101
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Lal A, Ramazzotti D, Weng Z, Liu K, Ford JM, Sidow A. Comprehensive genomic characterization of breast tumors with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:84. [PMID: 31182087 PMCID: PMC6558765 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes predispose carriers to breast and ovarian cancer, and there remains a need to identify the specific genomic mechanisms by which cancer evolves in these patients. Here we present a systematic genomic analysis of breast tumors with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. METHODS We analyzed genomic data from breast tumors, with a focus on comparing tumors with BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations with common classes of sporadic breast tumors. RESULTS We identify differences between BRCA-mutated and sporadic breast tumors in patterns of point mutation, DNA methylation and structural variation. We show that structural variation disproportionately affects tumor suppressor genes and identify specific driver gene candidates that are enriched for structural variation. CONCLUSIONS Compared to sporadic tumors, BRCA-mutated breast tumors show signals of reduced DNA methylation, more ancestral cell divisions, and elevated rates of structural variation that tend to disrupt highly expressed protein-coding genes and known tumor suppressors. Our analysis suggests that BRCA-mutated tumors are more aggressive than sporadic breast cancers because loss of the BRCA pathway causes multiple processes of mutagenesis and gene dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avantika Lal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Present address: NVIDIA Corporation, 2788 San Tomas Expy, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA
| | - Daniele Ramazzotti
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ziming Weng
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Keli Liu
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - James M. Ford
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Arend Sidow
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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102
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Chen J, Haanpää MK, Gruber JJ, Jäger N, Ford JM, Snyder MP. High-Resolution Bisulfite-Sequencing of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation in Early-Onset and Familial Risk Breast Cancer Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5301-5314. [PMID: 31175093 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding and explaining hereditary predisposition to cancer has focused on the genetic etiology of the disease. However, mutations in known genes associated with breast cancer, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, account for less than 25% of familial cases of breast cancer. Recently, specific epigenetic modifications at BRCA1 have been shown to promote hereditary breast cancer, but the broader potential for epigenetic contribution to hereditary breast cancer is not yet well understood. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined DNA methylation through deep bisulfite sequencing of CpG islands and known promoter or regulatory regions in peripheral blood DNA from 99 patients with familial or early-onset breast or ovarian cancer, 6 unaffected BRCA mutation carriers, and 49 unaffected controls. RESULTS In 9% of patients, we observed altered methylation in the promoter regions of genes known to be involved in cancer, including hypermethylation at the tumor suppressor PTEN and hypomethylation at the proto-oncogene TEX14. These alterations occur in the form of allelic methylation that span up to hundreds of base pairs in length. CONCLUSIONS Our observations suggest a broader role for DNA methylation in early-onset, familial risk breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to clarify these mechanisms and the benefits of DNA methylation screening for early risk prediction of familial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Maria K Haanpää
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Joshua J Gruber
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Natalie Jäger
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - James M Ford
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California. .,Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
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103
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Kim HN, Shin MH, Lee R, Park MH, Kweon SS. Novel Germline Mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Korean Familial Breast Cancer Patients. Chonnam Med J 2019; 55:99-103. [PMID: 31161121 PMCID: PMC6536435 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2019.55.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in Korean women. Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes cause hereditary breast cancer and are detected in 15–20% of hereditary breast cancer. We investigated the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in 114 familial breast cancer patients using next-generation sequencing. We confirmed 20 different mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 25 subjects (21.9%). Two such mutations in eight patients were novel (not reported in any variant database or previous study). Six mutations have been reported as disease-causing mutations in public databases. Seven mutations were found only in a single nucleotide polymorphism database and one mutation has been reported in Korea. The BRCA1/2 mutation frequency was similar to that of other studies on familial breast cancer patients in the Korean population. Further studies should examine more cases and mutations of whole exons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Nam Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ran Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea.,Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
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104
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Fernandes GC, Felicio PS, Michelli RAD, Coelho AS, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Palmero EI. Differential Profile of BRCA1 vs. BRCA2 Mutated Families: A Characterization of the Main Differences and Similarities in Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1655-1660. [PMID: 31244284 PMCID: PMC7021617 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of families at-risk for hereditary breast cancer (BC) is important because affected individuals present a much higher cancer risk than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the most important factors associated with the presence of a pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation. Family history (FH), histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were compared among BC women with pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 variants; VUSs in BRCA1/BRCA2; BRCA1/BRCA2 WT and sporadic BC. The most significative differences observed concerned the molecular subtype of the tumors, age at cancer diagnosis and FH of cancer. The presence of bilateral breast cancer (BBC), number of BC cases and the presence of ovarian cancer (OC) increased (respectively) 5.797, 5.033 and 4.412 times the risk of being a BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carrier. Besides, women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations presented different tumor and FH profiles. The main characteristics associated with a BRCA1 mutation were triple negativity (OR: 17.31), BBC history (OR: 4.96) and occurrence of OC (OR: 4.32). There were no major discerning components associated with BRCA2 mutations. Thus, we conclude that tumor pathology and FH of cancer might be considered together at the time of genetic testing mainly in countries where access to genetic testing is still restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil. ,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil
| | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil. ,Department of Oncogenetics, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Brazil
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105
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Samadder NJ, Giridhar KV, Baffy N, Riegert-Johnson D, Couch FJ. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes-A Primer on Diagnosis and Management: Part 1: Breast-Ovarian Cancer Syndromes. Mayo Clin Proc 2019; 94:1084-1098. [PMID: 31171119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in both men and women in the United States, with colorectal cancer and breast cancer being two of the most frequent cancer types. Hereditary causes occurring due to pathogenic sequence variants and defects in certain genes makes up roughly 5% of all colorectal cancers and breast-ovarian cancers. High-risk hereditary predisposition syndromes have been associated with a substantially increased lifetime risk for the development of colorectal cancers and breast-ovarian cancers depending on the genetic syndrome, and many people also carry an increased risk of several other cancers compared with the general population. The aim of this review was to provide comprehensive literature on the most commonly encountered hereditary predisposition syndromes, including Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, MUTYH-associated polyposis, hamartomatous polyposis, and breast-ovarian cancer conditions. This will be presented as a 2-part series: the first part will cover the breast-ovarian cancer syndromes, and the second will focus on the inherited colorectal cancer and polyposis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jewel Samadder
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
| | | | - Noemi Baffy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Douglas Riegert-Johnson
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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106
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Al Hannan F, Keogh MB, Taha S, Al Buainain L. Characterization of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic variants in a cohort of Bahraini breast cancer patients using next-generation sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00771. [PMID: 31131559 PMCID: PMC6625152 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. About 5%–10% are due to hereditary predisposition. The contribution of BRCA1/2 mutations to familial breast cancer in Bahrain has not been explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the spectrum of BRCA1/2 genetic variants and estimate their frequencies in familial breast cancer. We also aim to test the efficiency of the next‐generation sequencing (NGS) as a powerful tool for detecting genetic variation within BRCA1/2 genes. Methods Twenty‐five unrelated female patients diagnosed with familial breast cancer were screened for BRCA1/2 variants. All targeted coding exons and exon–intron boundaries of BRCA1/2 genes were amplified with 167 pairs of primers by NGS. Results We have identified two deleterious BRCA1/2 variants in two patients, one in BRCA1 gene (c.4850C>A) and other in BRCA2 gene (c.67+2T>C). In addition to the deleterious variants, we identified 24 distinct missense variants of uncertain significance, 10 of them are seen to confer minor but cumulatively significant risk of breast cancer. Conclusion Our data suggest that BRCA1/2 variants may contribute to the pathogenesis of familial breast cancer in Bahrain. It also shows that NGS is useful tool for screening BRCA1/2 genetic variants of probands and unaffected relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Al Hannan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Michael B Keogh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Safa Taha
- Al Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine & Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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107
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Lima ZS, Ghadamzadeh M, Arashloo FT, Amjad G, Ebadi MR, Younesi L. Recent advances of therapeutic targets based on the molecular signature in breast cancer: genetic mutations and implications for current treatment paradigms. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:38. [PMID: 30975222 PMCID: PMC6460547 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women all over the world. Genetic background of women contributes to her risk of having breast cancer. Certain inherited DNA mutations can dramatically increase the risk of developing certain cancers and are responsible for many of the cancers that run in some families. Regarding the widespread multigene panels, whole exome sequencing is capable of providing the evaluation of genetic function mutations for development novel strategy in clinical trials. Targeting the mutant proteins involved in breast cancer can be an effective therapeutic approach for developing novel drugs. This systematic review discusses gene mutations linked to breast cancer, focusing on signaling pathways that are being targeted with investigational therapeutic strategies, where clinical trials could be potentially initiated in the future are being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Safarpour Lima
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghadamzadeh
- Departement of Radiology, Hasheminejad Kidney Centre (HKC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Amjad
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ebadi
- Shohadaye Haft-e-tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Younesi
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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108
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Tervasmäki A, Mantere T, Eshraghi L, Laurila N, Tuppurainen H, Ronkainen VP, Koivuluoma S, Devarajan R, Peltoketo H, Pylkäs K. Tumor suppressor MCPH1 regulates gene expression profiles related to malignant conversion and chromosomal assembly. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2070-2081. [PMID: 30809794 PMCID: PMC6767439 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Strong inherited predisposition to breast cancer is estimated to cause about 5–10% of all breast cancer cases. As the known susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, explain only a fraction of this, additional predisposing genes and related biological mechanisms are actively being searched for. We have recently identified a recurrent MCPH1 germline mutation, p.Arg304ValfsTer3, as a breast cancer susceptibility allele. MCPH1 encodes a multifunctional protein involved in maintenance of genomic integrity and it is also somatically altered in various cancer types, including breast cancer. Additionally, biallelic MCPH1 mutations are causative for microcephaly and at cellular level premature chromosome condensation. To study the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer predisposition and malignant conversion, here we have modeled the effect of MCPH1 p.Arg304ValfsTer3 mutation using gene‐edited MCF10A breast epithelial cells. As a complementary approach, we also sought for additional potential cancer driver mutations in MCPH1 p.Arg304ValfsTer3 carrier breast tumors. We show that mutated MCPH1 de‐regulates transcriptional programs related to invasion and metastasis and leads to downregulation of histone genes. These global transcriptional changes are mirrored by significantly increased migration and invasion potential of the cells as well as abnormal chromosomal condensation both before and after mitosis. These findings provide novel molecular insights to MCPH1 tumor suppressor functions and establish a role in regulation of transcriptional programs related to malignant conversion and chromosomal assembly. The MCPH1 p.Arg304ValfsTer3 carrier breast tumors showed recurrent tumor suppressor gene TP53 mutations, which were also significantly over‐represented in breast tumors with somatically inactivated MCPH1. What's new? Even though several breast cancer susceptibility genes have been identified, additional molecular mechanisms behind predisposition and the promotion of malignant conversion remain obscure. Here, the authors show that a previously‐identified breast cancer predisposing allele in tumor suppressor MCPH1 deregulates transcriptional programs related to invasion and metastasis and leads to down‐regulation of histone genes. These global transcriptional changes are mirrored by increased cell migration and invasion potential and abnormal chromosomal condensation. The findings provide novel molecular insights into MCPH1 tumor suppressor functions and establish a role in the regulation of transcriptional programs related to malignant conversion and chromosomal assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leila Eshraghi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niina Laurila
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Tuppurainen
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Veli-Pekka Ronkainen
- Biocenter Oulu, Light Microscopy Core Facility, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raman Devarajan
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hellevi Peltoketo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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109
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Tavera-Tapia A, de la Hoya M, Calvete O, Martin-Gimeno P, Fernández V, Macías JA, Alonso B, Pombo L, de Diego C, Alonso R, Pita G, Barroso A, Urioste M, Caldés T, Newman JA, Benítez J, Osorio A. RECQL5: Another DNA helicase potentially involved in hereditary breast cancer susceptibility. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:566-577. [PMID: 30817846 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is still around 50% of the familial breast cancer (BC) cases with an undefined genetic cause, here we have used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify new BC susceptibility genes. This approach has led to the identification of RECQL5, a member of RECQL-helicases family, as a new BC susceptibility candidate, which deserves further study. We have used a combination of whole exome sequencing in a family negative for mutations in BRCA1/2 throughout (BRCAX), in which we found a probably deleterious variant in RECQL5, and targeted NGS of the complete coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of the candidate gene in 699 BC Spanish BRCAX families and 665 controls. Functional characterization and in silico inference of pathogenicity were performed to evaluate the deleterious effect of detected variants. We found at least seven deleterious or likely deleterious variants among the cases and only one in controls. These results prompt us to propose RECQL5 as a gene that would be worth to analyze in larger studies to explore its possible implication in BC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Tavera-Tapia
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory (CIBERONC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Calvete
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martin-Gimeno
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Fernández
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Macías
- Hereditary Cancer Unit, Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Morales Messeguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Alonso
- Medical Oncology Service, University Hospital of Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - Luz Pombo
- Medical Oncology Section, University Hospital Complex of Albacete, Spain
| | - Carles de Diego
- Genetics Service, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosario Alonso
- Genotyping Unit, CEGEN, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Genotyping Unit, CEGEN, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Barroso
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Urioste
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory (CIBERONC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph A Newman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Oxford, UK
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Genotyping Unit, CEGEN, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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Functional Analysis of Promoter Variants in Genes Involved in Sex Steroid Action, DNA Repair and Cell Cycle Control. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030186. [PMID: 30823486 PMCID: PMC6470759 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants affecting the regulation of gene expression are among the main causes of human diversity. The potential importance of regulatory polymorphisms is underscored by results from Genome Wide Association Studies, which have already implicated such polymorphisms in the susceptibility to complex diseases such as breast cancer. In this study, we re-sequenced the promoter regions of 24 genes involved in pathways related to breast cancer including sex steroid action, DNA repair, and cell cycle control in 60 unrelated Caucasian individuals. We constructed haplotypes and assessed the functional impact of promoter variants using gene reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. We identified putative functional variants within the promoter regions of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), ESR2, forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), ubiquitin interaction motif containing 1 (UIMC1) and cell division cycle 7 (CDC7). The functional polymorphism on CDC7, rs13447455, influences CDC7 transcriptional activity in an allele-specific manner and alters DNA–protein complex formation in breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, results from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium show a marginal association between rs13447455 and breast cancer risk (p = 9.3 × 10−5), thus warranting further investigation. Furthermore, our study has helped provide methodological solutions to some technical difficulties that were encountered with gene reporter assays, particularly regarding inter-clone variability and statistical consistency.
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111
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Montalban G, Bonache S, Moles-Fernández A, Gisbert-Beamud A, Tenés A, Bach V, Carrasco E, López-Fernández A, Stjepanovic N, Balmaña J, Diez O, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S. Screening of BRCA1/2 deep intronic regions by targeted gene sequencing identifies the first germline BRCA1 variant causing pseudoexon activation in a patient with breast/ovarian cancer. J Med Genet 2019; 56:63-74. [PMID: 30472649 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 for the diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is commonly restricted to coding regions and exon-intron boundaries. Although germline pathogenic variants in these regions explain about ~20% of HBOC cases, there is still an important fraction that remains undiagnosed. We have screened BRCA1/2 deep intronic regions to identify potential spliceogenic variants that could explain part of the missing HBOC susceptibility. METHODS We analysed BRCA1/2 deep intronic regions by targeted gene sequencing in 192 high-risk HBOC families testing negative for BRCA1/2 during conventional analysis. Rare variants (MAF <0.005) predicted to create/activate splice sites were selected for further characterisation in patient RNA. The splicing outcome was analysed by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing, and allelic imbalance was also determined when heterozygous exonic loci were present. RESULTS A novel transcript was detected in BRCA1 c.4185+4105C>T variant carrier. This variant promotes the inclusion of a pseudoexon in mature mRNA, generating an aberrant transcript predicted to encode for a non-functional protein. Quantitative and allele-specific assays determined haploinsufficiency in the variant carrier, supporting a pathogenic effect for this variant. Genotyping of 1030 HBOC cases and 327 controls did not identify additional carriers in Spanish population. CONCLUSION Screening of BRCA1/2 intronic regions has identified the first BRCA1 deep intronic variant associated with HBOC by pseudoexon activation. Although the frequency of deleterious variants in these regions appears to be low, our study highlights the importance of studying non-coding regions and performing comprehensive RNA assays to complement genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Montalban
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Bonache
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Tenés
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Bach
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Carrasco
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià López-Fernández
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neda Stjepanovic
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Balmaña
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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112
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Brédart A, Kop JL, Antoniou AC, Cunningham AP, De Pauw A, Tischkowitz M, Ehrencrona H, Schmidt MK, Dolbeault S, Rhiem K, Easton DF, Devilee P, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Schmutlzer R. Clinicians' use of breast cancer risk assessment tools according to their perceived importance of breast cancer risk factors: an international survey. J Community Genet 2019; 10:61-71. [PMID: 29508368 PMCID: PMC6325038 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-018-0362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The BOADICEA breast cancer (BC) risk assessment model and its associated Web Application v3 (BWA) tool are being extended to incorporate additional genetic and non-genetic BC risk factors. From an online survey through the BOADICEA website and UK, Dutch, French and Swedish national genetic societies, we explored the relationships between the usage frequencies of the BWA and six other common BC risk assessment tools and respondents' perceived importance of BC risk factors. Respondents (N = 443) varied in age, country and clinical seniority but comprised mainly genetics health professionals (82%) and BWA users (93%). Oncology professionals perceived reproductive, hormonal (exogenous) and lifestyle BC risk factors as more important in BC risk assessment compared to genetics professionals (p values < 0.05 to 0.0001). BWA was used more frequently by respondents who gave high weight to breast tumour pathology and low weight to personal BC history as BC risk factors. BWA use was positively related to the weight given to hormonal BC risk factors. The importance attributed to lifestyle and BMI BC risk factors was not associated with the use of BWA or any of the other tools. Next version of the BWA encompassing additional BC risk factors will facilitate more comprehensive BC risk assessment in genetics and oncology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Brédart
- Institut Curie, Supportive Care Department, Psycho-Oncology Unit, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Cedex 05, Paris, France.
- University Paris Descartes, 71 avenue Edouard Vaillant, 92774, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Kop
- Université de Lorraine, 2LPN-CEMA, 23 boulevard Albert 1er-BP, 60446-54001 Cedex, Nancy, France
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Worts Causeway, CB1 8RN, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alex P Cunningham
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Worts Causeway, CB1 8RN, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antoine De Pauw
- Institut Curie, Cancer genetic clinic, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Box 238, Level 6 Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services and Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Pathology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066, CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Dolbeault
- Institut Curie, Supportive Care Department, Psycho-Oncology Unit, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Cedex 05, Paris, France
- CESP, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Centre, Cologne University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Kerpener Str. 34, I 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Worts Causeway, CB1 8RN, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, S4-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rita Schmutlzer
- Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Centre, Cologne University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Kerpener Str. 34, I 50931, Cologne, Germany
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113
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Feld SI, Woo KM, Alexandridis R, Wu Y, Liu J, Peissig P, Onitilo AA, Cox J, Page CD, Burnside ES. Improving breast cancer risk prediction by using demographic risk factors, abnormality features on mammograms and genetic variants. AMIA ... ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. AMIA SYMPOSIUM 2018; 2018:1253-1262. [PMID: 30815167 PMCID: PMC6371301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The predictive capability of combining demographic risk factors, germline genetic variants, and mammogram abnormality features for breast cancer risk prediction is poorly understood. We evaluated the predictive performance of combinations of demographic risk factors, high risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and mammography features for women recommended for breast biopsy in a retrospective case-control study (n = 768) with four logistic regression models. The AUC of the baseline demographic features model was 0.580. Both genetic variants and mammography abnormality features augmented the performance of the baseline model: demographics + SNP (AUC =0.668), demographics + mammography (AUC =0.702). Finally, we found that the demographics + SNP + mammography model (AUC = 0.753) had the greatest predictive power, with a significant performance improvement over the other models. The combination of demographic risk factors, genetic variants and imaging features improves breast cancer risk prediction over prior methods utilizing only a subset of these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shara I Feld
- University of Wisconsin Department of Radiology, Madison, WI
| | - Kaitlin M Woo
- University of Wisconsin Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Madison, WI
| | - Roxana Alexandridis
- University of Wisconsin Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Madison, WI
| | - Yirong Wu
- University of Wisconsin Department of Radiology, Madison, WI
| | - Jie Liu
- University of Washington Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Peggy Peissig
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI
| | - Adedayo A Onitilo
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI
- Marshfield Clinic Weston Center Department of Hematology/Oncology, Weston, WI
| | - Jennifer Cox
- University of Wisconsin Department of Radiology, Madison, WI
- University of Wisconsin Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Madison, WI
- University of Washington Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI
- Marshfield Clinic Weston Center Department of Hematology/Oncology, Weston, WI
| | - C David Page
- University of Wisconsin Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Madison, WI
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114
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Keogh LA, Steel E, Weideman P, Butow P, Collins IM, Emery JD, Mann GB, Bickerstaffe A, Trainer AH, Hopper LJ, Phillips KA. Consumer and clinician perspectives on personalising breast cancer prevention information. Breast 2018; 43:39-47. [PMID: 30445378 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personalised prevention of breast cancer has focused on women at very high risk, yet most breast cancers occur in women at average, or moderately increased risk (≤moderate risk). OBJECTIVES To determine; 1) interest of women at ≤ moderate risk (consumers) in personalised information about breast cancer risk; 2) familial cancer clinicians' (FCCs) perspective on managing women at ≤ moderate risk, and; 3) both consumers' and FCCs reactions to iPrevent, a personalised breast cancer risk assessment and risk management decision support tool. METHODS Seven focus groups on breast cancer risk were conducted with 49 participants; 27 consumers and 22 FCCs. Data were analysed thematically. RESULTS Consumers reported some misconceptions, low trust in primary care practitioners for breast cancer prevention advice and frustration that they often lacked tailored advice about breast cancer risk. They expressed interest in receiving personalised risk information using iPrevent. FCCs reported an inadequate workforce to advise women at ≤ moderate risk and reacted positively to the potential of iPrevent to assist. CONCLUSIONS While highlighting a potential role for iPrevent, several outstanding issues remain. For personalised prevention of breast cancer to extend beyond women at high risk, we must harness women's interest in receiving tailored information about breast cancer prevention and identify a workforce willing to advise women.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Keogh
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - E Steel
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Weideman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Butow
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-Making (CeMPED) and the Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group (PoCoG), The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - I M Collins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The Greater Green Triangle Clinical School, Deakin University School of Medicine, Warrnambool, Australia
| | - J D Emery
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G B Mann
- The Breast Service, Royal Melbourne and Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Bickerstaffe
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - A H Trainer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L J Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - K A Phillips
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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115
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Crispin M, Udovicich C, Chan S, Wong S, Pitcher M. Trends in genetic screening referral in breast cancer patients under the age of forty: 2001-2016. Breast J 2018; 24:1109-1111. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Udovicich
- Western Health; Footscray Victoria Australia
- Radiation oncology; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Melbourne Australia
| | - Steven Chan
- Western Health; Footscray Victoria Australia
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116
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Caleca L, Catucci I, Figlioli G, De Cecco L, Pesaran T, Ward M, Volorio S, Falanga A, Marchetti M, Iascone M, Tondini C, Zambelli A, Azzollini J, Manoukian S, Radice P, Peterlongo P. Two Missense Variants Detected in Breast Cancer Probands Preventing BRCA2-PALB2 Protein Interaction. Front Oncol 2018; 8:480. [PMID: 30410870 PMCID: PMC6210650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2) was initially identified as a binding partner of BRCA2. It interacts also with BRCA1 forming a complex promoting DNA repair by homologous recombination. Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 DNA repair genes are associated with high risk of developing breast cancer. Mutation screening in these breast cancer predisposition genes is routinely performed and allows the identification of individuals who carry pathogenic variants and are at risk of developing the disease. However, variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) are often detected and establishing their pathogenicity and clinical relevance remains a central challenge for the risk assessment of the carriers and the clinical decision-making process. Many of these VUSs are missense variants leading to single amino acid substitutions, whose impact on protein function is uncertain. Typically, VUSs are rare and due to the limited genetic, clinical, and pathological data the multifactorial approaches used for classification cannot be applied. Thus, these variants can only be characterized through functional analyses comparing their effect with that of normal and mutant gene products used as positive and negative controls. The two missense variants BRCA2:c.91T >G (p.Trp31Gly) and PALB2:c.3262C >T (p.Pro1088Ser) were detected in two breast cancer probands originally ascertained at Breast Cancer Units of Institutes located in Milan and Bergamo (Northern Italy), respectively. These variants were located in the BRCA2-PALB2 interacting domains, were predicted to be deleterious by in silico analyses, and were very rare and clinically not classified. Therefore, we initiate to study their functional effect by exploiting a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-reassembly in vitro assay specifically designed to test the BRCA2-PALB2 interaction. This functional assay proved to be easy to develop, robust and reliable. It also allows testing variants located in different genes. Results from these functional analyses showed that the BRCA2:p.Trp31Gly and the PALB2:p.Pro1088Ser prevented the BRCA2-PALB2 binding. While caution is warranted when the interpretation of the clinical significance of rare VUSs is based on functional studies only, our data provide initial evidences in favor of the possibility that these variants are pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Caleca
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Catucci
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gisella Figlioli
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tina Pesaran
- Ambry Genetics, Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Aliso Viejo, CA, United States
| | - Maggie Ward
- Cancer Outreach and Risk Assessment, Via Christi Hospitals, Wichita, KS, United States
| | - Sara Volorio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,Cogentech Cancer Genetics Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Falanga
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Maria Iascone
- USSD Laboratorio Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlo Tondini
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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117
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Simhadri S, Vincelli G, Huo Y, Misenko S, Foo TK, Ahlskog J, Sørensen CS, Oakley GG, Ganesan S, Bunting SF, Xia B. PALB2 connects BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the G2/M checkpoint response. Oncogene 2018; 38:1585-1596. [PMID: 30337689 PMCID: PMC6408219 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The G2/M checkpoint inhibits mitotic entry upon DNA damage thereby preventing segregation of broken chromosomes and preserving genome stability. The tumor suppressor proteins BRCA1, PALB2 and BRCA2 constitute a BRCA1-PALB2-BRCA2 axis that is essential for homologous recombination (HR)-based DNA double strand break repair. Besides HR, BRCA1 has been implicated in both the initial activation and the maintenance of the G2/M checkpoint, while BRCA2 and PALB2 have been shown to be critical for its maintenance. Here we show that all 3 proteins can play a significant role in both checkpoint activation and checkpoint maintenance, depending on cell type and context, and that PALB2 links BRCA1 and BRCA2 in checkpoint response. The BRCA1-PALB2 interaction can be important for checkpoint activation, whereas the PALB2-BRCA2 complex formation appears to be more critical for checkpoint maintenance. Interestingly, the function of PALB2 in checkpoint response appears to be independent of CHK1 and CHK2 phosphorylation. Following ionizing radiation, cells with disengaged BRCA1-PALB2 interaction show greatly increased chromosomal abnormalities due apparently to combined defects in HR and checkpoint control. These findings provide new insights into DNA damage checkpoint control and further underscore the critical importance of the proper cooperation of the BRCA and PALB2 proteins in genome maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilatha Simhadri
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Gabriele Vincelli
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Yanying Huo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Sarah Misenko
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Tzeh Keong Foo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Johanna Ahlskog
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus S Sørensen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregory G Oakley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Samuel F Bunting
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Bing Xia
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
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118
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Lee JY, Kim J, Kim SW, Park SK, Ahn SH, Lee MH, Suh YJ, Noh DY, Son BH, Cho YU, Lee SB, Lee JW, Hopper JL, Sung J. BRCA1/2-negative, high-risk breast cancers (BRCAX) for Asian women: genetic susceptibility loci and their potential impacts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15263. [PMID: 30323354 PMCID: PMC6189145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
"BRCAX" refers breast cancers occurring in women with a family history predictive of being a BRCA1/2 mutation carrier, but BRCA1/2 genetic screening has failed to find causal mutations. In this study, we report the findings of the genetic architecture of BRCAX with novel and redefined candidate loci and their potential impacts on preventive strategy. We performed a genome-wide association study involving 1,469 BRCAX cases from the Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer study, and high-risk breast cancer cases (1,482 Asians and 9,902 Europeans) from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. We also evaluated the previously reported susceptibility loci for their roles in the high-risk breast cancers. We have identified three novel loci (PDE7B, UBL3, and a new independent marker in CDKN2B-AS1) associated with BRCAX, and replicated previously reported SNPs (24 of 92) and moderate/high-penetrance (seven of 23) genes for Korean BRCAX. For the novel candidate loci, evidence supported their roles in regulatory function. We estimated that the common low-penetrance loci might explain a substantial part of high-risk breast cancer (39.4% for Koreans and 24.0% for Europeans). Our study findings suggest that common genetic markers with lower penetrance constitute a part of susceptibility to high-risk breast cancers, with potential implications for a more comprehensive genetic screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Suh
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Up Cho
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Byul Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - John L Hopper
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Joohon Sung
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health & Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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119
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Liposits G, Loh KP, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Dumas L, Battisti NML, Kadambi S, Baldini C, Banerjee S, Lichtman SM. PARP inhibitors in older patients with ovarian and breast cancer: Young International Society of Geriatric Oncology review paper. J Geriatr Oncol 2018; 10:337-345. [PMID: 30333088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast and ovarian cancer are common malignancies among older adults, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Although most cases of breast and ovarian cancer are sporadic, a significant proportion is caused by mutations in cancer susceptibility genes, most often breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA) 1 and 2. Furthermore, some breast and ovarian tumors are phenotypically similar to those with BRCA mutations, a phenomenon known as "BRCAness". BRCA mutations and "BRCAness" lead to defects in DNA repair, which may be a target for therapeutic agents such as Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. PARP inhibitors are novel medications which lead to double-strand breaks resulting in cell death due to synthetic lethality, and which have been shown to be effective in patients with advanced breast and ovarian cancers with or without BRCA mutations. Three different PARP inhibitors (olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib) have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer and one (olaparib) for breast cancer harboring BRCA mutations. Here, we review the currently available evidence regarding the use of PARP inhibitors for the treatment of patients with breast and ovarian cancer, with a particular focus on the inclusion of older adults in clinical trials of these therapies. Additionally, we provide an overview of currently ongoing studies of PARP inhibitors in breast and ovarian cancer, and include recommendations for increasing the evidence-base for using these medications among older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Liposits
- Department of Oncology, Region Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, Herning, 7400, Denmark.
| | - Kah Poh Loh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis
- Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Lucy Dumas
- Gynaecology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Sindhuja Kadambi
- Division of Geriatrics/Aging, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Capucine Baldini
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.
| | - Susana Banerjee
- Gynaecology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Sutton, United Kingdom.
| | - Stuart M Lichtman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA.
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120
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Doren A, Vecchiola A, Aguirre B, Villaseca P. Gynecological–endocrinological aspects in women carriers of BRCA1/2 gene mutations. Climacteric 2018; 21:529-535. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1514006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Doren
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - A. Vecchiola
- Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Millenium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B. Aguirre
- Breast Imaging, Radiology Service, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - P. Villaseca
- Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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121
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Robert M, Patsouris A, Frenel JS, Gourmelon C, Augereau P, Campone M. Emerging PARP inhibitors for treating breast cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2018; 23:211-221. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2018.1527900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Robert
- René Gauducheau, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, St Herblain, France
| | - Anne Patsouris
- Paul Papin, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Angers, France
| | | | - Carole Gourmelon
- René Gauducheau, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, St Herblain, France
| | - Paule Augereau
- Paul Papin, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Mario Campone
- René Gauducheau, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, St Herblain, France
- Medical oncology, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRNA), Saint-Herblain, France
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Dossa F, Cusimano MC, Sutradhar R, Metcalfe K, Little T, Lerner-Ellis J, Eisen A, Meschino WS, Baxter NN. Real-world health services utilisation and outcomes after BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing in Ontario, Canada: the What Comes Next Cohort Study protocol. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e025317. [PMID: 30181190 PMCID: PMC6129086 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women who have pathogenic mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are at greatly increased risks for breast and ovarian cancers. Although risk-reduction strategies can be undertaken by these women, knowledge regarding the uptake of these strategies is limited. Additionally, the healthcare behaviours of women who receive inconclusive test results are not known. This study protocol describes the creation of a retrospective cohort of women who have undergone genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2, linking genetic test results with administrative data to quantify the uptake of risk-reduction strategies and to assess long-term cancer and non-cancer outcomes after genetic testing. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Approximately two-thirds of BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing in Ontario, Canada is performed at North York General Hospital (NYGH) and Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH), Toronto. We will use registries at these sites to assemble a cohort of approximately 17 000 adult women who underwent BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing from January 2007 to April 2016. Trained chart abstractors will obtain detailed information for all women tested over this period, including demographics, personal and family cancer histories and genetic test results. We will link these data to provincial administrative databases, enabling assessment of healthcare utilisation and long-term outcomes after testing. Study outcomes will include the uptake of breast cancer screening and prophylactic breast and ovarian surgery, cancer incidence and mortality and incidence of non-cancer health outcomes, including cardiovascular, osteoporotic and neurodegenerative disease. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Boards at NYGH (no 16-0035), MSH (no 13-0124) and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (no 275-2016). We plan to disseminate research findings through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Dossa
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria C Cusimano
- Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rinku Sutradhar
- Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly Metcalfe
- Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tari Little
- Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wendy S Meschino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li J, Lu L, Zhang YH, Liu M, Chen L, Huang T, Cai YD. Identification of synthetic lethality based on a functional network by using machine learning algorithms. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:405-416. [PMID: 30125975 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic lethality is the synthesis of mutations leading to cell death. Tumor-specific synthetic lethality has been targeted in research to improve cancer therapy. With the advances of techniques in molecular biology, such as RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, efforts have been made to systematically identify synthetic lethal interactions, especially for frequently mutated genes in cancers. However, elucidating the mechanism of synthetic lethality remains a challenge because of the complexity of its influencing conditions. In this study, we proposed a new computational method to identify critical functional features that can accurately predict synthetic lethal interactions. This method incorporates several machine learning algorithms and encodes protein-coding genes by an enrichment system derived from gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways to represent their functional features. We built a random forest-based prediction engine by using 2120 selected features and obtained a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.532. We examined the top 15 features and found that most of them have potential roles in synthetic lethality according to previous studies. These results demonstrate the ability of our proposed method to predict synthetic lethal interactions and provide a basis for further characterization of these particular genetic combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaRui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Tea MKM, Tan YY, Staudigl C, Eibl B, Renz R, Asseryanis E, Berger A, Pfeiler G, Singer CF. Improving comprehension of genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer clients with a visual tool. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200559. [PMID: 30001421 PMCID: PMC6042777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Genetic counseling and testing can be offered to individuals who are at high risk of carrying a breast cancer (BRCA) gene mutation. However, the content of genetic counseling could be difficult to understand due to complex medical information. The aim of this study was to investigate if comprehension can be improved with a new genetic counseling tool (NGCT hereafter; a tool that combines complex medical information with pictures, diagrams and tables) as compared to conventional oral-only genetic counseling (CGC). Methods 207 clients attended genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer at the Medical University of Vienna between February 2015 and February 2016. Seventy clients participated in this study and were allocated into two groups: the first 36 participants received conventional (oral only) genetic counseling (CGC) and the following 34 participants received genetic counseling using a new genetic counseling tool (NGCT), which combines complex information with pictures, diagrams and tables. After genetic counseling, all consenting participants were invited to complete a questionnaire with seven questions evaluating their comprehension of the medical information provided. Results Socio-demographic backgrounds were comparable in both groups. Correct responses were significantly higher in the NGCT group compared to the CGC group (p = 0.012). NGCT also statistically improves correct response of Q1 (p = 0.03) and Q7 (p = 0.004). Conclusion The NGCT leads to an overall better understanding of the content of a genetic counseling session than CGC alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muy-Kheng M. Tea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Yen Y. Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Staudigl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the Sisters of Charity Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Birgit Eibl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Renz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ella Asseryanis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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125
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Transmission of breast cancer polygenic risk based on single nucleotide polymorphisms. Breast 2018; 41:14-18. [PMID: 29933179 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The goal of the present study was to further refine how polygenic risk scores may be used in a large population and to quantify the transmission of risk score through generations. METHODS Allele frequencies from the 1000 Genomes data for 159 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with breast cancer risk were used. A breast cancer risk score was calculated among 100,000 people. Choosing two "parents" and the alleles they transmit at random, 100,000 "daughters" were simulated. The population was divided by deciles of risk score. Comparing mean risk score in the mother and daughter populations provided information regarding the general relationship at a population level. By examining the distribution of daughter's risk score within each decile of maternal risk score, the transmission was evaluated at the subject level. RESULTS Mean values of risk score were 85.1 (St Dev = 7.5) and 85.0 (St Dev = 7.5) for the populations of mothers and daughters, respectively (mean absolute difference = 0.02, p = 0.48). When examining the transmission of risk score from mothers to daughters in specific deciles of risk, statistically significant differences were observed in all deciles (ranged between 0.001 and < 2.2 × 10-16). CONCLUSION The relationship at the subject level will not provide information regarding prevention and screening of offspring based on the knowledge of parents' risk score alone. The present results show that risk estimation by polygenic risk scores is personal, and evaluation of risk score is required for each individual.
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Godone RLN, Leitão GM, Araújo NB, Castelletti CHM, Lima-Filho JL, Martins DBG. Clinical and molecular aspects of breast cancer: Targets and therapies. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:14-34. [PMID: 29945114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer is a complex disease characterized by the occurrence of multiple molecular alterations. Currently, some molecular markers are in use for breast cancer diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. Thus, genetic signatures are available for improving the decision-making. The biomarkers are also essential as therapeutic approaches, but many questions remain due to the lack of efficacy on breast cancer treatment, mainly for triple-negative breast cancer subtype. Since the genetic profile of breast cancer can also be related to different ethnic groups and geographic areas, the reference populations of the genetic assays and clinical trials need to include a broader population beyond the European and North American patients. In this review, we analyzed the current and potential molecular markers that could help to improve the strategies for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L N Godone
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil
| | - G M Leitão
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil; Clinical Hospital of Pernambuco - Professor Romero Marques, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil
| | - N B Araújo
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil
| | - C H M Castelletti
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil; Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - J L Lima-Filho
- Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil
| | - D B G Martins
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group, Laboratory Keizo Asami of Immunopathology (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil.
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127
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Duma N, Gast KC, Choong GM, Leon-Ferre RA, O'Sullivan CC. Where Do We Stand on the Integration of PARP Inhibitors for the Treatment of Breast Cancer? Curr Oncol Rep 2018; 20:63. [PMID: 29884921 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-018-0709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of the clinical development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) in breast cancer to date and to review existing challenges and future research directions. RECENT FINDINGS We summarize the clinical development of PARPi in breast cancer from bench to bedside, and discuss the results of recent phase 3 trials in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and germline mutations in BRCA1/2 (gBRCAm). We will also provide an update regarding mechanisms of action and resistance to PARPi, and review clinical trials of PARPi as monotherapy or in combination regimens. PARPi are a novel treatment approach in persons with gBRCA1/2m-associated MBC. Going forward, the clinical applicability of these compounds outside the gBRCAm setting will be studied in greater detail. The identification of accurate predictive biomarkers of response is a research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjust Duma
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kelly C Gast
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Grace M Choong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Felicio PS, Bidinotto LT, Melendez ME, Grasel RS, Campacci N, Galvão HCR, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Dufloth RM, Evangelista AF, Palmero EI. Genetic alterations detected by comparative genomic hybridization in BRCAX breast and ovarian cancers of Brazilian population. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27525-27534. [PMID: 29938003 PMCID: PMC6007956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 5–10% of breast/ovarian cancers are hereditary. However, for a large proportion of cases (around 50%), the genetic cause remains unknown. These cases are grouped in a separated BRCAX category. The aim of this study was to identify genomic alterations in BRCA1/BRCA2 wild-type tumor samples from women with family history strongly suggestive of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. Results A cohort of 31 Brazilian women was included in the study. Using the GISTIC algorithm, we identified 20 regions with genomic gains and 31 with losses. The most frequent altered regions were 1q21.2, 6p22.1 and 8p23.3 in breast tumors and Xq26 and Xp22.32-22.31 among the ovarian cancer cases. An interesting association identified was the loss of 22q13.31-13.32 and the presence of ovarian cancer cases. Among the genes present in the frequently altered regions, we found FGFR1, NSMCE2, CTTN, CRLF2, ERBB2, STARD3, MIR3201 and several genes of RAET and ULBP family. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that alterations on chromosomes 1, 6, 8 and X are common on BRCAX tumors and that the loss on 22q can be associated with the presence of ovarian cancer. Methods DNA copy number alterations were analyzed by 60K array comparative genomic hybridization in breast and ovarian FFPE tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Silva Felicio
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tadeu Bidinotto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia Campacci
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
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Barber E, Lyou Y, Mehta R, Lin E, Lane K, Parajuli R. Orbital Metastases from Breast Cancer with BRCA2 Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Oncol 2018; 11:360-364. [PMID: 29983698 PMCID: PMC6031950 DOI: 10.1159/000489698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the United States. Of these women, 5–10% have an inherited form of breast cancer with a mutation in a major gene, such as the breast cancer susceptibility genes 1 or 2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2). Triple negative (the most common subtype of BRCA1-associated breast cancers) and Her2-positive breast cancer patients have more frequently been observed to develop central nervous system (CNS) metastases compared to other molecular subtypes of breast cancers. However, it remains an open question if BRCA2-associated breast cancers also have a higher propensity to develop CNS metastases. Here we report a rare case of recurrent BRCA2-associated breast cancer which manifested as orbital metastases. At the time of this publication, this is one of the first cases of BRCA2-associated breast cancer to present with orbital metastases. In this article, we discuss the diagnostic challenges and review the literature regarding this rare presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Barber
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Yung Lyou
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Rita Mehta
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Erin Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Karen Lane
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
| | - Ritesh Parajuli
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
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130
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BRCA1/2 testing: therapeutic implications for breast cancer management. Br J Cancer 2018; 119:141-152. [PMID: 29867226 PMCID: PMC6048046 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Testing for germline BRCA1/2 mutations has an established predictive role in breast cancer risk assessment. More recently, studies have also identified BRCA1/2 status as clinically relevant in the selection of therapy for patients already diagnosed with breast cancer. Emerging breast and ovarian cancer research indicate that BRCA status predicts responsiveness to platinum-based chemotherapy, as well as to inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), owing to the ability of these interventions to inhibit DNA repair pathways. BRCA1/2 mutation testing thus has important and expanding roles in treatment planning for subsets of patients with breast cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated different activity of platinum salts in BRCA-mutated compared with non-BRCA-mutated breast cancer. Furthermore, phase II/III studies of single-agent PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have shown encouraging progression-free survival results in patients with BRCA1/2-mutated breast cancer, which led to the recent approval of olaparib, the first PARPi to be approved in breast cancer. Determining BRCA1/2 mutation status in this breast cancer subgroup could potentially expand treatment options beyond the current standard of taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Although attempts have been made to develop scoring systems that measure defects in homologous recombination repair pathways to predict response to platinum or PARPi, none have yet made it into clinical use. In this review, we summarise the recent and ongoing preclinical and clinical studies on the treatment of BRCA-associated breast cancer, and discuss efforts to identify other breast cancer patients who may be responsive to therapies effective in BRCA mutation carriers, including platinum-containing chemotherapy and PARPi.
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131
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Feng Y, Spezia M, Huang S, Yuan C, Zeng Z, Zhang L, Ji X, Liu W, Huang B, Luo W, Liu B, Lei Y, Du S, Vuppalapati A, Luu HH, Haydon RC, He TC, Ren G. Breast cancer development and progression: Risk factors, cancer stem cells, signaling pathways, genomics, and molecular pathogenesis. Genes Dis 2018; 5:77-106. [PMID: 30258937 PMCID: PMC6147049 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most commonly occurring cancer in women worldwide, breast cancer poses a formidable public health challenge on a global scale. Breast cancer consists of a group of biologically and molecularly heterogeneous diseases originated from the breast. While the risk factors associated with this cancer varies with respect to other cancers, genetic predisposition, most notably mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, is an important causative factor for this malignancy. Breast cancers can begin in different areas of the breast, such as the ducts, the lobules, or the tissue in between. Within the large group of diverse breast carcinomas, there are various denoted types of breast cancer based on their invasiveness relative to the primary tumor sites. It is important to distinguish between the various subtypes because they have different prognoses and treatment implications. As there are remarkable parallels between normal development and breast cancer progression at the molecular level, it has been postulated that breast cancer may be derived from mammary cancer stem cells. Normal breast development and mammary stem cells are regulated by several signaling pathways, such as estrogen receptors (ERs), HER2, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, which control stem cell proliferation, cell death, cell differentiation, and cell motility. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic regulations and noncoding RNAs may play important roles in breast cancer development and may contribute to the heterogeneity and metastatic aspects of breast cancer, especially for triple-negative breast cancer. This review provides a comprehensive survey of the molecular, cellular and genetic aspects of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mia Spezia
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Three Gorges University School of Medicine, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ji
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bo Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yan Lei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Scott Du
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Student Inquiry Research Program, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy (IMSA), Aurora, IL 60506, USA
| | - Akhila Vuppalapati
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Student Inquiry Research Program, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy (IMSA), Aurora, IL 60506, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, Departments of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burn, and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Barcenas CH, Shafaee MN, Sinha AK, Raghavendra A, Saigal B, Murthy RK, Woodson AH, Arun B. Genetic Counseling Referral Rates in Long-Term Survivors of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018; 16:518-524. [PMID: 29752326 PMCID: PMC5978679 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inherited BRCA gene mutations (pathogenic variants) cause 10% of breast cancers. BRCA pathogenic variants predispose carriers to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); around 30% of patients with TNBC carry BRCA pathogenic variants. The 2018 NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast and Ovarian recommend genetic counseling referrals for patients with TNBC diagnosed at age ≤60 years. This study sought to describe genetic counseling referral patterns among long-term TNBC survivors at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Methods: This single-institution retrospective analysis of female long-term (disease-free for ≥5 years) TNBC survivors sought to determine the rate of genetic counseling referral among patients diagnosed at age ≤60 years between 1992 and 2008. Patients who underwent treatment and surveillance visits at our institution and were followed until 2017 were included. We collected BRCA pathogenic variant status among tested patients. Descriptive statistical methods and a univariate analysis were used to identify patient characteristics associated with genetic counseling referral. Results: We identified 646 female long-term TNBC survivors with a median age at diagnosis of 47 years. Of these, 245 (38%) received a recommendation for a genetic counseling referral. Among those referred, 156 (64%) underwent genetic testing, and 35% of those tested had BRCA pathogenic variants. Interestingly, among those referred, 20% declined genetic testing. The rate of genetic referrals improved over time, from 25% among TNBC survivors whose last surveillance visit was between 2011 and 2013 to 100% among those whose last surveillance visit was between 2014 or later. Younger age and premenopausal status at diagnosis and a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were associated with an increased rate of referral for genetic counseling. Conclusions: Among long-term TNBC survivors, the rate of referral to genetic counseling increased over time, and among those tested, 35% carried a BRCA pathogenic variant. Survivorship care provides an excellent opportunity to refer eligible patients for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H. Barcenas
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maryam N. Shafaee
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Arup K. Sinha
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Akshara Raghavendra
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Babita Saigal
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rashmi K. Murthy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ashley H. Woodson
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Banu Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Podralska M, Ziółkowska-Suchanek I, Żurawek M, Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk A, Słomski R, Nowak J, Stembalska A, Pesz K, Mosor M. Genetic variants in ATM, H2AFX and MRE11 genes and susceptibility to breast cancer in the polish population. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:452. [PMID: 29678143 PMCID: PMC5910560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage repair is a complex process, which can trigger the development of cancer if disturbed. In this study, we hypothesize a role of variants in the ATM, H2AFX and MRE11 genes in determining breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Methods We examined the whole sequence of the ATM kinase domain and estimated the frequency of founder mutations in the ATM gene (c.5932G > T, c.6095G > A, and c.7630-2A > C) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in H2AFX (rs643788, rs8551, rs7759, and rs2509049) and MRE11 (rs1061956 and rs2155209) among 315 breast cancer patients and 515 controls. The analysis was performed using high-resolution melting for new variants and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for recurrent ATM mutations. H2AFX and MRE11 polymorphisms were analyzed using TaqMan assays. The cumulative genetic risk scores (CGRS) were calculated using unweighted and weighted approaches. Results We identified four mutations (c.6067G > A, c.8314G > A, c.8187A > T, and c.6095G > A) in the ATM gene in three BC cases and two control subjects. We observed a statistically significant association of H2AFX variants with BC. Risk alleles (the G of rs7759 and the T of rs8551 and rs2509049) were observed more frequently in BC cases compared to the control group, with P values, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 0.0018, 1.47 (1.19 to 1.82); 0.018, 1.33 (1.09 to 1.64); and 0.024, 1.3 (1.06 to 1.59), respectively. Haplotype-based tests identified a significant association of the H2AFX CACT haplotype with BC (P < 0.0001, OR = 27.29, 95% CI 3.56 to 209.5). The risk of BC increased with the growing number of risk alleles. The OR (95% CI) for carriers of ≥ four risk alleles was 1.71 (1.11 to 2.62) for the CGRS. Conclusions This study confirms that H2AFX variants are associated with an increased risk of BC. The above-reported sequence variants of MRE11 genes may not constitute a risk factor of breast cancer in the Polish population. The contribution of mutations detected in the ATM gene to the development of breast cancer needs further detailed study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Podralska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | - Magdalena Żurawek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,University of Life Sciences of Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jerzy Nowak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Karolina Pesz
- Department of Genetics, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Mosor
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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134
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Katapodi MC, Jung M, Schafenacker AM, Milliron KJ, Mendelsohn-Victor KE, Merajver SD, Northouse LL. Development of a Web-based Family Intervention for BRCA Carriers and Their Biological Relatives: Acceptability, Feasibility, and Usability Study. JMIR Cancer 2018; 4:e7. [PMID: 29653920 PMCID: PMC5924376 DOI: 10.2196/cancer.9210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carriers of breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations are asked to communicate genetic test results to their biological relatives to increase awareness of cancer risk and promote use of genetic services. This process is highly variable from family to family. Interventions that support communication of genetic test results, coping, and offer decision support in families harboring a pathogenic variant may contribute to effective management of hereditary cancer. Objective The aim of this paper was to describe the development of the Family Gene Toolkit, a Web-based intervention targeting BRCA carriers and untested blood relatives, designed to enhance coping, family communication, and decision making. Methods We present findings from focus groups regarding intervention acceptability and participant satisfaction and from a pre-post pilot study with random allocation to a wait-listed control group regarding intervention feasibility and usability. Results The Family Gene Toolkit was developed by a multidisciplinary team as a psycho-educational and skills-building intervention. It includes two live webinar sessions and a follow-up phone call guided by a certified genetic counselor and a master’s prepared oncology nurse. Each live webinar includes two modules (total four modules) presenting information about BRCA mutations, a decision aid for genetic testing, and two skill-building modules for effective coping and family communication. Participants in focus groups (n=11) were highly satisfied with the intervention, reporting it to be useful and describing clearly the important issues. From the 12 dyads recruited in the pre-post pilot study (response rate 12/52, 23%), completion rate was 71% (10/14) for intervention and 40% (4/10) for wait-listed control groups. Conclusions Acceptability and satisfaction with the Family Gene Toolkit is high. On the basis of the findings from usability and feasibility testing, modifications on timing, delivery mode, and recruitment methods have been implemented. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02154633; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02154633 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6yYNvLPjv)
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Katapodi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Miyeon Jung
- School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Kara J Milliron
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Sofia D Merajver
- Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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135
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Chan MQ, Blum AE, Chandar AK, Emmons AMLK, Shindo Y, Brock W, Falk GW, Canto MI, Wang JS, Iyer PG, Shaheen NJ, Grady WM, Abrams JA, Thota PN, Guda KK, Chak A. Association of sporadic and familial Barrett's esophagus with breast cancer. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:doy007. [PMID: 29528378 PMCID: PMC6005759 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Based on striking aggregation of breast cancer and BE/EAC within families as well as shared risk factors and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, we hypothesized that BE may be associated with breast cancer. Pedigree analysis of families identified prospectively at multiple academic centers as part of the Familial Barrett's Esophagus Consortium (FBEC) was reviewed and families with aggregation of BE/EAC and breast cancer are reported. Additionally, using a matched case-control study design, we compared newly diagnosed BE cases in Caucasian females with breast cancer (cases) to Caucasian females without breast cancer (controls) who had undergone upper endoscopy (EGD). Two familial pedigrees, meeting a stringent inclusion criterion, manifested familial aggregation of BE/EAC and breast cancer in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance. From January 2008 to October 2016, 2812 breast cancer patient charts were identified, of which 213 were Caucasian females who underwent EGD. Six of 213 (2.82%) patients with breast cancer had pathology-confirmed BE, compared to 1 of 241 (0.41%) controls (P-value < 0.05). Selected families with BE/EAC show segregation of breast cancer. A breast cancer diagnosis is marginally associated with BE. We postulate a common susceptibility between BE/EAC and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Chan
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A E Blum
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A K Chandar
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Y Shindo
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W Brock
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - G W Falk
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M I Canto
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J S Wang
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - P G Iyer
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - N J Shaheen
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - W M Grady
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - J A Abrams
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - P N Thota
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - K K Guda
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A Chak
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Address correspondence to: Amitabh Chak, Professor of Medicine, Director,
Clinical Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Wearn 242, University Hospitals Cleveland
Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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136
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Felicio PS, Melendez ME, Arantes LMRB, Kerr LM, Carraro DM, Grasel RS, Campacci N, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Fernandes GC, de Carvalho AC, Palmero EI. Genetic and epigenetic characterization of the BRCA1 gene in Brazilian women at-risk for hereditary breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2850-2862. [PMID: 27926510 PMCID: PMC5356847 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize women at-risk for hereditary BC regarding their clinical and molecular characteristics (mutation and methylation in the BRCA1 gene) and correlate the gene expression levels with histopathological, clinical and family history information. BRCA1 real time qPCR was performed to evaluate methylation status and gene expression. The study included 88 women grouped according to the BRCA1 mutational status: 23 BRCA1 mutated, 22 with a Variant of Unknown Significance (VUS) in BRCA1 and 43 BRCA1 WT. Most BRCA1 mutated tumors were triple negative (69.6%) and had histologic grade III (61.0%). Patients with VUS/WT BRCA1 were predominantly of luminal B subtype with histological grades I and II. Regarding the methylation profile, BRCA1 hypermethylation was observed in only two patients (both WT) and none had association with pathogenic BRCA1 mutation. In one patient methylation was present in both, tumor and normal tissues. Hypermethylated tumors had ductal histology, negativity for ER and occurred in < 50 years patients. Gene expression profile showed in all groups lower BRCA1 mRNA levels in tumor tissue compared to the adjacent breast tissue, thereby indicating the loss/decrease of gene function. No association was found between the levels of BRCA1 gene expression and family history of cancer. In summary, our findings suggested that methylation at the BRCA1 gene is not the “second” event in the development of BC in patients with germline mutations in BRCA1 and, although rare, BRCA1 epimutations can constitute an explanation for a fraction of HBOC families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Silva Felicio
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ligia Maria Kerr
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- International Research Center, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Campacci
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
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137
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Blouin-Bougie J, Amara N, Bouchard K, Simard J, Dorval M. Disentangling the determinants of interest and willingness-to-pay for breast cancer susceptibility testing in the general population: a cross-sectional Web-based survey among women of Québec (Canada). BMJ Open 2018; 8:e016662. [PMID: 29487071 PMCID: PMC5855474 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify common and specific individual factors that favour or impede women's interest in and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for breast cancer susceptibility testing (BCST) and to identify the most impactful factors on both outcome measures. DESIGN AND METHODS This study used a self-administered cross-sectional Web-based questionnaire that included hypothetical scenarios about the availability of a new genetic test for breast cancer. PARTICIPANTS French-speaking women of the general population of Québec (Canada), aged between 35 and 69 years, were identified from a Web-based panel (2410 met the selection criteria, 1160 were reached and 1031 completed the survey). MEASURES The outcomes are the level of interest in and the range of WTP for BCST. Three categories of individual factors identified in the literature were used as potential explanatory factors, that is, demographic, clinical and psychosocial. RESULTS Descriptive statistics indicated that the vast majority of sampled women are interested in BCST (90%). Among those, more than half of them are willing-to-pay for such a test (57%). The regression models pointed out several factors associated with both outcomes (eg, age, income, family history, locus of control-powerful others) and marginal effects were used to highlight the most impactful factors for each outcome. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide a proxy of the readiness of women of the general population to use and to pay for BCST. They also offer insights for developing inclusive and specific strategies to foster informed decision-making and guide the services offered by health organisations corresponding to women's preferences and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nabil Amara
- Department of Management, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Bouchard
- Centre des maladies du sein Deschênes-Fabia, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Simard
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Dorval
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada
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138
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Patient-Centered Care in Breast Cancer Genetic Clinics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020319. [PMID: 29439543 PMCID: PMC5858388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With advances in breast cancer (BC) gene panel testing, risk counseling has become increasingly complex, potentially leading to unmet psychosocial needs. We assessed psychosocial needs and correlates in women initiating testing for high genetic BC risk in clinics in France and Germany, and compared these results with data from a literature review. Among the 442 counselees consecutively approached, 212 (83%) in France and 180 (97%) in Germany, mostly BC patients (81% and 92%, respectively), returned the ‘Psychosocial Assessment in Hereditary Cancer’ questionnaire. Based on the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA) BC risk estimation model, the mean BC lifetime risk estimates were 19% and 18% in France and Germany, respectively. In both countries, the most prevalent needs clustered around the “living with cancer” and “children-related issues” domains. In multivariate analyses, a higher number of psychosocial needs were significantly associated with younger age (b = −0.05), higher anxiety (b = 0.78), and having children (b = 1.51), but not with country, educational level, marital status, depression, or loss of a family member due to hereditary cancer. These results are in line with the literature review data. However, this review identified only seven studies that quantitatively addressed psychosocial needs in the BC genetic counseling setting. Current data lack understandings of how cancer risk counseling affects psychosocial needs, and improves patient-centered care in that setting.
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139
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Tervasmäki A, Mantere T, Hartikainen JM, Kauppila S, Lee HM, Koivuluoma S, Grip M, Karihtala P, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Mannermaa A, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K. Rare missense mutations in RECQL and POLG associate with inherited predisposition to breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2286-2292. [PMID: 29341116 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several known breast cancer susceptibility genes with moderate-to-high risk alleles encode proteins involved in DNA damage response (DDR). As these explain less than half of the hereditary breast cancer cases, additional predisposing alleles are likely to be discovered. Many of the previous studies utilizing massive parallel sequencing have focused on the protein-truncating variants, and the role of rare missense mutations has remained poorly addressed. To identify novel susceptibility factors, we have systematically analyzed the data from our parallel sequencing of 796 DDR genes in 189 Northern Finnish hereditary breast cancer patients for rare missense variants, predicted as deleterious. Thirty-five variants were studied here for the disease association using Finnish breast cancer case (n = 492-2,035) and control (n = 277-1,539) cohorts. As a result, two missense variants in genes involved in DNA replication, RECQL p.I156M and POLG p.L392V, the former involving genomic and the latter mitochondrial DNA replication, showed significant association with risk of breast cancer. Rare RECQL p.I156M allele was observed in breast cancer cases only (6/1,946, 0.3%, p = 0.043), whereas POLG p.L392V was two times more frequent in breast cancer cases (53/2,238, 2.4%) compared to controls (18/1,539, 1.2%, OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.5, p = 0.010). Based on the current genetic data, both RECQL p.I156M and POLG p.L392V represent novel breast cancer predisposing alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Saila Kauppila
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hang-Mao Lee
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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140
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Liu H, Li J, Koirala P, Ding X, Chen B, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Zhang X, Mo YY. Long non-coding RNAs as prognostic markers in human breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20584-96. [PMID: 26942882 PMCID: PMC4991477 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently shown to play an important role in gene regulation and normal cellular functions, and disease processes. However, despite the overwhelming number of lncRNAs identified to date, little is known about their role in cancer for vast majority of them. The present study aims to determine whether lncRNAs can serve as prognostic markers in human breast cancer. We interrogated the breast invasive carcinoma dataset of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) at the cBioPortal consisting of ~ 1,000 cases. Among 2,730 lncRNAs analyzed, 577 lncRNAs had alterations ranging from 1% to 32% frequency, which include mutations, alterations of copy number and RNA expression. We found that deregulation of 11 lncRNAs, primarily due to copy number alteration, is associated with poor overall survival. At RNA expression level, upregulation of 4 lncRNAs (LINC00657, LINC00346, LINC00654 and HCG11) was associated with poor overall survival. A third signature consists of 9 lncRNAs (LINC00705, LINC00310, LINC00704, LINC00574, FAM74A3, UMODL1-AS1, ARRDC1-AS1, HAR1A, and LINC00323) and their upregulation can predict recurrence. Finally, we selected LINC00657 to determine their role in breast cancer, and found that LINC00657 knockout significantly suppresses tumor cell growth and proliferation, suggesting that it plays an oncogenic role. Together, these results highlight the clinical significance of lncRNAs, and thus, these lncRNAs may serve as prognostic markers for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Liu
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Pratirodh Koirala
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xianfeng Ding
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binghai Chen
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yiheng Wang
- School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yin-Yuan Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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141
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Khiabanian H, Hirshfield KM, Goldfinger M, Bird S, Stein M, Aisner J, Toppmeyer D, Wong S, Chan N, Dhar K, Gheeya J, Vig H, Hadigol M, Pavlick D, Ansari S, Ali S, Xia B, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Ganesan S. Inference of Germline Mutational Status and Evaluation of Loss of Heterozygosity in High-Depth, Tumor-Only Sequencing Data. JCO Precis Oncol 2018; 2018:PO.17.00148. [PMID: 30246169 PMCID: PMC6148761 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Inherited germline defects are implicated in up to 10% of human tumors, with particularly well-known roles in breast and ovarian cancers that harbor BRCA1/2-mutated genes. There is also increasing evidence for the role of germline alterations in other malignancies such as colon and pancreatic cancers. Mutations in familial cancer genes can be detected by high throughput sequencing (HTS), when applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens. However, due to often lack of patient-matched control normal DNA and/or low tumor purity, there is limited ability to determine the genomic status of these alterations (germline versus somatic) and to assess the presence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH). These analyses, especially when applied to genes such as BRCA1/2, can have significant clinical implications for patient care. METHODS LOHGIC (LOH-Germline Inference Calculator) is a statistical model selection method to determine somatic-versus-germline status and predict LOH for mutations identified via clinical grade, high-depth, hybrid-capture tumor-only sequencing. LOHGIC incorporates statistical uncertainties inherent to HTS as well as specimen biases in tumor purity estimates, which we use to assess BRCA1/2 mutations in 1,636 specimens sequenced at Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey. RESULTS Evaluation of LOHGIC with available germline sequencing from BRCA1/2 testing, demonstrates 93% accuracy, 100% precision, and 96% recall. This analysis highlights a differential tumor spectrum associated with BRCA1/2 mutations. CONCLUSION LOHGIC can assess LOH status for both germline and somatic mutations. It also can be applied to any gene with candidate, inherited mutations. This approach demonstrates the clinical utility of targeted sequencing in both identifying patients with potential germline alterations in tumor suppressor genes as well as estimating LOH occurrence in cancer cells, which may confer therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khiabanian
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Kim M. Hirshfield
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mendel Goldfinger
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Simon Bird
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mark Stein
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Joseph Aisner
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Deborah Toppmeyer
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Serena Wong
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Nancy Chan
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Kalyani Dhar
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jinesh Gheeya
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Hetal Vig
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mohammad Hadigol
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Dean Pavlick
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Sepand Ansari
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Siraj Ali
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bing Xia
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Simon Bird, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Kalyani Dhar, Jinesh Gheeya, Hetal Vig, Mohammad Hadigol, Sepand Ansari, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University; Hossein Khiabanian, Kim M. Hirshfield, Mendel Goldfinger, Mark Stein, Joseph Aisner, Deborah Toppmeyer, Serena Wong, Nancy Chan, Bing Xia, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, and Shridar Ganesan, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; and Dean Pavlick and Siraj Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
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142
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Tuffaha HW, Mitchell A, Ward RL, Connelly L, Butler JRG, Norris S, Scuffham PA. Cost-effectiveness analysis of germ-line BRCA testing in women with breast cancer and cascade testing in family members of mutation carriers. Genet Med 2018; 20:985-994. [DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hereditary predisposition accounts for approximately 10% of all breast cancers and is mostly associated with germline mutations in high-penetrance genes encoding for proteins participating in DNA repair through homologous recombination (BRCA1 and BRCA2). With the advent of massive parallel next-generation DNA sequencing, simultaneous analysis of multiple genes with a short turnaround time and at a low cost has become possible. The clinical validity and utility of multi-gene panel testing is getting better characterized as more data on the significance of moderate-penetrance genes are collected from large, cancer genetic testing studies. In this chapter, we attempt to provide a general guide for interpretation of panel gene testing in breast cancer and use of the information obtained for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Fountzilas
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Virginia G Kaklamani
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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144
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Brédart A, Kop JL, Antoniou AC, Cunningham AP, De Pauw A, Tischkowitz M, Ehrencrona H, Dolbeault S, Robieux L, Rhiem K, Easton DF, Devilee P, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Schmutlzer R. Use of the BOADICEA Web Application in clinical practice: appraisals by clinicians from various countries. Fam Cancer 2018; 17:31-41. [PMID: 28623477 PMCID: PMC5770489 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 'BOADICEA' Web Application (BWA) used to assess breast cancer risk, is currently being further developed, to integrate additional genetic and non-genetic factors. We surveyed clinicians' perceived acceptability of the existing BWA v3. An online survey was conducted through the BOADICEA website, and the British, Dutch, French and Swedish genetics societies. Cross-sectional data from 443 participants who provided at least 50% responses were analysed. Respondents varied in age and, clinical seniority, but mainly comprised women (77%) and genetics professionals (82%). Some expressed negative opinions about the scientific validity of BOADICEA (9%) and BWA v3 risk presentations (7-9%). Data entry time (62%), clinical utility (22%) and ease of communicating BWA v3 risks (13-17%) received additional negative appraisals. In multivariate analyses, controlling for gender and country, data entry time was perceived as longer by genetic counsellors than clinical geneticists (p < 0.05). Respondents who (1) considered hormonal BC risk factors as more important (p < 0.01), and (2) communicated numerical risk estimates more frequently (p < 0.001), judged BWA v3 of lower clinical utility. Respondents who carried out less frequent clinical activity (p < 0.01) and respondents with '11 to 15 years' seniority (p < 0.01) had less favourable opinions of BWA v3 risk presentations. Seniority of '6 to 10 years' (p < 0.05) and more frequent numerical risk communication (p < 0.05) were associated with higher fear of communicating the BWA v3 risks to patients. The level of genetics training did not affect opinions. Further development of BWA should consider technological, genetics service delivery and training initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Brédart
- Institut Curie, Supportive Care Department, Psycho-oncology Unit, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France.
- University Paris Descartes, 71 avenue Edouard Vaillant, 92774, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Kop
- Université de Lorraine, Inter-Psy, 3 Place Godefroy de Bouillon, 54015, Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alex P Cunningham
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Antoine De Pauw
- Institut Curie, Cancer Genetic Clinic, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Level 6 Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 238, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services and Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Universitetssjukhuset, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sylvie Dolbeault
- Institut Curie, Supportive Care Department, Psycho-oncology Unit, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
- CESP, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, 16 Avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Léonore Robieux
- University Paris Descartes, 71 avenue Edouard Vaillant, 92774, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Centre, Cologne University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Kerpener Str. 34 I, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, S4-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rita Schmutlzer
- Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Centre, Cologne University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Kerpener Str. 34 I, 50931, Cologne, Germany
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Hirotsu Y, Ooka Y, Sakamoto I, Nakagomi H, Omata M. Simultaneous detection of genetic and copy number alterations in BRCA1/2 genes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114463-114473. [PMID: 29383094 PMCID: PMC5777706 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes (BRCA1/2) predispose to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), and their dysregulation increases the risk of cancers. The detection of pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants is essential for the diagnosis and prevention of HBOC, and for offering treatment decisions for patients. Therefore, there is a growing demand for the development of accurate, rapid assay systems that simultaneously detect pathogenic variants and copy number alterations. Here, we tested Thermo Fisher Scientific's newly developed Oncomine®BRCA1/2 Panel. We showed that all mutations in standard reference DNA were detected with high accuracy, and that values of allelic fractions were detected with high concordance (R2 = 0.9986). The Oncomine®BRCA1/2 Panel detected 21 pathogenic germline variants in 147 patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer, of which 20 were detected by the previously-launched Ion AmpliSeq™ BRCA1/2 Panel, except for one frameshift mutation. The Oncomine®BRCA1/2 Panel precisely captured one additional frameshift mutation, which is difficult to detect because of the homopolymer site. Large genomic deletion was identified in one sample, which was previously detected by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Oncomine®BRCA1/2 Panel could accurately detect pathogenic variant and copy number alteration, and be an alternative assay to investigate BRCA1/2 germline and somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ooka
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sakamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Fujimi Kofu-City, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagomi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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146
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Yanwirasti, A Harahap W, Arisanty D. Evaluation of MiR-21 and MiR-10b Expression of Human Breast Cancer in West Sumatera. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:189-196. [PMID: 29023075 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.189.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal expression of several microRNAs (miRNAs) has been demonstrated in many types of cancer tumor tissue. The miR-10b and miR-21 are an oncogenic miRNAs which play role in proliferation and invasion of Breast Cancer (BC) tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the miR-21 and miR-10b expression in BC in West Sumatran women, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 samples, consisting of 30 samples of breast cancer tissues (BC) and 10 samples of fibroadenoma tissues (FATs) as control and non-cancerous were analyzed. The miR-21 and miR-10b expression of each sample were investigated by using realtime PCR, followed by universal Reverse Transcription (RT) then real-time PCR amplification with specific primers. Hsa-miR-16-5p LNA PCR primer was used as an endogenous control. RESULTS The results showed that the expression level of miR-21 was more than 4 times higher in BC than in FATs. The expression level of miR-10b was lower in BC than FATs, by a factor of 3.34 fold. Both these differences were statistically different (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION In this study it was concluded that for this sample of West Sumatran Women miR-21 expression in BC was higher than in FATs, whereas miR-10b was lower in BC than in FATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwirasti
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Wirsma A Harahap
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical School of M. Djamil Hospital, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesi
| | - Dessy Arisanty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
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Gu LQ, Gates KS, Wang MX, Li G. What is the potential of nanolock- and nanocross-nanopore technology in cancer diagnosis? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 18:113-117. [PMID: 29171309 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1410060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Gu
- a Department of Bioengineering and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Kent S Gates
- b Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Michael X Wang
- c Department of Pathology and Immunology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- d Department of Surgery and Ellis Fischel Cancer Center , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
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148
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Computational Investigation of Homologous Recombination DNA Repair Deficiency in Sporadic Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15742. [PMID: 29146938 PMCID: PMC5691048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCAness has important implications in the management and treatment of patients with breast and ovarian cancer. In this study, we propose a computational framework to measure the BRCAness of breast and ovarian tumor samples based on their gene expression profiles. We define a characteristic profile for BRCAness by comparing gene expression differences between BRCA1/2 mutant familial tumors and sporadic breast cancer tumors while adjusting for relevant clinical factors. With this BRCAness profile, our framework calculates sample-specific BRCA scores, which indicates homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair pathway activity of samples. We found that in sporadic breast cancer high BRCAness score is associated with aberrant copy number of HR genes rather than somatic mutation and other genomic features. Moreover, we observed significant correlations of BRCA score with genome instability and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. More importantly, BRCA score provides significant prognostic value in both breast and ovarian cancers after considering established clinical variables. In summary, the inferred BRCAness from our framework can be used as a robust biomarker for the prediction of prognosis and treatment response in breast and ovarian cancers.
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149
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Afghahi A, Kurian AW. The Changing Landscape of Genetic Testing for Inherited Breast Cancer Predisposition. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2017; 18:27. [PMID: 28439798 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-017-0468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The advent of multiple-gene germline panel testing has led to significant advances in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk assessment. These include guideline-specific cancer risk management recommendations for patients and their families, such as screening with breast magnetic resonance imaging and risk-reducing surgeries, which have the potential to reduce substantially the morbidity and mortality associated with a hereditary cancer predisposition. However, controversy remains about the clinical validity and actionability of genetic testing in a broader patient population. We discuss events leading to the wider availability of commercialized multiple-gene germline panel testing, the recent data that support using this powerful tool to improve cancer risk assessment and reduction strategies, and remaining challenges to clinical optimization of this new genetic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anosheh Afghahi
- Division of Oncology, University of Colorado, 1665 Aurora Ct, Mailstop F704, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Allison W Kurian
- Stanford University, HRP Redwood Building, Room T254A 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5405, USA
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150
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Pan-cancer analysis of bi-allelic alterations in homologous recombination DNA repair genes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:857. [PMID: 29021619 PMCID: PMC5636842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair and are germ-line cancer pre-disposition genes that result in a syndrome of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Whether germ-line or somatic alterations in these genes or other members of the HR pathway and if mono- or bi-allelic alterations of HR-related genes have a phenotypic impact on other cancers remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we perform a pan-cancer analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set and observe that bi-allelic pathogenic alterations in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-related genes are prevalent across many malignancies. These bi-allelic alterations often associate with genomic features of HR deficiency. Further, in ovarian, breast and prostate cancers, bi-allelic alterations are mutually exclusive of each other. The combination of these two properties facilitates reclassification of variants of unknown significance affecting DNA repair genes, and may help personalize HR directed therapies in the clinic.Germline mutations in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair genes are linked to breast and ovarian cancer. Here, the authors show that mutually exclusive bi-allelic inactivation of HR genes are present in other cancer types and associated with genomic features of HR deficiency, expanding the potential use of HR-directed therapies.
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