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Cui Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Jiang Y, Mao H, Ju S, Peng XG. Value of Non-Contrast-Enhanced Vessel Wall MR Imaging in Assessing Vascular Invasion of Retroperitoneal Tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60:752-764. [PMID: 37929323 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their location and growth patterns, retroperitoneal tumors often involve the surrounding blood vessels. Clinical decisions on a proper treatment depend on the information on this condition. Evaluation of blood vessels using non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI may provide noninvasive assessment of the extent of tumor invasion to assist clinical decision-making. PURPOSE To investigate the performance and potential of non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI in evaluating the degree of vessel wall invasion of retroperitoneal tumors. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Thirty-seven participants (mean age: 60.59 ± 11.77 years, 59% male) with retroperitoneal tumors close to vessels based on their diagnostic computer tomography. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES 3 T; vessel wall MRI sequences: two-dimensional T2-weighted MultiVane XD turbo spin-echo (2D-T2-MVXD-TSE) and three-dimensional T1-weighted motion sensitized driven equilibrium fat suppression turbo spin-echo (3D-T1-MSDE-TSE) sequences; conventional MRI sequences: T2-weighted fat suppression turbo spin-echo (T2-FS-TSE), T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE), modified Dixon T1-weighted fast field echo (T1-mDixon-FFE), and diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DWI-EPI) sequences. ASSESSMENT All patients underwent preoperative imaging using both non-contrast conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences. Images obtained from conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences were evaluated independently by three junior radiologists (3 and 2 years of experience in reading MRI) and reviewed by one senior radiologist (25 years of experience in reading MRI) to assess the degree of vessel wall invasion. MRI were validated results from the clinical standard diagnosis based on surgical confirmation or histopathological reports. Interobserver agreement was determined based on the reports from three readers with similar years of experiences. Intraobserver variability was assessed based on categorizing and recategorizing the vessels of 37 patients 1 month apart. STATISTICAL TESTS Intra-class correlation efficient (ICC), Chi-square test, McNemar test, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), Delong test, P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The accuracy of vessel wall MRI (91.96%, 95% CI: 85.43-95.71; 103 of 112) in detecting the degree of vessel wall invasion was significantly higher than that of conventional MRI (75%, 95% CI: 66.24-82.10; 84 of 112). The interobserver variability or reproducibility in categorization of the degree of vascular wall invasion was good in evaluating images from conventional and vessel wall MRI sequences (ICC = 0.821, 95% CI: 0.765-0.867 and ICC = 0.881, 95% CI: 0.842-0.913, respectively). DATA CONCLUSION Diagnosis of vessel wall invasion of retroperitoneal tumors and assessment of its severity can be improved by using non-contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Gui Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Nomura K, Shibuya T, Terai Y, Omu R, Arii S, Yuzawa A, Ikeda Y, Uchida R, Sato S, Murata A, Sato S, Shimada Y, Maruyama T, Nomura O, Fukushima H, Murakami T, Ishikawa D, Hojo M, Genda T, Nagahara A. Small Intestinal Arteriovenous Malformation Treated by Double-balloon Endoscopy. Intern Med 2024; 63:2131-2135. [PMID: 38104993 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2588-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A 42-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of anemia. The patient underwent gastroscopy and colonoscopy, but no bleeding site was detected. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed vascular dilatation along the wall of the small intestine. Small bowel capsule endoscopy and antegrade double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) were performed, and the patient was diagnosed with a small intestinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The AVM was clipped using DBE. After clipping, abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and small bowel angiography revealed the disappearance of the AVM. DBE may be a viable therapeutic option, helping avoid surgery and its associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Shibuya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Terai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Rifa Omu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Shin Arii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Arisa Yuzawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sho Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Ayato Murata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Takafumi Maruyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Osamu Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fukushima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Dai Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mariko Hojo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takuya Genda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihito Nagahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
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Zhang Y, Sheng H, Fu Y, Chen L. Transcription Factor FOXA1 Facilitates Glycolysis and Proliferation of Lung Adenocarcinoma via Activation of TEX19. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2144-2154. [PMID: 37606876 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycolysis is a shared feature in various cancers including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Testis Expressed 19 (TEX19) is correlated with cancer progression. But its effect on LUAD remains an unanswered question. The focus of our study was primarily to investigate how TEX19 works exactly in LUAD. We first downloaded mRNA data from TCGA-LUAD and performed differential expression analysis. Then, we performed a Kaplan-Meier analysis to analyze the relationship between mRNA expression and patients' prognoses. hTFtarget database was utilized for the prediction of upstream transcription factors of mRNA. Next, qRT-PCR was employed for detecting TEX19 and Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) expression. Western blot was adopted to detect the expression of glycolysis-related proteins. We also used CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays to detect cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. Seahorse XF Extracellular Flux Analyzers were introduced to analyze extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Detection kits were used to detect pyruvate, lactate, citric acid, and malic acid. TEX19 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assay showed that TEX19 was significantly overexpressed in LUAD cell lines compared with normal bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B. Knockdown of TEX19 remarkably inhibited cell activity and proliferation, and promoted cell apoptosis, TEX19 was enriched in the glycolytic pathway. Meanwhile, the knockdown of TEX19 significantly hampered the contents of pyruvate, lactate, citric acid, and malic acid. The bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter experiment, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that FOXA1 was bound with TEX19. FOXA1 had a high expression level in LUAD. The rescue assay demonstrated that FOXA1, by activating TEX19 expression, enhanced glycolysis and proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of LUAD cells. In summary, FOXA1 promoted glycolysis and proliferation of LUAD cells by activating TEX19. This result can provide a theoretical basis for future research on LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 365 Renmin East Road, Jinhua City, 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Huichao Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 365 Renmin East Road, Jinhua City, 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 365 Renmin East Road, Jinhua City, 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua City, 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Yu Z, Liang C, Gao J, He P, Xu Q, Gao Y, Li P, Zhou S, Zhao X. Clinicopathologic factors correlated with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study involving 5606 patients. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:1242-1249. [PMID: 38744374 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer will establish a crucial foundation for the implementation of endoscopic operation and multidisciplinary treatment programs. METHODS A total of 5606 patients with gastric cancer with comprehensive clinicopathologic data were enrolled through systematic searching and rigorous screening. Of the 5606 patients, 1438 were diagnosed with early gastric cancer (EGC), which would be used for further analysis. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors. RESULTS The rates of LNM in T1a, T1b, T2, T3, T4a, and T4b stage gastric cancer were 7.0%, 19.4%, 48.4%, 77.1%, 83.8%, and 89.6%, respectively. Female (odds ratio [OR], 1.559; P = .032), lower tumor location (OR, 1.773; P = .023), tumor size of >2 cm (OR, 2.007; P < .001), mixed (OR, 2.371; P = .001) and undifferentiated histologic types (OR, 2.952; P < .001), T1b stage (OR, 2.041; P < .001), presence of ulceration (OR, 1.758; P = .027), and lymphovascular invasion (OR, 5.722; P < .001) were identified as independent risk factors for LNM in EGC. A nomogram was constructed using appropriate predictors to preoperatively predict the risk of LNM in patients with EGC. CONCLUSION This study identified the clinicopathologic factors associated with LNM in patients with EGC and developed a prediction model, thereby facilitating the integration of diverse treatment modalities in managing patients with EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liang
- First Department of Liver Disease/Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwang Gao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping He
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Qixuan Xu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhe Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sixin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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105
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Khabyeh-Hasbani N, Lu YH, Baumgartner W, Mendenhall SD, Koehler SM. Contemporary Management of the Upper Limb in Apert Syndrome: A Review. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e6067. [PMID: 39148509 PMCID: PMC11326471 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000006067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Apert syndrome is a relatively rare genetic disorder with a constellation of distinct craniofacial deformities and bilateral syndactyly of the hands and feet. Although the literature contains ample evidence for the need to treat cranial, midfacial, and hand abnormalities, there are severe shortcomings in the literature when attempting to describe the pathology and management of the entire upper limb in patients with Apert syndrome. Methods A thorough literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, on the management of the upper extremity in Apert syndrome, including the shoulder, elbow, and hand. Results Our findings of the literature discuss the clinical presentation and management trends of the upper extremity in patients with Apert syndrome. Through multicenter collaboration, discussion among experts in the field, and evidence gathered from the literature, we propose treatment algorithms to treat deformities of the hand, shoulder, and elbow in patients with Apert syndrome. Conclusions This review identifies that even if hand pathologies have been correctly treated, shoulder and elbow abnormalities in patients with Apert syndrome are largely ignored. To optimize outcomes, added cognizance of additional upper limb congenital differences and their management should be highly advocated in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Khabyeh-Hasbani
- From the Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Einstein, Bronx, N.Y
| | - Yi-Hseuh Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Einstein, Bronx, N.Y
| | - William Baumgartner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, N.Y
| | - Shaun D Mendenhall
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Steven M Koehler
- From the Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Einstein, Bronx, N.Y
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106
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Sun F, Lian Y, Zhou M, Luo J, Hu L, Wang J, Sun Z, Yu J. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells via regulation of the VEGF-mediated angiogenic pathway. Immunol Res 2024; 72:727-740. [PMID: 38772984 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to promote tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and protumor angiogenesis, but the role of TAMs in evading radiotherapy in esophagus cancer remains unclear. In this study, we first induced TAMs from human monocytes (THP-1) and identified using immunofluorescence and Western blotting assays. We then co-cultured them with human esophageal cancer cell lines. CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, scratch test, and TUNEL assays showed that TAMs could promote proliferation, survival rate, invasion, migration, and radioresistance and could inhibit apoptosis of the esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines KYSE-150 and TE-1 before and after radiotherapy both in vivo and in vitro. Using LV-VEGFA-RNAi lentiviral vectors, we also found that TAMs could increase the expression of VEGFA and that inhibition of VEGFA could inhibit the biological function caused by TAMs. Finally, a Western blotting assay was used to evaluate the expression of various factors underlying the mechanism of TAMs. VEGFA, MAPK, P-MAPK, BCL-2, and Snail proteins were found to be overexpressed in co-cultured groups, whereas after VEGFA inhibition, MAPK, P-MAPK, BCL-2, and Snail proteins were found to be significantly downregulated in the radiotherapy group. These study results offer important information regarding the mechanism of radioresistance in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingying Lian
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
- Clinical Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, No.167, Dagang Xueyuan Road, Tianjin, 300270, China
| | - Mengyun Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Judong Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lijun Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29, Xinglong Lane, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingping Yu
- Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zheng J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li Z, Yang L, Gao J, Zhu J. Augmentation of hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy by annexin A5 through modulation of invasion and angiogenesis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:939-953. [PMID: 38742797 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2353103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to play a substantial role in cancer-related morbidity and mortality, largely owing to its pronounced tumor heterogeneity and propensity for recurrence. This underscores the pressing need for in-depth examination of its highly malignant mechanisms. Annexin A5 (ANXA5), recognized as a hallmark tumor protein, has emerged as a focal point of interest because of its ambiguous function and mechanism in HCC prognosis. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of ANXA5 in the malignant progression of human HCC cells by employing an integrative approach that combines conventional experimental methods with RNA sequencing. METHODS Differences in ANXA5 expression between HCC tissues and corresponding nontumor tissues were evaluated using immunofluorescence (n = 25). Correlation analysis was subsequently performed to assess the association between ANXA5 expression and clinicopathological features (n = 65). The role of ANXA5 in human HCC cell lines with ANXA5 gene knockout and overexpression was explored in vitro using migration and invasion assays and Ki-67 indices and in vivo based on node mice xenograft model. A tube formation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was conducted to demonstrate the angiogenic effects of ANXA5 in HCC. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing was used to further investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. RESULTS This study revealed that ANXA5 is highly expressed in patients with HCC and correlates with poor prognosis. Assays for migration, invasion, and proliferation based on ANXA5 gene knockout and overexpression systems in human HCC cell lines have demonstrated that ANXA5 enhances HCC malignancy in vitro and in vivo. Tube formation assays of HUVECs indicated that ANXA5 facilitates angiogenesis and recruits endothelial cells to HCC cells. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data analysis further confirmed that ANXA5 expression in HCC is associated with hepatocyte metabolism, immune response activation, and various oncogenic signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a meaningful association between elevated ANXA5 expression in tumor tissues and an unfavorable prognosis in patients with HCC. In addition, ANXA5 promotes HCC malignancy by promoting invasion and angiogenesis. Thus, ANXA5 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for HCC and has the potential to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Zhou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of HCC and Liver Cirrhosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center of Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Organ Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of HCC and Liver Cirrhosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center of Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Organ Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiye Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of HCC and Liver Cirrhosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center of Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Organ Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Datta D, Selvakumar B, Goel AD, Chhibber S, Varshney VK, Kumar R. Diagnostic performance of F-18 FDG PET/CT in differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Ann Nucl Med 2024; 38:619-629. [PMID: 38750330 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-024-01934-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the utility of F-18 FDG PET/CT in the non-invasive diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and differentiating it from pancreatic cancer (CaP) based on the amount and pattern of FDG uptake, as well as involvement of extra-pancreatic sites. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Only those studies that compared the findings of F-18 FDG PET/CT in terms of SUVmax, pattern of FDG uptake and presence of FDG-avid extra-pancreatic sites in both AIP and CaP were included. Studies were qualitatively assessed for risk of bias and publication bias. The diagnostic performance of parameters on PET/CT was examined through pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odd's ratio (DOR) and summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Six studies were included with a total of 580 patients. 178 patients had AIP (Age 18-90 years, male, M: female, F ratio-8.4:1) and 402 patients had CaP (Age 22-88 years, M:F ratio-1.5:1). Type of AIP was reported in only 3 studies, with the included cases predominantly being type 1 AIP. All studies were retrospective with heterogeneity and a risk on patient selection and index test. The FDG uptake, expressed as SUVmax, was lower in AIP with a weighted mean difference of -3.11 (95% confidence interval, CI: -5.28 to -0.94). To diagnose AIP, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR of diffuse pattern of FDG uptake were 0.59 (95% CI: 0.51-0.66), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86-0.92) and 21.07 (95% CI: 5.07-88.32), respectively, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.717 on SROC analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR of FDG-avid extra pancreatic sites were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.45-0.65), 0.58 (95% CI: 0.52-0.64) and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.40-3.89), respectively, with an AUC of 0.632. CONCLUSION On F-18 FDG PET/CT, a pancreatic lesion of AIP has a lower SUVmax value than CaP. A diffuse pattern of FDG uptake and presence of an extra-pancreatic FDG-avid site are nearly 21 times and twice more likely in AIP than CaP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanksha Datta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - B Selvakumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Basni Industrial Area Phase 2, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India.
| | - Akhil Dhanesh Goel
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Vaibhav Kumar Varshney
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Basni Industrial Area Phase 2, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Li S, Liu C, Wen S, Geng Y. Minimally invasive removal of a foreign body in the pancreas using digital intelligent technology: a case report. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241266548. [PMID: 39129186 PMCID: PMC11318051 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241266548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatitis caused by a fish bone penetrating the posterior wall of the stomach and entering the pancreas is rare. We herein report a case involving a woman in her late 30s with an approximately 1-month history of recurrent upper abdominal pain. Initial evaluation at another hospital failed to identify the cause but raised suspicion of pancreatic cancer. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and a detailed consultation led us to suspect that the patient's pain had been caused by inadvertent ingestion of a fish bone. We used three-dimensional visualization technology to determine the location of the fish bone and informed the patient of the lesion and surgical plan through a simulated surgical demonstration. During surgery, we applied augmented reality navigation technology to remove the fish bone by a minimally invasive approach. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 3. She was followed up by telephone 24 hours after discharge. Outpatient follow-up was performed 1 week after discharge and on day 30. The patient recovered well and developed no complications. This case shows that digital medical technology can be applied in patients undergoing surgical removal of a pancreatic foreign body. Such technology assists with preoperative evaluation, patient education, and intraoperative trauma reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyong Liu
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Zhongshan Blood Center, Zhongshan, China
| | - Sai Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyun Geng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tuon FF, Zequinao T, da Silva MS, Silva KO. eHealth and mHealth in Antimicrobial Stewardship to Reduce Mortality in Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy and a Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Adequate Therapy. Infect Dis Rep 2024; 16:707-723. [PMID: 39195005 DOI: 10.3390/idr16040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The urgent requirement for swift diagnostic methods in pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is emphasized by rising bacterial resistance and limited treatment options, which are particularly critical in sepsis management. The shift from traditional phenotype-based methods to rapid molecular and mass spectrometry techniques has significantly reduced result turnaround times, enhancing patient outcomes. In this systematic review with meta-analysis, the aspects of correct empirical antimicrobial therapy are evaluated to determine their impact on mortality. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and MEDLINE. Studies evaluating mortality associated with empirical adequate and inadequate therapy in different sites of infection were included. Outcomes included clinical cures in microbiologically evaluable patients. Among the sites of infection, the most studied were bloodstream infections (n = 9), followed by respiratory tract infections (n = 5), intra-abdominal infections (n = 5), and urinary tract infections (evaluated by 3 studies). Inadequate therapy was associated with an increase in mortality between 11 and 68%. Technologies to speed up pathogen identification are extremely necessary to reduce mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Francisco Tuon
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Tiago Zequinao
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Silva da Silva
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Kleber Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
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Chen IW, Yu TS, Hung KC. Letter to the editor on "Perioperative intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine for alleviating postpartum depression after cesarean section: A meta-analysis and systematic review". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 299:331-332. [PMID: 38876953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- I-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Sian Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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112
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Zhang PX, Tang QQ, Zhu J, Deng WY, Zhang ZH. Predictive models for functional cure in patients with CHB receiving PEG-IFN therapy based on HBsAg quantification through meta-analysis. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:1110-1121. [PMID: 38913149 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The efficacy of achieving HBsAg clearance through pegylated interferon (PEG-IFNα) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains uncertain, especially regarding the probability of achieving functional cure among patients with varying baseline HBsAg levels. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of HBsAg quantification for HBsAg seroclearance in CHB patients undergoing PEG-IFNα treatment. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to January 11, 2022. Subgroup analyses were performed for HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients, PEG-IFNα monotherapy and PEG-IFNα combination therapy, treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients, and patients with or without liver cirrhosis. RESULTS This predictive model incorporated 102 studies. The overall HBsAg clearance rates at the end of treatment (EOT) and the end of follow-up (EOF) were 10.6% (95% CI 7.8-13.7%) and 11.1% (95% CI 8.4-14.1%), respectively. Baseline HBsAg quantification was the most significant factor. According to the model, it is projected that when baseline HBsAg levels are 100, 500, 1500, and 10,000 IU/ml, the HBsAg clearance rates at EOF could reach 53.9% (95% CI 40.4-66.8%), 32.1% (95% CI 24.8-38.7%), 14.2% (95% CI 9.8-18.8%), and 7.9% (95% CI 4.2-11.8%), respectively. Additionally, treatment-experienced patients with HBeAg-negative status, and without liver cirrhosis exhibited higher HBsAg clearance rates after PEG-IFNα treatment. CONCLUSION A successful predictive model has been established to predict the achievement of functional cure in CHB patients receiving PEG-IFNα therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qian-Qian Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wan-Yu Deng
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China.
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113
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Shang J, Xia Q, Sun Y, Wang H, Chen J, Li Y, Gao F, Yin P, Yuan Z. Bufalin-Loaded Multifunctional Photothermal Nanoparticles Inhibit the Anaerobic Glycolysis by Targeting SRC-3/HIF-1α Pathway for Improved Mild Photothermal Therapy in CRC. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:7831-7850. [PMID: 39105099 PMCID: PMC11299722 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s470005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Compared with traditional photothermal therapy (PTT, >50°C), mild PTT (≤45°C) is a promising strategy for tumor therapy with fewer adverse effects. Unfortunately, its anti-tumor efficacy is hampered by thermoresistance induced by overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). In our previous study, we found bufalin (BU) is a glycolysis inhibitor that depletes HSPs, which is expected to overcome thermotolerance of tumor cells. In this study, BU-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) were developed for enhancing the mild PTT of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Fe3O4 NPs coated with the polydopamine (PDA) shell modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cyclic arginine-glycyl-aspartic peptide (cRGD) for loading BU (Fe3O4@PDA-PEG-cRGD/BU NPs) were developed. The thermal variations in Fe3O4@PDA-PEG-cRGD/BU NPs solution under different conditions were measured. Glycolysis inhibition was evaluated by measuring the glucose uptake, extracellular lactate, and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. The cellular cytotoxicity of Fe3O4@PDA-PEG-cRGD/BU NPs was analyzed using a cell counting kit-8 assay, Calcein-AM/PI double staining, and flow cytometry in HCT116 cells. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance and anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy of Fe3O4@PDA-PEG-cRGD/BU NPs were evaluated in HCT116-tumor bearing mice. Results Fe3O4@PDA-PEG-cRGD/BU NPs had an average diameter of 260.4±3.5 nm, the zeta potential of -23.8±1.6 mV, the drug loading rate of 1.1%, which had good thermal stability, photothermal conversion efficiencies and MRI performance. In addition, the released BU not only killed tumor cells but also interfered with glycolysis by targeting the steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3)/HIF-1α pathway, preventing intracellular ATP synthesis, and combating HSP-dependent tumor thermoresistance, ultimately strengthening the thermal sensitivity toward mild PTT both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion This study provides a highly effective strategy for enhancing the therapeutic effects of mild PTT toward tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shang
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Xia
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuji Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Chen
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peihao Yin
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeting Yuan
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
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Kostov S, Kornovski Y, Watrowski R, Yordanov A, Slavchev S, Ivanova Y, Yalcin H, Ivanov I, Selcuk I. Revisiting Querleu-Morrow Radical Hysterectomy: How to Apply the Anatomy of Parametrium and Pelvic Autonomic Nerves to Cervical Cancer Surgery? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2729. [PMID: 39123457 PMCID: PMC11312287 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2008, Querleu and Morrow proposed a novel classification of radical hysterectomy, which was quickly accepted by the professional oncogynecological community. The Querleu and Morrow (Q-M) classification of radical hysterectomy has provided a unique opportunity for uniform surgical and anatomical terminology. The classification offers detailed explanations of anatomical landmarks and resection margins for the three parametria of the uterus. However, there are still some disagreements and misconceptions regarding the terminology and anatomical landmarks of the Q-M classification. This article aims to highlight the surgical anatomy of all radical hysterectomy types within the Q-M classification. It discusses and illustrates the importance of anatomical landmarks for defining resection margins of the Q-M classification and reviews the differences between Q-M and other radical hysterectomy classifications. Additionally, we propose an update of the Q-M classification, which includes the implementation of parauterine lymphovascular tissue, paracervical lymph node dissection, and Selective-Systematic Nerve-Sparing type C2 radical hysterectomy. Type D was modified according to current guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer. The detailed explanation of the surgical anatomy of radical hysterectomy and the proposed update may help achieve surgical harmonization and precise standardization among oncogynecologists, which can further facilitate accurate and comparable results of multi-institutional surgical clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoyan Kostov
- Research Institute, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yavor Kornovski
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Rafał Watrowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helios Hospital Müllheim, 79379 Müllheim, Germany;
- Faculty Associate, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislav Slavchev
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yonka Ivanova
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital “Saint Anna”, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (S.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Hakan Yalcin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Maternity Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; (H.Y.); (I.S.)
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, University Hospital “Dr. Georgi Stranski”, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Ilker Selcuk
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Maternity Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; (H.Y.); (I.S.)
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Sikström S, Nicolai M, Ahrendt J, Nevanlinna S, Stille L. Language or rating scales based classifications of emotions: computational analysis of language and alexithymia. NPJ MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 3:37. [PMID: 39085388 PMCID: PMC11291691 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Rating scales are the dominating tool for the quantitative assessment of mental health. They are often believed to have a higher validity than language-based responses, which are the natural way of communicating mental states. Furthermore, it is unclear how difficulties articulating emotions-alexithymia-affect the accuracy of language-based communication of emotions. We investigated whether narratives describing emotional states are more accurately classified by questions-based computational analysis of language (QCLA) compared to commonly used rating scales. Additionally, we examined how this is affected by alexithymia. In Phase 1, participants (N = 348) generated narratives describing events related to depression, anxiety, satisfaction, and harmony. In Phase 2, another set of participants summarized the emotions described in the narratives of Phase 1 in five descriptive words and rating scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, SWLS, and HILS). The words were quantified with a natural language processing model (i.e., LSA) and classified with machine learning (i.e., multinomial regression). The results showed that the language-based responses can be more accurate in classifying the emotional states compared to the rating scales. The degree of alexithymia did not influence the correctness of classification based on words or rating scales, suggesting that QCLA is not sensitive to alexithymia. However, narratives generated by people with high alexithymia were more difficult to classify than those generated by people with low alexithymia. These results suggest that the assessment of mental health may be improved by language-based responses analyzed by computational methods compared to currently used rating scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lotta Stille
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Amorim R, Soares P, Chavarria D, Benfeito S, Cagide F, Teixeira J, Oliveira PJ, Borges F. Decreasing the burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: From therapeutic targets to drug discovery opportunities. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116723. [PMID: 39163775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presents a pervasive global pandemic, affecting approximately 25 % of the world's population. This grave health issue not only demands urgent attention but also stands as a significant economic concern on a global scale. The genesis of NAFLD can be primarily attributed to unhealthy dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle, albeit certain genetic factors have also been recorded to contribute to its occurrence. NAFLD is characterized by fat accumulation in more than 5 % of hepatocytes according to histological analysis, or >5.6 % of lipid volume fraction in total liver weight in patients. The pathophysiology of NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is multifactorial and the mechanisms underlying the progression to advanced forms remain unclear, thereby representing a challenge to disease therapy. Despite the substantial efforts from the scientific community and the large number of pre-clinical and clinical trials performed so far, only one drug was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat NAFLD/NASH specifically. This review provides an overview of available information concerning emerging molecular targets and drug candidates tested in clinical studies for the treatment of NAFLD/NASH. Improving our understanding of NAFLD pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy is crucial not only to explore new molecular targets, but also to potentiate drug discovery programs to develop new therapeutic strategies. This knowledge endeavours scientific efforts to reduce the time for achieving a specific and effective drug for NAFLD or NASH management and improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Soares
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Wu Q, Li T, Cui Y, Jiang H, Fu Y, Jiang Q, Ding X. Unveiling clinicopathologic features and outcomes for endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer at gastric angulus in China. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:924. [PMID: 39080615 PMCID: PMC11290107 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With advances in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique, an increasing number of the Chinese population are being diagnosed with early gastric cancers (EGCs) at gastric angulus. However, the relationship between gastric angulus and EGCs remains obscure. OBJECTIVES We aimed to unveil the unreported location characteristics of gastric angulus in Chinese EGC patients and the correlation between the degree of submucosal fibrosis and ESD outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of EGC patients treated with ESD from January 2010 to March 2023. We retrospectively investigated and analyzed 740 EGC patients using multiple analyses. RESULTS Following gastric antrum (53.1%), the gastric angulus (21.8%) emerged as the second-most prevalent site for EGCs. It had highest incidence of severe submucosal fibrosis and ulceration than the other parts. Multivariate analysis showed independent associations of submucosal fibrosis at the angulus with ulceration (OR: 3.714, 95% CI: 1.041-13.249), procedure duration (OR: 1.037, 95% CI: 1.014-1.061), and perforation complication (OR: 14.611, 95% CI: 1.626-131.277) (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The gastric angulus demonstrates the highest incidence of severe submucosal fibrosis and ulceration for EGCs identified by ESD. This condition is linked to unfavorable outcomes, typically increased perforation risks and prolonged operation duration. Therefore, meticulous dissection is crucial for patients with EGCs in the gastric angulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Tongyu Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Department of Histopathology, Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center, No. 685 North Huancheng Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315021, China
| | - Haizhong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Yangbo Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, No. 59, Liuting Street, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China.
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Ritter M, Yomade O, Holtz BO, Deinhardt-Emmer S, McLean AL, Hartinger S, Bechwar J, Schwab M, Huss A, Mawrin C, Axer H, Schrenk KG, Reuken PA, Mäurer I. Chronic hepatitis E virus-induced spinal cord atrophy in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia: a case report and interdisciplinary management proposal. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1445944. [PMID: 39131153 PMCID: PMC11310032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1445944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause acute viral hepatitis with or without neurological manifestations, and occasionally progresses to chronic infection in immunocompromised individuals. The management of chronic HEV infection in cancer patients may be challenging due to the complex immunological constellation. Furthermore, the diagnostic workflow and the impact on quality of life of neurological HEV manifestations in immunocompromised patients have not been sufficiently delineated previously. Case description A 61-year-old male with systemically treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) experienced a slowly progressive atrophy of the spinal cord due to a chronic HEV infection. Despite continuous antiviral treatment with ribavirin, the patient's neurological condition continued to deteriorate, particularly following subsequent attempts to treat CLL. Treatment with obinutuzumab resulted in acute bowel and urinary retention and a further deterioration of motor skills, prompting the discontinuation of obinutuzumab. The patient's neurological status improved after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulins. Conclusion This case study provides a comprehensive long-term follow-up of a cancer patient with chronic HEV infection and associated CNS involvement, which resulted in progressive neurological disability over several years. The challenges faced in diagnosing new neurological symptoms in patients undergoing immunosuppressive cancer treatment underscore the need for an interdisciplinary diagnostic approach that includes HEV testing. We propose a diagnostic pathway for future validation in immunocompromised cohorts presenting with neurological symptoms, emphasizing its potential to enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Ritter
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Olaposi Yomade
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena, Germany
| | - Ben-Ole Holtz
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Aaron Lawson McLean
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hartinger
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bechwar
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - André Huss
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Hubertus Axer
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Karin G. Schrenk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Reuken
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Clinic of Internal Medicine IV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Irina Mäurer
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena, Germany
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Demir O, Demirag G, Cakmak F, Bayraktar DI, Tokmak L. Hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets (HALP) score as a predictor of survival in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). BMC Neurol 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 39061000 PMCID: PMC11282806 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate whether the HALP score was a predictor of survival in patients with Glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS A total of 84 Glioblastoma (GBM) patients followed in our clinic were included in the study. HALP scores were calculated using the preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet results of the patients. For the HALP score, a cut-off value was found by examining the area below the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Patients were divided into two groups as low and high according to this cut-off value. The relationships among the clinical, dermographic and laboratory parameters of the patients were examined using these two groups. RESULTS Median OS, PFS, HALP score, NLR, PLR were 15 months (1.0-78.0), 8 months (1.0-66.0), 37.39 ± 23.84 (min 6.00-max 132.31), 4.14, 145.07 respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between HALP score and OS, PFS, NLR, PLR, ECOG-PS status using Spearman's rho test (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.026 respectively). For the HALP score, a cut-off value of = 37.39 (AUC = 0.698, 95% CI, p < 0.002) was found using ROC analysis. Median OS was 12 (6.99-17.01) months in the low HALP group and 21 (11.37-30.63) months in the high HALP group (p = 0.117). NLR and PLR were significantly lower in the HALP high group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively). The ratio of receiving treatment was significantly higher in the high HALP group (p < 0.05). In Multivariate analysis, significant results were found for treatment status and ECOG-PS status (p < 0.001, p = 0.038 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The HALP score measured at the beginning of treatment seems to have predictive importance in the prognosis of GBM patients. A HALP score of > 37.39 was associated with prolonged survival in high-grade brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozden Demir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Guzin Demirag
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Furkan Cakmak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Demet Işık Bayraktar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Leman Tokmak
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Raja SM, Guptill JT, Mack M, Peterson M, Byard S, Twieg R, Jordan L, Rich N, Castledine R, Bourne S, Wilmshurst M, Oxendine S, Avula SGC, Zuleta H, Quigley P, Lawson S, McQuaker SJ, Ahmadkhaniha R, Appelbaum LG, Kowalski K, Barksdale CT, Gufford BT, Awan A, Sancho AR, Moore MC, Berrada K, Cogan GB, DeLaRosa J, Radcliffe J, Pao M, Kennedy M, Lawrence Q, Goldfeder L, Amanfo L, Zanos P, Gilbert JR, Morris PJ, Moaddel R, Gould TD, Zarate CA, Thomas CJ. A Phase 1 Assessment of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 39054770 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
(R,S)-Ketamine (ketamine) is a dissociative anesthetic that also possesses analgesic and antidepressant activity. Undesirable dissociative side effects and misuse potential limit expanded use of ketamine in several mental health disorders despite promising clinical activity and intensifying medical need. (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine (RR-HNK) is a metabolite of ketamine that lacks anesthetic and dissociative activity but maintains antidepressant and analgesic activity in multiple preclinical models. To enable future assessments in selected human indications, we report the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of RR-HNK in a Phase 1 study in healthy volunteers (NCT04711005). A six-level single-ascending dose (SAD) (0.1-4 mg/kg) and a two-level multiple ascending dose (MAD) (1 and 2 mg/kg) study was performed using a 40-minute IV administration emulating the common practice for ketamine administration for depression. Safety assessments showed RR-HNK possessed a minimal adverse event profile and no serious adverse events at all doses examined. Evaluations of dissociation and sedation demonstrated that RR-HNK did not possess anesthetic or dissociative characteristics in the doses examined. RR-HNK PK parameters were measured in both the SAD and MAD studies and exhibited dose-proportional increases in exposure. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) measurements collected as a PD parameter based on preclinical findings and ketamine's established effect on gamma-power oscillations demonstrated increases of gamma power in some participants at the lower/mid-range doses examined. Cerebrospinal fluid examination confirmed RR-HNK exposure within the central nervous system (CNS). Collectively, these data demonstrate RR-HNK is well tolerated with an acceptable PK profile and promising PD outcomes to support the progression into Phase 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti M Raja
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Guptill
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Argenx BV, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michelle Mack
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Twieg
- Labcorp Bioanalytical Services, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lynn Jordan
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah Oxendine
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Helen Zuleta
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lawrence G Appelbaum
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Kowalski
- Labcorp Bioanalytical Services, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Brandon T Gufford
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Asaad Awan
- Office of the Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alfredo R Sancho
- Office of the Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Max C Moore
- Drug Discovery and Development Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Karim Berrada
- Drug Discovery and Development Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory B Cogan
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jesse DeLaRosa
- Duke Early Phase Research Unit, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeanne Radcliffe
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maryland Pao
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa Goldfeder
- Office of the Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Leslie Amanfo
- Office of the Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Panos Zanos
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Jessica R Gilbert
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick J Morris
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd D Gould
- Department of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Sun Y, Jiang W, Liao X, Wang D. Hallmarks of perineural invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: new biological dimensions. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1421067. [PMID: 39119085 PMCID: PMC11307098 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1421067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with a high metastatic potential. Perineural invasion (PNI) occurs in the early stages of PDAC with a high incidence rate and is directly associated with a poor prognosis. It involves close interaction among PDAC cells, nerves and the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we detailed discuss PNI-related pain, six specific steps of PNI, and treatment of PDAC with PNI and emphasize the importance of novel technologies for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaquan Sun
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Chang LA, Schotsaert M. Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:224-243. [PMID: 38289826 PMCID: PMC11288382 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are a critical type of immune cell and central players in type 2 immunity. Existing literature suggests that eosinophils also can play a role in host antiviral responses, typically type 1 immune events, against multiple respiratory viruses, both directly through release of antiviral mediators and indirectly through activation of other effector cell types. One way to prime host immune responses toward effective antiviral responses is through vaccination, where typically a type 1-skewed immunity is desirable in the context of intracellular pathogens like respiratory viruses. In the realm of breakthrough respiratory viral infection in vaccinated hosts, an event in which virus can still establish productive infection despite preexisting immunity, eosinophils are most prominently known for their link to vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease upon natural respiratory syncytial virus infection. This was observed in a pediatric cohort during the 1960s following vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus. More recent research has unveiled additional roles of the eosinophil in respiratory viral infection and breakthrough infection. The specific contribution of eosinophils to the quality of vaccine responses, vaccine efficacy, and antiviral responses to infection in vaccinated hosts remains largely unexplored, especially regarding their potential roles in protection. On the basis of current findings, we will speculate upon the suggested function of eosinophils and consider the many potential ways by which eosinophils may exert protective and pathological effects in breakthrough infections. We will also discuss how to balance vaccine efficacy with eosinophil-related risks, as well as the use of eosinophils and their products as potential biomarkers of vaccine efficacy or adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Chang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1630, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States
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Duan JL, Yang J, Zhang YL, Huang WT. Amelanotic primary cervical malignant melanoma: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:953-960. [PMID: 39071457 PMCID: PMC11271727 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i7.953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix (PMMC) is an extremely rare disease that originates from primary cervical malignant melanoma and frequently represents a challenge in disease diagnosis due to unclarified clinical and histological presentations, particularly those without melanin. CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a case of amelanotic PMMC, with a history of breast cancer and thyroid carcinoma. The patient was finally diagnosed by immunohistochemical staining and staged as IB2 based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics with reference to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and was treated with radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. She then received combination therapy consisting of immunotherapy with tislelizumab and radiofrequency hyperthermia. She has remained free of disease for more than 1 year. CONCLUSION The differential diagnosis process reenforced the notion that immunohistochemical staining is the most reliable approach for amelanotic PMMC diagnosis. Due to the lack of established therapeutic guidelines, empirical information from limited available studies does not provide the rationale for treatment-decision making. By integrating 'omics' technologies and patient-derived xenografts or mini-patient-derived xenograft models this will help to identify selective therapeutic window(s) and screen the appropriate therapeutics for targeted therapies, immune checkpoint blockade or combination therapy strategies effectively and precisely that will ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lin Duan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200332, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200332, China
| | - Yong-Long Zhang
- Laboratory of Targeted Therapy and Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wen-Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200332, China
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Petran EM, Periferakis A, Troumpata L, Periferakis AT, Scheau AE, Badarau IA, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Sima RM, Calina D, Constantin C, Neagu M, Caruntu C, Scheau C. Capsaicin: Emerging Pharmacological and Therapeutic Insights. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7895-7943. [PMID: 39194685 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin, the most prominent pungent compound of chilli peppers, has been used in traditional medicine systems for centuries; it already has a number of established clinical and industrial applications. Capsaicin is known to act through the TRPV1 receptor, which exists in various tissues; capsaicin is hepatically metabolised, having a half-life correlated with the method of application. Research on various applications of capsaicin in different formulations is still ongoing. Thus, local capsaicin applications have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, while systemic applications have a multitude of different effects because their increased lipophilic character ensures their augmented bioavailability. Furthermore, various teams have documented capsaicin's anti-cancer effects, proven both in vivo and in vitro designs. A notable constraint in the therapeutic effects of capsaicin is its increased toxicity, especially in sensitive tissues. Regarding the traditional applications of capsaicin, apart from all the effects recorded as medicinal effects, the application of capsaicin in acupuncture points has been demonstrated to be effective and the combination of acupuncture and capsaicin warrants further research. Finally, capsaicin has demonstrated antimicrobial effects, which can supplement its anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children's Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamprini Troumpata
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Romina-Marina Sima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- The "Bucur" Maternity, "Saint John" Hospital, 040294 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 76201 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, "Prof. N.C. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
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Pang NQ, Chan ACY, Kow AWC. Trends of liver transplantation in Asia. Updates Surg 2024:10.1007/s13304-024-01924-1. [PMID: 39046632 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-024-01924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) in Asia started comparatively early in 1964, just 1 year after Starzl's trail-blazing first attempt. Despite the quick start, LT was slow to develop in this region. Limited access to universal healthcare, lack of public understanding and support as well as the absence of strong legislation, on a backdrop of a wide range of diverse social, religious, economic and cultural background are all contributory factors. Through strong administrative efforts, the number of DDLTs in selected Asian countries has been slowly rising in recent years. However, Asians are generally still less likely to donate organs than Caucasians after death. The strong demand for LT with limited access to deceased organs has, therefore, led to constant need for innovation in LT this region, with the pioneering of various LDLT techniques and safe expansion of donor pool being driven primarily by Asian centers. Familiarity and the development of technical expertise in donor surgery have also resulted in Asian centers repeatedly pushing the boundaries on minimally invasive donor and recipient surgery. In this article, we focus on the past and present states of LT in Asia and explore the future trends of LT in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qi Pang
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, NUHS Tower Block, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Level 8, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation (NUCOT), National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert C Y Chan
- Division of Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alfred Wei Chieh Kow
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, NUHS Tower Block, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Level 8, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation (NUCOT), National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Wei N, Chen X, Liu D, Bu X, Wang G, Sun X, Zhang J. A multi-modality imaging strategy to determine the multiple in vivo fates of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at different periods of acute liver injury treatment. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39041357 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00914b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) are applied for disease therapy as a new type of drug in many countries. Their effects are not only presented by live cells, but also apoptotic bodies or cell fragments of dead cells. Therefore, it is meaningful to determine the multiple fates of HUCMSCs in vivo. Although various probes combining different imaging modalities have been developed to label and trace transplanted HUCMSCs in vivo, the status of the cells (live, dead, or apoptotic) was not distinguished, and a thorough understanding of the multiple fates of HUCMSCs after transplantation in vivo is lacking. Therefore, a magnetic resonance (MR)/near infrared fluorescent (NIRF)/bioluminescence (BI) multi-modality imaging strategy was developed. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were assembled into 100 nm nanoparticles using epigallocatechin gallate as a chemical linker to increase the MR signal and reduce the exocytosis of IONPs for direct cell labeling and longitudinal MR imaging tracking. Fluorescent probes for apoptosis (DEVD-Cy-OH) were also loaded in the above assemblies to monitor the cell status. Meanwhile, the cell surface was labeled with the fluorescent dye Cy7 via bioorthogonal reactions to visualize the NIRF signal. Luciferase was lentivirally transfected into live cells to generate bioluminescence. Such labeling did not affect either the viability, proliferation, migration, differentiation characteristics of HUCMSCs or their therapeutic effects on acute liver injury mice in vivo. The in vivo fates of HUCMSCs were monitored via MR/NIRF/BI multi-modality imaging in acute liver injury mice. Although MR and Cy7 signals aggregated in injured liver for 7 days, the BI signals persisted for less than 24 hours. There was an increase in DEVD-Cy-OH signals in the injured liver, but they were almost at the basal level. That means that HUCMSCs survive in mice for a short time, and the dead form of HUCMSCs accumulated in a large quantity and sustained for a long time, which might contribute to their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Danchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiangchao Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaolian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Meng X, Chen H, Tan Z, Yan W, Liu Y, Lv J, Han M. USP53 Affects the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating the Ubiquitination Level of ZMYND11. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:24. [PMID: 39044157 PMCID: PMC11264418 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy worldwide. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 53 (USP53) has been shown to exert cancer-suppressing functions in several solid tumors, but its role and the underlying mechanism in breast cancer has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, we have carried out a series of detailed studies on this matter at the levels of bioinformatics, clinical tissue, cell function and animal model. We found that USP53 expression was downregulated in breast cancer specimens and was negatively correlated with the clinical stages. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated USP53 inhibited proliferation, clonogenesis, cell cycle and xenograft growth, as well as induced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage of breast cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation data suggested that USP53 interacted with zinc finger MYND-type containing 11 (ZMYND11), and catalyzed its deubiquitination and stabilization. The 33-50 amino acid Cys-box domain was key for USP53 enzyme activity, but not essential for its binding with ZMYND11. The rescue experiments revealed that the anti-tumor role of USP53 in breast cancer cells was at least partially mediated by ZMYND11. Both USP53 and ZMYND11 were prognostic protective factors for breast cancer. USP53-ZMYND11 axis may be a good potential biomarker or therapeutic target for breast cancer, which can provide novel insights into the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchao Meng
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China
| | - Hongye Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Tan
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Yan
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China
| | - Yinfeng Liu
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China
| | - Ji Lv
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China.
| | - Meng Han
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, P. R. China.
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Rodriguez C, Chocarro L, Echaide M, Ausin K, Escors D, Kochan G. Fractalkine in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8007. [PMID: 39125578 PMCID: PMC11311528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
CX3CL1 is one of the 50 up-to-date identified and characterized chemokines. While other chemokines are produced as small, secreted proteins, CX3CL1 (fractalkine) is synthetized as a transmembrane protein which also leads to a soluble form produced as a result of proteolytic cleavage. The membrane-bound protein and the soluble forms exhibit different biological functions. While the role of the fractalkine/CX3CR1 signaling axis was described in the nervous system and was also related to the migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, its actions are controversial in cancer progression and anti-tumor immunity. In the present review, we first describe the known biology of fractalkine concerning its action through its cognate receptor, but also its role in the activation of different integrins. The second part of this review is dedicated to its role in cancer where we discuss its role in anti-cancer or procarcinogenic activities.
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Grants
- FIS PI23/00196 Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER
- FIS PI20/00010 Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER
- BMED 036-2023 Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra-FEDER, Spain
- LINTERNA, Ref. 0011-1411-2020-000033 Departamento de Industria, Gobierno de Navarra, Spain
- ARNMUNE, 0011-1411-2023-000111 Departamento de Industria, Gobierno de Navarra, Spain
- ISOLDA project, under grant agreement ID: 848166. Horizon 2020, European Union
- PFIS, FI21/00080 Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Escors
- Oncoimmunology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (C.R.); (L.C.); (M.E.); (K.A.)
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Oncoimmunology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (C.R.); (L.C.); (M.E.); (K.A.)
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Wang X, Wang Y, Lu W, Qu J, Zhang Y, Ye J. Effectiveness and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in preclinical animal models of hepatic fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1424253. [PMID: 39104627 PMCID: PMC11299041 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1424253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Liver damage due to long-term viral infection, alcohol consumption, autoimmune decline, and other factors could lead to the gradual development of liver fibrosis. Unfortunately, until now, there has been no effective treatment for liver fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells, as a promising new therapy for liver fibrosis, can slow the progression of fibrosis by migrating to the site of liver injury and by altering the microenvironment of the fibrotic area. Aim By including all relevant studies to date to comprehensively assess the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis and to explore considerations for clinical translation and therapeutic mechanisms. Methods Data sources included PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and were constructed until October 2023. Data for each study outcome indicator were extracted for comprehensive analysis. Results The overall meta-analysis showed that mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved liver function. Moreover, it inhibited the expression level of transforming growth factor-β [SMD = 4.21, 95% CI (3.02,5.40)], which in turn silenced hepatic stellate cells and significantly reduced the area of liver fibrosis [SMD = 3.61, 95% CI (1.41,5.81)]. Conclusion Several outcome indicators suggest that mesenchymal stem cells therapy is relatively reliable in the treatment of liver fibrosis. The therapeutic effect is cell dose-dependent over a range of doses, but not more effective at higher doses. Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were more effective in treating liver fibrosis than mesenchymal stem cells from other sources. Systematic Review Registration Identifier CRD42022354768.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wang
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Nursing, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenming Lu
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiayang Qu
- Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junsong Ye
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Sobirey R, Matuschewski N, Gross M, Lin M, Kao T, Kasolowsky V, Strazzabosco M, Stein S, Savic LJ, Gebauer B, Jaffe A, Duncan J, Madoff DC, Chapiro J. Tumor response assessment in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: imaging biomarkers for clinical decision-making. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10955-6. [PMID: 39033181 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of 1D and 3D tumor response assessment for predicting median overall survival (mOS) in patients who underwent immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Patients with HCC who underwent immunotherapy between 2017 and 2023 and received multi-phasic contrast-enhanced MRIs pre- and post-treatment were included in this retrospective study. Tumor response was measured using 1D, RECIST 1.1, and mRECIST, and 3D, volumetric, and percentage quantitative EASL (vqEASL and %qEASL). Patients were grouped into disease control vs progression and responders vs non-responders. Kaplan-Meier curves analyzed with log-rank tests assessed the predictive value for mOS. Cox regression modeling evaluated the association of clinical baseline parameters with mOS. RESULTS This study included 37 patients (mean age, 69.1 years [SD, 8.0]; 33 men). The mOS was 16.9 months. 3D vqEASL and %qEASL successfully stratified patients into disease control and progression (vqEASL: HR 0.21, CI: 0.55-0.08, p < 0.001; %qEASL: HR 0.18, CI: 0.83-0.04, p = 0.013), as well as responder and nonresponder (vqEASL: HR 0.25, CI: 0.08-0.74, p = 0.007; %qEASL: HR 0.17, CI: 0.04-0.72, p = 0.007) for predicting mOS. The 1D criteria, mRECIST stratified into disease control and progression only (HR 0.24, CI: 0.65-0.09, p = 0.002), and RECIST 1.1 showed no predictive value in either stratification. Multivariate Cox regression identified alpha-fetoprotein > 500 ng/mL as a predictor for poor mOS (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION The 3D quantitative enhancement-based response assessment tool qEASL can predict overall survival in patients undergoing immunotherapy for HCC and could identify non-responders. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Using 3D quantitative enhancement-based tumor response criteria (qEASL), radiologists' predictions of tumor response in patients undergoing immunotherapy for HCC can be further improved. KEY POINTS MRI-based tumor response criteria predict immunotherapy survival benefits in HCC patients. 3D tumor response assessment methods surpass current evaluation criteria in predicting overall survival during HCC immunotherapy. Enhancement-based 3D tumor response criteria are robust prognosticators of survival for HCC patients on immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Sobirey
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nickolai Matuschewski
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gross
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - MingDe Lin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Visage Imaging Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tabea Kao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Kasolowsky
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stacey Stein
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lynn Jeanette Savic
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Gebauer
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ariel Jaffe
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James Duncan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David C Madoff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julius Chapiro
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Sun Y, Kong D, Zhang Q, Xiang R, Lu S, Feng L, Zhang H. DNA methylation biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03601-6. [PMID: 39026026 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Lymph node metastasis is an important marker of colorectal cancer progression and plays a key role in the evaluation of patient prognosis. Accurate preoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis is crucial for devising appropriate treatment plans. However, current clinical imaging methods have limitations in many aspects. Therefore, the discovery of a method for accurately predicting lymph node metastasis is crucial clinical decision-making. DNA methylation is a common epigenetic modification that can regulate gene expression, which also has an important impact on the development of colorectal cancer. It is considered to be a promising biomarker with good specificity and stability and has promising application in predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. This article reviews the characteristics and limitations of currently available methods for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer and discusses the role of DNA methylation as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Deyang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Renshen Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shuaibing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Haizeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Zhao Q, Wei T, Ma R, Fu Y, Yang R, Su Y, Yu Y, Li B, Li Y. Progress on immuno-microenvironment and immune-related therapies in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Cancer Biol Med 2024; 21:j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0109. [PMID: 39026438 PMCID: PMC11271218 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is an indolent malignant syndrome. The standard treatment for PMP is cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (CRS + HIPEC). However, the high recurrence rate and latent clinical symptoms and signs are major obstacles to further improving clinical outcomes. Moreover, patients in advanced stages receive little benefit from CRS + HIPEC due to widespread intraperitoneal metastases. Another challenge in PMP treatment involves the progressive sclerosis of PMP cell-secreted mucus, which is often increased due to activating mutations in the gene coding for guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha subunit (GNAS). Consequently, the development of other PMP therapies is urgently needed. Several immune-related therapies have shown promise, including the use of bacterium-derived non-specific immunogenic agents, radio-immunotherapeutic agents, and tumor cell-derived neoantigens, but a well-recognized immunotherapy has not been established. In this review the roles of GNAS mutations in the promotion of mucin secretion and disease development are discussed. In addition, the immunologic features of the PMP microenvironment and immune-associated treatments are discussed to summarize the current understanding of key features of the disease and to facilitate the development of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Tian Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yandong Su
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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Robinson K, Atkinson MJ, Kylišová K, Egan SJ, Shafran R, Wade TD. Pilot implementation of an evidence-based online cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism in university students: Lessons learnt. Stress Health 2024:e3444. [PMID: 39024044 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) have been met with an unprecedented demand on their student counselling and wellbeing services in recent years with the impacts of COVID-19 and high rates of mental health concerns amongst student populations. Online mental health programs offer one solution by providing students with quick and easy access to effective therapeutic content. The Focused Minds Program is an evidence-based eight-module online self-guided cognitive behavioural intervention that targets the transdiagnostic risk factor of perfectionism and has been shown to decrease depression, anxiety, and disordered eating. The program was implemented at a UK university between 2021 and 2023. Recruitment occurred via departmental emails, academic staff, and the university's counselling staff and website. Participants were provided with access to the intervention for 6-weeks and completed weekly surveys of psychosocial measures. The trial's implementation was assessed using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework: reach (uptake via the recruitment channels), effectiveness (outcomes on psychometric measures of mental wellbeing), adoption (staff and organisational support), implementation (intervention engagement and attrition), and maintenance (continued implementation across the trial period). Key barriers to successful implementation, as well as proposed solutions, are discussed to guide future online mental health interventions provided in HEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Robinson
- Flinders University Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa J Atkinson
- Department of Psychology, Bath Centre for Mindfulness and Community, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Kateřina Kylišová
- Department of Psychology, Bath Centre for Mindfulness and Community, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Sarah J Egan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roz Shafran
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tracey D Wade
- Flinders University Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Skovsgaard CB, Møller A, Bjerre JV, Kampmann U, Kyng KJ. Diabetes in pregnancy and offspring cardiac function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1404625. [PMID: 39091986 PMCID: PMC11291373 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1404625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with impaired offspring cardiac function. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effect of diabetes in pregnancy on cardiac function in the offspring measured by echocardiography. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science databases were searched from 1992 to June 27, 2023. Studies reporting offspring (age < 18 years) cardiac function by echocardiography compared between any type of diabetes in pregnancy and healthy control pregnancies were included. Study selection, quality assessment and risk of bias was independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analyses was performed where possible. Results Thirty-one observational studies were included 1,679 cases and 2,694 controls. In the first week of life (23 studies, n = 2,663), intraventricular septum diastolic diameter (hypertrophy) was increased, while myocardial performance index (global function) and LV E/A-ratio (diastolic function) were decreased. No difference was found for left ventricular ejection fraction (systolic function). At 1-6 months (4 studies, n = 454) studies found hypertrophy, and decreased global function, but no difference in systolic or diastolic function. At 1-8 years (7 studies, n = 1,609) no difference was found. The available data did not allow for sub-analysis based on the type of diabetes, treatment, or glycemic control. Conclusions Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and impaired global cardiac function in infants up to six months old. The few studies reporting on older children found no difference in the parameters investigated. Longitudinal studies employing more advanced echocardiographic measures or MRI are needed to evaluate consequences for long-term cardiac health. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, identifier (CRD42022312471).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bjørn Skovsgaard
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna Møller
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Vandborg Bjerre
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Jacobsen Kyng
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lawrenz B, Ata B, Kalafat E, Del Gallego R, Selim S, Edades J, Fatemi H. Undetected, natural conception pregnancies in luteal phase stimulations-case series and review of literature. Hum Reprod 2024:deae165. [PMID: 39018559 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the risk of an undetected natural conception pregnancy during luteal phase ovarian stimulation, and how does it impact the pregnancy's course? SUMMARY ANSWER The risk for an undetected, natural conception pregnancy in luteal phase ovarian stimulation is low and it appears that ovarian stimulation is unlikely to harm the pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Random start ovarian stimulation appears to be similarly effective as early follicular stimulation start; and it allows ovarian stimulation to be started independent of the cycle day and throughout the cycle, in accordance with the patients' and clinics' schedule as long as there is no intention of a fresh embryo transfer in the same cycle. Starting ovarian stimulation in the luteal phase bears the possibility of an-at the timepoint of stimulation start-undetected, natural conception pregnancy that has already occurred. There is scarce data on the incidence of this event as well as on the possible implications of ovarian stimulation on the course of an existing pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This retrospective observational study, performed between June 2017 and January 2024, analyzed luteal phase stimulations, in which a natural conception pregnancy was detected during the ovarian stimulation treatment for IVF/ICSI. Luteal phase stimulation was defined as ovarian stimulation started after ovulation and before the next expected menstrual bleeding, with a serum progesterone (P4) level of >1.5 ng/ml on the day of stimulation start or 1 day before. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women who underwent a luteal phase ovarian stimulation in a tertiary referral ART center. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 488 luteal phase stimulation cycles were included in the analysis. Luteal phase stimulation was only started after a negative serum hCG measurement on the day or 1 day before commencement of ovarian stimulation. Ten patients (2.1%) had an undetected natural conception pregnancy at the time of luteal phase stimulation start. Eight of these patients underwent an ovarian stimulation in a GnRH-antagonist protocol and two in a progestin-primed stimulation protocol (PPOS). Recombinant FSH was used as stimulation medication for all patients, the patients with a PPOS protocol received additional recombinant LH. One pregnancy (0.2%) was detected after the oocyte retrieval, the other nine pregnancies were detected either due to persistent high serum progesterone levels or due to an increasing progesterone level after an initial decrease before oocyte retrieval. In the cycles with an undetected natural conception pregnancy, the median number of stimulation days was 8 days (range: 6-11 days) and median serum hCG at detection of pregnancy was 59 IU hCG (range: 14.91-183.1). From 10 patients with a pregnancy, three patients delivered a healthy baby, two patients had ongoing pregnancies at the time of summarizing the data, three patients had biochemical pregnancies (patient age: 30, 39, and 42 years), one patient had an ectopic pregnancy which required a salpingectomy, and one patient (age: 34 years) had an early pregnancy loss. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The retrospective study design and the small sample size can limit the accuracy of the estimates. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Overall, there is a small risk of undetected natural conception pregnancies when luteal phase stimulation is undertaken. It appears that there are no adverse effects through either direct effect on the embryo or indirectly through a detrimental effect on the corpus luteum function on the pregnancy in our cohort. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study did not receive funding. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lawrenz
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Reproductive Unit, UZ Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - B Ata
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Dubai, UAE
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Kalafat
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Del Gallego
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - S Selim
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - J Edades
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - H Fatemi
- IVF Department, ART Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Siddiqui MT, Shaukat F, Khan MR, Zahid N, Arbani S. Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Patients and Its Association With Anxiety and Depression: Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Low Middle Income Country. J Surg Res 2024; 301:336-344. [PMID: 39018953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) and its therapy profoundly affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients. The emotional distress: anxiety and depression also negatively affect wellbeing of these patients. This study aims to evaluate the QoL, anxiety, and depression in CRC patients and their association with clinic-pathological features at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan, a low middle income country. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on adult CRC patients. QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL questionnaire C30 and CR29. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score was used to evaluate the anxiety and depression. Analyses were performed using STATA version 12, including multivariable linear and multivariate analysis of variance. A P value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS A total of 127 CRC patients with mean age of 53 ± 15 y participated. Mean global QoL score was 69.08 ± 1.78. Among symptoms scales: stoma care problem and among functional scales: sexual interest (women > men) were the most significantly affected aspect. Anxiety and depression were seen in 26 (20.9%) and 24 (18.9%) patients, respectively. Lower global QoL was significantly associated with depression (-25.33 [95% confidence interval: -34.4, -16.23]), on adjuvant treatment (-15.14 [-21.84, -8.44]), and neoadjuvant treatment (-11.75 [-19.84, -3.65]). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study assessing the QoL in CRC patients in Pakistan. Depression was found to be significantly associated with poor QoL. Numerous factors correlated with low QoL scores indicating the need to develop local guidelines to address psychological distress in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatima Shaukat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cyberknife and Tomotherpay Centre, Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | - Nida Zahid
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Arbani
- Department of Oncology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Li Y, Chen Y, Wang D, Wu L, Li T, An N, Yang H. Elucidating the multifaceted role of MGAT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma: integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal novel therapeutic insights. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1442722. [PMID: 39081317 PMCID: PMC11286416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1442722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Glycosyltransferase-associated genes play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. This study investigates their impact on the tumor microenvironment and molecular mechanisms, offering insights into innovative immunotherapeutic strategies for HCC. Methods We utilized cutting-edge single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to examine HCC heterogeneity. Four single-cell scoring techniques were employed to evaluate glycosyltransferase genes. Spatial transcriptomic findings were validated, and bulk RNA-seq analysis was conducted to identify prognostic glycosyltransferase-related genes and potential immunotherapeutic targets. MGAT1's role was further explored through various functional assays. Results Our analysis revealed diverse cell subpopulations in HCC with distinct glycosyltransferase gene activities, particularly in macrophages. Key glycosyltransferase genes specific to macrophages were identified. Temporal analysis illustrated macrophage evolution during tumor progression, while spatial transcriptomics highlighted reduced expression of these genes in core tumor macrophages. Integrating scRNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomics, MGAT1 emerged as a promising therapeutic target, showing significant potential in HCC immunotherapy. Conclusion This comprehensive study delves into glycosyltransferase-associated genes in HCC, elucidating their critical roles in cellular dynamics and immune cell interactions. Our findings open new avenues for immunotherapeutic interventions and personalized HCC management, pushing the boundaries of HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danqiong Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Tumor Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Na An
- Department of General Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haikun Yang
- The Gastroenterology Department, Shanxi Provincial People Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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He JY, Cao MX, Li EZ, Hu C, Zhang YQ, Zhang RL, Cheng XD, Xu ZY. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2960-2970. [PMID: 39072177 PMCID: PMC11271770 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i7.2960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis (LNM) significantly impacts the treatment and prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). Consequently, the precise prediction of LNM risk in EGC patients is essential to guide the selection of appropriate surgical approaches in clinical settings. AIM To develop a novel nomogram risk model for predicting LNM in EGC patients, utilizing preoperative clinicopathological data. METHODS Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the correlation between clinicopathological factors and LNM in EGC patients. Additionally, univariate Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess the influence of clinical factors on EGC prognosis. A predictive model in the form of a nomogram was developed, and its discrimination ability and calibration were also assessed. RESULTS The incidence of LNM in the study cohort was 19.6%. Multivariate logistic regression identified tumor size, location, degree of differentiation, and pathological type as independent risk factors for LNM in EGC patients. Both tumor pathological type and LNM independently affected the prognosis of EGC. The model's performance was reflected by an area under the curve of 0.750 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.701-0.789] for the training group and 0.763 (95%CI: 0.687-0.838) for the validation group. CONCLUSION A clinical prediction model was constructed (using tumor size, low differentiation, location in the middle-lower region, and signet ring cell carcinoma), with its score being a significant prognosis indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang He
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - En-Ze Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
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Seow D, Khor YH, Khung SW, Smallwood DM, Ng Y, Pascoe A, Smallwood N. High-flow nasal oxygen therapy compared with conventional oxygen therapy in hospitalised patients with respiratory illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e002342. [PMID: 39009460 PMCID: PMC11268052 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNO) is used in diverse hospital settings to treat patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). This systematic review aims to summarise the evidence regarding any benefits HFNO therapy has compared with conventional oxygen therapy (COT) for patients with ARF. METHODS Three databases (Embase, Medline and CENTRAL) were searched on 22 March 2023 for studies evaluating HFNO compared with COT for the treatment of ARF, with the primary outcome being hospital mortality and secondary outcomes including (but not limited to) escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (randomised controlled trials (RCTs)), ROBINS-I (non-randomised trials) or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (observational studies). RCTs and observational studies were pooled together for primary analyses, and secondary analyses used RCT data only. Treatment effects were pooled using the random effects model. RESULTS 63 studies (26 RCTs, 13 cross-over and 24 observational studies) were included, with 10 230 participants. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome of hospital mortality (risk ratio, RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.26; p=0.29; 17 studies, n=5887) between HFNO and COT for all causes ARF. However, compared with COT, HFNO significantly reduced the overall need for escalation to IMV (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.95 p=0.003; 39 studies, n=8932); and overall need for escalation to NIV (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.98; p=0.04; 16 studies, n=3076). In subgroup analyses, when considering patients by illness types, those with acute-on-chronic respiratory failure who received HFNO compared with COT had a significant reduction in-hospital mortality (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.91; p=0.02). DISCUSSION HFNO was superior to COT in reducing the need for escalation to both IMV and NIV but had no impact on the primary outcome of hospital mortality. These findings support recommendations that HFNO may be considered as first-line therapy for ARF. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021264837.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Seow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yet H Khor
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Su-Wei Khung
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Smallwood
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Western Health, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yvonne Ng
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Pascoe
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natasha Smallwood
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wang P, Li R, Ma J, Zhang W, Shen H, Ren Y, Zhang X, Li S, Chi B. Facilitating safe and sustained submucosal lift through an endoscopically injectable shear-thinning carboxymethyl starch sodium hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 336:122128. [PMID: 38670759 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Traditional submucosal filling materials frequently show insufficient lifting height and duration during clinical procedures. Here, the anionic polysaccharide polymer sodium carboxymethyl starch and cationic Laponite to prepare a hydrogel with excellent shear-thinning ability through physical cross-linking, so that it can achieve continuous improvement of the mucosal cushion through endoscopic injection. The results showed that the hydrogel (56.54 kPa) had a lower injection pressure compared to MucoUp (68.56 kPa). The height of submucosal lifting height produced by hydrogel was higher than MucoUp, and the height maintenance ability after 2 h was 3.20 times that of MucoUp. At the same time, the hydrogel also showed satisfactory degradability and biosafety, completely degrading within 200 h. The hemolysis rate is as low as 0.76 %, and the cell survival rate > 80 %. Subcutaneous implantation experiments confirmed that the hydrogel showed no obvious systemic toxicity. Animal experiments clearly demonstrated the in vivo feasibility of using hydrogels for submucosal uplift. Furthermore, successful endoscopic submucosal dissection was executed on a live pig stomach, affirming the capacity of hydrogel to safely and effectively facilitate submucosal dissection and mitigate adverse events, such as bleeding. These results indicate that shear-thinning hydrogels have a wide range applications as submucosal injection materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ruixue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Juping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haifeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yanhan Ren
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Xun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bo Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Wang X, Qu L, Chen J, Hu K, Zhou Z, Zhang J, An Y, Zheng J. Rhoptry proteins affect the placental barrier in the context of Toxoplasma gondii infection: Signaling pathways and functions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116567. [PMID: 38850700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic and pathogenic obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan that is widespread worldwide and can infect most warm-blooded animals, seriously endangering human health and affecting livestock production. Toxoplasmosis caused by T. gondii infection has different clinical manifestations, which are mainly determined by the virulence of T. gondii and host differences. Among the manifestations of this condition, abortion, stillbirth, and fetal malformation can occur if a woman is infected with T. gondii in early pregnancy. Here, we discuss how the T. gondii rhoptry protein affects host pregnancy outcomes and speculate on the related signaling pathways involved. The effects of rhoptry proteins of T. gondii on the placental barrier are complex. Rhoptry proteins not only regulate interferon-regulated genes (IRGs) to ensure the survival of parasites in activated cells but also promote the spread of worms in tissues and the invasive ability of the parasites. The functions of these rhoptry proteins and the associated signaling pathways highlight relevant mechanisms by which Toxoplasma crosses the placental barrier and influences fetal development and will guide future studies to uncover the complexity of the host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lai Qu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kaisong Hu
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengjie Zhou
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiming An
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Li H, Li F, Wang BS, Zhu BL. Prognostic significance of exportin-5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3069-3081. [PMID: 39072169 PMCID: PMC11271777 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i7.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As liver cancer often presents no noticeable symptoms in its early stages, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, complicating treatment. Therefore, the identification of new biomarkers is crucial for the early detection and treatment of HCC. Research on exportin-5 (XPO5) could offer new avenues for early diagnosis and improve treatment strategies. AIM To explore the role of XPO5 in HCC progression and its potential as a prognostic biomarker. METHODS This study assessed XPO5 mRNA expression in HCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas, TIMER, and International Cancer Genome Consortium databases, correlating it with clinical profiles and disease progression. We performed in vitro experiments to examine the effect of XPO5 on liver cell growth. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Ontology were used to elucidate the biological roles and signaling pathways. We also evaluated XPO5's impact on immune cell infiltration and validated its prognostic potential using machine learning. RESULTS XPO5 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, correlating with tumor grade, T-stage, and overall survival, indicating poor prognosis. Enrichment analyses linked high XPO5 expression with tumor immunity, particularly CD4 T cell memory activation and macrophage M0 infiltration. Drug sensitivity tests identified potential therapeutic agents such as MG-132, paclitaxel, and WH-4-023. Overexpression of XPO5 in HCC cells, compared to normal liver cells, was confirmed by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The lentiviral transduction-mediated knockdown of XPO5 significantly reduced cell proliferation and metastasis. Among the various machine learning algorithms, the C5.0 decision tree algorithm achieved accuracy rates of 95.5% in the training set and 92.0% in the validation set. CONCLUSION Our analysis shows that XPO5 expression is a reliable prognostic indicator for patients with HCC and is significantly associated with immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo-Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bao-Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Committee, Jiangsu Preventive Medical Association, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Public Health Sector, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Frey C, Etminan M. Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Atezolizumab: Insights from Real-World Pharmacovigilance Data. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:56. [PMID: 39051332 PMCID: PMC11270194 DOI: 10.3390/antib13030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The advancement of immuno-oncology has brought about a significant shift in cancer treatment methods, with antibody-based immune checkpoint inhibitors like atezolizumab leading the way in this regard. However, the use of this checkpoint blockade can result in immune-related adverse events due to increased T-cell activity. The full spectrum of these events is not yet completely understood. In this study, the United States FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was utilized to investigate immune-related adverse events linked with the use of atezolizumab. The study identified forty-nine immune-related adverse events that affected multiple organ systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, hematologic, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, neurologic, musculoskeletal, dermatologic, endocrine, and systemic disorders. The strongest signals for relative risk occurred for immune-mediated encephalitis (RR = 93.443), autoimmune myocarditis (RR = 56.641), immune-mediated hepatitis (RR = 49.062), immune-mediated nephritis (RR = 40.947), and autoimmune arthritis (RR = 39.382). Despite the morbidity associated with these adverse events, emerging evidence suggests potential associations with improved survival outcomes. Overall, this report sheds light on the widespread immune-related adverse events that cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer being treated with atezolizumab and brings attention to them for the clinicians treating these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Frey
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 317–2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mahyar Etminan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, BC V5Z 3N9, Canada;
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Wei X, Wang C, Tang S, Yang Q, Shen Z, Zhu J, Cheng X, Wang X, Xie X, Xu J, Lu W. RAD51B-AS1 promotes the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer through upregulation of RAD51B. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:581-593. [PMID: 39011678 PMCID: PMC11254684 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer (OC). However, the potential involvement of lncRNAs in the progression of OC is largely unknown. To investigate the detailed roles and mechanisms ofRAD51 homolog B-antisense 1 (RAD51B-AS1), a novel lncRNA in OC, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to verify the expression of RAD51B-AS1. Cellular proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis were detected using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony-formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Mouse xenograft models were established for the detection of tumorigenesis. The results revealed that RAD51B-AS1 was significantly upregulated in a highly metastatic human OC cell line and OC tissues. RAD51B-AS1 significantly increased the proliferation and metastasis of OC cells and enhanced their resistance to anoikis. Biogenetics prediction analysis revealed that the only target gene of RAD51B-AS1 was RAD51B. Subsequent gene function experiments revealed that RAD51B exerts the same biological effects as RAD51B-AS1. Rescue experiments demonstrated that the malignant biological behaviors promoted by RAD51B-AS1 overexpression were partially or completely reversed by RAD51B silencing in vitro and in vivo. Thus, RAD51B-AS1 promotes the malignant biological behaviors of OC and activates the protein kinase B (Akt)/B cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2) signaling pathway, and these effects may be associated with the positive regulation of RAD51B expression. RAD51B-AS1 is expected to serve as a novel molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of poor prognosis in OC, and as a potential therapeutic target for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wei
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Sangsang Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhangjin Shen
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Junfen Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Liang J, Wang J, Sui B, Tong Y, Chai J, Zhou Q, Zheng C, Wang H, Kong L, Zhang H, Bai Y. Ptip safeguards the epigenetic control of skeletal stem cell quiescence and potency in skeletogenesis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2099-2113. [PMID: 38493069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells remain in a quiescent state for long-term maintenance and preservation of potency; this process requires fine-tuning regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we identified the epigenetic landscape along the developmental trajectory of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in skeletogenesis governed by a key regulator, Ptip (also known as Paxip1, Pax interaction with transcription-activation domain protein-1). Our results showed that Ptip is required for maintaining the quiescence and potency of SSCs, and loss of Ptip in type II collagen (Col2)+ progenitors causes abnormal activation and differentiation of SSCs, impaired growth plate morphogenesis, and long bone dysplasia. We also found that Ptip suppressed the glycolysis of SSCs through downregulation of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1) by repressing histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at the promoter region. Notably, inhibition of glycolysis improved the function of SSCs despite Ptip deficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to establish an epigenetic framework based on Ptip, which safeguards skeletal stem cell quiescence and potency through metabolic control. This framework is expected to improve SSC-based treatments of bone developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Bingdong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yibo Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Chenxi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Haojian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Yi Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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146
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Tang XL, Xu ZY, Yang J, Yang Z, Wang ZG, Zhang ZY, Yao J. Assessing the suitability of video-assisted anal fistula treatment for obese patients compared to conventional surgery: a question worth investigating. Int J Colorectal Dis 2024; 39:108. [PMID: 39008124 PMCID: PMC11249763 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-024-04683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) is an innovative surgical approach enabling the direct visualization of the fistula tract structure. This study aims to assess the efficacy of VAAFT in comparison with that of traditional surgical methods and explore potential risk factors contributing to fistula recurrence to provide new recommendations for surgical selection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was collected from 100 patients with complex anal fistula (CAF) in our hospital who underwent surgical treatment from January 2021 to January 2023. We compared the baseline information and surgical outcomes of two groups, analyzed the risk factors for fistula recurrence by using logistic regression analysis, and conducted further exploration by using the body mass index. RESULTS Equal numbers of patients underwent VAAFT and traditional surgeries, and no significant differences in baseline information were observed. Patients who received VAAFT experienced less intraoperative bleeding (15.5 (14.0-20.0) vs. 32.0 (25.0-36.0)), shorter hospital stays (2.0 (2.0-2.5) vs. 3.0 (3.0-3.5)), reduced postoperative pain and wound discharge, but longer operative times (43.3 ± 6.9 vs. 35.0 (31.5-40.0)) compared with patients who underwent traditional surgeries. No significant differences in recurrence rates were found three and six months after operation (the p-values were 0.790 and 0.806, respectively). However, the Wexner scores of the VAAFT group were significantly low in the first follow-up (0 (0-1.0) vs. 2.0 (1.0-2.0)). Postoperative recurrence of fistulas may be associated with obesity (p-value = 0.040), especially in patients undergoing traditional surgeries (p-value = 0.036). CONCLUSION VAAFT offers advantages, such as less pain, less trauma, and faster recovery, compared with traditional surgical treatment. Obese patients with CAF are prone to recurrence, and we recommend that they undergo VAAFT treatment rather than traditional surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Tang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zi-Yang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zheng-Yun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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147
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Du Y, Tian H, Chen Z, Mao G, Shen Q, Jiang Q, Yin Y, Tao K, Zeng X, Zhang P. Analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis on primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16198. [PMID: 39003328 PMCID: PMC11246514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (PGASC) is a rare type of gastric cancer with limited research and poorly understood clinicopathological features. This study investigated the clinicopathological features and outcomes of PGASC. Patients with PGASC from Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and from the published literature were enrolled in this study. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified through Cox proportional hazards regression models. This study identified 76 eligible cases of PGASC, with 45 cases from published literature and 31 from our center. The most prevalent symptoms were abdominal pain and dysphagia, with a median age of 62 years (range: 29-84 years). The primary lesions were predominantly in the proximal stomach, with a median tumor size of 6.5 cm (range: 1.5-16.0 cm). Tumor stages II, III, and IV were detected in 12 (16.7%), 43 (59.7%), and 17 (23.6%) patients, respectively. Most tumors were poorly differentiated in both the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) component and adenocarcinoma (AC) component. The median survival time was 17 months (range: 2-122 months). The 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 60.7%, 31.1%, and 24.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that OS was independently predicted by the proportion of SCC component, differentiation of AC component, and tumor stage. PGASC is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. A high proportion of SCC components, low differentiated AC components, and advanced tumor were associated with worse survival in patients with PGASC. Adjuvant therapy did not improve survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hongkun Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gan Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuping Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiangyu Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Liu Y, Yang C, Zhang J, Ihsan A, Ares I, Martínez M, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Recent progress in adverse events of carboxylic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (CBA-NSAIDs) and their association with the metabolism: the consequences on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and prevention with natural plant extracts. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38980754 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2378885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carboxylic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (CBA-NSAIDs) are extensively used worldwide due to their antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects. CBA-NSAIDs have reasonable margin of safety at therapeutic doses, and in the current climate, do not possess addiction potential like opioid drugs. Studies have revealed that various adverse events of CBA-NSAIDs are related mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. AREAS COVERED This review article summarizes adverse events induced by CBA-NSAIDs, mechanisms of mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and metabolic interactions. Meanwhile, this review discusses the treatment and prevention of CBA-NSAIDs damage by natural plant extracts based on antioxidant effects. EXPERT OPINION CBA-NSAIDs can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mediate DNA, protein and lipid damage, lead to imbalance of cell antioxidant status, change of mitochondrial membrane potential, activate oxidative stress signal pathway, thus leading to oxidative stress and cell damage. Adverse events caused by CBA-NSAIDs often exhibit dose and time dependence. In order to avoid adverse events caused by CBA-NSAIDs, it is necessary to provide detailed patient consultation and eliminate influencing factors. Moreover, constructive research studies on the organ-specific toxicity and mechanism of natural plant extracts in preventing and treating metabolic abnormalities of CBA-NSAIDs, will provide important value for warning and guidance for use of CBA-NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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Tanim K, Holtzhausen A, Thapa A, Huelse JM, Graham DK, Earp HS. MERTK Inhibition as a Targeted Novel Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7660. [PMID: 39062902 PMCID: PMC11277220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this issue honoring the contributions of Greg Lemke, the Earp and Graham lab teams discuss several threads in the discovery, action, signaling, and translational/clinical potential of MERTK, originally called c-mer, a member of the TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. The 30-year history of the TAM RTK family began slowly as all three members were orphan RTKs without known ligands and/or functions when discovered by three distinct alternate molecular cloning strategies in the pre-genome sequencing era. The pace of understanding their physiologic and pathophysiologic roles has accelerated over the last decade. The activation of ligands bridging externalized phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) has placed these RTKs in a myriad of processes including neurodevelopment, cancer, and autoimmunity. The field is ripe for further advancement and this article hopefully sets the stage for further understanding and therapeutic intervention. Our review will focus on progress made through the collaborations of the Earp and Graham labs over the past 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.M. Tanim
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.M.T.); (A.T.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alisha Holtzhausen
- Lineburger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Aashis Thapa
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.M.T.); (A.T.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Justus M. Huelse
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.M.T.); (A.T.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Douglas K. Graham
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.M.T.); (A.T.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - H. Shelton Earp
- Lineburger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Lazarevic I, Miljanovic D, Banko A, Cupic M, Cirkovic A. Quantitative HBV Core Antibodies as a Prognostic Marker for HBeAg Seroclearance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Viruses 2024; 16:1121. [PMID: 39066283 PMCID: PMC11281513 DOI: 10.3390/v16071121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
During chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the seroclearance of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an important event and a significant surrogate endpoint of all current therapeutic strategies. The prediction of HBeAg seroclearance can help assess the benefits of therapy in patients during or before therapy initiation. The quantitation of HBV core antibodies (qAnti-HBc) is a new non-invasive biomarker for solving multiple diagnostic dilemmas. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that measured qAnti-HBc in patients who achieved HBeAg seroclearance were performed through PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS electronic database searches. Nineteen articles were included in the systematic review, comprising 3434 chronically infected patients (1014 with and 2420 without HBeAg seroclearance). Sixteen publications with data regarding qAnti-HBc levels were included in the meta-analysis. The baseline level of qAnti-HBc antibodies was significantly higher in patients with than without HBeAg seroclearance (SMD = 0.88, 95%CI SMD = 0.56-1.2, p < 0.001). The same conclusion was reached for patients originating from Asia (SMD = 0.94, 95%CI SMD = 0.55-1.33) and for the qAnti-HBc antibodies among adult HBV patients with therapy-induced HBeAg seroclearance (SMD = 0.90, 95%CI SMD = 0.54-1.25, p < 0.001). The systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence of the role of qAnti-HBc as a promising biomarker for predicting HBeAg seroclearance in chronically infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Lazarevic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Danijela Miljanovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Ana Banko
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Maja Cupic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.M.); (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Andja Cirkovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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