201
|
Knapp J, Babu H, Benjamin S, Shapiro A. Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the pituitary gland without an identifiable primary lesion. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:1263-1267. [PMID: 38292788 PMCID: PMC10825538 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. However, brain metastases from this cancer are incredibly rare. While the hepatocellular carcinoma mortality rate in the United States has been increasing, hepatocellular carcinoma is rare among patients without underlying liver disease. Here we present a patient with a history of left optic nerve meningioma treated with stereotactic radiosurgery who presented with acute vision loss. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing mass lesion in the region of the sella turcica. Neurosurgical histopathology revealed a metastatic lesion consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma. Systemic workup failed to identify a primary liver lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Knapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Harish Babu
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sam Benjamin
- Department of Medical Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Anna Shapiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Vlashi R, Zhang X, Li H, Chen G. Potential therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:339-367. [PMID: 38055160 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an incapacitating and one of the most common physically degenerative conditions with an assorted etiology and a highly complicated molecular mechanism that to date lacks an efficient treatment. The capacity to design biological networks and accurately modify existing genomic sites holds an apt potential for applications across medical and biotechnological sciences. One of these highly specific genomes editing technologies is the CRISPR/Cas9 mechanism, referred to as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, which is a defense mechanism constituted by CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) directed by small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) that bind to target DNA through Watson-Crick base pairing rules where subsequent repair of the target DNA is initiated. Up-to-date research has established the effectiveness of the CRISPR/Cas9 mechanism in targeting the genetic and epigenetic alterations in OA by suppressing or deleting gene expressions and eventually distributing distinctive anti-arthritic properties in both in vitro and in vivo osteoarthritic models. This review aims to epitomize the role of this high-throughput and multiplexed gene editing method as an analogous therapeutic strategy that could greatly facilitate the clinical development of OA-related treatments since it's reportedly an easy, minimally invasive technique, and a comparatively less painful method for osteoarthritic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rexhina Vlashi
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xingen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Minimally Invasive Surgery in Orthopaedics & Skeletal Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Haibo Li
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Embryogenic Diseases, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
| | - Guiqian Chen
- College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Lavrado NC, Salles GF, Cardoso CRL, de França PHC, Melo MFDGG, Leite NC, Villela-Nogueira CA. Impact of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms on the prognosis of patients with MASLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Liver Int 2024; 44:1042-1050. [PMID: 38293718 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Longitudinal studies assessing the impact of genetic polymorphisms on outcomes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 risk alleles on hepatic and extrahepatic outcomes in T2DM-MASLD individuals. METHODS Patients' polymorphisms were analysed as follows: PNPLA3 CC, CG and GG; TM6SF2 CC and CT + TT; combined comparing no mutant allele, one allele G or T or ≥2 alleles G or T. Hierarchical models were built to assess associations between polymorphisms and outcomes, independently of confounding factors. Multivariate logistic regression was used for cirrhosis and its complications and extrahepatic cancer, and Cox regression for cardiovascular events (CVEs) and all-cause mortality. RESULTS In total, 407 T2DM-MASLD patients (62.1 ± 10.5 years, 67.6% women) were followed for 11 (6-13) years. Having at least one G or T allele independently increased the risk of cirrhosis in the separate analysis of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2. Combined polymorphism analysis demonstrated an even higher risk of cirrhosis if two or more risk alleles were present (OR 18.48; 95% CI 6.15-55.58; p < .001). Regarding cirrhosis complications, the risk was higher in PNPLA3 GG and TM6SF2 CT + TT, also with an even higher risk when two or more risk alleles were present in the combined evaluation (OR 27.20; 95% CI 5.26-140.62; p < .001). There were no associations with CVEs or mortality outcomes. CONCLUSION In T2DM, PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms, individually and additively, impact MASLD severity, with an increased risk of cirrhosis and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Coelho Lavrado
- Internal Medicine Post Graduate Program, Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gil Fernando Salles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Nathalie Carvalho Leite
- Division of Hepatology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
204
|
Theoharides TC, Twahir A, Kempuraj D. Mast cells in the autonomic nervous system and potential role in disorders with dysautonomia and neuroinflammation. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:440-454. [PMID: 37951572 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are ubiquitous in the body, and they are critical for not only in allergic diseases but also in immunity and inflammation, including having potential involvement in the pathophysiology of dysautonomias and neuroinflammatory disorders. MC are located perivascularly close to nerve endings and sites such as the carotid bodies, heart, hypothalamus, the pineal gland, and the adrenal gland that would allow them not only to regulate but also to be affected by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). MC are stimulated not only by allergens but also many other triggers including some from the ANS that can affect MC release of neurosensitizing, proinflammatory, and vasoactive mediators. Hence, MC may be able to regulate homeostatic functions that seem to be dysfunctional in many conditions, such as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, and Long-COVID syndrome. The evidence indicates that there is a possible association between these conditions and diseases associated with MC activation. There is no effective treatment for any form of these conditions other than minimizing symptoms. Given the many ways MC could be activated and the numerous mediators released, it would be important to develop ways to inhibit stimulation of MC and the release of ANS-relevant mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida; Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Assma Twahir
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Wang L, Ma Y, Bi W, Meng C, Liang X, Wu H, Zhang C, Wang X, Lv H, Li Y. An early screening model for preeclampsia: utilizing zero-cost maternal predictors exclusively. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1051-1062. [PMID: 38326453 PMCID: PMC10994845 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
To provide a reliable, low-cost screening model for preeclampsia, this study developed an early screening model in a retrospective cohort (25,709 pregnancies) and validated in a validation cohort (1760 pregnancies). A data augmentation method (α-inverse weighted-GMM + RUS) was applied to a retrospective cohort before 10 machine learning models were simultaneously trained on augmented data, and the optimal model was chosen via sensitivity (at a false positive rate of 10%). The AdaBoost model, utilizing 16 predictors, was chosen as the final model, achieving a performance beyond acceptable with Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve of 0.8008 and sensitivity of 0.5190. All predictors were derived from clinical characteristics, some of which were previously unreported (such as nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and menstrual cycle irregularity). Compared to previous studies, our model demonstrated superior performance, exhibiting at least a 50% improvement in sensitivity over checklist-based approaches, and a minimum of 28% increase over multivariable models that solely utilized maternal predictors. We validated an effective approach for preeclampsia early screening incorporating zero-cost predictors, which demonstrates superior performance in comparison to similar studies. We believe the application of the approach in combination with high performance approaches could substantially increase screening participation rate among pregnancies. Machine learning model for early preeclampsia screening, using 16 zero-cost predictors derived from clinical characteristics, was built on a 10-year Chinese cohort. The model outperforms similar research by at least 28%; validated on an independent cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Guangdong Bigdata Engineering Technology Research Center for Life Sciences, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yinyao Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | | | | | - Xuxia Liang
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | | | - Hanlin Lv
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Yuxiang Li
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
- Guangdong Bigdata Engineering Technology Research Center for Life Sciences, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Sang X, Gan T, Ge G, Li D, Mei Y, Pan C, Long S, Xie B, Yu X, Chen Z, Wang H. Circulating Immune Landscape Profiling in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis by Mass Cytometry. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:9927964. [PMID: 38590608 PMCID: PMC11001477 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9927964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis, a systemic disorder mediated by the immune system, can appear on the skin, joints, or both. Individuals with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) have an elevated risk of developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) during their lifetime. Despite this known association, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this progression remain unclear. Methods We performed high-dimensional, in-depth immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with PsA and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) by mass cytometry. Blood samples were collected before and after therapy for a longitudinal study. Then three sets of comparisons were made here: active PsA vs. active PsV, untreated PsV vs. treated PsV, and untreated PsA vs. treated PsA. Results Marked differences were observed in multiple lymphocyte subsets of PsA related to PsV, with expansion of CD4+ T cells, CD16- NK cells, and B cells. Notably, two critical markers, CD28 and CD127, specifically differentiated PsA from PsV. The expression levels of CD28 and CD127 on both Naïve T cells (TN) and central memory CD4+ T cells (TCM) were considerably higher in PsA than PsV. Meanwhile, after treatment, patients with PsV had higher levels of CD28hi CD127hi CD4+ TCM cells, CD28hi CD127hi CD4+ TN cells, and CD16- NK cells. Conclusion In the circulation of PsA patients, the TN and CD4+ TCM are characterized with more abundant CD28 and CD127, which effectively distinguished PsA from PsV. This may indicate that individuals undergoing PsV could be stratified at high risk of developing PsA based on the circulating levels of CD28 and CD127 on specific cell subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Sang
- Zhejiang Institute of Dermatology, Deqing, China
| | - Tian Gan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Gai Ge
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Li
- Zhejiang Institute of Dermatology, Deqing, China
| | - Youming Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Pan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Long
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Bibo Xie
- Zhejiang Institute of Dermatology, Deqing, China
| | - Xiaobing Yu
- Zhejiang Institute of Dermatology, Deqing, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Zhou Q, Liu Q, Wang Y, Chen J, Schmid O, Rehberg M, Yang L. Bridging Smart Nanosystems with Clinically Relevant Models and Advanced Imaging for Precision Drug Delivery. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308659. [PMID: 38282076 PMCID: PMC11005737 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of nano-drug-carriers (NDC) to specific cells, diseased regions, or solid tumors has entered the era of precision medicine that requires systematic knowledge of nano-biological interactions from multidisciplinary perspectives. To this end, this review first provides an overview of membrane-disruption methods such as electroporation, sonoporation, photoporation, microfluidic delivery, and microinjection with the merits of high-throughput and enhanced efficiency for in vitro NDC delivery. The impact of NDC characteristics including particle size, shape, charge, hydrophobicity, and elasticity on cellular uptake are elaborated and several types of NDC systems aiming for hierarchical targeting and delivery in vivo are reviewed. Emerging in vitro or ex vivo human/animal-derived pathophysiological models are further explored and highly recommended for use in NDC studies since they might mimic in vivo delivery features and fill the translational gaps from animals to humans. The exploration of modern microscopy techniques for precise nanoparticle (NP) tracking at the cellular, organ, and organismal levels informs the tailored development of NDCs for in vivo application and clinical translation. Overall, the review integrates the latest insights into smart nanosystem engineering, physiological models, imaging-based validation tools, all directed towards enhancing the precise and efficient intracellular delivery of NDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxia Zhou
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz MunichComprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC‐M)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)85764MunichGermany
- Department of Forensic PathologyWest China School of Preclinical and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityNo. 17 Third Renmin Road NorthChengdu610041China
- Burning Rock BiotechBuilding 6, Phase 2, Standard Industrial Unit, No. 7 LuoXuan 4th Road, International Biotech IslandGuangzhou510300China
| | - Qiongliang Liu
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz MunichComprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC‐M)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)85764MunichGermany
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080China
| | - Yan Wang
- Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao266042China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Key Clinical SpecialtyBranch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008China
- Center of Respiratory MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan410008China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory DiseaseChangshaHunan410008China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz MunichComprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC‐M)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)85764MunichGermany
| | - Markus Rehberg
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz MunichComprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC‐M)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)85764MunichGermany
| | - Lin Yang
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz MunichComprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC‐M)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)85764MunichGermany
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Berber E, Mulik S, Rouse BT. Meeting the Challenge of Controlling Viral Immunopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3935. [PMID: 38612744 PMCID: PMC11011832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The mission of this review is to identify immune-damaging participants involved in antiviral immunoinflammatory lesions. We argue these could be targeted and their activity changed selectively by maneuvers that, at the same time, may not diminish the impact of components that help resolve lesions. Ideally, we need to identify therapeutic approaches that can reverse ongoing lesions that lack unwanted side effects and are affordable to use. By understanding the delicate balance between immune responses that cause tissue damage and those that aid in resolution, novel strategies can be developed to target detrimental immune components while preserving the beneficial ones. Some strategies involve rebalancing the participation of immune components using various approaches, such as removing or blocking proinflammatory T cell products, expanding regulatory cells, restoring lost protective cell function, using monoclonal antibodies (moAb) to counteract inhibitory molecules, and exploiting metabolic differences between inflammatory and immuno-protective responses. These strategies can help reverse ongoing viral infections. We explain various approaches, from model studies and some clinical evidence, that achieve innate and adaptive immune rebalancing, offering insights into potential applications for controlling chronic viral-induced lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Engin Berber
- Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Sachin Mulik
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA;
| | - Barry T. Rouse
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Huo D, Liang W, Wang D, Liu Q, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhang C, Cong C, Su X, Tan X, Zhang W, Han L, Zhang D, Wang M, Feng H. Roflupram alleviates autophagy defects and reduces mutant hSOD1-induced motor neuron damage in cell and mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuropharmacology 2024; 247:109812. [PMID: 38218579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and incurable disease involving motor neuron (MN) degeneration and is characterized by ongoing myasthenia and amyotrophia in adults. Most ALS patients die of respiratory muscle paralysis after an average of 3-5 years. Defective autophagy in MNs is considered an important trigger of ALS pathogenesis. Roflupram (ROF) was demonstrated to activate autophagy in microglial cells and exert protective effects against Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, our research aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of ROF in treating ALS both in vivo and in vitro. We found that ROF could delay disease onset and prolong the survival of hSOD1-G93A transgenic mice. Moreover, ROF protected MNs in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, activated the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, increased autophagic flow, and reduced SOD1 aggregation. In an NSC34 cell line stably transfected with hSOD1-G93A, ROF protected against cellular damage caused by hSOD1-G93A. Moreover, we have demonstrated that ROF inhibited gliosis in ALS model mice. Collectively, our study suggested that ROF is neuroprotective in ALS models and the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target in ALS, which increases autophagic flow and reduces SOD1 aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Huo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Qiaochu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Chunting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei City, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Chaohua Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai No. 9 People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Xingli Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wenmo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Honglin Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Ma Y, Yu J, Ma X, Li Q, Su Q, Cao B. Efficacy and adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophageal cancer patients: Challenges and perspectives for immunotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:180-187. [PMID: 37171038 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. Patients with EC have a generally poor prognosis mainly due to the lack of effective treatments. Cancer immunotherapy is a promising novel treatment option for EC. This literature review investigated the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy either alone or in combination with chemotherapy or targeted therapy. In addition, we analyzed the adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In conclusion, ICIs increase the efficacy of EC treatments, thereby improving the outcomes of EC patients. The findings of this study may help enhance the response to immunotherapy, diminish toxicity, and thus eventually improve medical care for patients with EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Ma
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Junxian Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Ma
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Ahmadi S, Ambite I, Brisuda A, Háček J, Haq F, Sabari S, Vanarsa K, Mohan C, Babjuk M, Svanborg C. Similar immune responses to alpha1-oleate and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment in patients with bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7091. [PMID: 38553868 PMCID: PMC10980842 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular content of urine is defined by filtration in the kidneys and by local release from tissues lining the urinary tract. Pathological processes and different therapies change the molecular composition of urine and a variety of markers have been analyzed in patients with bladder cancer. The response to BCG immunotherapy and chemotherapy has been extensively studied and elevated urine concentrations of IL-1RA, IFN-α, IFN-γ TNF-α, and IL-17 have been associated with improved outcome. METHODS In this study, the host response to intravesical alpha 1-oleate treatment was characterized in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer by proteomic and transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS Proteomic profiling detected a significant increase in multiple cytokines in the treatment group compared to placebo. The innate immune response was strongly activated, including IL-1RA and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the IL-1 family (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-33), chemokines (MIP-1α, IL-8), and interferons (IFN-α2, IFN-γ). Adaptive immune mediators included IL-12, Granzyme B, CD40, PD-L1, and IL-17D, suggesting broad effects of alpha 1-oleate treatment on the tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS The cytokine response profile in alpha 1-oleate treated patients was similar to that reported in BCG treated patients, suggesting a significant overlap. A reduction in protein levels at the end of treatment coincided with inhibition of cancer-related gene expression in tissue biopsies, consistent with a positive treatment effect. Thus, in addition to killing tumor cells and inducing cell detachment, alpha 1-oleate is shown to activate a broad immune response with a protective potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ahmadi
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Ines Ambite
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Antonín Brisuda
- Department of UrologyMotol University Hospital, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University PrahaPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jaromír Háček
- Department of Pathology and Molecular MedicineMotol University Hospital, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University PrahaPragueCzech Republic
| | - Farhan Haq
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Samudra Sabari
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Kamala Vanarsa
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Marek Babjuk
- Department of UrologyMotol University Hospital, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University PrahaPragueCzech Republic
| | - Catharina Svanborg
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Li Y, Guo Y, Wu D, Ai L, Wu R, Ping Z, Zhu K. Phenylbutyric acid inhibits hypoxia-induced trophoblast apoptosis and autophagy in preeclampsia via the PERK/ATF-4/CHOP pathway. Mol Reprod Dev 2024; 91:e23742. [PMID: 38644727 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy complication with a high mortality rate. Abnormally activated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is believed to be responsible for the destruction of key placental cells-trophoblasts. Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an ERS inhibitor, is involved in regulating the development of ERS-related diseases. At present, how 4-PBA affects trophoblasts and its mechanisms is still unclear. In this study, PE cell models were established by stimulating HTR-8/SVneo cells with hypoxia. To verify the underlying mechanisms of 4-PBA on PE, CCT020312, an activator of PERK, was also used. The results showed that 4-PBA restored hypoxia-induced trophoblast viability, inhibited HIF-1α protein expression, inflammation, and PERK/ATF-4/CHOP pathway. Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry results confirmed that 4-PBA decreased hypoxia-induced apoptosis in trophoblasts. The results of the JC-1 analysis and apoptosis initiation enzyme activity assay also demonstrated that 4-PBA inhibited apoptosis related to the mitochondrial pathway. Furthermore, by detecting autophagy in trophoblasts, an increased number of autophagic vesicles, damaged mitochondria, enhanced dansylcadaverine fluorescence, enhanced levels of autophagy proteins Beclin-1, LC3II, and decreased p62 were seen in hypoxia-stimulated cells. These changes were reversed by 4-PBA. Furthermore, it was observed that CCT020312 reversed the effects of 4-PBA on the viability, apoptosis, and autophagosome number of hypoxia-induced trophoblasts. In summary, 4-PBA reduces autophagy and apoptosis via the PERK/ATF-4/CHOP pathway and mitochondrial pathway, thereby restoring the viability of hypoxic trophoblasts. These findings provide a solid evidence base for the use of 4-PBA in PE treatment and guide a new direction for improving the outcomes of patients with PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Li
- Department of ICU, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjie Guo
- Department of ICU, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of ICU, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Ai
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Laboratory, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zepeng Ping
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangyuan Zhu
- Department of ICU, Jiaxing Maternity and Children Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Radhakrishnan S, Martin CA, Vij M, Subbiah K, Raju LP, Gowrishankar G, Veldore VH, Kaliamoorthy I, Rammohan A, Rela M. Treatment and prognostic implications of strong PD-L1 expression in primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:371-379. [PMID: 38362631 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (HSC) is an extremely rare and aggressive subtype of primary liver cancer. HSC has uncertain pathogenesis and dismal prognosis with overall survival of only 8.3 months. The molecular alterations of HSC are also not well understood. In this study, the authors describe a patient who presented with a large liver mass. The patient underwent complete surgical resection and histological examination demonstrated HSC, infiltrating the stomach. PD-L1 was strongly positive in the tumor cells. The patient was started on anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy postsurgery and is doing well 15 months after surgical resection. Tumor whole exome sequencing revealed genetic alterations in TP53, NF2 and MAGEC3 genes, indicating their potential role in tumor development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subathra Radhakrishnan
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, No. 7 CLC Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Catherine Ann Martin
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, No. 7 CLC Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukul Vij
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Komalavalli Subbiah
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lexmi Priya Raju
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowripriya Gowrishankar
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Harini Veldore
- 4baseCare Onco Solutions Pvt Ltd, IBAB campus, Bangalore Helix Biotech Park, Bangalore-100, Karnataka, India
| | - Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashwin Rammohan
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Tseng WH, Liu EW, Cheng KY, Wee SJ, Lee JJ, Chen HC. Tracheal Replacement Techniques and Associated Mortality: A Systematic Review. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1517-1522. [PMID: 37916766 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tracheal replacement is a crucial operation to enhance the quality of life for patients with extensive tracheal lesions. The most suitable surgical techniques for different clinical conditions remain a topic of debate. Through a reviewing of the relevant literature, this study investigated the association between surgical techniques and mortality rate. DATA SOURCES Studies were collected from PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. METHODS This systematic review encompassed literature from the inception of each database to May 10, 2023, focusing on tracheal replacement for patients who underwent circumferential resection of the trachea or partial resection with preservation of the posterior membranous wall. Non-human and non-clinical studies were excluded. RESULTS About 31 studies were included in the assessment comprising a combination of case reports and case series, and 118 patients underwent tracheal replacement through four underlying methodologies, including tracheal allotransplantation, autologous tissue reconstruction, bioprosthetic reconstruction, or tissue engineering surgery. Each modality exhibits unique advantages and disadvantages, leading to variable outcomes in clinical application. CONCLUSION Tracheal replacement is challenging due to the absence of an ideal substitution or graft material. Despite limited clinical successes observed across various modalities, we believe autologous tissue reconstruction for tracheal replacement has the advantage of broadest indications, low rejection rate, and avoidance of immunosuppressive agents. Future research should focus on achieving tracheal replacement that preserves mucociliary clearance, lateral rigidity, and longitudinal flexibility. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:1517-1522, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Tseng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - En-Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shyun-Jing Wee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jr Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Qian L, Hu N, Yu Y. The effect of the concurrent use of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) during the perioperative period on the renal function of patients following craniocerebral interventional surgery. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38526065 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2335530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniocerebral interventional surgery is a common and essential treatment for cerebrovascular diseases. Despite continuous progress in interventional diagnosis and treatment technology, there is no effective method to alleviate contrast-induced kidney injuries. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the effect of the concurrent use of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) during the perioperative period on the renal function of patients following craniocerebral interventional surgery. METHODS We identified 228 cases of patients underwent craniocerebral interventional surgery from January 2018 to March 2022. Patients who used DEX during general anesthesia were in the DEX group (DEX group) or that did not use dexmedetomidine as the control group (CON group). The markers of kidney injury were recorded before and within 48 h after surgery. RESULTS Compared with CON group, the urea nitrogen (BUN) of the DEX group decreased significantly on the first day and the second day after surgery (p < 0.05). The serum cystatin-C and the blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) was significantly lower than that in CON group on the second day (p < 0.05). The urine output in the DEX group increased significantly, and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher than the CON group (p < 0.01). There was no difference in postoperative complications, ICU stay time and hospitalization time between the two groups. CONCLUSION The combined use of dexmedetomidine in general anesthesia for craniocerebral interventional surgery can reduce BUN levels within 48 h after surgery, significantly increase intraoperative urine volume, maintain intraoperative circulation stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianqiang Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Chi H, Peng H, Zhao X, Zhou G, Shen L, Cai M. The Effectiveness of 595-nm Pulsed Dye Laser for the Treatment of Bilateral Cleft-Lip Scars in Asian Patients: A 6-Month Prospective, Randomized, Self-Controlled Trial. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024. [PMID: 38258794 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study is the first prospective within-patient self-controlled research seeking to investigate the safety and efficacy of 595 nm pulsed-dye laser (PDL) for the treatment of cleft-lip scars. Approach: This prospective, randomized, self-controlled study is based on the clinical records of the patients who received laser-assisted treatment due to bilateral cleft-lip scars. The bilateral scars were randomly assigned to the 595 nm PDL group with five consecutive sessions at 2-week intervals or control group in a blinded manner of evaluators, with subsequent follow-up for 6 months after the final treatment. Clinical efficacy and safety outcomes were evaluated by Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient Scar Assessment Questionnaire (PSAQ), and other objective evaluations. Results: A total of 18 patients were included. The 595 nm PDL-treated sides showed statistically significant improvement in VSS after treatment at follow-up compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the 595 nm-PDL-treated side achieved significantly better improvement in scar pigmentation and pliability (p < 0.05). Though there was statistically significant difference between two groups (p < 0.05), the gap in overall PSAQ is not obvious. And comparison by area and coloring evaluation (E/M index) also suggests that the responses of scars to treatment by PDL were slightly improved (p < 0.05). Innovation and Conclusion: It is the first time to apply the 595nm PDL for cleft-lip scars. It would be a better choice for the early treatment of red scar with proliferative tendency after cleft-lip surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoshu Chi
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Peng
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Zhao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyue Shen
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Zhou Y, Yang H, You M, Feng Z, Dong X. Cognition-Enhancement Effect of Median Nerve Electrical Stimulation in Patients with Cognitive Impairment: A Retrospective Cohort Study. World Neurosurg 2024; 184:e537-e545. [PMID: 38320650 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.01.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People with cognitive impairment often face quality-of-life problems and require ongoing support, which has profound consequences for caregivers and society. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, such as median nerve electrical stimulation (MNS), have shown promising potentials in improving cognitive ability in patients with cognitive impairment. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the positive effect and safety of MNS in cognitive impairment. METHODS Patients diagnosed with cognitive impairment from the hospital record management system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from April 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022, were enrolled. Data on patients' basic characteristics, treatment records, and examination results such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), activities of daily living (ADL), and P300 event-related potentials before and after treatment were collected. RESULTS Overall, 146 patients with cognitive impairment were enrolled, including 71 patients who underwent conventional therapy (standard treatment group) and 75 patients who underwent conventional therapy and MNS operation (active MNS group). Before treatment, there were no differences between the standard treatment and active MNS groups in terms of age, sex, etiology, duration of symptoms before therapy, hospital stay, whether they had undergone surgery, MMSE score, ADL score, and amplitude and latency of the P300 event-related potentials (P > 0.05). After treatment, we observed significant improvements in the MMSE score, ADL score, amplitude of P300, and decreased latency of P300 event-related potentials in both groups compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, we observed that the active MNS group showed higher MMSE and ADL scores, higher amplitude of P300 event-related potentials, and lower latency of P300 event-related potentials than the standard treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, no side effects were associated with MNS operation. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data provide early evidence that MNS may be a positive effect and safe method for promoting the recovery of cognitive ability in patients with cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haihua Yang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengyu You
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyang Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Shi Y, Li W, Jia Q, Wu J, Wu S, Wu S. Inhibition of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer may reduce vasculogenic mimicry formation by inhibiting the epithelial mesenchymal transformation process. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113996. [PMID: 38508327 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a kind of highly malignant tumor. Studies have shown that Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) may be responsible for dismal prognosis in NSCLC. Immunotherapy with programmed death-1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has significantly altered the treatment of assorted cancers, including NSCLC, but its role and mechanism in the formation of Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in NSCLC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of the anti-PD-L1 antibody in the formation of VM in NSCLC and its possible mechanisms. The results showed that anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy could inhibit the growth of NSCLC-transplanted tumors and reduce the formation of VMs. In addition, this study found that anti-PD-L1 antibodies could increase the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related factor E-cadherin. zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is an important transcription factor regulating EMT. Knocking down ZEB1 could significantly inhibit tumor growth, as well as the expression of VE-cadherin and mmp2, while remarkably increase the expression of E-cadherin. During this process, the formation of VM was inhibited by knowing down ZEB1 in both in vitro and in vivo experiments of the constructed ZEB1 knockdown stable transfected cell strains. Therefore, in this study, we found that anti-PD-L1 antibodies may reduce the formation of VMs by inhibiting the EMT process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Qianhao Jia
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Jiatao Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical University, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China
| | - Shoufan Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Anhui, 230000, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Ott C. Mapping the interplay of immunoproteasome and autophagy in different heart failure phenotypes. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:149-165. [PMID: 38570171 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Proper protein degradation is required for cellular protein homeostasis and organ function. Particularly, in post-mitotic cells, such as cardiomyocytes, unbalanced proteolysis due to inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress contributes to organ dysfunction. To ensure appropriate protein turnover, eukaryotic cells exert two main degradation systems, the ubiquitin-proteasome-system and the autophagy-lysosome-pathway. It has been shown that proteasome activity affects the development of cardiac dysfunction differently, depending on the type of heart failure. Studies analyzing the inducible subtype of the proteasome, the immunoproteasome (i20S), demonstrated that the i20S plays a double role in diseased hearts. While i20S subunits are increased in cardiac hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation and partly in myocarditis, the opposite applies to diabetic cardiomyopathy and ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, the i20S appears to play a role in autophagy modulation depending on heart failure phenotype. This review summarizes the current literature on the i20S in different heart failure phenotypes, emphasizing the two faces of i20S in injured hearts. A selection of established i20S inhibitors is introduced and signaling pathways linking the i20S to autophagy are highlighted. Mapping the interplay of the i20S and autophagy in different types of heart failure offers potential approaches for developing treatment strategies against heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Gao C, Nguyen V, Hochman ML, Gao L, Chen EH, Friedman HI, Nelson JS, Tan W. Current clinical evidence is insufficient to support HMME-PDT as the first choice of treatment for young children with port wine birthmarks. Lasers Surg Med 2024; 56:321-333. [PMID: 38506454 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Port wine birthmark (PWB) is a congenital vascular malformation of the skin. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the "gold standard" for the treatment of PWB globally. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME or hemoporfin)-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) has emerged as the first choice for PWB treatment, particularly for young children, in many major hospitals in China during the past several decades. AIM To evaluate whether HMME-PDT is superior to PDL by comparing the clinical efficacies of both modalities. METHOD PubMed records were searched for all relevant studies of PWB treatment using PDL (1988-2023) or HMME-PDT (2007-2023). Patient characteristics and clinical efficacies were extracted. Studies with a quartile percentage clearance or similar scale were included. A mean color clearance index (CI) per study was calculated and compared among groups. An overall CI (C0), with data weighted by cohort size, was used to evaluate the final efficacy for each modality. RESULT A total of 18 HMME-PDT studies with 3910 patients in China were eligible for inclusion in this analysis. Similarly, 40 PDL studies with 5094 patients from nine different countries were eligible for inclusion in this analysis. Over 58% of patients in the HMME-PDT studies were minors (<18 years old). A significant portion (21.3%) were young children (<3 years old). Similarly, 33.2% of patients in the PDL studies were minors. A small proportion (9.3%) was young children. The overall clearance rates for PDL were slightly, but not significantly, higher than those for HMME-PDT in cohorts with patients of all ages (C0, 0.54 vs. 0.48, p = 0.733), subpopulations with only minors (C0, 0.54 vs. 0.46, p = 0.714), and young children (C0, 0.67 vs. 0.50, p = 0.081). Regrettably, there was a lack of long-term data on follow-up evaluations for efficacy and impact of HMME-PDT on young children in general, and central nervous system development in particular, because their blood-brain barriers have a greater permeability as compared to adults. CONCLUSION PDL shows overall albeit insignificantly higher clearance rates than HMME-PDT in patients of all ages; particularly statistical significance is nearly achieved in young children. Collectively, current evidence is insufficient to support HMME-PDT as the first choice of treatment of PWBs in young children given: (1) overall inferior efficacy as compared to PDL; (2) risk of off-target exposure to meningeal vasculature during the procedure; (3) administration of steriods for mitigation of side effects; -and (4) lack of long-term data on the potential impact of HMME on central nervous system development in young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vi Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Marcelo L Hochman
- The Facial Surgery Center and the Hemangioma & Malformation Treatment Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Dermatology, XiJing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Elliott H Chen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Prisma Health Medical Group, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Harold I Friedman
- Division of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Prisma Health Medical Group, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - John Stuart Nelson
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wenbin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Mochizuki H, Estrada AJ, Boggess M. Assessment of Y chromosome copy number alterations in non-neoplastic and neoplastic leukocytes of male dogs. Vet J 2024; 304:106088. [PMID: 38412887 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The loss of the Y chromosome (ChrY), also known as LOY, is a common genetic alteration observed in men. It occurs in non-neoplastic cells as an age-related change as well as in neoplastic cells of various cancer types. While well-documented in humans, LOY has not been extensively studied in non-human mammals. In this study, we developed simple digital PCR-based assays to assess the copy number of ChrY relative to the X chromosome (ChrX) and chromosome 8 (Chr8) to evaluate ChrY numerical alterations in male canine DNA specimens. Using these assays, we analyzed non-neoplastic leukocytes from 162 male dogs without hematopoietic neoplasia to investigate the occurrence of age-related LOY in non-neoplastic leukocytes. Additionally, we examined 101 tumor DNA specimens obtained from male dogs diagnosed with various types of lymphoma and leukemia to determine whether copy number alterations of the ChrY occur in canine hematopoietic cancers. Analysis of the 162 non-neoplastic leukocyte DNA specimens from male dogs of varying ages revealed a consistent ∼1:1 ChrY:ChrX ratio. This suggests that age-related LOY in non-neoplastic leukocytes is rare or absent in dogs. Conversely, a decreased or increased ChrY:ChrX ratio was detected in canine neoplastic leukocytes at varying frequencies across different canine hematopoietic malignancies (P = 0.01, Fisher's exact test). Notably, a higher incidence of LOY was observed in more aggressive cancer types. To determine if this relative LOY to ChrX was caused by changes in ChrY or ChrX, we further analyzed their relative copy numbers using Chr8 as a reference. Loss of ChrX relative to Chr8 was found in 21% (9/41) of B-cell lymphomas and 6% (1/18) of non-T-zone/high-grade T-cell lymphomas. In contrast, a subset (29%, 4/14) of T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia showed gain of ChrX relative to Chr8. Notably, no relative LOY to Chr8 was detected indolent hematopoietic cancers such as T-zone lymphoma (0/9) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell (0/11) and T-cell origins (0/14). However, relative LOY to Chr8 was present in more aggressive canine hematopoietic cancers, with incidences of 24% (10/41) in B-cell lymphoma, 44% (8/18) in non-T-zone/high-grade T-cell lymphoma, and 75% (6/8) in acute leukemia. This study highlights both similarities and differences in LOY between human and canine non-neoplastic and neoplastic leukocytes. It underscores the need for further research into the role of ChrY in canine health and disease, as well as the significance of LOY across various species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mochizuki
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - A J Estrada
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - M Boggess
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Hatfield J, Soto AL, Kelly-Hedrick M, Kaplan S, Komisarow JM, Ohnuma T, Krishnamoorthy V. Safety, Efficacy, and Clinical Outcomes of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2024; 36:101-108. [PMID: 36791389 PMCID: PMC10425561 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine is a promising alternative sedative agent for moderate-severe Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Although the data are limited, the posited benefits of dexmedetomidine in this population are a reduction in secondary brain injury compared with current standard sedative regimens. In this scoping review, we critically appraised the literature to examine the effects of dexmedetomidine in patients with moderate-severe TBI to examine the safety, efficacy, and cerebral and systemic physiological outcomes within this population. We sought to identify gaps in the literature and generate directions for future research. Two researchers and a librarian queried PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO databases. Of 920 studies imported for screening, 11 were identified for inclusion in the review. The primary outcomes in the included studied were cerebral physiology, systemic hemodynamics, sedation levels and delirium, and the presence of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity. Dexmedetomidine dosing ranged from 0.2 to 1 ug/kg/h, with 3 studies using initial boluses of 0.8 to 1.0 ug/kg over 10 minutes. Dexmedetomidine used independently or as an adjunct seems to exhibit a similar hemodynamic safety profile compared with standard sedation regimens, albeit with transient episodes of bradycardia and hypotension, decrease episodes of agitation and may serve to alleviate symptoms of sympathetic hyperactivity. This scoping review suggests that dexmedetomidine is a safe and efficacious sedation strategy in patients with TBI. Given its rapid onset of action and anxiolytic properties, dexmedetomidine may serve as a feasible sedative for TBI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Hatfield
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alexandria L. Soto
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Margot Kelly-Hedrick
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Jordan M. Komisarow
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tetsu Ohnuma
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Vijay Krishnamoorthy
- Critical Care and Perioperative Population Health Research (CAPER) Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Fakhr Abdollahi A, Shaheed MH, Thaha MA, Vepa R. A review of modeling and control of remote-controlled capsule endoscopes. Expert Rev Med Devices 2024; 21:293-306. [PMID: 38573192 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2024.2336135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The significance of this review lies in addressing the limitations of passive locomotion in capsule endoscopes, hindering their widespread use in medical applications. The research focuses on evaluating existing miniature in vivo remote-controlled capsule endoscopes, examining their locomotion designs, and working theories to pave the way for overcoming challenges and enhancing their applicability in diagnostic and treatment settings. AREAS COVERED This paper explores control methods and dynamic system modeling in the context of self-propelled remote-controlled capsule endoscopes with a two-mass arrangement. The literature search, conducted at Queen Mary University of London Library from 2000 to 2022, utilized a systematic approach starting with the broad keyword 'Capsule Endoscope' and progressively narrowing down to specific aspects such as 'Capsule Endoscope Control' and 'Self-propelled Capsule Endoscope' using various criteria. EXPERT OPINION Efficiently driving and controlling remote-controlled capsule endoscopes have the potential to overcome the current limitations in medical technology, offering a viable solution for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal diseases. Successful control of the remote-controlled capsule endoscope, as demonstrated in this review paper, will lead to a step change in medical engineering, establishing the remote-controlled capsule endoscope as a swift standard in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Fakhr Abdollahi
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohammad Hasan Shaheed
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohamed Adhnan Thaha
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ranjan Vepa
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Zhang S, Ma J, He L, Li Q, He P, Li J, Zhang H. Generation and characterization of nanobodies targeting human pepsinogens. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 216:106431. [PMID: 38184161 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Human pepsinogens (mainly pepsinogen I and pepsinogen II) are the major inactive precursor forms of the digestive enzyme pepsin which play a crucial role in protein digestion. The levels and ratios of human pepsinogens have demonstrated potential as diagnostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal diseases, particularly gastric cancer. Nanobodies are promising tools for the treatment and diagnosis of diseases, owing to their unique recognition properties. In this study, recombinant human pepsinogens proteins were expressed and purified as immunized antigens. We constructed a VHH phage library and identified several nanobodies via phage display bio-panning. We determined the binding potency and cross-reactivity of these nanobodies. Our study provides technical support for developing immunodiagnostic reagents targeting human pepsinogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jieyao Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, 418000, Huaihua, China
| | - Liu He
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianying Li
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan He
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Li J, Xie F, Ma X. Advances in nanomedicines: a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic cerebral stroke treatment. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:811-835. [PMID: 38445614 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, prevalent among the elderly, necessitates attention to reperfusion injury post treatment. Limited drug access to the brain, owing to the blood-brain barrier, restricts clinical applications. Identifying efficient drug carriers capable of penetrating this barrier is crucial. Blood-brain barrier transporters play a vital role in nutrient transport to the brain. Recently, nanoparticles emerged as drug carriers, enhancing drug permeability via surface-modified ligands. This article introduces the blood-brain barrier structure, elucidates reperfusion injury pathogenesis, compiles ischemic stroke treatment drugs, explores nanomaterials for drug encapsulation and emphasizes their advantages over conventional drugs. Utilizing nanoparticles as drug-delivery systems offers targeting and efficiency benefits absent in traditional drugs. The prospects for nanomedicine in stroke treatment are promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Faculty of Environment & Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Fei Xie
- Faculty of Environment & Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Faculty of Environment & Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Zhang M, Li J, Xu Z, Fan P, Dong Y, Wang F, Gao Y, Yan J, Cao L, Ji D, Feng D, Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Hong W, Zhang C, Wang FS. Functional cure is associated with younger age in children undergoing antiviral treatment for active chronic hepatitis B. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:435-448. [PMID: 38376650 PMCID: PMC11014810 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Functional cure is difficult to achieve using current antiviral therapies; moreover, limited data are available regarding treatment outcomes in children. This retrospective study aimed to assess the frequency of functional cure among children undergoing antiviral treatment for active chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS A total of 372 children aged 1-16 years, with active CHB were enrolled and underwent either nucleos(t)ide analog monotherapy or combination therapy with interferon-α (IFN-α) for 24-36 months. All children attended follow-up visits every 3 months. Functional cure was defined as evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA loss, circulating hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) loss/seroconversion, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. RESULTS After 36 months of antiviral treatment and/or follow-up visits, children with CHB aged 1- < 7 years exhibited higher rates of HBV DNA clearance, HBeAg seroconversion, and HBsAg loss than CHB children ≥ 7-16 years of age (93.75% versus [vs.] 86.21% [p < 0.0001]; 79.30% vs. 51.72% [p < 0.0001]; and 50.78% vs. 12.93% [p < 0.0001], respectively). Longitudinal investigation revealed more rapid dynamic reduction in HBV DNA, HBeAg, and HBsAg levels in children aged 1-7 years than in those aged ≥ 7-16 years with CHB. According to further age-stratified analysis, HBsAg loss rates were successively decreased in children with CHB who were 1- < 3, 3- < 7, 7- < 12, and 12-16 years of age (62.61% vs. 41.13% vs. 25.45% vs. 1.64%, respectively; p < 0.0001) at 36 months. In addition, baseline HBsAg level < 1,500 IU/mL was found to favor disease cure among these pediatric patients. No serious adverse events were observed throughout the study period. CONCLUSION Results of the present study demonstrated that children aged 1- < 7 years, with active CHB can achieve a high functional cure rate by undergoing antiviral therapy compared to those aged ≥ 7 years, who undergo antiviral therapy. These data support the use of antiviral treatment at an early age in children with CHB. However, future prospectively randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate the findings of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyao Fan
- 302 Clinical Medical School, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchuan Wang
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinjie Gao
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Yan
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Ji
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Feng
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Zhong
- Department of Liver Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Weiguo Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100039, China.
- 302 Clinical Medical School, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Liu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Shan C, Guo Y, Gong X, Cui M, Li X, Tang M. Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:833-845. [PMID: 37843219 PMCID: PMC10664138 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota's diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Dong H, Zhang W, Lyu X, Li X, Wang J, Feng Y, Zhao C, Chai N, Linghu E. Long-term prognosis and risk factors associated with post-ERCP pneumobilia in patients with common bile duct stones. Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 99:577-586.e1. [PMID: 37989466 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Post-ERCP pneumobilia is not uncommon; however, studies focusing on the long-term prognosis of patients with post-ERCP pneumobilia are limited. This study aimed to explore long-term prognosis and risk factors associated with post-ERCP pneumobilia in patients with common bile duct stones (CBDSs). METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1380 patients who underwent ERCP for CBDSs at our hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. Patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into pneumobilia and nonpneumobilia groups, followed by propensity score matching. The matched groups were then compared in terms of incidence rates of both single and multiple recurrences of CBDSs, acute cholangitis, and acute cholecystitis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors associated with pneumobilia. RESULTS After propensity matching, there was no significant difference in the rate of single recurrence of CBDSs (22.5% vs 30%; P = .446) between the pneumobilia and nonpneumobilia groups. However, the incidences of multiple recurrences of CBDSs (32.5% vs 12.5%; P = .032) and acute cholangitis without stone recurrence (32.5% vs 2.5%; P = <.001) were significantly higher in the pneumobilia group. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, in addition to a dilated CBD (diameter of >1 cm) (odds ratio [OR], 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-3.76; P = .043), endoscopic sphincterotomy with moderate incision (OR, 5.38; 95% CI, 1.14-25.47; P = .034) and with large incision (OR, 8.7; 95% CI, 1.83-41.46; P = .007) were identified as independent risk factors for pneumobilia after initial ERCP. CONCLUSIONS Patients with post-ERCP pneumobilia have increased risk of multiple recurrences of CBDSs and acute cholangitis without stone recurrence. Independent risk factors for pneumobilia include peripapillary diverticulum, a dilated CBD (>1 cm), and endoscopic sphincterotomy with moderate and large incisions. A normal-sized CBD appears to serve as a secondary barrier against enterobiliary reflux, necessitating further research for confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wengang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingping Lyu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenyi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ningli Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Kim D, Kim HJ, Song TJ. Association of body composition indices with cardiovascular outcomes: a nationwide cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:876-884. [PMID: 38408726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies regarding BMI (kg/m2) and associated cardiovascular outcomes yield inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between body composition and cardiovascular outcomes according to BMI categories in the Korean general population. METHODS A total of 2,604,401 participants were enrolled in this nationwide cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service-Health Checkup data set. Predicted lean BMI (pLBMI), body fat mass index (pBFMI), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMMI) were calculated using validated anthropometric prediction equations. A multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the association with cardiovascular outcomes. The results were presented with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), considering BMI categories (BMI < 18.5, BMI 18.5-24.9, BMI 25-29.9, and BMI ≥ 30). RESULTS Higher pLBMI and pASMMI were correlated with a reduced risk of composite cardiovascular outcomes. For pLBMI, HR was 0.910 (95% CI: 0.908, 0.913, P < 0.001) for males and 0.905 (95% CI: 0.899, 0.910, P < 0.001) for females. For pASMMI, HR was 0.825 (95% CI: 0.820, 0.829, P < 0.001) for males and 0.788 (95% CI: 0.777, 0.800, P < 0.001) for females. Conversely, a higher pBFMI was associated with an increased risk, with HR of 1.082 (95% CI: 1.071, 1.093, P < 0.001) for males and 1.181 (95% CI: 1.170, 1.192, P < 0.001) for females. Subgroup analysis based on BMI categories revealed no significant risk association for pBFMI in the BMI < 18.5 group. In the group with BMI ≥ 30, neither pLBMI nor pASMMI demonstrated a significant risk association. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the value of pLBMI, pBFMI, and pASMMI as variables for assessing risk of composite cardiovascular outcomes. The significance of indicators may vary depending on BMI categories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyeop Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Lombardi M, Troisi J, Motta BM, Torre P, Masarone M, Persico M. Gut-Liver Axis Dysregulation in Portal Hypertension: Emerging Frontiers. Nutrients 2024; 16:1025. [PMID: 38613058 PMCID: PMC11013091 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PH) is a complex clinical challenge with severe complications, including variceal bleeding, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. The gut microbiota (GM) and its interconnectedness with human health have emerged as a captivating field of research. This review explores the intricate connections between the gut and the liver, aiming to elucidate how alterations in GM, intestinal barrier function, and gut-derived molecules impact the development and progression of PH. A systematic literature search, following PRISMA guidelines, identified 12 original articles that suggest a relationship between GM, the gut-liver axis, and PH. Mechanisms such as dysbiosis, bacterial translocation, altered microbial structure, and inflammation appear to orchestrate this relationship. One notable study highlights the pivotal role of the farnesoid X receptor axis in regulating the interplay between the gut and liver and proposes it as a promising therapeutic target. Fecal transplantation experiments further emphasize the pathogenic significance of the GM in modulating liver maladies, including PH. Recent advancements in metagenomics and metabolomics have expanded our understanding of the GM's role in human ailments. The review suggests that addressing the unmet need of identifying gut-liver axis-related metabolic and molecular pathways holds potential for elucidating pathogenesis and directing novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
- European Institute of Metabolomics (EIM) Foundation, Via G. Puccini, 3, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Jacopo Troisi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
- European Institute of Metabolomics (EIM) Foundation, Via G. Puccini, 3, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (B.M.M.); (P.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Benedetta Maria Motta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (B.M.M.); (P.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Pietro Torre
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (B.M.M.); (P.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Mario Masarone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (B.M.M.); (P.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcello Persico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (B.M.M.); (P.T.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Cheng X, Huang J, Li H, Zhao D, Liu Z, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Peng W. Quercetin: A promising therapy for diabetic encephalopathy through inhibition of hippocampal ferroptosis. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:154887. [PMID: 38377720 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a significant diabetes-related pathological complication of the central nervous system, is poorly understood. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated necrotic cell death process that mediates the development of neurodegenerative and diabetes-related lesions. Quercetin (QE) exerts anti-ferroptotic effects in various diseases. However, the roles of ferroptosis in DE and the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE are unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate if quercetin can ameliorate DE by inhibiting ferroptosis and to elucidate the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE, thus providing a new perspective on the pathogenesis and prevention of DE. METHODS The spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizak rats and high glucose (HG)-induced PC12 cells were used as animal and in vitro models, respectively. The Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognition of rats. Pathological damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Mitochondrial damage was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by examining the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Additionally, the contents of iron ions were quantified. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were carried out to poke the protein levels. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to construct a protein-protein interaction network for the therapeutic targets of QE in DE. Additionally, molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay was performed to examine the target of QE. RESULTS QE alleviated cognitive impairment, decreased lipid peroxidation and iron deposition in the hippocampus, and upregulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. HG-induced ferroptosis in PC12 cells resulted in decreased cell viability accompanied by lipid peroxidation and iron deposition. QE mitigated HG-induced ferroptosis by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which was partially suppressed upon Nrf2 inhibition. Network pharmacology analysis further indicated that the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway is a key target of QE. Molecular docking experiments revealed that QE binds to KEAP1 through four hydrogen bonds. Moreover, QE altered the thermostability of KEAP1. CONCLUSION These results indicated that QE inhibits ferroptosis in the hippocampal neurons by binding to KEAP1 and subsequently upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- YangSheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Chen Y, Lu M, Lin M, Gao Q. Network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate the common mechanism of hydroxychloroquine treatment in lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy. Lupus 2024; 33:347-356. [PMID: 38285068 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241230377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), characterized by a broad effect on immune regulation, has been widely used in the treatment of autoimmune glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis (LN) and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). The current research investigates whether HCQ plays a role in the treatment of LN and IgAN through common mechanisms since the pathogenesis of both LN and IgAN is closely related to immune complex deposition, complement activation, and ultimately inflammation. METHODS Seventy-two common targets were obtained related to the common mechanism of HCQ treatment of LN and IgAN. Targets associated with LN and IgAN were collected based on DisGeNET, GeneCards, and OMIM databases. Possible HCQ targets were obtained from the PubChem database and PharmMapper databases. The overlapping targets of HCQ ingredients, IgAN, and LN were discovered via the Venn 2.1.0 online platform. Through the DAVID database, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted. Cytoscape (v3.9.1) was used to build a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Molecular docking was performed by using AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software and PyMol software to match the binding activity between HCQ and the 10 core targets. RESULTS The results showed that core targets (including MMP 2, PPARG, IL-2, MAPK14, MMP 9, and SRC), three signaling pathways (including the PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAGE, and MAPK), and cell differentiation (including Th1, Th2, and Th17) might be related to the body's immunity and inflammation. These results suggested that HCQ might act on targets and pathways involved in inflammation and immune regulation to exert a common effect on the treatment of LN and IgAN. CONCLUSIONS The current study provided new evidence for the protective mechanism and clinical utility of HCQ against LN and IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Chen
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengshu Lin
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing Gao
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Zhang L, Wang W, Wen L, Xue F, Li J, Qian Y. Treatment for Gorham-Stout syndrome with a combination of teriparatide and denosumab. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:727-731. [PMID: 38062162 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Gorham-Stout syndrome is an aggressive, non-hereditary, and rare disease affecting bone metabolism. Its etiology and pathogenesis remain elusive. The syndrome manifests with diverse clinical symptoms, often leading to frequent misdiagnoses and presenting challenges in treatment. In this study, we report a case of cranial and maxillary osteolysis in a 47-year-old female patient with somatic mutations in the VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and VEGF-C genes and the EPHB4 gene. After treatment with bisphosphonates, this patient still had persistent resorption of the mandible, but switching to a teriparatide and denosumab combination yielded substantial improvement. This study is the first report to show that teriparatide combined with denosumab can be used to treat Gorham-Stout syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 1088 Mid Hai Yuan Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 1088 Mid Hai Yuan Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming, 650106, China.
| | - Liang Wen
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fenglin Xue
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 1088 Mid Hai Yuan Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Yemei Qian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 1088 Mid Hai Yuan Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming, 650106, China
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Fan J, Chen B, Luo Q, Li J, Huang Y, Zhu M, Chen Z, Li J, Wang J, Liu L, Wei Q, Cao D. Potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116312. [PMID: 38417288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor of urinary system, which can be divided into muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) and nonmuscle-invasive BC (NMIBC). The number of BC patients has been gradually increasing currently. At present, bladder tumours are diagnosed and followed-up using a combination of cystoscopic examination, cytology and histology. However, the detection of early grade tumors, which is much easier to treat effectively than advanced stage disease, is still insufficient. It frequently recurs and can progress when not expeditiously diagnosed and monitored following initial therapy for NMIBC. Treatment strategies are totally different for different stage diseases. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study new biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we summarize the current state of biomarker development in BC diagnosis and prognosis prediction. We retrospectively analyse eight diagnostic biomarkers and eight prognostic biomarkers, in which CK, P53, PPARγ, PTEN and ncRNA are emphasized for discussion. Eight molecular subtype systems are also identified. Clinical translation of biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and treatment will hopefully improve outcomes for patients. These potential biomarkers provide an opportunity to diagnose tumors earlier and with greater accuracy, and help identify those patients most at risk of disease recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junping Fan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuping Luo
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengli Zhu
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
O'Reilly S. Emerging therapeutic targets in systemic sclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:465-478. [PMID: 38386070 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease which is characterised by vascular perturbations, inflammation, and fibrosis. Although huge progress recently into the underlying molecular pathways that are perturbed in the disease, currently no therapy exists that targets the fibrosis element of the disease and consequently there is a huge unmet medical need. Emerging studies reveal new dimensions of complexity, and multiple aberrant pathways have been uncovered that have shed light on disturbed signalling in the disease, primarily in inflammatory pathways that can be targeted with repurposed drugs. Pre-clinical animal models using these inhibitors have yielded proof of concept for targeting these signalling systems and progressing to clinical trials. This review will examine the recent evidence of new perturbed pathways in SSc and how these can be targeted with new or repurposed drugs to target a currently intractable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven O'Reilly
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Peralta M, Lizcano F. Endocrine Disruptors and Metabolic Changes: Impact on Puberty Control. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:384-397. [PMID: 38185329 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the significant impact of environmental chemicals on disease development, focusing on their role in developing metabolic and endocrine diseases. The objective is to understand how these chemicals contribute to the increasing prevalence of precocious puberty, considering various factors, including epigenetic changes, lifestyle, and emotional disturbances. METHODS The study employs a comprehensive review of descriptive observational studies in both human and animal models to identify a degree of causality between exposure to environmental chemicals and disease development, specifically focusing on endocrine disruption. Due to ethical constraints, direct causation studies in human subjects are not feasible; therefore, the research relies on accumulated observational data. RESULTS Puberty is a crucial life period with marked physiological and psychological changes. The age at which sexual characteristics develop is changing in many regions. The findings indicate a correlation between exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the early onset of puberty. These chemicals have been shown to interfere with normal hormonal processes, particularly during critical developmental stages such as adolescence. The research also highlights the interaction of these chemical exposures with other factors, including nutritional history, social and lifestyle changes, and emotional stress, which together contribute to the prevalence of precocious puberty. CONCLUSION Environmental chemicals significantly contribute to the development of certain metabolic and endocrine diseases, particularly in the rising incidence of precocious puberty. Although the evidence is mainly observational, it adequately justifies regulatory actions to reduce exposure risks. Furthermore, these findings highlight the urgent need for more research on the epigenetic effects of these chemicals and their wider impact on human health, especially during vital developmental periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Peralta
- Center of Biomedical Investigation Universidad de La Sabana, CIBUS, Chía, Colombia
| | - Fernando Lizcano
- Center of Biomedical Investigation Universidad de La Sabana, CIBUS, Chía, Colombia; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Fundación CardioInfantil-Instituto de Cardiología, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Yu J, Wu Y, Lin S, Wang Y. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Voriconazole for Injection in Two Preparations in Chinese Healthy Adult Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:404-409. [PMID: 38326973 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Voriconazole is a second-generation, synthetic, triazole antifungal drug based on the structure of fluconazole. We compared the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of voriconazole for injection (200 mg) manufactured by at a dose of 6 mg/kg in Chinese healthy adult volunteers. This was a single-center, randomized, open, 2-preparation, single-dose, 2-period, 2-sequence, crossover bioequivalence clinical trial. Twenty-four eligible, healthy, male, and female volunteers were assigned randomly to one of 2 dose-sequence groups (test-reference group or reference-test group) in a 1:1 block. The voriconazole concentration in plasma was determined by protein precipitation and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The main PK parameters were calculated on the basis of a noncompartmental model. The ratio of the geometric mean of the maximum plasma drug concentration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to the last time of quantifiable concentration, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity of the test preparation, and the reference preparation was 100.4%, 102%, and 102.2%, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals were between 80% and 125%, indicating that the 2 preparations were bioequivalent. The adverse events experienced by healthy adult volunteers were mild. Both preparations had a good safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
- Luqiao Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Quanyang W, Yao H, Sicong W, Linlin Q, Zewei Z, Donghui H, Hongjia L, Shijun Z. Artificial intelligence in lung cancer screening: Detection, classification, prediction, and prognosis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7140. [PMID: 38581113 PMCID: PMC10997848 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exceptional capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) in extracting image information and processing complex models have led to its recognition across various medical fields. With the continuous evolution of AI technologies based on deep learning, particularly the advent of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), AI presents an expanded horizon of applications in lung cancer screening, including lung segmentation, nodule detection, false-positive reduction, nodule classification, and prognosis. METHODOLOGY This review initially analyzes the current status of AI technologies. It then explores the applications of AI in lung cancer screening, including lung segmentation, nodule detection, and classification, and assesses the potential of AI in enhancing the sensitivity of nodule detection and reducing false-positive rates. Finally, it addresses the challenges and future directions of AI in lung cancer screening. RESULTS AI holds substantial prospects in lung cancer screening. It demonstrates significant potential in improving nodule detection sensitivity, reducing false-positive rates, and classifying nodules, while also showing value in predicting nodule growth and pathological/genetic typing. CONCLUSIONS AI offers a promising supportive approach to lung cancer screening, presenting considerable potential in enhancing nodule detection sensitivity, reducing false-positive rates, and classifying nodules. However, the universality and interpretability of AI results need further enhancement. Future research should focus on the large-scale validation of new deep learning-based algorithms and multi-center studies to improve the efficacy of AI in lung cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Quanyang
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Huang Yao
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wang Sicong
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging ResearchGeneral Electric Healthcare (China)BeijingChina
| | - Qi Linlin
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhang Zewei
- PET‐CT CenterNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hou Donghui
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Li Hongjia
- PET‐CT CenterNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhao Shijun
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Li S, Li Y. Is lenvatinib in combination with transarterial chemoembolization benefit for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC)? The age interference needs to be eliminated. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:704-705. [PMID: 37943415 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Li
- Interventional Radiology Center, Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
- Interventional Radiology Center, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Mitra A, Dasgupta A, Mitra D. Cellular HSF1 expression is induced during HIV-1 infection by activation of its promoter mediated through the cooperative interaction of HSF1 and viral Nef protein. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109947. [PMID: 38417690 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) tends to activate cellular promoters driving expression of pro-viral genes by complex host-virus interactions for productive infection. We have previously demonstrated that expression of such a positive host factor HSF1 (heat shock factor 1) is elevated during HIV-1 infection; however, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we therefore examined whether HSF1 promoter is induced during HIV-1 infection leading to up-regulation of hsf1 gene expression. We mapped the putative transcription start site (TSS) predicted by Eukaryotic promoter database and deletion constructs of the predicted promoter region were tested through luciferase assay to identify the active promoter. The 347 bp upstream to 153 bp downstream region around the putative TSS displayed the highest activity and both Sp1 (stimulating protein 1) and HSF1 itself were identified to be important for its basal activation. Activity of HSF1 promoter was further stimulated during HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T cells, where interestingly the HSF1-site itself seems to play a major role. In addition, HIV-1 protein Nef (negative factor) was also observed to be responsible for the virus-mediated induction of hsf1 gene expression. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays further demonstrate that Nef and HSF1 are co-recruited to the HSF1-binding site and cooperatively act on this promoter. The interplay between host HSF1 and viral Nef on HSF1 promoter eventually leads to increase in HSF1 expression during HIV-1 infection. Understanding the mechanism of HSF1 up-regulation during HIV-1 infection might contribute to future antiviral strategies as HSF1 is a positive regulator of virus replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alapani Mitra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Anindita Dasgupta
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Debashis Mitra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Gu Y, Xu Y, Wang P, Zhao Y, Wan C. Research progress on molecular mechanism of pyroptosis caused by Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2016-2022. [PMID: 38576917 PMCID: PMC10990316 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a Gram-negative spiral bacterium, has the ability to colonize and persist in the human gastric mucosa. Persistent H. pylori infection has been identified as a major risk factor for ~80% of GC cases. The interplay between H. pylori pathogenicity, genetic background, and environmental factors collectively contribute to GC transformation. Eradicating H. pylori infection is beneficial in reducing the recurrence of gastric cancer and residual cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in GC remain incompletely understood. Additionally, H. pylori reshapes the immune microenvironment within the stomach which may compromise immunotherapy efficacy in infected individuals. Clinical eradication of H. pylori infection still faces numerous challenges. In this review, the authors summarize recent research progress on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying H. pylori infection in GC development. Notably, CagA protein-a carcinogenic virulence factor predominantly expressed by Asian strains of H. pylori-induces inflammation and excessive ROS production within gastric mucosa cells. Dysregulation of multiple pyroptosis signalling pathways can lead to malignant transformation of these cells. MiRNA-1290 plays a crucial role in GC initiation and progression while serving as an indicator for disease progression dynamics. Pyroptosis exhibits dual roles both promoting carcinogenesis and inhibiting tumour growth; thus it holds potential clinical applications for drug-resistant GC treatment strategies. Furthermore, pyroptosis may play a regulatory role within the immune system during gastric cancer development. Lastly, the authors provide an overview on current concepts regarding pyroptosis as well as insights into miRNA-1290's pathogenicity and clinical value within immune mechanisms associated with GC, aiming to serve as reference material for researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Gu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University
| | - Yeqiong Xu
- General Medical research center of Changshu Medicine Examination Institute, Changshu
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qixiu Campus Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chuandan Wan
- General Medical research center of Changshu Medicine Examination Institute, Changshu
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Kaur K, Kulkarni YA, Wairkar S. Exploring the potential of quercetin in Alzheimer's Disease: Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Nanodelivery systems. Brain Res 2024; 1834:148905. [PMID: 38565372 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a primary cause of dementia that affects millions of people worldwide and its prevalence is likely to increase largely in the coming decades. Multiple complex pathways, such as oxidative stress, tau and amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology, and cholinergic dysfunction, are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The conventional treatments provide only symptomatic relief and not a complete cure for the disease. On the other hand, recent studies have looked into the possibility of flavonoids as an effective therapeutic strategy for treating AD. Quercetin, a well-known flavonol, has been extensively studied for AD treatment. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the pharmacokinetics properties of quercetin and its modes of action, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloidogenic, and neuroprotective properties, which are beneficial in treating AD. It also highlights the nano delivery systems of quercetin, including liposomes, nanostructures lipid carriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, microemulsions, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, and nanoparticles reported for AD treatment. The remarkable potential of quercetin nanocarriers has been reflected in enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, clinical studies must be conducted to explore it as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Komaldeep Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Yang M, Zhu L, Yao H, Chen Y, Liu Z. Effects of electroacupuncture on chronic urinary retention after pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries: a retrospective cohort study. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:397-405. [PMID: 38590962 PMCID: PMC10999027 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic urinary retention (CUR) resulting from lower motor neuron lesions (LMNL) is a medical condition secondary to pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries. Electroacupuncture (EA) is proved to be effective and safe in treating certain lower urinary tract disorders. However, the clinical benefit and optimal duration of EA treatment for CUR following LMNL remain unknown. Methods Using a retrospective cohort design, 20 eligible patients diagnosed with CUR resulting from LMNL secondary to pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries were included from March 1, 2017, to June 30, 2020. The patients were treated by EA three times a week for 2 to 12 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks after treatment. The electric stimulators with a 5-Hz continuous wave (5-10 mA intensity) were separately connected to bilateral Ciliao (BL32), bilateral Zhongliao (BL33), and bilateral Huiyang (BL35), and stimulators with a 10-Hz continuous wave (1-2 mA intensity) were connected to bilateral Sanyinjiao (SP6). Current intensity was adjusted according to the patients' individual tolerance. The median follow-up was 32 weeks (range, 26-36 weeks). Responders were defined as patients whose post-void residuals (PVR) reduced by 50% or more from baseline. Adverse event was recorded. Results Totally 20 patients [mean (standard deviation) age, 48.1 (15.5) years; 9 men (45.0%); 11 women (55.0%)] were included. Of the 20 patients, 14 (70.0%) had responded to EA treatment and stopped catheterization for achieving satisfactory spontaneous urination (PVR <100 mL without complications), 7 (35.0%) had complete resolution (90-100% reduction in PVR from baseline), and 13 (65.0%) scored 1 (much better) or 2 (moderately better) in the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) assessment. Moreover, 6 (30.0%) patients had responded within 4 weeks of EA treatment. According to Kaplan-Meier survival curve, we found that more than 50% patients could respond to EA treatment within 8 weeks or longer. None of the responders had ever experienced relapse in 24 weeks after EA treatment ended. None of the patients manifested urinary tract infection (UTI), newly diagnosed hydroureter or hydronephrosis. One patient diagnosed with hydronephrosis at baseline recovered after 12-week EA treatment. Two patients with UTI at baseline were prescribed antibiotics and did not present UTI again during the follow-up. Conclusions EA could be a promising treatment option for CUR caused by LMNL following pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries, with long-term effects and a good safety profile. The optimal duration of EA should be of 8 weeks at least. But this was a retrospective cohort study of a small sample size, so future studies are needed to investigate EA in larger populations in randomized controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Houpo Chinese Medicine Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhishun Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Zhao Z, Sun X, Tu P, Ma Y, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Liu M, Wang L, Chen X, Si L, Li G, Pan Y. Mechanisms of vascular invasion after cartilage injury and potential engineering cartilage treatment strategies. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23559. [PMID: 38502020 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302391rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage injury is one of the most common diseases in orthopedic clinics. Following an articular cartilage injury, an inability to resist vascular invasion can result in cartilage calcification by newly formed blood vessels. This process ultimately leads to the loss of joint function, significantly impacting the patient's quality of life. As a result, developing anti-angiogenic methods to repair damaged cartilage has become a popular research topic. Despite this, tissue engineering, as an anti-angiogenic strategy in cartilage injury repair, has not yet been adequately investigated. This exhaustive literature review mainly focused on the process and mechanism of vascular invasion in articular cartilage injury repair and summarized the major regulatory factors and signaling pathways affecting angiogenesis in the process of cartilage injury. We aimed to discuss several potential methods for engineering cartilage repair with anti-angiogenic strategies. Three anti-angiogenic tissue engineering methods were identified, including administering angiogenesis inhibitors, applying scaffolds to manage angiogenesis, and utilizing in vitro bioreactors to enhance the therapeutic properties of cultured chondrocytes. The advantages and disadvantages of each strategy were also analyzed. By exploring these anti-angiogenic tissue engineering methods, we hope to provide guidance for researchers in related fields for future research and development in cartilage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Zhao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxian Sun
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Mengmin Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lining Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Si
- Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guangguang Li
- Orthopedics and traumatology department, Yixing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yixing, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Wu J, Deng X, Sun Y, Li J, Dai H, Qi S, Huang Y, Sun W. Aged oolong tea alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101102. [PMID: 38268839 PMCID: PMC10805651 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mechanism of aged oolong tea (AOT) to alleviate colitis was investigated in terms of microbiome, metabolome, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). AOT storage period could alleviate colitis in mice and there were some differences in AOT between storage periods, especially AOT-10. AOT improves UC by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory factors and upregulating intestinal tight junction protein expression (Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1 and MUC2), which is associated with the recovery of gut microbiota. FMT and targeted metabolomics further demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of AOT can reshape the gut microbiota through faecal bacterial transfer. Anti-inflammatory effects are exerted through the stimulation of metabolic pathways associated with amino acid, fatty acid and bile acid metabolites. Importantly, the study identified key bacteria (e.g., Sutterella, Clostridiaceae_Clostridium, Mucispirillum, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus) for the development and remission of inflammation. Conclusively, AOT may have great potential in the future adjuvant treatment of colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haomin Dai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Siyu Qi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weijiang Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Maringhini A, Rossi M, Patti R, Maringhini M, Vassallo V. Acute Pancreatitis during and after Pregnancy: A Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2028. [PMID: 38610793 PMCID: PMC11012882 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy and in the post-partum period, several diseases may arise or become exacerbated. Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease with an increasing incidence in Western countries. The incidence of acute pancreatitis during pregnancy is not different with respect to the general population, but this incidence increases in the first 2 years after delivery. Biliary sludge and stones are the most frequent aetiologies, followed by hypertriglyceridemia. Taking care of the mother and foetus through a potentially severe disease requires a team consisting of an obstetrician, a gastroenterologist, an anaesthesiologist, and a surgeon. It is necessary to monitor the health of the foetus/child and the mother during pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium. The management of this care depends on the systemic and local complications, the severity of the acute pancreatitis, and the trimester of pregnancy. Some diagnostic tools and many drugs are not safe for foetuses, while interventional endoscopy and surgery have limitations and can only be used after an accurate evaluation of benefit/risk ratios. Despite these limitations, maternal mortality due to acute pancreatitis is low during pregnancy, mainly thanks to multidisciplinary approaches for these patients. A careful diet to prevent obesity, alcohol abstinence, routine serum triglyceride control, and breastfeeding for at least three months may prevent acute pancreatitis during and after pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maringhini
- Internal Medicine, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.); (V.V.)
| | - Margherita Rossi
- Internal Medicine, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.); (V.V.)
| | - Rosalia Patti
- Pancreas Unit, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Marco Maringhini
- Internal Medicine, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.); (V.V.)
| | - Valerio Vassallo
- Internal Medicine, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.); (V.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Gao L, Chang Y, Lu S, Liu X, Yao X, Zhang W, Sun E. A nomogram for predicting the necessity of tracheostomy after severe acute brain injury in patients within the neurosurgery intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27416. [PMID: 38509924 PMCID: PMC10951500 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This retrospective study was aimed to develop a predictive model for assessing the necessity of tracheostomy (TT) in patients admitted to the neurosurgery intensive care unit (NSICU). Method We analyzed data from 1626 NSICU patients with severe acute brain injury (SABI) who were admitted to the Department of NSICU at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University between January 2021 and December 2022. Data of the patients were retrospectively obtained from the clinical research data platform. The patients were randomly divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) cohorts. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression identified the optimal predictive features. A multivariate logistic regression model was then constructed and represented by a nomogram. The efficacy of the model was evaluated based on discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. Results The model highlighted six predictive variables, including the duration of NSICU stay, neurosurgery, orotracheal intubation time, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, systolic pressure, and respiration rate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the nomogram yielded area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.854 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.822-0.886) for the training cohort and 0.865 (95% CI: 0.817-0.913) for the testing cohort, suggesting commendable differential performance. The predictions closely aligned with actual observations in both cohorts. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the numerical model offered a favorable net clinical benefit. Conclusion We developed a novel predictive model to identify risk factors for TT in SABI patients within the NSICU. This model holds the potential to assist clinicians in making timely surgical decisions concerning TT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Gao
- Department of Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Yafen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Siyuan Lu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Xiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| | - Eryi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, 212002, China
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Wu Z, Li Y, Jiang M, Sang L, Chang B. Selenium Yeast Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis in Mice by Reducing Proinflammatory Cytokines and Regulating the Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2023-2037. [PMID: 38577691 PMCID: PMC10992675 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s449335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurrent gastrointestinal inflammatory disease. Selenium has been reported to have therapeutic potential in IBD. Selenium yeast is a common selenium supplement that is convenient to access. This study explored the effect of selenium yeast on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-)induced chronic colitis in mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, selenium yeast group, chronic colitis group, and chronic colitis+selenium yeast group (n=6). Mice were killed on the 26th day. The disease activity index (DAI) score and histological damage score were calculated. Cytokines, serum selenium, colonic tissue selenium, gut microbiota and their metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were evaluated. Results Selenium yeast lowered IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22 and IFN-γ (P<0.05). In addition, selenium yeast significantly elevated Turicibacter, Bifidobacterium, Allobaculum, Prevotella, Halomonas, Adlercreutzia (P<0.05), and butyric acid (P<0.05). Conclusion Selenium yeast could improve DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice by regulating cytokines, gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixuan Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Hong F, Qiu P, Wang Y, Ren P, Liu J, Zhao J, Gou D. Chitosan-based hydrogels: From preparation to applications, a review. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101095. [PMID: 38268840 PMCID: PMC10805631 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, derived from the deacetylation of chitin, is an abundant natural biopolymer on earth. Chitosan and its derivatives have become promising biological materials because of their unique molecular structure and excellent biological activities. The reactive functional groups of chitosan such as the amino and hydroxyl groups play a crucial role in facilitating the synthesis of three-dimensional hydrogel. Chitosan-based hydrogels have been widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, and environmental fields for years. Nowadays, chitosan-based hydrogels have been found in a wide range of applications in the food industry such as food sensors, dye adsorbents and nutrient carriers. In this review, recently developed methods for the preparation of chitosan-based hydrogels were given, and the biological activities of chitosan-based hydrogels were systematically introduced. Additionally, the recent progress in food sensors, packaging, dye adsorbents, and nutrient carriers was discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the future development of chitosan-based hydrogels were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fandi Hong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Peirou Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongxia Gou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Wang Q, Liu Y, Chen R, Zhang M, Si Z, Wang Y, Jin Y, Bai Y, Song Z, Lu X, Hao M, Hao Y. Genomic insights into the evolution and mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae co-harboring bla KPC and bla NDM: implications for public health threat mitigation. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024; 23:27. [PMID: 38553771 PMCID: PMC10981300 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-024-00686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) co-producing blaKPC and blaNDM poses a serious threat to public health. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the resistance and virulence of CR-hvKP isolates collected from a Chinese hospital, with a focus on blaKPC and blaNDM dual-positive hvKP strains. METHODS Five CR-hvKP strains were isolated from a teaching hospital in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid stability testing, plasmid conjugation, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were performed to examine the mechanisms of resistance and virulence. The virulence of CR-hvKP was evaluated through serum-killing assay and Galleria mellonella lethality experiments. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 highly homologous carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) producing KPC-2 isolates from the same hospital was conducted to elucidate the potential evolutionary pathway of CRKP co-producing NDM and KPC. RESULTS WGS revealed that five isolates individually carried three unique plasmids: an IncFIB/IncHI1B-type virulence plasmid, IncFII/IncR-type plasmid harboring KPC-2 and IncC-type plasmid harboring NDM-1. The conjugation test results indicated that the transference of KPC-2 harboring IncFII/IncR-type plasmid was unsuccessful on their own, but could be transferred by forming a hybrid plasmid with the IncC plasmid harboring NDM. Further genetic analysis confirmed that the pJNKPN26-KPC plasmid was entirely integrated into the IncC-type plasmid via the copy-in route, which was mediated by TnAs1 and IS26. CONCLUSION KPC-NDM-CR-hvKP likely evolved from a KPC-2-CRKP ancestor and later acquired a highly transferable blaNDM-1 plasmid. ST11-KL64 CRKP exhibited enhanced plasticity. The identification of KPC-2-NDM-1-CR-hvKP highlights the urgent need for effective preventive strategies against aggravated accumulation of resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zaifeng Si
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yueling Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinglun Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingju Hao
- Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|