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Hou J, Li W, Xu X, Sun A, Xu G, Cheng Z, Zhang H, An X. MiR-2284b regulation of α-s1 casein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2334725. [PMID: 38623994 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2334725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The lactation character of dairy goats is the most important characteristic, and milk protein is an important index to evaluate milk quality. Casein accounts for more than 80% of the total milk protein in goat milk and is the main component of milk protein. Using GMECs (goat mammary epithelial cells) as the research object, the CHECK2 vector of the CSN1S1 gene and the overexpression vector of pcDNA 3.1 were constructed, and the mimics of miR-2284b and the interfering RNA of CSN1S1 were synthesized. Using PCR, RT-qPCR, a dual luciferase activity detection system, EdU, CCK8, cell apoptosis detection and ELISA detection, we explored the regulatory mechanism and molecular mechanism of miR-2284b regulation of αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs. miR-2284b negatively regulates proliferation and apoptosis of GMECs and αs1-casein synthesis. Two new gene sequences of CSN1S1 were discovered. CSN1S1-1/-2 promoted the proliferation of GMECs and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, it had no effect on αs1-casein synthesis. MiR-2284b negatively regulates αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs by inhibiting the CSN1S1 gene. These results all indicated that miR-2284b could regulate αs1-casein synthesis, thus playing a theoretical guiding role in the future breeding process of dairy goats and accelerating the development of dairy goat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Hou
- College of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenfei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ganggang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zefang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haoyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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152
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Dong W, Liu S, Li S, Wang Z. Cell reprogramming therapy for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2444-2455. [PMID: 38526281 PMCID: PMC11090434 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson's disease. The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease, which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. However, ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos, which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy. Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons, without the need for intermediate proliferation states, thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation. Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed. This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy, including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research. The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming. These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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153
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Nascakova Z, He J, Papa G, Francas B, Azizi F, Müller A. Helicobacter pylori induces the expression of Lgr5 and stem cell properties in gastric target cells. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402783. [PMID: 39191487 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection predisposes carriers to a high risk of developing gastric cancer. The cell-of-origin of antral gastric cancer is the Lgr5+ stem cell. Here, we show that infection of antrum-derived gastric organoid cells with H. pylori increases the expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5 as determined by immunofluorescence microscopy, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, both when cells are grown and infected as monolayers and when cells are exposed to H. pylori in 3D structures. H. pylori exposure increases stemness properties as determined by spheroid formation assay. Lgr5 expression and the acquisition of stemness depend on a functional type IV secretion system (T4SS) and at least partly on the T4SS effector CagA. The pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of NF-κB reverses the increase in Lgr5 and spheroid formation. Constitutively active Wnt/β-catenin signaling because of Apc inactivation exacerbates H. pylori-induced Lgr5 expression and stemness, both of which persist even after eradication of the infection. The combined data indicate that H. pylori has stemness-inducing properties that depend on its ability to activate NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nascakova
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jiazhuo He
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Papa
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Biel Francas
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Azizi
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Müller
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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154
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Autumn M, Hu Y, Zeng J, McMenamin SK. Growth patterns of caudal fin rays are informed by both external signals from the regenerating organ and remembered identity autonomous to the local tissue. Dev Biol 2024; 515:121-128. [PMID: 39029570 PMCID: PMC11361315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Regenerating tissues must remember or interpret their spatial position, using this information to restore original size and patterning. The external skeleton of the zebrafish caudal fin is composed of 18 rays; after any portion of the fin is amputated, position-dependent regenerative growth restores each ray to its original length. We tested for transcriptional differences during regeneration of proximal versus distal tissues and identified 489 genes that differed in proximodistal expression. Thyroid hormone directs multiple aspects of ray patterning along the proximodistal axis, and we identified 364 transcripts showing a proximodistal expression pattern that was dependent on thyroid hormone context. To test what aspects of ray positional identity are directed by extrinsic environental cues versus remembered identity autonomous to the tissue, we transplanted distal portions of rays to proximal environments and evaluated regeneration within the new location. Native regenerating proximal tissue showed robust expression of scpp7, a transcript with thyroid-regulated proximal enrichment; in contrast, regenerating rays originating from transplanted distal tissue showed reduced (distal-like) expression during outgrowth. These distal-to-proximal transplants regenerated far beyond the length of the graft itself, indicating that cues from the proximal environment promoted additional growth. Nonetheless, these transplants initiated regeneration at a much slower rate compared to controls, suggesting memory of distal identity was retained by the transplanted tissue. This early growth retardation caused rays that originated from transplants to grow noticeably shorter than neighboring native rays. While several aspects of fin ray morphology (bifurcation, segment length) were found to be determined by the environment, we found that both regeneration speed and ray length are remembered autonomously by tissues, and that persist through multiple rounds of amputation and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Autumn
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Yinan Hu
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Jenny Zeng
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
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155
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Medlock-Lanier T, Clay KB, Roberts-Galbraith RH. Planarian LDB and SSDP proteins scaffold transcriptional complexes for regeneration and patterning. Dev Biol 2024; 515:67-78. [PMID: 38968988 PMCID: PMC11361279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Sequence-specific transcription factors often function as components of large regulatory complexes. LIM-domain binding protein (LDB) and single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSDP) function as core scaffolds of transcriptional complexes in animals and plants. Little is known about potential partners and functions for LDB/SSDP complexes in the context of tissue regeneration. In this work, we find that planarian LDB1 and SSDP2 promote tissue regeneration, with a particular function in anterior regeneration and mediolateral polarity reestablishment. We find that LDB1 and SSDP2 interact with one another and with characterized planarian LIM-HD proteins Arrowhead, Islet1, and Lhx1/5-1. We also show that SSDP2 and LDB1 function with islet1 in polarity reestablishment and with lhx1/5-1 in serotonergic neuron maturation. Finally, we find new roles for LDB1 and SSDP2 in regulating gene expression in the planarian intestine and parenchyma; these functions are likely LIM-HD-independent. Together, our work provides insight into LDB/SSDP complexes in a highly regenerative organism. Further, our work provides a strong starting point for identifying and characterizing potential binding partners of LDB1 and SSDP2 and for exploring roles for these proteins in diverse aspects of planarian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kendall B Clay
- Neuroscience Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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156
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Zhang Q, Li L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Yan L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao S. Genetic circuitry controlling Drosophila female germline overgrowth. Dev Biol 2024; 515:160-168. [PMID: 39067502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Germ cells mutant for bam or bgcn are locked in a germline stem cell (GSC)-like state, leading to tumor-like overgrowth in Drosophila ovaries. Our previous studies have demonstrated that germline overgrowth in bam mutants can be suppressed by defects in the miRNA pathway but enhanced by a null mutation in hippo. However, the genetic epistasis between the miRNA and Hippo pathways still remains unknown. Here, we determined that the miRNA pathway acts downstream of the Hippo pathway in regulating this process. Germ cells mutant for bam or bgcn and defective in both pathways divide very slowly, phenocopying those defective only in the miRNA pathway. In addition, we found that Yki, a key oncoprotein in the Hippo pathway, promotes the growth of both wild-type germ cells and bam mutant GSC-like cells. Like wild-type GSCs, bam mutant GSC-like cells predominantly stay in the G2 phase. Remarkably, many of those defective in the miRNA pathway are arrested before entering this phase. Furthermore, our studies identified bantam as a critical miRNA promoting germline overgrowth in bam or bgcn mutants. Taken together, these findings establish a genetic circuitry controlling Drosophila female germline overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhong Yan
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejia Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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157
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Liu K, Liu Y, Chu M. Detection of polymorphisms in six genes and their association analysis with litter size in sheep. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2309954. [PMID: 38294691 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2309954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Litter size in sheep is a complex trait controlled by micro-effective polygenes. APAF1, CLSTN2, CTH, PLCB1, PLCB4, and CHST11 are all involved in mammalian reproduction. However, the effects of these genes on litter size in sheep are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used Sequenom MassARRAY® SNP assay technology to type the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci of six genes in five sheep breeds. The results showed that most sheep breeds contain three genotypes at each locus. Then, we conducted population genetic analysis on the SNPs of six genes and found that the polymorphic information content in all sheep breeds ranged from 0 to 0.37, and most sheep breeds were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). In addition, association analysis in Small Tail Han sheep indicated that the rs399534524 locus in CLSTN2 was highly associated with first parity litter size, and litter size in ewes with CT genotype was higher than that in ewes with CC genotype or TT genotype. Furthermore, the rs407142552 locus in CTH was highly associated with second parity litter size in Small Tail Han sheep, and litter size in ewes with CT genotype was higher than that in ewes with TT genotype. Finally, we predicted the CTH and CLSTN2 protein interaction network and found that HTR1E, NOM1, CCDC174 and ALPK3 interact with CLSTN2 and have been reported as candidate genes related to litter size in sheep. These results suggest that they may be useful genetic markers for increasing litter size in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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158
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Nakajo T, Katayoshi T, Kitajima N, Tsuji K. NAD + overconsumption by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) under oxidative stress induces cytoskeletal disruption in vascular endothelial cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150371. [PMID: 39004065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cytoskeletal disruption leads to increased vascular permeability and is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Oxidative stress can increase vascular permeability by weakening endothelial cell-to-cell junctions and decrease intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. However, it remains unclear how intracellular NAD+ variations caused by oxidative stress alter the vascular endothelial cytoskeletal organization. In this study, we demonstrated that oxidative stress activates poly (ADP-ribose [ADPr]) polymerase (PARP), which consume large amounts of intracellular NAD+, leading to cytoskeletal disruption in vascular endothelial cells. We found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could transiently disrupt the cytoskeleton and reduce intracellular total NAD levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). H2O2 stimulation led to rapid increase in ADPr protein levels in HUVECs. Pharmaceutical PARP inhibition counteracted H2O2-induced total NAD depletion and cytoskeletal disruption, suggesting that NAD+ consumption by PARP induced cytoskeletal disruption. Additionally, supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the NAD+ precursor, prevented both intracellular total NAD depletion and cytoskeletal disruption induced by H2O2 in HUVECs. Inhibition of the NAD+ salvage pathway by FK866, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor, maintained H2O2-induced cytoskeletal disruption, suggesting that intracellular NAD+ plays a crucial role in recovery from cytoskeletal disruption. Our findings provide further insights into the potential application of PARP inhibition and NMN supplementation for the treatment and prevention of diseases involving vascular hyperpermeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakajo
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - T Katayoshi
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - N Kitajima
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - K Tsuji
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
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159
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Kim S, Na GH, Yim DJ, Liu CF, Lin TH, Shih TW, Pan TM, Lee CL, Koo YK. Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 prevents obesity by regulating AMPK pathways and gut microbiota in obese rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150279. [PMID: 39018972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) both in vitro and in vivo. Initially, the cytotoxicity and lipid accumulation inhibitory effects of NTU 101 on 3T3-L1 cells were evaluated using the MTT assay and oil red O assay, respectively. Subsequently, the anti-obesity effects of NTU 101 were investigated in high-fat diet-induced obese rat. Moreover, western blotting was performed to measure the obesity-related protein expression of PPARα, PPARβ, PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, ATGL, p-p38 MAPK, p-ERK1/2, p-AMPK and CPT-1 in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and adipose and liver tissues. Treatment with 16 × 108 CFU/mL NTU 101 reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by more than 50 %. Oral administration of NTU 101 significantly attenuated body weight gain, as well as adipose tissue weight. NTU 101 administration enhanced fatty acid oxidation increasing expression levels of PPARα, CPT-1, and p-AMPK proteins in liver tissue, while simultaneously inhibited adipogenesis by reducing PPARγ and C/EBPα proteins in adipose tissue. Furthermore, NTU 101 supplementation positively modulated the composition of gut microbiota, notably increasing the abundance of Akkermansiaceae. This present study suggests that NTU 101 exerts anti-obesity effects by regulating gut microbiota, fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- SukJin Kim
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Gwi Hwan Na
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Dong Joon Yim
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Chin-Feng Liu
- Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tse-Han Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Sec. 2, University Rd., Taitung, 95092, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Tzu-Ming Pan
- SunWay Biotech Co. LTD., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Lin Lee
- Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yean Kyoung Koo
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea.
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160
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Xie Y, An L, Wang X, Ma Y, Bayoude A, Fan X, Yu B, Li R. Protection effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma against ethanol-induced gastric injury in vitro and in vivo: A phytochemical and pharmacological study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118427. [PMID: 38844251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscoreae Rhizoma, a kind of Chinese yam, is a medicinal and edible plant used in China for strengthening the spleen and stomach. However, there is a lack of modern pharmacology studies regarding its anti-gastric injury activity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of Chinese yam aqueous extract (CYW) and evaluate its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric injury in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active components of CYW were identified using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in combination with the GNPS molecular networking and network pharmacology. In vitro studies were performed in the RAW264.7/GES-1 cell coculture system. In vivo study, mice were treated with CYW (0.31, 0.63, and 3.14 g/kg BW, orally) for 14 days, followed by a single oral dose of ethanol (10 mL/kg BW) to induce gastric injury. The biochemical, inflammation and oxidative stress markers were analyzed using commercial kits. Histopathology was used to assess the degree of gastric injury. Gene and protein expressions were studied using RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS CYW significantly restored the levels of SOD, GPx and CAT, and reduced the MDA content. Further analyses showed that CYW significantly alleviated the gastric oxidative stress by inhibiting the inflammation via decreasing p-NF-κB and p-IκB-α expression levels and inhibiting the generation of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. At the same time, the fraction remarkably upregulated Bcl-2, downregulated Bax and increased growth factor secretion, thereby prevented gastric mucous cell. Besides, The combination of HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, GNPS molecular networking analysis, and network pharmacology demonstrated that linoleic acid, 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, adenosine, aminocaproic acid, tyramine, DL-tryptophan, cycloleucine, lactulose, melibiose, alpha-beta-trehalose, and sucrose would be the main active compounds of CYW against ethanol-induced gastric injury. CONCLUSION This study showed that CYW is potentially rich source of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. It showed efficacy against ethanol-induced gastric injury by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the stomach. The results of the current work indicate that Dioscoreae Rhizoma could be utilized as a type of natural resource for production of new medicine and functional foods to prevent and/or ameliorate ethanol-induced gastric injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Luyao An
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yajie Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Alamusi Bayoude
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xinxin Fan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Renshi Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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161
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Pramanik R, Dey A, Chakrabarty AK, Banerjee D, Narwaria A, Sharma S, Rai RK, Katiyar CK, Dubey SK. Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: Understanding disease mechanisms, their correlation, and promising dual activity of selected herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118402. [PMID: 38821139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review explores the link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and diabetes-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD). It emphasizes the shared pathophysiological links and mechanisms between the two conditions, focusing on reduced insulin levels and receptors, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage in AD-affected brains-paralleling aspects of T2DM. The review suggests AD as a "diabetes of the brain," supported by cognitive enhancement through antidiabetic interventions. It focuses on the traditionally used Indian herbs as a means to manage both conditions while addressing developmental challenges. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explores the DM-AD connection, reviewing medicinal herbs with protective potential for both ailments, considering traditional uses and developmental challenges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studied research, reviews, and ethnobotanical and scientific data from electronic databases and traditional books. RESULTS The study analyzes the pathophysiological links between DM and AD, emphasizing their interconnected factors. Eight Ayurvedic plants with dual protective effects against T2DM and AD are thoroughly reviewed with preclinical/clinical evidence. Historical context, phytoconstituents, and traditional applications are explored. Innovative formulations using these plants are examined. Challenges stemming from phytoconstituents' physicochemical properties are highlighted, prompting novel formulation development, including nanotechnology-based delivery systems. The study uncovers obstacles in formulating treatments for these diseases. CONCLUSION The review showcases the dual potential of chosen medicinal herbs against both diseases, along with their traditional applications, endorsing their use. It addresses formulation obstacles, proposing innovative delivery technologies for herbal therapies, while acknowledging their constraints. The review suggests the need for heightened investment and research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Pramanik
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Anuradha Dey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | | | - Dipankar Banerjee
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Avinash Narwaria
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajiva Kumar Rai
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Chandra Kant Katiyar
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India.
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162
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Zhan H, Xie D, Yan Z, Yi Z, Xiang D, Niu Y, Liang X, Geng B, Wu M, Xia Y, Jiang J. Fluid shear stress-mediated Piezo1 alleviates osteocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150391. [PMID: 39002199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis serves as a primary cause for secondary osteoporosis and fragility fractures, representing the most prevalent adverse reaction associated with prolonged glucocorticoid use. In this study, to elucidate the impact and underlying mechanisms of fluid shear stress (FSS)-mediated Piezo1 on dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis, we respectively applied Dex treatment for 6 h, FSS at 9 dyne/cm2 for 30 min, Yoda1 treatment for 2 h, and Piezo1 siRNA transfection to intervene in MLO-Y4 osteocytes. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and proteins associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway. Additionally, qRT-PCR was utilized to quantify the mRNA expression levels of these molecules. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were utilized to evaluate the apoptosis levels. The results indicate that FSS at 9 dyne/cm2 for 30 min significantly upregulates Piezo1 in osteocytes. Following Dex-induced apoptosis, the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt are markedly suppressed. FSS-mediated Piezo1 exerts a protective effect against Dex-induced apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Additionally, downregulating the expression of Piezo1 in osteocytes using siRNA exacerbates Dex-induced apoptosis. To further demonstrate the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, after intervention with the PI3K pathway inhibitor, the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway by FSS-mediated Piezo1 in osteocytes was significantly inhibited, reversing the anti-apoptotic effect. This study indicates that under FSS, Piezo1 in MLO-Y4 osteocytes is significantly upregulated, providing protection against Dex-induced apoptosis through the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhan
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Daijun Xie
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhenxing Yan
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhi Yi
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Dejian Xiang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yongkang Niu
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Liang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Bin Geng
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Meng Wu
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yayi Xia
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Jin Jiang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Intelligent Orthopaedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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163
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Li H, Kanamori Y, Moroishi T. Cell attachment defines sensitivity to cold stress via the Hippo pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150373. [PMID: 38996785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Although cells are frequently maintained at cold temperatures during experiments, the effects of cold stress on cell viability and subsequent cellular conditions remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of cold stress on cancer cells under various culture conditions. We showed that cold stress induces ferroptosis, a form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, in sensitive cancer cell lines. High cell density and serum starvation activate the Hippo pathway and suppress cold-induced cell death. Genetic deletion of Hippo pathway components enhances cold stress susceptibility. Furthermore, the cell attachment status influences the response to cold stress, with suspended cells showing greater resistance and faster recovery than attached cells. This study highlights the importance of cellular conditions and the Hippo pathway in the handling and storage of cancer cells at cold temperatures, thereby offering insights into experimental and clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yohei Kanamori
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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164
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Liu M, Hu M, Liu R, Wang L, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang L, Pei W, Zhang Y. Unveiling the role of APOM gene in liver cancer: Investigating the impact of hsa-miR-4489/MUC1-mediated ferroptosis on the advancement of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Gene 2024; 925:148591. [PMID: 38788818 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer has consistently exhibited a high prevalence and fatality rate, necessitating the investigation of associated diagnostic markers and inhibition mechanisms to effectively mitigate its impact. The significance of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in impeding the progression of neoplastic ailments is progressively gaining recognition. However, a comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanism in liver cancer advancement remains to be elucidated. Recent evidence indicates a potential association between ApoM and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with the peroxidation of phospholipids (PLs) containing PUFAs being recognized as a crucial element in the occurrence of ferroptosis. This prompts us to investigate the impact of the APOM gene on the progression of liver cancer through the ferroptosis pathway and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. The findings of this study indicate that the liver cancer cell model, which was genetically modified to overexpress the APOM gene, demonstrated a heightened ferroptosis effect. Moreover, the observed inhibition of the GSH (Glutathione) - GPX4 (Glutathione Peroxidase 4) regulatory axis suggests that the role of this axis in inhibiting ferroptosis is weakened. Through intersection screening and validation, we found that Mucin 1,cell surface associated (MUC1) can inhibit ferroptosis and is regulated by the APOM gene. Bioinformatics analysis and screening identified miR-4489 as a mediator between the two. Experimental results using the dual luciferase reporter gene confirmed that has-miR-4489 targets MUC1's 3'-UTR and inhibits its expression. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the APOM gene induces a down-regulation in the expression of the ferroptosis-inhibiting gene MUC1, mediated by miR-4489, thereby impeding the advancement of liver cancer cells through the facilitation of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Mengyu Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Rong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Jingtong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Ruixi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Mengru Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Lizhuo Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Wenjun Pei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
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165
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Vigneau J, Martinho C, Godfroy O, Zheng M, Haas FB, Borg M, Coelho SM. Interactions between U and V sex chromosomes during the life cycle of Ectocarpus. Development 2024; 151:dev202677. [PMID: 38512707 PMCID: PMC11057875 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In many animals and flowering plants, sex determination occurs in the diploid phase of the life cycle with XX/XY or ZW/ZZ sex chromosomes. However, in early diverging plants and most macroalgae, sex is determined by female (U) or male (V) sex chromosomes in a haploid phase called the gametophyte. Once the U and V chromosomes unite at fertilization to produce a diploid sporophyte, sex determination no longer occurs, raising key questions about the fate of the U and V sex chromosomes in the sporophyte phase. Here, we investigate genetic and molecular interactions of the UV sex chromosomes in both the haploid and diploid phases of the brown alga Ectocarpus. We reveal extensive developmental regulation of sex chromosome genes across its life cycle and implicate the TALE-HD transcription factor OUROBOROS in suppressing sex determination in the diploid phase. Small RNAs may also play a role in the repression of a female sex-linked gene, and transition to the diploid sporophyte coincides with major reconfiguration of histone H3K79me2, suggesting a more intricate role for this histone mark in Ectocarpus development than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olivier Godfroy
- Roscoff Biological Station, CNRS-Sorbonne University, Place Georges Teissier, Roscoff 29680, France
| | - Min Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabian B. Haas
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Borg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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166
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Leclercq J, Torres-Paz J, Policarpo M, Agnès F, Rétaux S. Evolution of the regulation of developmental gene expression in blind Mexican cavefish. Development 2024; 151:dev202610. [PMID: 39007346 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Developmental evolution and diversification of morphology can arise through changes in the regulation of gene expression or protein-coding sequence. To unravel mechanisms underlying early developmental evolution in cavefish of the species Astyanax mexicanus, we compared transcriptomes of surface-dwelling and blind cave-adapted morphs at the end of gastrulation. Twenty percent of the transcriptome was differentially expressed. Allelic expression ratios in cave X surface hybrids showed that cis-regulatory changes are the quasi-exclusive contributors to inter-morph variations in gene expression. Among a list of 108 genes with change at the cis-regulatory level, we explored the control of expression of rx3, which is a master eye gene. We discovered that cellular rx3 levels are cis-regulated in a cell-autonomous manner, whereas rx3 domain size depends on non-autonomous Wnt and Bmp signalling. These results highlight how uncoupled mechanisms and regulatory modules control developmental gene expression and shape morphological changes. Finally, a transcriptome-wide search for fixed coding mutations and differential exon use suggested that variations in coding sequence have a minor contribution. Thus, during early embryogenesis, changes in gene expression regulation are the main drivers of cavefish developmental evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Leclercq
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS and University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Jorge Torres-Paz
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS and University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Maxime Policarpo
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS and University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - François Agnès
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS and University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Sylvie Rétaux
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS and University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
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167
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Lin Z, Cai Z, Li L, Wei Y, Ling Q. c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/P53 signaling mediates intrinsic apoptosis of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) hepatocytes under heat stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174664. [PMID: 38997017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The increasing frequency of high-temperature extremes threatens largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, a significant fish for freshwater ecosystems and aquaculture. Our previous studies at the transcript level suggested that heat stress induces hepatic apoptosis in largemouth bass. In the current study, we sought to validate these findings and further investigate the role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/P53 signaling in hepatic apoptosis under heat stress. First, heat treatments were conducted in vivo and in vitro under different temperatures: 28 °C, 32 °C, and 37 °C. In primary hepatocytes subjected to heat treatment, cell viability was evaluated via the Cell Counting Kit-8, while mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear morphology were assessed through JC-1 and Hoechst 33258 staining, respectively. We observed reductions in both cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), along with alterations in nuclear morphology, in primary hepatocytes exposed to heat stress at temperatures of 32 °C and 37 °C. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed significant alterations in the expression profiles of intrinsic apoptosis-related genes within liver tissues under heat stress. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that JNK1 signaling increased as the temperature increased, JNK2 expression increased only at 37 °C, and JNK3 expression did not change with temperature. We speculate that JNK1 and JNK2 have pro- and anti-apoptotic effects, respectively. Western blot analysis conducted on cultured hepatocytes further validated these findings. JNK inhibition reduced hepatocyte apoptosis, improved nuclear morphology, and maintained ΔΨm even after 37 °C treatment. These results not only confirm that heat stress led to intrinsic apoptosis of hepatocytes but also indicated that JNK1 could mediate P53 expression and activate caspase-dependent intrinsic apoptosis in largemouth bass hepatocytes under such conditions. This study illuminates the physiological responses of largemouth bass to acute heat stress, offering valuable insights into the potential impacts of climate change on freshwater fishes and the sustainability of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Lin
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Zhiying Cai
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Lingling Li
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Yekai Wei
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Qufei Ling
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 215000, China.
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168
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Rutowicz K, Lüthi J, de Groot R, Holtackers R, Yakimovich Y, Pazmiño DM, Gandrillon O, Pelkmans L, Baroux C. Multiscale chromatin dynamics and high entropy in plant iPSC ancestors. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261703. [PMID: 38738286 PMCID: PMC11234377 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant protoplasts provide starting material for of inducing pluripotent cell masses that are competent for tissue regeneration in vitro, analogous to animal induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Dedifferentiation is associated with large-scale chromatin reorganisation and massive transcriptome reprogramming, characterised by stochastic gene expression. How this cellular variability reflects on chromatin organisation in individual cells and what factors influence chromatin transitions during culturing are largely unknown. Here, we used high-throughput imaging and a custom supervised image analysis protocol extracting over 100 chromatin features of cultured protoplasts. The analysis revealed rapid, multiscale dynamics of chromatin patterns with a trajectory that strongly depended on nutrient availability. Decreased abundance in H1 (linker histones) is hallmark of chromatin transitions. We measured a high heterogeneity of chromatin patterns indicating intrinsic entropy as a hallmark of the initial cultures. We further measured an entropy decline over time, and an antagonistic influence by external and intrinsic factors, such as phytohormones and epigenetic modifiers, respectively. Collectively, our study benchmarks an approach to understand the variability and evolution of chromatin patterns underlying plant cell reprogramming in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Rutowicz
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joel Lüthi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinoud de Groot
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Holtackers
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yauhen Yakimovich
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diana M. Pazmiño
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Gandrillon
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, University of Lyon, ENS de Lyon,69342 Lyon, France
| | - Lucas Pelkmans
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Célia Baroux
- Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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169
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Lu J, Zhu P, Zhang X, Zeng L, Xu B, Zhou P. tRNA-derived fragments: Unveiling new roles and molecular mechanisms in cancer progression. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:1347-1360. [PMID: 38867475 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are novel small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) that range from approximately 14 to 50 nt. They are generated by the cleavage of mature tRNAs or precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs) at specific sites. Based on their origin and length, tRFs can be classified into three categories: (1) tRF-1 s; (2) tRF-3 s, tRF-5 s, and internal tRFs (i-tRFs); and (3) tRNA halves. They play important roles in stress response, signal transduction, and gene expression processes. Recent studies have identified differential expression of tRFs in various tumors. Aberrantly expressed tRFs have critical clinical value and show promise as new biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis and as therapeutic targets. tRFs regulate the malignant progression of tumors via various mechanisms, primarily including modulation of noncoding RNA biogenesis, global chromatin organization, gene expression regulation, modulation of protein translation, regulation of epigenetic modification, and alternative splicing regulation. In conclusion, tRF-mediated regulatory pathways could present new avenues for tumor treatment, and tRFs could serve as promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Oncology Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Linzi Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bujie Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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170
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Zheng X, Zhu H, Zhao X, Wang J, Li Q, Zhao X. Emerging affinity methods for protein-drug interaction analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 249:116371. [PMID: 39047466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The study of protein-drug interaction plays a crucial role in understanding drug mechanisms, identifying new drug targets and biomarkers, and facilitating drug development and disease treatment. In recent years, significant progress has been made in various protein-drug interaction research methods due to the rapid development and in-depth application of mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, and other technologies. The progress has enhanced the sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and applicability of analytical methods, enabling the establishment of drug-protein interaction networks. This review discusses various emerging research methods, such as native mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and spectrum, biosensor technologies employing surface enhanced Raman, electrochemistry, and magneto resistive signals, as well as affinity magnetic levitation and affinity chromatography. The article also delves into the principles, applications, advantages, and limitations of these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Huiting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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171
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Bai Y, Lv YN, Zeng M, Yan ZY, Huang DY, Wen JZ, Lu HN, Zhang PY, Wang YF, Ban N, Yuan DW, Li S, Luan YX. E93 is indispensable for reproduction in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. Development 2024; 151:dev202518. [PMID: 38646855 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93), known as the 'adult-specifier' transcription factor in insects, triggers metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. Although E93 is conserved in ametabolous insects, its spatiotemporal expression and physiological function remain poorly understood. In this study, we first discover that, in the ametabolous firebrat Thermobia domestica, the previtellogenic ovary exhibits cyclically high E93 expression, and E93 mRNA is broadly distributed in previtellogenic ovarioles. E93 homozygous mutant females of T. domestica exhibit severe fecundity deficiency due to impaired previtellogenic development of the ovarian follicles, likely because E93 induces the expression of genes involved in ECM (extracellular matrix)-receptor interactions during previtellogenesis. Moreover, we reveal that in the hemimetabolous cockroach Blattella germanica, E93 similarly promotes previtellogenic ovarian development. In addition, E93 is also essential for vitellogenesis that is necessary to guarantee ovarian maturation and promotes the vitellogenesis-previtellogenesis switch in the fat body of adult female cockroaches. Our findings deepen the understanding of the roles of E93 in controlling reproduction in insects, and of E93 expression and functional evolution, which are proposed to have made crucial contributions to the origin of insect metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
| | - Ya-Nan Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zi-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dan-Yan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jia-Zhen Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hu-Na Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Pei-Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ning Ban
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dong-Wei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
| | - Yun-Xia Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514000, China
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172
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Satué K, Fazio E, Velasco-Martinez MG, La Fauci D, Barbiera G, Medica P, Cravana C. Can the reduced GH, IGF-1, and ovarian steroids concentrations be considered as suspected biomarkers of age-associated functional deficit in mares? Theriogenology 2024; 228:75-80. [PMID: 39098123 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In humans' and experimental animals' components of the somatotropic axis, such as growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations, decrease with advancing age. Although there is evidence regarding IGF-1, the effect of age on GH in mares, as well as the relationships between both parameters, have not yet been elucidated. On the other hand, although GH and IGF-1 are related to follicular development, it is unknown if they could be correlated with the circulating concentrations of ovarian steroids in mares, as occurs in other species. The hypothesis of this study was that both GH and IGF-1 could experience physiological changes with advancing age also in mares, and that both GH/IGF-1 could be correlated with oestradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4), as recorded for other species. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of GH, IGF-1, E2, and P4 in mares, according to the different ages. Blood samples were drawn from 56 healthy cyclic Spanish Purebred mares belonging to four different age groups: 6-9 years, 10-13 years, 14-16 years and >16 years. Mares aged 6-9 years and 10-13 years showed higher GH concentrations (P < 0.05) than mares of 14-16 and >16 years; and mares aged 14-16 showed higher GH concentrations (P < 0.05) than >16 years (P < 0.05). Mares aged >16 years showed lower IGF-1 concentrations (P < 0.05) than mares of 6-9, 10-13 and 14-16 years (P < 0.05). The concentrations of E2 and P4 showed no significant differences among different age groups. Both GH and IGF-1 were not correlated with each other or with E2 and P4. The concentrations of E2 and P4 did not change with age. Advancing age leads to a decrease in the activity of the somatotropic axis in physiological cyclic mares, represented by a significant GH reduction, which, however, was ascribed for IGF-1 exclusively to mares over 16 years of age, without alterations in steroid hormone patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska Satué
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Esterina Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Via Palatucci 13, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Gemma Velasco-Martinez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah La Fauci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Via Palatucci 13, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuliana Barbiera
- Pharmaceutical and Chemical Technician, 98168, Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Medica
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Via Palatucci 13, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Cravana
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Via Palatucci 13, 98168, Messina, Italy
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173
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Kristiansson A, Ceberg C, Bjartell A, Ceder J, Timmermand OV. Investigating Ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC) and Ki67 expression following external beam radiation therapy show increased RhoC expression in relapsing prostate cancer xenografts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 728:150324. [PMID: 38968772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC) is a GTPase involved in cell migration, implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and treatment resistance and metastasis of cancer. For example, RhoC has been shown to be involved in resistance to radiation in cervical carcinoma. Here, the effect of X-ray irradiation on RhoC expression in prostate cancer (PCa) xenografts was investigated in both xenografts in regression and relapse. Male BALB/cAnNRj-Foxn1nu/nu mice were inoculated with 4-6 million LNCaP-FGC cells and established xenografts were irradiated with X-rays (200 kV, 1 Gymin-1), 5, 10 or 15 Gy using a Gulmay Medical X-ray system. Expression of RhoC and Ki67, a known proliferation marker, was investigated in xenografts, given 15 Gy, 7 days (midst response as measured by size) or 3 weeks (relapse) post irradiation. Staining was quantified using the Halo software (v2.3.2089.34) with the Indica Labs - cytonuclear v1.6 algorithm. RhoC and Ki67 staining was divided into weak, medium, and strong staining and the percentage of cells stained, single and dual staining, was quantified. The HALO software was further used to classify the tissue in each section so that analysis of RhoC and Ki67 expression in cancer cells, stroma and necrotic areas could be done separately. The results showed that RhoC expression in cancer and stroma cells was significantly higher in relapsed xenografts than in those in regression. This was not seen for Ki67 staining, where the percentage of stained cells were the same in regressing and relapsing tumors. RhoC could be a useful biomarker to confirm relapse following external beam radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Kristiansson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and pathology, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section for Pediatrics, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Crister Ceberg
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Bjartell
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Urological Cancers, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jens Ceder
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and pathology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and pathology, Lund, Sweden.
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174
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Shin B, Chang SJ, MacNabb BW, Rothenberg EV. Transcriptional network dynamics in early T cell development. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230893. [PMID: 39167073 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The rate at which cells enter the T cell pathway depends not only on the immigration of hematopoietic precursors into the strong Notch signaling environment of the thymus but also on the kinetics with which each individual precursor cell reaches T-lineage commitment once it arrives. Notch triggers a complex, multistep gene regulatory network in the cells in which the steps are stereotyped but the transition speeds between steps are variable. Progenitor-associated transcription factors delay T-lineage differentiation even while Notch-induced transcription factors within the same cells push differentiation forward. Progress depends on regulator cross-repression, on breaching chromatin barriers, and on shifting, competitive collaborations between stage-specific and stably expressed transcription factors, as reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Shin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Samantha J Chang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Brendan W MacNabb
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ellen V Rothenberg
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA, USA
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175
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Riggs CL, Kedersha N, Amarsanaa M, Zubair SN, Ivanov P, Anderson P. UBAP2L contributes to formation of P-bodies and modulates their association with stress granules. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307146. [PMID: 39007803 PMCID: PMC11248227 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress triggers the formation of two distinct cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates: stress granules (SGs) and processing bodies (PBs), both of which may contribute to stress-responsive translation regulation. Though PBs can be present constitutively, stress can increase their number and size and lead to their interaction with stress-induced SGs. The mechanism of such interaction, however, is largely unknown. Formation of canonical SGs requires the RNA binding protein Ubiquitin-Associated Protein 2-Like (UBAP2L), which is a central SG node protein in the RNA-protein interaction network of SGs and PBs. UBAP2L binds to the essential SG and PB proteins G3BP and DDX6, respectively. Research on UBAP2L has mostly focused on its role in SGs, but not its connection to PBs. We find that UBAP2L is not solely an SG protein but also localizes to PBs in certain conditions, contributes to PB biogenesis and SG-PB interactions, and can nucleate hybrid granules containing SG and PB components in cells. These findings inform a new model for SG and PB formation in the context of UBAP2L's role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Riggs
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Kedersha
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Misheel Amarsanaa
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Safiyah Noor Zubair
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavel Ivanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Anderson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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176
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McKimpson WM, Spiegel S, Mukhanova M, Kraakman M, Du W, Kitamoto T, Yu J, Deng Z, Pajvani U, Accili D. Calorie restriction activates a gastric Notch-FOXO1 pathway to expand ghrelin cells. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305093. [PMID: 38958606 PMCID: PMC11222742 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction increases lifespan. Among the tissue-specific protective effects of calorie restriction, the impact on the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. We report increased numbers of chromogranin A-positive (+), including orexigenic ghrelin+ cells, in the stomach of calorie-restricted mice. This effect was accompanied by increased Notch target Hes1 and Notch ligand Jag1 and was reversed by blocking Notch with DAPT, a gamma-secretase inhibitor. Primary cultures and genetically modified reporter mice show that increased endocrine cell abundance is due to altered Lgr5+ stem and Neurog3+ endocrine progenitor cell proliferation. Different from the intestine, calorie restriction decreased gastric Lgr5+ stem cells, while increasing a FOXO1/Neurog3+ subpopulation of endocrine progenitors in a Notch-dependent manner. Further, activation of FOXO1 was sufficient to promote endocrine cell differentiation independent of Notch. The Notch inhibitor PF-03084014 or ghrelin receptor antagonist GHRP-6 reversed the phenotypic effects of calorie restriction in mice. Tirzepatide additionally expanded ghrelin+ cells in mice. In summary, calorie restriction promotes Notch-dependent, FOXO1-regulated gastric endocrine cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M. McKimpson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophia Spiegel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Mukhanova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kraakman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhaobin Deng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Utpal Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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177
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Salvador-Garcia D, Jin L, Hensley A, Gölcük M, Gallaud E, Chaaban S, Port F, Vagnoni A, Planelles-Herrero VJ, McClintock MA, Derivery E, Carter AP, Giet R, Gür M, Yildiz A, Bullock SL. A force-sensitive mutation reveals a non-canonical role for dynein in anaphase progression. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310022. [PMID: 38949648 PMCID: PMC11215527 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The diverse roles of the dynein motor in shaping microtubule networks and cargo transport complicate in vivo analysis of its functions significantly. To address this issue, we have generated a series of missense mutations in Drosophila Dynein heavy chain. We show that mutations associated with human neurological disease cause a range of defects, including impaired cargo trafficking in neurons. We also describe a novel microtubule-binding domain mutation that specifically blocks the metaphase-anaphase transition during mitosis in the embryo. This effect is independent from dynein's canonical role in silencing the spindle assembly checkpoint. Optical trapping of purified dynein complexes reveals that this mutation only compromises motor performance under load, a finding rationalized by the results of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. We propose that dynein has a novel function in anaphase progression that depends on it operating in a specific load regime. More broadly, our work illustrates how in vivo functions of motors can be dissected by manipulating their mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Salvador-Garcia
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Li Jin
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Hensley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mert Gölcük
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emmanuel Gallaud
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sami Chaaban
- Structural Studies Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fillip Port
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alessio Vagnoni
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Mark A. McClintock
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emmanuel Derivery
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P. Carter
- Structural Studies Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Régis Giet
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Mert Gür
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ahmet Yildiz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Simon L. Bullock
- Cell Biology Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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178
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Park K, Garde A, Thendral SB, Soh AW, Chi Q, Sherwood DR. De novo lipid synthesis and polarized prenylation drive cell invasion through basement membrane. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202402035. [PMID: 39007804 PMCID: PMC11248228 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202402035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To breach the basement membrane, cells in development and cancer use large, transient, specialized lipid-rich membrane protrusions. Using live imaging, endogenous protein tagging, and cell-specific RNAi during Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell (AC) invasion, we demonstrate that the lipogenic SREBP transcription factor SBP-1 drives the expression of the fatty acid synthesis enzymes POD-2 and FASN-1 prior to invasion. We show that phospholipid-producing LPIN-1 and sphingomyelin synthase SMS-1, which use fatty acids as substrates, produce lysosome stores that build the AC's invasive protrusion, and that SMS-1 also promotes protrusion localization of the lipid raft partitioning ZMP-1 matrix metalloproteinase. Finally, we discover that HMG-CoA reductase HMGR-1, which generates isoprenoids for prenylation, localizes to the ER and enriches in peroxisomes at the AC invasive front, and that the final transmembrane prenylation enzyme, ICMT-1, localizes to endoplasmic reticulum exit sites that dynamically polarize to deliver prenylated GTPases for protrusion formation. Together, these results reveal a collaboration between lipogenesis and a polarized lipid prenylation system that drives invasive protrusion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieop Park
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aastha Garde
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Adam W.J. Soh
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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179
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Angelis N, Baulies A, Hubl F, Kucharska A, Kelly G, Llorian M, Boeing S, Li VSW. Loss of ARID3A perturbs intestinal epithelial proliferation-differentiation ratio and regeneration. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232279. [PMID: 39150450 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells at the crypt divide and give rise to progenitor cells that proliferate and differentiate into various mature cell types in the transit-amplifying (TA) zone. Here, we showed that the transcription factor ARID3A regulates intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation at the TA progenitors. ARID3A forms an expression gradient from the villus tip to the upper crypt mediated by TGF-β and WNT. Intestinal-specific deletion of Arid3a reduces crypt proliferation, predominantly in TA cells. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis shows increased enterocyte and reduced secretory differentiation in the Arid3a cKO intestine, accompanied by enriched upper-villus gene signatures of both cell lineages. We find that the enhanced epithelial differentiation in the Arid3a-deficient intestine is caused by increased binding and transcription of HNF1 and HNF4. Finally, we show that loss of Arid3a impairs irradiation-induced regeneration with sustained cell death and reprogramming. Our findings imply that Arid3a functions to fine-tune the proliferation-differentiation dynamics at the TA progenitors, which are essential for injury-induced regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Angelis
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Anna Baulies
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Florian Hubl
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Anna Kucharska
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Miriam Llorian
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Stefan Boeing
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Vivian S W Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
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180
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Ott CM, Constable S, Nguyen TM, White K, Lee WCA, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Mukhopadhyay S. Permanent deconstruction of intracellular primary cilia in differentiating granule cell neurons. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202404038. [PMID: 39137043 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202404038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia on granule cell neuron progenitors in the developing cerebellum detect sonic hedgehog to facilitate proliferation. Following differentiation, cerebellar granule cells become the most abundant neuronal cell type in the brain. While granule cell cilia are essential during early developmental stages, they become infrequent upon maturation. Here, we provide nanoscopic resolution of cilia in situ using large-scale electron microscopy volumes and immunostaining of mouse cerebella. In many granule cells, we found intracellular cilia, concealed from the external environment. Cilia were disassembled in differentiating granule cell neurons-in a process we call cilia deconstruction-distinct from premitotic cilia resorption in proliferating progenitors. In differentiating granule cells, cilia deconstruction involved unique disassembly intermediates, and, as maturation progressed, mother centriolar docking at the plasma membrane. Unlike ciliated neurons in other brain regions, our results show the deconstruction of concealed cilia in differentiating granule cells, which might prevent mitogenic hedgehog responsiveness. Ciliary deconstruction could be paradigmatic of cilia removal during differentiation in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Ott
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Sandii Constable
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tri M Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin White
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei-Chung Allen Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Saikat Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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181
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Han X, Li L, Xie J, Lei Q, Li Y, Liu H, Sun H, Zhang X, Gou X. Vitexin promotes the anti-senescence effect via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 in D-Galactose-induced progeria mice and stress-induced premature senescence. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176865. [PMID: 39084453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Vitexin is a natural flavonoid glycoside compound extracted from the leaves and seeds of Vitex negundo. It is widely distributed in the leaves and stems of numerous plants and exhibites remarkable anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hypertensive properties. However, whether vitexin presents the anti-aging and senescence prevention effect has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vitexin on progeria mice and cellular senescence, as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. To generate a premature aging/senescence model in vivo and in vitro, we used D-galactose (D-gal), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and adriamycin (ADR), respectively. Our findings demonstrated that vitexin potentially delays D-gal-induced progeria mice; similar effects were observed in stress-induced premature senescent fibroblasts in culture. Interestingly, this effect of vitexin is closely correlated with the reduction of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and the inhibition of the SASP-related JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, we determined that vitexin meets the pharmacological parameters using the freely available ADMET web tool. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that vitexin possesses anti-senescence and anti-aging properties due to the inhibition of SASP and suppression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China; Engineering Research Center of Brain Diseases Drug Development, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Lu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiamei Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Qing Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China; Engineering Research Center of Brain Diseases Drug Development, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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Li N, Liu YH, Wu J, Liu QG, Niu JB, Zhang Y, Fu XJ, Song J, Zhang SY. Strategies that regulate Hippo signaling pathway for novel anticancer therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116694. [PMID: 39047607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
As a highly conserved signaling network across different species, the Hippo pathway is involved in various biological processes. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway could lead to a wide range of diseases, particularly cancers. Extensive researches have demonstrated the close association between dysregulated Hippo signaling and tumorigenesis as well as tumor progression. Consequently, targeting the Hippo pathway has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In fact, there has been an increasing number of reports on small molecules that target the Hippo pathway, exhibiting therapeutic potential as anticancer agents. Importantly, some of Hippo signaling pathway inhibitors have been approved for the clinical trials. In this work, we try to provide an overview of the core components and signal transduction mechanisms of the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, we also analyze the relationship between Hippo signaling pathway and cancers, as well as summarize the small molecules with proven anti-tumor effects in clinical trials or reported in literatures. Additionally, we discuss the anti-tumor potency and structure-activity relationship of the small molecule compounds, providing a valuable insight for further development of anticancer agents against this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yun-He Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ji Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiu-Ge Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jin-Bo Niu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiang-Jing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jian Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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183
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Luo X, Ni X, Zhi J, Jiang X, Bai R. Small molecule agents against alopecia: Potential targets and related pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116666. [PMID: 39002436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Alopecia has emerged as a global concern, extending beyond the middle-aged and elderly population and increasingly affecting younger individuals. Despite its growing prevalence, the treatment options and effective drugs for alopecia remain limited due to the incomplete understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the pathogenesis of alopecia and discover novel and safer therapeutic agents. This review provided an overview of the prevailing clinical disorders of alopecia, and the key pathways and targets involved in hair growth process. Additionally, it discusses FDA-approved drugs and clinical candidates for the treatment of alopecia, and explores small molecule compounds with anti-alopecia potential in the drug discovery phase. These endeavors are expected to provide researchers with valuable scientific insights and practical information for anti-alopecia drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Xinhua Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Jia Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China.
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Lan T, He S, Luo X, Pi Z, Lai W, Jiang C, Gan J, Wei S, Wu Z, Yun C, Leng J, Li C. Disruption of NADPH homeostasis by total flavonoids from Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves triggers ROS-dependent p53 activation leading to apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118340. [PMID: 38762212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves serve as a herbal tea and hold a significant role in traditional Chinese medicine, being applied to assist in tumor treatment. Flavonoids present the primary bioactive constituents in Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential of total flavonoids from Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li Leaves (TFAN) in inhibiting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human NSCLC cell lines and normal lung cell line were employed to assess the impact of TFAN (0-160 μg/mL for 24, 28 and 72 h) on cell proliferation in vitro. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining gauged p53 expression changes in NSCLC cells under TFAN present condition (150 μg/mL for 24 h). In vivo study utilized NSCLC cell derived xenograft tumors in nude mice, administering TFAN orally (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 14 days. Immunohistochemistry assessed Cleaved Caspase 3 expression change in A549 xenograft tumors treated with TFAN (400 mg/kg for 14 days). RNA-seq and KEGG analysis identified gene expression changes and enriched processes in A549 xenograft tumors treated with TFAN. CM-H2DCFDA and metabolomics assessed ROS level and GSH/GSSG pool changes in A549 cells under TFAN present condition. Cell viability assay and IF staining assessed A549 cell proliferation and p53 expression changes under H2O2-induced oxidative stress (0-40 μM for 24 h) and TFAN present conditions. GSEA and N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) rescue (0-1 μM for 24 h) analyzed the impact of TFAN on GSH de novo synthesis. NADPH/NADP+ pool measurement and NADPH rescue (0-10 μM for 24 h) analyzed the impact of TFAN on GSH salvage synthesis. GC-FID and HPLC-MS were utilized to detect ethanol and ethyl acetate residues, and to characterize the chemical constituents in TFAN, respectively. The total flavonoid content of TFAN was determined using a 330 nm wavelength. RESULTS TFAN significantly inhibited A549 cells (wild-type p53) but not NCI-H1299 cells (p53-deficient), NCI-H596 cells (p53-mutant) or BEAS-2B in vitro. IF staining validated p53 genotype for the cell lines and revealed an increase in p53 expression in A549 cells after TFAN treatment. In vivo, TFAN selectively inhibited A549 xenograft tumor growth without discernible toxicity, inducing apoptosis evidenced by Cleaved Caspase 3 upregulation. RNA-seq and KEGG analysis suggested ROS biosynthesis was involved in TFAN-induced p53 activation in A549 cells. Elevated ROS level in TFAN-treated A549 cells were observed. Moreover, TFAN sensitized A549 cells to H2O2-induced oxidative stress, with higher p53 expression. Additionally, A549 cells compensated with GSH de novo synthesis under TFAN present condition, confirmed by GSEA and NAC rescue experiment. TFAN disrupted NADPH homeostasis to impair GSH salvage biosynthesis, supported by NADPH/NADP+ change and NADPH rescue experiment. The chemical constituents of TFAN, with acceptable limits for ethanol and ethyl acetate residues and a total flavonoid content of 68.87%, included Catechin, Epicatechin, Quercitroside, Camellianin A, and Apigenin. CONCLUSION The disruption of NADPH homeostasis by TFAN triggers ROS-dependent p53 activation that leads to apoptotic cell death, ultimately suppressing NSCLC growth. These findings offer potential therapeutic implications of Adinandra nitida Merr. ex Li leaves in combating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijin Lan
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Songhua He
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xuefei Luo
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhenyu Pi
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Weihui Lai
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jun Gan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Suyun Wei
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhanshuai Wu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Chenxia Yun
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Jing Leng
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Translational Medicine of Guangxi High Incidence Infectious Diseases, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Changlong Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Xiong X, Li X, Zhang S, Hu Z, Liu T, Qiu Z, Cao J, Huang L, Yan C. Identification and fine mapping of Brmmd1 gene controlling recessive genic male sterility in Brassica rapa L. Gene 2024; 924:148558. [PMID: 38740353 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) provides an effective approach for the commercial exploitation of heterosis, especially in Brassica crops. Although some artificial RGMS mutants have been reported in B. rapa, no causal genes derived from these natural mutants have been identified so far. In this study, a spontaneous RGMS mutant Bcajh97-01A derived from the 'Aijiaohuang' line traced back to the 1980 s was identified. Genetic analysis revealed that the RGMS trait was controlled by a single locus in the Bcajh97-01A/B system. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) in combination with linkage analysis was employed to delimit the causal gene to an approximate 129 kb interval on chromosome A02. The integrated information of transcriptional levels and the predicted genes in the target region indicated that the Brmmd1 (BraA02g017420) encoding a PHD-containing nuclear protein was the most likely candidate gene. A 374 bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) was inserted into the first exon to prematurely stop the Brmmd1 gene translation, thus blocking the normal expression of this gene at the tetrad stage in the Bcajh97-01A. Additionally, a co-segregating structure variation (SV) marker was developed to rapidly screen the RGMS progenies from Bcajh97-01A/B system. Our findings reveal that BraA02g017420 is the causal gene responsible for the RGMS trait. This study lays a foundation for marker-assisted selection and further molecular mechanism exploration of pollen development in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Xiong
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Hangzhou 311251, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengming Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashu Cao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenghuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Ecological Cultivation On Highland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Zhou K, Wang L, Qin Q, Liu H, Qin L, Yang M, Yuan L, Liu C. Aging in chronic lung disease: Will anti-aging therapy be the key to the cure? Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176846. [PMID: 39067566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Chronic lung disease is the third leading cause of death globally, imposing huge burden of death, disability and healthcare costs. However, traditional pharmacotherapy has relatively limited effects in improving the cure rate and reducing the mortality of chronic lung disease. Thus, new treatments are urgently needed for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease. It is particularly noteworthy that, multiple aging-related phenotypes were involved in the occurrence and development of chronic lung disease, such as blocked proliferation, telomere attrition, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, altered nutrient perception, stem cell exhaustion, chronic inflammation, etc. Consequently, senescent cells induce a series of pathological changes in the lung, such as immune dysfunction, airway remodeling, oxidative stress and regenerative dysfunction, which is a critical issue that needs special attention in chronic lung diseases. Therefore, anti-aging interventions may bring new insights into the treatment of chronic lung diseases. In this review, we elaborate the involvement of aging in chronic lung disease and further discuss the application and prospects of anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Qiuyan Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China.
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China.
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Ferdoush J, Kadir RA, Ogle M, Saha A. Regulation of eukaryotic transcription initiation in response to cellular stress. Gene 2024; 924:148616. [PMID: 38795856 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Transcription initiation is a vital step in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. It can be dysregulated in response to various cellular stressors which is associated with numerous human diseases including cancer. Transcription initiation is facilitated via many gene-specific trans-regulatory elements such as transcription factors, activators, and coactivators through their interactions with transcription pre-initiation complex (PIC). These trans-regulatory elements can uniquely facilitate PIC formation (hence, transcription initiation) in response to cellular nutrient stress. Cellular nutrient stress also regulates the activity of other pathways such as target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway. TOR pathway exhibits distinct regulatory mechanisms of transcriptional activation in response to stress. Like TOR pathway, the cell cycle regulatory pathway is also found to be linked to transcriptional regulation in response to cellular stress. Several transcription factors such as p53, C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6α), E2F, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), SMAD, and MYC have been implicated in regulation of transcription of target genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair pathways. Additionally, cellular metabolic and oxidative stressors have been found to regulate the activity of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). LncRNA regulates transcription by upregulating or downregulating the transcription regulatory proteins involved in metabolic and cell signaling pathways. Numerous human diseases, triggered by chronic cellular stressors, are associated with abnormal regulation of transcription. Hence, understanding these mechanisms would help unravel the molecular regulatory insights with potential therapeutic interventions. Therefore, here we emphasize the recent advances of regulation of eukaryotic transcription initiation in response to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdoush
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA.
| | - Rizwaan Abdul Kadir
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Matthew Ogle
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Ayan Saha
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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Tan J, Wang Z, Huang Z, Huang A, Zhang H, Huang L, Song N, Xin G, Jiang K, Sun X. Glutamine maintains the stability of alveolar structure and function after lung transplantation by inhibiting autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150308. [PMID: 38968769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Excessive autophagy may lead to degradation and damage of alveolar epithelial cells after lung transplantation, eventually leading to alveolar epithelial cell loss, affecting the structural integrity and function of alveoli. Glutamine (Gln), a nutritional supplement, regulates autophagy through multiple signaling pathways. In this study, we explored the protective role of Gln on alveolar epithelial cells by inhibiting autophagy. In vivo, a rat orthotopic lung transplant model was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic effect of glutamine. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced alveolar collapse, edema, epithelial cell apoptosis, and inflammation, which led to a reduction of alveolar physiological function, such as an increase in peak airway pressure, and a decrease in lung compliance and oxygenation index. In comparison, Gln preserved alveolar structure and function by reducing alveolar apoptosis, inflammation, and edema. In vitro, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model was performed to simulate IR injury on mouse lung epithelial (MLE) cells and human lung bronchus epithelial (Beas-2B) cells. H/R impaired the proliferation of epithelial cells and triggered cell apoptosis. In contrast, Gln normalized cell proliferation and suppressed I/R-induced cell apoptosis. The activation of mTOR and the downregulation of autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Atg5, Beclin1) were observed in Gln-treated lung tissues and alveolar epithelial cells. Both in vivo and in vitro, rapamycin, a classical mTOR inhibitor, reversed the beneficial effects of Gln on alveolar structure and function. Taken together, Glnpreserved alveolar structure and function after lung transplantation by inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhaokai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ai Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Naicheng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gaojie Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiangfu Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Fujii C, Zorumski CF, Izumi Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, neuroinflammation, and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2202-2211. [PMID: 38488553 PMCID: PMC11034583 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles F. Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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190
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Smith M, Lesperance M, Herrmann A, Vernooy S, Cherian A, Kivlehan E, Whipple L, Portman DS, Mason DA. Two C. elegans DM domain proteins, DMD-3 and MAB-3, function in late stages of male somatic gonad development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:50-65. [PMID: 38880276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
To bring about sexual dimorphism in form, information from the sex determination pathway must trigger sex-specific modifications in developmental programs. DM-domain encoding genes have been found to be involved in sex determination in a multitude of animals, often at the level of male somatic gonad formation. Here we report our findings that the DM-domain transcription factors MAB-3 and DMD-3 function together in multiple steps during the late stages of C. elegans male somatic gonad development. Both mab-3 and dmd-3 are expressed in the linker cell and hindgut of L4 males and dmd-3 is also expressed in presumptive vas deferens cells. Furthermore, dmd-3, but not mab-3, expression in the linker cell is downstream of nhr-67, a nuclear hormone receptor that was previously shown to control late stages of linker cell migration. In mab-3; dmd-3 double mutant males, the last stage of linker cell migration is partially defective, resulting in aberrant linker cell shapes and often a failure of the linker cell to complete its migration to the hindgut. When mab-3; dmd-3 double mutant linker cells do complete their migration, they fail to be engulfed by the hindgut, indicating that dmd-3 and mab-3 activity are essential for this process. Furthermore, linker cell death and clearance are delayed in mab-3; dmd-3 double mutants, resulting in the linker cell persisting into adulthood. Finally, DMD-3 and MAB-3 function to activate expression of the bZIP transcription factor encoding gene zip-5 and downregulate the expression of the zinc metalloprotease ZMP-1 in the linker cell. Taken together, these results demonstrate a requirement for DM-domain transcription factors in controlling C. elegans male gonad formation, supporting the notion that the earliest DM-domain genes were involved in male somatic gonad development in the last common ancestor of the bilaterians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Smith
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | | | - Alyssa Herrmann
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | | | - Asher Cherian
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Emily Kivlehan
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Lauren Whipple
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Douglas S Portman
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - D Adam Mason
- Biology Department, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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191
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Nelson TA, Tommasini S, Fretz JA. Deletion of the transcription factor EBF1 in perivascular stroma disrupts skeletal homeostasis and precipitates premature aging of the marrow microenvironment. Bone 2024; 187:117198. [PMID: 39002837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor expressed by multiple lineages of stromal cells within the bone marrow. While cultures of Ebf1-deficient cells have been demonstrated to have impaired differentiation into either the osteoblast or adipogenic lineage in vitro by several groups, in vivo there has been a nominal consequence of the loss of EBF1 on skeletal development. In this study we used Prx-cre driven deletion of Ebf1 to eliminate EBF1 from the entire mesenchymal lineage of the skeleton and resolve this discrepancy. We report here that EBF1 is expressed primarily in the Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cell (MSPC)-Adipo, MSPC-Osteo, and the Early Mesenchymal Progenitors, and that loss of EBF1 has a plethora of consequences to maintenance of the skeleton throughout adulthood. Stroma from the Prx-cre;Ebf1fl/fl bones had impaired osteogenic differentiation, an age-dependent loss of CFU-F, and elevated senescence accompanying Ebf1-deletion. New bone formation was reduced after 3 months, and resulted in a quiescent bone environment with fewer osteoblasts and an accompanied reduction in osteoclast-mediated remodeling. Consequently, bones were less ductile at a younger age, and deletion of EBF1 dramatically impaired fracture repair. Disruption of EBF1 in perivascular populations also rearranged the vascular network within these bones and disrupted cytokine signaling from key hematopoietic niches resulting in anemia, reductions in B cells, and myeloid skewing of marrow hematopoietic lineages. Mechanistically we observed disrupted BMP signaling within Ebf1-deficient progenitors with reduced SMAD1-phosphorylation, and elevated secretion of the soluble BMP-inhibitor Gremlin from the MSPC-Adipo cells. Ebf1-deficient progenitors also exhibited posttranslational suppression of glucocorticoid receptor expression. Together, these results suggest that EBF1 signaling is required for mesenchymal progenitor mobilization to maintain the adult skeleton, and that the primary action of EBF1 in the early mesenchymal lineage is to promote proliferation, and differentiation of these perivascular cells to sustain a healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A Nelson
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tommasini
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Jackie A Fretz
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America.
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Zhang Q, Zhang M. Recent advances in lung cancer organoid (tumoroid) research (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:383. [PMID: 39161616 PMCID: PMC11332118 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most critical type of malignant tumor that threatens human health. Traditional preclinical models have certain defects; for example, they cannot accurately reflect the characteristics of lung cancer and their development is costly and time-consuming. Through self-organization, cancer stem cells (CSCs) generate cancer organoids that have a structure similar to that of lung cancer tissues, overcoming to some extent the aforementioned challenges, thus enabling them to have broader application prospects. Lung cancer organoid (LCO) development methods can be divided into three broad categories based on the source of cells, which include cell lines, patient-derived xenografts and patient tumor tissue/pleural effusion. There are 17 different methods that have been described for the development of LCOs. These methods can be further merged into six categories based on the source of cells, the pre-treatment method used, the composition of the medium and the culture scaffold. These categories are: i) CSCs induced by defined transcription factors; ii) suspension culture; iii) relative optimal culture medium; iv) suboptimal culture medium; v) mechanical digestion and suboptimal culture medium; and vi) hydrogel scaffold. In the current review, the advantages and disadvantages of each of the aforementioned methods are summarized, and references for supporting studies are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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193
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Sugimoto Y, Okamoto K, Saito H, Yamaguchi T, Kinoshita J, Nakamura K, Takino T, Endo Y, Ninomiya I, Ohta T, Inaki N. Metformin suppresses esophageal cancer progression through the radiation‑induced cellular senescence of cancer‑associated fibroblasts. Oncol Rep 2024; 52:129. [PMID: 39092576 PMCID: PMC11332583 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells are known to secrete proteins, including inflammatory cytokines and damage‑associated molecular patterns. This phenomenon is known as the senescence‑associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP in cancer stromal fibroblasts is involved in cancer growth and progression. Conversely, metformin, an antidiabetic drug, has been reported to inhibit SASP induction by inhibiting the activation of NF‑κB, a regulator of SASP. To date, at least to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports regarding cellular senescence in fibroblasts and tumor progression via the SASP‑mediated paracrine pathway. The present study thus aimed to elucidate the induction mechanisms of SASP in radiation‑induced fibroblasts and to determine its effects on cancer progression via the paracrine pathway. Furthermore, the present study aimed to determine whether controlling SASP using metformin suppresses cancer progression. A well‑differentiated esophageal cancer cell line established by the authors' department and fibroblasts isolated and cultured from the non‑cancerous esophageal mucosa of resected esophageal cancer cases were used for the experiments. Fibroblasts were irradiated with 8 Gy radiation, and the changes in the expression of the senescence markers, SA‑β‑gal, p21, p16 and NF‑κB were evaluated using immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis in the presence or absence of metformin treatment. The culture supernatants of irradiated fibroblasts treated with metformin and those treated without metformin were collected and added to the cancer cells to evaluate their proliferative, invasive and migratory abilities. Vimentin and E‑cadherin expression levels were also evaluated using immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis. The expression levels of p16, p21 and NF‑κB in irradiated fibroblasts were attenuated by treatment with metformin. Supernatants collected from irradiated fibroblasts exhibited the proliferative activity of esophageal cancer cells, and the promotion of migratory and invasion abilities, which may be due to epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and changes in cell morphology. These reactions were confirmed to be suppressed by the addition of the supernatant of cultured fibroblasts pre‑treated with metformin. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that fibroblasts in the cancer stroma may be involved in tumor progression through cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sugimoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroto Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Keishi Nakamura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahisa Takino
- Division of Education for Global Standard, Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshio Endo
- Central Research Resource Branch, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Surgery, Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Fukui 910-0846, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Inaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
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194
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Su X, Li Q, Yang M, Zhang W, Liu X, Ba Y, Deng Q, Zhang Y, Han L, Huang H. Resveratrol protects against a high-fat diet-induced neuroinflammation by suppressing mitochondrial fission via targeting SIRT1/PGC-1α. Exp Neurol 2024; 380:114899. [PMID: 39059737 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Various health issues have emerged due to consuming high-fat diets (HFD), particularly the detrimental impact they have on mitochondrial dynamics and subsequet cognition functions. Specially, mitochondrial fission can serve as an upstream signal in the regulation of cortical inflammation and neural pyroptosis. Our study was designed to verify the existence of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction and demonstrated that resveratrol (RSV) attenuated neural deficits via regulation of cortical mitochondrial fission. A total of 50 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (Cont, 26 weeks on normal rodent diet); high-fat diet (HFD); dietary adjustments (HFD + ND); resveratrol intervention (HFD + R); joint intervention (HFD + ND + R) for 26 weeks. The spatial learning and memory function, spine density, NLRP3 inflammasome associated protein, mRNA and protein expression involved in mitochondrial dynamics and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway in brain were measured. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and resultant mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) alteration in PC12 cells exposed to palmitic acid (PA) or Drp1 inhibitor (Mdivi-1) were detected to reflect mitochondrial function. The findings suggested that prolonged treatment of RSV improved cognitive deficits and neuronal damage induced by HFD, potentially attributed to activation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis. We further indicated that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in PA (200 μM) treated PC12 cells could be inhibited by Mdivi-1. More importantly, Mdivi-1 (10 μM) reduced intracellular ROS levels and enhanced MMP by reversing Drp1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission. To summarize, those results clearly indicated that a HFD inhibited the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, which contributed to an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics and the onset of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. This effect was mitigated by the RSV possibly through triggering the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, prevented aberrant mitochondrial fission and thus inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Su
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Mingzhi Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450001, China.
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195
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Wang D, Feng Q, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhou W, Zhan X. Indole-3-acetic acid enhances the co-transport of proton and phenanthrene mediated by TaSAUR80-5A in wheat roots. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124522. [PMID: 38986759 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a type of organic pollution that can accumulate in crops and hazard human health. This study used phenanthrene (PHE) as a model PAH and employed hydroponic experiments to illustrate the role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the regulation of PHE accumulation in wheat roots. At optimal concentrations, wheat roots treated with PHE + IAA showed a 46.9% increase in PHE concentration, whereas treatment with PHE + P-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid resulted in a 38.77% reduction. Transcriptome analysis identified TaSAUR80-5A as the crucial gene for IAA-enhancing PHE uptake. IAA increases plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity, promoting active transport of PHE via the PHE/H+ cotransport mechanism. These results provide not only the theoretical basis necessary to better understand the function of IAA in PAHs uptake and transport by staple crops, but also a strategy for controlling PAHs accumulation in staple crops and enhancing phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongru Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiurun Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuke Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilei Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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196
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Zhu M, Lu M, Liu W, Shi J. Synovial microenvironment in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: crosstalk with chondrocytes and potential therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2024; 354:122947. [PMID: 39117138 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is considered to be a low-grade inflammatory disease involving multiple joint tissues. The crosstalk between synovium and cartilage plays an important role in TMJOA. Synovial cells are a group of heterogeneous cells and synovial microenvironment is mainly composed of synovial fibroblasts (SF) and synovial macrophages. In TMJOA, SF and synovial macrophages release a large number of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular vesicles and promote cartilage destruction. Cartilage wear particles stimulate SF proliferation and macrophages activation and exacerbate synovitis. In TMJOA, chondrocytes and synovial cells exhibit increased glycolytic activity and lactate secretion, leading to impaired chondrocyte matrix synthesis. Additionally, the synovium contains mesenchymal stem cells, which are the seed cells for cartilage repair in TMJOA. Co-culture of chondrocytes and synovial mesenchymal stem cells enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. This review discusses the pathological changes of synovium in TMJOA, the means of crosstalk between synovium and cartilage, and their influence on each other. Based on the crosstalk between synovium and cartilage in TMJOA, we illustrate the treatment strategies for improving synovial microenvironment, including reducing cell adhesion, utilizing extracellular vesicles to deliver biomolecules, regulating cellular metabolism and targeting inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuping Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Mengqi Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Mingcheng Lu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiejun Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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197
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Hou S, Guo X, Du J, Ding X, Ning X, Wang H, Chen H, Liu B, Lan Y. New insights into the endothelial origin of hematopoietic system inspired by "TIF" approaches. BLOOD SCIENCE 2024; 6:e00199. [PMID: 39027902 PMCID: PMC11254119 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are derived from a specialized subset of endothelial cells named hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) via a process of endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition during embryogenesis. Recently, with the usage of multiple single-cell technologies and advanced genetic lineage tracing techniques, namely, "TIF" approaches that combining transcriptome, immunophenotype and function/fate analyses, massive new insights have been achieved regarding the cellular and molecular evolution underlying the emergence of HSPCs from embryonic vascular beds. In this review, we focus on the most recent advances in the enrichment markers, functional characteristics, developmental paths, molecular controls, and the embryonic site-relevance of the key intermediate cell populations bridging embryonic vascular and hematopoietic systems, namely HECs and pre-hematopoietic stem cells, the immediate progenies of some HECs, in mouse and human embryos. Specifically, using expression analyses at both transcriptional and protein levels and especially efficient functional assays, we propose that the onset of Kit expression is at the HEC stage, which has previously been controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Hou
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Ding
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Blank HM, Hammer SE, Boatright L, Roberts C, Heyden KE, Nagarajan A, Tsuchiya M, Brun M, Johnson CD, Stover PJ, Sitcheran R, Kennedy BK, Adams LG, Kaeberlein M, Field MS, Threadgill DW, Andrews-Polymenis HL, Polymenis M. Late-life dietary folate restriction reduces biosynthesis without compromising healthspan in mice. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402868. [PMID: 39043420 PMCID: PMC11266815 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Folate is a vitamin required for cell growth and is present in fortified foods in the form of folic acid to prevent congenital abnormalities. The impact of low-folate status on life-long health is poorly understood. We found that limiting folate levels with the folate antagonist methotrexate increased the lifespan of yeast and worms. We then restricted folate intake in aged mice and measured various health metrics, metabolites, and gene expression signatures. Limiting folate intake decreased anabolic biosynthetic processes in mice and enhanced metabolic plasticity. Despite reduced serum folate levels in mice with limited folic acid intake, these animals maintained their weight and adiposity late in life, and we did not observe adverse health outcomes. These results argue that the effectiveness of folate dietary interventions may vary depending on an individual's age and sex. A higher folate intake is advantageous during the early stages of life to support cell divisions needed for proper development. However, a lower folate intake later in life may result in healthier aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Blank
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Staci E Hammer
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Laurel Boatright
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Courtney Roberts
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Katarina E Heyden
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Aravindh Nagarajan
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcel Brun
- Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Charles D Johnson
- Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Patrick J Stover
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Raquel Sitcheran
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Garry Adams
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Optispan, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martha S Field
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Helene L Andrews-Polymenis
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael Polymenis
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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199
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Tan J, Liao S, Yuan B, Liu X, Yu W, Zhan H, Jiang Y, Liu Y. Targeting SMYD2 promotes ferroptosis and impacts the progression of pancreatic cancer through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis-mediated ferritinophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130683. [PMID: 39089637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cancer, SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is widely expressed in various cancers. However, the role of SMYD2 in regulating ferroptosis in PC remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the role of SMYD2 in mediating ferroptosis and its mechanistic implications in PC progression. METHODS The levels of SMYD2, c-Myc, and NCOA4 were assessed in PC tissues, and peritumoral tissues. SMYD2 expression was further analyzed in human PC cell lines. In BxPC3 cells, the expression of c-Myc, NCOA4, autophagy-related proteins, and mitochondrial morphology, was evaluated following transfection with si-SMYD2 and treatment with autophagy inhibitors and ferroptosis inhibitors. Ferroptosis levels were quantified using flow cytometry and ELISA assays. RNA immunoprecipitation was conducted to elucidate the interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 mRNA. A xenograft mouse model was constructed to validate the impact of SMYD2 knockdown on PC growth. RESULTS SMYD2 and c-Myc were found to be highly expressed in PC tissues, while NCOA4 showed reduced expression. Among the PC cell lines studied, BxPC3 cells exhibited the highest SMYD2 expression. SMYD2 knockdown led to decreased c-Myc levels, increased NCOA4 expression, reduced autophagy-related protein expression, mitochondrial shrinkage, and heightened ferroptosis levels. Additionally, an interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 was identified. In vivo, SMYD2 knockdown inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Targeting SMYD2 inhibits PC progression by promoting ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis. These findings provide insights into potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Liao
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wentao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Zhan
- 921 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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200
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Campbell MJ, Bustamante-Gomez C, Fu Q, Beenken KE, Reyes-Pardo H, Smeltzer MS, O'Brien CA. RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation is required for bone loss in a murine model of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis. Bone 2024; 187:117181. [PMID: 38960295 PMCID: PMC11325436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis leads to extensive bone destruction. Osteoclasts are bone resorbing cells that are often increased in bone infected with S. aureus. The cytokine RANKL is essential for osteoclast formation under physiological conditions but in vitro evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines may by-pass the requirement for RANKL. The goal of this study was to determine whether RANKL-dependent osteoclast formation is essential for the bone loss that occurs in a murine model of S. aureus osteomyelitis. To this end, humanized-RANKL mice were infected by direct inoculation of S. aureus into a unicortical defect in the femur. Mice were treated with vehicle or denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody that inhibits RANKL, both before and during a 14-day infection period. The severe cortical bone destruction caused by infection was completely prevented by denosumab administration even though the bacterial burden in the femur was not affected. Osteoclasts were abundant near the inoculation site in vehicle-treated mice but absent in denosumab-treated mice. In situ hybridization demonstrated that S. aureus infection potently stimulated RANKL expression in bone marrow stromal cells. The extensive reactive bone formation that occurs in this osteomyelitis model was also reduced by denosumab administration. Lastly, there was a notable lack of osteoblasts near the infection site suggesting that the normal coupling of bone formation to bone resorption was disrupted by S. aureus infection. These results demonstrate that RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation is required for the bone loss that occurs in S. aureus infection and suggest that disruption of the coupling of bone formation to bone resorption may also contribute to bone loss in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara J Campbell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Cecile Bustamante-Gomez
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Qiang Fu
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Karen E Beenken
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Humberto Reyes-Pardo
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Mark S Smeltzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America.
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, United States of America.
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