201
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Nasomjai P, Reed DW, Tozer DJ, Peach MJG, Slawin AMZ, Covello PS, O'Hagan D. Mechanistic Insights into the Cytochrome P450-Mediated Oxidation and Rearrangement of Littorine in Tropane Alkaloid Biosynthesis. Chembiochem 2009; 10:2382-93. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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202
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De Poli M, Moretto A, Crisma M, Peggion C, Formaggio F, Kaptein B, Broxterman QB, Toniolo C. Is the backbone conformation of C(alpha)-methyl proline restricted to a single region? Chemistry 2009; 15:8015-8025. [PMID: 19579242 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
C(alpha)-methyl-L-proline, or L-(alphaMe)Pro, is probably the most conformationally constrained alpha-amino acid. In particular, its omega and phi torsion angles are restricted to about 180 and -60 degrees, respectively, and only three ranges of values are theoretically available for psi in mono- or longer peptides, namely, about -30 degrees (cis', 3(10)/alpha-helical structure), 60 degrees (inverse gamma turn), or 140 degrees (trans', poly(L-Pro)(n) II structure). In this work, we examined the tendency of a number of N(alpha)-acyl dipeptide N'-alkylamides of the type RCO-(alphaMe)Pro-Xxx-NHR' or RCO-Xxx-(alphaMe)Pro-NHR', in which Xxx is L (or D)-Ala, Aib (alpha-aminoisoburyric acid), or L (or D)-(alphaMe)Pro, long enough to fold into intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded gamma or beta turns. The results are compared with those obtained for the corresponding dipeptides based on Pro, a well-known turn-forming residue. For the crystal-state 3D-structural analysis we used X-ray diffraction, whereas our solution conformational analysis was heavily based on the FTIR absorption and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy techniques. We conclude that (alphaMe)Pro is able to explore both trans' and cis' psi areas of the conformational space, but in (alphaMe)Pro the latter is overwhelmingly more populated, in marked contrast to the Pro preference. This finding is a clear indication that in (alphaMe)Pro the major 3D-structural determinant is the C(alpha)-methyl group. The circular dichroism (CD) signature of a peptide type III' beta-turn conformation is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Poli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Padova Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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203
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Cavicchioni G, Fraulini A, Falzarano S, Spisani S. Oligomeric formylpeptide activity on human neutrophils. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:4926-30. [PMID: 19748709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of oligomeric formylpeptides were synthesized by cross-linking the prototype fMLP using a Lys residue. They were then investigated for their ability to stimulate chemotaxis, superoxide anion production, and lytic enzyme release in human neutrophils. Although active in stimulating the different receptor isoforms, leading to the different biological responses, these analogues showed a lesser potency and affinity than the standard peptide. On the basis of the results reported here, we can hypothesise that: (i) the increased bulk of these molecules seems to hinder their correct positioning into the receptor pocket, thereby hindering favourable receptor interaction; and that: (ii) fMLP space positions do not seem to allow the ligand to increase biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Cavicchioni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, Ferrara 44100, Italy.
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204
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Synthesis and antitumor activity of amino acid ester derivatives containing 5-fluorouracil. Molecules 2009; 14:3142-52. [PMID: 19783913 PMCID: PMC6254981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14093142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of amino acid ester derivatives containing 5-fluorouracil were synthesized using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC·HCl) and N-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) as a coupling agent. The structures of the products were assigned by NMR, MS, IR etc. The in vitro antitumor activity tests against leukaemia HL-60 and liver cancer BEL-7402 indicated that (R)-ethyl 2-(2-(5-fluoro-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)acetamido)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate showed more inhibitory effect against BEL-7402 than 5-FU.
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205
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Role of the guanidine group in the N-terminal fragment of PTH(1–11). Amino Acids 2009; 38:1269-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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206
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Wang H, Matsuhashi H, Doan BD, Goodman SN, Ouyang X, Clark WM. Large-scale synthesis of SB-462795, a cathepsin K inhibitor: the RCM-based approaches. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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207
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Hammud HH, Holman KT, Masoud MS, El-Faham A, Beidas H. 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) acidity, formation constant with different metals and thermodynamic parameters: Synthesis and characterization of some HOBt metal complexes – Crystal structures of two polymers: [Cu2(H2O)5(OBt)2(μ-OBt)2]·2H2O·EtOH (1A) and [Cu(μ-OBt)(HOBt)(OBt)(EtOH)] (1B). Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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208
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Baciocchi E, Bietti M, Di Fusco M, Lanzalunga O, Raponi D. Electron-Transfer Properties of Short-Lived N-Oxyl Radicals. Kinetic Study of the Reactions of Benzotriazole-N-oxyl Radicals with Ferrocenes. Comparison with the Phthalimide-N-oxyl Radical. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5576-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900951c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Baciocchi
- Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche (IMC-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Bietti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Fusco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche (IMC-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Raponi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
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209
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Puri A, Bhattacharya M, Tripathi LM, Haq W. Derivatives of human beta-casein fragments (54-59) exhibit highly potent immunosuppressant activity. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:1092-6. [PMID: 19463972 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human beta-casein fragment (54-59) having the amino acid sequence Val-Glu-Pro-Ile-Pro-Tyr, has shown potent immunostimulant activity. Several analogs of this hexapeptide have been synthesized with modification at the N-terminal region and two analogs, viz. peptide I and peptide II have shown significant immunosuppressant activity in-vivo mouse model. Effect on cell mediated immunity (CMI) and humoral immunity was studied in mouse/SRBC model. Both the peptides failed to stimulate immune response in vivo and showed inhibition of CMI and humoral response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Peptides showed inhibition in alloantigen induced lymphocyte proliferation, i.e., mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) in vitro. Treatment with peptides inhibited the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and increased the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) as well as improved the skin graft survival. Cyclosporine a known immunosuppressant showed similar effect on mouse model. Present study thus provides a lead for the development of safe and effective immunosuppressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Puri
- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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210
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Wu FC, Da CS, Du ZX, Guo QP, Li WP, Yi L, Jia YN, Ma X. N-Primary-Amine-Terminal β-Turn Tetrapeptides as Organocatalysts for Highly Enantioselective Aldol Reaction. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4812-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9005766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Chun Wu
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Chao-Shan Da
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhi-Xue Du
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Qi-Peng Guo
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Wei-Ping Li
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Lei Yi
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ya-Ning Jia
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
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211
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El-Faham A, Albericio F. Synthesis and Application ofN-Hydroxylamine Derivatives as Potential Replacements for HOBt. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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212
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Charitos C, Kokotos G, Tzougraki C. Bifunctional coumarin derivatives in solution and solid phase synthesis of fluorogenic enzyme substrates. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570380122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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213
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Kassube J, Wadepohl H, Gade L. Immobilisation of the BINAP Ligand on Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers: Dependence of the Catalytic Properties on the Linker Unit. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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214
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Jiang M, Shi M. Reactions of Monoaryl-Substituted Methylenecyclobutanes and Methylenecyclopropanes with 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), 1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt), and 1-Hydroxysuccinimide (HOSu). J Org Chem 2009; 74:2516-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032 China
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215
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Ramirez F, Okazaki H, Marecek JF, Levy HM. SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED N-ALKYLMALEIMIDES AS POTENTIAL THIOL-DIRECTED ENZYME INHIBITORS. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948109356129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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216
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OKADA YOSHIO, TSUDA YUKO, NAGAMATSU YOKO, OKAMOTO UTAKO. Synthesis of peptide inhibitors of human spleen fibrinolytic proteinase (SFP) and human leukocyte elastase-like proteinase (ELP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1984.tb00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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217
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218
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Felix AM, Jimenez MH, Mowles T, Meienhofer J. CATALYTIC HYDROGENOLYSIS IN LIQUID AMMONIA.* CLEAVAGE OF Nα-BENZYLOXYCARBONYL GROUPS FROM CYSTEINE-CONTAINING PEPTIDES WITH tert-BUTYL SIDE CHAIN PROTECTION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1978.tb02857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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219
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221
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BORY SONIA, DUBOIS JOËLLE, GAUDRY MICHEL, MARQUET ANDRÉE. Vitamin-K-dependent carboxylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1984.tb03151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nispen JW, Smeets PJH, Poll EHA, Tesser GI. INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF TRYPTOPHAN IN α-MSH*:. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1977.tb03482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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225
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Blake J, Li CH. The synthesis and biological activity of (165, 182, 189-S-carbamidomethylcysteine)-human growth hormone-(140-191). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 7:495-501. [PMID: 1201912 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1975.tb02471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The peptide [165, 182, 189-S-carbamidomethylcysteine]-human growth hormone-(140-191) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method. The complement fixation, lactogenic and growth-promoting activities of the synthetic peptide were comparable to that of [165, 182, 189-S-carbamidomethylcysteine]-human growth hormone-(141-191) that was derived from the native hormone.
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BALASUBRAMANIAM A, GRUPP I, SRIVASTAVA L, TATEMOTO K, MURPHY R, JOFFE S, FISCHER J. Synthesis of neuropeptide Y*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1987.tb02232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rocchi R, Benassi CA, Guarneri M, Guggi A, Tomatis R. Synthetic peptides spanning the entire sequence of porcine pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor II (Kazal). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 6:391-5. [PMID: 4477155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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230
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NARITA MITSUAKI, UMEYAMA HIROSHI, SASAKI CHIE. Weak dependence of octapeptide solubility in organic solvents on the amino acid sequence*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1989.tb00691.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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231
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GRANDAS ANNA, JORBA XAVIER, GIRALT ERNEST, PEDROSO ENRIQUE. Anchoring of Fmoc-amino acids to hydroxymethyl resins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1989.tb00699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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232
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PATERSON YVONNE, STIMSON EVELYNR, EVANS DAVIDJ, LEACH SYDNEYJ, SCHERAGA HAROLDA. Solution conformations of oligomers of α -aminoisobutyric acid°. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1982.tb03069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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233
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PIPKORN RÜDIGER, EKBERG BJÖRN. Histidine racemization in the synthesis of an analog of the lutenizing hormone releasing factor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1986.tb01053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barlos K, Papaioannou D, Theodoropoulos D. Preparation and properties of Nα-trityl amino acid 1-hydroxybenzotriazole esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1984.tb02724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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236
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Buku A, Gazis D, Schwartz IL. Antidiuretic and pressor activities of vasopressin analogs with L-alaninamide and D-alaninamide substitutions at position 9. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 23:551-7. [PMID: 6547408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1984.tb02757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analogs of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and lysine vasopressin (LVP)--with an L-alaninamide residue or a D-alaninamide residue replacing the naturally occurring glycinamide in position 9--lose virtually all pressor activity but retain from 10 to 70% of the antidiuretic activity of their parent hormones. These findings, in conjunction with the data of others on the biological consequences of alterations in positions 7 and 8, show that the antidiuretic receptor will tolerate considerably more structural alteration in the C-terminal tripeptide "tail" of the vasopressins than will the pressor receptor.
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AKAJI KENICHI, FUJII NOBUTAKA, YAJIMA HARUAKI, MORIGA MOTOYUKI, AONO MITSURU, TAKAGI ATSUSHI. STUDIES ON PEPTIDES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1981.tb02056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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240
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BODANSZKY MIKLOS, BODANSZKY AGNES, CASARETTO MONIKA, ZAHN HELMUT. Coupling in the absence of tertiary amines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1985.tb01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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241
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KESSLER HORST, BECKER GÜNTHER, KOGLER HERBERT, FRIESE JUTTA, KERSSEBAUM RAINER. 2-(2‘-Pyridyl)-ethyl-ester (Pet ester) derivatives of polyfunctional amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1986.tb03264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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YAJIMA HARUAKI, TAKEYAMA MASAHARU, KOYAMA KANAME, TOBE TAKAYOSHI, INOUE KAZUTOMO, KAWANO TAMOTSU, ADACHI HIDEKI. STUDIES ON PEPTIDES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1980.tb02932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Akaji K, Fujii N, Yajim H, Morig M, Takagi A, Mizuta K, Noguchi M, Mcdonald T. Studies on peptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1982.tb03058.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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245
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Bauce LG, Goren HJ. Synthesis of a series of residue 1 (pyroglutamic acid) analogs of thyrotrophin releasing hormone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 14:216-26. [PMID: 118133 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1979.tb01928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis of 23 analogs of thyrotrophin releasing hormone, L-pyroglutamic acid-L-histidyl-L-prolineamide, where only the pyroglutamic acid moiety is modified. Twelve of the analogs contain different heterocyclic rings or are derivatized pyrrolidone rings. The syntheses of these pyroglutamic acid analogs are also described. Peptide bond formation was generally achieved by catalyzing carbodiimide coupling with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. The histidine side chain was protected with the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group during di- and tripeptide synthesis and was removed with benzenethiol Final purification of tripeptides involved passage of synthetic material over a Dowex 1--X4 (bicarbonate) column. The route for synthesis of thyrotrophin releasing hormone and its analogs is highly efficient, since the native hormone may be obtained with 90% efficiency.
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Romovacek H, Drabarek S, Kawasaki K, Dowd SR, Obermeier R, Hofmann K. STUDIES ON POLYPEPTIDES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Van Nispen JW, Tesser GI, Nivard RJ. Synthesis and biological activities of two ACTH-analogues containing L-norarginine in position 8. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 9:193-202. [PMID: 191418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1977.tb03481.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two new ACTH-analogues, an octadecapeptide amide and a tetracosapeptide containing the lower homologue of arginine (norarginine) in position 8, have been synthesized by the generally accepted method. Special attention was paid to the synthesis of the required tetrapeptide representing the 7-10 sequence, which was obtained either by direct introduction of L-nitronorarginine or by amidination of the gamma-amino function in a protected peptide containing alpha, gamma-diaminobutyric acid. Biological activity determination showed that the shortening e arginine side chain in position 8 results in the formation of active ACTH-analogues.
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