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Ondračková M, Janáč M, Borcherding J, Grabowska J, Bartáková V, Jurajda P. Non-native gobies share predominantly immature parasites with local fish hosts. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.25225/jvb.21050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Ondračková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Michal Janáč
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Jost Borcherding
- General Ecology, Institute for Zoology of the University of Cologne, Ecological Field Station Rees, Cologne, Germany; e-mail:
| | - Joanna Grabowska
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland; e-mail:
| | - Veronika Bartáková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Pavel Jurajda
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: , , ,
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153
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Daane JM, Blum N, Lanni J, Boldt H, Iovine MK, Higdon CW, Johnson SL, Lovejoy NR, Harris MP. Modulation of bioelectric cues in the evolution of flying fishes. Curr Biol 2021; 31:5052-5061.e8. [PMID: 34534441 PMCID: PMC9172250 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Changes to allometry, or the relative proportions of organs and tissues within organisms, is a common means for adaptive character change in evolution. However, little is understood about how relative size is specified during development and shaped during evolution. Here, through a phylogenomic analysis of genome-wide variation in 35 species of flying fishes and relatives, we identify genetic signatures in both coding and regulatory regions underlying the convergent evolution of increased paired fin size and aerial gliding behaviors. To refine our analysis, we intersected convergent phylogenomic signatures with mutants with altered fin size identified in distantly related zebrafish. Through these paired approaches, we identify a surprising role for an L-type amino acid transporter, lat4a, and the potassium channel, kcnh2a, in the regulation of fin proportion. We show that interaction between these genetic loci in zebrafish closely phenocopies the observed fin proportions of flying fishes. The congruence of experimental and phylogenomic findings point to conserved, non-canonical signaling integrating bioelectric cues and amino acid transport in the establishment of relative size in development and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Daane
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02124, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02124, USA; Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University Marine Science Center, Nahant, MA 01908, USA.
| | - Nicola Blum
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02124, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02124, USA
| | - Jennifer Lanni
- Department of Biology, Wheaton College, Norton, MA 02766, USA
| | - Helena Boldt
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02124, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02124, USA
| | - M Kathryn Iovine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Charles W Higdon
- Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephen L Johnson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nathan R Lovejoy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C-1A4, Canada
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02124, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02124, USA.
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154
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Trudeau VL. Neuroendocrine Control of Reproduction in Teleost Fish: Concepts and Controversies. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2021; 10:107-130. [PMID: 34788545 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-020420-042015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
During the teleost radiation, extensive development of the direct innervation mode of hypothalamo-pituitary communication was accompanied by loss of the median eminence typical of mammals. Cells secreting follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone cells are directly innervated, distinct populations in the anterior pituitary. So far, ∼20 stimulatory and ∼10 inhibitory neuropeptides, 3 amines, and 3 amino acid neurotransmitters are implicated in the control of reproduction. Positive and negative sex steroid feedback loops operate in both sexes. Gene mutation models in zebrafish and medaka now challenge our general understanding of vertebrate neuropeptidergic control. New reproductive neuropeptides are emerging. These include but are not limited to nesfatin 1, neurokinin B, and the secretoneurins. A generalized model for the neuroendocrine control of reproduction is proposed. Hopefully, this will serve as a research framework on diverse species to help explain the evolution of neuroendocrine control and lead to the discovery of new hormones with novel applications. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Volume 10 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ,
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155
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Dornburg A, Near TJ. The Emerging Phylogenetic Perspective on the Evolution of Actinopterygian Fishes. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-122120-122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of a new phylogeny of ray-finned fishes at the turn of the twenty-first century marked a paradigm shift in understanding the evolutionary history of half of living vertebrates. We review how the new ray-finned fish phylogeny radically departs from classical expectations based on morphology. We focus on evolutionary relationships that span the backbone of ray-finned fish phylogeny, from the earliest divergences among teleosts and nonteleosts to the resolution of major lineages of Percomorpha. Throughout, we feature advances gained by the new phylogeny toward a broader understanding of ray-finned fish evolutionary history and the implications for topics that span from the genetics of human health to reconsidering the concept of living fossils. Additionally, we discuss conceptual challenges that involve reconciling taxonomic classification with phylogenetic relationships and propose an alternate higher-level classification for Percomorpha. Our review highlights remaining areas of phylogenetic uncertainty and opportunities for comparative investigations empowered by this new phylogenetic perspective on ray-finned fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dornburg
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA
| | - Thomas J. Near
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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156
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Tavera J, Rojas-Vélez S, Londoño-Cruz E. A new species of the genus Acyrtus on the eastern Pacific: A cornerstone for the evolution and biogeography of the genus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1550-1560. [PMID: 34382210 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Acyrtus Schultz, 1944 currently includes four species distributed in the western Atlantic (WA), three occurring from the Bahamas to the southern Caribbean, and one endemic to the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago in north-east Brazil. We describe a new species of Acyrtus based on morphology and genetics from several individuals caught at artificial hard substrates deployed between 10 and 16 m deep at Malpelo Island, Colombian Pacific. The Malpelo clingfish, Acyrtus arturo new species, differs from all its WA congeners by a combination of morphology, meristics and genetics. This species is unique within Acyrtus in having the greatest number of caudal rays (12-13). It can also be distinguished by the greater body height (19.8-27.8% standard length), its longer disc (34.0-39.1% standard length) and the greater distance between anus and disc (13.9-18.1% standard length). A. arturo sp. nov. is the first Acyrtus so far recorded from the eastern Pacific and adds to the already high number of fishes endemic to Colombia's remote oceanic territory of Malpelo.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Tavera
- Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática, Evolución y Biogeografía Animal, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Stephania Rojas-Vélez
- Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática, Evolución y Biogeografía Animal, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Edgardo Londoño-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas Rocosos Intermareales y Submareales Someros, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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157
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Characterization of hormone-producing cell types in the teleost pituitary gland using single-cell RNA-seq. Sci Data 2021; 8:279. [PMID: 34711832 PMCID: PMC8553774 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-01058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The pituitary is the vertebrate endocrine gland responsible for the production and secretion of several essential peptide hormones. These, in turn, control many aspects of an animal’s physiology and development, including growth, reproduction, homeostasis, metabolism, and stress responses. In teleost fish, each hormone is presumably produced by a specific cell type. However, key details on the regulation of, and communication between these cell types remain to be resolved. We have therefore used single-cell sequencing to generate gene expression profiles for 2592 and 3804 individual cells from the pituitaries of female and male adult medaka (Oryzias latipes), respectively. Based on expression profile clustering, we define 15 and 16 distinct cell types in the female and male pituitary, respectively, of which ten are involved in the production of a single peptide hormone. Collectively, our data provide a high-quality reference for studies on pituitary biology and the regulation of hormone production, both in fish and in vertebrates in general. Measurement(s) | RNA-seq gene expression profiling assay | Technology Type(s) | tag based single cell RNA sequencing | Factor Type(s) | sex | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Oryzias latipes | Sample Characteristic - Environment | fresh water aquarium |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16592621
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158
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Medeiros APM, Ferreira BP, Betancur‐R R, Cardoso APLR, Matos MRSBC, Santos BA. Centenary shipwrecks reveal the limits of artificial habitats in protecting regional reef fish diversity. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline P. M. Medeiros
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal da ParaíbaCidade Universitária João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Beatrice P. Ferreira
- Departamento de Oceanografia Centro de Tecnologia Universidade Federal de PernambucoCidade Universitária Recife Brazil
| | - Ricardo Betancur‐R
- Department of Biology The University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
| | - Aiara P. L. R. Cardoso
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal da ParaíbaCidade Universitária João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Marcello R. S. B. C. Matos
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal da ParaíbaCidade Universitária João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Bráulio A. Santos
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da ParaíbaCidade Universitária João Pessoa Brazil
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159
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Abu El-Regal MA, El-Sherbiny MM, Gabr MH, Fricke R. Schindleria parva, a new species of Schindler's fish (Teleostei: Schindleriidae: Schindleria) from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1485-1491. [PMID: 34270084 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Schindleria parva, a new species of the family Schindleriidae, is described from two specimens collected from the central Red Sea of Saudi Arabia. The new species is characterized by lack of pigmentation on the body, possession of an inconspicuous gas bladder and the presence of small teeth on the premaxillae. The holotype is a female of 11 mm standard length (SL) (11.9 mm total length) and the paratype is a male of 9 mm SL. Dorsal fin rays 10 (9) anal fin rays 9 (7). The body depth at pectoral-fin origin 5% (4%) of SL, depth at anal-fin origin 8% (7%) SL, predorsal length 63% (65%) SL, preanal length 72% (72%) SL, the first anal-fin ray situated below the fourth dorsal-fin ray), a total of 23 + 16 myomeres. The female contained a series of 30 rectangular eggs in a single row, whereas the male is characterized by a short rod-like urogenital papilla. Species of the genus Schindleria are likely the smallest marine vertebrates on the planet and S. parva is likely the smallest Schindleria species in the Red Sea. The global diversity of Schindleria is likely underestimated due to the paedomorphic features of this genus. Its fast generation times make it a species-rich genus of high turnover rates, thus potentially highly important for the trophic food webs of coral reefs. Thus, this finding advances knowledge on the biodiversity of the Red Sea, highlights its conservation significance, and contributes towards the understanding of the complexity of the coral-reef fish community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abu El-Regal
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohsen M El-Sherbiny
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Gabr
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez Branch, Suez, Egypt
| | - Ronald Fricke
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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160
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Dai YS, Pei WL, Wang YY, Wang Z, Zhuo MQ. Topology, tissue distribution, and transcriptional level of SLC34s in response to Pi and pH in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1383-1393. [PMID: 34282499 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, two new SLC34 family members, named slc34a1b and slc34a2a, were isolated and characterized from grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Topology, tissue distribution, and transcriptional response to phosphorus (Pi) and pH were compared among three members of SLC34 family (slc34a1b, slc34a2a, and slc34a2b) in grass carp. The length of validated cDNAs of grass carp slc34a1b and slc34a2a was 1494 bp and 1902 bp, and these two cDNAs encoded 497 and 633 amino acid residues, respectively. The domain analysis showed that three SLC34 members of grass carp contain architecture similar to that in mammals. Moreover, the mRNA of three slc34s was widely expressed in nine tissues (heart, brain, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, gill, spleen, and skin), but at various levels. Our results revealed that 6 mM and 9 mM Pi incubation significantly reduced the mRNA expression of three slc34s in both CIK and L8824 cell lines from grass carp. The expression of slc34a1b was decreased in the CIK cells, but not in the L8824 cells after 3 mM Pi incubation. In CIK cells, 3 mM Pi incubation downregulated the expression of slc34a1b and slc34a2a, but not slc34a2b. In addition, the expression of three slc34s was significantly reduced at acidic pH in the CIK cells. Taken together, we characterized three SLC34 family members, revealed their specific distribution among different tissues, and elucidated their transcriptional responses to Pi and pH in two cell lines from grass carp. Our findings provide an insight into the physiological function of three SLC34s in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Shuang Dai
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wen-Li Pei
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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161
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Tian H, Hu Q, Lu H, Li Z. The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of One Breeding Strain of Asian Swamp Eel ( Monopterus albus, Zuiew 1793) Using PacBio and Illumina Sequencing Technologies and Phylogenetic Analysis in Synbranchiformes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101567. [PMID: 34680962 PMCID: PMC8535454 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus, Zuiew 1793) is a commercially important fish due to its nutritional value in Eastern and Southeastern Asia. One local strain of M. albus distributed in the Jianghan Plain of China has been subjected to a selection breeding program because of its preferred body color and superiority of growth and fecundity. Some members of the genus Monopterus have been reclassified into other genera recently. These classifications require further phylogenetic analyses. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of the breeds of M. albus were decoded using both PacBio and Illumina sequencing technologies, then phylogenetic analyses were carried out, including sampling of M. albus at five different sites and 14 species of Synbranchiformes with complete mitochondrial genomes. The total length of the mitogenome is 16,621 bp, which is one nucleotide shorter than that of four mitogenomes of M. albus sampled from four provinces in China, as well as one with an unknown sampling site. The gene content, gene order, and overall base compositions are almost identical to the five reported ones. The results of maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference analyses of the complete mitochondrial genome and 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) were consistent. The phylogenetic trees indicated that the selecting breed formed the deepest branch in the clade of all Asian swamp eels, confirmed the phylogenetic relationships of four genera of the family Synbranchidae, also providing systematic phylogenetic relationships for the order Synbranchiformes. The divergence time analyses showed that all Asian swamp eels diverged about 0.49 million years ago (MYA) and their common ancestor split from other species about 45.96 MYA in the middle of the Miocene epoch. Altogether, the complete mitogenome of this breed of M. albus would serve as an important dataset for germplasm identification and breeding programs for this species, in addition to providing great help in identifying the phylogenetic relationships of the order Synbranchiformes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Tian
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (H.T.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Qiaomu Hu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (H.T.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongyi Lu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (H.T.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (H.T.); (Q.H.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence:
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162
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da Silva VEL, Dolbeth M, Fabré NN. Assessing tropical coastal dynamics across habitats and seasons through different dimensions of fish diversity. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 171:105458. [PMID: 34478971 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal habitat mosaics are among the most productive ecosystems around the globe, with many ecological and social-economic services provided. Their natural challenging conditions have always been a subject of concern for ecologist and conservationist, with a particular interest in understanding how its spatial and temporal dynamics influence ecosystem functioning. In this context, we aimed to assess tropical coastal dynamics using an integrative approach, measuring the different facets of fish diversity across space (habitats) and time (seasons). Three different estuarine systems and their adjacent areas in the southwestern Atlantic were monthly sampled between July 2017 and June 2018, in a sampling design that encompassed three different coastal mosaics with three habitat types (mangroves, seagrass and sandy beaches), and both seasons of the studied region (dry and rainy). Taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity were then evaluated with equivalent diversity measures to allow comparisons between them. Different patterns of species occurrence and distribution were found between habitats and seasons, which resulted in different effects on the abundance-weighted diversity dimensions. Although taxonomic diversity of habitats was greater during the rainy season (p = 0.03), a seasonal increase in phylogenetic diversity was only observed in the sandy beach habitat (p = 0.04). In contrast for the functional diversity, no significant differences were found among habitats in both seasons (p = 0.15), indicating high levels of redundancy. Our results showed that patterns in the occurrence and abundance of tropical fish species among habitats that comprise a coastal mosaic have different effects on distinct diversity dimensions. More precisely, for tropical coastal systems with marked seasonality, both habitats and season appear to play a synergic role in the maintenance of ecosystem functioning by enhancing functional and phylogenetic redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Emmanuel Lopes da Silva
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Peixes e Pesca - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
| | - Marina Dolbeth
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research - CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nidia Noemi Fabré
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Peixes e Pesca - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
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163
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Arbour JH, Stanchak KE. The little fishes that could: smaller fishes demonstrate slow body size evolution but faster speciation in the family Percidae. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Body size affects numerous aspects of organismal biology and many factors have been invoked to explain body size distributions in a macroecological and macroevolutionary context. Body size in the freshwater fish family Percidae is strongly right-skewed (i.e. dominated by small sizes), with small body size potentially being associated with fast water habitats. We constructed a new species-level, multi-locus, time-calibrated phylogeny of Percidae, and used it to test for changes in the rate and pattern of maximum body size evolution. We also tested whether speciation rates varied as a function of body size. We found that Etheostomatinae evolved towards a smaller adaptive optimum in body size compared to the other subfamilies of Percidae, and that this shift was associated with a reduction in the rate of body size evolution. Speciation rates were associated with body size across percids, showing a peak around small to medium body size. Small body size appears to partially, but not fully, explain the diversity of small percids, as many darters fall well below the “optimum” body size. Reinforcement of selection for small body size via selection for novel morphologies or via sexual selection may help to fully explain the remarkable diversity of darter radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica H Arbour
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
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164
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Hilsdorf AWS, Uliano-Silva M, Coutinho LL, Montenegro H, Almeida-Val VMF, Pinhal D. Genome assembly and annotation of the tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum): an emblematic fish of the Amazon River Basin. GIGABYTE 2021; 2021:gigabyte29. [PMID: 36824330 PMCID: PMC9650303 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colossoma macropomum, known as "tambaqui", is the largest Characiformes fish in the Amazon River Basin and a leading species in Brazilian aquaculture and fisheries. Good quality meat and excellent adaptability to culture systems are some of its remarkable farming features. To support studies into the genetics and genomics of the tambaqui, we have produced the first high-quality genome for the species. We combined Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies to generate a reference genome, assembled with 39× coverage of long reads and polished to a consensus quality value (QV) of 36 with 130× coverage of short reads. The genome was assembled into 1269 scaffolds (a total of 1,221,847,006 bases), with a scaffold N50 size of 40 Mb, where 93% of all assembled bases were placed in the largest 54 scaffolds corresponding to the diploid karyotype of the tambaqui. Furthermore, the NCBI Annotation Pipeline annotated genes, pseudogenes, and non-coding transcripts using the RefSeq database as evidence, guaranteeing a high-quality annotation. A Genome Data Viewer for the tambaqui was produced, which will benefit groups interested in exploring the unique genomic features of the species. The availability of a highly accurate genome assembly for tambaqui provides the foundation for the discovery of novel ecological and evolutionary insights, and is a helpful resource for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Animal Science Department, University of São Paulo (USP)/Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Horácio Montenegro
- Animal Science Department, University of São Paulo (USP)/Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Fonseca Almeida-Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Danillo Pinhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
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165
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Pastana MNL, Johnson GD, Datovo A. Comprehensive phenotypic phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of stromateiform fishes (Teleostei: Percomorphacea). Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
More than half the ray-finned fishes and about one-quarter of all living vertebrates belong to Percomorphacea. Among its 30 orders, Stromateiformes encompass 77 species in 16 genera and six families. Stromateiform monophyly has never been tested using morphology, and it has been rejected by molecular analyses. This comprehensive revision of Stromateiformes includes all its valid genera of all percomorph families previously aligned with the order. We sampled 207 phenotypic characters in 66 terminal taxa representing 14 orders and 46 acanthopterygian families. This dataset significantly surpasses all previous phenotype-based phylogenies of Stromateiformes, which analysed only a fraction of these characters. Stromateiformes is recovered as monophyletic, supported by eight unequivocal synapomorphies. Amarsipidae is the sister group of all other Stromateiformes (= Stromateoidei). Centrolophidae is paraphyletic, with three of its genera allocated into an early-diverging clade and the other four appearing as successive sister groups to a lineage containing the remaining stromateiforms. All other stromateoid families are monophyletic, with the following cladistic arrangement: (Nomeidae (Stromateidae (Tetragonuridae, Ariommatidae))). Our analysis convincingly refutes recent molecular phylogenetic interpretations that fail to recover a monophyletic Stromateiformes. These findings call into question large-scale conclusions of percomorph relationships and trait evolution based solely on molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo N L Pastana
- Division of Fishes, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - G David Johnson
- Division of Fishes, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aléssio Datovo
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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166
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Lupše N, Cortesi F, Freese M, Marohn L, Pohlman JD, Wysujack K, Hanel R, Musilova Z. Visual gene expression reveals a cone to rod developmental progression in deep-sea fishes. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5664-5677. [PMID: 34562090 PMCID: PMC8662630 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates use cone cells in the retina for colour vision and rod cells to see in dim light. Many deep-sea fishes have adapted to their environment to have only rod cells in the retina, while both rod and cone genes are still preserved in their genomes. As deep-sea fish larvae start their lives in the shallow, and only later submerge to the depth, they have to cope with diverse environmental conditions during ontogeny. Using a comparative transcriptomic approach in 20 deep-sea fish species from eight teleost orders, we report on a developmental cone-to-rod switch. While adults mostly rely on rod opsin (RH1) for vision in dim light, larvae almost exclusively express middle-wavelength-sensitive ("green") cone opsins (RH2) in their retinas. The phototransduction cascade genes follow a similar ontogenetic pattern of cone- followed by rod-specific gene expression in most species, except for the pearleye and sabretooth (Aulopiformes), in which the cone cascade remains dominant throughout development. By inspecting the whole genomes of five deep-sea species (four of them sequenced within this study: Idiacanthus fasciola, Chauliodus sloani; Stomiiformes; Coccorella atlantica, and Scopelarchus michaelsarsi; Aulopiformes), we found that deep-sea fish possess one or two copies of the rod RH1 opsin gene, and up to seven copies of the cone RH2 opsin genes in their genomes, while other cone opsin classes have been mostly lost. Our findings hence provide molecular evidence for a limited opsin gene repertoire and a conserved vertebrate pattern whereby cone photoreceptors develop first and rod photoreceptors are added only at later developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Lupše
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fabio Cortesi
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072 QLD, Australia
| | - Marko Freese
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lasse Marohn
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jan-Dag Pohlman
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Klaus Wysujack
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Reinhold Hanel
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Zuzana Musilova
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic
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167
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López JM, Jiménez S, Morona R, Lozano D, Moreno N. Analysis of Islet-1, Nkx2.1, Pax6, and Orthopedia in the forebrain of the sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus identifies conserved prosomeric characteristics. J Comp Neurol 2021; 530:834-855. [PMID: 34547112 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The distribution patterns of a set of conserved brain developmental regulatory transcription factors were analyzed in the forebrain of the basal actinopterygian fish Acipenser ruthenus, consistent with the prosomeric model. In the telencephalon, the pallium was characterized by ventricular expression of Pax6. In the subpallium, the combined expression of Nkx2.1/Islet-1 (Isl1) allowed to propose ventral and dorsal areas, as the septo-pallidal (Nkx2.1/Isl1+) and striatal derivatives (Isl1+), respectively, and a dorsal portion of the striatal derivatives, ventricularly rich in Pax6 and devoid of Isl1 expression. Dispersed Orthopedia (Otp) cells were found in the supracommissural and posterior nuclei of the ventral telencephalon, related to the medial portion of the amygdaloid complex. The preoptic area was identified by the Nkx2.1/Isl1 expression. In the alar hypothalamus, an Otp-expressing territory, lacking Nkx2.1/Isl1, was identified as the paraventricular domain. The adjacent subparaventricular domain (Spa) was subdivided in a rostral territory expressing Nkx2.1 and an Isl1+ caudal one. In the basal hypothalamus, the tuberal region was defined by the Nkx2.1/Isl1 expression and a rostral Otp-expressing domain was identified. Moreover, the Otp/Nkx2.1 combination showed an additional zone lacking Isl1, tentatively identified as the mamillary area. In the diencephalon, both Pax6 and Isl1 defined the prethalamic domain, and within the basal prosomere 3, scattered Pax6- and Isl1-expressing cells were observed in the posterior tubercle. Finally, a small group of Pax6 cells was observed in the pretectal area. These results improve the understanding of the forebrain evolution and demonstrate that its basic bauplan is present very early in the vertebrate lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M López
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Jiménez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Morona
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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168
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Atta CJ, Yuan H, Li C, Arcila D, Betancur-R R, Hughes LC, Ortí G, Tornabene L. Exon-capture data and locus screening provide new insights into the phylogeny of flatfishes (Pleuronectoidei). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 166:107315. [PMID: 34537325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an extensive collection of literature on the taxonomy and phylogenetics of flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) that extends over two centuries, but consensus on many of their evolutionary relationships remains elusive. Phylogenetic uncertainty stems from highly divergent results derived from morphological and genetic characters, and between various molecular datasets. Deciphering relationships is complicated by rapid diversification early in the Pleuronectiformes tree and an abundance of studies that incompletely and inconsistently sample taxa and genetic markers. We present phylogenies based on a genome-wide dataset (4,434 nuclear markers via exon-capture) and wide taxon sampling (86 species spanning 12 of 16 families) of the largest flatfish suborder (Pleuronectoidei). Nine different subsets of the data and two tree construction approaches (eighteen phylogenies in total) are remarkably consistent with other recent molecular phylogenies, and show strong support for the monophyly of all families included except Pleuronectidae. Analyses resolved a novel phylogenetic hypothesis for the family Rhombosoleidae as being within the Pleuronectoidea rather than the Soleoidea, and failed to support the subfamily Hippoglossinae as a monophyletic group. Our results were corroborated with evidence from previous phylogenetic studies to outline regions of persistent phylogenetic uncertainty and identify groups in need of further phylogenetic inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calder J Atta
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, USA.
| | - Hao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Dahiana Arcila
- Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA; Department of Biology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Ricardo Betancur-R
- Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA; Department of Biology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Lily C Hughes
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Guillermo Ortí
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Luke Tornabene
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, USA
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169
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Holosteans contextualize the role of the teleost genome duplication in promoting the rise of evolutionary novelties in the ray-finned fish innate immune system. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:479-497. [PMID: 34510270 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Over 99% of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) are teleosts, a clade that comprises half of all living vertebrate species that have diversified across virtually all fresh and saltwater ecosystems. This ecological breadth raises the question of how the immunogenetic diversity required to persist under heterogeneous pathogen pressures evolved. The teleost genome duplication (TGD) has been hypothesized as the evolutionary event that provided the substrate for rapid genomic evolution and innovation. However, studies of putative teleost-specific innate immune receptors have been largely limited to comparisons either among teleosts or between teleosts and distantly related vertebrate clades such as tetrapods. Here we describe and characterize the receptor diversity of two clustered innate immune gene families in the teleost sister lineage: Holostei (bowfin and gars). Using genomic and transcriptomic data, we provide a detailed investigation of the phylogenetic history and conserved synteny of gene clusters encoding diverse immunoglobulin domain-containing proteins (DICPs) and novel immune-type receptors (NITRs). These data demonstrate an ancient linkage of DICPs to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and reveal an evolutionary origin of NITR variable-joining (VJ) exons that predate the TGD by at least 50 million years. Further characterizing the receptor diversity of Holostean DICPs and NITRs illuminates a sequence diversity that rivals the diversity of these innate immune receptor families in many teleosts. Taken together, our findings provide important historical context for the evolution of these gene families that challenge prevailing expectations concerning the consequences of the TGD during actinopterygiian evolution.
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170
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Sember A, Nguyen P, Perez MF, Altmanová M, Ráb P, Cioffi MDB. Multiple sex chromosomes in teleost fishes from a cytogenetic perspective: state of the art and future challenges. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200098. [PMID: 34304595 PMCID: PMC8310710 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of cytogenetic and genomic research of dynamic sex chromosome evolution in teleost fishes, multiple sex chromosomes have been largely neglected. In this review, we compiled available data on teleost multiple sex chromosomes, identified major trends in their evolution and suggest further trajectories in their investigation. In a compiled dataset of 440 verified records of fish sex chromosomes, we counted 75 multiple sex chromosome systems with 60 estimated independent origins. We showed that male-heterogametic systems created by Y-autosome fusion predominate and that multiple sex chromosomes are over-represented in the order Perciformes. We documented a striking difference in patterns of differentiation of sex chromosomes between male and female heterogamety and hypothesize that faster W sex chromosome differentiation may constrain sex chromosome turnover in female-heterogametic systems. We also found no significant association between the mechanism of multiple sex chromosome formation and percentage of uni-armed chromosomes in teleost karyotypes. Last but not least, we hypothesized that interaction between fish populations, which differ in their sex chromosomes, can drive the evolution of multiple sex chromosomes in fishes. This underlines the importance of broader inter-population sampling in studies of fish sex chromosomes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part II)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Sember
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Manolo F. Perez
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz km 235 cep, 13565-905, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marie Altmanová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ráb
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz km 235 cep, 13565-905, São Carlos, Brazil
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171
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Araya-Jaime C, Palma-Rojas C, Lam N, Von Brand E. Cytogenetics from the Dock: A New Postmortem Protocol Makes It Possible to Obtain Cytogenetic Preparations from Marine Fish. Zebrafish 2021; 18:326-329. [PMID: 34491117 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2021.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic studies in marine fish are scarce, and elemental cytogenetic information is available for not >2% of the species. Traditional cytogenetic methods require living individuals for their application, making the analysis of marine ichthyofauna very difficult. In this study, we present a detailed new protocol to obtain cytogenetic preparations from marine fish, through access to specimens in postmortem condition. The application of this protocol made it possible to access elemental cytogenetic information (diploid number) in six native species of the South Pacific Ocean, representative of five orders. In this way, we provide a new low-cost methodological tool for focused or large-scale cytogenetic analysis, both in economically important, native, or threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Araya-Jaime
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile.,Laboratorio de Genética y Citogenética Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Claudio Palma-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Genética y Citogenética Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Natalia Lam
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisabeth Von Brand
- Departamento de Biología Marina Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte Sede Coquimbo, Coquimbo, Chile
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172
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Irving K, Wellenreuther M, Ritchie PA. Description of the growth hormone gene of the Australasian snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, and associated intra- and interspecific genetic variation. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1060-1070. [PMID: 34036582 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The growth hormone (GH) gene of the marine teleost, the Australasian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus), was identified and characterized from the reference genome showing it was approximately 5577 bp in length and consisted of six exons and five introns. Large polymorphic repeat regions were found in the first and third introns, and putative transcription factor binding sites were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the GH genes of perciform fish showed largely conserved coding regions and highly variable noncoding regions among species. Despite some exon sequence variation and an amino acid deletion identified between C. auratus and its sister species Chrysophrys/Pagrus major, the amino acid sequences and putative secondary structures were largely conserved across the Sparidae. A population-level assessment of 99 samples caught at five separate coastal locations in New Zealand revealed six variable alleles at the intron 1 site of the C. auratus GH gene. A population genetic analysis suggested that C. auratus from the five sample locations were largely panmictic, with no evidence for departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and have a high level of heterozygosity. Overall these results suggest that the GH gene is largely conserved across the coding regions, but some variability could be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Irving
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Maren Wellenreuther
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nelson, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter A Ritchie
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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173
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Wu B, Feng C, Zhu C, Xu W, Yuan Y, Hu M, Yuan K, Li Y, Ren Y, Zhou Y, Jiang H, Qiu Q, Wang W, He S, Wang K. The Genomes of Two Billfishes Provide Insights into the Evolution of Endothermy in Teleosts. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:2413-2427. [PMID: 33533895 PMCID: PMC8136490 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothermy is a typical convergent phenomenon which has evolved independently at least eight times in vertebrates, and is of significant advantage to organisms in extending their niches. However, how vertebrates other than mammals or birds, especially teleosts, achieve endothermy has not previously been fully understood. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of two billfishes (swordfish and sailfish), members of a representative lineage of endothermic teleosts. Convergent amino acid replacements were observed in proteins related to heat production and the visual system in two endothermic teleost lineages, billfishes and tunas. The billfish-specific genetic innovations were found to be associated with heat exchange, thermoregulation, and the specialized morphology, including elongated bill, enlarged dorsal fin in sailfish and loss of the pelvic fin in swordfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wu
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenguang Feng
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenglong Zhu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingliang Hu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yandong Ren
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Qiu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shunping He
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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174
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Charlesworth D, Bergero R, Graham C, Gardner J, Keegan K. How did the guppy Y chromosome evolve? PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009704. [PMID: 34370728 PMCID: PMC8376059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The sex chromosome pairs of many species do not undergo genetic recombination, unlike the autosomes. It has been proposed that the suppressed recombination results from natural selection favouring close linkage between sex-determining genes and mutations on this chromosome with advantages in one sex, but disadvantages in the other (these are called sexually antagonistic mutations). No example of such selection leading to suppressed recombination has been described, but populations of the guppy display sexually antagonistic mutations (affecting male coloration), and would be expected to evolve suppressed recombination. In extant close relatives of the guppy, the Y chromosomes have suppressed recombination, and have lost all the genes present on the X (this is called genetic degeneration). However, the guppy Y occasionally recombines with its X, despite carrying sexually antagonistic mutations. We describe evidence that a new Y evolved recently in the guppy, from an X chromosome like that in these relatives, replacing the old, degenerated Y, and explaining why the guppy pair still recombine. The male coloration factors probably arose after the new Y evolved, and have already evolved expression that is confined to males, a different way to avoid the conflict between the sexes. We report new findings concerning the long-studied the guppy XY pair, which has remained somewhat mystifying. We show that it can be understood as a case of a recent sex chromosome turnover event in which an older, highly degenerated Y chromosome was lost, and creation of a new sex chromosome from the ancestral X. This chromosome acquired a male-determining factor, possibly by a mutation in (or a duplication of) a previously X-linked gene, or (less likely) by movement of an ancestral Y-linked maleness factor onto the X. We relate the findings to theoretical models of such events, and argue that the proposed change was free from factors thought to impede such turnovers. The change resulted in the intriguing situation where the X chromosome is old and the Y is much younger, and we discuss some other species where a similar change seems likely to have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Charlesworth
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberta Bergero
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chay Graham
- University of Cambridge, Department of Biochemistry, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Gardner
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Keegan
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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175
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Musilova Z, Salzburger W, Cortesi F. The Visual Opsin Gene Repertoires of Teleost Fishes: Evolution, Ecology, and Function. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2021; 37:441-468. [PMID: 34351785 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120219-024915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Visual opsin genes expressed in the rod and cone photoreceptor cells of the retina are core components of the visual sensory system of vertebrates. Here, we provide an overview of the dynamic evolution of visual opsin genes in the most species-rich group of vertebrates, teleost fishes. The examination of the rich genomic resources now available for this group reveals that fish genomes contain more copies of visual opsin genes than are present in the genomes of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The expansion of opsin genes in fishes is due primarily to a combination of ancestral and lineage-specific gene duplications. Following their duplication, the visual opsin genes of fishes repeatedly diversified at the same key spectral-tuning sites, generating arrays of visual pigments sensitive from the ultraviolet to the red spectrum of the light. Species-specific opsin gene repertoires correlate strongly with underwater light habitats, ecology, and color-based sexual selection. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 37 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Musilova
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Prague 128 44, Czech Republic;
| | | | - Fabio Cortesi
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia;
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176
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Arbuckle K, Harris RJ. Radiating pain: venom has contributed to the diversification of the largest radiations of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:150. [PMID: 34344322 PMCID: PMC8336261 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01880-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding drivers of animal biodiversity has been a longstanding aim in evolutionary biology. Insects and fishes represent the largest lineages of invertebrates and vertebrates respectively, and consequently many ideas have been proposed to explain this diversity. Natural enemy interactions are often important in diversification dynamics, and key traits that mediate such interactions may therefore have an important role in explaining organismal diversity. Venom is one such trait which is intricately bound in antagonistic coevolution and has recently been shown to be associated with increased diversification rates in tetrapods. Despite ~ 10% of fish families and ~ 16% of insect families containing venomous species, the role that venom may play in these two superradiations remains unknown. Results In this paper we take a broad family-level phylogenetic perspective and show that variation in diversification rates are the main cause of variations in species richness in both insects and fishes, and that venomous families have diversification rates twice as high as non-venomous families. Furthermore, we estimate that venom was present in ~ 10% and ~ 14% of the evolutionary history of fishes and insects respectively. Conclusions Consequently, we provide evidence that venom has played a role in generating the remarkable diversity in the largest vertebrate and invertebrate radiations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01880-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Arbuckle
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Richard J Harris
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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177
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Nakamoto M, Uchino T, Koshimizu E, Kuchiishi Y, Sekiguchi R, Wang L, Sudo R, Endo M, Guiguen Y, Schartl M, Postlethwait JH, Sakamoto T. A Y-linked anti-Müllerian hormone type-II receptor is the sex-determining gene in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009705. [PMID: 34437539 PMCID: PMC8389408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplication and genome compaction are thought to have played important roles in teleost fish evolution. Ayu (or sweetfish), Plecoglossus altivelis, belongs to the superorder Stomiati, order Osmeriformes. Stomiati is phylogenetically classified as sister taxa of Neoteleostei. Thus, ayu holds an important position in the fish tree of life. Although ayu is economically important for the food industry and recreational fishing in Japan, few genomic resources are available for this species. To address this problem, we produced a draft genome sequence of ayu by whole-genome shotgun sequencing and constructed linkage maps using a genotyping-by-sequencing approach. Syntenic analyses of ayu and other teleost fish provided information about chromosomal rearrangements during the divergence of Stomiati, Protacanthopterygii and Neoteleostei. The size of the ayu genome indicates that genome compaction occurred after the divergence of the family Osmeridae. Ayu has an XX/XY sex-determination system for which we identified sex-associated loci by a genome-wide association study by genotyping-by-sequencing and whole-genome resequencing using wild populations. Genome-wide association mapping using wild ayu populations revealed three sex-linked scaffolds (total, 2.03 Mb). Comparison of whole-genome resequencing mapping coverage between males and females identified male-specific regions in sex-linked scaffolds. A duplicate copy of the anti-Müllerian hormone type-II receptor gene (amhr2bY) was found within these male-specific regions, distinct from the autosomal copy of amhr2. Expression of the Y-linked amhr2 gene was male-specific in sox9b-positive somatic cells surrounding germ cells in undifferentiated gonads, whereas autosomal amhr2 transcripts were detected in somatic cells in sexually undifferentiated gonads of both genetic males and females. Loss-of-function mutation for amhr2bY induced male to female sex reversal. Taken together with the known role of Amh and Amhr2 in sex differentiation, these results indicate that the paralog of amhr2 on the ayu Y chromosome determines genetic sex, and the male-specific amh-amhr2 pathway is critical for testicular differentiation in ayu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakamoto
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Uchino
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Koshimizu
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yudai Kuchiishi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Sekiguchi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liu Wang
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Sudo
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Endo
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Manfred Schartl
- University of Wuerzburg, Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, United States of America
| | - John H. Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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178
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Harvey VL, Keating JN, Buckley M. Phylogenetic analyses of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) using collagen type I protein sequences. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201955. [PMID: 34430038 PMCID: PMC8355665 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) are the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, comprising over half of all living vertebrate species. Phylogenetic relationships between ray-finned fishes have historically pivoted on the study of morphology, which has notoriously failed to resolve higher order relationships, such as within the percomorphs. More recently, comprehensive genomic analyses have provided further resolution of actinopterygian phylogeny, including higher order relationships. Such analyses are rightfully regarded as the 'gold standard' for phylogenetics. However, DNA retrieval requires modern or well-preserved tissue and is less likely to be preserved in archaeological or fossil specimens. By contrast, some proteins, such as collagen, are phylogenetically informative and can survive into deep time. Here, we test the utility of collagen type I amino acid sequences for phylogenetic estimation of ray-finned fishes. We estimate topology using Bayesian approaches and compare the congruence of our estimated trees with published genomic phylogenies. Furthermore, we apply a Bayesian molecular clock approach and compare estimated divergence dates with previously published genomic clock analyses. Our collagen-derived trees exhibit 77% of node positions as congruent with recent genomic-derived trees, with the majority of discrepancies occurring in higher order node positions, almost exclusively within the Percomorpha. Our molecular clock trees present divergence times that are fairly comparable with genomic-based phylogenetic analyses. We estimate the mean node age of Actinopteri at ∼293 million years (Ma), the base of Teleostei at ∼211 Ma and the radiation of percomorphs beginning at ∼141 Ma (∼350 Ma, ∼250-283 Ma and ∼120-133 Ma in genomic trees, respectively). Finally, we show that the average rate of collagen (I) sequence evolution is 0.9 amino acid substitutions for every million years of divergence, with the α3 (I) sequence evolving the fastest, followed by the α2 (I) chain. This is the quickest rate known for any vertebrate group. We demonstrate that phylogenetic analyses using collagen type I amino acid sequences generate tangible signals for actinopterygians that are highly congruent with recent genomic-level studies. However, there is limited congruence within percomorphs, perhaps due to clade-specific functional constraints acting upon collagen sequences. Our results provide important insights for future phylogenetic analyses incorporating extinct actinopterygian species via collagen (I) sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L. Harvey
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Joseph N. Keating
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Michael Buckley
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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179
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da Silva SAS, de Lima-Filho PA, da Motta-Neto CC, da Costa GWWF, Cioffi MDB, Bertollo LAC, Molina WF. High chromosomal evolutionary dynamics in sleeper gobies (Eleotridae) and notes on disruptive biological factors in Gobiiformes karyotypes (Osteichthyes, Teleostei). MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:293-302. [PMID: 37073290 PMCID: PMC10077260 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The order Gobiiformes is made up of more than 2200 species, representing one of the most diverse groups among teleost fishes. The biological causes for the tachytelic karyotype evolution of the gobies have not yet been fully studied. Here we expanded cytogenetic data for the Eleotridae family, analyzing the neotropical species Dormitator maculatus, Eleotris pisonis, Erotelis smaragdus, and Guavina guavina. In addition, a meta-analytical approach was followed for elucidating the karyotype diversification versus biological aspects (habitat and egg type) of the Gobiiformes. The species E. smaragdus and E. pisonis present 2n = 46 acrocentric chromosomes (NF = 46), D. maculatus 2n = 46 (36sm + 4st + 6a; NF = 86), and G. guavina, the most divergent karyotype, with 2n = 52 acrocentric chromosomes (NF = 52). Besides numeric and structural diversification in the karyotypes, the mapping of rDNAs and microsatellites also showed noticeable numerical and positional variation, supporting the high chromosomal evolutionary dynamism of these species. In Gobiiformes, karyotype patterns which are more divergent from the basal karyotype (2n = 46a) are associated with characteristics less effective to dispersion, such as the benthic habit. These adaptive characteristics, connected with the organization of the repetitive DNA content in the chromosomes, likely play a synergistic role in the remarkable karyotype diversification of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simião Alefe Soares da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59.078-970 Brazil
| | | | - Clóvis Coutinho da Motta-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59.078-970 Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905 Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Carlos Bertollo
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905 Brazil
| | - Wagner Franco Molina
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59.078-970 Brazil
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180
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Hirasawa T, Cupello C, Brito PM, Yabumoto Y, Isogai S, Hoshino M, Uesugi K. Development of the Pectoral Lobed Fin in the Australian Lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.679633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary transition from paired fins to limbs involved the establishment of a set of limb muscles as an evolutionary novelty. In parallel, there was a change in the topography of the spinal nerves innervating appendicular muscles, so that distinct plexuses were formed at the bases of limbs. However, the key developmental changes that brought about this evolutionary novelty have remained elusive due to a lack of data on the development of lobed fins in sarcopterygian fishes. Here, we observed the development of the pectoral fin in the Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri (Sarcopterygii) through synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography. Neoceratodus forsteri is a key taxon for understanding the fin-to-limb transition due to its close phylogenetic relationships to tetrapods and well-developed lobed fins. At the onset of the fin bud in N. forsteri, there is no mesenchyme at the junction between the axial body wall and the fin bud, which corresponds to the embryonic position of the brachial plexus formed in the mesenchyme in tetrapods. Later, concurrent with the cartilage formation in the fin skeleton, the fin adductor and abductor muscles become differentiated within the surface ectoderm of the fin bud. Subsequently, the girdle muscle, which is homologous to the tetrapod serratus muscle, newly develops at the junction between the axial body wall and the fin. Our study suggests that the acquisition of embryonic mesenchyme at the junction between the axial body wall and the appendicular bud opened the door to the formation of the brachial plexus and the specialization of individual muscles in the lineage that gave rise to tetrapods.
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181
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Matsumoto Y, Oda S, Mitani H, Kawamura S. Orthologous Divergence and Paralogous Anticonvergence in Molecular Evolution of Triplicated Green Opsin Genes in Medaka Fish, Genus Oryzias. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 12:911-923. [PMID: 32467976 PMCID: PMC7337190 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene duplication of green (RH2) opsin genes and their spectral differentiation are well documented in many teleost fish. However, their evolutionary divergence or conservation patterns among phylogenetically close but ecologically diverse species is not well explored. Medaka fish (genus Oryzias) are broadly distributed in fresh and brackish waters of Asia, with many species being laboratory-housed and feasible for genetic studies. We previously showed that a Japan strain (HNI) of medaka (Oryzias latipes) possessed three RH2 opsin genes (RH2-A, RH2-B, and RH2-C) encoding spectrally divergent photopigments. Here, we examined the three RH2 opsin genes from six Oryzias species representing three species groups: the latipes, the celebensis, and the javanicus. Photopigment reconstitution revealed that the peak absorption spectra (λmax) of RH2-A were divergent among the species (447–469 nm), whereas those of RH2-B and RH2-C were conservative (516–519 and 486–493 nm, respectively). For the RH2-A opsins, the largest spectral shift was detected in the phylogenetic branch leading to the latipes group. A single amino acid replacement T94C explained most of the spectral shift. For RH2-B and -C opsins, we detected tracts of gene conversion between the two genes homogenizing them. Nevertheless, several amino acid differences were maintained. We showed that the spectral difference between the two opsins was attributed to largely the E/Q amino acid difference at the site 122 and to several sites with individually small spectral effects. These results depict dynamism of spectral divergence of orthologous and paralogous green opsin genes in phylogenetically close but ecologically diverse species exemplified by medaka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Matsumoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoji Oda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoji Kawamura
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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182
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Ailán-Choke LG, Pereira FB. Deep in the systematics of Camallanidae (Nematoda): using integrative taxonomy to better understand the phylogeny and consistency of diagnostic traits. Parasitology 2021; 148:962-974. [PMID: 33934728 PMCID: PMC11010166 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Due to conflicts between classic and molecular systematics of Camallanidae, different data types were used for the first time, to better understand the evolutionary history and taxa consistency within this family. Genetic [18S and 28S rDNA; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mtDNA], morphological and life history traits were used to infer phylogenies using Bayesian inference, reconstructed from separated and concatenated datasets. The consistency of tree and morphological traits was evaluated using the consistency index. Characters were mapped on the trees and the phylogenetic informativeness of genetic markers was estimated. Phylogenetic informativeness of 18S provided better resolution for outer nodes, COI for inners and 28S had an intermediate profile. New sequences for two camallanid species were obtained. Phylogenies of genetic and concatenated data largely agreed, showing more divergence in the COI dataset, due to its higher mutation rate vs stable morphology for diagnosing higher taxa. No genus sustained monophyly. The lack of autapomorphy and phylogenetic proximity supported the partition of Batrachocamallanus as synonym of Procamallanus and Spirocamallanus, which should not be considered as subgenera. Although traits of buccal capsule, male tail, habitat, host and biogeographic were highly consistent, intrinsic patterns varied according to different taxa assemblages. Morphological systematics of Camallanidae, based on buccal capsule, is artificial for certain taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena G. Ailán-Choke
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400 Salta, Argentina
| | - Felipe B. Pereira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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183
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Kálmán M, Matuz V, Sebők OM, Lőrincz D. Evolutionary Modifications Are Moderate in the Astroglial System of Actinopterygii as Revealed by GFAP Immunohistochemistry. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:698459. [PMID: 34267629 PMCID: PMC8276248 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.698459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper is the first comparative study on the astroglia of several actinopterygian species at different phylogenetical positions, teleosts (16 species), and non-teleosts (3 species), based on the immunohistochemical staining of GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), the characteristic cytoskeletal intermediary filament protein, and immunohistochemical marker of astroglia. The question was, how the astroglial architecture reflexes the high diversity of this largest vertebrate group. The actinopterygian telencephalon has a so-called ‘eversive’ development in contrast to the ‘evagination’ found in sarcopterygii (including tetrapods). Several brain parts either have no equivalents in tetrapod vertebrates (e.g., torus longitudinalis, lobus inferior, lobus nervi vagi), or have rather different shapes (e.g., the cerebellum). GFAP was visualized applying DAKO polyclonal anti-GFAP serum. The study was focused mainly on the telencephalon (eversion), tectum (visual orientation), and cerebellum (motor coordination) where the evolutionary changes were most expected, but the other areas were also investigated. The predominant astroglial elements were tanycytes (long, thin, fiber-like cells). In the teleost telencephala a ‘fan-shape’ re-arrangement of radial glia reflects the eversion. In bichir, starlet, and gar, in which the eversion is less pronounced, the ‘fan-shape’ re-arrangement did not form. In the tectum the radial glial processes were immunostained, but in Ostariophysi and Euteleostei it did not extend into their deep segments. In the cerebellum Bergmann-like glia was found in each group, including non-teleosts, except for Cyprinidae. The vagal lobe was uniquely enlarged and layered in Cyprininae, and had a corresponding layered astroglial system, which left almost free of GFAP the zones of sensory and motor neurons. In conclusion, despite the diversity and evolutionary alterations of Actinopterygii brains, the diversity of the astroglial architecture is moderate. In contrast to Chondrichthyes and Amniotes; in Actinopterygii true astrocytes (stellate-shaped extraependymal cells) did not appear during evolution, and the expansion of GFAP-free areas was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Kálmán
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanessza Matuz
- Department of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olivér M Sebők
- Department of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Lőrincz
- Department of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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184
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Killingbeck EE, Wilburn DB, Merrihew GE, MacCoss MJ, Swanson WJ. Proteomics support the threespine stickleback egg coat as a protective oocyte envelope. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:500-515. [PMID: 34148267 PMCID: PMC8362008 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ancestrally marine threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have undergone an adaptive radiation into freshwater environments throughout the Northern Hemisphere, creating an excellent model system for studying molecular adaptation and speciation. Ecological and behavioral factors have been suggested to underlie stickleback reproductive isolation and incipient speciation, but reproductive proteins mediating gamete recognition during fertilization have so far remained unexplored. To begin to investigate the contribution of reproductive proteins to stickleback reproductive isolation, we have characterized the stickleback egg coat proteome. We find that stickleback egg coats are comprised of homologs to the zona pellucida (ZP) proteins ZP1 and ZP3, as in other teleost fish. Our molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that across teleosts, ZP3 but not ZP1 has experienced positive Darwinian selection. Mammalian ZP3 is also rapidly evolving, and surprisingly some residues under selection in stickleback and mammalian ZP3 directly align. Despite broad homology, however, we find differences between mammalian and stickleback ZP proteins with respect to glycosylation, disulfide bonding, and sites of synthesis. Taken together, the changes we observe in stickleback ZP protein architecture suggest that the egg coats of stickleback fish, and perhaps fish more generally, have evolved to fulfill a more protective functional role than their mammalian counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Killingbeck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Damien B Wilburn
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gennifer E Merrihew
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael J MacCoss
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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185
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Breton TS, Sampson WGB, Clifford B, Phaneuf AM, Smidt I, True T, Wilcox AR, Lipscomb T, Murray C, DiMaggio MA. Characterization of the G protein-coupled receptor family SREB across fish evolution. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12066. [PMID: 34103644 PMCID: PMC8187511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SREB (Super-conserved Receptors Expressed in Brain) family of G protein-coupled receptors is highly conserved across vertebrates and consists of three members: SREB1 (orphan receptor GPR27), SREB2 (GPR85), and SREB3 (GPR173). Ligands for these receptors are largely unknown or only recently identified, and functions for all three are still beginning to be understood, including roles in glucose homeostasis, neurogenesis, and hypothalamic control of reproduction. In addition to the brain, all three are expressed in gonads, but relatively few studies have focused on this, especially in non-mammalian models or in an integrated approach across the entire receptor family. The purpose of this study was to more fully characterize sreb genes in fish, using comparative genomics and gonadal expression analyses in five diverse ray-finned (Actinopterygii) species across evolution. Several unique characteristics were identified in fish, including: (1) a novel, fourth euteleost-specific gene (sreb3b or gpr173b) that likely emerged from a copy of sreb3 in a separate event after the teleost whole genome duplication, (2) sreb3a gene loss in Order Cyprinodontiformes, and (3) expression differences between a gar species and teleosts. Overall, gonadal patterns suggested an important role for all sreb genes in teleost testicular development, while gar were characterized by greater ovarian expression that may reflect similar roles to mammals. The novel sreb3b gene was also characterized by several unique features, including divergent but highly conserved amino acid positions, and elevated brain expression in puffer (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis) that more closely matched sreb2, not sreb3a. These results demonstrate that SREBs may differ among vertebrates in genomic structure and function, and more research is needed to better understand these roles in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Breton
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA.
| | - William G B Sampson
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Benjamin Clifford
- Science Department, Southern Maine Community College, South Portland, ME, USA
| | - Anyssa M Phaneuf
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Ilze Smidt
- Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, USA
| | - Tamera True
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Andrew R Wilcox
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Taylor Lipscomb
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA.,Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Shasta Lake, CA, USA
| | - Casey Murray
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA
| | - Matthew A DiMaggio
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA
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186
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Bicentenariella n. g. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) including descriptions of three new species and two new combinations from serranid fishes (Actinopterygii: Serranidae: Anthiinae) in the South American Pacific Ocean. Syst Parasitol 2021; 98:357-367. [PMID: 34086169 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-021-09983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bicentenariella n. g. is proposed to accommodate three new species of dactylogyrid monogeneans found on the gills of the threadfin bass Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill (Perciformes: Serranidae) from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru: Bicentenariella claudiae n. sp. (type-species), B. sinuosa n. sp. and B. puertopizarroensis n. sp. Bicentenariella n. g. is mainly characterised by possessing a broadly X-shaped dorsal bar, which has the anterior arms longer than posterior ones and by having a ventral bar with two medial projections. Bicentenariella n. g. is also characterised by having: (i) anchors equal, each with elongate superficial root and short deep root; (ii) an haptor with bilaterally paired lobes, lacking haptoral reservoirs; (iii) hooks with protruded obtuse thumb and undilated shank; (iv) a tubular tapered-shaped male copulatory organ with basal flap bifurcated or not (MCO), lacking accessory piece; (v) a delicate membrane associated with the shaft of the MCO present or absent; (vi) a muscular trumpet-shaped vagina, vaginal aperture dextrolateral; (vii) eyespots absent, accessory chromatic granules present; and (viii) a not lobulated testis. Bicentenariella claudiae n. sp. is characterised by having a MCO with whip-shaped distal end and a rod-shaped ventral bar with hatchet-shaped lateral ends. Bicentenariella sinuosa n. sp. is typified by possessing a MCO with an irregular filamentous membrane surrounding its shaft and a dumbbell-shaped ventral bar. Bicentenariella puertopizarroensis n. sp. can be differentiated from its congeners by having a tubular-shaped MCO with twisted distal end and a narrow W-shaped ventral bar. Parancylodiscoides peruensis Cruces, Chero, Sáez & Luque, 2017 from Hemanthias peruanus (Steindachner) and P. signiferi Cruces, Chero, Sáez & Luque, 2017 from H. signifer (Garman), are transferred to Bicentenariella n. g. as B. peruensis n. comb and B. signiferi n. comb., respectively.
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187
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Martinez CM, Friedman ST, Corn KA, Larouche O, Price SA, Wainwright PC. The deep sea is a hot spot of fish body shape evolution. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1788-1799. [PMID: 34058793 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deep-sea fishes have long captured our imagination with striking adaptations to life in the mysterious abyss, raising the possibility that this cold, dark ocean region may be a key hub for physiological and functional diversification. We explore this idea through an analysis of body shape evolution across ocean depth zones in over 3000 species of marine teleost fishes. We find that the deep ocean contains twice the body shape disparity of shallow waters, driven by elevated rates of evolution in traits associated with locomotion. Deep-sea fishes display more frequent adoption of forms suited to slow and periodic swimming, whereas shallow living species are concentrated around shapes conferring strong, sustained swimming capacity and manoeuvrability. Our results support long-standing impressions of the deep sea as an evolutionary hotspot for fish body shape evolution and highlight that factors like habitat complexity and ecological interactions are potential drivers of this adaptive diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah T Friedman
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katherine A Corn
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Olivier Larouche
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Samantha A Price
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Peter C Wainwright
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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188
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Testicular inducing steroidogenic cells trigger sex change in groupers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11117. [PMID: 34045599 PMCID: PMC8160332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates usually exhibit gonochorism, whereby their sex is fixed throughout their lifetime. However, approximately 500 species (~ 2%) of extant teleost fishes change sex during their lifetime. Although phylogenetic and evolutionary ecological studies have recently revealed that the extant sequential hermaphroditism in teleost fish is derived from gonochorism, the evolution of this transsexual ability remains unclear. We revealed in a previous study that the tunica of the ovaries of several protogynous hermaphrodite groupers contain functional androgen-producing cells, which were previously unknown structures in the ovaries of gonochoristic fishes. Additionally, we demonstrated that these androgen-producing cells play critical roles in initiating female-to-male sex change in several grouper species. In the present study, we widened the investigation to include 7 genera and 18 species of groupers and revealed that representatives from most major clades of extant groupers commonly contain these androgen-producing cells, termed testicular-inducing steroidogenic (TIS) cells. Our findings suggest that groupers acquired TIS cells in the tunica of the gonads for successful sex change during their evolution. Thus, TIS cells trigger the evolution of sex change in groupers.
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189
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Barbosa AJ, Sampaio I, Santos S. Re-visiting the occurrence of mislabeling in frozen "pescada-branca" (Cynoscion leiarchus and Plagioscion squamosissimus - Sciaenidae) sold in Brazil using DNA barcoding and octaplex PCR assay. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110308. [PMID: 33992328 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In Brazil, Cynoscion leiarchus and Plagioscion squamosissimus are the species allowed to be labeled as "pescada-branca". These species have high economic value, especially when sold in the form of fillets. Therefore, when morphological traits are removed, fish are highly prone to be substituted, which has been reported for species of the family Sciaenidae sold in Brazil, including "pescada-branca". We have sequenced 618 bp of the COI of 143 samples to re-evaluate the occurrence of substitutions in frozen "pescada-branca" marketed in Brazil. We observed more than 73% of mislabeling, with only 26.57% being P. squamosissimus, and none, C. leiarchus. In general, the substitutes were closely related Sciaenidae, but cheaper species, which indicates commercial fraud. Based on these results we used 1.2 kb of COI to develop an octaplex PCR assay that unequivocally identified the target species and six substitute species through the banding pattern. Specific reverse primers combined with a universal forward primer were used in the protocol and identified the species C. leiarchus (~290 bp), N. microps (~340 bp), M. ancylodon (~470 bp), C. acoupa (~540 bp), C. microlepidotus (~850 bp), P. auratus (~950 bp), C. virescens (~1050 bp), and P. squamosissimus (~1140 bp). The DNA barcoding and the multiplex PCR were accurate and specific to authenticate processed products labeled as "pescada-branca". The multiplex assay constitutes a cost-effective alternative for the authentication of these products and other sciaenids. Additionally, we suggest that the multiplex assay can be adopted by both companies and regulatory agencies to prevent commercial fraud in the marketing of processed fishery products in Brazil and other countries where these products are commercialized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Jisely Barbosa
- Laboratory of Fish Microbiology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Para, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, 68600-000 Braganca, Para, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Para, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, 68600-000 Braganca, Para, Brazil.
| | - Simoni Santos
- Laboratory of Fish Microbiology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Para, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, 68600-000 Braganca, Para, Brazil.
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Dzyuba V, Cosson J, Papadaki M, Mylonas CC, Steinbach C, Rodina M, Tučkova V, Linhart O, Shelton WL, Gela D, Boryshpolets S, Dzyuba B. Influence of Environmental Temperature and Hormonal Stimulation on the In Vitro Sperm Maturation in Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus in Advance of the Spawning Season. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051417. [PMID: 34063418 PMCID: PMC8155876 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sperm maturation (acquisition of the potential for motility and fertilization by morphologically developed spermatozoa) in sturgeons is atypical of ray-finned fishes: it occurs outside the testes during the transit of testicular spermatozoa through the kidneys into the Wolffian ducts. We recently developed a method in which testicular spermatozoa of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus are matured in vitro when incubated in seminal fluid derived from Wolffian duct sperm. In this study, we explored whether in vitro maturation of testicular spermatozoa depends on the environmental temperature and/or hormonal stimulation of spermiation. We studied spermatozoa motility parameters after in vitro maturation of testicular sperm, concentrations of sex steroid hormones and testis morphology in sterlet males at different stages of male preparation for spawning with and without hormonal induction of spermiation. The obtained data suggest that the ability of testicular spermatozoa to be matured was not related to the environmental temperature, while hormonal stimulation was an absolute requirement for optimal in vitro maturation. The use of in vitro matured testicular spermatozoa might have considerable potential in aquaculture or conservation programs, which can be realized in cases of accidental death of valuable broodstock or failure to obtain Wolffian duct sperm of high quality. Abstract Sturgeon sperm maturation occurs outside the testes during the transit of testicular spermatozoa (TS) through the kidneys and the Wolffian ducts. A method of in vitro TS maturation in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus was used to investigate the effects of temperature and hormonal stimulation of spermiation on the ability of TS to complete this process. Spermatozoa motility parameters after in vitro maturation of testicular sperm, concentrations of sex steroid hormones and testis morphology were studied in three groups of sterlet: (1) after overwintering in ponds (OW), (2) adapted to spawning temperature (ST), and (3) adapted to spawning temperature with hormonal induction of spermiation (ST-HI). Blood plasma concentrations of testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone and 17,20β-dihydroxy-pregnenolone increased significantly after hormonal induction of spermiation (group ST-HI). In all groups, TS were not motile. After in vitro sperm maturation, motility was up to 60% only in group ST-HI. The data suggest that the ability of TS to be matured in vitro was not related to the environmental temperature, while hormonal stimulation of spermiation during the spawning season was an absolute requirement for optimal in vitro maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Dzyuba
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacky Cosson
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Maria Papadaki
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Institute of Marine Biology, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece; (M.P.); (C.C.M.)
| | - Constantinos C. Mylonas
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Institute of Marine Biology, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece; (M.P.); (C.C.M.)
| | - Christoph Steinbach
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Marek Rodina
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Vladimira Tučkova
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Otomar Linhart
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - William L. Shelton
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - David Gela
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Sergii Boryshpolets
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
| | - Borys Dzyuba
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (V.T.); (O.L.); (W.L.S.); (D.G.); (S.B.); (B.D.)
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Chandhini S, Yamanoue Y, Varghese S, Ali PHA, Arjunan VM, Kumar VJR. Whole mitogenome analysis and phylogeny of freshwater fish red-finned catopra (Pristolepis rubripinnis) endemic to Kerala, India. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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192
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Tang KL, Stiassny MLJ, Mayden RL, DeSalle R. Systematics of Damselfishes. ICHTHYOLOGY & HERPETOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1643/i2020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Tang
- University of Michigan–Flint, Department of Biology, 303 East Kearsley St., Flint, Michigan 48502; . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Melanie L. J. Stiassny
- American Museum of Natural History, Department of Ichthyology, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, New York 10024;
| | - Richard L. Mayden
- Saint Louis University, Department of Biology, 3507 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63103;
| | - Robert DeSalle
- American Museum of Natural History, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, New York 10024;
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193
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Robitzch V, Schröder M, Ahnelt H. Morphometrics reveal inter- and intraspecific sexual dimorphisms in two Hawaiian Schindleria, the long dorsal finned S. praematura and the short dorsal finned S. pietschmanni. ZOOL ANZ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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194
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Santos RP, Melo BF, Yazbeck GM, Oliveira RS, Hilário HO, Prosdocimi F, Carvalho DC. Diversification of
Prochilodus
in the eastern Brazilian Shield: Evidence from complete mitochondrial genomes (Teleostei, Prochilodontidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane P. Santos
- Laboratório de Genética da Conservação Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia dos Vertebrados Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal de São João del‐Rei São João del‐Rei Brazil
| | - Bruno F. Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil
| | - Gabriel M. Yazbeck
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal de São João del‐Rei São João del‐Rei Brazil
| | - Rafael S. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência da Computação Universidade Federal de São João del‐Rei São João del‐Rei Brazil
| | - Heron O. Hilário
- Laboratório de Genética da Conservação Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia dos Vertebrados Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Francisco Prosdocimi
- Laboratório de Genômica e Biodiversidade Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de MeisUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Daniel C. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética da Conservação Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia dos Vertebrados Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
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Medeiros APM, Ferreira BP, Alvarado F, Betancur-R R, Soares MO, Santos BA. Deep reefs are not refugium for shallow-water fish communities in the southwestern Atlantic. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:4413-4427. [PMID: 33976819 PMCID: PMC8093723 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The deep reef refugia hypothesis (DRRH) predicts that deep reef ecosystems may act as refugium for the biota of disturbed shallow waters. Because deep reefs are among the most understudied habitats on Earth, formal tests of the DRRH remain scarce. If the DRRH is valid at the community level, the diversity of species, functions, and lineages of fish communities of shallow reefs should be encapsulated in deep reefs.We tested the DRRH by assessing the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of 22 Brazilian fish communities between 2 and 62 m depth. We partitioned the gamma diversity of shallow (<30 m) and deep reefs (>30 m) into independent alpha and beta components, accounted for species' abundance, and assessed whether beta patterns were mostly driven by spatial turnover or nestedness.We recorded 3,821 fishes belonging to 85 species and 36 families. Contrary to DRRH expectations, only 48% of the species occurred in both shallow and deep reefs. Alpha diversity of rare species was higher in deep reefs as expected, but alpha diversity of typical and dominant species did not vary with depth. Alpha functional diversity was higher in deep reefs only for rare and typical species, but not for dominant species. Alpha phylogenetic diversity was consistently higher in deep reefs, supporting DRRH expectations.Profiles of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic beta diversity indicated that deep reefs were not more heterogeneous than shallow reefs, contradicting expectations of biotic homogenization near sea surface. Furthermore, pairwise beta-diversity analyses revealed that the patterns were mostly driven by spatial turnover rather than nestedness at any depth. Conclusions. Although some results support the DRRH, most indicate that the shallow-water reef fish diversity is not fully encapsulated in deep reefs. Every reef contributes significantly to the regional diversity and must be managed and protected accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline P M Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Beatrice P Ferreira
- Departamento de Oceanografia Centro de Tecnologia Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Fredy Alvarado
- Departamento de Agricultura Centro de Ciências Humanas Sociais e Agrárias Universidade Federal da Paraíba Bananeiras PB Brazil
| | - Ricardo Betancur-R
- Department of Biology The University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
| | - Marcelo O Soares
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar-LABOMAR Universidade Federal do Ceará Meireles Brazil
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA) Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Barcelona Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA) Università del Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Bráulio A Santos
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil
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196
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Formenti G, Rhie A, Balacco J, Haase B, Mountcastle J, Fedrigo O, Brown S, Capodiferro MR, Al-Ajli FO, Ambrosini R, Houde P, Koren S, Oliver K, Smith M, Skelton J, Betteridge E, Dolucan J, Corton C, Bista I, Torrance J, Tracey A, Wood J, Uliano-Silva M, Howe K, McCarthy S, Winkler S, Kwak W, Korlach J, Fungtammasan A, Fordham D, Costa V, Mayes S, Chiara M, Horner DS, Myers E, Durbin R, Achilli A, Braun EL, Phillippy AM, Jarvis ED. Complete vertebrate mitogenomes reveal widespread repeats and gene duplications. Genome Biol 2021; 22:120. [PMID: 33910595 PMCID: PMC8082918 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern sequencing technologies should make the assembly of the relatively small mitochondrial genomes an easy undertaking. However, few tools exist that address mitochondrial assembly directly. RESULTS As part of the Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP) we develop mitoVGP, a fully automated pipeline for similarity-based identification of mitochondrial reads and de novo assembly of mitochondrial genomes that incorporates both long (> 10 kbp, PacBio or Nanopore) and short (100-300 bp, Illumina) reads. Our pipeline leads to successful complete mitogenome assemblies of 100 vertebrate species of the VGP. We observe that tissue type and library size selection have considerable impact on mitogenome sequencing and assembly. Comparing our assemblies to purportedly complete reference mitogenomes based on short-read sequencing, we identify errors, missing sequences, and incomplete genes in those references, particularly in repetitive regions. Our assemblies also identify novel gene region duplications. The presence of repeats and duplications in over half of the species herein assembled indicates that their occurrence is a principle of mitochondrial structure rather than an exception, shedding new light on mitochondrial genome evolution and organization. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that even in the "simple" case of vertebrate mitogenomes the completeness of many currently available reference sequences can be further improved, and caution should be exercised before claiming the complete assembly of a mitogenome, particularly from short reads alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Formenti
- The Vertebrate Genome Lab, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- The Howards Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Balacco
- The Vertebrate Genome Lab, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bettina Haase
- The Vertebrate Genome Lab, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Olivier Fedrigo
- The Vertebrate Genome Lab, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samara Brown
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- The Howards Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - Farooq O Al-Ajli
- Monash University Malaysia Genomics Facility, School of Science, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Qatar Falcon Genome Project, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Houde
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Iliana Bista
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shane McCarthy
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sylke Winkler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology & Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Fordham
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Vania Costa
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Mayes
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David S Horner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugene Myers
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology & Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Richard Durbin
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alessandro Achilli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Edward L Braun
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erich D Jarvis
- The Vertebrate Genome Lab, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- The Howards Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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197
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Faustino-Fuster DR, Meza-Vargas V, Lovejoy NR, Lujan NK. Multi-locus phylogeny with dense Guiana Shield sampling supports new suprageneric classification of the neotropical three-barbeled catfishes (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 162:107186. [PMID: 33932613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The catfish family Heptapteridae is ubiquitous across a range of freshwater habitats from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and contains 23 genera and 228 valid species. After a century of mostly morphology-based systematic analyses of these fishes, we provide the first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis spanning most valid Heptapteridae genera (16 of 23). We examined eight of 14 valid genera in the Nemuroglanis-subclade (Heptapterini), all valid genera in the Brachyglanis-subclade (Brachyglaniini) and most valid Brachyglaniini species (11 of 15). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of a 4156-base alignment of five gene regions (three mitochondrial: COI, Cyt b, and ND2; two nuclear: RAG2, Glyt) yielded thoroughly resolved and statistically robust phylogenies that were largely congruent with each other and with previous morphology-based hypotheses. We propose a revised phylogenetic classification consisting of two subfamilies (Rhamdiinae, Heptapterinae) each with two tribes. Dense taxonomic sampling of Brachyglaniini, including type species of Brachyglanis, Gladioglanis, Leptorhamdia, and Myoglanis, revealed widespread paraphyly. Newly recovered clades within Brachyglaniini are closely associated with either the upper Orinoco or the Essequibo suggesting repeated dispersals and/or range expansions/contractions across the western Guiana Shield highlands and from there to the upper Amazon and Brazilian Shield. These biogeographical processes appear to have been an important driver of allopatric diversification in the clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario R Faustino-Fuster
- Departamento de Ictiología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14, Peru; Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43433, Campus do Vale, 91509-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Meza-Vargas
- Departamento de Ictiología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14, Peru; Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul., Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathan R Lovejoy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Nathan K Lujan
- Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
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198
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Vigouroux RJ, Duroure K, Vougny J, Albadri S, Kozulin P, Herrera E, Nguyen-Ba-Charvet K, Braasch I, Suárez R, Del Bene F, Chédotal A. Bilateral visual projections exist in non-teleost bony fish and predate the emergence of tetrapods. Science 2021; 372:150-156. [PMID: 33833117 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe7790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In most vertebrates, camera-style eyes contain retinal ganglion cell neurons that project to visual centers on both sides of the brain. However, in fish, ganglion cells were thought to innervate only the contralateral side, suggesting that bilateral visual projections appeared in tetrapods. Here we show that bilateral visual projections exist in non-teleost fishes and that the appearance of ipsilateral projections does not correlate with terrestrial transition or predatory behavior. We also report that the developmental program that specifies visual system laterality differs between fishes and mammals, as the Zic2 transcription factor, which specifies ipsilateral retinal ganglion cells in tetrapods, appears to be absent from fish ganglion cells. However, overexpression of human ZIC2 induces ipsilateral visual projections in zebrafish. Therefore, the existence of bilateral visual projections likely preceded the emergence of binocular vision in tetrapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Vigouroux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Karine Duroure
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Vougny
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, Paris, France
| | - Shahad Albadri
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Peter Kozulin
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Building 79, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Eloisa Herrera
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Spain
| | - Kim Nguyen-Ba-Charvet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Ingo Braasch
- Department of Integrative Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Rodrigo Suárez
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Building 79, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Filippo Del Bene
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Alain Chédotal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.
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199
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Thieme P, Warth P, Moritz T. Development of the caudal-fin skeleton reveals multiple convergent fusions within Atherinomorpha. Front Zool 2021; 18:20. [PMID: 33902629 PMCID: PMC8077867 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The caudal fin of teleosts is a highly diverse morphological structure and a valuable source of information for comparative analyses. Within the Atherinomorpha a high variation of conditions of the caudal-fin skeleton can be found. These range from complex but basal configurations to simple yet derived configurations. When comparing atherinomorph taxa, it is often difficult to decide on the homology of skeletal elements if only considering adult specimens. However, observing the development of caudal-fin skeletons allows one to evaluate complex structures, reveal homologies and developmental patterns, and even reconstruct the grundplan of the examined taxa. Results We studied the development of the caudal-fin skeleton in different atheriniform, beloniform and cyprinodontiform species using cleared and stained specimens. Subsequently we compared the development to find similarities and differences in terms of 1) which structures are formed and 2) which structures fuse during ontogeny. For many structures, i.e., the parhypural, the epural(s), the haemal and neural spines of the preural centra and the uroneural, there were either no or only minor differences visible between the three taxa. However, the development of the hypurals revealed a high variation of fusions within different taxa that partly occurred independently in atheriniforms, beloniforms and cyprinodontiforms. Moreover, comparing the development of the ural centra exposed two ways of formation of the compound centrum: 1) in atheriniforms and the beloniforms Oryzias and Hyporhamphus limbatus two ural centra develop and fuse during ontogeny while 2) in cyprinodontiforms and Exocoetidae (Beloniformes) only a single ural centrum is formed during ontogeny. Conclusions We were able to reconstruct the grundplan of the developmental pattern of the caudal-fin skeleton of the Atheriniformes, Beloniformes and Cyprinodontiformes as well as their last common ancestors. We found two developmental modes of the compound centrum within the Atherinomorpha, i.e., the fusion of two developing ural centra in atheriniforms and beloniforms and the development of only one ural centrum in cyprinodontiforms. Further differences and similarities for the examined taxa are discussed, resulting in the hypothesis that the caudal-fin development of a last common ancestor to all atherinomorphs is very much similar to that of extant atheriniforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Thieme
- Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439, Stralsund, Germany. .,Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erbertstraße 1, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Peter Warth
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Timo Moritz
- Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439, Stralsund, Germany.,Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erbertstraße 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
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200
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Zupanc GKH. Adult neurogenesis in the central nervous system of teleost fish: from stem cells to function and evolution. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:258585. [PMID: 33914040 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.226357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis, the generation of functional neurons from adult neural stem cells in the central nervous system (CNS), is widespread, and perhaps universal, among vertebrates. This phenomenon is more pronounced in teleost fish than in any other vertebrate taxon. There are up to 100 neurogenic sites in the adult teleost brain. New cells, including neurons and glia, arise from neural stem cells harbored both in neurogenic niches and outside these niches (such as the ependymal layer and parenchyma in the spinal cord, respectively). At least some, but not all, of the stem cells are of astrocytic identity. Aging appears to lead to stem cell attrition in fish that exhibit determinate body growth but not in those with indeterminate growth. At least in some areas of the CNS, the activity of the neural stem cells results in additive neurogenesis or gliogenesis - tissue growth by net addition of cells. Mathematical and computational modeling has identified three factors to be crucial for sustained tissue growth and correct formation of CNS structures: symmetric stem cell division, cell death and cell drift due to population pressure. It is hypothesized that neurogenesis in the CNS is driven by continued growth of corresponding muscle fibers and sensory receptor cells in the periphery to ensure a constant ratio of peripheral versus central elements. This 'numerical matching hypothesis' can explain why neurogenesis has ceased in most parts of the adult CNS during the evolution of mammals, which show determinate growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther K H Zupanc
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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