151
|
Radke K, Hansson K, Sjölund J, Wolska M, Karlsson J, Esfandyari J, Pietras K, Aaltonen K, Gisselsson D, Bexell D. Anti-tumor effects of rigosertib in high-risk neuroblastoma. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101149. [PMID: 34118691 PMCID: PMC8207190 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma has a poor prognosis despite intense treatment, demonstrating the need for new therapeutic strategies. Here we evaluated the effects of rigosertib (ON-01910.Na) in preclinical models of high-risk neuroblastoma. Among several hundred cancer cell lines representing 24 tumor types, neuroblastoma was the most sensitive to rigosertib. Treatment of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma organoids resulted in organoid disintegration, decreased cell viability, and increased apoptotic cell death. Neuroblastoma response to rigosertib involved G2M cell cycle arrest and decreased phosphorylation of AKT (Ser473) and ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204). Rigosertib delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival of mice carrying neuroblastoma MYCN-amplified PDX tumors (median survival: 31 days, treated; 22 days, vehicle) accompanied with increased apoptosis in treated tumors. We further identified vincristine and rigosertib as a potential promising drug combination treatment. Our results show that rigosertib might be a useful therapeutic agent for MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas, especially in combination with existing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Radke
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Hansson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sjölund
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Wolska
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Javanshir Esfandyari
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Aaltonen
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Gisselsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Medical Services, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Bexell
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Clark RA, Newton M, Qiao J, Lee S, Chung DH. Reactivation of silenced α-N-catenin induces retinoic acid sensitivity in neuroblastoma cells. Surgery 2021; 170:1546-1553. [PMID: 34092372 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk neuroblastoma remains the most difficult pediatric solid tumor to treat and is associated with chemotherapy and radiation resistance that may be secondary to epigenetic modifications. We have previously found that α-N-catenin, a cell-adhesion protein encoded by the gene CTNNA2, plays a tumor suppressor role in neuroblastoma by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. A subset of neuroblastoma tumors that lack α-N-catenin are resistant to all-trans retinoic acid. However, the mechanism of CTNNA2 silencing in neuroblastoma remains unknown. Herein, we sought to determine the mechanism of α-N-catenin silencing in neuroblastoma. METHODS Two human neuroblastoma cell lines, SK-N-AS and BE(2)-C, were stably transfected with a plasmid expressing CTNNA2. Both cell lines were treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A alone and in combination with retinoic acid. Cell survival and colony formation were measured. Cellular differentiation and expression of cell survival signaling pathways were analyzed. Immunoblotting and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to examine protein and messenger RNA expression. RESULTS Retinoic acid treatment induced cellular differentiation and inhibited cellular proliferation in BE(2)-C cells but did not induce differentiation in SK-N-AS cells. Re-expression of α-N-catenin enhanced the sensitivity to retinoic acid-induced cell growth arrest and downregulated key cell survival pathways in both cell lines. Trichostatin A treatment induced CTNNA2 expression in SK-N-AS cells, and combination treatment with Trichostatin A induced retinoic acid sensitivity in retinoic acid-resistant cells. CONCLUSION Re-expression of α-N-catenin in retinoic acid-resistant cells induced sensitivity to retinoic acid treatment and is controlled epigenetically via histone deacetylase. α-N-catenin is a potential biomarker for retinoic acid sensitivity and combination treatment with Trichostatin A and retinoic acid may improve survival among children with high-risk, retinoic acid-resistant neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Clark
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Micah Newton
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jingbo Qiao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Sora Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Dai H Chung
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Liquid biomarkers for the management of paediatric neuroblastoma: an approach to personalised and targeted cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396920000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour of infancy and accounts for about 6–10% of paediatric cancers. It has a biologically and clinically heterogeneous behaviour that ranges from spontaneous regression to cases of highly aggressive metastatic disease that could be unresponsive to standard therapy. In recent years, there have been several investigations into the development of various diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers towards personalised and targeted management of the disease.Materials and Methods:This paper reports on the review of current clinical and emerging biomarkers used in risk assessment, screening for early detection and diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring of the response of treatment of neuroblastoma in paediatric patients.Conclusions:Tumour markers can significantly improve diagnosis; however, the invasive, unpleasant and inconvenient nature of current tissue biopsies limits their applications, especially in paediatric patients. Therefore, the development of a non-invasive, reliable high accurate and personalised diagnostic tool capable of early detection and rapid response is the most promising step towards advanced cancer management from tumour diagnosis, therapy to patient monitoring and represents an important step towards the promise of precision, personalised and targeted medicine. Liquid biopsy assay with wide ranges of clinical applications is emerging to hold incredible potential for advancing cancer treatment and has greater promise for diagnostic purposes, identification and tracking of tumour-specific alterations during the course of the disease and to guide therapeutic decisions.
Collapse
|
154
|
Ashok G, Miryala SK, Anbarasu A, Ramaiah S. Integrated systems biology approach using gene network analysis to identify the important pathways and new potential drug targets for Neuroblastoma. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
155
|
Molecular Genetics in Neuroblastoma Prognosis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060456. [PMID: 34072462 PMCID: PMC8226597 DOI: 10.3390/children8060456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, much research has been carried out to identify the biological and genetic characteristics of the neuroblastoma (NB) tumor in order to precisely define the prognostic subgroups for improving treatment stratification. This review will describe the major genetic features and the recent scientific advances, focusing on their impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic solutions in NB clinical management.
Collapse
|
156
|
Fang X, Wang S, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Li X, Tai J, Ni X. A population-based analysis of clinical features and lymph node dissection in head and neck malignant neurogenic tumors. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:598. [PMID: 34030648 PMCID: PMC8146628 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08307-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The influence of lymph node dissection (LND) on survival in patients with head and neck neurogenic tumors remains unclear. We aimed to determine the effect of LND on the outcomes of patients with head and neck neurogenic tumors. Methods Data of patients with surgically treated head and neck neurogenic tumors were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1975–2016) to investigate the relationship between LND and clinical outcomes by survival analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed in IVa and IVb group. Results In total, 662 head and neck neurogenic tumor patients (median age: 49.0 [0–91.0] years) met the inclusion criteria, of whom 13.1% were in the IVa group and 86.9% were in the IVb group. The median follow-up time was 76.0 months (range: 6.0–336.0 months), and the 5-year and 10-year overall survival was 82.4% (95% CI, 0.79–0.85) and 69.0% (95% CI, 0.64–0.73). Cox regression analysis revealed older age (P < .001), advanced stage (P = .037), African American race (P = .002), diagnosis before 2004 (P < .001), and chemotherapy administration (P < .001) to be independent negative predictors of overall survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that LND was not a predictor of clinical nodal negativity (cN0) in either IVa or IVb patients. Conclusions In head and neck neurogenic patients, LND may not impact the outcome of cN0 in either IVa or IVb group. These data can be recommended in guiding surgical plan and future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Junyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yamei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Brignole C, Pastorino F, Perri P, Amoroso L, Bensa V, Calarco E, Ponzoni M, Corrias MV. Bone Marrow Environment in Metastatic Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102467. [PMID: 34069335 PMCID: PMC8158729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the interactions occurring in the BM environment has been facilitated by the peculiar nature of metastatic NB. In fact: (i) metastases are present at diagnosis; (ii) metastases are confined in a very specific tissue, the BM, suggestive of a strong attraction and possibility of survival; (iii) differently from adult cancers, NB metastases are available because the diagnostic procedures require morphological examination of BM; (iv) NB metastatic cells express surface antigens that allow enrichment of NB metastatic cells by immune-magnetic separation; and (v) patients with localized disease represent an internal control to discriminate specific alterations occurring in the metastatic niche from generic alterations determined by the neoplastic growth at the primary site. Here, we first review the information regarding the features of BM-infiltrating NB cells. Then, we focus on the alterations found in the BM of children with metastatic NB as compared to healthy children and children with localized NB. Specifically, information regarding all the BM cell populations and their sub-sets will be first examined in the context of BM microenvironment in metastatic NB. In the last part, the information regarding the soluble factors will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Brignole
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Fabio Pastorino
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrizia Perri
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Loredana Amoroso
- Pediatric Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Veronica Bensa
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Enzo Calarco
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Maria Valeria Corrias
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (P.P.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Li J, Wang Y, Li L, Or PMY, Wai Wong C, Liu T, Ho WLH, Chan AM. Tumour-derived substrate-adherent cells promote neuroblastoma survival through secreted trophic factors. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2011-2025. [PMID: 33932101 PMCID: PMC8334291 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children. NB is highly heterogeneous and is comprised of a mixture of neuroblastic cancer cells and stromal cells. We previously reported that N‐type cells (neuroblastic cells) and S‐type cells (substrate‐adherent cells) in the SK‐N‐SH cell line shared almost identical genetic backgrounds. Sublines of N‐ and S‐type cells were isolated from an early passage (P35) of SK‐N‐SH. Sequencing analysis revealed that all sublines harboured the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) F1174L mutation, indicating that they were tumour derived. Surprisingly, over 74% resembled S‐type cells. In coculture experiments, S‐type cells protected N‐type cells from apoptosis induced by the oncogenic ALK inhibitor TAE684. Western blotting analyses showed that ALK, protein kinase A (AKT) and STAT3 signalling were stimulated in the cocultures. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from S‐type cells activated these downstream signalling molecules in the N‐type cells. The activation of STAT3 in the N‐type cells was ALK‐independent, while AKT was regulated by the ALK activation status. To identify the responsible soluble factors, we used a combination of transcriptomic and proteomic analysis and found that plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich, periostin and galectin‐1 were potential mediators of STAT3 signalling. The addition of recombinant proteins to the tumour cells treated with the ALK inhibitor partially enhanced cell viability. Overall, the tumour‐derived S‐type cells prevented apoptosis in the N‐type cells via ALK‐independent STAT3 activation triggered by secreted factors. The inhibition of these factors in combination with ALK inhibition could provide a new direction for targeted therapies to treat high‐risk NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lisha Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Penelope M-Y Or
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wai Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tian Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wayne L H Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrew M Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Chae SY, Nam D, Hyeon DY, Hong A, Lee TD, Kim S, Im D, Hong J, Kang C, Lee JW, Hwang D, Lee SW, Kim HI. DNA repair and cholesterol-mediated drug efflux induce dose-dependent chemoresistance in nutrient-deprived neuroblastoma cells. iScience 2021; 24:102325. [PMID: 33889821 PMCID: PMC8050388 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a solid, heterogeneous pediatric tumor. Chemotherapy is widely used to treat neuroblastoma. However, dose-dependent responses and chemoresistance mechanisms of neuroblastoma cells to anticancer drugs remain challenging. Here, we investigated the dose-dependent effects of topotecan on human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH, SH-SY5Y, and SK-N-BE) under various nutrient supply conditions. Serum-starved human neuroblastoma cells showed reduced toxicity. Their survival rate increased upon treatment with a high concentration (1 μM) of topotecan. Quantitative profiling of global and phosphoproteome identified 12,959 proteins and 48,812 phosphosites, respectively, from SK-N-SH cells. Network analysis revealed that topotecan upregulated DNA repair and cholesterol-mediated topotecan efflux, resulting in topotecan resistance. Results of DNA damage assay, cell cycle, and quantitative analyses of membrane cholesterol supported the validity of these resistance factors and their applicability to all neuroblastoma cells. Our results provide a model for high dose-dependent chemoresistance in neuroblastoma cells that could enable a patient-dependent chemotherapy screening strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dowoon Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Hyeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy Dain Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjoon Im
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hugh I. Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Koeniger A, Brichkina A, Nee I, Dempwolff L, Hupfer A, Galperin I, Finkernagel F, Nist A, Stiewe T, Adhikary T, Diederich W, Lauth M. Activation of Cilia-Independent Hedgehog/GLI1 Signaling as a Novel Concept for Neuroblastoma Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081908. [PMID: 33921042 PMCID: PMC8071409 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Elevated GLI1 expression levels are associated with improved survival in NB patients and GLI1 overexpression exerts tumor-suppressive traits in cultured NB cells. However, NB cells are protected from increased GLI1 levels as they have lost the ability to form primary cilia and transduce Hedgehog signals. This study identifies an isoxazole (ISX) molecule with primary cilia-independent GLI1-activating properties, which blocks NB cell growth. Mechanistically, ISX combines the removal of GLI3 repressor and the inhibition of class I HDACs, providing proof-of-principle evidence that small molecule-mediated activation of GLI1 could be harnessed therapeutically in the future. Abstract Although being rare in absolute numbers, neuroblastoma (NB) represents the most frequent solid tumor in infants and young children. Therapy options and prognosis are comparably good for NB patients except for the high risk stage 4 class. Particularly in adolescent patients with certain genetic alterations, 5-year survival rates can drop below 30%, necessitating the development of novel therapy approaches. The developmentally important Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is involved in neural crest differentiation, the cell type being causal in the etiology of NB. However, and in contrast to its function in some other cancer types, Hedgehog signaling and its transcription factor GLI1 exert tumor-suppressive functions in NB, rendering GLI1 an interesting new candidate for anti-NB therapy. Unfortunately, the therapeutic concept of pharmacological Hh/GLI1 pathway activation is difficult to implement as NB cells have lost primary cilia, essential organelles for Hh perception and activation. In order to bypass this bottleneck, we have identified a GLI1-activating small molecule which stimulates endogenous GLI1 production without the need for upstream Hh pathway elements such as Smoothened or primary cilia. This isoxazole compound potently abrogates NB cell proliferation and might serve as a starting point for the development of a novel class of NB-suppressive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Koeniger
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.K.); (A.B.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Anna Brichkina
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.K.); (A.B.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Iris Nee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (I.N.); (L.D.); (W.D.)
| | - Lukas Dempwolff
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (I.N.); (L.D.); (W.D.)
| | - Anna Hupfer
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.K.); (A.B.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Ilya Galperin
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.K.); (A.B.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Andrea Nist
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Genomics Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Genomics Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Till Adhikary
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics and Biostatistics, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Wibke Diederich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (I.N.); (L.D.); (W.D.)
- Core Facility Medicinal Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.K.); (A.B.); (A.H.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Dondero A, Morini M, Cangelosi D, Mazzocco K, Serra M, Spaggiari GM, Rotta G, Tondo A, Locatelli F, Castellano A, Scuderi F, Sementa AR, Eva A, Conte M, Garaventa A, Bottino C, Castriconi R. Multiparametric flow cytometry highlights B7-H3 as a novel diagnostic/therapeutic target in GD2neg/low neuroblastoma variants. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002293. [PMID: 33795387 PMCID: PMC8021887 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-risk neuroblastomas (HR-NBs) are rare, aggressive pediatric cancers characterized by resistance to therapy and relapse in more than 30% of cases, despite using an aggressive therapeutic protocol including targeting of GD2. The mechanisms responsible for therapy resistance are unclear and might include the presence of GD2neg/low NB variants and/or the expression of immune checkpoint ligands such as B7-H3. Method Here, we describe a multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) combining the acquisition of 106 nucleated singlets, Syto16pos CD45neg CD56pos cells, and the analysis of GD2 and B7-H3 surface expression. 41 bone marrow (BM) aspirates from 25 patients with NB, at the onset or relapse, are analyzed, comparing results with cytomorphological analysis (CA) and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC). Spike in experiments assesses the sensitivity of MFC. Kaplan-Meier analysis on 498 primary NBs selects novel prognostic markers possibly integrating the MFC panel. Results No false positive are detected, and MFC shows high sensitivity (0.0005%). Optimized MFC identifies CD45negCD56pos NB cells in 11 out of 12 (91.6%) of BM indicated as infiltrated by CA, 7 of which coexpress high levels of GD2 and B7-H3. MFC detects CD45negCD56posGD2neg/low NB variants expressing high surface levels of B7-H3 in two patients with HR-NB (stage M) diagnosed at 53 and 139 months of age. One of them has a non-MYCN amplified tumor with unusual THpos PHOX2Bneg phenotype, which relapsed 141 months post-diagnosis with BM infiltration and a humerus lesion. All GD2neg/low NB variants are detected in patients at relapse. Kaplan-Meier analysis highlights an interesting dichotomous prognostic value of MML5, ULBPs, PVR, B7-H6, and CD47, ligands involved in NB recognition by the immune system. Conclusions Our study validates a sensitive MFC analysis providing information on GD2 and B7-H3 surface expression and allowing fast, specific and sensitive evaluation of BM tumor burden. With other routinely used diagnostic and prognostic tools, MFC can improve diagnosis, prognosis, orienting novel personalized treatments in patients with GD2low/neg NB, who might benefit from innovative therapies combining B7-H3 targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dondero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Morini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Cangelosi
- Clinical Bioinformatic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Katia Mazzocco
- UOC Anatomia Patologica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Serra
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Annalisa Tondo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandra Eva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Conte
- UOC Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Bottino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy .,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Castriconi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Degli Esposti C, Iadarola B, Maestri S, Beltrami C, Lavezzari D, Morini M, De Marco P, Erminio G, Garaventa A, Zara F, Delledonne M, Ognibene M, Pezzolo A. Exosomes from Plasma of Neuroblastoma Patients Contain Doublestranded DNA Reflecting the Mutational Status of Parental Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073667. [PMID: 33915956 PMCID: PMC8036333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive infancy tumor, leading cause of death among preschool age diseases. Here we focused on characterization of exosomal DNA (exo-DNA) isolated from plasma cell-derived exosomes of neuroblastoma patients, and its potential use for detection of somatic mutations present in the parental tumor cells. Exosomes are small extracellular membrane vesicles secreted by most cells, playing an important role in intercellular communications. Using an enzymatic method, we provided evidence for the presence of double-stranded DNA in the NB exosomes. Moreover, by whole exome sequencing, we demonstrated that NB exo-DNA represents the entire exome and that it carries tumor-specific genetic mutations, including those occurring on known oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in neuroblastoma (ALK, CHD5, SHANK2, PHOX2B, TERT, FGFR1, and BRAF). NB exo-DNA can be useful to identify variants responsible for acquired resistance, such as mutations of ALK, TP53, and RAS/MAPK genes that appear in relapsed patients. The possibility to isolate and to enrich NB derived exosomes from plasma using surface markers, and the quick and easy extraction of exo-DNA, gives this methodology a translational potential in the clinic. Exo-DNA can be an attractive non-invasive biomarker for NB molecular diagnostic, especially when tissue biopsy cannot be easily available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Degli Esposti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Barbara Iadarola
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Simone Maestri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Cristina Beltrami
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Denise Lavezzari
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Martina Morini
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Patrizia De Marco
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
| | - Giovanni Erminio
- Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Alberto Garaventa
- Divisione di Oncologia, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federico Zara
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.D.E.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (C.B.); (D.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Marzia Ognibene
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-56362601
| | | |
Collapse
|
163
|
Osipyan A, Chen D, Dekker FJ. Epigenetic regulation in macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-mediated signaling in cancer and inflammation. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1728-1734. [PMID: 33746067 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are important for the regular development and maintenance of the tissue-specific expression of cytokine genes. One of the crucial cytokines involved in cancer and inflammation is macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which triggers the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways by binding to CD74 and other receptors. Altered expression of this cytokine and altered activity states of the connected pathways are linked to inflammatory disease and cancer. Therapeutic strategies based on epigenetic mechanisms have the potential to regulate MIF-mediated signaling in cancer and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Osipyan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Deng Chen
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Dekker
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Proteomic investigation of Cbl and Cbl-b in neuroblastoma cell differentiation highlights roles for SHP-2 and CDK16. iScience 2021; 24:102321. [PMID: 33889818 PMCID: PMC8050387 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a highly heterogeneous embryonal solid tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. As some tumors can be treated to undergo differentiation, investigating this process can guide differentiation-based therapies of neuroblastoma. Here, we studied the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases Cbl and Cbl-b in regulation of long-term signaling responses associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth, a morphological marker of neuroblastoma cell differentiation. Using quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, we analyzed how the neuroblastoma cell line proteome, phosphoproteome, and ubiquitylome were affected by Cbl and Cbl-b depletion. To quantitatively assess neurite outgrowth, we developed a high-throughput microscopy assay that was applied in combination with inhibitor studies to pinpoint signaling underlying neurite outgrowth and to functionally validate proteins identified in the MS data sets. Using this combined approach, we identified a role for SHP-2 and CDK16 in Cbl/Cbl-b-dependent regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth, highlighting their involvement in neuroblastoma cell differentiation. Multi-layered proteomics captures cellular changes induced by Cbl/Cbl-b depletion SHP-2 and CDK16 protein and phosphorylation levels increase upon Cbl/Cbl-b depletion SHP-2 and CDK16 regulate phospho-ERK and neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma cells Inhibition of SHP-2 or CDK16 reverts Cbl/Cbl-b knockdown effects on differentiation
Collapse
|
165
|
Qin W, Pei H, Li X, Li J, Yao X, Zhang R. Serum Protein N-Glycosylation Signatures of Neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603417. [PMID: 33796450 PMCID: PMC8008057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial childhood solid tumor which accounts for 10% of the malignancies and 15% of the cancer fatalities in children. N-glycosylation is one of the most frequent post-translation protein modification playing a vital role in numerous cancers. N-glycosylation changes in neuroblastoma patient serum have not been studied in existing reports. The comprehensive analyses of serum N-glycomics in neuroblastoma can provide useful information of potential disease biomarkers and new insights of the pathophysiology in neuroblastoma. Methods The total serum protein N-glycosylation was analyzed in 33 neuroblastoma patients and 40 age- and sex-matched non-malignant controls. N-glycans were enzymatically released, derivatized to discriminate linkage-specific sialic acid, purified by HILIC-SPE, and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Peak areas were acquired by the software of MALDI-MS sample acquisition, processed and analyzed by the software of Progenesis MALDI. Results Three glyco-subclasses and six individual N-glycans were significantly changed in neuroblastoma patients compared with controls. The decreased levels of high mannose N-glycans, hybrid N-glycans, and increased levels of α2,3-sialylated N-glycans, multi-branched sialylated N-glycans were observed in neuroblastoma patients. what is more, a glycan panel combining those six individual N-glycans showed a strong discrimination performance, with an AUC value of 0.8477. Conclusions This study provides new insights into N-glycosylation characteristics in neuroblastoma patient serum. The analyses of total serum protein N-glycosylation could discriminate neuroblastoma patients from non-malignant controls. The alterations of the N-glycomics may play a suggestive role for neuroblastoma diagnosis and advance our understanding of the pathophysiology in neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Qin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelian Yao
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rufang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Clinical and Pathological Evidence of Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy Induced Differentiation in Relapsed/Refractory High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061264. [PMID: 33809255 PMCID: PMC7998131 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The anti-tumor activity of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been demonstrated by the capacity to mediate immunological cytotoxicity but also through direct cell death induction. Recently, studies with anti-GD2 mAbs for high-risk (HR)-neuroblastoma (NB) patients with measurable disease, with or without chemotherapy, have reported significant objective responses. In this subgroup of patients, we observed that, while being treated with the mAb naxitamab, some chemorefractory lesions showed long periods of stable disease. Here, we report a comprehensive imaging evaluation of those lesions correlating with histopathological demonstration of naxitamab-induced tissue differentiation. Our results suggest an undescribed mechanism of action for anti-GD2 mAbs. Abstract Background: Neuroblastic tumors (NBTs) originate from a block in the process of differentiation. Histologically, NBTs are classified in neuroblastoma (NB), ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), and ganglioneuroma (GN). Current therapy for high-risk (HR) NB includes chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Anti-GD2 mAbs induce immunological cytoxicity but also direct cell death. Methods: We report on patients treated with naxitamab for chemorefractory NB showing lesions with long periods of stable disease. Target lesions with persisting 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake after 4 cycles of immunotherapy were further evaluated by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). MIBG avid lesions that became non-restrictive on MRI (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) > 1) and/or FDG-PET negative (SUV < 2) were biopsied. Results: Twenty-seven relapse/refractory (R/R) HR-NB patients were enrolled on protocol Ymabs 201. Two (7.5%) of the 27 showed persistent bone lesions on MIBG, ADC high, and/or FDG-PET negative. Forty-four R/R HR-NB patients received chemo-immunotherapy. Twelve (27%) of the 44 developed persistent MIBG+ but FDG-PET- and/or high ADC lesions. Twelve (86%) of the 14 cases identified were successfully biopsied producing 16 evaluable samples. Histology showed ganglioneuroma maturing subtype in 6 (37.5%); ganglioneuroma mature subtype with no neuroblastic component in 4 (25%); differentiating NB with no Schwannian stroma in 5 (31%); and undifferentiated NB without Schwannian stroma in one (6%). Overall, 10 (62.5%) of the 16 specimens were histopathologically fully mature NBTs. Conclusions: Our results disclose an undescribed mechanism of action for naxitamab and highlight the limitations of conventional imaging in the evaluation of anti-GD2 immunotherapy clinical efficacy for HR-NB.
Collapse
|
167
|
Xu H, Buhtoiarov IN, Guo H, Cheung NKV. A novel multimeric IL15/IL15Rα-Fc complex to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1893500. [PMID: 33763293 PMCID: PMC7954438 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1893500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of T cells in controlling human cancers is well known. Their success requires continued persistence in vivo and efficient trafficking to tumor sites, requirements shared by other effectors such as Natural Killer (NK) cells. To date, cytokine IL2 remains the only clinically approved cytokine therapy available to expand, maintain, and activate these effector lymphoid cells, but toxicities can be severe. Cytokine IL15 offers similar T cell proliferation and activation properties, but without the unwanted side-effects seen with IL2. Several IL15-cytokine fusion proteins have been developed to improve their in vivo function, typically exploiting the IL15Rα to complex with IL15, to extend serum half-life and increase affinity for IL15β receptor on immune cells. Here we describe a novel IL15 complex incorporating the full-length IL15Rα to complex with wild type IL15 to form spontaneous trimers of dimers (6 IL15 + 6 IL15Rα) during co-expression, resulting in a substantial increase in serum half-life and enhancement of in vivo cytokine effect on IgG or T cell engaging antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicities, when compared to alternative strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ilia N Buhtoiarov
- Departments of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatric Hematology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hongfen Guo
- Departments of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Departments of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Tao T, Shi H, Wang M, Perez-Atayde AR, London WB, Gutierrez A, Lemos B, Durbin AD, Look AT. Ganglioneuromas are driven by activated AKT and can be therapeutically targeted with mTOR inhibitors. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151986. [PMID: 32728700 PMCID: PMC7537400 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral sympathetic nervous system tumors are the most common extracranial solid tumors of childhood and include neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma. Surgery is the only effective therapy for ganglioneuroma, which may be challenging due to the location of the tumor and involvement of surrounding structures. Thus, there is a need for well-tolerated presurgical therapies that could reduce the size and extent of ganglioneuroma and therefore limit surgical morbidity. Here, we found that an AKT–mTOR–S6 pathway was active in human ganglioneuroma but not neuroblastoma samples. Zebrafish transgenic for constitutively activated myr-Akt2 in the sympathetic nervous system were found to develop ganglioneuroma without progression to neuroblastoma. Inhibition of the downstream AKT target, mTOR, in zebrafish with ganglioneuroma effectively reduced the tumor burden. Our results implicate activated AKT as a tumorigenic driver in ganglioneuroma. We propose a clinical trial of mTOR inhibitors as a means to shrink large ganglioneuromas before resection in order to reduce surgical morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health & Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Wendy B London
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bernardo Lemos
- Department of Environmental Health & Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Adam D Durbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - A Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Neuroblastoma Therapy for Delivery of Anti-Cancer Agents and Hematopoietic Recovery. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030161. [PMID: 33668854 PMCID: PMC7996318 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common pediatric cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death in infancy. Conventional therapies including high-dose chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy approach a limit in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma and prevention of relapse. In the last two decades, research unraveled a potential use of mesenchymal stromal cells in tumor therapy, as tumor-selective delivery vehicles for therapeutic compounds and oncolytic viruses and by means of supporting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Based on pre-clinical and clinical advances in neuroblastoma and other malignancies, we assess both the strong potential and the associated risks of using mesenchymal stromal cells in the therapy for neuroblastoma. Furthermore, we examine feasibility and safety aspects and discuss future directions for harnessing the advantageous properties of mesenchymal stromal cells for the advancement of therapy success.
Collapse
|
170
|
Johnston K, Pachnis P, Tasdogan A, Faubert B, Zacharias LG, Vu HS, Rodgers-Augustyniak L, Johnson A, Huang F, Ricciardo S, Zhao Z, Mathews TP, Watt T, Leavey P, DeBerardinis RJ. Isotope tracing reveals glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in childhood tumors of multiple histologies. MED 2021; 2:395-410. [PMID: 33860280 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Survival among children with high-risk solid tumors remains poor. Reprogrammed metabolism promotes tumor growth and may contain therapeutic liabilities. Tumor metabolism has been assessed in adults using intra-operative 13C-glucose infusions. Pediatric tumors differ from adult cancers in their low mutational burden and derivation from embryonic tissues. Here we used 13C infusions to examine tumor metabolism in children, comparing phenotypes among tumor types and between childhood and adult cancers. Methods Patients recruited to study NCT03686566 received an intra-operative infusion of [U-13C]glucose during tumor resection to evaluate central carbon pathways in the tumor, with concurrent metabolomics to provide a broad overview of metabolism. Differential characteristics were determined using multiple comparison tests and mixed effect analyses. Findings We studied 23 tumors from 22 patients. All tumors analyzed by [U-13C]glucose contained labeling in glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. Labeling in the TCA cycle indicated activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and pyruvate carboxylase (PC), with PDH predominating. Neuroblastomas had high lactate labeling relative to other childhood cancers and lung cancer, and were distinguished by abundant tyrosine catabolites consistent with catecholamine synthesis. Conclusions Intra-operative [U13C]glucose infusions are safe and informative in pediatric cancer. Tumors of various histologies use glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, with subtype-selective differences evident from this small cohort. Expanding this cohort may uncover predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets from tumor metabolism. Funding N.C.I grants to P.L. (R21CA220090-01A1) and R.J.D. (R35CA22044901); H.H.M.I. funding to R.J.D.; Children's Clinical Research Advisory Committee funding to K.J.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.,Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Hieu Sy Vu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | | | | | - Fang Huang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Sean Ricciardo
- Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Tanya Watt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Patrick Leavey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Large 1p36 Deletions Affecting Arid1a Locus Facilitate Mycn-Driven Oncogenesis in Neuroblastoma. Cell Rep 2021; 30:454-464.e5. [PMID: 31940489 PMCID: PMC9022217 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 1p36 occurs in multiple cancers, including neuroblastoma (NBL). MYCN amplification and 1p36 deletions tightly correlate with markers of tumor aggressiveness in NBL. Although distal 1p36 losses associate with single-copy MYCN tumors, larger deletions correlate with MYCN amplification, indicating two tumor suppressor regions in 1p36, only one of which facilitates MYCN oncogenesis. To better define this region, we genome-edited the syntenic 1p36 locus in primary mouse neural crest cells (NCCs), a putative NBL cell of origin. In in vitro cell transformation assays, we show that Chd5 loss confers most of the MYCN-independent tumor suppressor effects of 1p36 LOH. In contrast, MYCN-driven tumorigenesis selects for NCCs with Arid1a deletions from a pool of NCCs with randomly sized 1p36 deletions, establishing Arid1a as the MYCN-associated tumor suppressor. Our findings reveal that Arid1a loss collaborates with oncogenic MYCN and better define the tumor suppressor functions of 1p36 LOH in NBL.
Collapse
|
172
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the era of immune-oncology, a breakthrough in the field of pediatric solid tumor research has been the demonstration that immunotherapy for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma improves the event-free and overall survival. Immunotherapeutic approaches including a monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface glycosphingolipid disialoganglioside and cytokines successfully eliminate minimal residual disease. RECENT FINDINGS Since this seminal discovery, clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy and cellular therapies have begun to demonstrate effectiveness in treatment of bulky disease. Broader knowledge has also been gained regarding immunotherapy-limiting side-effects. Furthermore, biologic studies in actively treated patients have contributed to our growing understanding of the underlying immunologic processes and mechanisms of tumor response and immune evasion. SUMMARY The example of neuroblastoma is beginning to demonstrate that various immunotherapies combined with more conventional anticancer treatments can be synergistic. These advancements pose new challenges to both clinical researchers and medical provider and herald a new era in pediatric cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carol J. Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Lucarini V, Melaiu O, Tempora P, D’Amico S, Locatelli F, Fruci D. Dendritic Cells: Behind the Scenes of T-Cell Infiltration into the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:433. [PMID: 33498755 PMCID: PMC7865357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells have been shown to play a crucial role in controlling tumor progression. However, the recruitment and activation of these immune cells at the tumor site are strictly dependent on several factors, including the presence of dendritic cells (DCs), the main orchestrators of the antitumor immune responses. Among the various DC subsets, the role of cDC1s has been demonstrated in several preclinical experimental mouse models. In addition, the high density of tumor-infiltrating cDC1s has been associated with improved survival in many cancer patients. The ability of cDC1s to modulate antitumor activity depends on their interaction with other immune populations, such as NK cells. This evidence has led to the development of new strategies aimed at increasing the abundance and activity of cDC1s in tumors, thus providing attractive new avenues to enhance antitumor immunity for both established and novel anticancer immunotherapies. In this review, we provide an overview of the various subsets of DCs, focusing in particular on the role of cDC1s, their ability to interact with other intratumoral immune cells, and their prognostic significance on solid tumors. Finally, we outline key therapeutic strategies that promote the immunogenic functions of DCs in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lucarini
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Patrizia Tempora
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Silvia D’Amico
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (V.L.); (O.M.); (P.T.); (S.D.); (F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Coronado E, Yañez Y, Vidal E, Rubio L, Vera-Sempere F, Cañada-Martínez AJ, Panadero J, Cañete A, Ladenstein R, Castel V, Font de Mora J. Intratumoral immunosuppression profiles in 11q-deleted neuroblastomas provide new potential therapeutic targets. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:364-380. [PMID: 33252831 PMCID: PMC7858123 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High‐risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients with 11q deletion frequently undergo late but consecutive relapse cycles with fatal outcome. To date, no actionable targets to improve current multimodal treatment have been identified. We analyzed immune microenvironment and genetic profiles of high‐risk NB correlating with 11q immune status. We show in two independent cohorts that 11q‐deleted NB exhibits various immune inhibitory mechanisms, including increased CD4+ resting T cells and M2 macrophages, higher expression of programmed death‐ligand 1, interleukin‐10, transforming growth factor‐beta‐1, and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (P < 0.05), and also higher chromosomal breakages (P ≤ 0.02) and hemizygosity of immunosuppressive miRNAs than MYCN‐amplified and other 11q‐nondeleted high‐risk NB. We also analyzed benefits of maintenance treatment in 83 high‐risk stage M NB patients focusing on 11q status, either with standard anti‐GD2 immunotherapy (n = 50) or previous retinoic acid‐based therapy alone (n = 33). Immunotherapy associated with higher EFS (50 vs. 30, P = 0.028) and OS (72 vs. 52, P = 0.047) at 3 years in the overall population. Despite benefits from standard anti‐GD2 immunotherapy in high‐risk NB patients, those with 11q deletion still face poor outcome. This NB subgroup displays intratumoral immune suppression profiles, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy with combination immunotherapy to circumvent this immune checkpoint blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Coronado
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yania Yañez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Vidal
- Roche Diagnostics Information Solutions, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luis Rubio
- Department of Pathology, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Vera-Sempere
- Department of Pathology, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Panadero
- Genomics Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adela Cañete
- Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.,Pediatric Oncology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Anna Children's Hospital and Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Castel
- School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.,Pediatric Oncology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaime Font de Mora
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Clinical and Translational Research in Cancer, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Kimura S, Sekiguchi M, Watanabe K, Hiwatarai M, Seki M, Yoshida K, Isobe T, Shiozawa Y, Suzuki H, Hoshino N, Hayashi Y, Oka A, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Takita J. Association of high-risk neuroblastoma classification based on expression profiles with differentiation and metabolism. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245526. [PMID: 33465163 PMCID: PMC7815088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid malignancy among children, originates from undifferentiated neural crest cells (NCC). Despite recent intensified treatment, high-risk patients still have a high mortality rate. To explore a new therapeutic strategy, we performed an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 30 high-risk neuroblastoma cases. Based on the expression profiling of RNA sequencing, neuroblastoma was classified into Mesenchymal (MES; n = 5) and Noradrenergic (ADRN; n = 25) clusters, as previously reported in the super-enhancer landscape. The expression patterns in MES-cluster cases were similar to normal adrenal glands, with enrichment in secretion-related pathways, suggesting chromaffin cell-like features built from NCC-derived Schwann cell precursors (SCPs). In contrast, neuron-related pathways were enriched in the ADRN-cluster, indicating sympathoblast features reported to originate from NCC but not via SCPs. Thus, MES- and ADRN-clusters were assumed to be corresponding to differentiation pathways through SCP and sympathoblast, respectively. ADRN-cluster cases were further classified into MYCN- and ATRX-clusters, characterized by genetic alterations, MYCN amplifications and ATRX alterations, respectively. MYCN-cluster cases showed high expression of ALDH18A1, encoding P5CS related to proline production. As reported in other cancers, this might cause reprogramming of proline metabolism leading to tumor specific proline vulnerability candidate for a target therapy of metabolic pathway. In ATRX-cluster, SLC18A2 (VMAT2), an enzyme known to prevent cell toxicity due to the oxidation of dopamine, was highly expressed and VMAT2 inhibitor (GZ-793A) represented significant attenuation of cell growth in NB-69 cell line (high SLC18A2 expression, no MYCN amplification) but not in IMR-32 cell line (MYCN amplification). In addition, the correlation of VMAT2 expression with metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) avidity suggested a combination of VMAT2 inhibitor and MIBG radiation for a novel potential therapeutic strategy in ATRX-cluster cases. Thus, targeting the characteristics of unique neuroblastomas may prospectively improve prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sekiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Hiwatarai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Hoshino
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Hayashi
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Human Genome Center Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Hochheuser C, Windt LJ, Kunze NY, de Vos DL, Tytgat GA, Voermans C, Timmerman I. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Neuroblastoma: Exploring Crosstalk and Therapeutic Implications. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:59-78. [PMID: 33287630 PMCID: PMC7826431 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second most common solid cancer in childhood, accounting for 15% of cancer-related deaths in children. In high-risk NB patients, the majority suffers from metastasis. Despite intensive multimodal treatment, long-term survival remains <40%. The bone marrow (BM) is among the most common sites of distant metastasis in patients with high-risk NB. In this environment, small populations of tumor cells can persist after treatment (minimal residual disease) and induce relapse. Therapy resistance of these residual tumor cells in BM remains a major obstacle for the cure of NB. A detailed understanding of the microenvironment and its role in tumor progression is of utmost importance for improving the treatment efficiency of NB. In BM, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) constitute an important part of the microenvironment, where they support hematopoiesis and modulate immune responses. Their role in tumor progression is not completely understood, especially for NB. Although MSCs have been found to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor growth, and metastasis and to induce chemoresistance, some reports point toward a tumor-suppressive effect of MSCs. In this review, we aim to compile current knowledge about the role of MSCs in NB development and progression. We evaluate arguments that depict tumor-supportive versus -suppressive properties of MSCs in the context of NB and give an overview of factors involved in MSC-NB crosstalk. A focus lies on the BM as a metastatic niche, since that is the predominant site for NB metastasis and relapse. Finally, we will present opportunities and challenges for therapeutic targeting of MSCs in the BM microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hochheuser
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Laurens J. Windt
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina Y. Kunze
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dieuwke L. de Vos
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carlijn Voermans
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse Timmerman
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Canzonetta C, Pelosi A, Di Matteo S, Veneziani I, Tumino N, Vacca P, Munari E, Pezzullo M, Theuer C, De Vito R, Pistoia V, Tomao L, Locatelli F, Moretta L, Caruana I, Azzarone B. Identification of neuroblastoma cell lines with uncommon TAZ +/mesenchymal stromal cell phenotype with strong suppressive activity on natural killer cells. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001313. [PMID: 33452207 PMCID: PMC7813384 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common, extracranial childhood solid tumor arising from neural crest progenitor cells and is a primary cause of death in pediatric patients. In solid tumors, stromal elements recruited or generated by the cancer cells favor the development of an immune-suppressive microenvironment. Herein, we investigated in NB cell lines and in NB biopsies, the presence of cancer cells with mesenchymal phenotype and determined the immune-suppressive properties of these tumor cells on natural killer (NK) cells. Methods We assessed the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-like phenotype and function of five human NB cell lines and the presence of this particular subset of neuroblasts in NB biopsies using flow-cytometry, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, cytotoxicity assays, western blot and silencing strategy. We corroborated our data consulting a public gene-expression dataset. Results Two NB cell lines, SK-N-AS and SK-N-BE(2)C, exhibited an unprecedented MSC phenotype (CD105+/CD90+/CD73+/CD29+/CD146+/GD2+/TAZ+). In these NB-MSCs, the ectoenzyme CD73 and the oncogenic/immune-regulatory transcriptional coactivator TAZ were peculiar markers. Their MSC-like nature was confirmed by their adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of neuroblasts with MSC phenotype (CD105+/CD73+/TAZ+). Moreover, a public gene-expression dataset revealed that, in stage IV NB, a higher expression of TAZ and CD105 strongly correlated with a poorer outcome. Among the NB-cell lines analyzed, only NB-MSCs exhibited multifactorial resistance to NK-mediated lysis, inhibition of activating NK receptors, signal adaptors and of NK-cell cytotoxicity through cell-cell contact mediated mechanisms. The latter property was controlled partially by TAZ, since its silencing in NB cells efficiently rescued NK-cell cytotoxic activity, while its overexpression induced opposite effects in non-NB-MSC cells. Conclusions We identified a novel NB immunoregulatory subset that: (i) displayed phenotypic and functional properties of MSC, (ii) mediated multifactorial resistance to NK-cell-induced killing and (iii) efficiently inhibited, in coculture, the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against target cells through a TAZ-dependent mechanism. These findings indicate that targeting novel cellular and molecular components may disrupt the immunomodulatory milieu of the NB microenvironment ameliorating the response to conventional treatments as well as to advanced immunotherapeutic approaches, including adoptive transfer of NK cells and chimeric antigen receptor T or NK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Di Matteo
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Veneziani
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Veneto, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Pezzullo
- Core Facilities, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rita De Vito
- Anatomical Pathology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tomao
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Gynaecology/Obstetrics and Paediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy .,Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation University Children's Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Azzarone
- Immunology Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Benzekry S, Sentis C, Coze C, Tessonnier L, André N. Development and Validation of a Prediction Model of Overall Survival in High-Risk Neuroblastoma Using Mechanistic Modeling of Metastasis. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2021; 5:81-90. [PMID: 33439729 DOI: 10.1200/cci.20.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) remains poor despite multimodal therapies. Better prediction of survival could help to refine patient stratification and better tailor treatments. We established a mechanistic model of metastasis in HRNB relying on two processes: growth and dissemination relying on two patient-specific parameters: the dissemination rate μ and the minimal visible lesion size Svis. This model was calibrated using diagnosis values of primary tumor size, lactate dehydrogenase circulating levels, and the meta-iodobenzylguanidine International Society for Paediatric Oncology European (SIOPEN) score from nuclear imaging, using data from 49 metastatic patients. It was able to describe the data of total tumor mass (lactate dehydrogenase, R2 > 0.99) and number of visible metastases (SIOPEN, R2 = 0.96). A prediction model of overall survival (OS) was then developed using Cox regression. Clinical variables alone were not able to generate a model with sufficient OS prognosis ability (P = .507). The parameter μ was found to be independent of the clinical variables and positively associated with OS (P = .0739 in multivariable analysis). Critically, addition of this computational biomarker significantly improved prediction of OS with a concordance index increasing from 0.675 (95% CI, 0.663 to 0.688) to 0.733 (95% CI, 0.722 to 0.744, P < .0001), resulting in significant OS prognosis ability (P = .0422).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Benzekry
- MONC Team, Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest and Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Coline Sentis
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hôpital pour enfant de La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Coze
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hôpital pour enfant de La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laëtitia Tessonnier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital de La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas André
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hôpital pour enfant de La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,SMARTc Unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Liu Z, Liang M, Grant CN, Spiegelman VS, Wang HG. Interpretable models for high-risk neuroblastoma stratification with multi-cohort copy number profiles. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
180
|
Liu J, Cheng J, Li L, Li Y, Zhou H, Zhang J, Li S, Xia H, He J, Yang Z. YTHDF1 gene polymorphisms and neuroblastoma susceptibility in Chinese children: an eight-center case-control study. J Cancer 2021; 12:2465-2471. [PMID: 33758623 PMCID: PMC7974895 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common life-threatening extracranial tumors that mainly occurs in children, and its genetic etiology remains largely obscure. RNA m6A modification has been thought to play a key role in cancer progression. YTHDF1 is the critical downstream gene by which RNA m6A modification exerts its functions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the YTHDF1 gene may affect its expression and biological activity, thereby leading to abnormalities in the regulation of downstream m6A-modified RNA and eventually promoting the initiation and development of tumors. Here, we attempted to evaluate the contributions of two polymorphisms (rs6011668 C>T and rs6090311 A>G) in the YTHDF1 gene to neuroblastoma susceptibility in 898 cases and 1734 controls that originated in China. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the logistic regression models to evaluate the associations between selected polymorphisms and neuroblastoma risk. Overall, either in a single locus or combination analysis, no significant association with neuroblastoma risk was found for either of the two selected polymorphisms. However, the stratified analysis showed that rs6090311AG/GG genotypes significantly reduced the neuroblastoma risk in males (adjusted OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.62-0.96, P=0.018). Moreover, we found that subjects with 2 protective genotypes had a lower tumor risk in males than in those with 0-1 protective genotypes (adjusted OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.62-0.96, P=0.018). In summary, our study indicates that YTHDF1 gene polymorphisms may weakly contribute to neuroblastoma susceptibility. Our findings should be further verified by well-designed studies with larger sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiwen Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Suhong Li
- Department of Pathology, Children Hospital and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan 030013, Shannxi, China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, ; or Zhonghua Yang, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China,
| | - Zhonghua Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, ; or Zhonghua Yang, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China,
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Liu Z, Xiao Z, Li M, Xiao Y, Wang X, He J, Li Y. Association Between Arg72Pro Polymorphism in TP53 and Malignant Abdominal Solid Tumor Risk in Hunan Children. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211004880. [PMID: 33759598 PMCID: PMC8204553 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211004880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric solid tumors are heterogeneous and comprise various histological subtypes. TP53, a tumor suppressor, orchestrates the transcriptional activation of anti-cancer genes. The gene coding for this protein is highly polymorphic, and its mutations are associated with cancer development. The Arg72Pro polymorphism in TP53 has been associated with susceptibility to various types of cancer. Here, in this hospital-based study, we evaluated the association of this polymorphism with susceptibility toward malignant abdominal solid tumors in children in the Hunan province of China. We enrolled 162 patients with neuroblastoma, 60 patients with Wilms' tumor, and 28 patients with hepatoblastoma as well as 270 controls. Genotypes were determined using a TaqMan assay, and the strength of the association was assessed using an odds ratio, within a 95% confidence interval identified using logistic regression models. Our results showed that the Arg72Pro polymorphism did not exhibit significant association with susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors. Stratification analysis revealed that this polymorphism exerts weak sex- and age-specific effects on Wilms' tumor and hepatoblastoma susceptibility, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that the Arg72Pro polymorphism may have a marginal effect on susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors in Hunan, and this finding warrants further confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghui Xiao
- Emergency Center of Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaling Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Yong Li, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Stabilization of urinary biogenic amines measured in clinical chemistry laboratories. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 514:24-28. [PMID: 33333038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), vanillylmandelic (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA), catecholamines and metanephrines are produced in excess by catecholamine-producing tumors. These biogenic amines are unstable at low or high pH and require hydrochloric acid (HCl) to prevent their degradation. However, HCl addition may result in very low pH causing degradation or deconjugation of several metabolites. This study evaluated the buffering properties of sodium citrate to stabilize all biogenic amines. The metabolite concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS or by a coulometric assay in 22 urine samples collected native and with HCl or sodium citrate. We studied the effect of pH, time (48 h, four weeks) and storage temperature at 22 °C, 4 °C, and -20 °C. We found that catecholamines degradation was prevented by HCl and citrate and that 5-HIAA was degraded in 5 out of 22 samples collected with HCl. All biogenic amines were efficiently stabilized by citrate for four weeks at 22 °C, except epinephrine (48 h at 4 °C, or four weeks at -20 °C). Sodium citrate did not cause quantification or analytical artefacts concerns. In conclusion, sodium citrate is a non-hazardous alternative to HCl for patients to send unfrozen urine samples to the laboratory which may safely store the sample for four weeks.
Collapse
|
183
|
Ognibene M, Pezzolo A. Ezrin interacts with the tumor suppressor CHL1 and promotes neuronal differentiation of human neuroblastoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244069. [PMID: 33326488 PMCID: PMC7743987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated that CHL1, the neuronal cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1, acts as a tumor suppressor in human neuroblastoma (NB), a still highly lethal childhood malignancy, influencing its differentiation and proliferation degree. Here we found that ezrin, one of the ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization, strongly interacts with CHL1. The low expression of EZRIN, as well as the low expression of CHL1 and of the neuronal differentiation marker MAP2, correlates with poor outcome in NB patients. Knock-down of ezrin in HTLA-230 cell line induces neurite retraction, enhances cell proliferation and migration, and triggers anchorage-independent growth, with effects very similar to those already obtained by CHL1 silencing. Furthermore, lack of ezrin inhibits the expression of MAP2 and of the oncosuppressor molecule p53, whereas it enhances MAPK activation, all typical features of tumor aggressiveness. As already described, CHL1 overexpression in IMR-32 cell line provokes an opposite trend, but the co-silencing of ezrin reduces these effects, confirming the hypothesis that CHL1 acts in close connection with ezrin. Overall, our data show that ezrin reinforces the differentiating and oncosuppressive functions of CHL1, identifying this ERM protein as a new targetable molecule for NB therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ognibene
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Annalisa Pezzolo
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Association of RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 Methylation with Survival in Neuroblastoma: A Pooled Analysis Using Reconstructed Individual Patient Data. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7390473. [PMID: 33381579 PMCID: PMC7755470 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7390473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous tumor affecting children. It shows a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes; therefore, development of risk stratification is critical to provide optimum treatment. Since epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation have emerged as an important feature of both development and progression in NB, in this study, we aimed to quantify the effect of methylation of three distinct genes (RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8) on overall survival in NB patients. We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries. Individual patient data was retrieved from extracted Kaplan–Meier curves. Data from studies was then merged, and analysis was done on the full data set. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Methylation of the three genes had worse overall survival than the unmethylated arms. Five-year survival for the methylated arm of RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 was 63.19% (95% CI 56.55-70.60), 57.78% (95% CI 47.63-70.08), and 56.39% (95% CI 49.53-64.19), respectively, while for the unmethylated arm, it was 93.10% (95% CI 87.40–99.1), 84.84% (95% CI 80.04-89.92), and 83.68% (95% CI 80.28-87.22), respectively. In conclusion, our results indicate that in NB patients, RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 methylation is associated with poor prognosis. Large prospective studies will be necessary to confirm definitive correlation between methylation of these genes and survival taking into account all other known risk factors. (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017082264).
Collapse
|
185
|
The glycosphingolipid GD2 as an effective but enigmatic target of passive immunotherapy in children with aggressive neuroblastoma (HR-NBL). Cancer Lett 2020; 503:220-230. [PMID: 33271265 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL), the most frequent and lethal pediatric cancer of children in pre-school age, is considered enigmatic in view of its extreme heterogeneity, from spontaneous regression in the IV-S form to incurable disease in approx. 40% of cases (High Risk, HR-NBL). It has an embryonal origin and a very heterogeneous genomic landscape, hampering the success of targeted strategies. The glycosphingolipid GD2 was shown to be expressed on NBL cells and utilized as target for passive immunotherapy with anti-GD2 antibodies (GD2-IMT). An international protocol was established with GD2-IMT, which increases remission length and survival in HR-NBL. By reviewing the different biological and molecular aspects of NBL and GD2-IMT, this mini-review questions the present lack of association between GD2-IMT and the underlying molecular landscape. The alternative model of Micro-Foci inducing virus (MFV) is presented, since MFV infection can induce extensive genomic aberrations (100X NMYC DNA-amplification). Since this family of viruses uses molecules for cell penetration similar to GD2 (i.e., GM2), it is hypothesized that GD2 is the port-of-entry for MFV and that success of anti-GD2 therapies is also associated to inhibition of this clastogenic virus in HR-NBL.
Collapse
|
186
|
Fusion genes as biomarkers in pediatric cancers: A review of the current state and applicability in diagnostics and personalized therapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:24-38. [PMID: 33248210 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of pediatric cancers is rising steadily across the world, along with the challenges in understanding the molecular mechanisms and devising effective therapeutic strategies. Pediatric cancers are presented with diverse molecular characteristics and more distinct subtypes when compared to adult cancers. Recent studies on the genomic landscape of pediatric cancers using next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches have redefined this field by providing better subtype characterization and novel actionable targets. Since early identification and personalized treatment strategies influence therapeutic outcomes, survival, and quality of life in pediatric cancer patients, the quest for actionable biomarkers is of great value in this field. Fusion genes that are prevalent and recurrent in several pediatric cancers are ideally suited in this context due to their disease-specific occurrence. In this review, we explore the current status of fusion genes in pediatric cancer subtypes and their use as biomarkers for diagnosis and personalized therapy. We discuss the technological advancements made in recent years in NGS sequencing and their impact on fusion detection algorithms that have revolutionized this field. Finally, we also discuss the advantages of pairing liquid biopsy protocols for fusion detection and their eventual use in diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
Collapse
|
187
|
Brizzolara A, Garbati P, Vella S, Calderoni M, Quattrone A, Tonini GP, Capasso M, Longo L, Barbieri R, Florio T, Pagano A. Co-Administration of Fendiline Hydrochloride Enhances Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Cisplatin in Neuroblastoma Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225234. [PMID: 33182713 PMCID: PMC7698186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant improvement of neuroblastoma (NB) patients’ survival due to recent treatment advancements in recent years, NB is still associated with high mortality rate. In search of novel strategies to increase NB’s susceptibility to pharmacological treatments, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of fendiline hydrochloride as an enhancer of cisplatin antitumor activity. To assess the modulation of fendiline treatment on cisplatin responses, we used in vitro (evaluating NB cell proliferation by XCELLigence technology and colony formation, and gene expression by RT-PCR) and in vivo (NB cell grafts in NOD-SCID mice) models of NB. NB cell treatment with fendiline induced the expression of the ncRNA NDM29, leading to cell differentiation and to the reduction of the expression of MDRs/ABC transporters linked to multidrug resistance. These events were correlated to higher NB cell susceptibility to cisplatin and, consequently, increased its cytotoxic potency. In vivo, this drug interaction causes an enhanced ability of cisplatin to induce apoptosis in NB masses, resulting in tumor growth reduction and prolonged animal survival rate. Thus, the administration of fendiline might be a possible novel therapeutic approach to increase cisplatin efficacy in aggressive and poorly responsive NB cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizia Garbati
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Serena Vella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, Institute of Hospitalization and Care of a Scientific Nature—Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Highly Specialized Therapies (IRCCS- ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Anemocyte S.r.l., 21040 Gerenzano, Italy
| | - Matilde Calderoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Gian Paolo Tonini
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Pediatric Research Institute, The “Città della Speranza” Foundation, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
- SDN Research Institute Diagnostics and Nuclear, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- Lung Cancer Unit, Division of Medical Oncology II, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Barbieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- IRCCS AOU San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.B.); (T.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Aldo Pagano
- IRCCS AOU San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.B.); (T.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-5558213
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Dong R, Yang R, Zhan Y, Lai HD, Ye CJ, Yao XY, Luo WQ, Cheng XM, Miao JJ, Wang JF, Liu BH, Liu XQ, Xie LL, Li Y, Zhang M, Chen L, Song WC, Qian W, Gao WQ, Tang YH, Shen CY, Jiang W, Chen G, Yao W, Dong KR, Xiao XM, Zheng S, Li K, Wang J. Single-Cell Characterization of Malignant Phenotypes and Developmental Trajectories of Adrenal Neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:716-733.e6. [PMID: 32946775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), which is a subtype of neural-crest-derived malignancy, is the most common extracranial solid tumor occurring in childhood. Despite extensive research, the underlying developmental origin of NB remains unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we generate transcriptomes of adrenal NB from 160,910 cells of 16 patients and transcriptomes of putative developmental cells of origin of NB from 12,103 cells of early human embryos and fetal adrenal glands at relatively late development stages. We find that most adrenal NB tumor cells transcriptionally mirror noradrenergic chromaffin cells. Malignant states also recapitulate the proliferation/differentiation status of chromaffin cells in the process of normal development. Our findings provide insight into developmental trajectories and cellular states underlying human initiation and progression of NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Ran Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yong Zhan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Hua-Dong Lai
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chun-Jing Ye
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Yao
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wen-Qin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiao-Mu Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ju-Ju Miao
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Bai-Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiang-Qi Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wei-Chen Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yun-Hui Tang
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Genergy Bio-technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kui-Ran Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xian-Min Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Zou W, Hu X, Jiang L. Advances in Regulating Tumorigenicity and Metastasis of Cancer Through TrkB Signaling. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:779-788. [PMID: 32748747 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620999200730183631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The clinical pathology of various human malignancies is supported by tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) B TrkB which is a specific binding receptor of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). TrkB and TrkB fusion proteins have been observed to be over-expressed in many cancer patients. Moreover, these proteins have been observed in multiple types of cells. A few signaling pathways can be modulated by the abnormal activation of the BDNF/TrkB pathway. These signaling pathways include PI3K/Akt pathway, transactivation of EGFR, phospholipase C-gamma (PLCγ) pathway, Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway, Jak/STAT pathway, and nuclear factor kappalight- chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) pathway. The BDNF/TrkB pathway, when overexpressed in tumors, is correlated with reduced clinical prognosis and short survival time of patients. Targeting the BDNF/TrkB pathway and the use of Trk inhibitors, such as entrectinib, larotrectinib, etc. are promising methods for targeted therapy of tumors. The present review provides an overview of the role of the TrkB pathway in the pathogenesis of cancer and its value as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Wang H, Pan J, Yu L, Meng L, Liu Y, Chen X. MicroRNA-16 Inhibits Glioblastoma Growth in Orthotopic Model by Targeting Cyclin D1 and WIP1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10807-10816. [PMID: 33122919 PMCID: PMC7591102 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To examine the molecular mechanism by which miRNA-16 (miR-16) suppresses glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Methods Gene expression of miR-16 in normal brain tissues and human glioma cell lines was examined. To characterize the functional role of miR-16 in vitro, miR-16 was ectopically expressed in U87 cells by lentiviral transduction. Expression of miR-16 downstream targets cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 in U87 was studied using Western blotting. Cell proliferation and clonogenic property were examined using CCK-8 and clone formation assay, respectively. Migration and invasiveness of U87 was studied using wound-healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. In vivo tumorigenic properties of the miR-16-transduced U87 cells were examined in an orthotopic xenograft model. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine cyclin D1, WIP1 and CD31 expressions. Results Expression of miR-16 was reduced in glioblastoma cell lines compared to normal human brain tissues. Ectopic miR-16 expression reduced cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 in U87 cells. miR-16 also induced apoptosis, reduced cell proliferation and clone formation. Furthermore, miR-16 suppressed U87 migration in wound-healing assay and invasion across transwell membrane in vitro. In an orthotopic tumor model, overexpression of miR-16 inhibited tumor growth in vivo was accompanied with reduction in cyclin D1 and WIP1 expression in the xenografts. CD31 expression in miR-16-overexpressed xenografts was also decreased. The determined microvessel density of the miR-16 overexpression group was significantly lower than those groups treated with vehicle and empty vector. Discussion MicroRNA-16 exhibits inhibitory effects of glioblastoma. MicroRNA-16 and its downstream targets could be potential therapeutic targets for treatment of glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Pediatric Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisheng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghu Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Shimada H, Sano H, Hazard FK. Pathology of Peripheral Neuroblastic Tumors. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2020.27.2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hideki Sano
- Department of Pathology Oncology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Florette K. Hazard
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Rapid In Vivo Validation of HDAC Inhibitor-Based Treatments in Neuroblastoma Zebrafish Xenografts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110345. [PMID: 33121173 PMCID: PMC7692187 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival rate among children with relapsed neuroblastomas continues to be poor, and thus new therapeutic approaches identified by reliable preclinical drug testing models are urgently needed. Zebrafish are a powerful vertebrate model in preclinical cancer research. Here, we describe a zebrafish neuroblastoma yolk sac model to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor treatments. Larvae were engrafted with fluorescently labeled, genetically diverse, established cell lines and short-term cultures of patient-derived primary cells. Engrafted tumors progressed locally and disseminated remotely in an intact environment. Combination treatments involving the standard chemotherapy doxorubicin and HDAC inhibitors substantially reduced tumor volume, induced tumor cell death, and inhibited tumor cell dissemination to the tail region. Hence, this model allows for fast, cost-efficient, and reliable in vivo evaluation of toxicity and response of the primary and metastatic tumor sites to drug combinations.
Collapse
|
193
|
Chen J, Wang W, Sun H, Pang L, Yin B. Mutation-mediated influences on binding of anaplastic lymphoma kinase to crizotinib decoded by multiple replica Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 34:1289-1305. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
194
|
Maser T, Zagorski J, Kelly S, Ostrander A, Goodyke A, Nagulapally A, Bond J, Park Y, Saulnier Sholler G. The MDM2 inhibitor CGM097 combined with the BET inhibitor OTX015 induces cell death and inhibits tumor growth in models of neuroblastoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8144-8158. [PMID: 33034426 PMCID: PMC7643634 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in infants and children, with amplification of the oncogene MYCN being a hallmark of high‐risk disease and poor prognosis. Although less frequent, overexpression of MYC is similarly an indicator of poor prognosis. Most NB tumors initially respond to chemotherapy, however, most will relapse, resulting in chemoresistant disease. After relapse, there is growing evidence of p53 inactivation. MYC/MYCN and MDM2 have been shown to interact and contribute to NB growth and disease progression. MDM2 inhibitors and Bromodomain and Extra‐Terminal domain (BET) inhibitors have both shown promise in treating NB by increasing the expression of p53 and decreasing MYC/MYCN expression, respectively. Our study focuses on the combined treatment of a MDM2 inhibitor (CGM097) with a BET inhibitor (OTX015) in neuroblastoma. Methods Two p53 wild‐type and two p53 mutant established neuroblastoma cells lines were used to test this combination. Ray design assays were used to test whether this combination was synergistically cytotoxic to NB cells. Western blots were performed to check signaling pathways of interest after drug treatment. IncuCyte imaging and flow cytometry were utilized to quantify the apoptotic and cytostatic effects of these drugs on NB cells. In vivo studies were carried out to test the antitumor effect of this combination in a living host. Results The combination of CGM097 and OTX015 resulted in p53 activation, decreased expression of MYC family proteins and a subsequent synergistic increase in NB cell death. Conclusion This study warrants further investigation into the combination of MDM2 inhibitors and BET inhibitors for the treatment in NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Maser
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Joseph Zagorski
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Shannon Kelly
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Anna Ostrander
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Austin Goodyke
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Abhinav Nagulapally
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Bond
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Yeonhee Park
- Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Giselle Saulnier Sholler
- Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Bahmad HF, Chalhoub RM, Harati H, Bou-Gharios J, Assi S, Ballout F, Monzer A, Msheik H, Araji T, Elajami MK, Ghanem P, Chamaa F, Kadara H, Abou-Antoun T, Daoud G, Fares Y, Abou-Kheir W. Tideglusib attenuates growth of neuroblastoma cancer stem/progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo by specifically targeting GSK-3β. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:211-226. [PMID: 33030673 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequently diagnosed extracranial solid tumor among the pediatric population. It is an embryonic tumor with high relapse rates pertaining to the presence of dormant slowly dividing cancer stem cells (CSC) within the tumor bulk that are responsible for therapy resistance. Therefore, there is a dire need to develop new therapeutic approaches that specifically target NB CSCs. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β is a serine/threonine kinase that represents a common signaling node at the intersection of many pathways implicated in NB CSCs. GSK-3β sustains the survival and maintenance of CSCs and renders them insensitive to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation. METHODS In our study, we aimed at evaluating the potential anti-tumor effect of Tideglusib (TDG), an irreversible GSK-3β inhibitor drug, on three human NB cell lines, SK-N-SH, SH-SY5Y, and IMR-32. RESULTS Our results showed that TDG significantly reduced cell proliferation, viability, and migration of the NB cells, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and also significantly hindered the neurospheres formation eradicating the self-renewal ability of highly resistant CSCs. Besides, TDG potently reduced CD133 cancer stem cell marker expression in both SH-SY5Y cells and G1 spheres. Lastly, TDG inhibited NB tumor growth and progression in vivo. CONCLUSION Collectively, we concluded that TDG could serve as an effective treatment capable of targeting the NB CSCs and hence overcoming therapy resistance. Yet, future studies are warranted to further investigate its potential role in NB and decipher the subcellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Reda M Chalhoub
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jolie Bou-Gharios
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Assi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Ballout
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alissar Monzer
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Msheik
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tarek Araji
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad K Elajami
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Paola Ghanem
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Chamaa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tamara Abou-Antoun
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Georges Daoud
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Youssef Fares
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Webb ER, Lanati S, Wareham C, Easton A, Dunn SN, Inzhelevskaya T, Sadler FM, James S, Ashton-Key M, Cragg MS, Beers SA, Gray JC. Immune characterization of pre-clinical murine models of neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16695. [PMID: 33028899 PMCID: PMC7541480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy offers a potentially less toxic, more tumor-specific treatment for neuroblastoma than conventional cytotoxic therapies. Accurate and reproducible immune competent preclinical models are key to understanding mechanisms of action, interactions with other therapies and mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy. Here we characterized the tumor and splenic microenvironment of two syngeneic subcutaneous (NXS2 and 9464D), and a spontaneous transgenic (TH-MYCN) murine model of neuroblastoma, comparing histological features and immune infiltrates to previously published data on human neuroblastoma. Histological sections of frozen tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence for immune cell markers and tumor architecture. Tissues were dissociated by enzymatic digestion, stained with panels of antibodies to detect and quantify cancer cells, along with lymphocytic and myeloid infiltration by flow cytometry. Finally, we tested TH-MYCN mice as a feasible model for immunotherapy, using prior treatment with cyclophosphamide to create a therapeutic window of minimal residual disease to favor host immune development. Immune infiltration differed significantly between all the models. TH-MYCN tumors were found to resemble immune infiltration in human tumors more closely than the subcutaneous models, alongside similar GD2 and MHC class I expression. Finally, TH-MYCN transgenic mice were administered cyclophosphamide alone or in combination with an anti-GD2 or anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody, which resulted in increase in survival in both combination therapies. The TH-MYCN transgenic mouse is a promising in vivo model for testing immunotherapy compounds and combination therapy in a preclinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Webb
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Silvia Lanati
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Carol Wareham
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alistair Easton
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stuart N Dunn
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tatyana Inzhelevskaya
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Freja M Sadler
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sonya James
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A Beers
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Juliet C Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Pan L, Nie L, Yao S, Bi A, Ye Y, Wu Y, Tan Z, Wu Z. Bufalin exerts antitumor effects in neuroblastoma via the induction of reactive oxygen species‑mediated apoptosis by targeting the electron transport chain. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:2137-2149. [PMID: 33125107 PMCID: PMC7595673 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma remains poor. Clinical first-line drugs for treating neuroblastoma have been developed over the previous half-century; however, progress in the identification of new drugs with high efficiency is required. Bufalin, one of the major components of extracts obtained from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, which is used to treat heart failure in Asian Pacific countries, has been reported to be a potential drug against multiple types of tumor; however, the detailed mechanisms underlying its antitumor activities remain unclear, largely due to lack of knowledge regarding its targets. In the present study, bufalin was revealed to exhibit potent antitumor effects against neuroblastoma, both in vitro and in vivo, using cell proliferation, colony formation, Transwell migration and flow cytometry assays, as well as a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model. Moreover, a chemically modified bufalin probe was designed to identify the potential targets of bufalin in neuroblastoma via chemical proteomics. With this strategy, it was revealed that the electron transport chain (ETC) on the inner membrane of mitochondria may contain potential targets for bufalin, and that bufalin-induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis may be caused by disruption of the ETC. Collectively, the present study suggests that bufalin may a promising drug for chemotherapy against neuroblastoma, and provides a foundation for further studies into the antitumor mechanisms of bufalin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Pan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Litong Nie
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Aiwei Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yeming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
van den Bijgaart RJE, Kroesen M, Brok IC, Reijnen D, Wassink M, Boon L, Hoogerbrugge PM, Adema GJ. Anti-GD2 antibody and Vorinostat immunocombination therapy is highly effective in an aggressive orthotopic neuroblastoma model. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1817653. [PMID: 33457098 PMCID: PMC7781842 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1817653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy and in the majority of patients, the primary tumor arises in one of the adrenal glands. Neuroblastoma cells highly express the disialoganglioside GD2, which is the primary target for the development of neuroblastoma immunotherapy. Anti-GD2 mAbs have shown clinical efficacy and are integrated into standard treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma patients. We previously reported synergy between the HDAC inhibitor Vorinostat and anti-GD2 mAbs in a heterotopic, subcutaneous growing neuroblastoma model. Additionally, we have previously developed an orthotopic intra-adrenal neuroblastoma model showing more aggressive tumor growth. Here, we report that anti-GD2 mAb and Vorinostat immunocombination therapy is even more effective in suppressing neuroblastoma growth in the aggressive orthotopic model, resulting in increased animal survival. Intra-adrenal tumors from mice treated with Vorinostat were highly infiltrated with myeloid cells, including macrophages, displaying increased MHCII and Fc-receptor expression. Collectively, these data provide a strong rationale for clinical testing of anti-GD2 mAbs with concomitant Vorinostat in neuroblastoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renske J E van den Bijgaart
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ingrid C Brok
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daphne Reijnen
- Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Wassink
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter M Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Anticancer Properties of Platinum Nanoparticles and Retinoic Acid: Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Human Neuroblastoma Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186792. [PMID: 32947930 PMCID: PMC7554966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. The different treatments available for neuroblastoma are challenged by high rates of resistance, recurrence, and progression, most notably in advanced cases and highly malignant tumors. Therefore, the development of more targeted therapies, which are biocompatible and without undesired side effects, is highly desirable. The mechanisms of actions of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and retinoic acid (RA) in neuroblastoma have remained unclear. In this study, the anticancer effects of PtNPs and RA on neuroblastoma were assessed. We demonstrated that treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with the combination of PtNPs and RA resulted in improved anticancer effects. The anticancer effects of the two compounds were mediated by cytotoxicity, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis-associated networks. Cytotoxicity was confirmed by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular protease, and oxidative stress increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO), and protein carbonyl content (PCC). The combination of PtNPs and RA caused mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, number of mitochondria, and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Endoplasmic reticulum-mediated stress and apoptosis were confirmed by upregulation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), p53, Bax, and caspase-3 and down regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2). PtNPs and RA induced apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage was evident by the accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG). Finally, PtNPs and RA increased the differentiation and expression of differentiation markers. Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells pre-treated with PtNPs or RA or the combination of both were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin than undifferentiated cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effect of the combination of PtNPs and RA in neuroblastoma cells. PtNPs may be a potential preconditioning or adjuvant compound in chemotherapeutic treatment. The results of this study provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of the combination of PtNPs and RA for the treatment of children suffering from high-risk neuroblastoma.
Collapse
|
200
|
Gene Expression Signature of Acquired Chemoresistance in Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186811. [PMID: 32948088 PMCID: PMC7555742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance of childhood cancer neuroblastoma is a serious clinical problem. Patients with relapsed disease have a poor prognosis despite intense treatment. In the present study, we aimed to identify chemoresistance gene expression signatures in vincristine resistant neuroblastoma cells. We found that vincristine-resistant neuroblastoma cells formed larger clones and survived under reduced serum conditions as compared with non-resistant parental cells. To identify the possible mechanisms underlying vincristine resistance in neuroblastoma cells, we investigated the expression profiles of genes known to be involved in cancer drug resistance. This specific gene expression patterns could predict the behavior of a tumor in response to chemotherapy and for predicting the prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma patients. Our signature could help chemoresistant neuroblastoma patients in avoiding useless and harmful chemotherapy cycles.
Collapse
|