151
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Kaewtong C, Jiang G, Felipe MJ, Pulpoka B, Advincula R. Self-assembly and electrochemical oxidation of polyamidoamine-carbazole dendron surfmer complexes: nanoring formation. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1533-1542. [PMID: 19206356 DOI: 10.1021/nn800098j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a detailed and quantitative study on the supramolecular complexation of amine-functionalized polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G(4)-NH(2) with carboxylic acid terminal dendrons containing peripheral electroactive carbazole groups of different generations (G(0)COOH, G(1)COOH, and G(2)COOH). While the focus is on a detailed understanding and mechanism of complex formation, subsequent electrochemical oxidation of the dendron surfmers resulted in the formation of nanoring structures electrodeposited on the conducting substrate. Complexation was confirmed by NMR, UV-vis, and IR measurements. Critical micelle concentration (CMC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed that the ringlike structures were formed during the equilibrium-decomplexation stage and that the electrochemical process did not destroy the complex but rather stabilized it. The different generations of the dendrons provided various structures and complex formation efficacy. This type of template polymerization combined with electrochemically anodic oxidation has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatthai Kaewtong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
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152
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Ahn DJ, Kim JM. Fluorogenic polydiacetylene supramolecules: immobilization, micropatterning, and application to label-free chemosensors. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:805-16. [PMID: 18348539 DOI: 10.1021/ar7002489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This Account describes a new strategy for the preparation of label-free sensor systems based on the fluorogenic properties of the conjugated polymer, polydiacetylene (PDA). PDA has been extensively investigated as a sensor matrix, owing to a brilliant blue-to-red color transition that takes place in response to environmental perturbations. It has been known for some time that "blue-phase" PDAs are nonfluorescent while their "red-phase" counterparts fluoresce. For the most part, however, the significance of the different fluorogenic properties of PDAs has been ignored in the context of sensor applications. In the course of developing PDA-based sensors, we discovered that PDA vesicles can be readily immobilized on solid substrates. This is an attractive property of PDAs since it leads to the combined advantages of the vesicle sensors (which have three-dimensional interactions between sensor and target molecules) and film sensors (which are applicable to a two-dimensional array or chip format). Stable blue-phase immobilized PDAs can be prepared by employing one of three strategies involving the formation of covalent adducts, biotin-avidin complexes, or complexes formed through nonspecific physical adsorption. A procedure for generating well-patterned fluorescence images is necessary for the immobilized PDAs to function in chip-based sensor systems. Patterned fluorescence images are readily constructed by employing (1) the photolithographic technique, (2) the micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) method, or (3) an array spotting system. Heat treatment of the patterned "blue-phase" PDA vesicles transforms the nonfluorescent images into their fluorescent red forms. The observation that finely resolved fluorescence patterns can be generated by heat treatment of microarrayed PDAs is highly significant in that it indicates that fluorescence signals might be produced by specific molecular recognition events. Indeed, red fluorescence emission is observed when immobilized PDAs are subjected to specific molecular recognition events, such as ligand--cyclodextrin or protein-protein interactions. The facile immobilization of PDA vesicles on solid substrates and the affinity-induced fluorescence emission combine to make this system applicable to the fabrication of label-free PDA sensors. Since in theory any molecular recognition event that promotes the blue-to-red color transition of PDAs should result in the generation of fluorescence, it should be possible to reformat a variety of previously described colorimetric PDA sensors into fluorescence-based sensor systems. The fluorescence properties of PDAs, when combined with modern methods for the fabrication of microarrays, should stimulate the development of a number of new label-free chemosensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong June Ahn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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153
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Micropatterned model biological membranes composed of polymerized and fluid lipid bilayers. Biointerphases 2008; 3:FA85. [DOI: 10.1116/1.2921886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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154
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Cai W, Wang GT, Xu YX, Jiang XK, Li ZT. Vesicles and Organogels from Foldamers: A Solvent-Modulated Self-Assembling Process. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:6936-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja801618p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gui-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi-Kui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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155
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Frauenrath H, Jahnke E. A General Concept for the Preparation of Hierarchically Structured π-Conjugated Polymers. Chemistry 2008; 14:2942-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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156
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Gin DL, Bara JE, Noble RD, Elliott BJ. Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Membrane Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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157
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Lim YB, Lee E, Lee M. Controlled bioactive nanostructures from self-assembly of peptide building blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:9011-4. [PMID: 17948317 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Beom Lim
- Center for Supramolecular Nano-Assembly and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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158
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Lim YB, Moon KS, Lee M. Rod–coil block molecules: their aqueous self-assembly and biomaterials applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b802639d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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159
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Lim YB, Lee M. Nanostructures of β-sheet peptides: steps towards bioactive functional materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b711188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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160
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Bouffard J, Swager TM. Self-assembly of amphiphilic poly(phenylene ethynylene)s in water–potassium dodecanoate–decanol lyotropic liquid crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5387-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b814598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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161
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Senarath-Yapa MD, Phimphivong S, Coym JW, Wirth MJ, Aspinwall CA, Saavedra SS. Preparation and characterization of poly(lipid)-coated, fluorophore-doped silica nanoparticles for biolabeling and cellular imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:12624-12633. [PMID: 17975939 DOI: 10.1021/la701917w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication, characterization, and implementation of poly(lipid)-coated, highly luminescent silica nanoparticles as fluorescent probes for labeling of cultured cells are described. The core of the probe is a sol-gel-derived silica nanoparticle, 65-100 nm in diameter, in which up to several thousand dye molecules are encapsulated (Lian, W.; et al. Anal. Biochem. 2004, 334, 135-144). The core is coated with a membrane composed of bis-sorbylphosphatidylcholine, a synthetic polymerizable lipid that is chemically cross-linked to enhance the environmental and chemical stability of the membrane relative to a fluid lipid membrane. The poly(lipid) coating has two major functions: (i) to reduce nonspecific interactions, based on the inherently biocompatible properties of the phosphorylcholine headgroup, and (ii) to permit functionalization of the particle, by doping the coating with lipids bearing chemically reactive or bioactive headgroups. Both functions are demonstrated: (i) Nonspecific adsorption of dissolved proteins to bare silica nanoparticles and of bare nanoparticles to cultured cells is significantly reduced by application of the poly(lipid) coating. (ii) Functionalization of poly(lipid)-coated nanoparticles with a biotin-conjugated lipid creates a probe that can be used to target both dissolved protein receptors as well as receptors on the membranes of cultured cells. Measurements performed on single nanoparticles bound to planar supported lipid bilayers verify that the emission intensity of these probes is significantly greater than that of single protein molecules labeled with several fluorophores.
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162
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Lim YB, Lee E, Lee M. Controlled Bioactive Nanostructures from Self-Assembly of Peptide Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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163
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Lee S, Kim JM. α-Cyclodextrin: A Molecule for Testing Colorimetric Reversibility of Polydiacetylene Supramolecules. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702492z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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164
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Morigaki K, Schönherr H, Okazaki T. Polymerization of diacetylene phospholipid bilayers on solid substrate: influence of the film deposition temperature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:12254-60. [PMID: 17944493 DOI: 10.1021/la701346x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Micropatterned phospholipid bilayers on solid substrates offer an attractive platform for various applications, such as high throughput drug screening. We have previously developed a photopolymerization-based methodology for generating micropatterned bilayers composed of polymerized and fluid lipid bilayers. Lithographic photopolymerization of a diacetylene-containing phospholipid (DiynePC) allowed facile fabrication of compartmentalized arrays of fluid lipid membranes. Herein, we report on a key experimental parameter that significantly influences the homogeneity and quality of the fabricated polymeric bilayers, namely the temperature at which monolayers of monomeric DiynePC were formed on the water surface and transferred onto solid substrates by the Langmuir-Blodgett/Langmuir-Schaefer (LB/LS) technique. Using fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy, it was found that polymerized bilayers were homogeneous, if bilayers of DiynePC were prepared below the triple point temperature (ca. 20 degrees C) of the monolayer, where a direct transition from the gaseous state to the liquid condensed state occurred. Bilayers prepared above this temperature had a markedly increased number of crack-like line defects. The differences were attributed to the domain structures in the monolayer that were transferred from the water surface to the substrate. Domain size, rather than the molecular packing in each domain, was concluded to play a critical role in the formation of defects. The spontaneous curvature and area changes of bilayers were postulated to cause destabilization and detachment of the films from the substrate upon polymerization. Our present results highlight the importance of controlling the domain structures for the homogeneity of polymerized bilayers required in technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Morigaki
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Japan.
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165
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Yoshio M, Kagata T, Hoshino K, Mukai T, Ohno H, Kato T. One-dimensional ion-conductive polymer films: alignment and fixation of ionic channels formed by self-organization of polymerizable columnar liquid crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:5570-7. [PMID: 16620131 DOI: 10.1021/ja0606935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared two types of one-dimensional ion-conductive polymer films containing ion nanochannels that are both perpendicular and parallel to the film surface. These films have been obtained by photopolymerization of aligned columnar liquid crystals of a fan-shaped imidazolium salt having acrylate groups at the periphery. In the columnar structure, the ionic part self-assembles into the inner part of the column. The column is oriented macroscopically in two directions by different methods: orientation perpendicular to the modified surfaces of glass and indium tin oxide with 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and orientation parallel to a glass surface by mechanical shearing. Ionic conductivities have been measured for the films with columnar orientation vertical and parallel to the surface. Anisotropic ionic conductivities are observed for the oriented films fixed by photopolymerization. The ionic conductivities parallel to the columnar axis are higher than those perpendicular to the columnar axis because the lipophilic part functions as an ion-insulating part. The film with the columns oriented vertically to the surface shows an anisotropy of ionic conductivities higher than that of the film with the columns aligned parallel to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Yoshio
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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166
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Lim YB, Park S, Lee E, Ryu JH, Yoon YR, Kim TH, Lee M. Tunable Bacterial Agglutination and Motility Inhibition by Self-Assembled Glyco-Nanoribbons. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:1363-9. [PMID: 17849402 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We explored a method of controlling bacterial motility and agglutination by using self-assembled carbohydrate-coated beta-sheet nanoribbons. To this aim, we synthesized triblock peptides that consist of a carbohydrate, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer, and a beta-sheet-forming peptide. An investigation into the effect of PEG-spacer length on the self-assembly of the triblock peptides showed that the PEG should be of sufficiently length to stabilize the beta-sheet nanoribbon structure. It was found that the stabilization of the nanoribbon led to stronger activity in bacterial motility inhibition and agglutination, thus suggesting that antibacterial activity can be controlled by the stabilization strategy. Furthermore, another level of control over bacterial motility and agglutination was attained by co-assembly of bacteria-specific and -nonspecific supramolecular building blocks. The nanoribbon specifically detected bacteria after the encapsulation of a fluorescent probe. Moreover, the detection sensitivity was enhanced by the formation of bacterial clusters. All these results suggest that the carbohydrate-coated beta-sheet nanoribbons can be developed as promising agents for pathogen capture, inactivation, and detection, and that the activity can be controlled at will.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-beom Lim
- Center for Supramolecular Nano-Assembly, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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167
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Yamamoto T, Fukushima T, Yamamoto Y, Kosaka A, Jin W, Ishii N, Aida T. Stabilization of a kinetically favored nanostructure: surface ROMP of self-assembled conductive nanocoils from a norbornene-appended hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:14337-40. [PMID: 17076506 DOI: 10.1021/ja064461h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Newly designed norbornene-appended hexabenzocoronene 1 self-assembles, upon diffusion of an Et(2)O vapor into its CH(2)Cl(2) solution, to form either graphitic nanocoils or nanotubes, depending on the self-assembling conditions. The coiled assembly, selectively formed at 15 degrees C, is a kinetic intermediate for the tubular assembly and transforms into nanotubes on standing at 25 degrees C. However, post-ring-opening metathesis polymerization of the norbornene pendants of 1 enhances the thermal stability of the coiled assembly as well as the tubular one and disables a thermodynamic coil-to-tube transition. The polymerized nanocoils show an electroconductivity of 1 x 10(-)(4) S cm(-)(1) upon doping with I(2), while the nonpolymerized nanocoils are disrupted upon being doped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yamamoto
- ERATO-SORST Nanospace Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, 2-41 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
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168
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Katagiri K, Hashizume M, Ariga K, Terashima T, Kikuchi JI. Preparation and characterization of a novel organic-inorganic nanohybrid "cerasome" formed with a liposomal membrane and silicate surface. Chemistry 2007; 13:5272-81. [PMID: 17407115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of organic-inorganic hybrids, the so-called cerasomes, which have a bilayer vesicular structure and a silicate surface, has been synthesized by combination of sol-gel reaction and self-assembly of organoalkoxysilanes with a molecular structure analogous to lipids. We have synthesized two cerasome-forming organoalkoxysilanes, N-[N-(3-triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinamoyl]dihexadecylamine (1) and N,N-dihexadecyl-N (alpha)-[6-[(3-triethoxysilyl)propyldimethylammonio]hexanoyl]glycinamide bromide (2), and investigated the synthetic conditions of the cerasomes and their structural characteristics. For the proamphiphilic 1, the cerasome was obtained under restricted pH conditions where acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the triethoxysilyl moiety proceeded without disturbing the vesicle formation. In contrast, the amphiphilic 2, additionally having a hydrophilic quaternary ammonium group, formed stable dispersions of the cerasome in a wide pH range. The hydrolysis behavior of the triethoxysilyl groups was monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Morphology of the cerasomes having the liposomal vesicular structure was confirmed by TEM observations. Extent of the development of siloxane networks through condensation among the silanol groups on the cerasome surface was evaluated by using MALDI-TOF-MS spectrometry. Formation of oligomers of the cerasome-forming lipids in the vesicle was clearly confirmed. Due to the siloxane network formation, the cerasome showed remarkably high morphological stability compared with a reference liposome, as evaluated by surfactant dissolution measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
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169
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Bordes R, Rbii K, Gonzalez-Pérez A, Franceschi-Messant S, Perez E, Rico-Lattes I. Novel polymerizable surfactants from 1:1 mixtures of alkylcarboxylic acids and norbornene methylenamine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:7526-30. [PMID: 17539666 DOI: 10.1021/la700521p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A new family of polymerizable surfactants was synthesized starting from a 1:1 mixture of alkylcarboxylic acids (C(10) to C(16)) and norbornene methyleneamine. The ion-paired surfactants exhibited cloud temperatures, surface activity, and critical aggregation concentrations that differed according to the chain length, with a variation indicating a strongly associated ion pair. Light-scattering measurements and electron microscopy observations confirmed the spontaneous formation of stable vesicles (90 nm < d < 370 nm). Also, NMR experiments showed the enclosing of the norbornene part inside the vesicle membrane. Moreover, the addition of sodium chloride allowed the formation of a tubular structure leading to a viscous or gel-like solution. Finally, a preliminary vinylic polymerization test proved the polymerizable character of these ion-paired surfactants by an organometallic catalysis, leading to partially polymerized vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Bordes
- Laboratoire des I.M.R.C.P. UMR 5623 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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170
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Batra D, Seifert S, Firestone MA. The Effect of Cation Structure on the Mesophase Architecture of Self-Assembled and Polymerized Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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171
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Sasaki Y, Matsui K, Aoyama Y, Kikuchi JI. Cerasome as an infusible and cell-friendly gene carrier: synthesis of cerasome-forming lipids and transfection using cerasome. Nat Protoc 2007; 1:1227-34. [PMID: 17406406 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2006.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sonication of a pre-agitated aqueous solution of cationic lipid having a (EtO)3SiCH2CH2CH2 group on the quarternized ammonium nitrogen results in partially silica- or ceramic-coated liposome (cerasome), which can be used as an excellent transfection agent. Non-silylated reference lipid, which may represent cationic lipids that are used in conventional lipofection experiments, form a compact liposome, which undergoes DNA-induced fusion to provide transfection-irrelevant and larger (100-300 nm), more toxic particles. The surface-rigidified cerasome is infusible and the monomeric cerasome complex of DNA is of viral size (approximately 70 nm) and exhibits a remarkable transfection performance with a 10(2)-10(3)-fold higher efficiency (relative to the non-silylated reference lipid), minimized cytotoxicity and serum compatibility. The cerasome lipid is obtained by the reaction of 3-bromopropyltriethoxysilane with a tertiary amine derivative of the lipid. Preparation of an aqueous cerasome solution takes 1-2 h. The cerasome-DNA complex and the transfection takes about 3 d to complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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172
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Aida T, Fukushima T. Soft materials with graphitic nanostructures. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2007; 365:1539-52. [PMID: 17428763 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2007.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on our recent studies on novel soft materials consisting of carbon nanotubes. Single-walled carbon nanotubes, when suspended in imidazolium ion-based ionic liquids and ground in an agate mortar, form physical gels (bucky gels), where heavily entangled bundles of carbon nanotubes are exfoliated to give highly dispersed, much finer bundles. By using bucky gels, the first printable actuators that operate in air for a long time without any external electrolyte are developed. Furthermore, the use of polymerizable ionic liquids as the gelling media results in the formation of electroconductive polymer/nanotube composites with enhanced mechanical properties. The article also highlights a new family of nanotubular graphite, via self-assembly of amphiphilic hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives. The nanotubes consist of a graphitic wall composed of a great number of pi-stacked HBC units and are electroconductive upon oxidation. The use of amphiphilic HBCs with functional groups results in the formation of nanotubes with various interesting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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173
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Yin S, Song B, Liu G, Wang Z, Zhang X. Self-organization of polymerizable bolaamphiphiles bearing diacetylene mesogenic group. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:5936-41. [PMID: 17458986 DOI: 10.1021/la700281f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis of a series of polymerizable bolaamphiphiles containing a diacetylene group and mesogenic unit and their self-organization behaviors in bulk and at interface. The polymerizable bolaamphiphiles are noted as DPDA-n, where n refers to the spacer length of alkyl chain. DPDA-10 with suitable spacer length can self-organize into stable cylindrical micellar nanostructures, and these nanostructures have preferred orientation regionally when adsorbed at the mica/water interface. It is confirmed that the micellar nanostructure of DPDA-10 can be polymerized both in the bulk solution and in the film by UV irradiation. The emission property of DPDA-10 after UV irradiation has been significantly enhanced in comparison to that before polymerization, which may be due to the extension of the conjugated system arising from the transformation of the diacetylene group into polydiacetylene upon polymerization. In addition, the self-organization of DPDA-n is dependent on the spacer length. DPDA-7 with a short spacer length forms an irregular flat sheet structure with many defects; DPDA-15 with a long spacer length forms rodlike micellar structures. Thus, this work may provide a new approach for designing and fabricating organic functional nanostructured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchun Yin
- Key Lab of Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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174
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175
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Park H, Lee S, Kim JM. Photopolymerization of and patterned fluorescence imaging with a bispyrenyl group-containing diacetylene. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:1057-60. [PMID: 17914478 DOI: 10.1039/b702466e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photopolymerization of a diacetylene monomer having terminal pyrene groups afforded formation of polydiacetylene nanoparticles in aqueous solvent along with fluorescence quenching of pyrene moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwook Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea
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176
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Balasubramanian R, Kwon YG, Wei A. Encapsulation and Functionalization of Nanoparticles in Crosslinked Resorcinarene Shells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 17:105-112. [PMID: 19343109 DOI: 10.1039/b614295h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two resorcinarene-derived tetrathiols with terminal alkene sidechains (tetraarylthiol cavitand 3 and tetrabenzylthiol cavitand 4) were determined to be efficient at extracting colloidal gold nanoparticles from aqueous solutions and stabilizing their dispersion in organic solvents. Treatment of these nanoparticle dispersions with the Grubbs olefin metathesis catalyst resulted in crosslinked resorcinarene shells that were highly resistant to alkanethiol-induced desorption at high temperatures. Nanoparticles in crosslinked shells of tetrabenzylthiol cavitand 4 were particularly robust, and could be precipitated and redispersed many times with minimal attrition. These shells could also withstand oxidative conditions and were amenable to synthetic modifications involving epoxidation and dihydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramjee Balasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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177
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Shimojima A, Wu CW, Kuroda K. Structure and properties of multilayered siloxane–organic hybrid films prepared using long-chain organotrialkoxysilanes containing CC double bonds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b615027f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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178
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Seo SH, Chang JY, Tew GN. Self-Assembled Vesicles from an Amphiphilicortho-Phenylene Ethynylene Macrocycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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179
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Seo SH, Chang JY, Tew GN. Self-Assembled Vesicles from an Amphiphilicortho-Phenylene Ethynylene Macrocycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:7526-30. [PMID: 17001727 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Hyperstructured Organic Materials Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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180
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Stable vesicle formation through intra- and inter-chain aggregation of poly[sodium N-(11-acrylamidoundecanoyl)-l-valinate] in aqueous solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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181
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Huang X, Weiss RG. Silica structures templated on fibers of tetraalkylphosphonium salt gelators in organogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:8542-52. [PMID: 16981774 DOI: 10.1021/la0610250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphonium cations (18(n)RP(+)) consisting of three or four n-octadecyl chains and R = PhCH(2) or C(m)H(2)(m+1) (m = 1-5 or 12) when n = 3 and with iodide, bromide, chloride, fluoride, or perchlorate anions are used to gelate and polymerize solutions of 2-10 wt % tetraethyl orthosilicate in ethanol, benzene, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethyl sulfoxide using acid or base catalysis and under hydrolytic or nonhydrolytic conditions. These are the simplest low-molecular-mass organic gelator structures of which we are aware that have been able to template silica. The silica objects that are obtained after the hydrolytic sol-gel process include porous, spherulitic, and tubular objects in the size range of several micrometers to tens of nanometers. Their specific shapes and sizes depend on the specific conditions of the hydrolytic sol-gel process, including the nature of the catalyst. The electrostatic interaction between silicate intermediates and gelator strands is the driving force for templating. The template effect is strongly influenced by several factors, including (1) the competition between silicate/solvent and silicate/template interactions, (2) the period of the sol-gel process, (3) the hardness of the anion of the gelator salt, (4) the surface tension of the solvent, (5) and the sequence of drying and template removal processes. The nature of the R group influences the stability of the molecular gels but appears to have little effect on the silica morph obtained. In addition, it is shown in one case, where a direct comparison is possible, that the fibers of one of our phosphonium salts are a much more efficient template for silica than those of the corresponding ammonium salt (with its "harder" cationic center). The specific nature of the objects and the conditions under which they can be formed are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets Northwest, Washington, DC 20057-1227, USA
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182
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Sarkar A, Kaganove SN, Dvornic PR, Satoh PS. Colorimetric Biosensors Based on Polydiacetylene (PDA) and Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00323910500402714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Sarkar
- a Michigan Molecular Institute , Midland , MI , 48640 , USA
| | | | | | - Paul S. Satoh
- b Neogen Corporation , 620 Lesher Place, Lansing , MI , 48912 , USA
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183
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184
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Micali N, Villari V, Consoli GML, Cunsolo F, Geraci C. Vesicle-to-micelle transition in aqueous solutions of amphiphilic calixarene derivatives. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 73:051904. [PMID: 16802964 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.051904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 01/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Structure and conformation of spontaneous self-assembled calix[8]arenes derivatives are studied by means of static and dynamic light scattering and electrophoretic mobility. These amphiphilic molecules are in the aggregated form in aqueous solution, in a wide range of pH; they take a vesicle structure in neutral and basic pH environment, but, in relatively strong acidic conditions (below pH=4.5), a transition from vesicle to micelle occurs. The structural change is driven by the surface charge density. At neutral pH calix[8]arenes take a negative surface charge, which prevents coagulation and ensures stability; at acidic pH the surface charge tend to become positive because of the protonation of the hydrophilic head. These pH-responsive aggregates, able to release an encapsulated hydrophilic guest, are promising systems for application as nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Micali
- CNR-Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Via La Farina 237, I-98123, Messina, Italy.
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185
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Liu Y, Zhao YL, Zhang HY. Recognition-induced supramolecular porous nanosphere formation from cyclodextrin conjugated by cholic acid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:3434-8. [PMID: 16548612 DOI: 10.1021/la052434j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular porous nanosphere is constructed from amphiphilic cholic acid-modified cyclodextrin triggered by guest sodium 1-naphthylamino-4-sulfonate and is comprehensively characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and gas adsorption experiments. The results obtained show that the porous nanosphere with the radius of 25-35 nm has moderate nitrogen adsorption ability. Further NMR, circular dichroism, and the fluorimetric titrations on the self-assembling behavior in aqueous solution reveal that the substituting group of the guest molecule and pH values are the key to induce the formation of the porous nanosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
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186
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Joralemon MJ, O'Reilly RK, Hawker CJ, Wooley KL. Shell click-crosslinked (SCC) nanoparticles: a new methodology for synthesis and orthogonal functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 127:16892-9. [PMID: 16316235 DOI: 10.1021/ja053919x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology for the preparation of well-defined core-shell nanoparticles was developed, based upon the employment of a multifunctional crosslinker to coincidently stabilize supramolecular polymer assemblies and imbed into the shell unique chemical functionalities. Amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(acrylic acid)(80)-b-poly(styrene)(90) that had been assembled into micelles and partially functionalized throughout the corona with alkynyl groups were utilized as Click-readied nanoscaffolds for the formation of shell Click-crosslinked nanoparticles (SCCs). Divergently grown dendrimers of the zero, first, second, and third generations having increasing numbers of azide terminating groups ((N(3))(2)-[G-0], (N(3))(4)-[G-1], (N(3))(8)-[G-2], and (N(3))(16)-[G-3], respectively) were investigated as crosslinkers via Click reactions with the alkynyl groups to form covalent linkages throughout the block copolymer micelle corona, thus forming a crosslinked shell. The crosslinking reactions were characterized by (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Only the first generation dendrimer ((N(3))(4)-[G-1]) possessed a sufficient balance of polyvalency and water solubility to achieve crosslinking and establish a robust nanostructure. The resulting SCC was further characterized with atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and analytical ultracentrifugation (AU). The dendritic crosslinker is important as it also allows for the incorporation of excess functionality that can undergo complementary reactions. Within the shell of this SCC the remaining azide termini of the dendrimer crosslinker were then consumed in a secondary Click reaction with an alkynyl-functionalized fluorescein to yield a fluorescently labeled SCC that was characterized with DLS, AFM, TEM, AU, UV-vis, and fluorescent measurements as a function of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisie J Joralemon
- Washington University in Saint Louis, Center for Materials Innovation and Department of Chemistry, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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187
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Harrington DA, Behanna HA, Tew GN, Claussen RC, Stupp SI. Supramolecular fluorophores for biological studies: phenylene vinylene-amino acid amphiphiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:1085-91. [PMID: 16242651 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report here on a family of self-assembling fluorescent organic amphiphiles with a biomolecular L-lysine hydrophile and a photonically active phenylene vinylene hydrophobe. Unlike conventional amphiphiles, these segmented dendrimers feature a rigid, branched hydrophobe, and have packing characteristics controlled by the ratio of cross-sectional areas of the hydrophobe and hydrophile. In dilute solution, the amphiphiles form supramolecular aggregates, which are easily taken in by cells through an endocytic pathway, and have no discernible effect on cell proliferation or morphology. An analogous pyrene-based amphiphile was cytotoxic, suggesting that cell survival may be linked either to the self-assembling nature of the amphiphiles, or to the specific properties of the phenylene vinylene segment. The combination of photonic and biological components in these amphiphiles provides great potential for applications in sensing or delivery of molecules to intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Harrington
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, USA
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188
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Jin LY, Bae J, Ryu JH, Lee M. Ordered Nanostructures from the Self-Assembly of Reactive Coil-Rod-Coil Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:650-3. [PMID: 16355428 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Yi Jin
- Center for Supramolecular Nano-Assembly and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Shinchon 134, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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189
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Jin LY, Bae J, Ryu JH, Lee M. Ordered Nanostructures from the Self-Assembly of Reactive Coil-Rod-Coil Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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190
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Chandra B, Subramaniam R, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Formulation of photocleavable liposomes and the mechanism of their content release. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1730-40. [PMID: 16633565 DOI: 10.1039/b518359f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In pursuit of designing photocleavable liposomes as drug delivery vehicles, we synthesized several amphiphilic lipids by connecting stearyl amine (as the non-polar tail) and charged amino acids (as polar heads) via the o-nitrobenzyl derivatives. The lipids containing Glu, Asp, and Lys amino acids were subjected to photocleavage reaction by UV light, and the overall spectral changes of the chromophoric o-nitrobenzyl conjugates were determined as a function of time. The experimental data revealed that the feasibility of the cleavage reaction, nature and magnitude of the spectral changes during the course of the cleavage reaction, and their overall kinetic profiles were dictated by the type of amino acid constituting the polar head groups. The cleavage reactions of the Asp and Glu containing lipids were found to be more facile than that of the lysine-containing lipid. Using these lipids, we formulated photocleavable liposomes, and investigated the photo-triggered release of an encapsulated (within the liposomal lumen) dye as a function of time. The kinetic data revealed that the release of the liposomal content conformed to a two-step mechanism, of which the first (fast) step involved the photocleavage of lipids followed by the slow release of the liposomal content during the second step. The overall mechanistic features intrinsic to the photocleavage of Asp, Glu and Lys containing o-nitrobenzyl conjugated lipids, and their potential applications in formulating liposomes (whose contents can be "unloaded" by the UV light) as drug delivery vehicles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Chandra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58105, USA
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191
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Wang H, Zheng X, Chen P, Zheng X. The fabrication of reactive hollow polysiloxane capsules and their application as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Heck reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b612953f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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192
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Motoyanagi J, Fukushima T, Kosaka A, Ishii N, Aida T. Self-assembled graphitic nanotubes from an amphiphilic hexabenzocoronene bearing thiol functionalities: Redox-mediated polymerization and depolymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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193
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Fujikawa SM, Chen IA, Szostak JW. Shrink-wrap vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:12124-9. [PMID: 16342983 PMCID: PMC2548281 DOI: 10.1021/la052590q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple approach to the controlled removal of molecules from the membrane of large unilamellar vesicles made of fatty acids. Such vesicles shrink dramatically upon mixing with micelles composed of a mixture of fatty acid and a phospholipid (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)), as fatty acid molecules leave the vesicle membrane and accumulate within the mixed micelles. Vesicle shrinkage was confirmed by dynamic light scattering, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of labeled vesicles, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer between lipid dyes incorporated into the vesicle membrane. Most of the encapsulated impermeable solute is retained during shrinkage, becoming concentrated by a factor of at least 50-fold in the final small vesicles. This unprecedented combination of vesicle shrinkage with retention of contents allows for the preparation of small vesicles containing high solute concentrations, and may find applications in liposomal drug delivery.
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194
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195
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Oriol L, Serrano JL. Zu metallhaltigen nanostrukturierten Materialien durch In-situ-Polymerisation reaktiver Metallomesogene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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196
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Oriol L, Serrano JL. Metal-Containing Nanostructured Materials through In Situ Polymerization of Reactive Metallomesogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:6618-21. [PMID: 16187398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Oriol
- Polymer and Liquid Crystal Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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197
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Wang HY, Li YM, Xiao Y, Zhao YF, Wu LX. FT–IR Studies on Langmuir–Blodgett Films of Novel Phosphorus Amphiphiles: Spontaneous Polycondensation at the Air/Water Interface. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2005. [DOI: 10.3184/0308234054506866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of amphiphilic N-(O,O-dihexadecyl)phosphorylamino acids were designed and synthesised, and the transmission FT–IR spectroscopic investigation of their Langmuir–Blodgett films (LB films) on CaF2 substrates indicates the spontaneous polycondensation at the air/water interface before the deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Wang
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li-Xin Wu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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198
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Morisada S, Shinto H, Higashitani K. Revised Implicit Solvent Model for the Simulation of Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:11762-9. [PMID: 16852444 DOI: 10.1021/jp050600q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The implicit solvent model (ISM) proposed previously for the simulation of surfactant aqueous solutions, in which no water molecules of the solvent are treated explicitly, but the effects are incorporated using the solvent-averaged interactions between the surfactant segments in water at infinite dilution, has been revised to represent the surfactant aggregates more appropriately. In the revised model (ISM-2), the interactions between the hydrophobic sites of the surfactants are varied depending on their surroundings, namely, the local hydrocarbon density. The ISM-2 has been applied to the molecular dynamics simulations of (i) the single n-hexane droplets of different sizes in water and (ii) the single micelle composed of 30 n-decyltrimethylammonium chloride (C10TAC) cationic surfactants. As a result, it was found that the ISM-2 can mimic the n-hexane/water interface and represent the fluidity of the hydrocarbon interior of the surfactant micelle that the original ISM fails to do. The results will be compared to those from experiments and atomistic model simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Morisada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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199
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Sun Q, Deng Y. In Situ Synthesis of Temperature-Sensitive Hollow Microspheres via Interfacial Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:8274-5. [PMID: 15941247 DOI: 10.1021/ja051487k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, a novel one-pot synthetic strategy for preparing hollow PNIPAM microspheres via an interfacial polymerization approach at the interface of an inverse W/O emulsion has been proposed and demonstrated. The results show that the prepared PNIPAM microspheres have real empty core and polymer shell structure, with a size range of 1-3 mum. The hollow microspheres experienced a reversible swelling and deswelling process by mediating the temperature below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PNIPAM. The new approach not only provided a unique technical pathway to prepare hollow PNIPAM microspheres in situ under mild reaction conditions but also opened a platform for helping to understand the mechanism of diffusion, migration of the PNIPAM at an oil/water interface above its LCST, and the polymer layer formation mechanism as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunhui Sun
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and IPST at GT, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0620, USA
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200
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Franke D, Egger CC, Smarsly B, Faul CFJ, Tiddy GJT. Synthesis and phase characterization of a double-tailed pyrrole-containing surfactant: a novel tecton for the production of functional nanostructured materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:2704-2712. [PMID: 15779938 DOI: 10.1021/la0472450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A double-tailed polymerizable (pyrrolylalkyl) ammonium amphiphile has been synthesized, and its interfacial properties and aqueous phase behavior have been studied by polarized optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The Krafft temperature is about 27 degrees C, and the critical micelle concentration at 40 degrees C is about 1 mM, as obtained from surface tension measurements, potentiometry, and isothermal titration calorimetry. The lyotropic behavior of the surfactant is found to be of a complex nature. At concentrations higher than the micellar (L1) region, two mesophases have been identified: a second isotropic (L2) phase, which is probably micellar but not fully miscible with water, and a lamellar (L(alpha)) phase, showing interesting alignment properties. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of the mesophases has been evaluated in terms of a model of spherical micelles, which describes a mutual arrangement by a structure factor derived from a hard-sphere potential (Percus-Yevick, "PY", approach). Interest in the comprehensive phase behavior of the polymerizable surfactant is based on the desire to integrate the system into a composite material to obtain potentially conducting self-assembled hybrid mesostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Franke
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany
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