing Zhao
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, USA
| | - Taishan Zheng
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Putuo Hospital Attached to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Langen Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Meisheng Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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113
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Association of Native American ancestry and common variants in ACE, ADIPOR2, MTNR1B, GCK, TCF7L2 and FTO genes with glycemic traits in Colombian population. Gene 2018; 677:198-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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114
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Siddiqui S, Waghdhare S, Gopi S, Bhargava A, Panda M, Radha V, Mohan V, Dubey S, Jha S. GCK Gene Screening and Association of GCK Variants With Gestational Diabetes in North Indian Population. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETES 2018; 11:1179551418806896. [PMID: 30386132 PMCID: PMC6204622 DOI: 10.1177/1179551418806896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: GCK gene variants have been reported to be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Caucasian population. There are no reports exploring this association in the Indian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study included subjects from Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India, over a span of 6 months. Females diagnosed with GDM as per the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria were enrolled. Direct gene sequencing was performed to screen all 10 exons and promoter region of GCK gene. Results: Out of the total 1000 females screened, 154 subjects had any degree of hyperglycemia. GCK gene screening was done and we observed 11 variants in 80.4% (41/51) of the GDM subset and 89.6% (43/48) of the controls. Allele frequencies of observed variants were not different between the control subjects (12.5%) and those diagnosed with GDM (8.4%). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from north India exploring association of GCK variants with GDM and we do not observe any association of GCK variants with GDM in our study population. CTRI Registration No: CTRI/2017/07/008964
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Affiliation(s)
- Samreen Siddiqui
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Max Healthcare Institute Ltd., New Delhi, India.,Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
| | - Swati Waghdhare
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Max Healthcare Institute Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Gopi
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Amit Bhargava
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Max Healthcare Institute Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Manju Panda
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Max Healthcare Institute Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India.,Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non Communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai, India
| | - Shweta Dubey
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India
| | - Sujeet Jha
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Max Healthcare Institute Ltd., New Delhi, India
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115
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Mayer-Davis EJ, Kahkoska AR, Jefferies C, Dabelea D, Balde N, Gong CX, Aschner P, Craig ME. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19 Suppl 27:7-19. [PMID: 30226024 PMCID: PMC7521365 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anna R. Kahkoska
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Craig Jefferies
- Starship Children’s Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Naby Balde
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Chun X. Gong
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Maria E. Craig
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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116
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Ma Y, Han X, Zhou X, Li Y, Gong S, Zhang S, Cai X, Zhou L, Luo Y, Li M, Liu W, Zhang X, Ren Q, Ji L. A new clinical screening strategy and prevalence estimation for glucokinase variant-induced diabetes in an adult Chinese population. Genet Med 2018; 21:939-947. [DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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117
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Xie F, Chan JCN, Ma RCW. Precision medicine in diabetes prevention, classification and management. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9:998-1015. [PMID: 29499103 PMCID: PMC6123056 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has become a major burden of healthcare expenditure. Diabetes management following a uniform treatment algorithm is often associated with progressive treatment failure and development of diabetic complications. Recent advances in our understanding of the genomic architecture of diabetes and its complications have provided the framework for development of precision medicine to personalize diabetes prevention and management. In the present review, we summarized recent advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of diabetes and its complications. From a clinician's perspective, we attempted to provide a balanced perspective on the utility of genomic medicine in the field of diabetes. Using genetic information to guide management of monogenic forms of diabetes represents the best-known examples of genomic medicine for diabetes. Although major strides have been made in genetic research for diabetes, its complications and pharmacogenetics, ongoing efforts are required to translate these findings into practice by incorporating genetic information into a risk prediction model for prioritization of treatment strategies, as well as using multi-omic analyses to discover novel drug targets with companion diagnostics. Further research is also required to ensure the appropriate use of this information to empower individuals and healthcare professionals to make personalized decisions for achieving the optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangying Xie
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
| | - Juliana CN Chan
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- CUHK‐SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision MedicinePrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
| | - Ronald CW Ma
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- CUHK‐SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision MedicinePrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
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118
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The E3 SUMO ligase PIASγ is a novel interaction partner regulating the activity of diabetes associated hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12780. [PMID: 30143652 PMCID: PMC6109179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1A) is involved in normal pancreas development and function. Rare variants in the HNF1A gene can cause monogenic diabetes, while common variants confer type 2 diabetes risk. The precise mechanisms for regulation of HNF-1A, including the role and function of post-translational modifications, are still largely unknown. Here, we present the first evidence for HNF-1A being a substrate of SUMOylation in cellulo and identify two lysine (K) residues (K205 and K273) as SUMOylation sites. Overexpression of protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIASγ) represses the transcriptional activity of HNF-1A and is dependent on simultaneous HNF-1A SUMOylation at K205 and K273. Moreover, PIASγ is a novel HNF-1A interaction partner whose expression leads to translocation of HNF-1A to the nuclear periphery. Thus, our findings support that the E3 SUMO ligase PIASγ regulates HNF-1A SUMOylation with functional implications, representing new targets for drug development and precision medicine in diabetes.
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119
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Martagón AJ, Bello-Chavolla OY, Arellano-Campos O, Almeda-Valdés P, Walford GA, Cruz-Bautista I, Gómez-Velasco DV, Mehta R, Muñoz-Hernández L, Sevilla-González M, Viveros-Ruiz TL, Ordoñez-Sánchez ML, Rodríguez-Guillen R, Florez JC, Tusié-Luna MT, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Mercader JM, Huerta-Chagoya A, Moreno-Macías H, García-Ortiz H, Manning A, Caulkins L, Flannick J, Patterson N, Martínez-Hernández A, Centeno-Cruz F, Barajas-Olmos FM, Zerrweck C, Contreras-Cubas C, Mendoza-Caamal E, Revilla-Monsalve C, Islas Andrade S, Córdova E, Soberón X, González-Villalpando ME, Wilkens L, Le Marchand L, Monroe K, Kolonel L, Arellano-Campos O, Ordóñez-Sánchez ML, Rodríguez-Torres M, Segura-Kato Y, Rodríguez-Guillén R, Cruz-Bautista I, Muñoz-Hernández LL, Martagón AJ, Sevilla Gonzalez MDR, Gómez D, Almeda-Valdés P, Garay ME, Malacara Hernandez JM, Burtt NP, Cortes ML, Altshuler DM, Haiman CA, Aguilar-Salinas CA, González-Villalpando C, Orozco L, Tusié-Luna T, Florez JC. Mexican Carriers of the HNF1A p.E508K Variant Do Not Experience an Enhanced Response to Sulfonylureas. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1726-1731. [PMID: 29844095 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether an ethnic-specific variant (p.E508K) in the maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) gene hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF1A) found in Mexicans is associated with higher sensitivity to sulfonylureas, as documented in patients with MODY3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We recruited 96 participants (46 variant carriers and 50 age- and sex-matched noncarriers). Response to glipizide (one 2.5-5.0-mg dose), metformin (four 500-mg doses), and an oral glucose challenge was evaluated using a previously validated protocol. Glucose and insulin levels and their areas under the curve (AUCs) were compared between groups. RESULTS Carriers of the p.E508K variant had a lower maximum insulin peak during the glipizide challenge as compared with noncarriers with diabetes (P < 0.05). Also, carriers had a lower insulin response after the oral glucose challenge. Following an oral glucose tolerance test in the presence of metformin, carriers of the p.E508K variant with diabetes had a lower maximum insulin peak and total and incremental insulin AUC value as compared with noncarriers with diabetes (P < 0.05). A similar but nonsignificant trend was seen in participants without type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Carriers of variant p.E508K in HNF1A have a reduced insulin response rather than the increased sensitivity to sulfonylureas seen in patients with MODY3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro J. Martagón
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Omar Yaxmehen Bello-Chavolla
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Olimpia Arellano-Campos
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Paloma Almeda-Valdés
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Geoffrey A. Walford
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ivette Cruz-Bautista
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Donají V. Gómez-Velasco
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Roopa Mehta
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Liliana Muñoz-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Magdalena Sevilla-González
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Tannia L. Viveros-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Luisa Ordoñez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosario Rodríguez-Guillen
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - María Teresa Tusié-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciudad de México, México
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
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Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young – An Overview of Common Types. A Review. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES NUTRITION AND METABOLIC DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/rjdnmd-2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims: Maturity Onset diabetes in Young (MODY) is an autosomal dominant disease and according to an estimate, the MODY cases are 2% of all the diabetic cases. The objective was to review the common types of MODY reported in literature in context to their geographical areas. Material and method: For literature search, PubMed data base was used. The key word was “Maturity onset diabetes of the young”. The articles were reviewed by titles and if found relevant, the abstract and full article (if available) were retrieved. The studies that were published in English, presented original data and describe type of MODY were included. The information related to author, year of publication and type of MODY was extracted in excel sheet. Results: A total of 1135 studies resulted which were reviewed, and 206 articles were finally selected. The studies were grouped according to the regions i.e. Asia, Europe, America, Africa and Australia & Oceania. The MODY 2 was most prevalent in regions i.e. Asia, Europe, America and Australia & Oceania followed by MODY 3. When analysed according to countries, MODY 2 was found prevalent in India, Korea, UK, Italy, Spain, Czech Republic, Canada and Brazil while MODY 3 was common in Japan, China, France Norway and Germany. Conclusion: The MODY 2 was most common. The data from south Asian countries including Pakistan is lacking. As there is a huge burden of diabetes in the country so there is a dire need to do large scale studies on MODY in the country.
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121
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Braverman-Gross C, Nudel N, Ronen D, Beer NL, McCarthy MI, Benvenisty N. Derivation and molecular characterization of pancreatic differentiated MODY1-iPSCs. Stem Cell Res 2018; 31:16-26. [PMID: 29990710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a hereditary form of diabetes mellitus presenting at childhood or adolescence, which eventually leads to pancreatic β-cells dysfunction. The underlying genetic basis of MODY disorders is haploinsufficiency, where loss-of-function mutations in a single allele cause the diabetic phenotype in heterozygous patients. MODY1 is a type of MODY disorder resulting from a mutation in the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α). In order to establish a human based model to study MODY1, we generated patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Differentiation of these pluripotent cells towards the pancreatic lineage enabled to evaluate the effects of the MODY1 mutation and its impact on endodermal and pancreatic cells. Analyzing the gene expression profiles of differentiated MODY1 cells, revealed the outcome of HNF4α haploinsufficiency on its targets. This molecular analysis suggests that the differential expression of HNF4α target genes in MODY1 is affected by the number of HNF4α binding sites, their distance from the transcription start site, and the number of other transcription factor binding sites. These features may help explain the molecular manifestations of haploinsufficiency in MODY1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Braverman-Gross
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Neta Nudel
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Daniel Ronen
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Nicola L Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nissim Benvenisty
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Hawkins LJ, Al-Attar R, Storey KB. Transcriptional regulation of metabolism in disease: From transcription factors to epigenetics. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5062. [PMID: 29922517 PMCID: PMC6005171 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in an individual has largely the same genomic sequence and yet cells in different tissues can present widely different phenotypes. This variation arises because each cell expresses a specific subset of genomic instructions. Control over which instructions, or genes, are expressed is largely controlled by transcriptional regulatory pathways. Each cell must assimilate a huge amount of environmental input, and thus it is of no surprise that transcription is regulated by many intertwining mechanisms. This large regulatory landscape means there are ample possibilities for problems to arise, which in a medical context means the development of disease states. Metabolism within the cell, and more broadly, affects and is affected by transcriptional regulation. Metabolism can therefore contribute to improper transcriptional programming, or pathogenic metabolism can be the result of transcriptional dysregulation. Here, we discuss the established and emerging mechanisms for controling transcription and how they affect metabolism in the context of pathogenesis. Cis- and trans-regulatory elements, microRNA and epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA and histone methylation, all have input into what genes are transcribed. Each has also been implicated in diseases such as metabolic syndrome, various forms of diabetes, and cancer. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of these areas and highlight some natural models that may inspire future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J Hawkins
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rasha Al-Attar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Pavić T, Juszczak A, Pape Medvidović E, Burrows C, Šekerija M, Bennett AJ, Ćuća Knežević J, Gloyn AL, Lauc G, McCarthy MI, Gornik O, Owen KR. Maturity onset diabetes of the young due to HNF1A variants in Croatia. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2018; 28:020703. [PMID: 29666556 PMCID: PMC5898959 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2018.020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maturity onset diabetes of the young due to HNF1A mutations (HNF1A-MODY) is the most frequent form of monogenic diabetes in adults. It is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes, but establishing genetic diagnosis is important, as treatment differs from the common types of diabetes. HNF1A-MODY has not been investigated in Croatia before due to limited access to genetic testing. In this study we aimed to describe the characteristics of young adults diagnosed with diabetes before the age of 45 years, who have rare HNF1A allele variants, and estimate the prevalence of HNF1A-MODY in Croatia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 477 C-peptide positive and beta cell antibody negative subjects through the Croatian Diabetes Registry. HNF1A was sequenced for all participants and systematic assessment of the variants found was performed. The prevalence of HNF1A-MODY was calculated in the study group and results extrapolated to estimate the proportion of diabetic individuals with HNF1A-MODY in Croatia and the population prevalence. RESULTS Our study identified 13 individuals harbouring rare HNF1A allelic variants. After systematic assessment, 8 were assigned a diagnosis of HNF1A-MODY. Two individuals were able to discontinue insulin treatment following the diagnosis. We estimated that HNF1A-MODY in Croatia has a prevalence of 66 (95% CI 61 - 72) cases per million. CONCLUSIONS The estimated prevalence of HNF1A-MODY in Croatia is similar to that reported in other European countries. Finding cases lead to important treatment changes for patients. This strongly supports the introduction of diagnostic genetic testing for monogenic diabetes in Croatia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Pavić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Agata Juszczak
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Carla Burrows
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mario Šekerija
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Amanda J Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jadranka Ćuća Knežević
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Genos Ltd, Glycobiology Division, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - Olga Gornik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kulanuwat S, Tangjittipokin W, Jungtrakoon P, Chanprasert C, Sujjitjoon J, Binnima N, Yenchitsomanus PT, Plengvidhya N. DNAJC3 mutation in Thai familial type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1064-1073. [PMID: 29767246 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease, with certain cases presenting an autosomal dominant type. The rare coding variants of disease‑causing genes in T2D remain mostly unclear. The present study aimed to identify the disease‑causing gene conducting whole exome sequencing in a Thai T2D family with an autosomal dominant transmission of T2D with no evidence of mutations in known maturity‑onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes. Candidate variants were selected according to certain criteria of mutation prediction programs, followed by segregation analysis with diabetes in the family. The results demonstrated that, of the 68,817 variants obtained, 122 were considered as candidate variants subsequent to the filtering processes. Genotyping of these variants revealed that DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 (DNAJC3) p.H238N segregated with diabetes in the family. This mutation was also identified in another proband from the autosomal dominant T2D family without mutation in known MODY genes and was segregated with diabetes. This variant was also identified in 14/1,000 older‑onset T2D patients [minor allele frequency (MAF)=0.007], 2/500 non‑diabetic controls (MAF=0.002) and 3 prediabetic individuals who were previously classified as non‑diabetic controls. In silico mutagenesis and protein modeling of p.H238N revealed changes of the polar contacts across the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motif and TPR subdomains, which may affect the protein tertiary structure. Furthermore, the expression of DNAJC3 H238N protein was 0.68±0.08 fold (P<0.05) lower when compared with that of the wild‑type, possibly due to protein instability. Thus, DNAJC3 p.H238N is likely to be a variant causing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikul Kulanuwat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Watip Tangjittipokin
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Jungtrakoon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chutima Chanprasert
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Sujjitjoon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ninareeman Binnima
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nattachet Plengvidhya
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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The molecular functions of hepatocyte nuclear factors - In and beyond the liver. J Hepatol 2018; 68:1033-1048. [PMID: 29175243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) namely HNF1α/β, FOXA1/2/3, HNF4α/γ and ONECUT1/2 are expressed in a variety of tissues and organs, including the liver, pancreas and kidney. The spatial and temporal manner of HNF expression regulates embryonic development and subsequently the development of multiple tissues during adulthood. Though the HNFs were initially identified individually based on their roles in the liver, numerous studies have now revealed that the HNFs cross-regulate one another and exhibit synergistic relationships in the regulation of tissue development and function. The complex HNF transcriptional regulatory networks have largely been elucidated in rodent models, but less so in human biological systems. Several heterozygous mutations in these HNFs were found to cause diseases in humans but not in rodents, suggesting clear species-specific differences in mutational mechanisms that remain to be uncovered. In this review, we compare and contrast the expression patterns of the HNFs, the HNF cross-regulatory networks and how these liver-enriched transcription factors serve multiple functions in the liver and beyond, extending our focus to the pancreas and kidney. We also summarise the insights gained from both human and rodent studies of mutations in several HNFs that are known to lead to different disease conditions.
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126
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No novel, high penetrant gene might remain to be found in Japanese patients with unknown MODY. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:821-829. [PMID: 29670293 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
MODY 5 and 6 have been shown to be low-penetrant MODYs. As the genetic background of unknown MODY is assumed to be similar, a new analytical strategy is applied here to elucidate genetic predispositions to unknown MODY. We examined to find whether there are major MODY gene loci remaining to be identified using SNP linkage analysis in Japanese. Whole-exome sequencing was performed with seven families with typical MODY. Candidates for novel MODY genes were examined combined with in silico network analysis. Some peaks were found only in either parametric or non-parametric analysis; however, none of these peaks showed a LOD score greater than 3.7, which is approved to be the significance threshold of evidence for linkage. Exome sequencing revealed that three mutated genes were common among 3 families and 42 mutated genes were common in two families. Only one of these genes, MYO5A, having rare amino acid mutations p.R849Q and p.V1601G, was involved in the biological network of known MODY genes through the intermediary of the INS. Although only one promising candidate gene, MYO5A, was identified, no novel, high penetrant MODY genes might remain to be found in Japanese MODY.
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Kong S, Ruan J, Zhang K, Hu B, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Yang S, Li K. Kill two birds with one stone: making multi-transgenic pre-diabetes mouse models through insulin resistance and pancreatic apoptosis pathogenesis. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4542. [PMID: 29682407 PMCID: PMC5909684 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance accompanied by defective insulin secretion. Transgenic mouse models play an important role in medical research. However, single transgenic mouse models may not mimic the complex phenotypes of most cases of type 2 diabetes. METHODS Focusing on genes related to pancreatic islet damage, peripheral insulin resistance and related environmental inducing factors, we generated single-transgenic (C/EBP homology protein, CHOP) mice (CHOP mice), dual-transgenic (human islet amyloid polypeptide, hIAPP; CHOP) mice (hIAPP-CHOP mice) and triple-transgenic (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, 11β-HSD1; hIAPP; CHOP) mice (11β-HSD1-hIAPP- CHOP mice). The latter two types of transgenic (Tg) animals were induced with high-fat high-sucrose diets (HFHSD). We analyzed the diabetes-related symptoms and histology features of the transgenic animals. RESULTS Comparing symptoms on the spot-checked points, we determined that the triple-transgene mice were more suitable for systematic study. The results of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) of triple-transgene animals began to change 60 days after induction (p < 0.001). After 190 days of induction, the body weights (p < 0.01) and plasma glucose of the animals in Tg were higher than those of the animals in Negative Control (Nc). After sacrificed, large amounts of lipid were found deposited in adipose (p < 0.01) and ectopically deposited in the non-adipose tissues (p < 0.05 or 0.01) of the animals in the Tg HFHSD group. The weights of kidneys and hearts of Tg animals were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Serum C peptide (C-P) was decreased due to Tg effects, and insulin levels were increased due to the effects of the HFHSD in the Tg HFHSD group, indicating that damaged insulin secretion and insulin resistance hyperinsulinemia existed simultaneously in these animals. The serum corticosterone of Tg was slightly higher than those of Nc due to the effects of the 11βHSD-1 transgene and obesity. In Tg HFHSD, hepatic adipose deposition was more severe and the pancreatic islet area was enlarged under compensation, accompanying apoptosis. In the transgenic control diet (Tg ControlD) group, hepatic adipose deposition was also severe, pancreatic islets were damaged, and their areas were decreased (p < 0.05), and apoptosis of pancreatic cells occurred. Taken together, these data show the transgenes led to early-stage pathological changes characteristic of type 2 diabetes in the triple-transgene HFHSD group. The disease of triple-transgenic mice was more severe than that of dual or single-transgenic mice. CONCLUSION The use of multi-transgenes involved in insulin resistance and pancreatic apoptosis is a better way to generate polygene-related early-stage diabetes models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxue Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Bingjun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resource and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Ben Khelifa S, Martinez R, Dandana A, Khochtali I, Ferchichi S, Castaño L. Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Tunisia: Low frequencies of GCK and HNF1A mutations. Gene 2018; 651:44-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
The majority of gene loci that have been associated with type 2 diabetes play a role in pancreatic islet function. To evaluate the role of islet gene expression in the etiology of diabetes, we sensitized a genetically diverse mouse population with a Western diet high in fat (45% kcal) and sucrose (34%) and carried out genome-wide association mapping of diabetes-related phenotypes. We quantified mRNA abundance in the islets and identified 18,820 expression QTL. We applied mediation analysis to identify candidate causal driver genes at loci that affect the abundance of numerous transcripts. These include two genes previously associated with monogenic diabetes (PDX1 and HNF4A), as well as three genes with nominal association with diabetes-related traits in humans (FAM83E, IL6ST, and SAT2). We grouped transcripts into gene modules and mapped regulatory loci for modules enriched with transcripts specific for α-cells, and another specific for δ-cells. However, no single module enriched for β-cell-specific transcripts, suggesting heterogeneity of gene expression patterns within the β-cell population. A module enriched in transcripts associated with branched-chain amino acid metabolism was the most strongly correlated with physiological traits that reflect insulin resistance. Although the mice in this study were not overtly diabetic, the analysis of pancreatic islet gene expression under dietary-induced stress enabled us to identify correlated variation in groups of genes that are functionally linked to diabetes-associated physiological traits. Our analysis suggests an expected degree of concordance between diabetes-associated loci in the mouse and those found in human populations, and demonstrates how the mouse can provide evidence to support nominal associations found in human genome-wide association mapping.
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130
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Horikawa Y, Enya M, Mabe H, Fukushima K, Takubo N, Ohashi M, Ikeda F, Hashimoto KI, Watada H, Takeda J. NEUROD1-deficient diabetes (MODY6): Identification of the first cases in Japanese and the clinical features. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:236-242. [PMID: 28664602 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Only a few families with neuronal differentiation 1 (NEUROD1)-deficient diabetes, currently designated as maturity-onset diabetes of the young 6 (MODY6), have been reported, but mostly in Caucasian, and no mutation has been identified by family-based screening in Japanese. Accordingly, the phenotypic details of the disease remain to be elucidated. METHODS We examined a total of 275 subjects having diabetes suspected to be MODY who were negative for mutations in MODY1-5 referred from 155 medical institutions throughout Japan. So as not to miss low penetrant cases, we examined non-obese Japanese patients with early-onset diabetes regardless of the presence of family history by direct sequencing of all exons and flanking regions of NEUROD1 . Large genomic rearrangements also were examined. RESULTS Four patients with 3 frameshift mutations and 1 missense mutation, all of which were heterozygous and 3 of which were novel, were identified. Diabetic ketosis was found occasionally in these patients even under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia, for unknown reasons. Although the capacity of early-phase insulin secretion was low in these patients, the insulin secretory capacity was relatively preserved compared to that in hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)1A- and HNF1B-MODY. One of the patients and 2 of their diabetic mothers were found to have some mental or neuronal abnormality. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of NEUROD1 mutations in Japanese, who have a genetic background of intrinsically lower capacity of insulin secretion. NEUROD1-deficient diabetes appears to be low penetrant, and may occur in concert with other genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Horikawa
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mayumi Enya
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Mabe
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kei Fukushima
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Takubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ohashi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saku Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Fuki Ikeda
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hashimoto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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Wong CK, Wade-Vallance AK, Luciani DS, Brindle PK, Lynn FC, Gibson WT. The p300 and CBP Transcriptional Coactivators Are Required for β-Cell and α-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2018; 67:412-422. [PMID: 29217654 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
p300 (EP300) and CBP (CREBBP) are transcriptional coactivators with histone acetyltransferase activity. Various β-cell transcription factors can recruit p300/CBP, and thus the coactivators could be important for β-cell function and health in vivo. We hypothesized that p300/CBP contribute to the development and proper function of pancreatic islets. To test this, we bred and studied mice lacking p300/CBP in their islets. Mice lacking either p300 or CBP in islets developed glucose intolerance attributable to impaired insulin secretion, together with reduced α- and β-cell area and islet insulin content. These phenotypes were exacerbated in mice with only a single copy of p300 or CBP expressed in islets. Removing p300 in pancreatic endocrine progenitors impaired proliferation of neonatal α- and β-cells. Mice lacking all four copies of p300/CBP in pancreatic endocrine progenitors failed to establish α- and β-cell mass postnatally. Transcriptomic analyses revealed significant overlaps between p300/CBP-downregulated genes and genes downregulated in Hnf1α-null islets and Nkx2.2-null islets, among others. Furthermore, p300/CBP are important for the acetylation of H3K27 at loci downregulated in Hnf1α-null islets. We conclude that p300 and CBP are limiting cofactors for islet development, and hence for postnatal glucose homeostasis, with some functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Dan S Luciani
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Francis C Lynn
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Fex M, Nicholas LM, Vishnu N, Medina A, Sharoyko VV, Nicholls DG, Spégel P, Mulder H. The pathogenetic role of β-cell mitochondria in type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:R145-R159. [PMID: 29431147 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is a major determinant of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Type 2 diabetes evolves when β-cells fail to release appropriate amounts of insulin in response to glucose. This results in hyperglycemia and metabolic dysregulation. Evidence has recently been mounting that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in these processes. Monogenic dysfunction of mitochondria is a rare condition but causes a type 2 diabetes-like syndrome owing to β-cell failure. Here, we describe novel advances in research on mitochondrial dysfunction in the β-cell in type 2 diabetes, with a focus on human studies. Relevant studies in animal and cell models of the disease are described. Transcriptional and translational regulation in mitochondria are particularly emphasized. The role of metabolic enzymes and pathways and their impact on β-cell function in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology are discussed. The role of genetic variation in mitochondrial function leading to type 2 diabetes is highlighted. We argue that alterations in mitochondria may be a culprit in the pathogenetic processes culminating in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Fex
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lisa M Nicholas
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Neelanjan Vishnu
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anya Medina
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Vladimir V Sharoyko
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David G Nicholls
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Spégel
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöUnit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Ushijima K, Fukami M, Ayabe T, Narumi S, Okuno M, Nakamura A, Takahashi T, Ihara K, Ohkubo K, Tachikawa E, Nakayama S, Arai J, Kikuchi N, Kikuchi T, Kawamura T, Urakami T, Hata K, Nakabayashi K, Matsubara Y, Amemiya S, Ogata T, Yokota I, Sugihara S. Comprehensive screening for monogenic diabetes in 89 Japanese children with insulin-requiring antibody-negative type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:243-250. [PMID: 28597946 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in causative genes for neonatal diabetes or maturity-onset diabetes of the young have been identified in multiple patients with autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes (T1D). OBJECTIVES We aimed to clarify the prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of monogenic abnormalities among 89 children with autoantibody-negative insulin-requiring T1D. METHODS Mutations in 30 genes were screened using next-generation sequencing, and copy-number alterations of 4 major causative genes were examined using multiplex-ligation-dependent probe amplification. We compared the clinical characteristics between mutation carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS We identified 11 probable pathogenic substitutions (6 in INS , 2 in HNF1A , 2 in HNF4A , and 1 in HNF1B ) in 11 cases, but no copy-number abnormalities. Only 2 mutation carriers had affected parents. De novo occurrence was confirmed for 3 mutations. The non-carrier group, but not the carrier group, was enriched with susceptible HLA alleles. Mutation carriers exhibited comparable phenotypes to those of non-carriers, except for a relatively normal body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated significant genetic overlap between autoantibody-negative T1D and monogenic diabetes. Mutations in INS and HNF genes, but not those in GCK and other monogenic diabetes genes, likely play critical roles in children with insulin-requiring T1D. This study also suggests the relatively high de novo rates of INS and HNF mutations, and the etiological link between autoimmune abnormalities and T1D in the non-carrier group. Carriers of monogenic mutations show non-specific phenotypes among all T1D cases, although they are more likely to have a normal BMI at diagnosis than non-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikumi Ushijima
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Ayabe
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Sanaikai General Hospital, Misato, Japan
| | - Satoshi Narumi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misako Okuno
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akie Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University School of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ohkubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emiko Tachikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Mominoki Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Junichi Arai
- Department of Pediatrics, Hosogi Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University Faculty of Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Urakami
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsubara
- Institute Director, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Amemiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University Faculty of Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yokota
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Sugihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Monogenic diabetes accounts for 1-2% of all diabetes cases, but is frequently misdiagnosed as type 1, type 2, or gestational diabetes. Accurate genetic diagnosis directs management, such as no pharmacologic treatment for GCK-MODY, low-dose sulfonylureas for HNF1A-MODY and HNF4A-MODY, and high-dose sulfonylureas for KATP channel-related diabetes. While diabetes treatment is defined for the most common causes of monogenic diabetes, pregnancy poses a challenge to management. Here, we discuss the key issues in pregnancy affected by monogenic diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS General recommendations for pregnancy affected by GCK-MODY determine need for maternal insulin treatment based on fetal mutation status. However, a recent study suggests macrosomia and miscarriage rates may be increased with this strategy. Recent demonstration of transplacental transfer of sulfonylureas also raises questions as to when insulin should be initiated in sulfonylurea-responsive forms of monogenic diabetes. Pregnancy represents a challenge in management of monogenic diabetes, where factors of maternal glycemic control, fetal mutation status, and transplacental transfer of medication must all be taken into consideration. Guidelines for pregnancy affected by monogenic diabetes will benefit from large, prospective studies to better define the need for and timing of initiation of insulin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura T Dickens
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Rochelle N Naylor
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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135
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Pathway-induced allelic spectra of diseases in the presence of strong genetic effects. Hum Genet 2018; 137:215-230. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-018-1872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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136
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Zhou YJ, Yin RX, Hong SC, Yang Q, Cao XL, Chen WX. Association of the HNF1A polymorphisms and serum lipid traits, the risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke. J Gene Med 2018; 19. [PMID: 28035729 PMCID: PMC6681139 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α gene (HNF1A) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with serum lipid traits in several previous genome-wide association studies. However, little is known about such associations in the Chinese populations. The present study aimed to determine the association of the HNF1A rs1169288, rs2259820, rs2464196 and rs2650000 SNPs and serum lipid traits, the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS The genotypes of the four SNPs in 562 CAD and 521 IS patients, as well as 594 healthy controls, were detected using the Snapshot technology. RESULTS The genotype and allele distribution of the four SNPs was not different between controls and CAD or IS patients (p > 0.05 for all). rs1169288, rs2259820 and rs2464196 SNPs were significantly associated with serum lipid levels in both controls and CAD patients (p < 0.004-0.009). rs2259820 and rs2464196 SNPs were significantly associated with a lower risk of CAD [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.44-0.91, p = 0.015 and OR =0.62, 95% CI = 0.43-0.89, p = 0.010, respectively]. Significant linkage disequilibrium was noted among the four SNPs (r2 > 0.5, D' > 0.8). The haplotype of rs1169288A-rs2259820C-rs2464196G-rs2650000A was associated with an increased risk of CAD (OR =1.95, 95% CI: 1.13-3.37, p = 0.015). Interactions of SNP-SNP (rs1169288-rs2464196-rs2650000) and haplotype-environment on the risk of CAD (A-C-G-A-smoking) or IS (A-C-G-A-sex and A-T-A-C-alcohol consumption) were also observed among these SNPs. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the HNF1A polymorphisms may be the genetic risk factors for CAD and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shao-Cai Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangxi Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Nanning, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wu-Xian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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137
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Tuerxunyiming M, Xian F, Zi J, Yimamu Y, Abuduwayite R, Ren Y, Li Q, Abudula A, Liu S, Mohemaiti P. Quantitative Evaluation of Serum Proteins Uncovers a Protein Signature Related to Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY). J Proteome Res 2018; 17:670-679. [PMID: 29182332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an inherited monogenic type of diabetes. Genetic mutations in MODY often cause nonsynonymous changes that directly lead to the functional distortion of proteins and the pathological consequences. Herein, we proposed that the inherited mutations found in a MODY family could cause a disturbance of protein abundance, specifically in serum. The serum samples were collected from a Uyghur MODY family through three generations, and the serum proteins after depletion treatment were examined by quantitative proteomics to characterize the MODY-related serum proteins followed by verification using target quantification of proteomics. A total of 32 serum proteins were preliminarily identified as the MODY-related. Further verification test toward the individual samples demonstrated the 12 candidates with the significantly different abundance in the MODY patients. A comparison of the 12 proteins among the sera of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, MODY, and healthy subjects was conducted and revealed a protein signature related with MODY composed of the serum proteins such as SERPINA7, APOC4, LPA, C6, and F5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Xian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zi
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | | | | | - Yan Ren
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Qidan Li
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | | | - SiQi Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.,Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
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138
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Firdous P, Nissar K, Ali S, Ganai BA, Shabir U, Hassan T, Masoodi SR. Genetic Testing of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Current Status and Future Perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:253. [PMID: 29867778 PMCID: PMC5966560 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global epidemic problem growing exponentially in Asian countries posing a serious threat. Among diabetes, maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a heterogeneous group of monogenic disorders that occurs due to β cell dysfunction. Genetic defects in the pancreatic β-cells result in the decrease of insulin production required for glucose utilization thereby lead to early-onset diabetes (often <25 years). It is generally considered as non-insulin dependent form of diabetes and comprises of 1-5% of total diabetes. Till date, 14 genes have been identified and mutation in them may lead to MODY. Different genetic testing methodologies like linkage analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and DNA sequencing are used for the accurate and correct investigation of gene mutations associated with MODY. The next-generation sequencing has emerged as one of the most promising and effective tools to identify novel mutated genes related to MODY. Diagnosis of MODY is mainly relying on the sequential screening of the three marker genes like hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1α), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), and glucokinase (GCK). Interestingly, MODY patients can be managed by diet alone for many years and may also require minimal doses of sulfonylureas. The primary objective of this article is to provide a review on current status of MODY, its prevalence, genetic testing/diagnosis, possible treatment, and future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveena Firdous
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Kamran Nissar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Ali
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Bashir Ahmad Ganai,
| | - Uzma Shabir
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Toyeeba Hassan
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shariq Rashid Masoodi
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
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139
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Identification of genes highly downregulated in pancreatic cancer through a meta-analysis of microarray datasets: implications for discovery of novel tumor-suppressor genes and therapeutic targets. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 144:309-320. [PMID: 29288362 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The lack of specific symptoms at early tumor stages, together with a high biological aggressiveness of the tumor contribute to the high mortality rate for pancreatic cancer (PC), which has a 5-year survival rate of about 7%. Recent failures of targeted therapies inhibiting kinase activity in clinical trials have highlighted the need for new approaches towards combating this deadly disease. METHODS In this study, we have identified genes that are significantly downregulated in PC, through a meta-analysis of large number of microarray datasets. We have used qRT-PCR to confirm the downregulation of selected genes in a panel of PC cell lines. RESULTS This study has yielded several novel candidate tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) including GNMT, CEL, PLA2G1B and SERPINI2. We highlight the role of GNMT, a methyl transferase associated with the methylation potential of the cell, and CEL, a lipase, as potential therapeutic targets. We have uncovered genetic links to risk factors associated with PC such as smoking and obesity. Genes important for patient survival and prognosis are also discussed, and we confirm the dysregulation of metabolic pathways previously observed in PC. CONCLUSIONS While many of the genes downregulated in our dataset are associated with protein products normally produced by the pancreas for excretion, we have uncovered some genes whose downregulation appear to play a more causal role in PC. These genes will assist in providing a better understanding of the disease etiology of PC, and in the search for new therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
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140
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Systematic integrative analysis of gene expression identifies HNF4A as the central gene in pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189223. [PMID: 29216278 PMCID: PMC5720788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the Western world, and encompasses a spectrum from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH). There is currently no approved pharmacologic therapy against NASH, partly due to an incomplete understanding of its molecular basis. The goal of this study was to determine the key differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as those genes and pathways central to its pathogenesis. We performed an integrative computational analysis of publicly available gene expression data in NASH from GEO (GSE17470, GSE24807, GSE37031, GSE89632). The DEGs were identified using GEOquery, and only the genes present in at least three of the studies, to a total of 190 DEGs, were considered for further analyses. The pathways, networks, molecular interactions, functional analyses were generated through the use of Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). For selected networks, we computed the centrality using igraph package in R. Among the statistically significant predicted networks (p-val < 0.05), three were of most biological interest: the first is involved in antimicrobial response, inflammatory response and immunological disease, the second in cancer, organismal injury and development and the third in metabolic diseases. We discovered that HNF4A is the central gene in the network of NASH connected to metabolic diseases and that it regulates HNF1A, an additional transcription regulator also involved in lipid metabolism. Therefore, we show, for the first time to our knowledge, that HNF4A is central to the pathogenesis of NASH. This adds to previous literature demonstrating that HNF4A regulates the transcription of genes involved in the progression of NAFLD, and that HNF4A genetic variants play a potential role in NASH progression.
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141
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Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A deficiency causes hemolytic anemia in mice by altering erythrocyte sphingolipid homeostasis. Blood 2017; 130:2786-2798. [PMID: 29109103 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-774356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) family regulates complex networks of metabolism and organ development. Human mutations in its prototypical member HNF1A cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type 3. In this study, we identified an important role for HNF1A in the preservation of erythrocyte membrane integrity, calcium homeostasis, and osmotic resistance through an as-yet unrecognized link of HNF1A to sphingolipid homeostasis. HNF1A-/- mice displayed microcytic hypochromic anemia with reticulocytosis that was partially compensated by avid extramedullary erythropoiesis at all erythroid stages in the spleen thereby excluding erythroid differentiation defects. Morphologically, HNF1A-/- erythrocytes resembled acanthocytes and displayed increased phosphatidylserine exposure, high intracellular calcium, and elevated osmotic fragility. Sphingolipidome analysis by mass spectrometry revealed substantial and tissue-specific sphingolipid disturbances in several tissues including erythrocytes with the accumulation of sphingosine as the most prominent common feature. All HNF1A-/- erythrocyte defects could be simulated by exposure of wild-type (WT) erythrocytes to sphingosine in vitro and attributed in part to sphingosine-induced suppression of the plasma-membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity. Bone marrow transplantation rescued the anemia phenotype in vivo, whereas incubation with HNF1A-/- plasma increased the osmotic fragility of WT erythrocytes in vitro. Our data suggest a non-cell-autonomous erythrocyte defect secondary to the sphingolipid changes caused by HNF1A deficiency. Transcriptional analysis revealed 4 important genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism to be deregulated in HNF1A deficiency: Ormdl1, sphingosine kinase-2, neutral ceramidase, and ceramide synthase-5. The considerable erythrocyte defects in murine HNF1A deficiency encourage clinical studies to explore the hematological consequences of HNF1A deficiency in human MODY3 patients.
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142
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to summarize and reflect on advances over the past decade in human genetic and metabolomic discovery with particular focus on their contributions to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk prediction. RECENT FINDINGS In the past 10 years, a combination of advances in genotyping efficiency, metabolomic profiling, bioinformatics approaches, and international collaboration have moved T2D genetics and metabolomics from a state of frustration to an abundance of new knowledge. Efforts to control and prevent T2D have failed to stop this global epidemic. New approaches are needed, and although neither genetic nor metabolomic profiling yet have a clear clinical role, the rapid pace of accumulating knowledge offers the possibility for "multi-omic" prediction to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Merino
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
| | - Aaron Leong
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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143
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Aloi C, Salina A, Minuto N, Tallone R, Lugani F, Mascagni A, Mazza O, Cassanello M, Maghnie M, d'Annunzio G. Glucokinase mutations in pediatric patients with impaired fasting glucose. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:913-923. [PMID: 28726111 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-1021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our aim was to detect the frequency of glucokinase (GCK) gene mutations in a cohort of patients with impaired fasting glucose and to describe the clinical manifestations of identified variants. We also aimed at predicting the effect of the novel missense mutations by computational approach. METHODS Overall 100 unrelated Italian families with impaired fasting glucose were enrolled and subdivided into two cohorts according to strict and to mild criteria for diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). GCK gene sequencing was performed in all participants. RESULTS Fifty-three Italian families with 44 different mutations affecting the GCK and co-segregating with the clinical phenotype of GCK/MODY were identified. All mutations were in heterozygous state. In Sample 1, GCK defects were found in 32/36 (88.9%) subjects selected with strict MODY diagnostic criteria, while in Sample 2 GCK defects were found in 21/64 (32.8%) subjects selected with mild MODY diagnostic criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our study enlarged the wide spectrum of GCK defects by adding 9 novel variants. The application of strict recruitment criteria resulted in 88.9% incidence of GCK/MODY, which confirmed it as the commonest form of MODY in the Italian population. In order to avoid misdiagnosis of GCK/MODY, it could be useful to perform molecular screening even if one or more clinical parameters for the diagnosis of MODY are missing. Computational analysis is useful to understand the effect of GCK defect on protein functionality, especially when the novel identified variant is a missense mutation and/or parents' DNA is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Aloi
- Laboratory of Diabetology - Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Salina
- Laboratory of Diabetology - Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - N Minuto
- Pediatric Clinic, Regional Center of Diabetes, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Tallone
- Pediatric Clinic, Regional Center of Diabetes, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Lugani
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Uremia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Mascagni
- Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - O Mazza
- Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Cassanello
- Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Maghnie
- Pediatric Clinic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G d'Annunzio
- Pediatric Clinic, Regional Center of Diabetes, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
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Self-Transducible Bimodal PDX1-FOXP3 Protein Lifts Insulin Secretion and Curbs Autoimmunity, Boosting Tregs in Type 1 Diabetic Mice. Mol Ther 2017; 26:184-198. [PMID: 28988715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by massive destruction of insulin-producing β cells by autoreactive T lymphocytes, arising via defective immune tolerance. Therefore, effective anti-T1D therapeutics should combine autoimmunity-preventing and insulin production-restoring properties. We constructed a cell-permeable PDX1-FOXP3-TAT fusion protein (FP) composed of two transcription factors: forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), the master regulator of differentiation and functioning of self-tolerance-promoting Tregs, and pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1), the crucial factor supporting β cell development and maintenance. The FP was tested in vitro and in a non-obese diabetic mouse T1D model. In vitro, FP converted naive CD4+ T cells into a functional "Treg-like" subset, which suppressed cytokine secretion, downregulated antigen-specific responses, and curbed viability of diabetogenic effector cells. In hepatic stem-like cells, FP potentiated endocrine transdifferentiation, inducing expression of Insulin2 and other β lineage-specific genes. In vivo, FP administration to chronically diabetic mice triggered (1) a significant elevation of insulin and C-peptide levels, (2) the formation of insulin-containing cell clusters in livers, and (3) a systemic anti-inflammatory shift (higher Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cell frequencies, elevated rates of IL-10-producing cells, and reduced rates of IFN-γ-secreting cells). Overall, in accordance with its design, PDX1-FOXP3-TAT FP delivered both Treg-stabilizing anti-autoimmune and de novo insulin-producing effects, proving its anti-T1D therapeutic potential.
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146
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Wędrychowicz A, Tobór E, Wilk M, Ziółkowska-Ledwith E, Rams A, Wzorek K, Sabal B, Stelmach M, Starzyk JB. Phenotype Heterogeneity in Glucokinase-Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (GCK-MODY) Patients. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2017; 9:246-252. [PMID: 28663157 PMCID: PMC5596806 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.4461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical phenotypes of glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY) pediatric patients from Southwest Poland and to search for phenotype-genotype correlations. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of data on 37 CGK-MODY patients consisting of 21 girls and 16 boys of ages 1.9-20.1 (mean 12.5±5.2) years, treated in our centre in the time period between 2002 and 2013. RESULTS GCK-MODY carriers were found in a frequency of 3% among 1043 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and constituted the second most numerous group of DM patients, following type 1 DM, in our centre. The mean age of GCK-MODY diagnosis was 10.4±4.5 years. The findings leading to the diagnosis were impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (15/37), symptoms of hyperglycemia (4/37), and a GCK-MODY family history (18/37). Mean fasting blood glucose level was 6.67±1.64 mmol/L. In the sample, there were patients with normal values (4/37), those with DM (10/37), and IFG (23/37). In OGTT, 120 min glucose level was normal in 8, diabetic in 2, and characteristic for glucose intolerance in 27 of the 37 cases. Twelve of the 37 cases (32%) were identified as GCK-MODY carriers. In the total group, mean C-peptide level was 2.13±0.65 ng/mL and HbA1c was 6.26±0.45% (44.9±-18 mmol/mol). Thirty-two patients had a family history of DM. DM autoantibodies were detected in two patients. The most common mutations were p.Gly318Arg (11/37) and p.Val302Leu (8/37). There was no correlation between type of mutations and plasma glucose levels. CONCLUSION The phenotype of GCK-MODY patients may vary from those characteristic for other DM types to an asymptomatic state with normal FG with no correlation with genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wędrychowicz
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
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Equal main/first authors
,* Address for Correspondence: Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland Phone: +48 12 658 12 77 E-mail:
| | - Ewa Tobór
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
,
Equal main/first authors
| | - Magdalena Wilk
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
,
Equal main/first authors
| | - Ewa Ziółkowska-Ledwith
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Rams
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wzorek
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Barbara Sabal
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Students’ Scientific Group at the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stelmach
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jerzy B. Starzyk
- Polish-American Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Cracow, Poland
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147
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Billings LK, Jablonski KA, Warner AS, Cheng YC, McAteer JB, Tipton L, Shuldiner AR, Ehrmann DA, Manning AK, Dabelea D, Franks PW, Kahn SE, Pollin TI, Knowler WC, Altshuler D, Florez JC. Variation in Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Genes Influence Response to Interventions for Diabetes Prevention. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2678-2689. [PMID: 28453780 PMCID: PMC5546852 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Context Variation in genes that cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) has been associated with diabetes incidence and glycemic traits. Objectives This study aimed to determine whether genetic variation in MODY genes leads to differential responses to insulin-sensitizing interventions. Design and Setting This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter, randomized clinical trial, the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), involving 27 US academic institutions. We genotyped 22 missense and 221 common variants in the MODY-causing genes in the participants in the DPP. Participants and Interventions The study included 2806 genotyped DPP participants randomized to receive intensive lifestyle intervention (n = 935), metformin (n = 927), or placebo (n = 944). Main Outcome Measures Association of MODY genetic variants with diabetes incidence at a median of 3 years and measures of 1-year β-cell function, insulinogenic index, and oral disposition index. Analyses were stratified by treatment group for significant single-nucleotide polymorphism × treatment interaction (Pint < 0.05). Sequence kernel association tests examined the association between an aggregate of rare missense variants and insulinogenic traits. Results After 1 year, the minor allele of rs3212185 (HNF4A) was associated with improved β-cell function in the metformin and lifestyle groups but not the placebo group; the minor allele of rs6719578 (NEUROD1) was associated with an increase in insulin secretion in the metformin group but not in the placebo and lifestyle groups. Conclusions These results provide evidence that genetic variation among MODY genes may influence response to insulin-sensitizing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana K. Billings
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois 60201
- Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | | | - A. Sofia Warner
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Yu-Chien Cheng
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois 60201
- Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Jarred B. McAteer
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Laura Tipton
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - David A. Ehrmann
- Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Alisa K. Manning
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80045
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic, and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Steven E. Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Toni I. Pollin
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition) and Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - William C. Knowler
- Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona 85014
| | - David Altshuler
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts 02210
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - for the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois 60201
- Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland 20852
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80045
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic, and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition) and Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona 85014
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts 02210
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148
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Chen M, Liang H, Zhou W, Li C, Weng J. A novel heterozygous deletion in the intron 8-exon 9 boundary of the glucokinase gene in a Chinese pedigree of GCK-MODY. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:799-802. [PMID: 28451822 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-0995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Weibin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengjiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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149
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu F. A case of a novel mutation in HNF1β-related maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 with diabetic kidney disease complication in a Chinese family. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1243-1246. [PMID: 28502589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Precise diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) has proven valuable for understanding mechanism of diabetes and selecting optimal therapy. A proband and her mother with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) were studied to investigate potential genes responsible for diabetes and different severity of DKD between the parent and offspring. METHODS The family with suspected MODY underwent mutational analyses by the whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate pathogenic variants were validated by Sanger sequencing and tested for co-segregation. The clinical parameters of subjects were collected from medical records. RESULTS A novel missense heterozygous mutation in exon 4 of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β), c.1007A > G (p.H336R), was identified in both the proband and her mother. Moreover, comparing the family's WES results, we found that the proband had acquired a KCNQ1 gene mutation from her father and acquired ACE and SORBS1 gene mutations from her mother. These three genes are known susceptibility genes of DKD and may impose additional effects contributing to DKD severity. CONCLUSIONS A novel mutation in HNF1β-MODY was identified in a Chinese family complicated with DKD, and the additional effect of pathogenic variants in susceptibility genes was speculated to contribute to DKD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingwang Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Junlin Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxiang Yang
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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150
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Karin O, Alon U. Biphasic response as a mechanism against mutant takeover in tissue homeostasis circuits. Mol Syst Biol 2017; 13:933. [PMID: 28652282 PMCID: PMC5488663 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20177599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues use feedback circuits in which cells send signals to each other to control their growth and survival. We show that such feedback circuits are inherently unstable to mutants that misread the signal level: Mutants have a growth advantage to take over the tissue, and cannot be eliminated by known cell-intrinsic mechanisms. To resolve this, we propose that tissues have biphasic responses in and the signal is toxic at both high and low levels, such as glucotoxicity of beta cells, excitotoxicity in neurons, and toxicity of growth factors to T cells. This gives most of these mutants a frequency-dependent selective disadvantage, which leads to their elimination. However, the biphasic mechanisms create a new unstable fixed point in the feedback circuit beyond which runaway processes can occur, leading to risk of diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disease. Hence, glucotoxicity, which is a dangerous cause of diabetes, may have a protective anti-mutant effect. Biphasic responses in tissues may provide an evolutionary stable strategy that avoids invasion by commonly occurring mutants, but at the same time cause vulnerability to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Karin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Uri Alon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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