151
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Castro-Giráldez M, Toldrá F, Fito P. Low frequency dielectric measurements to assess post-mortem ageing of pork meat. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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152
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Mora L, Sentandreu MA, Toldrá F. Intense degradation of myosin light chain isoforms in Spanish dry-cured ham. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3884-3892. [PMID: 21410185 DOI: 10.1021/jf104070q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
One of the main biochemical changes that take place during the processing of dry-cured ham is the degradation of the muscle protein fraction, mainly due to the action of muscle enzymes. In the present study, the isolation and tentative identification of 137 fragments from myosin light chain 1 (MLC 1), together with 88 fragments originated from myosin light chain 2 (MLC 2), have been achieved for the first time in Spanish dry-cured ham, proving the intense proteolysis experienced by myofibrillar proteins after dry-cured processing. This study was carried out by use of proteomic technology for peptide identification, and the possible enzymes contributing to the degradation of these proteins were also further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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153
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Purification and partial characterization of ostrich skeletal muscle cathepsin D and its activity during meat maturation. Meat Sci 2011; 87:196-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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154
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Chen L, Feng XC, Lu F, Xu XL, Zhou GH, Li QY, Guo XY. Effects of camptothecin, etoposide and Ca2+ on caspase-3 activity and myofibrillar disruption of chicken during postmortem ageing. Meat Sci 2011; 87:165-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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155
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Aslan O, Sweeney T, Mullen AM, Hamill RM. Regulatory polymorphisms in the bovine Ankyrin 1 gene promoter are associated with tenderness and intramuscular fat content. BMC Genet 2010; 11:111. [PMID: 21159195 PMCID: PMC3022666 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-11-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent QTL and gene expression studies have highlighted ankyrins as positional and functional candidate genes for meat quality. Our objective was to characterise the promoter region of the bovine ankyrin 1 gene and to test polymorphisms for association with sensory and technological meat quality measures. Results Seven novel promoter SNPs were identified in a 1.11 kb region of the ankyrin 1 promoter in Angus, Charolais and Limousin bulls (n = 15 per breed) as well as 141 crossbred beef animals for which meat quality data was available. Eighteen haplotypes were inferred with significant breed variation in haplotype frequencies. The five most frequent SNPs and the four most frequent haplotypes were subsequently tested for association with sensory and technological measures of meat quality in the crossbred population. SNP1, SNP3 and SNP4 (which were subsequently designated regulatory SNPs) and SNP5 were associated with traits that contribute to sensorial and technological measurements of tenderness and texture; Haplotype 1 and haplotype 4 were oppositely correlated with traits contributing to tenderness (P < 0.05). While no single SNP was associated with intramuscular fat (IMF), a clear association with increased IMF and juiciness was observed for haplotype 2. Conclusion The conclusion from this study is that alleles defining haplotypes 2 and 4 could usefully contribute to marker SNP panels used to select individuals with improved IMF/juiciness or tenderness in a genome-assisted selection framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Aslan
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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156
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Mora L, Sentandreu MA, Toldrá F. Identification of small troponin T peptides generated in dry-cured ham. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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157
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Gábor M, Trakovická A, Miluchová M, Moravčíková N. Genetic markers as one of tools for production of tenderness meat in cattle. POTRAVINARSTVO 2010. [DOI: 10.5219/102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat tenderness is one of the major characteristic quality of beef not only for consumers but for breeders of beef cattle too. Selection of cattle focussed on an increment of meat tenderness is complicated because this trait has large variability not only between different breeds but between individuals of equal breed too. Similarly a measurement of meat tenderness is expensive because it make after slaughter of animal and ageing of meat post mortem. Therefore it was developed a several methods, by the help of which is possible increase tenderness of meat. However still exist variance in values of meat tenderness which are caused by distinctness genetic base of animal. By using molecular genetic methods was described the most significant candidate genes (CAPN1, CAST) coding formation of the calpains-calpastatin proteolytic system, which exercise an influence on tenderness. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes were using to design commercially genetic marker panels GeneSTAR Tenderness and Igenity Tender-GENE. By help this commercially test is possible to make genotyping and selection of animals for production of tenderness beef meat in meat industry.
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158
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Underwood K, Tong J, Price P, Roberts A, Grings E, Hess B, Means W, Du M. Nutrition during mid to late gestation affects growth, adipose tissue deposition, and tenderness in cross-bred beef steers. Meat Sci 2010; 86:588-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 03/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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159
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Disparity of dietary effects on collagen characteristics and toughness between two beef muscles. Meat Sci 2010; 86:491-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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160
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Eating quality of beef from biotypes included in the PGI “Ternera Asturiana” showing distinct physicochemical characteristics and tenderization pattern. Meat Sci 2010; 86:343-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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161
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162
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Vaštag Ž, Popović L, Popović S, Petrović L, Peričin D. Antioxidant and angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activity in the water-soluble protein extract from Petrovac Sausage (Petrovská Kolbása). Food Control 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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163
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Lee SH, Joo ST, Ryu YC. Skeletal muscle fiber type and myofibrillar proteins in relation to meat quality. Meat Sci 2010; 86:166-70. [PMID: 20605337 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although numerous studies have reported the relationships among muscle fiber characteristics, lean meat content and meat quality, controversial perspectives still remain. Conventional histochemical classifications may be involved in a high level of error, subjectivity and it could not clearly explain variety of myofibrillar protein isoforms. Therefore, more information is needed on how different factors, such as species, breeds, gender, nutrient conditions, physiological state of animals, and environment factors, affect ultimate meat quality in order to evaluate these uncertainness. Unfortunately, there is little information that completely covers with relationship among the muscle fiber types, myofibrillar proteins and enzymatic proteolysis. In addition to the perspective of postmortem metabolism, protein quality control in skeletal muscle and proteolytic degradation of muscle proteins during postmortem period could help to clarify this relationship. Therefore, the present review will focus on muscle fiber types, typing methods, muscle proteins and meat quality, and will summarize aspects of enzymatic view of proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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164
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165
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Escudero E, Sentandreu MA, Toldrá F. Characterization of peptides released by in vitro digestion of pork meat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:5160-5165. [PMID: 20356084 DOI: 10.1021/jf904535m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to identify and characterize the peptides generated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of pork meat (longissimus dorsi) by the sequential action of pepsin and pancreatin. The obtained hydrolysate was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with a nanoelectrospray ionization source (nano LC-ESI-MS/MS). Using this technique 51 different peptides were identified in the hydrolysate, corresponding to fragments of the main structural muscle proteins and some well-known sarcoplasmic proteins. To the best of our knowledge, this constitutes the highest number of peptides identified in pork meat digests. Peptide fragment size ranged from six to sixteen amino acids, being rich in proline residues and thus making them more resistant to further degradation by digestive enzymes. The present study constitutes a clear evidence of the extensive degradation that pork muscle proteins would undergo after gastrointestinal digestion, giving rise to a wide variety of short peptides. So, the use of in vitro digestion contributes to a better knowledge about the generation of peptides from diets with high protein quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Escudero
- Instituto de Agroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos (CSIC), Paterna (Valencia), Spain
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166
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Reardon W, Mullen AM, Sweeney T, Hamill RM. Association of polymorphisms in candidate genes with colour, water-holding capacity, and composition traits in bovine M. longissimus and M. semimembranosus. Meat Sci 2010; 86:270-5. [PMID: 20510534 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in selected candidate genes with sensory and technological meat quality traits in commercial cattle. SNP in seven candidate genes were genotyped in 130 crossbred Bos taurus cattle using PCR-RFLP. Reported associations between calpastatin (CAST) and Warner-Bratzler shear force and carboxypeptidase E (CPE) and intra-muscular fat were not confirmed. However, SNP in CAST, amp-activated protein kinase, gamma-3 subunit (PRKAG3), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and stearoyl coA desaturase (SCD) genes were significantly associated with colour traits (p<0.05). The PRKAG3 SNP was additionally associated with cook loss in M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (p<0.05) and tended towards association in M. semimembranosus (p<0.1). An association with pH was identified for the SCD SNP (p<0.001). The GHR polymorphism was influential on moisture and intra-muscular fat in M. semimembranosus and protein content in both muscles (p<0.05). Only CPE was associated with sensory traits (flavour in M. longissimus, p<0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Reardon
- Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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167
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Kemp CM, Sensky PL, Bardsley RG, Buttery PJ, Parr T. Tenderness – An enzymatic view. Meat Sci 2010; 84:248-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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168
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Stress relaxation behaviour and structural changes of muscle tissues from Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) following high pressure treatment. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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169
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Herrera-Mendez CH, Becila S, Coulis G, Sentandreu MA, Aubry L, Ouali A. Purification and partial characterization of antithrombin III from bovine skeletal muscle and possible role of thrombin in postmortem apoptosis development and in efficiency of low voltage electrical stimulation. Food Res Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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170
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Laville E, Sayd T, Morzel M, Blinet S, Chambon C, Lepetit J, Renand G, Hocquette JF. Proteome changes during meat aging in tough and tender beef suggest the importance of apoptosis and protein solubility for beef aging and tenderization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:10755-64. [PMID: 19860418 DOI: 10.1021/jf901949r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Within a population of Charolais young bulls, two extreme groups of longissimus thoracis muscle samples, classified according to Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of 55 degrees C grilled meat, were analyzed by 2D-electrophoresis. Muscle analyses were performed on 4 bulls of the "tender" group (WBSF=27.7+/-4.8 N) and 4 bulls of the "tough" group (WBSF=41.2+/-6.1 N), at 3 post-mortem times: D0, samples taken within 10 min post-mortem; D5 and D21, samples kept at 4 degrees C under vacuum during 5 and 21 days. Proteins of muscle samples were separated in two fractions based on protein solubility in Tris buffer: "soluble" and "insoluble". Proteins of both fractions were separated by 2D-electrophoresis. Evolution of spots during the 3 post-mortem times was analyzed by hierarchical classification (HCA). Three clusters of proteins presenting similar evolution profiles provided accurate classification of post-mortem times and showed the translocation of some chaperone proteins and glycolytic enzymes from the soluble fraction to the insoluble fraction between D0 and D5. Cellular structure dismantlement and proteolysis was observed at D21. Effect of group ("tender" vs "tough") on spot intensities was tested by ANOVA. At D0, higher quantity of proteins of the inner and outer membrane of mitochondria was found in the tender group suggesting a more extensive degradation of mitochondria that may be related to the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Laville
- INRA, UR370, Qualite des Produits Animaux, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genes-Champanelle, France.
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171
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Franco D, Bispo E, González L, Vázquez JA, Moreno T. Effect of finishing and ageing time on quality attributes of loin from the meat of Holstein–Fresian cull cows. Meat Sci 2009; 83:484-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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172
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Huang M, Huang F, Xu X, Zhou G. Influence of caspase3 selective inhibitor on proteolysis of chicken skeletal muscle proteins during post mortem aging. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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173
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Mora L, Sentandreu MA, Koistinen KM, Fraser PD, Toldrá F, Bramley PM. Naturally generated small peptides derived from myofibrillar proteins in Serrano dry-cured ham. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3228-3234. [PMID: 19320485 DOI: 10.1021/jf803480v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A proteomic approach has been carried out to investigate the extensive proteolysis occurring in the processing of Serrano ham. In this study, a total of 14 peptide fragments derived from myosin light chain I and titin have been identified for the first time. Nine of these peptides originated from myosin light chain I protein, with the loss of dipeptides at the N-terminal position observed in some of them. This suggests that dipeptidyl peptidases are involved in the generation of dipeptides, which contribute to the generation of the characteristic taste associated with Serrano ham. The other five peptides came from the PEVK region of the titin protein. This region is believed to confer elasticity to the sarcomere as well as the ability to bind calpains. The hypothetical action of mu-calpain and calpain 3 enzymes over this region would make these enzymes potentially responsible for protein breakdown during the early dry-curing stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Mora
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
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174
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Effect of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium chloride salts on porcine muscle proteases. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-009-1029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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175
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Svensson M, Borén M, Sköld K, Fälth M, Sjögren B, Andersson M, Svenningsson P, Andrén PE. Heat Stabilization of the Tissue Proteome: A New Technology for Improved Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:974-81. [DOI: 10.1021/pr8006446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Svensson
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Borén
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Sköld
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Fälth
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Benita Sjögren
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Andersson
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per E. Andrén
- Denator AB, Uppsala Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 32a, 751 83, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Box 583, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Nanna Svartz väg 2, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Box 594, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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176
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Pulford DJ, Dobbie P, Fraga Vazquez S, Fraser-Smith E, Frost DA, Morris CA. Variation in bull beef quality due to ultimate muscle pH is correlated to endopeptidase and small heat shock protein levels. Meat Sci 2008; 83:1-9. [PMID: 20416615 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study set out to determine if ultimate pH (pH(u)) affected the performance of intracellular small heat shock protein and endopeptidase dynamics in muscle during beef ageing. Longissimus dorsi muscles from 39 Angus or Limousin×Angus bulls were examined to see if pH(u) achieved at 22h post mortem (rigor) affected tenderness and water holding capacity of beef. Samples were segregated into three pH(u) groups termed high (pH>6.3), intermediate (5.7<pH<6.3) and low (pH<5.7) pH(u) beef. More than 30% of bull beef did not achieve acceptable tenderness at 8 days post mortem with this ageing regime. No significant differences in calpain or cathepsin enzyme levels due to meat pH were observed until after 22h post mortem, but low pH(u) beef had elevated caspase 3/7 activity soon after slaughter. At 22h post mortem, greater levels of μ-calpain enzyme were found in the high and intermediate pH(u) beef and cathepsin B levels were superior in the low pH(u) beef after 2 days post mortem. Different rates of desmin and troponin T protein degradation were also observed in aged bull beef. Both proteins were degraded within 6h post mortem for high pH(u) beef, but took >3 days post mortem for intermediate pH(u) beef. High levels of alpha β-crystallin (aβC) at 22h post mortem coincided with delayed muscle protein degradation for low pH(u) beef. Our results support the hypothesis that aβC shields myofibrils and buffers against endopeptidase degradation of beef structure during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Pulford
- Food, Metabolism and Microbiology, AgResearch MIRINZ, Ruakura, Private Bag, 3123 Hamilton, New Zealand
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177
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Lee H, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Vigouroux S, Briand Y, Briand M. Role of Calpains in Postmortem Proteolysis in Chicken Muscle. Poult Sci 2008; 87:2126-32. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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178
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Pulford D, Fraga Vazquez S, Frost D, Fraser-Smith E, Dobbie P, Rosenvold K. The intracellular distribution of small heat shock proteins in post-mortem beef is determined by ultimate pH. Meat Sci 2008; 79:623-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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179
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Hagen O, Solberg C, Johnston IA. Activity of aspargate (cathepsin D), cysteine proteases (cathepsins B, B + L, and H), and matrix metallopeptidase (collagenase) and their influence on protein and water-holding capacity of muscle in commercially farmed atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:5953-5959. [PMID: 18564846 DOI: 10.1021/jf801215b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) were commercially farmed in Helgeland, Norway (May 2004-May 2005). The average weight (Mb) of fish increased over the 12 month production cycle by approximately 73% for females and approximately 50% for males, although during the winter months (November-early May) Mb was unchanged in females and declined by 18% in males because of sexual maturation and sperm release. Periods of zero or negative growth were associated with up to 5.7% (females) and 17.9% (males) decline in fast muscle protein content. The activities of cathepsins B, B + L, H, and D showed a reciprocal relationship and were highly correlated with the changes in protein content. Water-holding capacity was measured as the liquid loss increased from 3-5% in November to 11-13% in May. Two general additive models (GAMs) showed that cathepsin B + L, cathepsin D, and collagenase explained 73.1% of the total variance in protein content, while cathepsin H was the largest contributor to liquid loss, explaining approximately 48.8% of the total variance. The results indicate that to obtain the best flesh quality Atlantic halibut should be harvested in the fall or early winter when the liquid loss and cathepsin activities are low and less likely to cause problems during secondary processing and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orjan Hagen
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 8LB, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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180
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Houbak MB, Ertbjerg P, Therkildsen M. In vitro study to evaluate the degradation of bovine muscle proteins post-mortem by proteasome and μ-calpain. Meat Sci 2008; 79:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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181
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Underwood KR, Means WJ, Du M. Caspase 3 is not likely involved in the postmortem tenderization of beef muscle1. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:960-6. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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182
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Lund MN, Christensen M, Fregil L, Hviid MS, Skibsted LH. Effect of high-oxygen atmosphere packaging on mechanical properties of single muscle fibres from bovine and porcine longissimus dorsi. Eur Food Res Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-008-0847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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183
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Morzel M, Terlouw C, Chambon C, Micol D, Picard B. Muscle proteome and meat eating qualities of Longissimus thoracis of “Blonde d’Aquitaine” young bulls: A central role of HSP27 isoforms. Meat Sci 2008; 78:297-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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184
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The effect of recombinant caspase 3 on myofibrillar proteins in porcine skeletal muscle. Animal 2008; 2:1254-64. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731108002310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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185
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Lund MN, Lametsch R, Hviid MS, Jensen ON, Skibsted LH. High-oxygen packaging atmosphere influences protein oxidation and tenderness of porcine longissimus dorsi during chill storage. Meat Sci 2007; 77:295-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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186
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Purification and partial characterisation of a matrix metalloproteinase from ostrich skeletal muscle, and its activity during meat maturation. Meat Sci 2007; 76:481-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Revised: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 12/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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187
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Sentandreu MA, Armenteros M, Calvete JJ, Ouali A, Aristoy MC, Toldrá F. Proteomic identification of actin-derived oligopeptides in dry-cured ham. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:3613-9. [PMID: 17371039 DOI: 10.1021/jf061911g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An intense proteolysis of muscle proteins, mainly due to the action of endogenous proteolytic enzymes, has been reported to occur during the processing of dry-cured ham. This gives rise to an important generation of free amino acids and peptides of small size that contribute directly or indirectly to flavor characteristics of the final product. The nature and properties of the free amino acids generated during postmortem proteolysis have been well established. However, little is known about the identity of peptides generated during the processing of dry-cured ham. In the present paper, we describe the isolation (by ethanol precipitation followed by size exclusion and reverse phase chromatographies) and identification (by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS and collision-induced dissociation MS/MS) in a Spanish dry-cured ham of the following four oligopeptides: (A) TKQEYDEAGPSIVHR, (B) ITKQEYDEAGPSIVHRK, (C) DSGDGVTHNVPIYE, and (D) DSGDGVTHNVPIYEG. This is the first time that these peptide fragments have been reported in dry-cured ham at the end of processing. Sequence homology analysis revealed that the four peptides originated from muscle actin, indicating an extensive hydrolysis of this protein during dry-curing. Some of the cleavage sites corresponding to these fragments in actin were reproduced by other authors through the incubation of this myofibrillar protein in the presence of cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5), thus supporting a relevant action of this enzyme during the processing of dry-cured ham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Sentandreu
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, P.O. Box 73, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
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188
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Van den Maagdenberg K, Claeys E, Stinckens A, Buys N, De Smet S. Effect of age, muscle type, and insulin-like growth factor-II genotype on muscle proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities in boars1. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:952-60. [PMID: 17202393 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a paternally expressed quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) in the regulatory sequence of the IGF-II gene with effects on muscle growth and fat deposition was discovered in the pig. This QTN is also known as the IGF-II intron3 G3072A mutation. The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of age, muscle type, and IGF-II genotype (Apat, mutant allele vs. Gpat, wild-type allele) on muscle proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities. At approximately 4, 8, 16, and 26 wk of age, boars (n = 6 to 15 per genotype x age group) were slaughtered and mu- and m-calpain (CALP), calpastatin (CAST), cathepsins (CATH) B+L and H, acid lipase, and phospholipase activities were measured in Longissimus thoracis et lumborum, Semimembranosus, and Triceps brachii muscle samples taken soon after slaughter. Activities of CATH B+L and H, mu- and m-CALP, and acid lipase were not affected by the IGF-II genotype. Activity of CAST was greater (P < 0.005) and m-CALP:CAST was less (P < 0.05) in Apat animals. Because CAST activity and m-CALP:CAST are known to be related to protein degradation, satellite cell fusion, or both, it is likely that differences in proteolytic enzyme activities are involved in the greater percentage of muscle mass in Apat animals. Age and muscle type influenced proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities (P < 0.05), except for mu- and m-CALP (no effect of muscle) and acid lipase (no effect of age). The same pattern in mu-CALP, CAST, and m-CALP:CAST with age was found during growth for the 3 muscles, although clear differences (P < 0.05) between muscles existed. In general, and in agreement with previous reports, greater enzyme activities were found in the more oxidative Triceps brachii muscle compared with the other 2 muscles. A remarkable increase (P < 0.05) from 16 to 26 wk of age in mu-CALP, CAST, mu-CALP:CAST, and CATH H and a large decrease (P < 0.05) in acid phospholipase and m-CALP:CAST was found. For m-CALP and CATH B+L, a gradual decrease (P < 0.05) was found with age. Although age effects on enzyme activities could only partly be interpreted biologically in relation to the muscle growth rate, this study showed that proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities change during growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Van den Maagdenberg
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090 Melle, Belgium
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189
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Costello S, O’Doherty E, Troy D, Ernst C, Kim KS, Stapleton P, Sweeney T, Mullen A. Association of polymorphisms in the calpain I, calpain II and growth hormone genes with tenderness in bovine M. longissimus dorsi. Meat Sci 2007; 75:551-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2005] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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190
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191
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Godiksen H, Nielsen HH. New method to discriminate between cathepsin B and cathepsin L in crude extracts from fish muscle based on a simple acidification procedure. Int J Food Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01254.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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192
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Kemp CM, Bardsley RG, Parr T. Changes in caspase activity during the postmortem conditioning period and its relationship to shear force in porcine longissimus muscle1. J Anim Sci 2006; 84:2841-6. [PMID: 16971587 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protease family caspases in skeletal muscle and their potential contribution to postmortem proteolysis and meat tenderization. Ten Large White gilts were slaughtered, and samples of LM were taken at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 192 h after slaughter and immediately snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Samples were subsequently analyzed for caspase 3/7 and caspase 9 activity, protein levels of known caspase substrates, alpha II spectrin and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), as well as, at 192 h, shear force. Specific degradation products of alpha II spectrin and PARP, which are known indicators of caspase activity, and apoptosis were detected on immunoblots of muscle samples taken over the postmortem period. The relationships between the changes observed in caspase activities and protein levels of PARP and spectrin across the entire postmortem conditioning period were investigated (n = 70). Protein levels of alpha II spectrin cleavage products across the conditioning period were found to correlate positively to caspase 3/7 activity (r = 0.38, P = 0.003) and caspase 9 activity (r = 0.32, P = 0.012), indicating that caspase-mediated cleavage was occurring in situ. There was a negative relationship between shear force and the 0 to 32 h ratio of caspase 3/7 (r = -0.62, P = 0.053) and caspase 9 activities (r = -0.68, P = 0.044). In addition, there was also a negative relationship between shear force and the level of the caspase-generated alpha II spectrin 120 kDa degradation product (r = -0.75, P = 0.012). The findings of this study indicate that changes in caspase activity and caspase-mediated cleavage take place in muscle during the conditioning period, and this could be associated with the development of tender meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kemp
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK.
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193
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Revisiting the conversion of muscle into meat and the underlying mechanisms. Meat Sci 2006; 74:44-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Revised: 04/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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194
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195
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Kemp C, Parr T, Bardsley R, Buttery P. Comparison of the relative expression of caspase isoforms in different porcine skeletal muscles. Meat Sci 2006; 73:426-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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196
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Oligopeptides hydrolysed by muscle dipeptidyl peptidases can generate angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory dipeptides. Eur Food Res Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-006-0367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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197
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NAGARAJ N, SANTHANAM K. EFFECTS OF MUSCLE PROTEASES, ENDOGENOUS PROTEASE INHIBITORS AND MYOFIBRIL FRAGMENTATION ON POSTMORTEM AGING OF GOAT MEAT. J Food Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2006.00066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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198
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Delbarre-Ladrat C, Chéret R, Taylor R, Verrez-Bagnis V. Trends in Postmortem Aging in Fish: Understanding of Proteolysis and Disorganization of the Myofibrillar Structure. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2006; 46:409-21. [PMID: 16891212 DOI: 10.1080/10408390591000929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Postmortem tenderization is caused by enzymatic degradation of key structural proteins in myofibrils as well as in extracellular matrix, and of proteins involved in intermyofibrillar linkages and linkages between myofibrils and the sarcolemma. The function of these proteins is to maintain the structural integrity of myofibrils. Current data indicate that calpains and cathepsins may be responsible for degradation of these proteins. Other phenomena occurring in cells postmortem (pH drop, sarcoplasmic Ca2+ increase, osmotic pressure rise, oxidative processes) may act in synergy with proteases. Our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of muscle degradation should be improved for an accurate evaluation of the postmortem muscle changes and consequently of the fish quality.
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199
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Thompson JM, Perry D, Daly B, Gardner GE, Johnston DJ, Pethick DW. Genetic and environmental effects on the muscle structure response post-mortem. Meat Sci 2006; 74:59-65. [PMID: 22062716 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2006] [Revised: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviewed the mechanisms by which glycolytic rate and pre-rigor stretching of muscle impact on meat quality. If muscle is free to shorten during the rigor process extremes in glycolytic rate can impact negatively on meat quality by inducing either cold or rigor shortening. Factors that contribute to variation in glycolytic rate include the glycogen concentration at slaughter and fibre type of the muscle. Glycolysis is highly sensitive to temperature, which is an important factor in heavy grain fed carcasses. An alternative solution to controlling glycolysis is to stretch the muscle pre-rigor so that it cannot shorten, thus providing an insurance against extremes in processing conditions. Results are presented which show a large reduction in variance (both additive and phenotypic) in tenderness caused by pre-rigor stretching. Whilst this did not impact on the heritability of shear force, it did reduce genotype differences. The implications of these results on the magnitude of genotype effects on tenderness is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Thompson
- Co-operative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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200
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Zamora et al. (2005). Serine peptidase inhibitors, the best predictor of beef ageing amongst a large set of quantitative variables, Meat Science, 71, 730–742. Meat Sci 2006; 73:186-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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