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Chockattu SJ, Deepak BS, Goud KM. Comparison of efficiency of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citric acid, and etidronate in the removal of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament using scanning electron microscopic analysis: An in-vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:6-11. [PMID: 28761245 PMCID: PMC5514814 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.209079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Being integral to root canal therapy, obturation can be performed adequately only after the removal of intracanal medicament. One technique involves the use of chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid. Etidronic acid, a relatively new chelator, has smear layer removal ability and lesser dentinal erosion. It is untested in calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2) medicament removal. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of irrigation protocols (EDTA, citric acid, and etidronate) in Ca(OH)2 removal. Materials and Methods: Forty-five single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated, instrumented, and filled with Ca(OH)2. After 7 days incubation, Ca(OH)2 was removed by three irrigation protocols (Group-I: 17% EDTA; Group-II: 10% citric acid; and Group-III: 18% etidronate). Roots were split and analyzed (scanning electron microscope, ×1500). Chelator solution pH was tested. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Group-III (coronal-third) and Groups-I and II (middle-third) had highest cleanliness scores; Groups-II and III (apical-third) had lowest scores. Comparing the thirds, all groups showed difference in scores. pH of Groups-I, II, and III were 6.8, 1.4, and 0.3, respectively. Conclusion: The solution pH of citric acid and etidronate impacts their Ca(OH)2 removal efficiency in different ways: the highly alkaline pH of Ca(OH)2 increases citric acid pH toward neutrality, where it becomes an inefficient chelator; on the contrary, high acidity of etidronate compensates for its weaker chelation. Etidronate may not require 5 min duration for Ca(OH)2 removal due to the likelihood of dentinal erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Jose Chockattu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - B S Deepak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - K Mallikarjun Goud
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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102
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BALDASSO FER, ROLETO L, SILVA VDD, MORGENTAL RD, KOPPER PMP. Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e40. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana ROLETO
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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103
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Atasoy Ulusoy Öİ, Savur İG, Çelik B. Etilendiamin tetraasetik asit, perasetik asit ve etidronik asitin sodyum hipokloritin doku çözme kapasitesi üzerine etkisi: in vitro. ACTA ODONTOLOGICA TURCICA 2016. [DOI: 10.17214/gaziaot.277456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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104
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Morago A, Ordinola-Zapata R, Ferrer-Luque CM, Baca P, Ruiz-Linares M, Arias-Moliz MT. Influence of Smear Layer on the Antimicrobial Activity of a Sodium Hypochlorite/Etidronic Acid Irrigating Solution in Infected Dentin. J Endod 2016; 42:1647-1650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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105
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Eymirli A, Nagas E, Uyanik MO, Cehreli ZC. Effect of Laser-Activated Irrigation with Ethylene Diaminetetraacetic Acid and Phytic Acid on the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide and Triple Antibiotic Paste from Root Dentin. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:43-48. [PMID: 27623238 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the efficacy of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI) of ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and phytic acid on the removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) from root canals. BACKGROUND DATA Although some studies investigated the efficacy of LAI of EDTA irrigation, no study has been conducted to investigate the efficacy of LAI of phytic acid in the removal of CH and TAP from root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Root canals of extracted maxillary incisors (n = 80) were instrumented using rotary files and thereafter were split longitudinally. Following preparation of a standardized groove in the apical region of one root half, the roots were randomly divided into two groups according to the intracanal medicaments placed into the grooves: (1) CH and (2) TAP. The roots were reassembled, and the specimens were further assigned into four groups (n = 10/group) defined by the final irrigation solution (EDTA and phytic acid) and irrigation technique (needle irrigation and LAI) used for removal of the medicaments. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS For both EDTA and phytic acid, LAI was more efficient than needle irrigation in removing both CH and TAP (p < 0.05), but none of the tested techniques completely removed CH. Irrespective of the tested irrigation solutions and techniques, significantly less TAP remained in canals (p = 0.0001), with TAP being completely removed by LAI. Irrigation with phytic acid showed better removal efficacy than EDTA in the absence of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Er,Cr:YSGG LAI of EDTA and phytic acid completely removed TAP and effectively reduced CH on root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Eymirli
- 1 Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Nagas
- 1 Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozgur Uyanik
- 1 Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zafer Cavit Cehreli
- 2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
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106
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Guneser MB, Arslan D, Dincer AN, Er G. Effect of sodium hypochlorite irrigation with or without surfactants on the bond strength of an epoxy-based sealer to dentin. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1259-1265. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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107
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Carvalho NK, Prado MC, Senna PM, Neves AA, Souza EM, Fidel SR, Sassone LM, Silva EJNL. Do smear-layer removal agents affect the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers? Int Endod J 2016; 50:612-619. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics; Rio de Janeiro State University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - M. C. Prado
- Department of Endodontics; Rio de Janeiro State University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - P. M. Senna
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. A. Neves
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - E. M. Souza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry II; Federal University of Maranhão; São Luis Brazil
| | - S. R. Fidel
- Department of Endodontics; Rio de Janeiro State University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - L. M. Sassone
- Department of Endodontics; Rio de Janeiro State University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - E. J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; Rio de Janeiro State University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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108
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de Sousa Iwamoto LA, Duailibi MT, Iwamoto GY, Juliano Y, Duailibi MS, Ossamu Tanaka FA, Duailibi SE. Tooth tissue engineering: tooth decellularization for natural scaffold. Future Sci OA 2016; 2:FSO121. [PMID: 28031968 PMCID: PMC5137886 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary science that aims to produce replacement organs and biological substitutes. One of the techniques involves decellularizing a biological organ without altering its structure. One challenge is how to demonstrate which method would be better for this process. METHODOLOGY Fifty premolar teeth were divided into five groups: G1 (control): solution of 10% formaldehyde; G2: phosphate buffer saline (PBS), 28 g of tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), sodium hypochlorite 2.5% (SH); G3: PBS, EDTA and 40v hydrogen peroxide (HP); G4: PBS, EDTA, SH, enzymatic detergent (ED); and G5: PBS, EDTA, HP, ED. Each group was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray, measured weights and color and received statistical analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that G5 was the most appropriate method to obtain a natural scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Aparecida de Sousa Iwamoto
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Talarico Duailibi
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Yoshinobu Iwamoto
- Material Engineering, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao José dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yara Juliano
- Health Science Department, UNISA – Universidade de Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvio Eduardo Duailibi
- CTCMol, Center of Cellular & Molecular Therapy, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Translational Surgery, Surgery Department, UNIFESP- Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology, Biofabrication Institute, BIOFABRIS, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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109
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Arias-Moliz MT, Morago A, Ordinola-Zapata R, Ferrer-Luque CM, Ruiz-Linares M, Baca P. Effects of Dentin Debris on the Antimicrobial Properties of Sodium Hypochlorite and Etidronic Acid. J Endod 2016; 42:771-5. [PMID: 26951957 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dentin powder on the concentration, pH, and antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) alone and combined with etidronic acid (HEBP). METHODS Biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis were grown on the surface of dentin blocks for 5 days and then exposed to 1% and 2.5% NaOCl alone or combined with 9% HEBP for 3 minutes in the absence and presence of dentin powder. The biovolumes of the biofilm were measured using confocal microscopy and the live/dead technique. The available chlorine and pH of the solutions were also measured. Nonparametric tests were used to determine statistical differences (P < .05). RESULTS The presence of dentin powder resulted in a reduction of the free available chlorine and pH in all the irrigating solutions; 1% NaOCl lost its antimicrobial activity completely in the presence of dentin powder. The antimicrobial activity was significantly reduced in the 2.5% NaOCl and 1% NaOCl/HEBP groups, and it was not affected in the 2.5% NaOCl/HEBP group. CONCLUSIONS The presence of dentin powder significantly decreased the available chlorine and antimicrobial activity of 1% NaOCl, 2.5% NaOCl, and 1% NaOCl/HEBP irrigating solutions. The antimicrobial activity of 2.5% NaOCl/HEBP was not affected by the dentin powder after a 3-minute contact time against E. faecalis biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Morago
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pilar Baca
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Spain
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110
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Lopes FC, Roperto R, Akkus A, Akkus O, Souza-Gabriel AE, Sousa-Neto MD. Effects of different lasers on organic/inorganic ratio of radicular dentin. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:415-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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111
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Tartari T, Oda DF, Zancan RF, da Silva TL, de Moraes IG, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Mixture of alkaline tetrasodium EDTA with sodium hypochlorite promotesin vitrosmear layer removal and organic matter dissolution during biomechanical preparation. Int Endod J 2016; 50:106-114. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tartari
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - D. F. Oda
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - R. F. Zancan
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - T. L. da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - I. G. de Moraes
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. A. H. Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - C. M. Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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112
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Liu Y, Wang X, Dong W, Fu K, Gao N, Li W, Li R. Biological tooth root reconstruction with a scaffold of swine treated dentin matrix. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27332c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Treated dentin matrix (TDM) is an ideal scaffolding material with odontogenic ability, which is important for supporting cell growth and regeneration of dental tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Liu
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Wenhang Dong
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Fu
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Wenlu Li
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Stomatology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
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113
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Mohammadi Z, Shalavi S, Giardino L, Palazzi F, Asgary S. Impact of Ultrasonic Activation on the Effectiveness of Sodium Hypochlorite: A Review. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2015; 10:216-20. [PMID: 26525646 PMCID: PMC4609656 DOI: 10.7508/iej.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using ultrasonic devices in endodontics can enhance the antibacterial and tissue dissolving ability of different root canal irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) which is the most common irrigant with excellent antibacterial and tissue dissolving abilities. However, due to its high surface tension, its penetration into the irregularities of the root canal system is a challenge. The purpose of this paper was to review the different ultrasonic devices, different types of ultrasonic irrigation, the effect(s) of ultrasonic activation on the antibacterial and biofilm-removal abilities of NaOCl as well as the effect of ultrasonic activation on the smear layer removal ability of NaOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Mohammadi
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; ; Iranian National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Luciano Giardino
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, Pharmacology and Microbiology, Dental School, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Flavio Palazzi
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - Saeed Asgary
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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114
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Silveira BRF, Martelo RB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:876-879. [PMID: 26718295 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE To evaluated the tissue dissolution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and peracetic acid (PA) solutions at different concentrations, with or without ultrasonic agitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following solutions were analyzed: 2.5% NaOCl, 0.5, 1 and 2% PA, 1% PA associated with 6.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and saline. Fragments of bovine pulp tissue with 25 ± 2g mg were immersed into test tubes containing 4 mL of the solutions for 10 minutes. In the groups with agitation, pulp tissues were submitted to 2 cycles of 1 minute of ultrasonic agitation. The specimens were weighed after the removal from the solutions. The percentage of mass loss was calculated according to the difference of mass before and after exposure to solutions. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS A total of 2.5% NaOCl with or without agitation showed the higher tissue dissolution (between 64.5 and 67% of mass reduction) (p < 0.005). By comparing the PA solutions, the concentrations of 1 and 2% with or without agitation and the concentration of 0.5% with agitation showed similar dissolution activity (between 35.4 and 44% of mass reduction). The use of the ultrasonic agitation promoted an increase of the dissolution ability only for 0.5% PA. CONCLUSION Peracetic acid solution has pulp tissue dissolution. However, this ability is lower than 2.5% NaOCl solution. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The sodium hypochlorite solution shows higher ability to dissolve tissue than PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Tanomaru-Filho
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Rua Humaita, 1680 CEP: 14801903, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +55-16-3301-6390 e-mail:
| | - Bruna Ramos Franco Silveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Bosso Martelo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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115
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Ethem Yaylali I, Kececi AD, Ureyen Kaya B. Ultrasonically Activated Irrigation to Remove Calcium Hydroxide from Apical Third of Human Root Canal System: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. J Endod 2015; 41:1589-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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116
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Gaddala N, Veeramachineni C, Tummala M. Effect of Peracetic Acid as A Final Rinse on Push Out Bond Strength of Root Canal Sealers to Root Dentin. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC75-7. [PMID: 26155568 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12254.5960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smear layer which was formed during the instrumentation of root canals hinders the penetration of root canal sealers to root dentin and affect the bond strength of root canal sealers to root dentin. Final irrigant such as demineralizing agents are used to remove the inorganic portion of the smear layer. In the present study, peracetic acid used as a final rinse, to effect the bond strength of root canal sealers to root dentin. AIM The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of peracetic acid as a final irrigant on bond strength of root canal sealers to root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty six freshly extracted human single rooted mandibular premolars were used for this study. After decoronation the samples were instrumented with Protaper upto F3 and irrigated with 5.25% NaOcl. The teeth were then divided into three groups based on final irrigant used: Group-1(control group) Canals were irrigated with distilled water. Group-2: Canals were irrigated with peracetic acid. Group-3: Canals were irrigated with smear clear. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n=30) based on the sealer used to obturate the canals. Subgroup-1: kerr, Subgroup-2: Apexit plus, Subgroup-3: AH PLUS. Each sealer was mixed and coated to master cone and placed in the canal. The bonding between sealer and dentin surface was evaluated using push out bond strength by universal testing machine. The mean bond strength values of each group were statistically evaluated using Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test. RESULTS Significant difference was found among the bond strength of the sealers. But, there is no statistically significant difference between the groups irrigated with peracetic acid and smear clear compared to control group. AH Plus showed highest bond strength irrespective of the final irrigant used. CONCLUSION Peracetic acid when employed as final irrigant improved the bond strength of root canal sealers compared to control group but not statistically significant than smear clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Gaddala
- PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chandrasekhar Veeramachineni
- Professor and HOD, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Muralidhar Tummala
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mamata Dental College , Andhra Pradesh, India
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117
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Carrasco R, Román R, Ojeda M, Vergara C. Sonic versus ultrasonic activation for the cleaning of the root canal after post space preparation: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ORAL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.17126/joralres.2015.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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118
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Kuruvilla A, Jaganath BM, Krishnegowda SC, Ramachandra PKM, Johns DA, Abraham A. A comparative evaluation of smear layer removal by using edta, etidronic acid, and maleic acid as root canal irrigants: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:247-51. [PMID: 26069414 PMCID: PMC4450534 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.157266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 17% EDTA, 18% etidronic acid, and 7% maleic acid in smear layer removal using scanning electron microscopic image analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty, freshly extracted mandibular premolars were used. The teeth were decoronated to obtain working length of 17mm and instrumentation up to 40 size (K file) with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation between each file. The samples were divided into Groups I (17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)), II (18% etidronic acid), and III (7% maleic acid) containing 10 samples each. Longitudinal sectioning of the samples was done. Then the samples were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) at apical, middle, and coronal levels. The images were scored according to the criteria: 1. No smear layer, 2. moderate smear layer, and 3 heavy smear layer. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data was analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Mann-Whitney U test for individual comparisons. The level for significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS The present study showed that all the three experimental irrigants removed the smear layer from different tooth levels (coronal, middle, and apical). Final irrigation with 7% maleic acid is more efficient than 17% EDTA and 18% etidronic acid in the removal of smear layer from the apical third of root canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aby Kuruvilla
- Department of Endodontics, Hassanaba Dental College, Vidhya Nagar, Hassan, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Dexton Antony Johns
- Department of Endodontics, Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) Dental College, Calicut, India
| | - Aby Abraham
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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TUNCEL B, NAGAS E, CEHRELİ Z, UYANIK O, VALLITTU P, LASSILA L. Effect of endodontic chelating solutions on the bond strength of endodontic sealers. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100256. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Jamleh A, Fukumoto Y, Takatomo Y, Kobayashi C, Suda H, Adorno CG. A comparison between two negative pressure irrigation techniques in simulated immature tooth: an ex vivo study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:125-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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121
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Llena C, Cuesta C, Forner L, Mozo S, Segura JJ. The effect of passive ultrasonic activation of 2% chlorhexidine or 3% sodium hypochlorite in canal wall cleaning. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7:e69-73. [PMID: 25810845 PMCID: PMC4368021 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: the purpose of this study was to compare debris removal and open tubules effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) applied as final irrigation in different protocols
Study Design: sixty extracted premolars were divided into six groups according to the final irrigation technique: A and B 3 % NaOCl or 2 % CHX with the Miraject needle and no agitation; C and D, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with Irrisafe 20 tips and 3 % NaOCl or 2 % CHX; E and F, PUI with Irrisafe 25 tips and 3 % NaOCl or 2% CHX. The remaining dentine debris and opened tubules were evaluated by SEM at three root levels by two blinded investigators. The Kruskal Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare groups and levels, with a significance of p<0.05.
Results: Debris elimination was significantly higher in PUI groups (p<0.05). PUI groups showed a higher capability to open tubules, compared to groups A and B. In the coronal third, groups D to F eliminated more debris and opened more tubules than conventional irrigation (p<0.05). In medium third, group E eliminated significantly more debris (1.60) than group A (2.60). No differences were obtained among groups in apical third. Both NaOCl and CHX applied with PUI showed no differences in debris elimination or opened tubules.
Conclusions: Final PUI with Irrisafe tips was the most effective procedure for eliminating the debris and opening up dentinal tubules, independent of the irrigant solution or Irrisafe type size.
Key words:Ultrasonic irrigation, PUI, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Llena
- MD,DDS,PhD, Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València, Spain
| | | | - Leopoldo Forner
- MD,DDS,PhD, Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València, Spain
| | | | - Juan-Jose Segura
- MD,DDS,PhD, Department of Stomatology. Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
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Arias-Moliz MT, Ordinola-Zapata R, Baca P, Ruiz-Linares M, García García E, Hungaro Duarte MA, Monteiro Bramante C, Ferrer-Luque CM. Antimicrobial activity of Chlorhexidine, Peracetic acid and Sodium hypochlorite/etidronate irrigant solutions againstEnterococcus faecalisbiofilms. Int Endod J 2015; 48:1188-93. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Arias-Moliz
- Department of Microbiology; School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - R. Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Endodontics; Bauru Dental School; University of São Paulo; Bauru Brazil
| | - P. Baca
- Department of Stomatology; School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - M. Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Stomatology; School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - E. García García
- Department of Stomatology; School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - M. A. Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Endodontics; Bauru Dental School; University of São Paulo; Bauru Brazil
| | - C. Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Endodontics; Bauru Dental School; University of São Paulo; Bauru Brazil
| | - C. M. Ferrer-Luque
- Department of Stomatology; School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
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van der Sluis L, Boutsioukis C, Jiang LM, Macedo R, Verhaagen B, Versluis M. Root Canal Irrigation. SPRINGER SERIES ON BIOFILMS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-47415-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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124
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Arias-Moliz MT, Ordinola-Zapata R, Baca P, Ruiz-Linares M, Ferrer-Luque CM. Antimicrobial Activity of a Sodium Hypochlorite/Etidronic Acid Irrigant Solution. J Endod 2014; 40:1999-2002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ertas H, Ok E, Uysal B, Arslan H. Effects of different irrigating solutions and disinfection methods on push-out bond strengths of fiber posts. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:783-7. [PMID: 24773130 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.906651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various irrigating solutions and photoactivated disinfection (PAD) on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts to root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two human teeth were divided into eight groups, as follows: (1) irrigation with physiologic saline (control), (2) NaOCl irrigation, (3) chlorhexidine (CHX) irrigation, (4) ethanol (EtOH) irrigation, (5) NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA irrigation, (6) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with CHX irrigation, (7) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with EtOH irrigation and (8) NaOCl-EDTA irrigation supplemented with PAD. After the posts were cemented, the roots were transversally sectioned to obtain four slices (1 mm thick) (n = 16). Push-out tests were conducted by applying a load at 0.5 mm/min, types of fracture failures were recorded and data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (p = 0.05). RESULTS Push-out bond strength was significantly affected by the type of irrigating solution and the disinfection protocol (p < 0.05). The bond strength of the EtOH, NaOCl and NaOCl-EDTA-CHX irrigated groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The highest bond strength was observed in the EtOH irrigated group and the lowest was the NaOCl-EDTA irrigated group. CONCLUSIONS Irrigation with NaOCl and EDTA combined caused lower bond strength than observed in the control group. However, supplementing this combination with CHX improved the post-dentin bond strengths; supplementing with PAD did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Ertas
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University , Izmir , Turkey
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126
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Sczepanski F, Sczepanski CRB, Berger SB, Consani RLX, Gonini-Júnior A, Guiraldo RD. Effect of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid on the surface roughness of acrylic resin polymerized by heated water for short and long cycles. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:533-537. [PMID: 25512737 PMCID: PMC4253112 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.143638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the surface roughness of acrylic resin submitted to chemical disinfection via 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) or 1% peracetic acid (C2H4O3). MATERIALS AND METHODS The disc-shaped resin specimens (30 mm diameter ×4 mm height) were polymerized by heated water using two cycles (short cycle: 1 h at 74°C and 30 min at 100°C; conventional long cycle: 9 h at 74°C). The release of substances by these specimens in water solution was also quantified. Specimens were fabricated, divided into four groups (n = 10) depending on the polymerization time and disinfectant. After polishing, the specimens were stored in distilled deionized water. Specimens were immersed in 1% NaClO or 1% C2H4O3 for 30 min, and then were immersed in distilled deionized water for 20 min. The release of C2H4O3 and NaClO was measured via visual colorimetric analysis. Roughness was measured before and after disinfection. Roughness data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS There was no interaction between polymerization time and disinfectant in influencing the average surface roughness (Ra, P = 0.957). Considering these factors independently, there were significant differences between short and conventional long cycles (P = 0.012), but no significant difference between the disinfectants hypochlorite and C2H4O3 (P = 0.366). Visual colorimetric analysis did not detect release of substances. CONCLUSION It was concluded that there was the difference in surface roughness between short and conventional long cycles, and disinfection at acrylic resins polymerized by heated water using a short cycle modified the properties of roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Sczepanski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University North of Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Sandrine Bittencourt Berger
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University North of Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alcides Gonini-Júnior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University North of Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Danil Guiraldo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University North of Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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127
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Neelakantan P, Cheng CQ, Mohanraj R, Sriraman P, Subbarao C, Sharma S. Antibiofilm activity of three irrigation protocols activated by ultrasonic, diode laser or Er:YAG laser in vitro. Int Endod J 2014; 48:602-10. [PMID: 25080240 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of three irrigation protocols, activated by three different methods, on mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. METHODOLOGY Root canals in 280 single-rooted teeth were instrumented using a rotary Ni-Ti system. Biofilms of E. faecalis were generated based on a previously established protocol. Samples were randomly divided into three experimental (n = 80) and one control (n = 40) group based on the irrigation protocol employed: group 1 (NaOCl + Etidronic acid), 1 : 1 mixture of 6% NaOCl and 18% etidronic acid; group 2 (NaOCl-EDTA), 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA; group 3 (NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl), 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA and a final flush of 3% NaOCl. Saline served as the control. Samples were further divided into four subgroups (n = 20) based on the activation method: subgroup A, no activation; subgroup B, ultrasonic activation; group C, diode laser; group D, Er:YAG laser. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to assess bacterial viability in situ. Root dentine powder was obtained for determining the colony-forming units (CFU mL(-1) ). Data were analysed by appropriate statistical analyses with P = 0.05. RESULTS All experimental irrigation protocols caused complete destruction of the biofilm in the root canal lumen. Within the dentinal tubules, all groups had a significantly higher percentage of dead bacteria than the saline control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between NaOCl + etidronic acid and NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl (P > 0.05), whereas both groups brought about more bacterial reduction than NaOCl-EDTA (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between diode laser and Er:YAG laser in any of the groups (P > 0.05). Both diode and Er:YAG laser were more effective than ultrasonic activation and conventional syringe irrigation in reducing E. fecalis biofilms (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of NaOCl after or in combination with a chelator caused the greatest reduction of E. faecalis. Diode laser and Er:YAG laser activation were superior to ultrasonics in dentinal tubule disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Neelakantan
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - C Q Cheng
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - R Mohanraj
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - P Sriraman
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - C Subbarao
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - S Sharma
- Biofilm Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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128
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Samiei M, Pakdel SMV, Rikhtegaran S, Shakoei S, Ebrahimpour D, Taghavi P. Scanning electron microscopy comparison of the cleaning efficacy of a root canal system by Nd:YAG laser and rotary instruments. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:1240-1245. [PMID: 24887536 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the cleaning efficacy of a root canal system by Nd:YAG laser and rotary instruments. Sixty single-rooted human teeth were divided into four experimental groups (n=15). In the first group the teeth were prepared with a step-back technique using conventional K-files. In the second and third groups, tooth preparation was carried out using Nd:YAG laser and rotary NiTi instruments, respectively. Teeth in the fourth group were prepared by combined laser and rotary methods. The smear layer remaining on canal walls was then assessed by scanning electron microscopy in the coronal, middle, and apical portions. The comparison of smear layer removal efficacy between groups was carried out by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The mean grades of smear layer removal in rotary-laser, rotary, laser and step-back techniques were 1.34 ± 0.18, 2.2 ± 0.28, 1.91 ± 0.25, and 2.42 ± 0.19, respectively. On the whole, differences between rotary-laser and rotary groups, step-back, and the three other techniques (rotary, laser, and rotary-laser) were significant at p=0.034. Based on the findings of this study, the cleaning efficacy of rotary, laser, and rotary-laser techniques were better than the step-back technique and the combined laser and rotary technique was the most efficient method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samiei
- 1Department of Endodontics,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
| | - Seyyed Mahdi Vahid Pakdel
- 2Department of Prosthodontics,Student's research committee,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
| | - Sahand Rikhtegaran
- 3Department of Restorative dentistry,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
| | - Sahar Shakoei
- 1Department of Endodontics,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
| | - Delaram Ebrahimpour
- 4Department of Oral medicine,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
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Magro MG, Kuga MC, Aranda-Garcia AJ, Victorino KR, Chávez-Andrade GM, Faria G, Keine KC, Só MVR. Effectiveness of several solutions to prevent the formation of precipitate due to the interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine and its effect on bond strength of an epoxy-based sealer. Int Endod J 2014; 48:478-83. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Magro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - M. C. Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - A. J. Aranda-Garcia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - K. R. Victorino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - G. M. Chávez-Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - G. Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - K. C. Keine
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista; Araraquara PS Brazil
| | - M. V. R. Só
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Rio Grande do Sul Federal University; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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Tartari T, Guimarães BM, Amoras LS, Duarte MAH, Silva e Souza PAR, Bramante CM. Etidronate causes minimal changes in the ability of sodium hypochlorite to dissolve organic matter. Int Endod J 2014; 48:399-404. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tartari
- Department of Endodontics; Dental School of Bauru; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - B. M. Guimarães
- Department of Endodontics; Dental School of Bauru; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - L. S. Amoras
- Department of Endodontics; Dental School; Federal University of Pará; Belém PA Brazil
| | - M. A. H. Duarte
- Department of Endodontics; Dental School of Bauru; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | | | - C. M. Bramante
- Department of Endodontics; Dental School of Bauru; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
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131
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Macedo RG, Herrero NP, Wesselink P, Versluis M, van der Sluis L. Influence of the Dentinal Wall on the pH of Sodium Hypochlorite during Root Canal Irrigation. J Endod 2014; 40:1005-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Taneja S, Kumari M, Anand S. Effect of QMix, peracetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on calcium loss and microhardness of root dentine. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:155-8. [PMID: 24778513 PMCID: PMC4001273 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.128058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of different chelating agents on the calcium loss and its subsequent effect on the microhardness of the root dentin. Materials and Methods: Ten single rooted lower premolars were selected. The teeth were decoronated and thick transverse sections of 2 mm were obtained from the coronal third of the root. Each section was then divided into four quarters, each part constituting a sample specimen from the same tooth for each group. The treatment groups were: Group 1 (Control): 5% Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 5 min + distilled water for 5 min; Group 2: 5% NaOCl for 5 min + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 5 min; Group 3: 5% NaOCl for 5 min + 2.25% Peracetic acid (PAA) for 5 min and Group 4: 5% NaOCl for 5 min + QMix for 5 min respectively. The calcium loss of the samples was evaluated using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer followed by determination of their microhardness using Vickers Hardness Tester. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Post hoc Tukey test and Pearson correlation. Results: The maximum calcium loss and minimum microhardness was observed in Group 3 followed by Group 2, Group 4 and Group 1. There was a statistically significant difference between all the groups except between Groups 2 and 4. Conclusions: Irrigation with NaOCl + 2.25% PAA caused the maximum calcium loss from root dentin and reduced microhardness. A negative correlation existed between the calcium loss and reduction in the microhardness of root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Taneja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manju Kumari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surbhi Anand
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Cord CB, Velasco RVC, Ribeiro Melo Lima LF, Rocha DGP, da Silveira Bueno CE, Pinheiro SL. Effective analysis of the use of peracetic acid after instrumentation of root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2014; 40:1145-8. [PMID: 25069922 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of peracetic acid (PAA) in cleaning root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. METHODS Sixty first and second mandibular molars were used. Their mesiobuccal canals were prepared with the Reciproc System (VDW, Munich, Germany). The canals were irrigated with 10 mL saline during instrumentation. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 20), according to the irrigation solution to be used after instrumentation: group PAA (5 mL 1% PAA), group EDTA/sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (5 mL 17% EDTA followed by 5 mL 2.5% sodium hypochlorite), and group S (5 mL saline). Microbiological samples were collected before instrumentation and after final irrigation. Bacterial quantification was performed by counting the number of colony-forming units (CFUs/mL). The results were analyzed by the nonparametric Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS The 3 groups showed a significant reduction (P < .05) in CFUs/mL after final irrigation. PAA and NaOCl associated with EDTA produced a significantly higher reduction in CFUs/mL (P < .05) compared with saline. There was no statistically significant difference between PAA and EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the present study, the effectiveness of 1% PAA was similar to that of 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl in cleaning curved root canals contaminated with E. faecalis.
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Tartari T, Duarte Junior AP, Silva Júnior JOC, Klautau EB, Silva E Souza Junior MH, Silva E Souza Junior PDAR. Etidronate from medicine to endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimes on root dentin roughness. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 21:409-15. [PMID: 24212986 PMCID: PMC3881837 DOI: 10.1590/1679-775720130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED An increase in dentin roughness, associated with surface composition, contributes to bacterial adherence in recontaminations. Surface roughness is also important for micromechanical interlocking of dental materials to dentin, and understanding the characteristics of the surface is essential to obtain the adhesion of root canal sealers that have different physico-chemical characteristics. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated with different irrigation regimens on root dentin roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five root halves of anterior teeth were used. The root parts were sectioned in thirds, embedded in acrylic resin and polished to a standard surface roughness. Initially, the samples of each third were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated as follows: G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 5% NaOCl+18% HEBP mixed in equal parts; and G3 - 2.5% NaOCl. After initial measuments, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5 and G6, which were subjected to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measuments, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8 and G9. The dentin surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and after treatments using a profilometer. The Wilcoxon test (α<0.05) was used to compare the values before and after treatments, and the Friedman test (α<0.05) to detect any differences among root thirds. RESULTS (i) NaOCl did not affect the surface roughness; (ii) there was a significant increase in roughness after the use of chelating agents (P<0.01); and (iii) only the G3 group showed a difference in surface roughness between apical third and other thirds of the teeth (P<0.0043). CONCLUSION Only the irrigation regimens that used chelating agents altered the roughness of root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Tartari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Pará, BelémPA, Brazil
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135
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Graziele Magro M, Kuga MC, Regina Victorino K, Vázquez-Garcia FA, Aranda-Garcia AJ, Faria-Junior NB, Faria G, Luis Shinohara A. Evaluation of the interaction between sodium hypochlorite and several formulations containing chlorhexidine and its effect on the radicular dentin--SEM and push-out bond strength analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:17-22. [PMID: 24190651 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the presence of debris and smear layer after endodontic irrigation with different formulations of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and its effects on the push-out bond strength of an epoxy-based sealer on the radicular dentin. One hundred extracted human canines were prepared to F5 instrument and irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Fifty teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10), according to the final irrigation protocol with different 2% CHX formulations: G1 (control, no final rinse irrigation), G2 (CHX solution), G3 (CHX gel), G4 (Concepsis), and G5 (CHX Plus). In sequence, the specimens were submitted to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, in the cervical-medium and medium-apical segments, to evaluate the presence of debris and smear layer. The other 50 teeth were treated equally to a SEM study, but with the root canals filled with an epoxy-based endodontic sealer and submitted to a push-out bond strength test, in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds. G2, G3, G4, and G5 provided higher precipitation of the debris and smear layer than G1 (P < 0.05), but these groups were similar to each other (P > 0.05), in both segments. The values obtained in the push out test did not differ between groups, independent of the radicular third (P > 0.05). The CHXs formulations caused precipitation of the debris and smear layer on the radicular dentin, but these residues did not interfere in the push-out bond strength of the epoxy-based sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Graziele Magro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara - São Paulo, Brazil
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136
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Nagas E, Cehreli ZC, Uyanik MO, Durmaz V, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate to root dentin after exposure to different irrigation solutions. Dent Traumatol 2013; 30:246-9. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Nagas
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Zafer C. Cehreli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozgur Uyanik
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Veli Durmaz
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Pekka K. Vallittu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Research; Institute of Dentistry; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Lippo V.J. Lassila
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Research; Institute of Dentistry; University of Turku; Turku Finland
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137
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Efficacy of peracetic acid in rapid disinfection of Resilon and gutta-percha cones compared with sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and povidone-iodine. J Endod 2013; 39:1261-4. [PMID: 24041388 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine, 1% peracetic acid, and 10% povidone-iodine in the rapid disinfection of Resilon (Pentron Clinical Technologies, LLC, Wallingford, CT) and gutta-percha cones contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis. METHODS Two hundred fifty-six samples consisting of 128 gutta-percha cones and 128 Resilon cones were used in this study. The materials were tested for disinfection according to the type of solution (3% NaOCl, 2% chlorhexidine, 1% peracetic acid, or 10% povidone-iodine), the time of exposure to each solution (1 or 5 minutes), and the type of microorganisms (E. faecalis or B. subtilis). Subsequent to the disinfection, samples were placed in test tubes containing 10 mL Mueller-Hinton broth and incubated at 37°C for 7 days. All test tubes were observed at 24-hour intervals and visually checked for turbidity, signifying microbial growth. RESULTS In this study, 1% peracetic acid showed the best results for both 1 minute and 5 minutes of disinfection, 2% chlorhexidine showed the second best results although it was statistically at par with peracetic acid, and 3% hypochlorite ranked third in disinfection; this was statistically significant when compared with peracetic acid and chlorhexidine. Disinfection by povidone-iodine was the least within all the groups for both contact times although disinfection for 5 minutes showed better results than disinfection for 1 minute for gutta-percha. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of this study confirmed the efficacy of 1% peracetic acid and 2% chlorhexidine in the rapid disinfection of both Resilon and gutta-percha.
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138
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A new weak chelator in endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimens with etidronate on root dentin microhardness. Int J Dent 2013; 2013:743018. [PMID: 23983692 PMCID: PMC3745862 DOI: 10.1155/2013/743018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated in different irrigation regimens on root dentin microhardness. Forty-five root halves of single-rooted teeth were sectioned into thirds that were embedded in acrylic resin, polished, randomly assigned into 3 groups, and treated as follows: G1: saline solution; G2: 5% NaOCl + 18% HEBP, mixed in equal parts; and G3: 2.5% NaOCl. After measurements, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5, and G6, which were submitted to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measurements, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8, and G9. Microhardness was measured with Knoop indenter under a 25 g load for 15 seconds, before and after treatments. The data were statistically analyzed using paired Student's t-test (α<0.05) to compare values before and after treatments and analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α<0.05) to detect any differences among thirds. Except G1, all tested irrigation regimens significantly decreased the microhardness. There were no differences between root thirds before treatments, and all root thirds exhibited equal responses to same treatment. Except saline, all tested irrigation regimens reduced the root dentin microhardness.
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139
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Arslan H, Yeter KY, Karatas E, Yilmaz CB, Ayranci LB, Ozsu D. Effect of agitation of EDTA with 808-nm diode laser on dentin microhardness. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 30:599-604. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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140
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141
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Ordinola-Zapata R, Bramante CM, Garcia RB, de Andrade FB, Bernardineli N, de Moraes IG, Duarte MAH. The antimicrobial effect of new and conventional endodontic irrigants on intra-orally infected dentin. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:424-31. [PMID: 22607322 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.690531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if the incorporation of antimicrobial compounds to chelating agents or the use of chelating agents with antimicrobial activity as 7% maleic acid and peracetic acid show similar disinfection ability in comparison to conventional irrigants as sodium hypochlorite or iodine potassium iodide against biofilms developed on dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total bio-volume of live cells, the ratio of live cells and the substratum coverage of dentin infected intra-orally and treated with the irrigant solutions: MTAD, Qmix, Smear Clear, 7% maleic acid, 2% iodine potassium iodide, 4% peracetic acid, 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was measured by using confocal microscopy and the live/dead technique. Five samples were used for each irrigant solution. RESULTS Several endodontic irrigants containing antimicrobials as clorhexidine (Qmix), cetrimide (Smear Clear), maleic acid, iodine compounds or antibiotics (MTAD) lacked an effective antibiofilm activity when the dentin was infected intra-orally. The irrigant solutions 4% peracetic acid and 2.5-5.25% sodium hypochlorite decrease significantly the number of live bacteria in biofilms, providing also cleaner dentin surfaces (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Several chelating agents containing antimicrobials could not remove nor kill significantly biofilms developed on intra-orally infected dentin, with the exception of sodium hypochlorite and 4% peracetic acid. Dissolution ability is mandatory for an appropriate eradication of biofilms attached to dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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142
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Self-Adjusting File Cleaning-Shaping-Irrigation System Improves Root-filling Bond Strength. J Endod 2013; 39:254-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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143
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The effect of the irrigant QMix on removal of canal wall smear layer: an ex vivo study. Odontology 2013; 102:232-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-012-0102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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144
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Kaya BÜ, Keçeci AD, Güldaş HE. Investigation of Root Canal Debridement Efficacy of Low Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Compared to the Current Techniques. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2013. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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145
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Influence of dentin and enamel pretreatment with acidic sulfur compounds on adhesive performance. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1885-92. [PMID: 23138454 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the potential hampering effects of acidic sulfur compounds (ASC) containing hydroxybenzene sulfonic acid, hydroxymethoxybenzene sulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid, prior to self-etch and etch-and-rinse bonding procedures on enamel and dentin. According to the manufacturer, ASC should be applied after cavity preparation and prior to application of a primer in order to reduce the remaining biofilm in the preparation cavity. Despite promoted marketing, data on the investigated liquid are almost completely lacking. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and fifty-two extracted mandibular bovine incisors were embedded and polished to expose either enamel (E) or dentin (D). Then, specimens were randomly divided and conditioned as follows (n = 12/group): ASC and consecutive phosphoric acid application (E1/D1), ASC (E2/D2; E5/D5), phosphoric acid (E3/D3), and no conditioning (E4/D4; E6/D6). Groups were then treated with either Optibond FL(®) (etch-and-rinse; 1-4) or Clearfil SE Bond(®) (self-etch; 5-6). Hollow acrylic cylinders were bonded with a hybrid composite resin (Filtek Supreme XTE®) to the specimens, and the shear bond strength was measured (1 mm/min). In addition, failure types were assessed. Descriptive statistics and statistical analyses were performed with one-way ANOVA followed by the Scheffé post hoc test. RESULTS For enamel, the highest shear bond strength values were obtained applying routine bonding procedures (23.5 ± 5.6 MPa for etch-and-rinse and 26.0 ± 6.0 MPa for self-etch, respectively). In contrast, dentin pretreatment with a combination of ASC and phosphoric acid led to the highest shear bond values (22.8 ± 4.1 MPa). CONCLUSION This study shows that ASC prior to dental restoration placement cannot be recommended for etch-and-rinse procedures on enamel but is appropriate for dentin without interfering with routine bonding procedures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The application of acidic sulfur compounds prior to adhesive restoration placement should be restricted to dentin only as it may negatively influence shear bond strength on sound enamel.
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Silva PV, Guedes DFC, Nakadi FV, Pécora JD, Cruz-Filho AM. Chitosan: a new solution for removal of smear layer after root canal instrumentation. Int Endod J 2012; 46:332-8. [PMID: 22970844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the efficacy of smear layer removal using chitosan compared with different chelating agents, and to quantify, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with flame (AASF), the concentration of calcium ions in these solutions after irrigation. METHODOLOGY The root canals of twenty-five canines were prepared using a crown-down technique and irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite. The teeth were randomly divided into groups (n = 5), according to the type of final irrigation: 15% EDTA, 0.2% chitosan, 10% citric acid, 1% acetic acid and control (without final irrigation). The total volume of each chelating solution was collected from the canals and analysed by AASF for quantification of calcium ions in the solutions. Then, the roots were split longitudinally and examined by SEM for evaluation of smear layer removal in the middle and apical thirds. Cleaning scores were attributed and analysed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. The AASF data were analysed by one-way anova and Tukey-Kramer test. A significant level of α = 0.05 was adopted. RESULTS 15% EDTA, 0.2% chitosan and 10% citric acid had similar smear layer removal capacity with a significant difference (P < 0.05) from 1% acetic acid and the control group. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the smear layer remaining in the middle and apical thirds. The highest calcium ion concentration was observed with 15% EDTA (121.80 ± 5.13) and 0.2% chitosan (104.13 ± 19.23), with no significant difference. The lowest calcium ion concentration was obtained with 1% acetic acid (25.62 ± 7.68), whilst 10% citric acid (70.38 ± 11.15) had intermediate results, differing significantly from the other solutions (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS 15% EDTA, 0.2% chitosan and 10% citric acid effectively removed smear layer from the middle and apical thirds of the root canal. 15% EDTA and 0.2% chitosan were associated with the greatest effect on root dentine demineralization, followed by 10% citric acid and 1% acetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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147
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The Effect of Peracetic Acid on Removing Calcium Hydroxide from the Root Canals. J Endod 2012; 38:1197-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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148
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Good M, El KIA, Hussey DL. Endodontic 'solutions' part 1: a literature review on the use of endodontic lubricants, irrigants and medicaments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:239-40, 242-4, 246. [PMID: 22774686 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2012.39.4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endodontic lubricants, irrigants and medicaments help prepare and disinfect root canal systems (RCS) but primary and secondary cases involve different microbes and therefore it is unlikely that one protocol will be effective for both case types. Each individual 'solution' or sequence of'solutions' could play a significant role in each case type, but there are no detailed published guidelines in existence. To help inform clinical practice it was decided to undertake a literature review followed by a UK and Republic of Ireland wide audit on current endodontic'solution' usage within dental schools. The literature review was undertaken under the following headings: pre-op oral rinse; file lubricants; root canal irrigants and intracanal medicaments and provides an evidence base for protocol development for both primary and retreatment cases.The audit project and the protocols developed from the findings of both the literature review and audit will be presented in Part 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Good
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, The Royal Hospitals, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT12 6BP, Northern Ireland, UK
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149
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Neelakantan P, Varughese AA, Sharma S, Subbarao CV, Zehnder M, De-Deus G. Continuous chelation irrigation improves the adhesion of epoxy resin-based root canal sealer to root dentine. Int Endod J 2012; 45:1097-102. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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150
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Mozo S, Llena C, Forner L. Review of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics: increasing action of irrigating solutions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2012; 17:e512-6. [PMID: 22143738 PMCID: PMC3476090 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Effective irrigant delivery and agitation are prerequisites for successful endodontic treatment. Ultrasonic irrigation can be performed with or without simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation. Existing literature reveals that ultrasonic irrigation may have a very positive effect on chemical, biological and physical debridement of the root canal system as investigated in many in vitro studies.
Objective: The purpose of this review article was to summarize and discuss the available information concerning ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics.
Methods: This article presents an overview of ultrasonic irrigation methods and their debridement efficacy. In this paper the relevant literature on passive ultrasonic irrigation is reviewed. Information from original scientific papers or reviews listed in MEDLINE and Cochrane were included in the review.
Results: The use of ultrasound in the irrigation procedure results in improved canal cleanliness, better irrigant transfer to the canal system, soft tissue debridement, and removal of smear layer and bacteria. There are many in vitro studies, but there is a need to standardize protocols, and correlate the clinical efficacy of ultrasonic devices with improved treatment outcomes. Understanding the basis of ultrasonic irrigation is fundamental for clinicians and researchers to improve the design and use of ultrasonic irrigation.
Key words:Ultrasonic irrigation, ultrasound, smear layer, endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mozo
- Postgraduate Endodontics Program, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Spain
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