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Shao S, Fang H, Duan L, Ye X, Rao S, Han J, Li Y, Yuan G, Liu W, Zhang X. Lysyl hydroxylase 3 increases collagen deposition and promotes pulmonary fibrosis by activating TGFβ1/Smad3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:436-445. [PMID: 32190155 PMCID: PMC7069430 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.81357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysyl hydroxylase 3 (LH3) is a collagen post-translational modifying enzyme; it is abnormally activated during the formation of collagen cross-links. iCRT3 is an inhibitor of both Wnt and β-catenin responsive transcription. We hypothesized that LH3 is regulated by TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Some evidence suggested that there is complicated cross-talk between the two signal pathways in the genesis of pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The normal culturing human lung cancer cell line A549 was derived from pulmonary epithelial cells. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was induced A549 cells of pulmonary fibrosis. MTT assays detected cell growth stimulation by TGF-β1; collagen pyridine-crosslinking contents were detected by ELISA kits. Immunofluorescence were used to evaluate expression of key molecules in PLOD3 (LH3), Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ1/Smad3 pathways. RESULTS Our findings suggested that iCRT3 could decrease LH3 protein expression (p < 0.01), Wnt1, β-catenin and p-Smad3 protein expression (p < 0.05). Knock-down PLOD3 could decrease LH3, collagen I gene and protein expression (p < 0.05). These effects were associated with decreasing collagen pyridine-crosslinking production (p < 0.05). However, ovexpression PLOD3 could increase LH3, collagen I gene and protein expression (p < 0.05). The result showed that LH3 plays an important role in collagen post-translational modifications, and it is regulated by Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ1/Smad3 pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that PLOD3 (LH3) represents a target to prevent pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjun Shao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Haiyan Fang
- Department of Psychological Medcine, the Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Lindi Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianwei Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Shanshan Rao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guohang Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Academic Department, Guizhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guiyang, China
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102
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Laksitorini MD, Yathindranath V, Xiong W, Hombach-Klonisch S, Miller DW. Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes blood-brain barrier phenotype in cultured brain endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19718. [PMID: 31873116 PMCID: PMC6928218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is important for blood-brain barrier (BBB) development and is implicated in BBB breakdown under various pathophysiological conditions. In the present study, a comprehensive characterization of the relevant genes, transport and permeability processes influenced by both the autocrine and external activation of Wnt signaling in human brain endothelial cells was examined using hCMEC/D3 culture model. The hCMEC/D3 expressed a full complement of Wnt ligands and receptors. Preventing Wnt ligand release from hCMEC/D3 produced minimal changes in brain endothelial function, while inhibition of intrinsic/autocrine Wnt/β-catenin activity through blocking β-catenin binding to Wnt transcription factor caused more modest changes. In contrast, activation of Wnt signaling using exogenous Wnt ligand (Wnt3a) or LiCl (GSK3 inhibitor) improved the BBB phenotypes of the hCMEC/D3 culture model, resulting in reduced paracellular permeability, and increased P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance associated protein (BCRP) efflux transporter activity. Further, Wnt3a reduced plasmalemma vesicle associated protein (PLVAP) and vesicular transport activity in hCMEC/D3. Our data suggest that this in vitro model of the BBB has a more robust response to exogenous activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling compared to autocrine activation, suggesting that BBB regulation may be more dependent on external activation of Wnt signaling within the brain microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlyn D Laksitorini
- Department of Pharmacology and Theurapetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0T6, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Vinith Yathindranath
- Department of Pharmacology and Theurapetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Theurapetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Donald W Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Theurapetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0T6, Canada.
- Kleysen Institute of Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada.
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103
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Cha B, Geng X, Mahamud MR, Zhang JY, Chen L, Kim W, Jho EH, Kim Y, Choi D, Dixon JB, Chen H, Hong YK, Olson L, Kim TH, Merrill BJ, Davis MJ, Srinivasan RS. Complementary Wnt Sources Regulate Lymphatic Vascular Development via PROX1-Dependent Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Cell Rep 2019; 25:571-584.e5. [PMID: 30332639 PMCID: PMC6264919 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is necessary for lymphatic vascular development. Oscillatory shear stress (OSS) enhances Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cultured lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) to induce expression of the lymphedema-associated transcription factors GATA2 and FOXC2. However, the mechanisms by which OSS regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and GATA2 and FOXC2 expression are unknown. We show that OSS activates autocrine Wnt/β-catenin signaling in LECs in vitro. Tissue-specific deletion of Wntless, which is required for the secretion of Wnt ligands, reveals that LECs and vascular smooth muscle cells are complementary sources of Wnt ligands that regulate lymphatic vascular development in vivo. Further, the LEC master transcription factor PROX1 forms a complex with β-catenin and the TCF/LEF transcription factor TCF7L1 to enhance Wnt/β-catenin signaling and promote FOXC2 and GATA2 expression in LECs. Thus, our work defines Wnt sources, reveals that PROX1 directs cell fate by acting as a Wnt signaling component, and dissects the mechanisms of PROX1 and Wnt synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boksik Cha
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xin Geng
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Md Riaj Mahamud
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jenny Y Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wantae Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Deajeon, Korea
| | - Eek-Hoon Jho
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Dongwon Choi
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Brandon Dixon
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Young-Kwon Hong
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lorin Olson
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Bradley J Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - R Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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104
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Quach C, Song Y, Guo H, Li S, Maazi H, Fung M, Sands N, O'Connell D, Restrepo-Vassalli S, Chai B, Nemecio D, Punj V, Akbari O, Idos GE, Mumenthaler SM, Wu N, Martin SE, Hagiya A, Hicks J, Cui H, Liang C. A truncating mutation in the autophagy gene UVRAG drives inflammation and tumorigenesis in mice. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5681. [PMID: 31831743 PMCID: PMC6908726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant autophagy is a major risk factor for inflammatory diseases and cancer. However, the genetic basis and underlying mechanisms are less established. UVRAG is a tumor suppressor candidate involved in autophagy, which is truncated in cancers by a frameshift (FS) mutation and expressed as a shortened UVRAGFS. To investigate the role of UVRAGFS in vivo, we generated mutant mice that inducibly express UVRAGFS (iUVRAGFS). These mice are normal in basal autophagy but deficient in starvation- and LPS-induced autophagy by disruption of the UVRAG-autophagy complex. iUVRAGFS mice display increased inflammatory response in sepsis, intestinal colitis, and colitis-associated cancer development through NLRP3-inflammasome hyperactivation. Moreover, iUVRAGFS mice show enhanced spontaneous tumorigenesis related to age-related autophagy suppression, resultant β-catenin stabilization, and centrosome amplification. Thus, UVRAG is a crucial autophagy regulator in vivo, and autophagy promotion may help prevent/treat inflammatory disease and cancer in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Quach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hongrui Guo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Hadi Maazi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Marshall Fung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Nathaniel Sands
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Douglas O'Connell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sara Restrepo-Vassalli
- USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Billy Chai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Dali Nemecio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Vasu Punj
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Gregory E Idos
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shannon M Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Nancy Wu
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Transgenic/Knockout Rodent Core Facility, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Sue Ellen Martin
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Ashley Hagiya
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - James Hicks
- USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chengyu Liang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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105
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Yang W, Li Y, Ai Y, Obianom ON, Guo D, Yang H, Sakamuru S, Xia M, Shu Y, Xue F. Pyrazole-4-Carboxamide (YW2065): A Therapeutic Candidate for Colorectal Cancer via Dual Activities of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Inhibition and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activation. J Med Chem 2019; 62:11151-11164. [PMID: 31769984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been widely recognized as a pathogenic mechanism for colorectal cancer (CRC). Although numerous Wnt inhibitors have been developed, they commonly suffer from toxicity and unintended effects. Moreover, concerns have been raised in targeting this pathway because of its critical roles in maintaining stem cells and regenerating tissues and organs. On the basis of the anthelmintic drug pyrvinium and previous lead FX1128, we have developed a compound YW2065 (1c) which demonstrated excellent anti-CRC effects in vitro and in vivo. YW2065 achieves its inhibitory activity for Wnt signaling by stabilizing Axin-1, a scaffolding protein that regulates proteasome degradation of β-catenin. Simultaneously, YW2065 also led to the activation of the tumor suppressor AMPK, providing an additional anticancer mechanism. In addition, YW2065 showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties without obvious toxicity. The anti-CRC effect of YW2065 was highlighted by its promising efficacy in a mice xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Yong Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Obinna N Obianom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Srilatha Sakamuru
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States.,School and Hospital of Stomatology , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510140 , China
| | - Fengtian Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
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106
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Zhong Z, Virshup DM. Wnt Signaling and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 97:72-89. [PMID: 31787618 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnts are secreted proteins that bind to cell surface receptors to activate downstream signaling cascades. Normal Wnt signaling plays key roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. The secretion of Wnt ligands, the turnover of Wnt receptors, and the signaling transduction are tightly regulated and fine-tuned to keep the signaling output "just right." Hyperactivated Wnt signaling due to recurrent genetic alterations drives several human cancers. Elevated Wnt signaling also confers resistance to multiple conventional and targeted cancer therapies through diverse mechanisms including maintaining the cancer stem cell population, enhancing DNA damage repair, facilitating transcriptional plasticity, and promoting immune evasion. Different classes of Wnt signaling inhibitors targeting key nodes of the pathway have been developed and show efficacy in treating Wnt-driven cancers and subverting Wnt-mediated therapy resistance in preclinical studies. Several of these inhibitors have advanced to clinical trials, both singly and in combination with other existing US Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-cancer modalities. In the near future, pharmacological inhibition of Wnt signaling may be a real choice for patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The latest insights in Wnt signaling, ranging from basic biology to therapeutic implications in cancer, are reviewed. Recent studies extend understanding of this ancient signaling pathway and describe the development and improvement of anti-Wnt therapeutic modalities for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (Z.Z.); Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore (Z.Z., D.M.V.); and Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (D.M.V.)
| | - David M Virshup
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (Z.Z.); Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore (Z.Z., D.M.V.); and Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (D.M.V.)
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107
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Miller MS, Douglass J, Hwang MS, Skora AD, Murphy M, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Zhou S, Gabelli SB. An engineered antibody fragment targeting mutant β-catenin via major histocompatibility complex I neoantigen presentation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19322-19334. [PMID: 31690625 PMCID: PMC6916501 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in CTNNB1, the gene encoding β-catenin, are common in colon and liver cancers, the most frequent mutation affecting Ser-45 in β-catenin. Peptides derived from WT β-catenin have previously been shown to be presented on the cell surface as part of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, suggesting an opportunity for targeting this common driver gene mutation with antibody-based therapies. Here, crystal structures of both the WT and S45F mutant peptide bound to HLA-A*03:01 at 2.20 and 2.45 Å resolutions, respectively, confirmed the accessibility of the phenylalanine residue for antibody recognition. Phage display was then used to identify single-chain variable fragment clones that selectively bind the S45F mutant peptide presented in HLA-A*03:01 and have minimal WT or other off-target binding. Following the initial characterization of five clones, we selected a single clone, E10, for further investigation. We developed a computational model of the binding of E10 to the mutant peptide-bound HLA-A3, incorporating data from affinity maturation as initial validation. In the future, our model may be used to design clones with maintained specificity and higher affinity. Such derivatives could be adapted into either cell-based (CAR-T) or protein-based (bispecific T-cell engagers) therapies to target cancer cells harboring the S45F mutation in CTNNB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Miller
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Jacqueline Douglass
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Michael S Hwang
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Andrew D Skora
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Michael Murphy
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Kenneth W Kinzler
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Shibin Zhou
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Sandra B Gabelli
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287 .,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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108
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Wnt Signaling in the Regulation of Immune Cell and Cancer Therapeutics. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111380. [PMID: 31684152 PMCID: PMC6912555 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is one of the important pathways to play a major role in various biological processes, such as embryonic stem-cell development, tissue regeneration, cell differentiation, and immune cell regulation. Recent studies suggest that Wnt signaling performs an essential function in immune cell modulation and counteracts various disorders. Nonetheless, the emerging role and mechanism of action of this signaling cascade in immune cell regulation, as well as its involvement in various cancers, remain debatable. The Wnt signaling in immune cells is very diverse, e.g., the tolerogenic role of dendritic cells, the development of natural killer cells, thymopoiesis of T cells, B-cell-driven initiation of T-cells, and macrophage actions in tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current therapeutic targets in (and the prospects of) Wnt signaling, as well as the potential suitability of available modulators for the development of cancer immunotherapies. Although there are several Wnt inhibitors relevant to cancer, it would be worthwhile to extend this approach to immune cells.
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109
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Bello SA, Torres-Gutiérrez V, Rodríguez-Flores EJ, Toledo-Román EJ, Rodríguez N, Díaz-Díaz LM, Vázquez-Figueroa LD, Cuesta JM, Grillo-Alvarado V, Amador A, Reyes-Rivera J, García-Arrarás JE. Insights into intestinal regeneration signaling mechanisms. Dev Biol 2019; 458:12-31. [PMID: 31605680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms underlying the amazing ability of sea cucumbers to regenerate their autotomized intestines have been widely described by us and others. However, the signaling pathways that control these mechanisms are unknown. Previous studies have shown that Wnt homologs are upregulated during early intestinal regenerative stages, suggesting that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is active during this process. Here, we used small molecules, putative disruptors of the Wnt pathway, to determine the potential role of the canonical Wnt pathway on intestine regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. We evaluated their effects in vivo by using histological analyses for cell dedifferentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. We found that iCRT14, an alleged Wnt pathway inhibitor, decreased the size of the regenerating intestine, while LiCl, a presumed Wnt pathway activator, increased its size. The possible cellular mechanisms by which signaling pathway disruptors affect the gut rudiment size were further studied in vitro, using cultures of tissue explants and additional pharmacological agents. Among the tested signaling activators, those that act through GSK-3 inhibition, LiCl, 1-Azakenpaullone, and CHIR99021 were found to increase muscle cell dedifferentiation, while the inhibitor iCRT14 blocked cell dedifferentiation. Differently, cell proliferation was reduced by all GSK-3 inhibitors, as well as by iCRT14 and C59, which interferes with Wnt ligand secretion. The in vivo temporal and spatial pattern of β-catenin activity was determined using an antibody against phosphorylated β-catenin and shown to correlate with cell proliferative activity. In vitro treatment using C59 decreased the number of cells immunostained for nuclear phosphorylated β-catenin. Our results showed that the cell dedifferentiation observed during intestinal regeneration can be decoupled from the cell proliferation event and that these cellular processes can be modulated by particular signaling pathway inhibitors and activators. These results open the door for future studies where the cellular signaling pathways involved at each regeneration stage can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Bello
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | | | | | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Lymarie M Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - José M Cuesta
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Amador
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Josean Reyes-Rivera
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - José E García-Arrarás
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
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110
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Kim JT, Li C, Weiss HL, Zhou Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Evers BM. Regulation of Ketogenic Enzyme HMGCS2 by Wnt/β-catenin/PPARγ Pathway in Intestinal Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091106. [PMID: 31546785 PMCID: PMC6770209 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a crucial role in development and renewal of the intestinal epithelium. Mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), a rate-limiting ketogenic enzyme in the synthesis of ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), contributes to the regulation of intestinal cell differentiation. Here, we have shown that HMGCS2 is a novel target of Wnt/β-catenin/PPARγ signaling in intestinal epithelial cancer cell lines and normal intestinal organoids. Inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway resulted in increased protein and mRNA expression of HMGCS2 and βHB production in human colon cancer cell lines LS174T and Caco2. In addition, Wnt inhibition increased expression of PPARγ and its target genes, FABP2 and PLIN2, in these cells. Conversely, activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling decreased protein and mRNA levels of HMGCS2, βHB production, and expression of PPARγ and its target genes in LS174T and Caco2 cells and mouse intestinal organoids. Moreover, inhibition of PPARγ reduced HMGCS2 expression and βHB production, while activation of PPARγ increased HMGCS2 expression and βHB synthesis. Furthermore, PPARγ bound the promoter of HMGCS2 and this binding was enhanced by β-catenin knockdown. Finally, we showed that HMGCS2 inhibited, while Wnt/β-catenin stimulated, glycolysis, which contributed to regulation of intestinal cell differentiation. Our results identified HMGCS2 as a downstream target of Wnt/β-catenin/PPARγ signaling in intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, our findings suggest that Wnt/β-catenin/PPARγ signaling regulates intestinal cell differentiation, at least in part, through regulation of ketogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Tae Kim
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
| | - Heidi L Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
| | - Yuning Zhou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
| | - Chunming Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, USA.
| | - Qingding Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
| | - B Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
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111
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β-Catenin/TCF4 Complex-Mediated Induction of the NRF3 ( NFE2L3) Gene in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133344. [PMID: 31288376 PMCID: PMC6651286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable upregulation of the NRF2 (NFE2L2)-related transcription factor NRF3 (NFE2L3) in several cancer tissues and its correlation with poor prognosis strongly suggest the physiological function of NRF3 in tumors. Indeed, we had recently uncovered the function of NRF3, which promotes cancer cell proliferation by p53 degradation via the 20S proteasome. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the induction of NRF3 gene expression in cancer cells is highly elusive. We herein describe that NRF3 upregulation is induced by the β-catenin/TCF4 complex in colon cancer cells. We first confirmed high NRF3 mRNA expression in human colon cancer specimens. The genome database indicated that the human NRF3 gene possesses a species-conserved WRE sequence (TCF/LEF consensus element), implying that the β-catenin/TCF complex activates NRF3 expression in colon cancer. Consistently, we observed that the β-catenin/TCF4 complex mediates NRF3 expression by binding directly to the WRE site. Furthermore, inducing NRF3 activates cell proliferation and the expression of the glucose transporter GLUT1. The existence of the β-catenin/TCF4-NRF3 axis was also validated in the intestine and organoids of Apc-deficient mice. Finally, the positive correlation between NRF3 and β-catenin target gene expression strongly supports our conclusion. Our findings clearly demonstrate that NRF3 induction in cancer cells is controlled by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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112
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Drayman N, Patel P, Vistain L, Tay S. HSV-1 single-cell analysis reveals the activation of anti-viral and developmental programs in distinct sub-populations. eLife 2019; 8:e46339. [PMID: 31090537 PMCID: PMC6570482 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection is usually studied at the population level by averaging over millions of cells. However, infection at the single-cell level is highly heterogeneous, with most infected cells giving rise to no or few viral progeny while some cells produce thousands. Analysis of Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection by population-averaged measurements has taught us a lot about the course of viral infection, but has also produced contradictory results, such as the concurrent activation and inhibition of type I interferon signaling during infection. Here, we combine live-cell imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize viral and host transcriptional heterogeneity during HSV-1 infection of primary human cells. We find extreme variability in the level of viral gene expression among individually infected cells and show that these cells cluster into transcriptionally distinct sub-populations. We find that anti-viral signaling is initiated in a rare group of abortively infected cells, while highly infected cells undergo cellular reprogramming to an embryonic-like transcriptional state. This reprogramming involves the recruitment of β-catenin to the host nucleus and viral replication compartments, and is required for late viral gene expression and progeny production. These findings uncover the transcriptional differences in cells with variable infection outcomes and shed new light on the manipulation of host pathways by HSV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Drayman
- Institute for Molecular EngineeringThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Systems BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Parthiv Patel
- Institute for Molecular EngineeringThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Systems BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Luke Vistain
- Institute for Molecular EngineeringThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Systems BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Savaş Tay
- Institute for Molecular EngineeringThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Systems BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
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113
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Su TT. Drug screening in Drosophila; why, when, and when not? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 8:e346. [PMID: 31056843 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The best global seller among oncology drugs in 2018 is lenalidomide, an analog of thalidomide. It took 53 years and a circuitous route from the discovery of thalidomide to approval of an analog for use in treatment of cancer. We understand now a lot more about the genetic and molecular basis of diseases than we did in 1953 when thalidomide was discovered. We have also no shortage of chemical libraries with hundreds of thousands of compounds, both synthetic and natural. What we need are better ways to search among these rich resources for compounds with the potential to do what we want them to do. This review summarizes examples from the literature that make Drosophila melanogaster a good model to screen for drugs, and discusses knowledge gaps and technical challenges that make Drosophila models not as widely used as they could or should be. This article is categorized under: Technologies > Analysis of Cell, Tissue, and Animal Phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Tin Su
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.,Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado
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114
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Qu J, Yue L, Gao J, Yao H. Perspectives on Wnt Signal Pathway in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:473-480. [PMID: 30952680 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.256222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease with progressive airflow limitation and functional decline. The pathogenic mechanisms for this disease include oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, disturbed protease/antiprotease equilibrium, apoptosis/proliferation imbalance, senescence, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The Wnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that is abnormal in COPD, including chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema. Furthermore, Wnt signaling has been shown to modulate aforementioned cellular processes involved in COPD. From this perspective, we provide an updated understanding of the crosstalk between Wnt signal and these cellular processes, and highlight the crucial role of the Wnt signal during the development of COPD. We also discuss the potential for targeting the Wnt signal in future translational and pharmacological therapeutics aimed at prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (J. Q., J. G.); The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (J.Q., J.G.); Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (L.Y.); and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island (H.Y.)
| | - Li Yue
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (J. Q., J. G.); The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (J.Q., J.G.); Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (L.Y.); and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island (H.Y.)
| | - Jian Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (J. Q., J. G.); The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (J.Q., J.G.); Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (L.Y.); and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island (H.Y.)
| | - Hongwei Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (J. Q., J. G.); The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (J.Q., J.G.); Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (L.Y.); and Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island (H.Y.)
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115
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Wang Z, Zhang M, Wang J, Ji H. Optimization of Peptidomimetics as Selective Inhibitors for the β-Catenin/T-Cell Factor Protein-Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3617-3635. [PMID: 30856332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The β-catenin/T-cell factor (Tcf) protein-protein interaction (PPI) plays a critical role in the β-catenin signaling pathway which is hyperactivated in many cancers and fibroses. Based on compound 1, which was designed to target the Tcf4 G13ANDE17 binding site of β-catenin, extensive structure-activity relationship studies have been conducted. As a result, compounds 53 and 57 were found to disrupt the β-catenin/Tcf PPI with the Ki values of 0.64 and 0.44 μM, respectively, and exhibit good selectivity for β-catenin/Tcf over β-catenin/E-cadherin and β-catenin/adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) PPIs. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium (MTS) cell viability assays revealed that 56, the ethyl ester of 53, was more potent than 53 in inhibiting viability of most of the Wnt/β-catenin hyperactive cancer cells. Further cell-based studies indicated that 56 disrupted the β-catenin/Tcf PPI without affecting the β-catenin/E-cadherin and β-catenin/APC PPIs, suppressed transactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in dose-dependent manners, and inhibited migration and invasiveness of Wnt/β-catenin-dependent cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Drug Discovery Department , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , Florida 33612-9497 , United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Drug Discovery Department , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , Florida 33612-9497 , United States
| | - Jin Wang
- Drug Discovery Department , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , Florida 33612-9497 , United States
| | - Haitao Ji
- Drug Discovery Department , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , Florida 33612-9497 , United States.,Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620-9497 , United States
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116
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Sánchez DS, Fischer Sigel LK, Azurmendi PJ, Vlachovsky SG, Oddo EM, Armando I, Ibarra FR, Silberstein C. Estradiol stimulates cell proliferation via classic estrogen receptor-alpha and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 in human renal tubular epithelial cell primary cultures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:170-175. [PMID: 30879772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work was aimed to determine the effect of 17β-estradiol (17βE) on cell proliferation in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HRTEC) isolated from kidneys from pediatric subjects, as well as the role of estrogen receptors involved in the 17βE proliferative response. Treatment with 17βE (10 nmol/L, 24 h) significantly stimulated cell proliferation, measured by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake, in HRTEC primary cultures and in tubular structures obtained by 3D cultured-HRTEC. Incubation of HRTEC with the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) agonist G-1 increased BrdU uptake. Incubation of HRTEC with 17βE activated the classic estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) but not ERβ. Treatment of HRTEC with the GPER-1 antagonist G-15, the ER inhibitor ICI182,780, or the β-catenin inhibitor iCRT14, completely abrogated the increase in BrdU uptake induced by 17βE. We also show that 17βE stimulated β-catenin protein expression and translocation to the nucleus of HRTEC, effects that were abrogated by G-15 and ICI 182,780. In conclusion, estradiol stimulates cell proliferation in HRTEC primary cultures through both ERα and GPER-1 estrogen receptors and involves β-catenin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana S Sánchez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lilian K Fischer Sigel
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo J Azurmendi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra G Vlachovsky
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisabet M Oddo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inés Armando
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fernando R Ibarra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Silberstein
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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117
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Rajakulendran N, Rowland KJ, Selvadurai HJ, Ahmadi M, Park NI, Naumenko S, Dolma S, Ward RJ, So M, Lee L, MacLeod G, Pasiliao C, Brandon C, Clarke ID, Cusimano MD, Bernstein M, Batada N, Angers S, Dirks PB. Wnt and Notch signaling govern self-renewal and differentiation in a subset of human glioblastoma stem cells. Genes Dev 2019; 33:498-510. [PMID: 30842215 PMCID: PMC6499328 DOI: 10.1101/gad.321968.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Rajakulendran et al. investigated the role of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in GBM stem cell renewal and fate decisions. They identify new contexts for Wnt modulation for targeting stem cell differentiation and self-renewal in GBM heterogeneity. Developmental signal transduction pathways act diversely, with context-dependent roles across systems and disease types. Glioblastomas (GBMs), which are the poorest prognosis primary brain cancers, strongly resemble developmental systems, but these growth processes have not been exploited therapeutically, likely in part due to the extreme cellular and genetic heterogeneity observed in these tumors. The role of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in GBM stem cell (GSC) renewal and fate decisions remains controversial. Here, we report context-specific actions of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in directing cellular fate specification and renewal. A subset of primary GBM-derived stem cells requires Wnt proteins for self-renewal, and this subset specifically relies on Wnt/βcatenin signaling for enhanced tumor burden in xenograft models. In an orthotopic Wnt reporter model, Wnthi GBM cells (which exhibit high levels of βcatenin signaling) are a faster-cycling, highly self-renewing stem cell pool. In contrast, Wntlo cells (with low levels of signaling) are slower cycling and have decreased self-renewing potential. Dual inhibition of Wnt/βcatenin and Notch signaling in GSCs that express high levels of the proneural transcription factor ASCL1 leads to robust neuronal differentiation and inhibits clonogenic potential. Our work identifies new contexts for Wnt modulation for targeting stem cell differentiation and self-renewal in GBM heterogeneity, which deserve further exploration therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishani Rajakulendran
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Katherine J Rowland
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hayden J Selvadurai
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Moloud Ahmadi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Nicole I Park
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Sergey Naumenko
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Sonam Dolma
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ryan J Ward
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Milly So
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Lilian Lee
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Graham MacLeod
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Clarissa Pasiliao
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Caroline Brandon
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ian D Clarke
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Mark Bernstein
- Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Nizar Batada
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Stephane Angers
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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118
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Brown BA, Connolly GM, Mill CEJ, Williams H, Angelini GD, Johnson JL, George SJ. Aging differentially modulates the Wnt pro-survival signalling pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12844. [PMID: 30548452 PMCID: PMC6351844 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported pro-survival effects of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Wnt5a achieved this through induction of Wnt1-inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1) consequent to β-catenin/CREB-dependent, TCF-independent, signalling. However, we found that as atherosclerosis advances, although Wnt5a protein was increased, WISP-1 was reduced. We hypothesized this disconnect could be due to aging. In this study, we elucidate the mechanism underlying Wnt3a pro-survival signalling and demonstrate the differential effect of age on Wnt3a- and Wnt5a-mediated survival. We show Wnt3a protein was expressed in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries and co-located with macrophages and VSMCs. Meanwhile, Wnt3a stimulation of primary mouse VSMCs increased β-catenin nuclear translocation and TCF, but not CREB, activation. Wnt3a increased mRNA expression of the pro-survival factor WISP-2 in a TCF-dependent manner. Functionally, β-catenin/TCF inhibition or WISP-2 neutralization significantly impaired Wnt3a-mediated VSMC survival. WISP-2 was upregulated in human atherosclerosis and partly co-localized with Wnt3a. The pro-survival action of Wnt3a was effective in VSMCs from young (2 month) and old (18-20 month) mice, whereas Wnt5a-mediated rescue was impaired with age. Further investigation revealed that although Wnt5a induced β-catenin nuclear translocation in VSMCs from both ages, CREB phosphorylation and WISP-1 upregulation did not occur in old VSMCs. Unlike Wnt5a, pro-survival Wnt3a signalling involves β-catenin/TCF and WISP-2. While Wnt3a-mediated survival was unchanged with age, Wnt5a-mediated survival was lost due to impaired CREB activation and WISP-1 regulation. Greater understanding of the effect of age on Wnt signalling may identify targets to promote VSMC survival in elderly patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan A. Brown
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Georgia M. Connolly
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Carina E. J. Mill
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Helen Williams
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Jason L. Johnson
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Sarah J. George
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
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119
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Takahashi H, Abe M, Kuroda R. GSK3β controls the timing and pattern of the fifth spiral cleavage at the 2-4 cell stage in Lymnaea stagnalis. Dev Genes Evol 2019; 229:73-81. [PMID: 30631925 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-018-00625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Establishment of the body plan of multicellular organisms by the primary body axis determination and cell-fate specification is a key issue in biology. We have examined the mRNA localization of three Wnt pathway components gsk3β, β-catenin, and disheveled and investigated the effects of four selective inhibitors of these proteins on the early developmental stages of the spiral cleavage embryo of the fresh water snail Lymnaea (L.) stagnalis. mRNAs for gsk3β and β-catenin were distributed uniformly throughout the embryo during development whereas disheveled mRNA showed specific localization with intra- and inter-blastomere differences in concentration along the A-V axis during spiral cleavages. Remarkably, through inhibitor studies, we identified a short sensitive period from the 2- to 4-cell stage in which GSK3β inhibition by the highly specific 1-azakenpaullone (AZ) and by LiCl induced a subsequent dramatic developmental delay and alteration of the cleavage patterns of blastomeres at the fifth cleavage (16- to 24-cell stage) resulting in exogastrulation and other abnormalities in later stages. Inhibition of β-Catenin or Disheveled had no effect. Our inhibitor experiments establish a novel role for GSK3β in the developmental timing and orientated cell division of the snail embryo. Further work will be needed to identify the downstream targets of the kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Takahashi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Reiko Kuroda
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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120
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Abu-Khader A, Law KW, Jahan S, Manesia JK, Pasha R, Hovey O, Pineault N. Paracrine Factors Released by Osteoblasts Provide Strong Platelet Engraftment Properties. Stem Cells 2018; 37:345-356. [PMID: 30520180 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) and progenitors may one day overcome the slow platelet engraftment kinetics associated with umbilical cord blood transplantation. Serum-free medium conditioned with osteoblasts (i.e., osteoblast-conditioned medium [OCM]) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) was previously shown to increase cell growth and raise the levels of human platelets in mice transplanted with OCM-expanded progenitors. Herein, we characterized the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for these osteoblast-derived properties. Limiting dilution transplantation assays revealed that osteoblasts secrete soluble factors that synergize with exogenously added cytokines to promote the production of progenitors with short-term platelet engraftment activities, and to a lesser extent with long-term platelet engraftment activities. OCM also modulated the expression repertoire of cell-surface receptors implicated in the trafficking of HSC and progenitors to the bone marrow. Furthermore, OCM contains growth factors with prosurvival and proliferation activities that synergized with stem cell factor. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-2 was found to be present at higher levels in OCM than in control medium conditioned with MSC. Inhibition of the IGF-1 receptor, which conveys IGF-2' intracellular signaling, largely abolished the growth-promoting activity of OCM on immature CD34+ subsets and progenitors in OCM cultures. Finally, IGF-1R effects appear to be mediated in part by the coactivator β-catenin. In summary, these results provide new insights into the paracrine regulatory activities of osteoblasts on HSC, and how these can be used to modulate the engraftment properties of human HSC and progenitors expanded in culture. Stem Cells 2019;37:345-356.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Abu-Khader
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cell Therapy and Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Kyle W Law
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suria Jahan
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Javed K Manesia
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roya Pasha
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Owen Hovey
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pineault
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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121
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Tu X, Hong D, Jiang Y, Lou Z, Wang K, Jiang Y, Jin L. FH535 inhibits proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells by regulating CyclinA2 and Claudin1 gene expression. Gene 2018; 690:48-56. [PMID: 30552982 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway plays a major role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Small molecules which can cut off this signal transduction can be promising anti-cancer drugs for CRC therapy. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of FH535, an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, on inhibiting proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells DLD-1 and SW620. We found that FH535 could significantly suppress the growth of DLD-1 and SW620 cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. The results of cell cycle tests showed that FH535 could significantly induce G2/M arrest in colorectal cancer cells. Transwell and Wound-healing assays revealed that FH535 notably inhibited cell migration. Moreover, we found that FH535 down-regulated β-catenin and CyclinA2 expressions while up-regulating Claudin-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, which may contribute to the FH535-induced inhibitory effect on proliferation and migration in human colorectal cancer cells. Our study revealed that FH535 inhibited proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells by regulating CyclinA2 and Claudin1 gene expression, which enriches regulatory network of FH535 and may contribute to being promising anti-cancer drugs for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezi Tu
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Dan Hong
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yiyan Jiang
- Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhefeng Lou
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Longjin Jin
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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122
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Cheng X, Xu X, Chen D, Zhao F, Wang W. Therapeutic potential of targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:473-481. [PMID: 30530050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has often been reported in different cancers, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), and this signaling cascade is central to carcinogenesis. Approximately 80% of CRC cases harbor mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene, and half of the remaining cases feature mutations in the β-catenin gene that affect the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Unsurprisingly, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has potential value as a therapeutic target in the treatment of CRC. Several inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway have been developed for CRC treatment, but so far no molecular therapeutic targeting this pathway has been incorporated into oncological practice. In this review, we discuss the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CRC and its potential as a target of innovative therapeutic approaches for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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123
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TMEM9 promotes intestinal tumorigenesis through vacuolar-ATPase-activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:1421-1433. [PMID: 30374053 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular acidification and trafficking are associated with various cellular processes. However, their pathologic relevance to cancer remains elusive. We identified transmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) as a vesicular acidification regulator. TMEM9 is highly upregulated in colorectal cancer. Proteomic and biochemical analyses show that TMEM9 binds to and facilitates assembly of vacuolar-ATPase (v-ATPase), a vacuolar proton pump, resulting in enhanced vesicular acidification and trafficking. TMEM9-v-ATPase hyperactivates Wnt/β-catenin signalling via lysosomal degradation of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). Moreover, TMEM9 transactivated by β-catenin functions as a positive feedback regulator of Wnt signalling in colorectal cancer. Genetic ablation of TMEM9 inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo mouse models. Moreover, administration of v-ATPase inhibitors suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis of APC mouse models and human patient-derived xenografts. Our results reveal the unexpected roles of TMEM9-controlled vesicular acidification in hyperactivating Wnt/β-catenin signalling through APC degradation, and propose the blockade of TMEM9-v-ATPase as a viable option for colorectal cancer treatment.
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124
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Schneider JA, Craven TW, Kasper AC, Yun C, Haugbro M, Briggs EM, Svetlov V, Nudler E, Knaut H, Bonneau R, Garabedian MJ, Kirshenbaum K, Logan SK. Design of Peptoid-peptide Macrocycles to Inhibit the β-catenin TCF Interaction in Prostate Cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4396. [PMID: 30352998 PMCID: PMC6199279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New chemical inhibitors of protein-protein interactions are needed to propel advances in molecular pharmacology. Peptoids are peptidomimetic oligomers with the capability to inhibit protein-protein interactions by mimicking protein secondary structure motifs. Here we report the in silico design of a macrocycle primarily composed of peptoid subunits that targets the β-catenin:TCF interaction. The β-catenin:TCF interaction plays a critical role in the Wnt signaling pathway which is over-activated in multiple cancers, including prostate cancer. Using the Rosetta suite of protein design algorithms, we evaluate how different macrocycle structures can bind a pocket on β-catenin that associates with TCF. The in silico designed macrocycles are screened in vitro using luciferase reporters to identify promising compounds. The most active macrocycle inhibits both Wnt and AR-signaling in prostate cancer cell lines, and markedly diminishes their proliferation. In vivo potential is demonstrated through a zebrafish model, in which Wnt signaling is potently inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Schneider
- Departments of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Timothy W Craven
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Amanda C Kasper
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Chi Yun
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Michael Haugbro
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Erica M Briggs
- Departments of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Vladimir Svetlov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Evgeny Nudler
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Holger Knaut
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Michael J Garabedian
- Departments of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Susan K Logan
- Departments of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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125
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Grimaldi M, Boulahtouf A, Prévostel C, Thierry A, Balaguer P, Blache P. A Cell Model Suitable for a High-Throughput Screening of Inhibitors of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1160. [PMID: 30364258 PMCID: PMC6193374 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A constitutive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is an initiating event in colon carcinogenesis. We developed colon cancer cells models that highlight the non-selectivity of previously described inhibitors of the Wnt pathway and we propose our model as a suitable screening system for inhibitors of the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Prévostel
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Thierry
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Blache
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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126
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Nandkishore N, Vyas B, Javali A, Ghosh S, Sambasivan R. Divergent early mesoderm specification underlies distinct head and trunk muscle programmes in vertebrates. Development 2018; 145:dev.160945. [PMID: 30237317 DOI: 10.1242/dev.160945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Head and trunk muscles have discrete embryological origins and are governed by distinct regulatory programmes. Whereas the developmental route of trunk muscles from mesoderm is well studied, that of head muscles is ill defined. Here, we show that, unlike the myogenic trunk paraxial mesoderm, head mesoderm development is independent of the T/Tbx6 network in mouse. We reveal that, in contrast to Wnt and FGF-driven trunk mesoderm, dual inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin and Nodal specifies head mesoderm. Remarkably, the progenitors derived from embryonic stem cells by dual inhibition efficiently differentiate into cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. This twin potential is the defining feature of cardiopharyngeal mesoderm: the head subtype giving rise to heart and branchiomeric head muscles. Therefore, our findings provide compelling evidence that dual inhibition specifies head mesoderm and unravel the mechanism that diversifies head and trunk muscle programmes during early mesoderm fate commitment. Significantly, this is the first report of directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, without transgenes, into progenitors with muscle/heart dual potential. Ability to generate branchiomeric muscle in vitro could catalyse efforts in modelling myopathies that selectively involve head muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Nandkishore
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.,SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Bhakti Vyas
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Alok Javali
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.,National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Subho Ghosh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Ramkumar Sambasivan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India
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127
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Zhu L, Jones C. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway stimulates herpes simplex virus 1 productive infection. Virus Res 2018; 256:29-37. [PMID: 30077727 PMCID: PMC6261341 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ability of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) to replicate efficiently in differentiated cells is regulated by cellular factors that stimulate viral gene expression, cell survival, and viral morphogenesis. Activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway generally increases β-catenin protein levels, cell survival, and growth in dividing cells suggesting this important signaling pathway regulates productive infection. In this study, we demonstrated that a β-catenin specific small molecule inhibitor (iCRT14) reduced HSV-1 titers approximately 10-fold in primary human lung fibroblasts and Vero cells. Furthermore, β-catenin dependent transcription was increased at late times after infection and as expected iCRT14 reduced β-catenin dependent transcription. Although HSV-1 infection increased β-catenin steady state protein levels approximately 4-fold in Vero cells, there was only a nominal increase in human lung fibroblasts. We hypothesized that VP16 regulates β-catenin dependent transcription because VP16 is a viral regulatory protein expressed at late times after infection. In the absence of other viral proteins, VP16 increased β-catenin dependent transcription and β-catenin steady state protein levels. Collectively, these studies suggested the cellular transcription factor β-catenin stimulates productive infection, in part because VP16 enhances β-catenin dependent transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Zhu
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States; Yangzhou University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jiangsu Co-innovation, Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, 74078, United States.
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128
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Sogutlu F, Kayabasi C, Ozmen Yelken B, Asik A, Gasimli R, Dogan F, Yilmaz Süslüer S, Biray Avcı C, Gunduz C. The effect of ICRT-3 on Wnt signaling pathway in head and neck cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:380-395. [PMID: 30145828 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Wnt pathway in head and neck cancer could not be elucidated, even though the aberrant Wnt signaling plays a key role in the development of many types of cancer. The inhibitor of β-catenin responsive transcription (ICRT-3) blocks the Wnt signaling pathway by binding to β-catenin, which is a coactivator of the Wnt signaling pathway and a promising agent for inhibiting aberrant signaling. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ICRT-3 on the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, migration, and gene expressions in head and neck cancer stem cell (HNCSC) and hypopharynx cancer. The effect of this compound on cytotoxicity and cell viability in FaDu and HNCSC line was assessed by using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 method. The effect of ICRT-3 on apoptosis was detected by using Annexin V and caspase-3, caspase-9 kit, on cell cycle progression by cycle test plus DNA reagent kit, on gene expression by dual luciferase reporter assay, and on migration activity by wound healing assay in both cell lines. ICRT-3 was determined to have cytotoxic and apoptotic effect in both cell lines. In addition, it was also found that the administration of ICRT-3 caused cell cycle arrest and significant decrease in gene expression level and migration ability of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Sogutlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cagla Kayabasi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Besra Ozmen Yelken
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aycan Asik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Roya Gasimli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sunde Yilmaz Süslüer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigir Biray Avcı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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129
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Lommel M, Strompen J, Hellewell AL, Balasubramanian GP, Christofidou ED, Thomson AR, Boyle AL, Woolfson DN, Puglisi K, Hartl M, Holstein TW, Adams JC, Özbek S. Hydra Mesoglea Proteome Identifies Thrombospondin as a Conserved Component Active in Head Organizer Restriction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11753. [PMID: 30082916 PMCID: PMC6079037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondins (TSPs) are multidomain glycoproteins with complex matricellular functions in tissue homeostasis and remodeling. We describe a novel role of TSP as a Wnt signaling target in the basal eumetazoan Hydra. Proteome analysis identified Hydra magnipapillata TSP (HmTSP) as a major component of the cnidarian mesoglea. In general, the domain organization of cnidarian TSPs is related to the pentameric TSPs of bilaterians, and in phylogenetic analyses cnidarian TSPs formed a separate clade of high sequence diversity. HmTSP expression in polyps was restricted to the hypostomal tip and tentacle bases that harbor Wnt-regulated organizer tissues. In the hypostome, HmTSP- and Wnt3-expressing cells were identical or in close vicinity to each other, and regions of ectopic tentacle formation induced by pharmacological β-Catenin activation (Alsterpaullone) corresponded to foci of HmTSP expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) confirmed binding of Hydra TCF to conserved elements in the HmTSP promotor region. Accordingly, β-Catenin knockdown by siRNAs reduced normal HmTSP expression at the head organizer. In contrast, knockdown of HmTSP expression led to increased numbers of ectopic organizers in Alsterpaullone-treated animals, indicating a negative regulatory function. Our data suggest an unexpected role for HmTSP as a feedback inhibitor of Wnt signaling during Hydra body axis patterning and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lommel
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Strompen
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew L Hellewell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Gnana Prakash Balasubramanian
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,G200 Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Institute (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elena D Christofidou
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Andrew R Thomson
- School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Aimee L Boyle
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, POB 9502, NL-2300, RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Derek N Woolfson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Kane Puglisi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Hartl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas W Holstein
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Suat Özbek
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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130
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Cui C, Zhou X, Zhang W, Qu Y, Ke X. Is β-Catenin a Druggable Target for Cancer Therapy? Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:623-634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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131
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Aloysius A, DasGupta R, Dhawan J. The transcription factor Lef1 switches partners from β-catenin to Smad3 during muscle stem cell quiescence. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/540/eaan3000. [PMID: 30042129 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs), also known as satellite cells, persist in adult mammals by entering a state of quiescence (G0) during the early postnatal period. Quiescence is reversed during damage-induced regeneration and re-established after regeneration. Entry of cultured myoblasts into G0 is associated with a specific, reversible induction of Wnt target genes, thus implicating members of the Tcf and Lef1 (Tcf/Lef) transcription factor family, which mediate transcriptional responses to Wnt signaling, in the initiation of quiescence. We found that the canonical Wnt effector β-catenin, which cooperates with Tcf/Lef, was dispensable for myoblasts to enter quiescence. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches in cultured C2C12 myoblasts and in MuSCs, we demonstrated that Tcf/Lef activity during quiescence depended not on β-catenin but on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) effector and transcriptional coactivator Smad3, which colocalized with Lef1 at canonical Wnt-responsive elements and directly interacted with Lef1 specifically in G0 Depletion of Smad3, but not β-catenin, reduced Lef1 occupancy at target promoters, Tcf/Lef target gene expression, and self-renewal of myoblasts. In vivo, MuSCs underwent a switch from β-catenin-Lef1 to Smad3-Lef1 interactions during the postnatal switch from proliferation to quiescence, with β-catenin-Lef1 interactions recurring during damage-induced reactivation. Our findings suggest that the interplay of Wnt-Tcf/Lef and TGF-β-Smad3 signaling activates canonical Wnt target promoters in a manner that depends on β-catenin during myoblast proliferation but is independent of β-catenin during MuSC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajoy Aloysius
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India.,Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | | | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
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133
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Kalra RS, Chaudhary A, Yoon AR, Bhargava P, Omar A, Garg S, Yun CO, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R. CARF enrichment promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Wnt/β-catenin signaling: its clinical relevance and potential as a therapeutic target. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:39. [PMID: 29748568 PMCID: PMC5945778 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CARF (Collaborator of ARF)/CDKN2AIP was discovered as a novel ARF-binding protein. It has been established as an essential cell survival, p53-, and cell proliferation-regulatory protein. Although a moderate upregulation of CARF caused growth arrest and senescence, its excessively enriched levels were shown to facilitate aggressive proliferation and malignant transformation of cancer cells. Here, we examined the relevance of CARF levels in clinical tumors and found its amplification (both at gene and transcript levels) in a variety of invasive and metastatic malignancies. Consistent with the clinical readouts, enrichment of CARF in cancer cells promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cancer database and molecular analyses revealed that it activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, as evident by enhanced nuclear localization and function of β-catenin marked by increased level of SNAIL1, SNAIL2, ZEB1, and TWIST1 and its downstream gene targets. Of note, targeted knockdown of CARF led to decrease in nuclear β-catenin and its key downstream effectors, involved in EMT progression. Consistent with this, CARF targeting in vivo either by naked siRNA or CARF shRNA harboring adeno-oncolytic virus caused suppression of tumor progression and lung metastasis. Taken together, we report clinical and therapeutic relevance of CARF in EMT and cancer invasiveness/metastasis, and propose it as a potent therapeutic target of aggressive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar S Kalra
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Priyanshu Bhargava
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Amr Omar
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Sukant Garg
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- Drug Discovery and Assets Innovation Lab, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), DAICENTER, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
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134
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Schneider JA, Logan SK. Revisiting the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 462:3-8. [PMID: 28189566 PMCID: PMC5550366 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a widely accepted therapeutic target in prostate cancer and multiple studies indicate that the AR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways intersect. Recent genome-wide analysis of prostate cancer metastases illustrate the importance of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in prostate cancer and compel us to reexamine the interaction of the AR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. This review includes newer areas of interest such as non-canonical Wnt signaling and the role of Wnts in prostate cancer stem cells. The effort to develop Wnt modulating therapeutics, both biologics and small molecules, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Schneider
- Departments of Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Susan K Logan
- Departments of Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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135
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Zhu X, Yuan C, Tian C, Li C, Nie F, Song X, Zeng R, Wu D, Hao X, Li L. The plant sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling by blocking synthesis of the transcriptional regulators TCF4/LEF1. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5335-5344. [PMID: 29462785 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.819300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is essential for embryonic development and homeostasis, but excessive activation of this pathway is frequently observed in various human diseases, including cancer. Current therapeutic drugs targeting the Wnt pathway often lack sufficient efficacy, and new compounds targeting this pathway are therefore greatly needed. Here we report that the plant-derived natural product parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone, inhibits Wnt signaling. We found that PTL dose-dependently inhibits Wnt3a- and CHIR99021-induced transcriptional activity assessed with the T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF) firefly luciferase (TOPFlash) assay in HEK293 cells. Further investigations revealed that PTL decreases the levels of the transcription factors TCF4/LEF1 without affecting β-catenin stability or subcellular distribution. Moreover, this effect of PTL on TCF4/LEF1 was related to protein synthesis rather than to proteasome-mediated degradation. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of RPL10, a ribosome protein PTL binds, substantially decreased TCF4/LEF1 protein levels and also Wnt3a-induced TOPFlash activities, suggesting a potential mechanism by which PTL may repress Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In summary, PTL binds RPL10 and thereby potently inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Networks, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chunmao Yuan
- the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Networks, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,the School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chen Li
- the Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China, and
| | - Fen Nie
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Networks, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Networks, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- the Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China, and
| | - Dianqing Wu
- the Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China, .,the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Lin Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Networks, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China, .,the School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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136
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Duffy DJ, Krstic A, Schwarzl T, Halasz M, Iljin K, Fey D, Haley B, Whilde J, Haapa-Paananen S, Fey V, Fischer M, Westermann F, Henrich KO, Bannert S, Higgins DG, Kolch W. Wnt signalling is a bi-directional vulnerability of cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60310-60331. [PMID: 27531891 PMCID: PMC5312386 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signalling is involved in the formation, metastasis and relapse of a wide array of cancers. However, there is ongoing debate as to whether activation or inhibition of the pathway holds the most promise as a therapeutic treatment for cancer, with conflicting evidence from a variety of tumour types. We show that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is a bi-directional vulnerability of neuroblastoma, malignant melanoma and colorectal cancer, with hyper-activation or repression of the pathway both representing a promising therapeutic strategy, even within the same cancer type. Hyper-activation directs cancer cells to undergo apoptosis, even in cells oncogenically driven by β-catenin. Wnt inhibition blocks proliferation of cancer cells and promotes neuroblastoma differentiation. Wnt and retinoic acid co-treatments synergise, representing a promising combination treatment for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Additionally, we report novel cross-talks between MYCN and β-catenin signalling, which repress normal β-catenin mediated transcriptional regulation. A β-catenin target gene signature could predict patient outcome, as could the expression level of its DNA binding partners, the TCF/LEFs. This β-catenin signature provides a tool to identify neuroblastoma patients likely to benefit from Wnt-directed therapy. Taken together, we show that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is a bi-directional vulnerability of a number of cancer entities, and potentially a more broadly conserved feature of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Duffy
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Current address: The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, USA
| | - Aleksandar Krstic
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Schwarzl
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Current address: European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melinda Halasz
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bridget Haley
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jenny Whilde
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Vidal Fey
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Division of NB Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai-Oliver Henrich
- Division of NB Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Bannert
- Division of NB Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Desmond G Higgins
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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137
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Regulation of influenza virus replication by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191010. [PMID: 29324866 PMCID: PMC5764324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an essential pathway in cell cycle control. Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during viral infection has been reported. In this study, we examined the effect of modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling during influenza virus infection. The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by Wnt3a increased influenza virus mRNA and virus production in in vitro in mouse lung epithelial E10 cells and mRNA expresson of influenza virus genes in vivo in the lungs of mice infected with influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34. However, the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by iCRT14 reduced virus titer and viral gene expression in human lung epithelial A549 cells and viral replication in primary mouse alveolar epithelial cells infected with different influenza virus strains. Knockdown of β-catenin also reduced viral protein expression and virus production. iCRT14 acts at the early stage of virus replication. Treatment with iCRT14 inhibited the expression of the viral genes (vRNA, cRNA and mRNA) evaluated in this study. The intraperitoneal administration of iCRT14 reduced viral load, improved clinical signs, and partially protected mice from influenza virus infection.
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138
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Foulquier S, Daskalopoulos EP, Lluri G, Hermans KCM, Deb A, Blankesteijn WM. WNT Signaling in Cardiac and Vascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:68-141. [PMID: 29247129 PMCID: PMC6040091 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.013896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling is an elaborate and complex collection of signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple signaling molecules. WNT signaling is critically important for developmental processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue patterning. Little WNT signaling activity is present in the cardiovascular system of healthy adults, but reactivation of the pathway is observed in many pathologies of heart and blood vessels. The high prevalence of these pathologies and their significant contribution to human disease burden has raised interest in WNT signaling as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we first will focus on the constituents of the pathway and their regulation and the different signaling routes. Subsequently, the role of WNT signaling in cardiovascular development is addressed, followed by a detailed discussion of its involvement in vascular and cardiac disease. After highlighting the crosstalk between WNT, transforming growth factor-β and angiotensin II signaling, and the emerging role of WNT signaling in the regulation of stem cells, we provide an overview of drugs targeting the pathway at different levels. From the combined studies we conclude that, despite the sometimes conflicting experimental data, a general picture is emerging that excessive stimulation of WNT signaling adversely affects cardiovascular pathology. The rapidly increasing collection of drugs interfering at different levels of WNT signaling will allow the evaluation of therapeutic interventions in the pathway in relevant animal models of cardiovascular diseases and eventually in patients in the near future, translating the outcomes of the many preclinical studies into a clinically relevant context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Foulquier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Evangelos P Daskalopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Gentian Lluri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Kevin C M Hermans
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Arjun Deb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - W Matthijs Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
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139
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Deshmukh V, Hu H, Barroga C, Bossard C, Kc S, Dellamary L, Stewart J, Chiu K, Ibanez M, Pedraza M, Seo T, Do L, Cho S, Cahiwat J, Tam B, Tambiah JRS, Hood J, Lane NE, Yazici Y. A small-molecule inhibitor of the Wnt pathway (SM04690) as a potential disease modifying agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:18-27. [PMID: 28888902 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by loss of cartilage and increased subchondral bone within synovial joints. Wnt signaling affects the pathogenesis of OA as this pathway modulates both the differentiation of osteoblasts and chondrocytes, and production of catabolic proteases. A novel small-molecule Wnt pathway inhibitor, SM04690, was evaluated in a series of in vitro and in vivo animal studies to determine its effects on chondrogenesis, cartilage protection and synovial-lined joint pathology. DESIGN A high-throughput screen was performed using a cell-based reporter assay for Wnt pathway activity to develop a small molecule designated SM04690. Its properties were evaluated in bone-marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to assess chondrocyte differentiation and effects on cartilage catabolism by immunocytochemistry and gene expression, and glycosaminoglycan breakdown. In vivo effects of SM04690 on Wnt signaling, cartilage regeneration and protection were measured using biochemical and histopathological techniques in a rodent acute cruciate ligament tear and partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT + pMMx) OA model. RESULTS SM04690 induced hMSC differentiation into mature, functional chondrocytes and decreased cartilage catabolic marker levels compared to vehicle. A single SM04690 intra-articular (IA) injection was efficacious in a rodent OA model, with increased cartilage thickness, evidence for cartilage regeneration, and protection from cartilage catabolism observed, resulting in significantly improved Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histology scores and biomarkers, compared to vehicle. CONCLUSIONS SM04690 induced chondrogenesis and appeared to inhibit joint destruction in a rat OA model, and is a candidate for a potential disease modifying therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Hu
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - S Kc
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - K Chiu
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - M Ibanez
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - T Seo
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - L Do
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - S Cho
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - B Tam
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - J Hood
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - N E Lane
- University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Y Yazici
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
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140
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Li Y, Lu W, Saini SK, Moukha-Chafiq O, Pathak V, Ananthan S. Identification of quinazoline compounds as novel potent inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11263-70. [PMID: 26820295 PMCID: PMC4905471 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical for the initiation and progression of most colon cancers, and has emerged as one of the most promising targets for colorectal cancer chemoprevention and treatment. In this study, we have discovered a structurally related series of quinazolines as potent inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells harboring mutations in CTNNB1 or APC. We showed that the quinazoline leads suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling without altering the level of β-catenin protein in colorectal cancer cells, suggesting that they act on the downstream elements of the pathway. Moreover, the quinazoline leads displayed potent anticancer activities with IC50 values between 4.9 and 17.4 μM in colorectal cancer cells. Importantly, we also found that a structurally related quinazoline lacking inhibitory effect on Wnt/β-catenin signaling was unable to suppress colorectal cancer cell proliferation. Together, these results suggest that the quinazoline lead compounds identified in this study have therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Li
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
| | - Wenyan Lu
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
| | - Surendra K Saini
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
| | - Omar Moukha-Chafiq
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
| | - Vibha Pathak
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
| | - Subramaniam Ananthan
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, United States of America
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141
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Lyou Y, Habowski AN, Chen GT, Waterman ML. Inhibition of nuclear Wnt signalling: challenges of an elusive target for cancer therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4589-4599. [PMID: 28752891 PMCID: PMC5727325 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved Wnt signalling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and disease pathogenesis, most notably cancer. The 'canonical' or β-catenin-dependent Wnt signal initiates at the cell plasma membrane with the binding of Wnt proteins to Frizzled:LRP5/LRP6 receptor complexes and is mediated by the translocation of the transcription co-activator protein, β-catenin, into the nucleus. β-Catenin then forms a complex with T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) transcription factors to regulate multiple gene programmes. These programmes play roles in cell proliferation, migration, vasculogenesis, survival and metabolism. Mutations in Wnt signalling pathway components lead to constitutively active Wnt signalling that drives aberrant expression of these programmes and development of cancer. It has been a longstanding and challenging goal to develop therapies that can interfere with the TCF/LEF-β-catenin transcriptional complex. This review will focus on the (i) structural considerations for targeting the TCF/LEF-β-catenin and co-regulatory complexes in the nucleus, (ii) current molecules that directly target TCF/LEF-β-catenin activity and (iii) ideas for targeting newly discovered components of the TCF/LEF-β-catenin complex and/or downstream gene programmes regulated by these complexes. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Lyou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology OncologyUniversity of California Irvine Medical CenterOrangeCAUSA
| | - Amber N Habowski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - George T Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Marian L Waterman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
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Meinsohn MC, Morin F, Bertolin K, Duggavathi R, Schoonjans K, Murphy BD. The Orphan Nuclear Receptor Liver Homolog Receptor-1 (Nr5a2) Regulates Ovarian Granulosa Cell Proliferation. J Endocr Soc 2017; 2:24-41. [PMID: 29379893 PMCID: PMC5779114 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In mouse ovaries, liver receptor homolog-1 [nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A,
member 2 (Nr5a2)] expression is restricted to granulosa cells. Mice with Nr5a2
depletion in this cell population fail to ovulate. To determine whether Nr5a2 is
essential for granulosa cell proliferation during follicular maturation, we generated
granulosa-specific conditional knockout mice (genotype Nr5a2 floxed Cre-recombinase
driven by the anti-Müllerian type II receptor, hereafter cKO) with Nr5a2
depletion from primary follicles forward. Proliferation in cKO granulosa cells was
substantially reduced relative to control (CON) counterparts, as assessed by
bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, proliferative cell nuclear antigen expression, and
fluorescent-activated cell sorting. Microarray analysis revealed >2000
differentially regulated transcripts between cKO and CON granulosa cells. Major gene
ontology pathways disrupted were proliferation, steroid biosynthesis, female gamete
formation, and ovulatory cycle. Transcripts for key cell-cycle genes, including
Ccnd1, Ccnd2, Ccne1,
Ccne2, E2f1, and E2f2, were in
reduced abundance. Transcripts from other cell-cycle-related factors, including
Cdh2, Plagl1, Cdkn1a,
Prkar2b, Gstm1, Cdk7, and
Pts, were overexpressed. Although the follicle-stimulating
hormone and estrogen receptors were overexpressed in the cKO animals, in
vivo treatment with estradiol-17β failed to
rescue decreased proliferation. In vitro inactivation of Nr5a2 using
the ML180 reverse agonist similarly decreased cell-cycle-related gene transcripts and
downstream targets, as in cKO mice. Pharmacological inhibition of
β-catenin, an Nr5a2 cofactor, decreased cyclin gene
transcripts and downstream targets. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated
deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling immunofluorescence and quantitative
polymerase chain reaction of pro/antiapoptotic and autophagic markers showed no
differences between cKO and CON granulosa cells. Thus, Nr5a2 is essential for
granulosa cell proliferation, but its depletion does not alter the frequency of
apoptosis nor autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Charlotte Meinsohn
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Fanny Morin
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Kalyne Bertolin
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Qubec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruce D Murphy
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada
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143
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Michalicka M, Boisjoli G, Jahan S, Hovey O, Doxtator E, Abu-Khader A, Pasha R, Pineault N. Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Osteoblasts Promote the Expansion of Hematopoietic Progenitors Through Beta-Catenin and Notch Signaling Pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1735-1748. [PMID: 29050516 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coculture of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with primary stromal cells from HSC niches supports the maintenance and expansion of HSC and progenitors ex vivo. However, a major drawback is the availability of primary human samples for research and clinical applications. We investigated the use of in vitro derived osteoblasts as a new source of feeder cells and characterized the molecular pathways that mediate their growth-promoting activities. First, we compared the growth and differentiation modulating activities of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-derived osteoblasts (M-OST) with those of their undifferentiated precursor on umbilical cord blood (UCB) progenitors. Feeder-free cultures were also included as baseline control. Cell growth and expansion of hematopoietic progenitors were significantly enhanced by both feeder cell types. However, progenitor cell growth was considerably greater with M-OST. Coculture also promoted the maintenance of immature CD34+ progenitor subsets and modulated in a positive fashion the expression of several homing-related cell surface receptors, in a feeder-specific fashion. Serial transplantation experiments revealed that M-OST coculture supported the maintenance of long-term lympho-myeloid reconstituting HSC that provided engraftment levels that were generally superior to those from MSC cocultures. Mechanistically, we found that coculture with M-OST was associated with enhanced beta-catenin (β-Cat) activity in UCB cells and that abrogation of β-Cat/T-cell factor activity blunted the growth-promoting activity of the M-OST coculture. Conversely, Notch inhibition reduced UCB cell expansion, but to a much lesser extent. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that M-OST are excellent feeder cells for HSC and progenitors, and it identifies key molecular pathways that are responsible for the growth-enhancing activities of osteoblasts on UCB progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Michalicka
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gavin Boisjoli
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suria Jahan
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada .,2 Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Owen Hovey
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada .,2 Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Emily Doxtator
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmad Abu-Khader
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roya Pasha
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pineault
- 1 Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada .,2 Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
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Gufler S, Artes B, Bielen H, Krainer I, Eder MK, Falschlunger J, Bollmann A, Ostermann T, Valovka T, Hartl M, Bister K, Technau U, Hobmayer B. β-Catenin acts in a position-independent regeneration response in the simple eumetazoan Hydra. Dev Biol 2017; 433:310-323. [PMID: 29108673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-Catenin signaling plays crucial roles in regenerative processes in eumetazoans. It also acts in regeneration and axial patterning in the simple freshwater polyp Hydra, whose morphallactic regenerative capacity is unparalleled in the animal kingdom. Previous studies have identified β-catenin as an early response gene activated within the first 30min in Hydra head regeneration. Here, we have studied the role of β-Catenin in more detail. First, we show that nuclear β-Catenin signaling is required for head and foot regeneration. Loss of nuclear β-Catenin function blocks head and foot regeneration. Transgenic Hydra tissue, in which β-Catenin is over-expressed, regenerates more heads and feet. In addition, we have identified a set of putative β-Catenin target genes by transcriptional profiling, and these genes exhibit distinct expression patterns in the hypostome, in the tentacles, or in an apical gradient in the body column. All of them are transcriptionally up-regulated in the tips of early head and foot regenerates. In foot regenerates, this is a transient response, and expression starts to disappear after 12-36h. ChIP experiments using an anti-HydraTcf antibody show Tcf binding at promoters of these targets. We propose that gene regulatory β-Catenin activity in the pre-patterning phase is generally required as an early regeneration response. When regenerates are blocked with iCRT14, initial local transcriptional activation of β-catenin and the target genes occurs, and all these genes remain upregulated at the site of both head and foot regeneration for the following 2-3 days. This indicates that the initial regulatory network is followed by position-specific programs that inactivate fractions of this network in order to proceed to differentiation of head or foot structures. brachyury1 (hybra1) has previously been described as early response gene in head and foot regeneration. The HyBra1 protein, however, appears in head regenerating tips not earlier than about twelve hours after decapitation, and HyBra1 translation does not occur in iCRT14-treated regenerates. Foot regenerates never show detectable levels of HyBra1 protein at all. These results suggest that translational control mechanisms may play a decisive role in the head- and foot-specific differentiation phase, and HyBra1 is an excellent candidate for such a key regulator of head specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gufler
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Artes
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - H Bielen
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Development, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - I Krainer
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M-K Eder
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Falschlunger
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Bollmann
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Ostermann
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Valovka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Hartl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Bister
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - U Technau
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Development, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - B Hobmayer
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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145
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Shin SH, Lim DY, Reddy K, Malakhova M, Liu F, Wang T, Song M, Chen H, Bae KB, Ryu J, Liu K, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. A Small Molecule Inhibitor of the β-Catenin-TCF4 Interaction Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo. EBioMedicine 2017; 25:22-31. [PMID: 29033371 PMCID: PMC5704052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is associated with aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway. β-Catenin plays essential roles in the Wnt pathway by interacting with T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) to transcribe oncogenes. We synthesized a small molecule, referred to as HI-B1, and evaluated signaling changes and biological consequences induced by the compound. HI-B1 inhibited β-catenin/TCF4 luciferase activity and preferentially caused apoptosis of cancer cells in which the survival is dependent on β-catenin. The formation of the β-catenin/TCF4 complex was disrupted by HI-B1 due to the direct interaction of HI-B1 with β-catenin. Colon cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) studies showed that a tumor with higher levels of β-catenin expression was more sensitive to HI-B1 treatment, compared to a tumor with lower expression levels of β-catenin. The different sensitivities of PDX tumors to HI-B1 were dependent on the β-catenin expression level and potentially could be further exploited for biomarker development and therapeutic applications against colon cancer. HI-B1 is a synthesized compound identified as a β-catenin inhibitor suppressing the β-catenin-TCF4 protein interaction. HI-B1 preferentially causes apoptosis in β-catenin-dependent cancer cells. A colon cancer PDX mouse model with a high level of β-catenin is sensitive to HI-B1.
β-catenin is an important protein that facilitates colon cancer. Shin et al. synthesized and identified HI-B1 as a direct β-catenin inhibitor. HI-B1 disrupted formation of the β-catenin-TCF4 protein complex. HI-B1 preferentially caused apoptosis of cancer cells in which the survival is dependent on β-catenin. In a comparison of two colon cancer PDX models with different β-catenin levels, they showed that β-catenin-high PDX is more sensitive to HI-B1 treatment than β-catenin-low PDX. HI-B1 could thus be further developed as a colon cancer drug, and β-catenin expression levels might be a predictive biomarker for colon cancer therapy using β-catenin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | | | - Fangfang Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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146
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147
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Zhang T, Hsu FN, Xie XJ, Li X, Liu M, Gao X, Pei X, Liao Y, Du W, Ji JY. Reversal of hyperactive Wnt signaling-dependent adipocyte defects by peptide boronic acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E7469-E7478. [PMID: 28827348 PMCID: PMC5594642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621048114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated Wnt signaling and altered lipid metabolism have been linked to obesity, diabetes, and various cancers, highlighting the importance of identifying inhibitors that can modulate Wnt signaling and aberrant lipid metabolism. We have established a Drosophila model with hyperactivated Wnt signaling caused by partial loss of axin, a key component of the Wnt cascade. The Axin mutant larvae are transparent and have severe adipocyte defects caused by up-regulation of β-catenin transcriptional activities. We demonstrate pharmacologic mitigation of these phenotypes in Axin mutants by identifying bortezomib and additional peptide boronic acids. We show that the suppressive effect of peptide boronic acids on hyperactive Wnt signaling is dependent on α-catenin; the rescue effect is completely abolished with the depletion of α-catenin in adipocytes. These results indicate that rather than targeting the canonical Wnt signaling pathway directly, pharmacologic modulation of β-catenin activity through α-catenin is a potentially attractive approach to attenuating Wnt signaling in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Fu-Ning Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Xiao-Jun Xie
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Xinsheng Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Xun Pei
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Yang Liao
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Wei Du
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
| | - Jun-Yuan Ji
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843
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148
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Gill JK, Arora JS, Sunil Kumar BV, Mukhopadhyay CS, Kaur S, Kashyap N. Cellular thermotolerance is independent of HSF 1 expression in zebu and crossbred non-lactating cattle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1687-1693. [PMID: 28451769 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress is an important domain of research in livestock due to its negative impact on production and disease resistance. The augmentation of stress in the body stimulates the antioxidative activity comprising various enzymes (viz., catalase, superoxide dismutase), metabolites (reduced glutathione, etc.), vitamins, minerals, etc. to combat the situation. The major key players involved in regulation of heat shock response in eukaryotes are the transcription factors, called as heat shock factors (HSF). They activate the heat shock protein (HSP) genes by binding to their promoters. Lymphocytes are considered to be the best model to evaluate the immunity in any living body as it contains plethora of white blood cells (WBCs).In this study, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from non-lactating Sahiwal vis-à-vis crossbred (Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal) cattle with 75% or more exotic inheritance were subjected to heat shock at 39, 41, and 43 °C in three different incubators, in vitro. The cell count and viability test of pre and post heat stress of concerned PBMCs indicated that the crossbreeds are more prone to heat stress as compared to Sahiwal. The reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) expression data revealed an increment in HSF1 expression at 41 °C which subsequently declined (non-significantly) at 43 °C in both breeds post 1 h heat shock. However, the association between the HSF 1 expression and antioxidative activity through correlation analysis was found to be non-significant (P < 0.05), though enzymatic activity appeared to behave in a similar fashion in both breeds at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). This rule out the role of HSF1 expression level on the activity of enzymes involved in oxidative stress in vitro in zebu and crossbred cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur Gill
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J S Arora
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - B V Sunil Kumar
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - C S Mukhopadhyay
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Simarjeet Kaur
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Neeraj Kashyap
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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149
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Sharma A, Yang WL, Ochani M, Wang P. Mitigation of sepsis-induced inflammatory responses and organ injury through targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9235. [PMID: 28835626 PMCID: PMC5569053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been involved in regulating inflammation in various infectious and inflammatory diseases. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by dysregulated inflammatory response to infection with no effective therapy available. Recently elevated Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been detected in sepsis. However, its contribution to sepsis-associated inflammatory response remains to be explored. In this study, we show that inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling reduces inflammation and mitigates sepsis-induced organ injury. Using in vitro LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, we demonstrate that a small-molecule inhibitor of β-catenin responsive transcription, iCRT3, significantly reduces the LPS-induced Wnt/β-catenin activity and also inhibits TNF-α production and IκB degradation in a dose-dependent manner. Intraperitoneal administration of iCRT3 to C57BL/6 mice, subjected to cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis, decreases the plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines and organ injury markers in a dose-dependent manner. The histological integrity of the lungs is improved with iCRT3 treatment, along with reduced lung collagen deposition and apoptosis. In addition, iCRT3 treatment also decreases the expression of the cytokines, neutrophil chemoattractants, as well as the MPO activity in the lungs of septic mice. Based on these findings we conclude that targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway may provide a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Sharma
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Mahendar Ochani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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150
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Dietrich L, Rathmer B, Ewan K, Bange T, Heinrichs S, Dale TC, Schade D, Grossmann TN. Cell Permeable Stapled Peptide Inhibitor of Wnt Signaling that Targets β-Catenin Protein-Protein Interactions. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:958-968.e5. [PMID: 28757184 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation, thus it is often associated with diseases such as cancers. Unfortunately, although attractive, developing anti-cancer strategy targeting Wnt signaling has been challenging given that the most attractive targets are involved in protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Here, we develop a stapled peptide inhibitor that targets the interaction between β-catenin and T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor transcription factors, which are crucially involved in Wnt signaling. Our integrative approach combines peptide stapling to optimize proteolytic stability, with lessons learned from cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) design to maximize cellular uptake resulting in NLS-StAx-h, a selective, cell permeable, stapled peptide inhibitor of oncogenic Wnt signaling that efficiently inhibits β-catenin-transcription factor interactions. We expect that this type of integrative strategy that endows stapled peptides with CPP features will be generally useful for developing inhibitors of intracellular PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dietrich
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bernd Rathmer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kenneth Ewan
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Tanja Bange
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefan Heinrichs
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Trevor C Dale
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tom N Grossmann
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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