151
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Stroyuk O, Raievska O, Zahn DRT. Graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes: a new material for emerging applications. RSC Adv 2020; 10:34059-34087. [PMID: 35519070 PMCID: PMC9056768 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05580h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We provide a critical review of the current state of the synthesis and applications of nano- and micro-tubes of layered graphitic carbon nitride. This emerging material has a huge potential for light-harvesting applications, including light sensing, artificial photosynthesis, selective photocatalysis, hydrogen storage, light-induced motion, membrane technologies, and can become a major competitor for such established materials as carbon and titania dioxide nanotubes. Graphitic carbon nitride tubes (GCNTs) combine visible-light sensitivity, high charge carrier mobility, and exceptional chemical/photochemical stability, imparting this material with unrivaled photocatalytic activities in photosynthetic processes, such as water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. The unique geometric GCNT structure and versatility of possible chemical modifications allow new photocatalytic applications of GCNTs to be envisaged including selective photocatalysts of multi-electron processes as well as light-induced and light-directed motion of GCNT-based microswimmers. Closely-packed arrays of aligned GCNTs show great promise as multifunctional membrane materials for the light energy conversion and storage, light-driven pumping of liquids, selective adsorption, and electrochemical applications. These emerging applications require synthetic routes to GCNTs with highly controlled morphological parameters and composition to be available. We recognize three major strategies for the GCNT synthesis including templating, supramolecular assembling of precursors, and scrolling of nano-/microsheets, and outline promising routes for further progress of these approaches in the light of the most important emerging applications of GCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stroyuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (HI ERN) Immerwahrstr. 2 91058 Erlangen Germany
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Nat. Acad. of Science of Ukraine 03028 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Oleksandra Raievska
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Nat. Acad. of Science of Ukraine 03028 Kyiv Ukraine
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
- Center for Materials, Architectures, and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
- Center for Materials, Architectures, and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
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152
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Simultaneous removal of bacteria and volatile organic compounds on Cu2O-NPs decorated TiO2 nanotubes: Competition effect and kinetic studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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153
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Sopha H, Norikawa Y, Motola M, Hromadko L, Rodriguez-Pereira J, Cerny J, Nohira T, Yasuda K, Macak JM. Anodization of electrodeposited titanium films towards TiO2 nanotube layers. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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154
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Motola M, Capek J, Zazpe R, Bacova J, Hromadko L, Bruckova L, Ng S, Handl J, Spotz Z, Knotek P, Baishya K, Majtnerova P, Prikryl J, Sopha H, Rousar T, Macak JM. Thin TiO2 Coatings by ALD Enhance the Cell Growth on TiO2 Nanotubular and Flat Substrates. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6447-6456. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Capek
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Raul Zazpe
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Bacova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Hromadko
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Bruckova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Siowwoon Ng
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Handl
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Spotz
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Knotek
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Kaushik Baishya
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Majtnerova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prikryl
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Sopha
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Rousar
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan M. Macak
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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155
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Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activities with Nanosized Polystyrene Spheres Patterned Titanium Dioxide Films for Water Purification. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
For environmental applications, such as water and air purification utilizing photocatalysts, we synthesized patterned titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films using polystyrene (PS) spheres. This was primarily done to enhance the surface area and photocatalytic activities. TiO2 thin films were deposited on silicon wafers attached to variously sized PS spheres via the spin coating method and were annealed at 600 °C. The processing step involved patterning and coating a TiO2 sol–gel. The photocatalytic performance was analyzed using an UV–visible spectrophotometer. Within 20 min, a high catalytic efficiency (98% removal) with a 20-time faster decomposition rate of the malachite green (MG) solution than that of the nonpatterned TiO2 was obtained from the patterned TiO2 with 400 nm sized PS due to the large surface area. In addition, the phenol in the water removed as much as 50% within 2 h with the same photocatalyst, which was expected to be one of the strong candidates to be applied to the next generation of photocatalysts for water purification.
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156
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Intrinsic properties of high-aspect ratio single- and double-wall anodic TiO2 nanotube layers annealed at different temperatures. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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157
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Hassan A, Ali G, Park YJ, Hussain A, Cho SO. Formation of a self-organized nanoporous structure with open-top morphology on 304L austenitic stainless steel. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:315603. [PMID: 32294639 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab8997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel and simple method is reported for producing a self-organized nanoporous structure on austenitic stainless steel (SUS-304L) with open-top morphology. Uniform nanopores with a quasi-hexagonal arrangement were obtained on a very large scale with no crack formation by using single-step anodization. Electropolishing of SUS-304L in ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and perchloric acid electrolyte prior to anodization was the key factor to obtain self-organized and regularly ordered nanopores. Under optimized electropolishing conditions, a honeycomb-like patterned morphology of shallow nanopores was developed on the surface of SUS-304L. Anodization of the patterned morphology in ethylene glycol-based electrolyte generated self-organized and ordered nanopores. Morphology, structure and chemical analyses of the samples were carried-out using FESEM, EDAX, XRD, XPS and ToF-SIMS. FESEM images revealed the formation of hexagonal and ordered nanopores with uniform diameter. EDAX analysis confirmed that the nanoporous oxide layer is composed of iron, chromium, nickel and oxygen. A blue energy shift in the XPS spectra was observed after annealing, which is attributed to the absence of F-species. ToF-SIMS depth profile analysis confirmed the high content of chromium oxide on the surface of the nanoporous oxide layer. The hexagonal nanoporous ordered morphology is useful in anti-corrosion and decoration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiqa Hassan
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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158
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Tao Q, Huang X, Bi J, Wei R, Xie C, Zhou Y, Yu L, Hao H, Wang J. Aerobic Oil-Phase Cyclic Magnetic Adsorption to Synthesize 1D Fe 2O 3@TiO 2 Nanotube Composites for Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Degradation. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071345. [PMID: 32660166 PMCID: PMC7408372 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, Fe2O3@TiO2 nanostructures with staggered band alignment were newly designed by an aerobic oil-phase cyclic magnetic adsorption method. XRD and TEM analyses were performed to verify the uniform deposition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the nanotube inner walls of TiO2. The steady-state degradation experiments exhibited that 1FeTi possessed the most superior performance, which might be ascribable to the satisfying dark adsorption capacity, efficient photocatalytic activity, ease of magnetic separation, and economic efficiency. These results indicated that the deposition of Fe2O3 into TiO2 nanotubes significantly enhanced the activity of Fe2O3, which was mainly ascribed to the Fe2O3-induced formation of staggered iron oxides@TiO2 band alignment and thus efficient separation of h+ and e-. Furthermore, the PL intensity and lifetime of the decay curve were considered as key criterions for the activity's evaluation. Finally, the leaching tests and regeneration experiments were also performed, which illustrated the inhibited photodissolution compared with TiO2/Fe3O4 and stable cycling ability, enabling 1FeTi to be a promising magnetic material for photocatalytic water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Tao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingtao Bi
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Rongli Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Chuang Xie
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongzhu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China;
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China;
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (H.H.)
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (H.H.)
| | - Jingkang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industry Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.T.); (X.H.); (J.B.); (R.W.); (C.X.); (J.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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159
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Spanu D, Minguzzi A, Recchia S, Shahvardanfard F, Tomanec O, Zboril R, Schmuki P, Ghigna P, Altomare M. An Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of a NiCu−TiO2 Photocatalyst for H2 Evolution. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Spanu
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Alessandro Minguzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Recchia
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Fahimeh Shahvardanfard
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ondřej Tomanec
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 80203 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Kingdom
| | - Paolo Ghigna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 13, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Altomare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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160
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Razzaboni L, Altomare M, Pedeferri M, Diamanti MV, Schmuki P. Hierarchical Anodic TiO
2
Nanostructures Formed in Ethylene Glycol/o‐H
3
PO
4
Electrolytes for Direct Photocatalysis. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Razzaboni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta“Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Marco Altomare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Mariapia Pedeferri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta“Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Diamanti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta“Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Chemistry DepartmentKing Abdulaziz University 80203 Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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161
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Fu F, Cha G, Denisov N, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Schmuki P. Water Annealing of TiO
2
Nanotubes for Photocatalysis Revisited. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringWW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkCollege of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow University Suzhou 215123 PR China
| | - Gihoon Cha
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringWW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Nikita Denisov
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringWW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Yuyue Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkCollege of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow University Suzhou 215123 PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkCollege of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow University Suzhou 215123 PR China
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringWW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz University 80203 Jeddah Saudi Arabia kingdom
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162
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Arenas-Hernandez A, Zúñiga-Islas C, Torres-Jacome A, Mendoza-Cervantes JC. Self-organized and self-assembled TiO2 nanosheets and nanobowls on TiO2 nanocavities by electrochemical anodization and their properties. NANO EXPRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ab970c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this research work, we prepared for the first time TiO2 nanosheets and nanobowls assembled on an arrangement of TiO2 nanocavities, and studied their morphological, optical, and structural properties. The assembled nanostructures were synthesized by a fast two-step electrochemical anodization using fluorides and ethylene glycol. By Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, we showed that these nanostructures have a morphology well organized and ordered with a homogeneous distribution. Also, other characteristics such as photoluminescence, reflectance spectra, band gap energy, and Raman spectra were studied and compared with the optical and structural properties of TiO2 nanotubes. We found that the time of anodization is a key parameter to control the final shape of the individual elements in the nanostructure. Our results show that when nanobowls or nanosheets are self-assembled on nanocavities the morphological, optical, and structural properties change significantly in comparison to TiO2 nanotubes. Furthermore, the emission was improved considerably and the band gap energy was modified to higher energy values. Likewise, the interference fringes are generated in the reflectance spectra by the length of the nanocavities and by the thickness of the nanobowls and the nanosheets. Finally, a reduction on the displaced the Eg(1) Raman mode was observed with decreasing of the length of the nanocavities.
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163
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The Photocatalytic Activity of Titania Coatings Produced by Electrochemical and Chemical Oxidation of Ti6Al4V Substrate, Estimated According to ISO 10678:2010The Photocatalytic Activity of Titania Coatings Produced by Electrochemical and Chemical Oxidation of Ti6Al4V Substrate, Estimated According to ISO 10678:2010. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112649. [PMID: 32532021 PMCID: PMC7321569 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The last twenty years have been a period of intense investigations of materials based on titanium dioxide, which have unique properties and functionalities, and which can be used in various areas of medicine. As a part of this issue, the results of our works for the assessment of the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanocoatings of different nanoarchitecture (nanoporous, nanotubular, nanosponge-like and nanofibrous examples), which were earlier checked in terms of their biocompatibility and usability for the modification of medical devices' surfaces, are presented. The studied materials were produced on the surface of Ti6Al4V substrates using electrochemical and chemical oxidation methods. The activity of produced titania materials was studied on the base of the methylene blue (MB) degradation effect, in accordance to ISO 10678:2010. In our works, we have focused on the analysis of the correlation between the photocatalytic activity of nanoarchitecturally different TiO2 coatings, their morphology and structure. The obtained results prove that all studied coatings, both amorphous and amorphous containing crystalline domains, revealed photocatalytic activity in the photoinduced degradation of the organic pollution standard. This activity may be an additional advantage of medical device coatings, being adequate for use in sterilization processes applying UVA light.
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164
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Dong L, Shi M, Xu S, Sun Q, Pan G, Yao L, Zhu C. Surface construction of fluorinated TiO 2 nanotube networks to develop uvioresistant superhydrophobic aramid fabric. RSC Adv 2020; 10:22578-22585. [PMID: 35514588 PMCID: PMC9054610 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03120h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor ultraviolet (UV) resistance and good hydrophilicity lead to light aging of aramid fabrics and cause heat damage to the human body. This scenario occurs when the absorbed water by the fabric evaporates and forms high-temperature water vapor in a high-temperature fire environment, which may scald the human body. Herein, a superhydrophobic hollow TNT network structure was built on surfaces of aramid fibers by surface coating fluorinated TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) to develop an air-permeable, UV-protective, and superhydrophobic coating. The as-prepared superhydrophobic aramid fabric exhibited highly superhydrophobic properties against various solutions of sauce, coffee, methylene blue, active red, Au nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles, HCl, and NaOH with liquid contact angles up to 152-160°. In addition, the superhydrophobic fabric exhibited excellent UV aging resistance (UV protection factor was 100+; 74.58% of strength retention for 24 h of UV radiation compared with 55.15% of untreated fabric), a self-cleaning function against solid soil, and original wearing characteristics, including good breaking strength and air permeability. The developed superhydrophobic coating technology may promote practical application in high-temperature environments for aramid fabrics due to its good UV resistance, chemical resistance, poromericity, superhydrophobicity, anti-fouling, and self-cleaning properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Min Shi
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
| | - Sijun Xu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
| | - Qilong Sun
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
| | - Gangwei Pan
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
| | - Lirong Yao
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University Nantong 226019 P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Zhu
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
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165
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Sopha H, Mirza I, Turčičova H, Pavlinak D, Michalicka J, Krbal M, Rodriguez-Pereira J, Hromadko L, Novák O, Mužík J, Smrž M, Kolibalova E, Goodfriend N, Bulgakova NM, Mocek T, Macak JM. Laser-induced crystallization of anodic TiO 2 nanotube layers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:22137-22145. [PMID: 35516600 PMCID: PMC9054590 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02929g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, crystallization of amorphous TiO2 nanotube (TNT) layers upon optimized laser annealing is shown. The resulting anatase TNT layers do not show any signs of deformation or melting. The crystallinity of the laser annealed TNT layers was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The study of the (photo-)electrochemical properties showed that the laser annealed TNT layers were more defective than conventional TNT layers annealed in a muffle oven at 400 °C, resulting in a higher charge recombination rate and lower photocurrent response. However, a lower overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction was observed for the laser annealed TNT layer compared to the oven annealed TNT layer. Laser treatment of amorphous TiO2 nanotube layers leads to their crystallization without deformation or formation of the thermal oxide layer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Sopha
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Nam. Cs. Legii 565 53002 Pardubice Czech Republic .,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Inam Mirza
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Hana Turčičova
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - David Pavlinak
- Department of Physical Electronics, Masaryk University Kotlářská 267/2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jan Michalicka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Milos Krbal
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Nam. Cs. Legii 565 53002 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Nam. Cs. Legii 565 53002 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Hromadko
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Nam. Cs. Legii 565 53002 Pardubice Czech Republic .,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Mužík
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Martin Smrž
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kolibalova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Nathan Goodfriend
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Nadezhda M Bulgakova
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mocek
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Radnicí 828 2524 Dolní Břežany Czech Republic
| | - Jan M Macak
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice Nam. Cs. Legii 565 53002 Pardubice Czech Republic .,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
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166
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Altomare M, Cha G, Schmuki P. Anodic nanoporous niobium oxide layers grown in pure molten ortho-phosphoric acid. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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167
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Silk Fibroin-Based Hybrid Nanostructured Coatings for Titanium Implantable Surfaces Modification. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10060518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes the development of new architectures that combine nanostructured titanium surface and biodegradable polymers as a promising approach to achieve a better performance after bioactive agent incorporation. The silk fibroin protein that was extracted from silkworm Bombyx mori cocoons is important due to the remarkable characteristics, such as biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, adjustable degradation and drug stabilizing capabilities. The titanium substrate was firstly nanostructurated with TiO2 nanotubes and then coated with silk fibroin using electrospinning and electrochemical deposition. The deposited silk film ability to become a bioactive implant coating with antibacterial properties after the encapsulation of the active agents such as CeO2 was investigated. Important features of the new implant coating were analysed: surface properties, electrochemical stability in physiological simulated electrolytes, and antibacterial action against Escherichia coli. The obtained results indicate that silk fibroin bioactive layers are a potential candidate for regenerative medicine.
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168
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Calcium phosphate formation on TiO2 nanomaterials of different dimensionality. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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169
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Werner D, Griesser C, Stock D, Griesser UJ, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Portenkirchner E. Substantially Improved Na-Ion Storage Capability by Nanostructured Organic-Inorganic Polyaniline-TiO 2 Composite Electrodes. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2020; 3:3477-3487. [PMID: 32363329 PMCID: PMC7189615 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Developing sodium (Na)-ion batteries is highly appealing because they offer the potential to be made from raw materials, which hold the promise to be less expensive, less toxic, and at the same time more abundant compared to state-of-the-art lithium (Li)-ion batteries. In this work, the Na-ion storage capability of nanostructured organic-inorganic polyaniline (PANI) titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite electrodes is studied. Self-organized, carbon-coated, and oxygen-deficient anatase TiO2-x -C nanotubes (NTs) are fabricated by a facile one-step anodic oxidation process followed by annealing at high temperatures in an argon-acetylene mixture. Subsequent electropolymerization of a thin film of PANI results in the fabrication of highly conductive and well-ordered, nanostructured organic-inorganic polyaniline-TiO2 composite electrodes. As a result, the PANI-coated TiO2-x -C NT composite electrodes exhibit higher Na storage capacities, significantly better capacity retention, advanced rate capability, and better Coulombic efficiencies compared to PANI-coated Ti metal and uncoated TiO2-x -C NTs for all current rates (C-rates) investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Werner
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Griesser
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Stock
- Institut für Konstruktion und Materialwissenschaften, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrich J. Griesser
- Institute of Pharmacy, University
of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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170
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Van Anh NT, Xuan MT, Binh PT, Thuy MTT. Investigation of photoelectrochemical properties of TiO 2
nanotube arrays prepared by anodization method. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Van Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Viet Nam
| | - Mai Thi Xuan
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Viet Nam
| | - Phan Thi Binh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Viet Nam
| | - Mai Thi Thanh Thuy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology; 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Hanoi 10000 Viet Nam
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171
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Zhou H, Xiao C, Yang Z, Du Y. 3D structured materials and devices for artificial photosynthesis. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:282001. [PMID: 32240995 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab85ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis is an effective way to convert solar energy into fuels, which is of great significance to energy production and reduction of atmospheric CO2 content. In recent years, 3D structured artificial photosynthetic system has made great progress as an effective design strategy. This review first highlights several typical mechanisms for improved artificial photosynthesis with 3D structures: improved light harvesting, mass transfer and charge separation. Then, we summarize typical examples of 3D structured artificial photosynthetic systems, including bioinspired structures, photonic crystals (PC), designed photonic structures (PC coupling structure, plasmon resonance structure, optical resonance structure, metamaterials), 3D-printed systems, nanowire integrated systems and hierarchical 3D structures. Finally, we discuss the problems and challenges to the application and development of 3D artificial photosynthetic system and the possible trends of future development. We hope this review can inspire more progress in the field of artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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172
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Tsuchiya H, Schmuki P. Less known facts and findings about TiO 2 nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8119-8132. [PMID: 32236272 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00367k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anodic TiO2 nanotubes that are grown on Ti substrates by a simple anodization in various types of fluoride containing electrolytes have attracted scientific and technological interest due to their wide potential applications, and therefore, numerous research efforts have been dedicated to these self-ordered oxide structures in the past decade. The present mini-review highlights less known but important aspects, such as the formation of spaced nanotubes with adjustable interspacing that is achieved in a few specific organic electrolytes, and strong effects of the metallic Ti substrate which significantly affect the growth of the tubes. We discuss the formation of oxide nanotubes grown from adequately alloyed substrates and noble metal nanoparticle decoration of tubes. We describe how specific heat-treatment can introduce a nanotwinned boundary in the oxide tube walls of single-walled nanotubes obtained by a decoring process. All the facts and findings were studied in recent years and TiO2 nanotubes can be upgraded with more optimized functionalities for their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tsuchiya
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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173
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Rambabu Y, Dhua S, Jaiswal M, Roy SC. High photoelectrochemical performance of reduced graphene oxide wrapped, CdS functionalized, TiO 2 multi-leg nanotubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:275701. [PMID: 32224516 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab84a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Absorption of visible light and separation of photogenerated charges are two primary pathways to improve the photocurrent performance of semiconductor photoelectrodes. Here, we present a unique design of tricomponent photocatalyst comprising of TiO2 multileg nanotubes (MLNTs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and CdS nanoparticles. The tricomponent photocatalyst shows a significant red-shift in the optical absorption (∼2.2 eV) compared to that of bare TiO2 MLNTs (∼3.2 eV). The availability of both inner and outer surfaces areas of MLNTs, the visible light absorption of CdS, and charge separating behavior of reduced graphene oxide layers contribute coherently to yield a photocurrent density of ∼11 mA cm-2 @ 1 V vs. Ag/AgCl (100 mW cm-2, AM 1.5 G). Such a high PEC performance from TiO2/rGO/CdS photoelectrode system has been analyzed using diffused reflectance (DRS) and electrochemical impedance (EIS) spectroscopy techniques. The efficient generation of charge carriers under light irradiation and easy separation because of favourable band alignment, are attributed to the high photoelectrochemical current density in these tricomponent photocatalyst systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Rambabu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India
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174
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Michalkova H, Skubalova Z, Sopha H, Strmiska V, Tesarova B, Dostalova S, Svec P, Hromadko L, Motola M, Macak JM, Adam V, Heger Z. Complex cytotoxicity mechanism of bundles formed from self-organised 1-D anodic TiO 2 nanotubes layers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:122054. [PMID: 31954312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports on a comprehensive investigation of mechanisms of in vitro cytotoxicity of high aspect ratio (HAR) bundles formed from anodic TiO2 nanotube (TNT) layers. Comparative cytotoxicity studies were performed using two types of HAR TNTs (diameter of ∼110 nm), differing in initial thickness of the nanotubular layer (∼35 μm for TNTs-1 vs. ∼10 μm for TNTs-2). Using two types of epithelial cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HEK-293), it was found that nanotoxicity is highly cell-type dependent and plausibly associates with higher membrane fluidity and decreased rigidity of cancer cells enabling penetration of TNTs to the cell membrane towards disruption of membrane integrity and reorganization of cytoskeletal network. Upon penetration, TNTs dysregulated redox homeostasis followed by DNA fragmentation and apoptotic/necrotic cell death. Both TNTs exhibited haemolytic activity and rapidly activated polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Throughout the whole study, TNTs-2 possessing a lower aspect ratio manifested significantly higher cytotoxic effects. Taken together, this is the first report comprehensively investigating the mechanisms underlying the nanotoxicity of bundles formed from self-organised 1-D anodic TNT layers. Except for description of nanotoxicity of industrially-interesting nanomaterials, the delineation of the nanotoxicity paradigm in cancer cells could serve as solid basis for future efforts in rational engineering of TNTs towards selective anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Michalkova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Skubalova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Hanna Sopha
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Vladislav Strmiska
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Barbora Tesarova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Simona Dostalova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Svec
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Ludek Hromadko
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Jan M Macak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia.
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175
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Enhanced interfacial adhesion and osseointegration of anodic TiO 2 nanotube arrays on ultra-fine-grained titanium and underlying mechanisms. Acta Biomater 2020; 106:360-375. [PMID: 32058083 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The poor adhesion of anodic TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) arrays on titanium (Ti) substrates adversely affects applications in many fields especially biomedical engineering. Herein, an efficient strategy is described to improve the adhesion strength of TNTs by performing grain refinement in the underlying Ti substrate via high-pressure torsion processing, as a larger number of grain boundaries can provide more interfacial mechanical anchorage. This process also improves the biocompatibility and osseointegration of TNTs by increasing the surface elastic modulus. The TNTs in length of 0.4 µm have significantly larger adhesion strength than the 2.0 µm long ones because the shorter TNTs experience less interfacial internal stress. However, post-anodization annealing reduces the fluorine concentration in TNTs and adhesion strength due to the formation of interfacial cavities during crystallization. The interfacial structure of TNTs/Ti system and the mechanism of adhesion failures are further investigated and discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Self-assembled TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) prepared by electrochemical anodization have a distinct morphology and superior properties, which are commonly used in photocatalytic systems, electronic devices, solar cells, sensors, as well as biomedical implants. However, the poor adhesion between the TNTs and Ti substrate has hampered wider applications. Here in this study, we describe an efficient strategy to improve the adhesion strength of TNTs by performing grain refinement in the underlying Ti substrate via high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing. The interfacial structure of TNTs/Ti system and the mechanism of adhesion failure are systematically studied and discussed. Our findings not only develop the knowledge of TNTs/Ti system, but also provide new insights into the design of Ti-based implants for orthopedic applications.
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176
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Photocatalytic removal of airborne indoor pollutants by IR illuminated silver coated TiO2 catalyst: Advantage of one-dimensional TiO2 nanostructures in IR active photocatalysis. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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177
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TiO 2 Nanotubes with Pt and Pd Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051195. [PMID: 32155943 PMCID: PMC7085067 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the magnetron sputtering technique was used to prepare new catalysts of formic acid electrooxidation based on TiO2 nanotubes decorated with Pt (platinum), Pd (palladium) or Pd + Pt nanoparticles. TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) with strictly defined geometry were produced by anodization of Ti foil and Ti mesh in a mixture of glycerol and water with ammonium fluoride electrolyte. The above mentioned catalytically active metal nanoparticles (NPs) were located mainly on the top of the TiO2 NTs, forming 'rings' and agglomerates. A part of metal nanoparticles decorated also TiO2 NTs walls, thus providing sufficient electronic conductivity for electron transportation between the metal nanoparticle rings and Ti current collector. The electrocatalytic activity of the TiO2 NTs/Ti foil, decorated by Pt, Pd and/or Pd + Pt NPs was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and new Pd/TiO2 NTs/Ti mesh catalyst was additionally tested in a direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC). The results so obtained were compared with commercial catalyst-Pd/Vulcan. CV tests have shown for carbon supported catalysts, that the activity of TiO2 NTs decorated with Pd was considerably higher than that one decorated with Pt. Moreover, for TiO2 NTs supported Pd catalyst specific activity (per mg of metal) was higher than that for well dispersed carbon supported commercial catalyst. The tests at DFAFC have revealed also that the maximum of specific power for 0.2 Pd/TiO2 catalyst was 70% higher than that of the commercial one, Pd/Vulcan. Morphological features, and/or peculiarities, as well as surface composition of the resulting catalysts have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and chemical surface analytical methods (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy-XPS; Auger electron spectroscopy-AES).
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178
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Knoll W, Azzaroni O, Duran H, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Lau KHA, Reimhult E, Yameen B. Nanoporous thin films in optical waveguide spectroscopy for chemical analytics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3299-3315. [PMID: 32107572 PMCID: PMC7214501 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopy with planar optical waveguides is still an active field of research for the quantitative analysis of various supramolecular surface architectures and processes, and for applications in integrated optical chip communication, direct chemical sensing, etc. In this contribution, we summarize some recent development in optical waveguide spectroscopy using nanoporous thin films as the planar substrates that can guide the light just as well as bulk thin films. This is because the nanoporosity is at a spacial length-scale that is far below the wavelength of the guided light; hence, it does not lead to an enhanced scattering or additional losses of the optical guided modes. The pores have mainly two effects: they generate an enormous inner surface (up to a factor of 100 higher than the mere geometric dimensions of the planar substrate) and they allow for the exchange of material and charges between the two sides of the solid thin film. We demonstrate this for several different scenarios including anodized aluminum oxide layers for the ultrasensitive determination of the refractive index of fluids, or the label-free detection of small analytes binding from the pore inner volume to receptors immobilized on the pore surface. Using a thin film of Ti metal for the anodization results in a nanotube array offering an even further enhanced inner surface and the possibility to apply electrical potentials via the resulting TiO2 semiconducting waveguide structure. Nanoporous substrates fabricated from SiNx thin films by colloid lithography, or made from SiO2 by e-beam lithography, will be presented as examples where the porosity is used to allow for the passage of ions in the case of tethered lipid bilayer membranes fused on top of the light-guiding layer, or the transport of protons through membranes used in fuel cell applications. The final example that we present concerns the replication of the nanopore structure by polymers in a process that leads to a nanorod array that is equally well suited to guide the light as the mold; however, it opens a totally new field for integrated optics formats for direct chemical and biomedical sensing with an extension to even molecularly imprinted structures. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Knoll
- Competence Centre for Electrochemical Surface Technology, 2700, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Competence Centre for Electrochemical Surface Technology, 2700, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de LaPlata - CONICET, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Hatice Duran
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - King Hang Aaron Lau
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Basit Yameen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, 54762, Pakistan
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179
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Zhang W, Tian Y, He H, Xu L, Li W, Zhao D. Recent advances in the synthesis of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials for energy and environmental applications. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:1702-1725. [PMID: 34691503 PMCID: PMC8288798 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their low cost, natural abundance, environmental benignity, plentiful polymorphs, good chemical stability and excellent optical properties, TiO2 materials are of great importance in the areas of physics, chemistry and material science. Much effort has been devoted to the synthesis of TiO2 nanomaterials for various applications. Among them, mesoporous TiO2 materials, especially with hierarchically porous structures, show great potential owing to their extraordinarily high surface areas, large pore volumes, tunable pore structures and morphologies, and nanoscale effects. This review aims to provide an overview of the synthesis and applications of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials. In the first section, the general synthetic strategies for hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials are reviewed. After that, we summarize the architectures of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials, including nanofibers, nanosheets, microparticles, films, spheres, core-shell and multi-level structures. At the same time, the corresponding mechanisms and the key factors for the controllable synthesis are highlighted. Following this, the applications of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials in terms of energy storage and environmental protection, including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic fuel generation, photoelectrochemical water splitting, catalyst support, lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries, are discussed. Finally, we outline the challenges and future directions of research and development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haili He
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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180
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Sopha H, Hromadko L, Motola M, Macak JM. Fabrication of TiO2 nanotubes on Ti spheres using bipolar electrochemistry. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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181
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Highly reversible crystal transformation of anodized porous V2O5 nanostructures for wide potential window high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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182
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WITHDRAWN: Titania nanotubes (TNTs) prepared through the complex compound of gallic acid with titanium; examining photocatalytic degradation of the obtained TNTs. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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183
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Gao S, Lu R, Wang X, Chou J, Wang N, Huai X, Wang C, Zhao Y, Chen S. Immune response of macrophages on super-hydrophilic TiO2 nanotube arrays. J Biomater Appl 2020; 34:1239-1253. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328220903249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joshua Chou
- Advanced Tissue Regeneration and Drug Delivery Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Na Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Huai
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Su Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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184
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Ji L, Spanu D, Denisov N, Recchia S, Schmuki P, Altomare M. A Dewetted-Dealloyed Nanoporous Pt Co-Catalyst Formed on TiO 2 Nanotube Arrays Leads to Strongly Enhanced Photocatalytic H 2 Production. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:301-309. [PMID: 31793241 PMCID: PMC7004064 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pt nanoparticles are typically decorated as co-catalyst on semiconductors to enhance the photocatalytic performance. Due to the low abundance and high cost of Pt, reaching a high activity with minimized co-catalyst loadings is a key challenge in the field. We explore a dewetting-dealloying strategy to fabricate on TiO2 nanotubes nanoporous Pt nanoparticles, aiming at improving the co-catalyst mass activity for H2 generation. For this, we sputter first Pt-Ni bi-layers of controllable thickness (nm range) on highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays, and then induce dewetting-alloying of the Pt-Ni bi-layers by a suitable annealing step in a reducing atmosphere: the thermal treatment causes the Pt and Ni films to agglomerate and at the same time mix with each other, forming on the TiO2 nanotube surface metal islands of a mixed PtNi composition. In a subsequent step we perform chemical dealloying of Ni that is selectively etched out from the bimetallic dewetted islands, leaving behind nanoporous Pt decorations. Under optimized conditions, the nanoporous Pt-decorated TiO2 structures show a>6 times higher photocatalytic H2 generation activity compared to structures modified with a comparable loading of dewetted, non-porous Pt. We ascribe this beneficial effect to the nanoporous nature of the dealloyed Pt co-catalyst, which provides an increased surface-to-volume ratio and thus a more efficient electron transfer and a higher density of active sites at the co-catalyst surface for H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergMartensstrasse 7Erlangen91058Germany
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNortheast Petroleum UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Chemical TechnologyDaqing163318China
| | - Davide Spanu
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergMartensstrasse 7Erlangen91058Germany
- Department of Science and High TechnologyUniversity of InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Nikita Denisov
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergMartensstrasse 7Erlangen91058Germany
| | - Sandro Recchia
- Department of Science and High TechnologyUniversity of InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergMartensstrasse 7Erlangen91058Germany
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityP.O. Box 80203Jeddah21569Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Altomare
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKOUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergMartensstrasse 7Erlangen91058Germany
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185
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Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Goldmann WH. Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 34138062 PMCID: PMC7770757 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical applications. TiO2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement, thermal conversion, specific surface area, and surface activity. This review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies, which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO2 nanostructures, while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for nanomedicine. The biodistribution, toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular adhesion, and endocytosis of these nanostructures, when exposed to biological microenvironments, are examined in regard to their geometry, size, and surface chemistry. The final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO2 nanostructures, specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue regeneration, as well as chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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186
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Visible Light Photodegradation of Formaldehyde over TiO 2 Nanotubes Synthesized via Electrochemical Anodization of Titanium Foil. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10010128. [PMID: 31936704 PMCID: PMC7022416 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized employing electrochemical anodization of titanium foil in an ionic liquid solution containing a mixture of glycerol and choline chloride, acting as electrolyte. The as-synthesized TiO2 NTs were calcined at 350, 450, or 550 °C for a 2 h duration to investigate the influence of calcination temperature on NTs formation, morphology, surface properties, crystallinity, and subsequent photocatalytic activity for visible light photodegradation of gaseous formaldehyde (HCHO). Results showed that the calcination temperature has a significant effect on the structure and coverage of TiO2 NTs on the surface. Freshly synthesized TiO2 NTs showed better-ordered structure compared to calcined samples. There was significant pore rupture with increasing calcination temperature. The transformation from anatase to rutile phase appeared after calcination at 450 °C and the weight fraction of the rutile phase increased from 19% to 36% upon increasing the calcination temperature to 550 °C. The band gaps of the TiO2 NTs were in the range from 2.80 to 2.74 eV, shifting the active region of the materials to visible light. The presence of mixed anatase–rutile TiO2 phases in the sample calcined at 450 °C showed enhanced photoactivity, which was confirmed by the 21.56 mg∙L−1∙g−1 removal of gaseous formaldehyde under 120 min of visible light irradiation and displayed enhanced quantum yield, ∅HCHO of 17%.
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187
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Ryzhkov NV, Yurova VY, Ulasevich SA, Skorb EV. Photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching effect on a pristine anodized Ti/TiO2 system as a platform for chemical logic devices. RSC Adv 2020; 10:12355-12359. [PMID: 35497609 PMCID: PMC9050699 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00205d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the effect of the photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching (PEPS) observed on highly-ordered pristine anodized Ti/TiO2 for the first time. At negative potential bias, blue irradiation gives cathodic photocurrent, whereas anodic photocurrent was observed for ultraviolet irradiation. We believe this phenomenon is due to the electron pathway provided by Ti3+ defect states. We report here the effect of the photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching (PEPS) observed on highly-ordered pristine anodized Ti/TiO2 for the first time.![]()
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188
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189
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Cheng L, Liu S, He G, Hu Y. The simultaneous removal of heavy metals and organic contaminants over a Bi2WO6/mesoporous TiO2 nanotube composite photocatalyst. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21228-21237. [PMID: 35518737 PMCID: PMC9054361 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03430d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Bi2WO6/mesoporous TiO2 nanotube composites (BWO/TNTs) were successfully synthesized to remove the heavy metal Cr(vi) and refractory organic compound dibutyl phthalate (DBP) from contaminated water under visible light. Coupling TNTs with BWO can greatly improve the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst for treating Cr(vi)–DBP mixed pollutants because of synergetic effects from Cr(vi) and DBP. Specifically, the visible-light photocatalytic activities of 3% BWO/TNTs for removing DBP and Cr(vi) from mixed pollutant solutions were 10.8 and 3.8 times higher than those of BWO. Firstly, this system can take full advantage of charge carriers and can spatially separate reduction sites and oxidation sites in the photocatalyst. Secondly, TNTs has a unique multiscale channel structure that can enhance mass transfer and light utilization. These characteristics lead to very obvious photocatalytic activity improvements. In addition, the BWO/TNTs composite photocatalysts exhibited excellent stability and durability under visible and UV light irradiation. This work demonstrated a feasible method for fabricating composite photocatalysts and applied them to the simultaneous removal of heavy metal and refractory organic pollutants from contaminated water. In this study, Bi2WO6/mesoporous TiO2 nanotube composites (BWO/TNTs) were successfully synthesized to remove the heavy metal Cr(vi) and refractory organic compound dibutyl phthalate (DBP) from contaminated water under visible light.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Sijia Liu
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Guangying He
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Yun Hu
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control
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190
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Low-Cost Synthesis of Cu-Modified Immobilized Nanoporous TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of 1H-Benzotriazole. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu-modified immobilized nanoporous TiO2 photocatalysts, prepared by electrochemical anodization of titanium foils, were obtained via four different synthesis methods: hydrothermal synthesis, anodization with Cu source, electrodeposition, and spin-coating, using two different copper sources, Cu(NO3)2 and Cu(acac)2. The objective of this research was to investigate how copper modifications can improve the photocatalytic activity of immobilized nanoporous TiO2 under the UV/solar light irradiation. The best photocatalytic performances were obtained for Cu-modifications using spin-coating. Therefore, the effect of irradiated catalyst surface areas on the adsorption of model pollutants, methylene blue (MB) and 1H-benzotriazole (BT), was examined for samples with Cu-modification by the spin-coating technique. The mechanisms responsible for increased degradation of MB and BT at high Cu concentrations (0.25 M and 0.5 M) and decreased degradation at low Cu loadings (0.0625 M and 0.125 M) were explained. 1H-benzotriazole was used to study the photocatalytic activity of the given samples because it is highly toxic and present in most water systems. The characterization of the synthesized Cu-modified photocatalysts in terms of phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology were investigated using X-ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
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191
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Hassan QU, Yang D, Zhou JP. Controlled Fabrication of K 2Ti 8O 17 Nanowires for Highly Efficient and Ultrafast Adsorption toward Methylene Blue. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:45531-45545. [PMID: 31729228 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced adsorbents need high adsorption rate and superior adsorption capability to clean up organic methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. We prepared K2Ti8O17 nanowires grown along the [0 1 0] direction with a one-step hydrothermal method. The K2Ti8O17 nanowires with tens of nanometers in diameter and tens of micrometers in length were achieved with smooth surfaces and twisted wire-like morphology. The K2Ti8O17 nanowires exhibit high uptake capacity of ∼208.8 mg·g-1 in the MB removal under equilibrium pH = 7. The adsorption equilibrium of MB onto the K2Ti8O17 adsorbent is achieved with a 97% removal rate of MB within only ∼21 min, which is the shortest adsorption time among the recently reported inorganic adsorbents toward MB. The adsorption process has a good agreement with the well-known pseudo-second-order kinetic model (k2 = 0.2) and the Langmuir isotherm model. Fourier transform infrared measurements suggest that the adsorption can be assigned to the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction between MB and K2Ti8O17. This ultrafast removal ability is due to the larger (0 2 0) interplanar spacing and zigzag surface structure of the nanowires, which provide abundant active adsorption sites. Thermodynamic parameters reflect the spontaneous, exothermic, and feasible uptake of MB. Besides, K2Ti8O17 nanowires enjoy high adsorptive ability for chromium(VI) ions and photocatalytic removal toward NO. This work highlights the great significance of K2Ti8O17 nanowires as a low-cost promising material used for the adsorptive elimination of organic contaminations in fast water purification on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qadeer Ul Hassan
- School of Physics and Information Technology , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dou Yang
- School of Physics and Information Technology , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhou
- School of Physics and Information Technology , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , People's Republic of China
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192
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Hwang I, Riboni F, Gongadze E, Iglič A, Yoo J, So S, Mazare A, Schmuki P. Dye-sensitized TiO 2 nanotube membranes act as a visible-light switchable diffusion gate. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4844-4852. [PMID: 36133131 PMCID: PMC9418696 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00480g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Here we report that both-end open anodic TiO2 nanotube membranes, after sensitization with a Ru(ii)-based dye, exhibit visible-light switching properties for flow-through the nanotube channels. Under illumination, the gate is in an open state providing ∼four-times faster permeation of small molecules through the membrane compared to a dark state. Switching is reversible with no apparent dye degradation being observed. Gating is possible not only of permeating dye molecules but also of nanoprobes such as polystyrene nanospheres. Supported by quantitative modelling, we attribute the switching mechanism to light-induced changes of the charge distribution at the dye/TiO2 interface which in turn alters the hydrodynamics within the anodic tube membranes. This demonstrates that these simple dye-sensitized nanotube membranes can be used as an optically addressable flow-through gate in nanofluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imgon Hwang
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Francesca Riboni
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Ekaterina Gongadze
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana Tržaška 25 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana Tržaška 25 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana Zaloška 9 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - JeongEun Yoo
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Seulgi So
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21569 Saudi Arabia
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193
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Díaz de León JN, Rodríguez JR, Rojas J, Esqueda-Barrón Y, Cardenas L, Ramesh Kumar C, Alonso-Nuñez G, Fuentes-Moyado S. New Insight on the Formation of Sodium Titanates 1D Nanostructures and Its Application on CO 2 Hydrogenation. Front Chem 2019; 7:750. [PMID: 31781539 PMCID: PMC6856218 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is focused on the study of a series of non-traditional catalytic nanomaterials to transform greenhouse CO2 gas into added-value products. We found encouraging results of CO2 hydrogenation activity over sodium titanates with different morphologies. The yield to methanol increases with the increase in the Na incorporated in the nanostructures confirming the proposed mechanism. Samples were prepared at different times of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) with NaOH solutions, and these materials were labeled as Ti-nR-x with x as the hours on the HTT. HRTEM initially showed sphere-shaped nanoparticles in the TiO2 commercial nanopowder, increasing the HTT resulted in morphological changes in which the structures passed from nanosheets and finally to nanorods after 30 h. The X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results indicated the formation of sodium titanates such as Na2Ti3O7 with short Ti-O bonds and that Na begins to be incorporated into the distorted TiO6 crystalline structure after 5 h of HTT (until 12 wt%). The crystalline and shape transformation resulted in a significant modification on the textural properties passing from 51 m2.g−1 to 150 m2.g−1 and from a pore volume of 0.12 cm3.g−1 to 1.03 cm3.g−1 for Ti-ref and Ti-nR-30 respectively. We also observed differences in the electronic properties as the bandgap presented a blue shift from 3.16 eV on the TiO2 reference nano-powder to 3.44 eV for the Ti-nR-30 calcined sample. This fact coincides with the presence of a more electron-rich state of the Ti4+ and the formation of negative charge layer induced by the presence of Na+ interlayer cations detected by XPS analysis, at the same this helped us to explain the catalytic activity results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Noé Díaz de León
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Jassiel R Rodríguez
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Joel Rojas
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Yasmin Esqueda-Barrón
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Luis Cardenas
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon - IRCELYON - UMR 5256, CNRS-UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chowdari Ramesh Kumar
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Alonso-Nuñez
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Sergio Fuentes-Moyado
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
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194
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Electrochemical Engineering of Nanoporous Materials for Photocatalysis: Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9120988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysis comprises a variety of light-driven processes in which solar energy is converted into green chemical energy to drive reactions such as water splitting for hydrogen energy generation, degradation of environmental pollutants, CO2 reduction and NH3 production. Electrochemically engineered nanoporous materials are attractive photocatalyst platforms for a plethora of applications due to their large effective surface area, highly controllable and tuneable light-harvesting capabilities, efficient charge carrier separation and enhanced diffusion of reactive species. Such tailor-made nanoporous substrates with rational chemical and structural designs provide new exciting opportunities to develop advanced optical semiconductor structures capable of performing precise and versatile control over light–matter interactions to harness electromagnetic waves with unprecedented high efficiency and selectivity for photocatalysis. This review introduces fundamental developments and recent advances of electrochemically engineered nanoporous materials and their application as platforms for photocatalysis, with a final prospective outlook about this dynamic field.
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195
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Zeng L, Li X, Zhao Q, Fan S, Zhang M, Yin Z, Chen A. Boosting interfacial charge transfer and electricity generation for levofloxacin elimination in a self-driven bio-driven photoelectrocatalytic system. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22042-22053. [PMID: 31720647 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05520g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has stimulated significant research interest as a promising electrode candidate in solar cells and energy conservation fields. Unfortunately, the short lower electron/hole migration lifetimes and easy agglomeration hamper its wide practical applications to some extent. Herein, interface engineering coupled with a bio-assisted photoelectrochemical (PEC) strategy is presented to construct a 0D MoS2 quantum dot (QD)/1D TiO2 nanotube electrode for pollutant elimination. Aimed at accelerating charge transfer over the 0D/1D composite interface, three types of coupling PEC models were developed to optimize the catalytic performance. The single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC)-PEC integrated system was found to be the best alternative for levofloxacin (LEV) elimination (0.029 min-1), and the sequential SCMFC-PEC further realized the whole system self-running independently. In addition, the interfacial electron migration and LEV degradation pathways were thoroughly investigated by LC/TOF/MS coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to clearly elucidate the electron transfer paths, LEV-attacked sites and mineralization pathways in a joint sequential SCMFC-PEC system. As such, the constructed self-recycling system provides a new platform for bio-photo-electrochemical utilization, which could exhibit promising potential in environmental purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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196
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Chen Q, Xia Z, Zhang Y, Wang S. Preparation oaf polyaniline/diazonium salt/TiO2 nanotube arrays as supercapacitor electrode by electrochemical grafting and deposition. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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197
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Baby R, Saifullah B, Hussein MZ. Carbon Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water and Environmental Remediation. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:341. [PMID: 31712991 PMCID: PMC6848366 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an advanced field of science having the ability to solve the variety of environmental challenges by controlling the size and shape of the materials at a nanoscale. Carbon nanomaterials are unique because of their nontoxic nature, high surface area, easier biodegradation, and particularly useful environmental remediation. Heavy metal contamination in water is a major problem and poses a great risk to human health. Carbon nanomaterials are getting more and more attention due to their superior physicochemical properties that can be exploited for advanced treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. Carbon nanomaterials namely carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene oxide, and activated carbon have great potential for removal of heavy metals from water because of their large surface area, nanoscale size, and availability of different functionalities and they are easier to be chemically modified and recycled. In this article, we have reviewed the recent advancements in the applications of these carbon nanomaterials in the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water and have also highlighted their application in environmental remediation. Toxicological aspects of carbon-based nanomaterials have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Baby
- Education Department Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Sindh 65200 Pakistan
- MSCL, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Bullo Saifullah
- MSCL, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- MSCL, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Gomes J, Lincho J, Domingues E, Gmurek M, Mazierski P, Zaleska-Medynska A, Klimczuk T, Quinta-Ferreira RM, Martins RC. TiO 2 nanotube arrays-based reactor for photocatalytic oxidation of parabens mixtures in ultrapure water: Effects of photocatalyst properties, operational parameters and light source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:79-89. [PMID: 31271992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-organized TiO2 nanotubes as immobilized photocatalysts were evaluated in detail for the photocatalytic degradation of parabens mixtures from ultrapure water. This kind of approach can be a very suitable option for emerging contaminants degradation considering the possibility of the catalyst reuse and recovery which will be simpler than when catalytic powders are used. The anodization method was applied for the TiO2 nanotubes production under different preparation voltages (20, 30 and 40 V). These preparation conditions are important on the morphological characteristics of nanotubes such as length, as well as internal and external diameters. The photocatalytic efficiency was dependent on the materials preparation voltages. The photocatalytic oxidation was evaluated using two different irradiation sources, namely UVA and sunlight. These irradiation sources were evaluated for parabens mixture degradation using different number of catalytic plates. The increase of the number of plates improved the parabens degradation possibly due to the availability of more active sites which can be relevant for the hydroxyl radical's generation. The effect of the reactor design was also evaluated using sunlight irradiation. The configuration, position and solar concentrators can be important for the performance of degradation. The mechanism of degradation was analysed through by-products formation under sunlight irradiation. The main responsible for parabens degradation was hydroxyl radical. Decarboxylation, dealkylation and hydroxylation seem to be the most important reactional steps for the mixture decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Gomes
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João Lincho
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eva Domingues
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Gmurek
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Pawel Mazierski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk. Poland
| | - Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk. Poland
| | - Tomasz Klimczuk
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Rosa M Quinta-Ferreira
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui C Martins
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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199
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Panžić I, Juraić K, Krstulović N, Šantić A, Belić D, Blažeka D, Plodinec M, Mandić V, Macan J, Hammud A, Ivanov D, Plaisier J, Willinger MG, Gracin D, Gajović A. ZnO@TiO 2 Core Shell Nanorod Arrays with Tailored Structural, Electrical, and Optical Properties for Photovoltaic Application. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213965. [PMID: 31683868 PMCID: PMC6864808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO has prominent electron transport and optical properties, beneficial for photovoltaic application, but its surface is prone to the formation of defects. To overcome this problem, we deposited nanostructured TiO2 thin film on ZnO nanorods to form a stable shell. ZnO nanorods synthesized by wet-chemistry are single crystals. Three different procedures for deposition of TiO2 were applied. The influence of preparation methods and parameters on the structure, morphology, electrical and optical properties were studied. Nanostructured TiO2 shells show different morphologies dependent on deposition methods: (1) separated nanoparticles (by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in Ar), (2) a layer with nonhomogeneous thickness (by PLD in vacuum or DC reactive magnetron sputtering), and (3) a homogenous thin layer along the nanorods (by chemical deposition). Based on the structural study, we chose the preparation parameters to obtain an anatase structure of the TiO2 shell. Impedance spectroscopy shows pure electron conductivity that was considerably better in all the ZnO@TiO2 than in bare ZnO nanorods or TiO2 layers. The best conductivity among the studied samples and the lowest activation energy was observed for the sample with a chemically deposited TiO2 shell. Higher transparency in the visible part of spectrum was achieved for the sample with a homogenous TiO2 layer along the nanorods, then in the samples with a layer of varying thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Panžić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Krunoslav Juraić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nikša Krstulović
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana Šantić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Domagoj Belić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Damjan Blažeka
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Milivoj Plodinec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vilko Mandić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Macan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Adnan Hammud
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Danail Ivanov
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jasper Plaisier
- Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy.
| | - Marc Gregor Willinger
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
- ETH Zürich, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Davor Gracin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Gajović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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200
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Effects of organic solvents in anodization electrolytes on the morphology and tube-to-tube spacing of TiO2 nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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