151
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Giorgio V, Schiavone M, Galber C, Carini M, Da Ros T, Petronilli V, Argenton F, Carelli V, Acosta Lopez MJ, Salviati L, Prato M, Bernardi P. The idebenone metabolite QS10 restores electron transfer in complex I and coenzyme Q defects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:901-908. [PMID: 29694828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Idebenone is a hydrophilic short-chain coenzyme (Co) Q analogue, which has been used as a potential bypass of defective complex I in both Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and OPA1-dependent Dominant Optic Atrophy. Based on its potential antioxidant effects, it has also been tested in degenerative disorders such as Friedreich's ataxia, Huntington's and Alzheimer's diseases. Idebenone is rapidly modified but the biological effects of its metabolites have been characterized only partially. Here we have studied the effects of quinones generated during in vivo metabolism of idebenone with specific emphasis on 6-(9-carboxynonyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (QS10). QS10 partially restored respiration in cells deficient of complex I or of CoQ without inducing the mitochondrial permeability transition, a detrimental effect of idebenone that may offset its potential benefits [Giorgio et al. (2012) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1817: 363-369]. Remarkably, respiration was largely rotenone-insensitive in complex I deficient cells and rotenone-sensitive in CoQ deficient cells. These findings indicate that, like idebenone, QS10 can provide a bypass to defective complex I; and that, unlike idebenone, QS10 can partially replace endogenous CoQ. In zebrafish (Danio rerio) treated with rotenone, QS10 was more effective than idebenone in allowing partial recovery of respiration (to 40% and 20% of the basal respiration of untreated embryos, respectively) and allowing zebrafish survival (80% surviving embryos at 60 h post-fertilization, a time point at which all rotenone-treated embryos otherwise died). We conclude that QS10 is potentially more active than idebenone in the treatment of diseases caused by complex I defects, and that it could also be used in CoQ deficiencies of genetic and acquired origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Galber
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tatiana Da Ros
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Petronilli
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuel J Acosta Lopez
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory CIC biomaGUNE, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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152
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Kristofco LA, Haddad SP, Chambliss CK, Brooks BW. Differential uptake of and sensitivity to diphenhydramine in embryonic and larval zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:1175-1181. [PMID: 29274281 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish fish embryo toxicity (FET) test is increasingly employed for alternative toxicity studies, yet our previous research identified increased sensitivity of zebrafish slightly older than embryos employed in FET methods (0-4 d postfertilization [dpf]). We identified rapid steady-state accumulation of diphenhydramine across zebrafish embryo and larval stages. However, significantly (p < 0.05) lower accumulation was observed at 48 h compared to 96 h in chorionated and dechorionated embryos (0-4 dpf), but not in zebrafish at 7 to 11 and 14 to 18 dpf. Increased uptake and toxicity of diphenhydramine was further observed in zebrafish at 7 to 11 and 14 to 18 dpf compared with 0-4 dpf embryos with chorion or dechorionated, which indicates that differential zebrafish sensitivity with age is associated with accumulation resulting from gill and other toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic changes during development. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1175-1181. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Kristofco
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel P Haddad
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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153
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Poon KL, Wang X, Lee SGP, Ng AS, Goh WH, Zhao Z, Al-Haddawi M, Wang H, Mathavan S, Ingham PW, McGinnis C, Carney TJ. Editor's Highlight: Transgenic Zebrafish Reporter Lines as Alternative In Vivo Organ Toxicity Models. Toxicol Sci 2018; 156:133-148. [PMID: 28069987 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ toxicity, particularly liver toxicity, remains one of the major reasons for the termination of drug candidates in the development pipeline as well as withdrawal or restrictions of marketed drugs. A screening-amenable alternative in vivo model such as zebrafish would, therefore, find immediate application in the early prediction of unacceptable organ toxicity. To identify highly upregulated genes as biomarkers of toxic responses in the zebrafish model, a set of well-characterized reference drugs that cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in the clinic were applied to zebrafish larvae and adults. Transcriptome microarray analysis was performed on whole larvae or dissected adult livers. Integration of data sets from different drug treatments at different stages identified common upregulated detoxification pathways. Within these were candidate biomarkers which recurred in multiple treatments. We prioritized 4 highly upregulated genes encoding enzymes acting in distinct phases of the drug metabolism pathway. Through promoter isolation and fosmid recombineering, eGFP reporter transgenic zebrafish lines were generated and evaluated for their response to DILI drugs. Three of the 4 generated reporter lines showed a dose and time-dependent induction in endodermal organs to reference drugs and an expanded drug set. In conclusion, through integrated transcriptomics and transgenic approaches, we have developed parallel independent zebrafish in vivo screening platforms able to predict organ toxicities of preclinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Lai Poon
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Xingang Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Serene G P Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 60 Biopolis Street, 138672 Singapore
| | - Ashley S Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Wei Huang Goh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Muthafar Al-Haddawi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Haishan Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore
| | - Sinnakaruppan Mathavan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 60 Biopolis Street, 138672 Singapore
| | - Philip W Ingham
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | - Claudia McGinnis
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore.,Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development (pRED), Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tom J Carney
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673 Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
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154
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Sobanska M, Scholz S, Nyman AM, Cesnaitis R, Gutierrez Alonso S, Klüver N, Kühne R, Tyle H, de Knecht J, Dang Z, Lundbergh I, Carlon C, De Coen W. Applicability of the fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test (OECD 236) in the regulatory context of Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:657-670. [PMID: 29226368 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2013 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline (236) for fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) was adopted. It determines the acute toxicity of chemicals to embryonic fish. Previous studies show a good correlation of FET with the standard acute fish toxicity (AFT) test; however, the potential of the FET test to predict AFT, which is required by the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation (EC 1907/2006) and the Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation (EC 1272/2008), has not yet been fully clarified. In 2015 the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) requested that a consultant perform a scientific analysis of the applicability of FET to predict AFT. The purpose was to compare the toxicity of substances to fish embryos and to adult fish, and to investigate whether certain factors (e.g., physicochemical properties, modes of action, or chemical structures) could be used to define the applicability boundaries of the FET test. Given the limited data availability, the analysis focused on organic substances. The present critical review summarizes the main findings and discusses regulatory application of the FET test under REACH. Given some limitations (e.g., neurotoxic mode of action) and/or remaining uncertainties (e.g., deviation of some narcotic substances), it has been found that the FET test alone is currently not sufficient to meet the essential information on AFT as required by the REACH regulation. However, the test may be used within weight-of-evidence approaches together with other independent, relevant, and reliable sources of information. The present review also discusses further research needs that may overcome the remaining uncertainties and help to increase acceptance of FET as a replacement for AFT in the future. For example, an increase in the availability of data generated according to OECD test guideline 236 may provide evidence of a higher predictive power of the test. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:657-670. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Nils Klüver
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralph Kühne
- Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henrik Tyle
- Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joop de Knecht
- Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Zhichao Dang
- Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wim De Coen
- European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki, Finland
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155
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Kim K, Jeon HJ, Choi SD, Tsang DCW, Oleszczuk P, Ok YS, Lee HS, Lee SE. Combined toxicity of endosulfan and phenanthrene mixtures and induced molecular changes in adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:30-41. [PMID: 29197246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Individual and combined toxicities of endosulfan (ENDO) with phenanthrene (PHE) were evaluated using zebrafish (Danio rerio) adults. The 96-h LC50 values for ENDO and PHE were 4.6 μg L-1 and 920 μg L-1, respectively. To evaluate the mixture toxicity, LC10 and LC50 concentrations were grouped into four combinations as ENDO-LC10 + PHE-LC10, ENDO-LC10 + PHE-LC50, ENDO-LC50 + PHE-LC10, and ENDO-LC50 + PHE-LC50, and their acute toxicities were determined. The combination of LC50-ENDO and LC10-PHE exhibited a synergistic effect. In addition, acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in zebrafish bodies exposed to ENDO with or without PHE. Combined treatments induced higher glutathione S-transferase activity compared to individual treatments. Carboxylesterase activity increased in both heads and bodies of ENDO-treated fishes compared with PHE-treated fishes. Using RT-qPCR technique, CYP1A gene expression significantly up-regulated in all combinations, whereas CYP3A was unchanged, suggesting that enzymes involved in defense may play different roles in the detoxification. CYP7A1 gene responsible for bile acid biosynthesis is dramatically down-regulated after exposure to the synergistic combination exposure, referring that the synergistic effect may be resulted from the reduction of bile production in zebrafishes. Among gender-related genes, CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 genes in female zebrafish decreased after treatment with ENDO alone and combination of LC50-ENDO and LC10-PHE. This might be related to a reduction in cortisol production. The overall results indicated that ENDO and PHE were toxic to zebrafish adults both individually and in combination, and that their co-presence induced changes in the expression of genes responsible for metabolic processes and defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Sklodowska-Curie University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi-Seon Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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156
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Sakalli S, Burkina V, Pilipenko N, Zlabek V, Zamaratskaia G. In vitro effects of diosmin, naringenin, quercetin and indole-3-carbinol on fish hepatic CYP1A1 in the presence of clotrimazole and dexamethasone. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 192:105-112. [PMID: 29100118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are widely present in fruits, vegetables and other plants and have great health benefits owing to their antioxidant properties. They are naturally found in the aquatic environment as well as discharged from sewage treatment plants after their large consumption. Little is known about their impact on fish; particularly in light of their interactions with pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of diosmin, naringenin, quercetin and idole-3-carbinol on CYP1A-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity on rainbow trout hepatic microsomes in the presence of two pharmaceuticals: clotrimazole and dexamethasone. The interactions between the phytochemicals and pharmaceuticals used in this study were determined using a combination index. Hepatic microsomes were exposed to two concentrations (1-or 50 μM) of phytochemicals and pharmaceuticals separately and in combinations. Singly, clotrimazole inhibited EROD activity 40% and 90% of control, while dexamethasone did not. Naringenin and diosmin inhibited EROD activity alone up to 90% and 55% respectively, but activities were further inhibited in the presence of either pharmaceutical. The preliminary study of combinations of clotrimazole with phytochemicals primarily showed synergistic effects. While EROD activity was not inhibited in the presence of quercetin or indole-3-carbinol, significant and synergistic inhibition was detected when either of these was combined with clotrimazole or dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidika Sakalli
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Viktoriia Burkina
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Nadezhda Pilipenko
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Zlabek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Galia Zamaratskaia
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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157
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Asnani A, Zheng B, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen HH, Vohra A, Chi A, Cornella-Taracido I, Wang H, Johns DG, Sosnovik DE, Peterson RT. Highly potent visnagin derivatives inhibit Cyp1 and prevent doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. JCI Insight 2018; 3:96753. [PMID: 29321375 PMCID: PMC5821184 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.96753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin are highly effective chemotherapy agents used to treat many common malignancies. However, their use is limited by cardiotoxicity. We previously identified visnagin as protecting against doxorubicin toxicity in cardiac but not tumor cells. In this study, we sought to develop more potent visnagin analogs in order to use these analogs as tools to clarify the mechanisms of visnagin-mediated cardioprotection. Structure-activity relationship studies were performed in a zebrafish model of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Movement of the 5-carbonyl to the 7 position and addition of short ester side chains led to development of visnagin analogs with 1,000-fold increased potency in zebrafish and 250-fold increased potency in mice. Using proteomics, we discovered that doxorubicin caused robust induction of Cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) that was mitigated by visnagin and its potent analog 23. Treatment with structurally divergent CYP1 inhibitors, as well as knockdown of CYP1A, prevented doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in zebrafish. The identification of potent cardioprotective agents may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for patients receiving cardiotoxic chemotherapy. Moreover, these studies support the idea that CYP1 is an important contributor to doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and suggest that modulation of this pathway could be beneficial in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Asnani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Bahoui Zheng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Yan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - You Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Howard H. Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anita Vohra
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - An Chi
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Huijun Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - David E. Sosnovik
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Randall T. Peterson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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158
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Lee BY, Kim DH, Kim HS, Kim BM, Han J, Lee JS. Identification of 74 cytochrome P450 genes and co-localized cytochrome P450 genes of the CYP2K, CYP5A, and CYP46A subfamilies in the mangrove killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29295707 PMCID: PMC5751882 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mangrove killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus is the only vertebrate that reproduces by self-fertilizing and is an important model species in genetics and marine ecotoxicology. Using whole-genome and transcriptome sequences, we identified all members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family in this model teleost and compared them with those of other teleosts. RESULTS A total of 74 cytochrome P450 genes and one pseudogene were identified in K. marmoratus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the CYP genes in clan 2 were most expanded, while synteny analysis with other species showed orthologous relationships of CYP subfamilies among teleosts. In addition to the CYP2K expansions, five tandem duplicated gene copies of CYP5A were observed. These features were unique to K. marmoratus. CONCLUSIONS These results shed a light on CYP gene evolution, particularly the co-localized CYP2K, CYP5A, and CYP46A subfamilies in fish. Future studies of CYP expression could identify specific endogenous and exogenous environmental factors that triggered the evolution of tandem CYP duplication in K. marmoratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
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159
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McRae NK, Glover CN, Burket SR, Brooks BW, Gaw S. Acute exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of diclofenac elicits oxidative stress in the culturally important galaxiid fish Galaxias maculatus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:224-235. [PMID: 28802021 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of growing concern in aquatic environments worldwide; nevertheless, knowledge of its effects on aquatic biota is restricted to a few model species with limited information regarding its mechanisms of impact. In the present study, diclofenac accumulation, its effects on metabolic rate, ionoregulation, and oxidative stress were examined at environmentally relevant (0.17 µg L-1 ) and elevated (763 µg L-1 ) concentrations in a culturally and economically important galaxiid fish, inanga (Galaxias maculatus), from the Southern Hemisphere. This species is among the most widespread freshwater fish in the world but its sensitivity to emerging contaminants is unknown. Following an acute 96-h exposure, bioconcentration of diclofenac was measured in the inanga whole-body, resulting in an estimated bioconcentration factor of 87 for the 0.17-µg L-1 exposure concentration, approaching values where transfer through the food chain should be considered. Lipid peroxidation in the liver was significantly elevated at both 0.17- and 763-µg L-1 exposure concentrations but lipid peroxidation in the kidney and gill decreased after diclofenac exposure. Catalase activity was also elevated in the liver of inanga but activity decreased in the gill. There were no effects of diclofenac on metabolic rate or ion (sodium and calcium) influx rates. These data indicate that toxicologically relevant adverse outcomes and bioconcentration of diclofenac at environmentally relevant levels warrant additional study in this important fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:224-235. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris N Glover
- University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Sally Gaw
- University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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160
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Anti-hypercholesterolemic Effect of Berbamine Isolated from Rhizoma Coptidis in Hypercholesterolemic Zebrafish Induced by High-Cholesterol Diet. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:292-306. [PMID: 29755560 PMCID: PMC5937099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The anti-hypercholesterolemic effect of berbamine (BBM) isolated from Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) was investigated in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish model induced by high-cholesterol (HC) diet. Zebrafish embryo assay revealed no significant difference in morphology and cell death with the treatment of BBM less than 20 μg/mL. In zebrafish larvae, the fluorescently labeled cholesterol in caudal artery was reduced dose-dependently after BBM treatment. For adult zebrafish, administration of 0.2% BBM exhibited a significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels by 37%, 38% and 28%, respectively, along with a fall in lipid content in liver. Further investigation suggested that the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in liver were down-regulated and the transcription levels of liver gene low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and cytochrome P450 polypeptide 1a of subfamily A of family 7 (CYP7A1a) were significantly up-regulated with BBM treatment. Histological study showed that BBM can alleviate hepatic steatosis induced by HC diet. These data suggested that BBM has anti-hypercholesterolemic and hepatoprotective effects. The mechanism probably related to the up-regulation of cholesterol transport and bile acid synthesis as well as inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and lipoprotein assembly or secretion.
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161
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Souza Anselmo C, Sardela VF, Matias BF, Carvalho AR, Sousa VP, Pereira HMG, Aquino Neto FR. Is zebrafish
(
Danio rerio
)
a tool for human‐like metabolism study? Drug Test Anal 2017; 9:1685-1694. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Souza Anselmo
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Vinicius Figueiredo Sardela
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Bernardo Fonseca Matias
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Amanda Reis Carvalho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Valeria Pereira Sousa
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Drugs and Pharmaceutics Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco Bss, 36 ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐170 Brazil
| | - Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
| | - Francisco Radler Aquino Neto
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, LBCD – LADETEC Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281, bloco C ‐ Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro ‐ RJ 21941‐598 Brazil
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162
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Tanoue R, Margiotta-Casaluci L, Huerta B, Runnalls TJ, Nomiyama K, Kunisue T, Tanabe S, Sumpter JP. Uptake and Metabolism of Human Pharmaceuticals by Fish: A Case Study with the Opioid Analgesic Tramadol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12825-12835. [PMID: 28977743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent species-extrapolation approaches to the prediction of the potential effects of pharmaceuticals present in the environment on wild fish are based on the assumption that pharmacokinetics and metabolism in humans and fish are comparable. To test this hypothesis, we exposed fathead minnows to the opiate pro-drug tramadol and examined uptake from the water into the blood and brain and the metabolism of the drug into its main metabolites. We found that plasma concentrations could be predicted reasonably accurately based on the lipophilicity of the drug once the pH of the water was taken into account. The concentrations of the drug and its main metabolites were higher in the brain than in the plasma, and the observed brain and plasma concentration ratios were within the range of values reported in mammalian species. This fish species was able to metabolize the pro-drug tramadol into the highly active metabolite O-desmethyl tramadol and the inactive metabolite N-desmethyl tramadol in a similar manner to that of mammals. However, we found that concentration ratios of O-desmethyl tramadol to tramadol were lower in the fish than values in most humans administered the drug. Our pharmacokinetic data of tramadol in fish help bridge the gap between widely available mammalian pharmacological data and potential effects on aquatic organisms and highlight the importance of understanding drug uptake and metabolism in fish to enable the full implementation of predictive toxicology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Tanoue
- Centre for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Belinda Huerta
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Tamsin J Runnalls
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Kei Nomiyama
- Centre for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kunisue
- Centre for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Centre for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - John P Sumpter
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
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163
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Han J, Kim HS, Kim IC, Kim S, Hwang UK, Lee JS. Effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil in two congeneric copepods Tigriopus sp. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:511-517. [PMID: 28783601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution has deleterious effects on marine ecosystems. However, the toxicity of crude oil towards Antarctic marine organisms has not been well studied. We compared the deleterious effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil on reproduction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and antioxidant enzymatic activity in Antarctic (Tigriopus kingsejongensis) and temperate (Tigriopus japonicus) copepods. Reproductive rates of T. kingsejongensis and T. japonicus were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in response to WAFs. Furthermore, T. kingsejongensis showed elevated levels of ROS and higher antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) activity than T. japonicus in response to WAFs. CYP genes from congeneric copepods were identified and annotated to better understand molecular detoxification mechanisms. We observed significant up-regulation (P < 0.05) of Tk-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3024A2 in response to WAFs, suggesting that CYP genes may contribute to the detoxification mechanism in response to WAF exposure. These finding also suggest that WAFs may induce oxidative stress, leading to reproductive impairment in copepods. Furthermore, Tk-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3024A2 genes can be considered as potential biomarkers of WAF toxicity in the congeneric copepods T. kingsejongensis and T. japonicus. This study will be helpful for enhancing our knowledge on the harmful effects of WAFs in Antarctic and temperate copepods and provides insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Incheon 46083, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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164
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Geier MC, Chlebowski AC, Truong L, Massey Simonich SL, Anderson KA, Tanguay RL. Comparative developmental toxicity of a comprehensive suite of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:571-586. [PMID: 29094189 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that occur in complex mixtures. Several PAHs are known or suspected mutagens and/or carcinogens, but developmental toxicity data is lacking for PAHs, particularly their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives. Such data are necessary to understand and predict the toxicity of environmental mixtures. 123 PAHs were assessed for morphological and neurobehavioral effects for a range of concentrations between 0.1 and 50 µM, using a high throughput early-life stage zebrafish assay, including 33 parent, 22 nitrated, 17 oxygenated, 19 hydroxylated, 14 methylated, 16 heterocyclic, and 2 aminated PAHs. Additionally, each PAH was evaluated for AHR activation, by assessing CYP1A protein expression using whole animal immunohistochemistry (IHC). Responses to PAHs varied in a structurally dependent manner. High-molecular weight PAHs were significantly more developmentally toxic than the low-molecular weight PAHs, and CYP1A expression was detected in five distinct tissues, including vasculature, liver, skin, neuromasts and yolk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra C Geier
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Anna C Chlebowski
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Lisa Truong
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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165
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Ryu B, Kim CY, Oh H, Kim U, Kim J, Jung CR, Lee BH, Lee S, Chang SN, Lee JM, Chung HM, Park JH. Development of an alternative zebrafish model for drug-induced intestinal toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:259-273. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bokyeong Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - C-Yoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ukjin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- Gene Therapy Research Unit; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources; Incheon 22689 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources; Incheon 22689 Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Na Chang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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166
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Usefulness of zebrafish larvae to evaluate drug-induced functional and morphological renal tubular alterations. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:411-423. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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167
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Membrane-bound human orphan cytochrome P450 2U1: Sequence singularities, construction of a full 3D model, and substrate docking. Biochimie 2017; 140:166-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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168
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Kirchberger S, Sturtzel C, Pascoal S, Distel M. Quo natas, Danio? -Recent Progress in Modeling Cancer in Zebrafish. Front Oncol 2017; 7:186. [PMID: 28894696 PMCID: PMC5581328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, zebrafish has proven to be a powerful model in cancer research. Zebrafish form tumors that histologically and genetically resemble human cancers. The live imaging and cost-effective compound screening possible with zebrafish especially complement classic mouse cancer models. Here, we report recent progress in the field, including genetically engineered zebrafish cancer models, xenotransplantation of human cancer cells into zebrafish, promising approaches toward live investigation of the tumor microenvironment, and identification of therapeutic strategies by performing compound screens on zebrafish cancer models. Given the recent advances in genome editing, personalized zebrafish cancer models are now a realistic possibility. In addition, ongoing automation will soon allow high-throughput compound screening using zebrafish cancer models to be part of preclinical precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kirchberger
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer Models, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer Models, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susana Pascoal
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer Models, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Distel
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer Models, Vienna, Austria
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169
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Yang Y, Ji D, Huang X, Zhang J, Liu J. Effects of metals on enantioselective toxicity and biotransformation of cis-bifenthrin in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2139-2146. [PMID: 28112430 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Co-occurrence of pyrethroids and metals in watersheds previously has been reported to pose great risk to aquatic species. Pyrethroids are a class of chiral insecticides that have been shown to have enantioselective toxicity and biotransformation. However, the influence of metals on enantioselectivity of pyrethroids has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, the effects of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) on the enantioselective toxicity and metabolism of cis-bifenthrin (cis-BF) were investigated in zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations. The addition of Cd, Cu, or Pb significantly increased the mortality of zebrafish in racemate and R-enantiomer of cis-BF-treated groups. In rac-cis-BF- or 1R-cis-BF-treated groups, the addition of Cd, Cu, or Pb caused a decrease in enantiomeric fraction (EF) and an increased ratio of R-enantiomer residues in zebrafish. In 1S-cis-BF-treated groups, coexposure to Cd led to a lower EF and decreased residue levels of S-enantiomer. In addition, coexposure to the 3 metals resulted in different biodegradation characteristics of each enantiomer accompanied with differential changes in the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1, CYP2, and CYP3 genes, which might be responsible for the enantioselective biodegradation of cis-BF in zebrafish. These results suggest that the influence of coexistent metals should be considered in the ecological risk assessment of chiral pyrethroids in aquatic environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2139-2146. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hygiene, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dapeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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170
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Saad M, Matheeussen A, Bijttebier S, Verbueken E, Pype C, Casteleyn C, Van Ginneken C, Apers S, Maes L, Cos P, Van Cruchten S. In vitro CYP-mediated drug metabolism in the zebrafish (embryo) using human reference compounds. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 42:329-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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171
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Hanigan D, Truong L, Simonich M, Tanguay R, Westerhoff P. Zebrafish embryo toxicity of 15 chlorinated, brominated, and iodinated disinfection by-products. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 58:302-310. [PMID: 28774621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection to protect human health occurs at drinking water and wastewater facilities through application of non-selective oxidants including chlorine. Oxidants also transform organic material and form disinfection by-products (DBPs), many of which are halogenated and cyto- and genotoxic. Only a handful of assays have been used to compare DBP toxicity, and researchers are unsure which DBP(s) drive the increased cancer risk associated with drinking chlorinated water. The most extensive data set employs an in vitro model cell, Chinese hamster ovary cells. Traditionally, most DBP research focuses on the threat to human health, but the effects on aquatic species exposed to DBPs in wastewater effluents remain ill defined. We present the developmental toxicity for 15 DBPs and a chlorinated wastewater to a model aquatic vertebrate, zebrafish. Mono-halogenated DBPs followed the in vivo toxicity rank order: acetamides>acetic acids>acetonitriles~nitrosamines, which agrees well with previously published mammalian in vitro data. Di- and tri-halogenated acetonitriles were more toxic than their mono-halogenated analogues, and bromine- and iodine-substituted DBPs tended to be more toxic than chlorinated analogues. No zebrafish development effects were observed after exposure to undiluted or non-concentrated, chlorinated wastewater. We find zebrafish development to be a viable in vivo alternative or confirmatory assay to mammalian in vitro cell assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hanigan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0258, United States; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, United States.
| | - Lisa Truong
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, United States
| | - Michael Simonich
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, United States
| | - Robert Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, United States
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172
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Bootorabi F, Manouchehri H, Changizi R, Barker H, Palazzo E, Saltari A, Parikka M, Pincelli C, Aspatwar A. Zebrafish as a Model Organism for the Development of Drugs for Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071550. [PMID: 28718799 PMCID: PMC5536038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer, which includes melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma, represents the most common type of cutaneous malignancy worldwide, and its incidence is expected to rise in the near future. This condition derives from acquired genetic dysregulation of signaling pathways involved in the proliferation and apoptosis of skin cells. The development of animal models has allowed a better understanding of these pathomechanisms, with the possibility of carrying out toxicological screening and drug development. In particular, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been established as one of the most important model organisms for cancer research. This model is particularly suitable for live cell imaging and high-throughput drug screening in a large-scale fashion. Thanks to the recent advances in genome editing, such as the clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) methodologies, the mechanisms associated with cancer development and progression, as well as drug resistance can be investigated and comprehended. With these unique tools, the zebrafish represents a powerful platform for skin cancer research in the development of target therapies. Here, we will review the advantages of using the zebrafish model for drug discovery and toxicological and phenotypical screening. We will focus in detail on the most recent progress in the field of zebrafish model generation for the study of melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), including cancer cell injection and transgenic animal development. Moreover, we will report the latest compounds and small molecules under investigation in melanoma zebrafish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bootorabi
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14114 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Manouchehri
- Department of Aquaculture, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, 47134 Babol, Iran.
| | - Reza Changizi
- Department of Aquaculture, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, 47134 Babol, Iran.
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Elisabetta Palazzo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Saltari
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy.
| | - Mataleena Parikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Carlo Pincelli
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy.
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
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173
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Lemaire B, Karchner SI, Goldstone JV, Lamb DC, Drazen JC, Rees JF, Hahn ME, Stegeman JJ. Molecular adaptation to high pressure in cytochrome P450 1A and aryl hydrocarbon receptor systems of the deep-sea fish Coryphaenoides armatus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1866:155-165. [PMID: 28694077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Limited knowledge of the molecular evolution of deep-sea fish proteomes so far suggests that a few widespread residue substitutions in cytosolic proteins binding hydrophilic ligands contribute to resistance to the effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HP). Structure-function studies with additional protein systems, including membrane bound proteins, are essential to provide a more general picture of adaptation in these extremophiles. We explored molecular features of HP adaptation in proteins binding hydrophobic ligands, either in lipid bilayers (cytochrome P450 1A - CYP1A) or in the cytosol (the aryl hydrocarbon receptor - AHR), and their partners P450 oxidoreductase (POR) and AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT), respectively. Cloning studies identified the full-length coding sequence of AHR, CYP1A and POR, and a partial sequence of ARNT from Coryphaenoides armatus, an abyssal gadiform fish thriving down to 5000m depth. Inferred protein sequences were aligned with many non-deep-sea homologs to identify unique amino acid substitutions of possible relevance in HP adaptation. Positionally unique substitutions of various physicochemical properties were found in all four proteins, usually at sites of strong-to-absolute residue conservation. Some were in domains deemed important for protein-protein interaction or ligand binding. In addition, some involved removal or addition of beta-branched residues; local modifications of beta-branched residue patterns could be important to HP adaptation. In silico predictions further suggested that some unique substitutions might substantially modulate the flexibility of the polypeptide segment in which they are found. Repetitive motifs unique to the abyssal fish AHR were predicted to be rich in glycosylation sites, suggesting that post-translational changes could be involved in adaptation as well. Recombinant CYP1A and AHR showed functional properties (spectral characteristics, catalytic activity and ligand binding) that demonstrate proper folding at 1atm, indicating that they could be used as deep-sea fish protein models to further evaluate protein function under pressure. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cytochrome P450 biodiversity and biotechnology, edited by Erika Plettner, Gianfranco Gilardi, Luet Wong, Vlada Urlacher, Jared Goldstone".
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lemaire
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Sibel I Karchner
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jared V Goldstone
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Lamb
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Institute of Life Science, Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Drazen
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jean François Rees
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J Stegeman
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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174
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Robinson BL, Dumas M, Ali SF, Paule MG, Gu Q, Kanungo J. Cyclosporine exacerbates ketamine toxicity in zebrafish: Mechanistic studies on drug-drug interaction. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:1438-1447. [PMID: 28569378 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly used in organ transplant patients to prevent allograft rejections. Ketamine is a pediatric anesthetic that noncompetitively inhibits the calcium-permeable N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors. Adverse drug-drug interaction effects between ketamine and CsA have been reported in mammals and humans. However, the mechanism of such drug-drug interaction is unclear. We have previously reported adverse effects of combination drugs, such as verapamil/ketamine and shown the mechanism through intervention by other drugs in zebrafish embryos. Here, we show that ketamine and CsA in combination produce developmental toxicity even leading to lethality in zebrafish larvae when exposure began at 24 h post-fertilization (hpf), whereas CsA did not cause any toxicity on its own. We also demonstrate that acetyl l-carnitine (ALCAR) completely reversed the adverse effects. Both ketamine and CsA are CYP3A4 substrates. Although ketamine and CsA independently altered the expression of the hepatic marker CYP3A65, a zebrafish ortholog of human CYP3A4, both drugs together induced further increase in CYP3A65 expression. In the presence of ALCAR, however, CYP3A65 expression was normalized. ALCAR has been shown to prevent ketamine toxicity in mammal and zebrafish. In conclusion, CsA exacerbated ketamine toxicity and ALCAR reversed the effects. These results, providing evidence for the first time on the reversal of the adverse effects of CsA/ketamine interaction by ALCAR, would prove useful in addressing potential occurrences of such toxicities in humans. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L Robinson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Melanie Dumas
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Syed F Ali
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Merle G Paule
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Qiang Gu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Jyotshna Kanungo
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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175
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Puthumana J, Kim BM, Jeong CB, Kim DH, Kang HM, Jung JH, Kim IC, Hwang UK, Lee JS. Nine co-localized cytochrome P450 genes of the CYP2N, CYP2AD, and CYP2P gene families in the mangrove killifish Kryptolebias marmoratus genome: Identification and expression in response to B[α]P, BPA, OP, and NP. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 187:132-140. [PMID: 28411468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The CYP2 genes are the largest and most diverse cytochrome P450 (CYP) subfamily in vertebrates. We have identified nine co-localized CYP2 genes (∼55kb) in a new cluster in the genome of the highly resilient ecotoxicological fish model Kryptolebias marmoratus. Molecular characterization, temporal and tissue-specific expression pattern, and response to xenobiotics of these genes were examined. The CYP2 gene clusters were characterized and designated CYP2N22-23, CYP2AD12, and CYP2P16-20. Gene synteny analysis confirmed that the cluster in K. marmoratus is similar to that found in other teleost fishes, including zebrafish. A gene duplication event with diverged catalytic function was observed in CYP2AD12. Moreover, a high level of divergence in expression was observed among the co-localized genes. Phylogeny of the cluster suggested an orthologous relationship with similar genes in zebrafish and Japanese medaka. Gene expression analysis showed that CYP2P19 and CYP2N20 were consecutively expressed throughout embryonic development, whereas CYP2P18 was expressed in all adult tissues, suggesting that members of each CYP2 gene family have different physiological roles even though they are located in the same cluster. Among endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) induced expression of CYP2N23, bisphenol A (BPA) induced CYP2P18 and CYP2P19, and 4-octylphenol (OP) induced CYP2AD12, but there was no significant response to 4-nonylphenol (NP), implying differential catalytic roles of the enzyme. In this paper, we identify and characterize a CYP2 gene cluster in the mangrove killifish K. marmoratus with differing catalytic roles toward EDCs. Our findings provide insights on the roles of nine co-localized CYP2 genes and their catalytic functions for better understanding of chemical-biological interactions in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Incheon 46083, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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176
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Dhers L, Ducassou L, Boucher JL, Mansuy D. Cytochrome P450 2U1, a very peculiar member of the human P450s family. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1859-1869. [PMID: 28083596 PMCID: PMC11107762 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) exhibits several distinctive characteristics among the 57 human CYPs, such as its presence in almost all living organisms with a highly conserved sequence, its particular gene organization with only five exons, its major location in thymus and brain, and its protein sequence involving an unusually long N-terminal region containing 8 proline residues and an insert of about 20 amino acids containing 5 arginine residues after the transmembrane helix. Few substrates, including fatty acids, N-arachidonoylserotonin (AS), and some drugs, have been reported so far. However, its biological roles remain largely unknown, even though CYP2U1 mutations have been involved in some pathological situations, such as complicated forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia. These data together with its ability to hydroxylate some fatty acids and AS suggest its possible role in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dhers
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - L Ducassou
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - J-L Boucher
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - D Mansuy
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
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177
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Fatty Acid Oxidation in Zebrafish Adipose Tissue Is Promoted by 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3. Cell Rep 2017; 19:1444-1455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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178
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Zebrafish as an Alternative Vertebrate Model for Investigating Developmental Toxicity-The Triadimefon Example. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040817. [PMID: 28417904 PMCID: PMC5412401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triadimefon is a widely used triazole fungicide known to cause severe developmental defects in several model organisms and in humans. The present study evaluated in detail the developmental effects seen in zebrafish embryos exposed to triadimefon, confirmed and expanded upon previous phenotypic findings and compared them to those observed in other traditional animal models. In order to do this, we exposed embryos to 2 and 4 µg/mL triadimefon and evaluated growth until 120 h post-fertilization (hpf) through gross morphology examination. Our analysis revealed significant developmental defects at the highest tested concentration including somite deformities, severe craniofacial defects, a cleft phenotype along the three primary neural divisions, a rigorously hypoplastic or even absent mandible and a hypoplastic morphology of the pharyngeal arches. Interestingly, massive pericardial edemas, abnormal shaped hearts, brachycardia and inhibited or absent blood circulation were also observed. Our results revealed that the presented zebrafish phenotypes are comparable to those seen in other organism models and those derived from human observations as a result of triadimefon exposure. We therefore demonstrated that zebrafish provide an excellent system for study of compounds with toxic significance and can be used as an alternative model for developmental toxicity studies to predict effects in mammals.
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179
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Yang YJ, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhou L, Gui JF. Sequential, Divergent, and Cooperative Requirements of Foxl2a and Foxl2b in Ovary Development and Maintenance of Zebrafish. Genetics 2017; 205:1551-1572. [PMID: 28193729 PMCID: PMC5378113 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.199133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxl2 is essential for mammalian ovary maintenance. Although sexually dimorphic expression of foxl2 was observed in many teleosts, its role and regulative mechanism in fish remained largely unclear. In this study, we first identified two transcript variants of foxl2a and its homologous gene foxl2b in zebrafish, and revealed their specific expression in follicular layer cells in a sequential and divergent fashion during ovary differentiation, maturation, and maintenance. Then, homozygous foxl2a mutants (foxl2a-/-) and foxl2b mutants (foxl2b-/-) were constructed and detailed comparisons, such as sex ratio, gonadal histological structure, transcriptome profiling, and dynamic expression of gonadal development-related genes, were carried out. Initial ovarian differentiation and oocyte development occur normally both in foxl2a-/- and foxl2b-/- mutants, but foxl2a and foxl2b disruptions result in premature ovarian failure and partial sex reversal, respectively, in adult females. In foxl2a-/- female mutants, sox9a-amh/cyp19a1a signaling was upregulated at 150 days postfertilization (dpf) and subsequently oocyte apoptosis was triggered after 180 dpf. In contrast, dmrt1 expression was greater at 105 dpf and increased several 100-fold in foxl2b-/- mutated ovaries at 270 dpf, along with other testis-related genes. Finally, homozygous foxl2a-/-/foxl2b-/- double mutants were constructed in which complete sex reversal occurs early and testis-differentiation genes robustly increase at 60 dpf. Given mutual compensation between foxl2a and foxl2b in foxl2b-/- and foxl2a-/- mutants, we proposed a model in which foxl2a and foxl2b cooperate to regulate zebrafish ovary development and maintenance, with foxl2b potentially having a dominant role in preventing the ovary from differentiating as testis, as compared to foxl2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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180
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ARMITAGE JAMESM, ERICKSON RUSSELLJ, LUCKENBACH TILL, NG CARLAA, PROSSER RYANS, ARNOT JONA, SCHIRMER KRISTIN, NICHOLS JOHNW. Assessing the bioaccumulation potential of ionizable organic compounds: Current knowledge and research priorities. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:882-897. [PMID: 27992066 PMCID: PMC6172661 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review the current knowledge regarding the bioaccumulation potential of ionizable organic compounds (IOCs), with a focus on the availability of empirical data for fish. Aspects of the bioaccumulation potential of IOCs in fish that can be characterized relatively well include the pH dependence of gill uptake and elimination, uptake in the gut, and sorption to phospholipids (membrane-water partitioning). Key challenges include the lack of empirical data for biotransformation and binding in plasma. Fish possess a diverse array of proteins that may transport IOCs across cell membranes. Except in a few cases, however, the significance of this transport for uptake and accumulation of environmental contaminants is unknown. Two case studies are presented. The first describes modeled effects of pH and biotransformation on the bioconcentration of organic acids and bases, while the second employs an updated model to investigate factors responsible for accumulation of perfluorinated alkyl acids. The perfluorinated alkyl acid case study is notable insofar as it illustrates the likely importance of membrane transporters in the kidney and highlights the potential value of read-across approaches. Recognizing the current need to perform bioaccumulation hazard assessments and ecological and exposure risk assessment for IOCs, the authors provide a tiered strategy that progresses (as needed) from conservative assumptions (models and associated data) to more sophisticated models requiring chemical-specific information. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:882-897. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- JAMES M. ARMITAGE
- University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Address correspondence to
| | - RUSSELL J. ERICKSON
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - TILL LUCKENBACH
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ — Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - CARLA A. NG
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - RYAN S. PROSSER
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - JON A. ARNOT
- University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ARC Arnot Research and Consulting, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - KRISTIN SCHIRMER
- Eawag, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
- EPFL, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETHZ, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - JOHN W. NICHOLS
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
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181
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Le Fol V, Brion F, Hillenweck A, Perdu E, Bruel S, Aït-Aïssa S, Cravedi JP, Zalko D. Comparison of the In Vivo Biotransformation of Two Emerging Estrogenic Contaminants, BP2 and BPS, in Zebrafish Embryos and Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E704. [PMID: 28346357 PMCID: PMC5412290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish embryo assays are increasingly used in the toxicological assessment of endocrine disruptors. Among other advantages, these models are 3R-compliant and are fit for screening purposes. Biotransformation processes are well-recognized as a critical factor influencing toxic response, but major gaps of knowledge exist regarding the characterization of functional metabolic capacities expressed in zebrafish. Comparative metabolic studies between embryos and adults are even scarcer. Using ³H-labeled chemicals, we examined the fate of two estrogenic emerging contaminants, benzophenone-2 (BP2) and bisphenol S (BPS), in 4-day embryos and adult zebrafish. BPS and BP2 were exclusively metabolized through phase II pathways, with no major qualitative difference between larvae and adults except the occurrence of a BP2-di-glucuronide in adults. Quantitatively, the biotransformation of both molecules was more extensive in adults. For BPS, glucuronidation was the predominant pathway in adults and larvae. For BP2, glucuronidation was the major pathway in larvae, but sulfation predominated in adults, with ca. 40% conversion of parent BP2 and an extensive release of several conjugates into water. Further larvae/adults quantitative differences were demonstrated for both molecules, with higher residue concentrations measured in larvae. The study contributes novel data regarding the metabolism of BPS and BP2 in a fish model and shows that phase II conjugation pathways are already functional in 4-dpf-old zebrafish. Comparative analysis of BP2 and BPS metabolic profiles in zebrafish larvae and adults further supports the use of zebrafish embryo as a relevant model in which toxicity and estrogenic activity can be assessed, while taking into account the absorption and fate of tested substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Le Fol
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Anne Hillenweck
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - Elisabeth Perdu
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - Sandrine Bruel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Cravedi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France.
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182
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Han J, Kim DH, Seo JS, Kim IC, Nelson DR, Puthumana J, Lee JS. Assessing the identity and expression level of the cytochrome P450 20A1 (CYP20A1) gene in the BPA-, BDE-47, and WAF-exposed copepods Tigriopus japonicus and Paracyclopina nana. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 193:42-49. [PMID: 28088650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CYP20A1 is a member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, identified as an orphan P450 without any assigned biological function; hence, its continued status as an "orphan" gene. In order to address this shortcoming in our understanding of this superfamily, we sought to characterize the CYP20A1 gene in the copepods Tigriopus japonicus (Tj-CYP20A1) and Paracyclopina nana (Pn-CYP20A1) at their mRNA transcriptional level. We assessed the response of this gene's expression in various developmental stages and in response to treatment with bisphenol A (BPA), 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil. As shown in the vertebrate CYP20A1, both Tj-CYP20A1 and Pn-CYP20A1 contained characteristic conserved motifs and domain regions (I helix, K helix and heme-binding motifs) with unusual amino acid sequences apparent in their gene structure. Also molecular characterization of the putative responsive elements in the promoter regions was performed. We observed transcriptional up-regulation of these genes during post-embryonic developmental stages including sex-specific up-regulation in adults. In addition, concentration- and time-dependent mRNA transcripts in response to xenobiotics (BPA, BDE-47, and WAFs) were seen. This study focuses on the molecular elucidation of CYP20A1 genes and their interactions with xenobiotics in the copepods T. japonicus and P. nana that provides important insight into the biological importance of CYP20A1 in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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183
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Yarmohammadi M, Pourkazemi M, Kazemi R. Differential expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a mRNA during gonad developmental stages in great sturgeon Huso huso. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:1104-1111. [PMID: 27885666 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the sex specificity and expression pattern of foxl2 and cyp19a1a genes in great sturgeon Huso huso gonads during gonadal sex differentiation and development. The results revealed that foxl2 and cyp19a1a mainly expressed in female gonads and during gonad development the foxl2 and cyp19a1a mRNA expression is required for ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yarmohammadi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 41635-3464, Rasht, Iran
| | - M Pourkazemi
- Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 149-14965, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Kazemi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 41635-3464, Rasht, Iran
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184
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Nguyen XB, Kislyuk S, Pham DH, Kecskés A, Maes J, Cabooter D, Annaert P, De Witte P, Ny A. Cell Imaging Counting as a Novel Ex Vivo Approach for Investigating Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E356. [PMID: 28208716 PMCID: PMC5343891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common reason for failures during the drug development process and for safety-related withdrawal of drugs from the pharmaceutical market. Therefore, having tools and techniques that can detect hepatotoxic properties in drug candidates at an early discovery stage is highly desirable. In this study, cell imaging counting was used to measure in a fast, straightforward, and unbiased way the effect of paracetamol and tetracycline, (compounds known to cause hepatotoxicity in humans) on the amount of DsRed-labeled hepatocytes recovered by protease digestion from Tg(fabp10a:DsRed) transgenic zebrafish. The outcome was in general comparable with the results obtained using two reference methods, i.e., visual analysis of liver morphology by fluorescence microscopy and size analysis of fluorescent 2D liver images. In addition, our study shows that administering compounds into the yolk is relevant in the framework of hepatotoxicity testing. Taken together, cell imaging counting provides a novel and rapid tool for screening hepatotoxicants in early stages of drug development. This method is also suitable for testing of other organ-related toxicities subject to the organs and tissues expressing fluorescent proteins in transgenic zebrafish lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Bac Nguyen
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Stanislav Kislyuk
- Division Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Duc-Hung Pham
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Angela Kecskés
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan Maes
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- Division Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter De Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Annelii Ny
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, O & N II Herestraat 49-box 824, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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185
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Verbueken E, Alsop D, Saad MA, Pype C, Van Peer EM, Casteleyn CR, Van Ginneken CJ, Wilson J, Van Cruchten SJ. In Vitro Biotransformation of Two Human CYP3A Probe Substrates and Their Inhibition during Early Zebrafish Development. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010217. [PMID: 28117738 PMCID: PMC5297846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the zebrafish embryo is increasingly used as an alternative animal model to screen for developmental toxicity after exposure to xenobiotics. Since zebrafish embryos depend on their own drug-metabolizing capacity, knowledge of their intrinsic biotransformation is pivotal in order to correctly interpret the outcome of teratogenicity assays. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to assess the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP)—a group of drug-metabolizing enzymes—in microsomes from whole zebrafish embryos (ZEM) of 5, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h post-fertilization (hpf) by means of a mammalian CYP substrate, i.e., benzyloxy-methyl-resorufin (BOMR). The same CYP activity assays were performed in adult zebrafish liver microsomes (ZLM) to serve as a reference for the embryos. In addition, activity assays with the human CYP3A4-specific Luciferin isopropyl acetal (Luciferin-IPA) as well as inhibition studies with ketoconazole and CYP3cide were carried out to identify CYP activity in ZLM. In the present study, biotransformation of BOMR was detected at 72 and 96 hpf; however, metabolite formation was low compared with ZLM. Furthermore, Luciferin-IPA was not metabolized by the zebrafish. In conclusion, the capacity of intrinsic biotransformation in zebrafish embryos appears to be lacking during a major part of organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evy Verbueken
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Derek Alsop
- Wilson Tox Lab, Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Moayad A Saad
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Casper Pype
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Els M Van Peer
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Christophe R Casteleyn
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Chris J Van Ginneken
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Joanna Wilson
- Wilson Tox Lab, Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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186
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Brannen KC, Chapin RE, Jacobs AC, Green ML. Alternative Models of Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity in Pharmaceutical Risk Assessment and the 3Rs. ILAR J 2017; 57:144-156. [DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilw026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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187
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Baron MG, Mintram KS, Owen SF, Hetheridge MJ, Moody AJ, Purcell WM, Jackson SK, Jha AN. Pharmaceutical Metabolism in Fish: Using a 3-D Hepatic In Vitro Model to Assess Clearance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168837. [PMID: 28045944 PMCID: PMC5207725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
At high internal doses, pharmaceuticals have the potential for inducing biological/pharmacological effects in fish. One particular concern for the environment is their potential to bioaccumulate and reach pharmacological levels; the study of these implications for environmental risk assessment has therefore gained increasing attention. To avoid unnecessary testing on animals, in vitro methods for assessment of xenobiotic metabolism could aid in the ecotoxicological evaluation. Here we report the use of a 3-D in vitro liver organoid culture system (spheroids) derived from rainbow trout to measure the metabolism of seven pharmaceuticals using a substrate depletion assay. Of the pharmaceuticals tested, propranolol, diclofenac and phenylbutazone were metabolised by trout liver spheroids; atenolol, metoprolol, diazepam and carbamazepine were not. Substrate depletion kinetics data was used to estimate intrinsic hepatic clearance by this spheroid model, which was similar for diclofenac and approximately 5 fold higher for propranolol when compared to trout liver microsomal fraction (S9) data. These results suggest that liver spheroids could be used as a relevant and metabolically competent in vitro model with which to measure the biotransformation of pharmaceuticals in fish; and propranolol acts as a reproducible positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Baron
- School of Biological Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Kate S. Mintram
- School of Biological Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart F. Owen
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - A. John Moody
- School of Biological Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy M. Purcell
- School of Biomedical & Healthcare Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Simon K. Jackson
- School of Biomedical & Healthcare Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Awadhesh N. Jha
- School of Biological Science, Plymouth University, Devon, United Kingdom
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188
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Burkina V, Rasmussen MK, Pilipenko N, Zamaratskaia G. Comparison of xenobiotic-metabolising human, porcine, rodent, and piscine cytochrome P450. Toxicology 2017; 375:10-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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189
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Dhers L, Pietrancosta N, Ducassou L, Ramassamy B, Dairou J, Jaouen M, André F, Mansuy D, Boucher JL. Spectral and 3D model studies of the interaction of orphan human cytochrome P450 2U1 with substrates and ligands. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:3144-3153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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190
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Baxendale S, van Eeden F, Wilkinson R. The Power of Zebrafish in Personalised Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1007:179-197. [PMID: 28840558 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60733-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The goal of personalised medicine is to develop tailor-made therapies for patients in whom currently available therapeutics fail. This approach requires correlating individual patient genotype data to specific disease phenotype data and using these stratified data sets to identify bespoke therapeutics. Applications for personalised medicine include common complex diseases which may have multiple targets, as well as rare monogenic disorders, for which the target may be unknown. In both cases, whole genome sequence analysis (WGS) is discovering large numbers of disease associated mutations in new candidate genes and potential modifier genes. Currently, the main limiting factor is the determination of which mutated genes are important for disease progression and therefore represent potential targets for drug discovery. Zebrafish have gained popularity as a model organism for understanding developmental processes, disease mechanisms and more recently for drug discovery and toxicity testing. In this chapter, we will examine the diverse roles that zebrafish can make in the expanding field of personalised medicine, from generating humanised disease models to xenograft screening of different cancer cell lines, through to finding new drugs via in vivo phenotypic screens. We will discuss the tools available for zebrafish research and recent advances in techniques, highlighting the advantages and potential of using zebrafish for high throughput disease modeling and precision drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Baxendale
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Freek van Eeden
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Robert Wilkinson
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Rd, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
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191
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Abstract
As manufacturing processes and development of new synthetic compounds increase to keep pace with the expanding global demand, environmental health, and the effects of toxicant exposure are emerging as critical public health concerns. Additionally, chemicals that naturally occur in the environment, such as metals, have profound effects on human and animal health. Many of these compounds are in the news: lead, arsenic, and endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A have all been widely publicized as causing disease or damage to humans and wildlife in recent years. Despite the widespread appreciation that environmental toxins can be harmful, there is limited understanding of how many toxins cause disease. Zebrafish are at the forefront of toxicology research; this system has been widely used as a tool to detect toxins in water samples and to investigate the mechanisms of action of environmental toxins and their related diseases. The benefits of zebrafish for studying vertebrate development are equally useful for studying teratogens. Here, we review how zebrafish are being used both to detect the presence of some toxins as well as to identify how environmental exposures affect human health and disease. We focus on areas where zebrafish have been most effectively used in ecotoxicology and in environmental health, including investigation of exposures to endocrine disruptors, industrial waste byproducts, and arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Bambino
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Jaime Chu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
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192
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Astin JW, Keerthisinghe P, Du L, Sanderson LE, Crosier KE, Crosier PS, Hall CJ. Innate immune cells and bacterial infection in zebrafish. Methods Cell Biol 2016; 138:31-60. [PMID: 28129850 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The physical attributes of the zebrafish, including optical transparency during embryogenesis, large clutch sizes, external development, and rapid organogenesis were features that initially attracted developmental biologists to use this vertebrate as an experimental model system. With the progressive development of an extensive genetic "tool kit" and an ever-growing number of transgenic reporter lines, the zebrafish model has evolved into an informative system in which to mimic and study aspects of human disease, including those associated with bacterial infections. This chapter provides detailed protocols for microinjection of bacterial strains into zebrafish larvae and subsequent experiments to investigate single-larva bacterial burdens, live imaging of specific neutrophil and macrophage bactericidal functions, and how these protocols may be applied to drug discovery approaches to uncover novel immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Astin
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - L Du
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - K E Crosier
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P S Crosier
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C J Hall
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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193
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Deveau AP, Bentley VL, Berman JN. Using zebrafish models of leukemia to streamline drug screening and discovery. Exp Hematol 2016; 45:1-9. [PMID: 27720937 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for acute leukemias largely rely on nonspecific cytotoxic drugs that result in high therapy-related morbidity and mortality. Cost-effective, pertinent animal models are needed to link in vitro studies with the development of new therapeutic agents in clinical trials on a high-throughput scale. However, targeted therapies have had limited success moving from bench to clinic, often due to unexpected off-target effects. The zebrafish has emerged as a reliable in vivo tool for modeling human leukemia. Zebrafish genetic and xenograft models of acute leukemia provide an unprecedented opportunity to conduct rapid, phenotype-based screens. This allows for the identification of relevant therapies while simultaneously evaluating drug toxicity, thus circumventing the limitations of target-centric approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Deveau
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Victoria L Bentley
- Undergraduate Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jason N Berman
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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194
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Brox S, Seiwert B, Küster E, Reemtsma T. Toxicokinetics of Polar Chemicals in Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio): Influence of Physicochemical Properties and of Biological Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10264-72. [PMID: 27571242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The time-resolved uptake of 17 nonionic and ionic polar compounds (logD ≤ 2) with a diversity of functional groups into zebrafish embryos (ZFE) was studied over 96 h of exposure. Among them were pharmaceuticals, pesticides and plant active ingredients. Uptake rates for the diffusion controlled passive uptake through the ZFE membrane ranged from 0.02 to 24 h(-1) for the nonionic compounds and were slower for ionic compounds (<0.008-0.08 h(-1)). The study compounds did not enrich much in the ZFE (median bioconcentration factor of 1, max. 7). Biotransformation significantly influenced the internal concentration of some of the test compounds over time (benzocaine, phenacetin, metribuzin, phenytoin, thiacloprid, valproic acid). For benzocaine, valproic acid and phenacetin several transformation products (TPs) were observed by LC-MS already at early life-stages (before 28 hpf); for benzocaine the TPs comprised >90% of the initial amount taken up into the ZFE. For six compounds internal concentrations remained very low (rel. int. conc. < 0.2). Besides biotransformation (sulfamethoxazole), poor membrane permeability (cimetidine, colchicine) and also affinity to efflux transporters (atropine and chloramphenicol) are the likely reasons for these low internal concentrations. This study outlines that the uptake of polar compounds into ZFE is influenced by their physicochemical properties. However, biological processes, biotransformation and, likely, efflux can strongly affect the internal concentrations already in early developmental stages of the ZFE. This should be considered in future toxicokinetic modeling. The evaluation of the toxicity of chemicals by ZFE requires toxicokinetic studies of the test compounds and their TPs to increase comparability to effects in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Brox
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bettina Seiwert
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eberhard Küster
- Department Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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195
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Kantae V, Krekels EHJ, Ordas A, González O, van Wijk RC, Harms AC, Racz PI, van der Graaf PH, Spaink HP, Hankemeier T. Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Paracetamol Uptake and Clearance in Zebrafish Larvae: Expanding the Allometric Scale in Vertebrates with Five Orders of Magnitude. Zebrafish 2016; 13:504-510. [PMID: 27632065 PMCID: PMC5124745 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) are increasingly used to translate findings regarding drug efficacy and safety from in vitro-based assays to vertebrate species, including humans. However, the limited understanding of drug exposure in this species hampers its implementation in translational research. Using paracetamol as a paradigm compound, we present a novel method to characterize pharmacokinetic processes in zebrafish larvae, by combining sensitive bioanalytical methods and nonlinear mixed effects modeling. The developed method allowed quantification of paracetamol and its two major metabolites, paracetamol-sulfate and paracetamol-glucuronide in pooled samples of five lysed zebrafish larvae of 3 days post-fertilization. Paracetamol drug uptake was quantified to be 0.289 pmole/min and paracetamol clearance was quantified to be 1.7% of the total value of the larvae. With an average volume determined to be 0.290 μL, this yields an absolute clearance of 2.96 × 107 L/h, which scales reasonably well with clearance rates in higher vertebrates. The developed methodology will improve the success rate of drug screens in zebrafish larvae and the translation potential of findings, by allowing the establishment of accurate exposure profiles and thereby also the establishment of concentration–effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudev Kantae
- 1 Division of Analytical Biosciences, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elke H J Krekels
- 2 Division of Pharmacology, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Ordas
- 3 IBL, Institute of Biology, Leiden University , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Oskar González
- 1 Division of Analytical Biosciences, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands .,4 Science and Technology Faculty, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country/EHU , Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rob C van Wijk
- 2 Division of Pharmacology, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amy C Harms
- 1 Division of Analytical Biosciences, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Piet H van der Graaf
- 2 Division of Pharmacology, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman P Spaink
- 3 IBL, Institute of Biology, Leiden University , Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- 1 Division of Analytical Biosciences, Systems Pharmacology Cluster, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
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196
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Pessatti TB, Lüchmann KH, Flores-Nunes F, Mattos JJ, Sasaki ST, Taniguchi S, Bícego MC, Dias Bainy AC. Upregulation of biotransformation genes in gills of oyster Crassostrea brasiliana exposed in situ to urban effluents, Florianópolis Bay, Southern Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 131:172-180. [PMID: 27085375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The release of untreated sanitary sewage, combined with unplanned urban growth, are major factors contributing to degradation of coastal ecosystems in developing countries, including Brazil. Sanitary sewage is a complex mixture of chemicals that can negatively affect aquatic organisms. The use of molecular biomarkers can help to understand and to monitor the biological effects elicited by contaminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in transcript levels of genes related to xenobiotic biotransformation in the gills of oysters Crassostrea brasiliana transplanted and kept for 24h at three areas potentially contaminated by sanitary sewage (Bücheller river, BUC; Biguaçu river, BIG; and Ratones island, RAT), one farming area (Sambaqui beach, SAM) and at one reference site (Forte beach, FOR) in the North Bay of Santa Catarina Island (Florianópolis, Brazil). Transcript levels of four cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYP2AU1, CYP3A-like, CYP356A1-like and CYP20A1-like), three glutathione S-transferase (GST alpha-like, GST pi-like and GST microsomal 3-like) and one sulfotransferase gene (SULT-like) were evaluated by means of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Chemical analysis of the sediment from each site were performed and revealed the presence of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, linear alkylbenzenes and fecal sterols in the contaminated areas (BUC and BIG). Water quality analysis showed that these sites had the highest levels of fecal coliforms and other parameters evidencing the presence of urban sewage discharges. Among the results for gene transcription, CYP2AU1 and SULT-like levels were upregulated by 20 and 50-fold, respectively, in the oysters kept for 24h at the most contaminated site (BUC), suggesting a role of these genes in the detoxification of organic pollutants. These data reinforce that gills possibly have an important role in xenobiotic metabolism and highlight the use of C. brasiliana as a sentinel for monitoring environmental contamination in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás B Pessatti
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Karim H Lüchmann
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Fishery Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Sílvio T Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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197
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In vitro CYP1A activity in the zebrafish: temporal but low metabolite levels during organogenesis and lack of gender differences in the adult stage. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 64:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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198
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Humanizing the zebrafish liver shifts drug metabolic profiles and improves pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 substrates. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1187-1197. [PMID: 27485346 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding and predicting whether new drug candidates will be safe in the clinic is a critical hurdle in pharmaceutical development, that relies in part on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicology studies in vivo. Zebrafish is a relatively new model system for drug metabolism and toxicity studies, offering whole organism screening coupled with small size and potential for high-throughput screening. Through toxicity and absorption analyses of a number of drugs, we find that zebrafish is generally predictive of drug toxicity, although assay outcomes are influenced by drug lipophilicity which alters drug uptake. In addition, liver microsome assays reveal specific differences in metabolism of compounds between human and zebrafish livers, likely resulting from the divergence of the cytochrome P450 superfamily between species. To reflect human metabolism more accurately, we generated a transgenic "humanized" zebrafish line that expresses the major human phase I detoxifying enzyme, CYP3A4, in the liver. Here, we show that this humanized line shows an elevated metabolism of CYP3A4-specific substrates compared to wild-type zebrafish. The generation of this first described humanized zebrafish liver suggests such approaches can enhance the accuracy of the zebrafish model for toxicity prediction.
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Piazza RS, Trevisan R, Flores-Nunes F, Toledo-Silva G, Wendt N, Mattos JJ, Lima D, Taniguchi S, Sasaki ST, Mello ÁCP, Zacchi FL, Serrano MAS, Gomes CHAM, Bícego MC, Almeida EAD, Bainy ACD. Exposure to phenanthrene and depuration: Changes on gene transcription, enzymatic activity and lipid peroxidation in gill of scallops Nodipecten nodosus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:146-155. [PMID: 27286572 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of phenanthrene (PHE) biotransformation and related cellular responses in bivalves can be an important tool to elucidate the risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to aquatic organisms. In the present study it was analyzed the transcriptional levels of 13 biotransformation genes related to cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione S-transferase (GST), sulfotransferase (SULT), flavin-containing monooxygenase and fatty acid-binding proteins by qPCR in gill of scallops Nodipecten nodosus exposed for 24 or 96h to 50 or 200μgL(-1) PHE (equivalent to 0.28 and 1.12μM, respectively), followed by depuration in clean water for 96h (DEP). Likewise, it was quantified the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), GST and levels of lipid peroxidation. Increased transcriptional levels of CYP2UI-like, CYP2D20-like, CYP3A11-like, GSTomega-like, SULT1B1-like genes were detected in organisms exposed to PHE for 24 or 96h. In parallel, GR and GPX activities increased after 96h exposure to 200μgL(-1) PHE and G6PDH activity increased after 24h exposure to 50μgL(-1) PHE. This enhancement of antioxidant and phase I and II biotransformation systems may be related to the 2.7 and 12.5 fold increases in PHE bioaccumulation after 96h exposure to 50 and 200μgL(-1) PHE, respectively. Interestingly, DEP caused reestablishment of GPX and GR activity, as well as to the transcript levels of all upregulated biotransformation genes (except for SULT1B1-like). Bioaccumulated PHE levels decreased 2.5-2.9 fold after depuration, although some biochemical and molecular modifications were still present. Lipid peroxidation levels remained lower in animals exposed to 200μgL(-1) PHE for 24h and DEP. These data indicate that N. nodosus is able to induce an antioxidant and biotransformation-related response to PHE exposure, counteracting its toxicity, and DEP can be an effective protocol for bivalve depuration after PHE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômi S Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael Trevisan
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Toledo-Silva
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nestor Wendt
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daína Lima
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvio Tarou Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Álvaro C P Mello
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Miguel A S Serrano
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos H A M Gomes
- Laboratory of Marine Mollusks (LMM), Department of Aquaculture, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A de Almeida
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, IBILCE, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Xi Y, Seyoum H, Liu MC. Role of SULT-mediated sulfation in the biotransformation of 2-butoxyethanol and sorbitan monolaurate: A study using zebrafish SULTs. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:19-21. [PMID: 27218426 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
2-Butoxyethanol and sorbitan monolaurate are major components of oil dispersants that are applied in large quantities to control oil spill in the aquatic environment. An important question is whether aquatic animals are equipped with mechanisms for the detoxification of these oil dispersant compounds. The current study aimed to examine whether zebrafish cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) are capable of sulfating 2-butoxyethanol and sorbitan monolaurate. A systematic analysis of 18 zebrafish SULTs revealed that SULT3 ST1 showed the strongest sulfating activity toward 2-butoxyethanol, while SULT1 ST3 displayed the strongest sulfating activity toward sorbitan monolaurate. The pH-dependence of these two SULTs in mediating the sulfation of 2-butoxyethanol or sorbitan monolaurate was examined. Taken together, these results implied that SULT-mediated sulfation may function in the detoxification of these two oil dispersant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Helen Seyoum
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ming-Cheh Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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