101
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Kang Y, Stein CS, Heth JA, Sinn PL, Penisten AK, Staber PD, Ratliff KL, Shen H, Barker CK, Martins I, Sharkey CM, Sanders DA, McCray PB, Davidson BL. In vivo gene transfer using a nonprimate lentiviral vector pseudotyped with Ross River Virus glycoproteins. J Virol 2002; 76:9378-88. [PMID: 12186920 PMCID: PMC136422 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.18.9378-9388.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vectors derived from lentiviruses provide a promising gene delivery system. We examined the in vivo gene transfer efficiency and tissue or cell tropism of a feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-based lentiviral vector pseudotyped with the glycoproteins from Ross River Virus (RRV). RRV glycoproteins were efficiently incorporated into FIV virions, generating preparations of FIV vector, which after concentration attain titers up to 1.5 x 10(8) TU/ml. After systemic administration, RRV-pseudotyped FIV vectors (RRV/FIV) predominantly transduced the liver of recipient mice. Transduction efficiency in the liver with the RRV/FIV was ca. 20-fold higher than that achieved with the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) pseudotype. Moreover, in comparison to VSV-G, the RRV glycoproteins caused less cytotoxicity, as determined from the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in serum. Although hepatocytes were the main liver cell type transduced, nonhepatocytes (mainly Kupffer cells) were also transduced. The percentages of the transduced nonhepatocytes were comparable between RRV and VSV-G pseudotypes and did not correlate with the production of antibody against the transgene product. After injection into brain, RRV/FIV preferentially transduced neuroglial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). In contrast to the VSV-G protein that targets predominantly neurons, <10% of the brain cells transduced with the RRV pseudotyped vector were neurons. Finally, the gene transfer efficiencies of RRV/FIV after direct application to skeletal muscle or airway were also examined and, although transgene-expressing cells were detected, their proportions were low. Our data support the utility of RRV glycoprotein-pseudotyped FIV lentiviral vectors for hepatocyte- and neuroglia-related disease applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Kang
- Program in Gene Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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102
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Abstract
The filoviruses Ebola Zaire virus and Marburg virus are believed to infect target cells through endocytic vesicles, but the details of this pathway are unknown. We used a pseudotyping strategy to investigate the cell biology of filovirus entry. We observed that specific inhibitors of the caveola system, including cholesterol-sequestering drugs and phorbol esters, inhibited the entry of filovirus pseudotypes into human cells. We also measured slower cell entry kinetics for both filovirus pseudotypes than for pseudotypes of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which has been recognized to exploit the clathrin-mediated entry pathway. Finally, visualization by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy revealed that the filovirus pseudotypes colocalized with the caveola protein marker caveolin-1 but that VSV pseudotypes did not. Collectively, these results provide evidence suggesting that filoviruses use caveolae to gain entry into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril J Empig
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94141-9100, USA
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103
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Watson DJ, Kobinger GP, Passini MA, Wilson JM, Wolfe JH. Targeted transduction patterns in the mouse brain by lentivirus vectors pseudotyped with VSV, Ebola, Mokola, LCMV, or MuLV envelope proteins. Mol Ther 2002; 5:528-37. [PMID: 11991743 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2002.0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors have proven to be promising tools for transduction of central nervous system (CNS) cells in vivo and in vitro. In this study, CNS transduction patterns of lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with envelope glycoproteins from Ebola virus, murine leukemia virus (MuLV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), or the rabies-related Mokola virus were compared to a vector pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G). Mokola-, LCMV-, and VSV-G-pseudotyped vectors transduced similar populations, including striatum, thalamus, and white matter. Mokola-pseudotyped vectors were the most efficient of the three. MuLV-pseudotyped lentivirus efficiently transduced striatum and hippocampal dentate gyrus. In contrast, no transduction resulted from injection of Ebola-pseudotyped virus in the CNS. The same pattern was observed in vitro with primary cultured oligodendrocytes. LCMV, MuLV, and Ebola pseudotypes were the most stable. These results demonstrate that targeted transduction in the CNS can be achieved using specific envelope glycoproteins to pseudotype lentiviral vectors, and support the use of Mokola-pseudotyped and MuLV-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors as efficient and stable alternatives to VSV-G-pseudotyped vectors for experiments in the mouse CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J Watson
- Department of Pathobiology and Center for Comparative Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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104
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Affiliation(s)
- A Larochelle
- Internal Medicine Program, Siebens 6, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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105
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Baize S, Deubel V. Identification d’un co-facteur pour l’entrée des filovirus Ebola et Marburg. Med Sci (Paris) 2002. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/200218113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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106
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Feldmann H, Volchkov VE, Volchkova VA, Ströher U, Klenk HD. Biosynthesis and role of filoviral glycoproteins. J Gen Virol 2001; 82:2839-2848. [PMID: 11714958 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-12-2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Feldmann
- Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaR3E 3R21
| | - Viktor E Volchkov
- Biologie des Filovirus, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France2
| | - Valentina A Volchkova
- Biologie des Filovirus, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France2
| | - Ute Ströher
- Institut für Virologie, Philipps-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 17, D-35037 Marburg, Germany3
| | - Hans-Dieter Klenk
- Institut für Virologie, Philipps-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 17, D-35037 Marburg, Germany3
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107
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Abstract
Ebola virus causes lethal hemorrhagic disease in humans, yet there are still no satisfactory biological explanations to account for its extreme virulence. This review focuses on recent findings relevant to understanding the pathogenesis of Ebola virus infection and developing vaccines and effective therapy. The available data suggest that the envelope glycoprotein and the interaction of some viral proteins with the immune system are likely to play important roles in the extraordinary pathogenicity of this virus. There are also indications that genetically engineered vaccines, including plasmid DNA and viral vectors expressing Ebola virus proteins, and passive transfer of neutralizing antibodies could be feasible options for the control of Ebola virus-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Takada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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108
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Desmaris N, Bosch A, Salaün C, Petit C, Prévost MC, Tordo N, Perrin P, Schwartz O, de Rocquigny H, Heard JM. Production and neurotropism of lentivirus vectors pseudotyped with lyssavirus envelope glycoproteins. Mol Ther 2001; 4:149-56. [PMID: 11482987 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2001.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the production efficiency and the gene transfer capacity in the central nervous system of HIV-1-based vectors pseudotyped with either the G protein of the Mokola lyssaviruses (MK-G), a neurotropic virus causing rabies disease, or the vesiculo-stomatitis G protein (VSV-G). Both envelopes induced syncitia in cell cultures. They were incorporated into vector particles and mature virions were observed by electron microscopy. Vector production was two- to sixfold more efficient with VSV-G than with MK-G. For equivalent amounts of physical particles, vector titration was 5- to 25-fold higher with VSV-G than with MK-G pseudotypes on cultured cells, and in vivo gene expression in mouse brain was more intense. Thus, VSV-G pseudotypes were produced more efficiently and were more infectious than MK-G pseudotypes. Tropism for brain cells was analyzed by intrastriatal injections in rats. Both pseudotypes preferentially transduced neurons (70-90% of transduced cells). Retrograde axonal transport was investigated by instilling vector suspensions in the rat nasal cavity. Both pseudotypes were efficiently transported to olfactive neuron bodies. Thus, although coating HIV-1 particles with rabdhovirus envelope glycoproteins enables them to enter neuronal cells efficiently, pseudotyping is not sufficient to confer the powerful neurotropism of lyssaviruses to lentivirus vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Desmaris
- Unité Rétrovirus et Transfert Génétique, CNRS URA 1930, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75724, France
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109
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Chan SY, Empig CJ, Welte FJ, Speck RF, Schmaljohn A, Kreisberg JF, Goldsmith MA. Folate receptor-alpha is a cofactor for cellular entry by Marburg and Ebola viruses. Cell 2001; 106:117-26. [PMID: 11461707 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human infections by Marburg (MBG) and Ebola (EBO) viruses result in lethal hemorrhagic fever. To identify cellular entry factors employed by MBG virus, noninfectible cells transduced with an expression library were challenged with a selectable pseudotype virus packaged by MBG glycoproteins (GP). A cDNA encoding the folate receptor-alpha (FR-alpha) was recovered from cells exhibiting reconstitution of viral entry. A FR-alpha cDNA was recovered in a similar strategy employing EBO pseudotypes. FR-alpha expression in Jurkat cells facilitated MBG or EBO entry, and FR-blocking reagents inhibited infection by MBG or EBO. Finally, FR-alpha bound cells expressing MBG or EBO GP and mediated syncytia formation triggered by MBG GP. Thus, FR-alpha is a significant cofactor for cellular entry for MBG and EBO viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chan
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
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110
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Chazal N, Singer G, Aiken C, Hammarskjöld ML, Rekosh D. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles pseudotyped with envelope proteins that fuse at low pH no longer require Nef for optimal infectivity. J Virol 2001; 75:4014-8. [PMID: 11264394 PMCID: PMC114896 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.8.4014-4018.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of Nef on infectivity in the context of various viral envelope proteins. These experiments were performed with a minimal vector system where Nef is the only accessory protein present. Our results support the hypothesis that the route of entry influences the ability of Nef to enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectivity. We show that HIV particles pseudotyped with Ebola virus glycoprotein or vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G), which fuse at low pH, do not require Nef for optimal infectivity. In contrast, Nef significantly enhances the infectivity of virus particles that contain envelope proteins that fuse at neutral pH (CCR5-dependent HIV Env, CXCR4-dependent HIV Env, or amphotropic murine leukemia virus Env). In addition, our results demonstrate that virus particles containing mixed CXCR4-dependent HIV and VSV-G envelope proteins show a conditional requirement for Nef for optimal infectivity, depending on which protein is allowed to facilitate entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chazal
- Myles H. Thaler Center for AIDS and Human Retrovirus Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
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111
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Kobinger GP, Weiner DJ, Yu QC, Wilson JM. Filovirus-pseudotyped lentiviral vector can efficiently and stably transduce airway epithelia in vivo. Nat Biotechnol 2001; 19:225-30. [PMID: 11231554 DOI: 10.1038/85664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional gene therapy vectors have demonstrated limited utility for treatment of chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Herein we describe a vector based on a Filovirus envelope protein-pseudotyped HIV vector, which we chose after systematically evaluating multiple strategies. The vector efficiently transduces intact airway epithelium from the apical surface, as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo model systems. This shows the potential of pseudotyping in expanding the utility of lentiviral vectors. Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors may hold promise for the treatment of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Kobinger
- Institute for Human Gene Therapy and Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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112
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Chan SY, Ma MC, Goldsmith MA. Differential induction of cellular detachment by envelope glycoproteins of Marburg and Ebola (Zaire) viruses. J Gen Virol 2000; 81:2155-2159. [PMID: 10950971 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-81-9-2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infection by Marburg (MBG) or Ebola (EBO) virus is associated with fatal haemorrhagic fevers. While these filoviruses may both incite disease as a result of explosive virus replication, we hypothesized that expression of individual viral gene products, such as the envelope glycoprotein (GP), may directly alter target cells and contribute to pathogenesis. We found that expression of EBO GP in 293T cells caused significant levels of cellular detachment in the absence of cell death or virus replication. This detachment was induced most potently by membrane-bound EBO GP, rather than the shed glycoprotein products (sGP or GP1), and was largely attributable to a domain within the extracellular region of GP2. Furthermore, detachment was blocked by the Ser/Thr kinase inhibitor 2-aminopurine, suggesting the importance of a phosphorylation-dependent signalling cascade in inducing detachment. Since MBG GP did not induce similar cellular detachment, MBG and EBO GP interact with target cells by distinct processes to elicit cellular dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA2
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, PO Box 419100, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA1
| | - Melissa C Ma
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, PO Box 419100, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA1
| | - Mark A Goldsmith
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA2
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, PO Box 419100, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA1
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