201
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Globig AM, Mayer LS, Heeg M, Andrieux G, Ku M, Otto-Mora P, Hipp AV, Zoldan K, Pattekar A, Rana N, Schell C, Boerries M, Hofmann M, Neumann-Haefelin C, Kuellmer A, Schmidt A, Boettler T, Tomov V, Thimme R, Hasselblatt P, Bengsch B. Exhaustion of CD39-Expressing CD8 + T Cells in Crohn's Disease Is Linked to Clinical Outcome. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:965-981.e31. [PMID: 35738329 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Exhaustion of CD8 T cells has been suggested to inform different clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease, but detailed analyses are lacking. This study aimed to identify the role of exhaustion on a single-cell level and identify relevant CD8 T cell populations in Crohn's disease. METHODS Blood and intestinal tissue from 58 patients with Crohn's disease (active disease or remission) were assessed for CD8 T cell expression of exhaustion markers and their cytokine profile by highly multiplexed flow and mass cytometry. Key disease-associated subsets were sorted and analyzed by RNA sequencing. CD39 inhibition assays were performed in vitro. RESULTS Activated CD39+ and CD39+PD-1+ CD8 T cell subsets expressing multiple exhaustion markers were enriched at low frequency in active Crohn's disease. Their cytokine production capacity was inversely linked to the Harvey-Bradshaw Index. Subset-level protein and transcriptome profiling revealed co-existence of effector and exhaustion programs in CD39+ and CD39+ PD-1+CD8 T cells, with CD39+ cells likely originating from the intestine. CD39 enzymatic activity controlled T cell cytokine production. Importantly, transcriptional exhaustion signatures were enriched in remission in CD39-expressing subsets with up-regulation of TOX. Subset-level transcriptomics revealed a CD39-related gene module that is associated with the clinical course. CONCLUSIONS These data showed a role for the exhaustion of peripheral CD39-expressing CD8 T cell subsets in Crohn's disease. Their low frequency illustrated the utility of single-cell cytometry methods for identification of relevant immune populations. Importantly, the link of their exhaustion status to the clinical activity and their specific gene signatures have implications for exhaustion-based personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Globig
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lena Sophie Mayer
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manching Ku
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Otto-Mora
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Veronika Hipp
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Zoldan
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ajinkya Pattekar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nisha Rana
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schell
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Armin Kuellmer
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arthur Schmidt
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Boettler
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vesselin Tomov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert Thimme
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hasselblatt
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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202
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Hashimoto M, Araki K, Cardenas MA, Li P, Jadhav RR, Kissick HT, Hudson WH, McGuire DJ, Obeng RC, Wieland A, Lee J, McManus DT, Ross JL, Im SJ, Lee J, Lin JX, Hu B, West EE, Scharer CD, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH, Ramalingam SS, Pellerin A, Teichgräber V, Greenleaf WJ, Klein C, Goronzy JJ, Umaña P, Leonard WJ, Smith KA, Ahmed R. PD-1 combination therapy with IL-2 modifies CD8 + T cell exhaustion program. Nature 2022; 610:173-181. [PMID: 36171288 PMCID: PMC9793890 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 is highly effective during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection1. Here we examine the underlying basis for this synergy. We show that PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy, in contrast to PD-1 monotherapy, substantially changes the differentiation program of the PD-1+TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells and results in the generation of transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct effector CD8+ T cells that resemble highly functional effector CD8+ T cells seen after an acute viral infection. The generation of these qualitatively superior CD8+ T cells that mediate viral control underlies the synergy between PD-1 and IL-2. Our results show that the PD-1+TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells, also referred to as precursors of exhausted CD8+ T cells, are not fate-locked into the exhaustion program and their differentiation trajectory can be changed by IL-2 signals. These virus-specific effector CD8+ T cells emerging from the stem-like CD8+ T cells after combination therapy expressed increased levels of the high-affinity IL-2 trimeric (CD25-CD122-CD132) receptor. This was not seen after PD-1 blockade alone. Finally, we show that CD25 engagement with IL-2 has an important role in the observed synergy between IL-2 cytokine and PD-1 blockade. Either blocking CD25 with an antibody or using a mutated version of IL-2 that does not bind to CD25 but still binds to CD122 and CD132 almost completely abrogated the synergistic effects observed after PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy. There is considerable interest in PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy for patients with cancer2,3, and our fundamental studies defining the underlying mechanisms of how IL-2 synergizes with PD-1 blockade should inform these human translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Hashimoto
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Koichi Araki
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria A Cardenas
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit R Jadhav
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine and Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Haydn T Kissick
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William H Hudson
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donald J McGuire
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Obeng
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andreas Wieland
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Judong Lee
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel T McManus
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James L Ross
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Se Jin Im
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwa Lee
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Xin Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin E West
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - William J Greenleaf
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jorg J Goronzy
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine and Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kendall A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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203
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Liang T, Wang X, Liu Y, Ai H, Wang Q, Wang X, Wei X, Song Y, Yin Q. Decreased TCF1 and BCL11B expression predicts poor prognosis for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:985280. [PMID: 36211334 PMCID: PMC9539190 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell immune dysfunction is a prominent characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and the main cause of failure for immunotherapy and multi-drug resistance. There remains a lack of specific biomarkers for evaluating T cell immune status with outcome for CLL patients. T cell factor 1 (TCF1, encoded by the TCF7 gene) can be used as a critical determinant of successful anti-tumor immunotherapy and a prognostic indicator in some solid tumors; however, the effects of TCF1 in CLL remain unclear. Here, we first analyzed the biological processes and functions of TCF1 and co-expressing genes using the GEO and STRING databases with the online tools Venny, Circos, and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Then the expression and prognostic values of TCF1 and its partner gene B cell leukemia/lymphoma 11B (BCL11B) were explored for 505 CLL patients from 6 datasets and validated with 50 CLL patients from Henan cancer hospital (HNCH). TCF1 was downregulated in CLL patients, particularly in CD8+ T cells, which was significantly correlated with poor time-to-first treatment (TTFT) and overall survival (OS) as well as short restricted mean survival time (RMST). Function and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that TCF1 was positively correlated with BCL11B, which is involved in regulating the activation and differentiation of T cells in CLL patients. Intriguingly, BCL11B was highly consistent with TCF1 in its decreased expression and prediction of poor prognosis. More importantly, the combination of TCF1 and BCL11B could more accurately assess prognosis than either alone. Additionally, decreased TCF1 and BCL11B expression serves as an independent risk factor for rapid disease progression, coinciding with high-risk indicators, including unmutated IGHV, TP53 alteration, and advanced disease. Altogether, this study demonstrates that decreased TCF1 and BCL11B expression is significantly correlated with poor prognosis, which may be due to decreased TCF1+CD8+ T cells, impairing the effector CD8+ T cell differentiation regulated by TCF1/BCL11B.
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204
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Zhang L, Zhang B, Li L, Ye Y, Wu Y, Yuan Q, Xu W, Wen X, Guo X, Nian S. Novel targets for immunotherapy associated with exhausted CD8 + T cells in cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2243-2258. [PMID: 36107246 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In response to prolonged stimulation by tumour antigens, T cells gradually become exhausted. There is growing evidence that exhausted T cells not only lose their potent effector functions but also express multiple inhibitory receptors. Checkpoint blockade (CPB) therapy can improve cancer by reactivating exhausted effector cell function, leading to durable clinical responses, but further improvements are needed given the limited number of patients who benefit from treatment, even with autoimmune complications. Here, we suggest, based on recent advances that tumour antigens are the primary culprits of exhaustion, followed by some immune cells and cytokines that also play an accomplice role in the exhaustion process, and we also propose that chronic stress-induced hypoxia and hormones also play an important role in promoting T-cell exhaustion. Understanding the classification of exhausted CD8+ T-cell subpopulations and their functions is important for the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade therapies. We mapped the differentiation of T-cell exhausted subpopulations by changes in transcription factors, indicating that T-cell exhaustion is a dynamic developmental process. Finally, we summarized the novel immune checkpoints associated with depletion in recent years and combined them with bioinformatics to construct a web of exhaustion-related immune checkpoints with the aim of finding novel therapeutic targets associated with T-cell exhaustion in malignant tumours, aiming to revive the killing ability of exhausted T cells and restore anti-tumour immunity through combined targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin Li
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yingchun Ye
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuchuan Wu
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wen
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiyuan Guo
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Siji Nian
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No 1, Xianglin road, Luzhou City, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
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205
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Salomé B, Sfakianos JP, Ranti D, Daza J, Bieber C, Charap A, Hammer C, Banchereau R, Farkas AM, Ruan DF, Izadmehr S, Geanon D, Kelly G, de Real RM, Lee B, Beaumont KG, Shroff S, Wang YA, Wang YC, Thin TH, Garcia-Barros M, Hegewisch-Solloa E, Mace EM, Wang L, O'Donnell T, Chowell D, Fernandez-Rodriguez R, Skobe M, Taylor N, Kim-Schulze S, Sebra RP, Palmer D, Clancy-Thompson E, Hammond S, Kamphorst AO, Malmberg KJ, Marcenaro E, Romero P, Brody R, Viard M, Yuki Y, Martin M, Carrington M, Mehrazin R, Wiklund P, Mellman I, Mariathasan S, Zhu J, Galsky MD, Bhardwaj N, Horowitz A. NKG2A and HLA-E define an alternative immune checkpoint axis in bladder cancer. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:1027-1043.e9. [PMID: 36099881 PMCID: PMC9479122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-blockade immunotherapies have limited efficacy in the treatment of bladder cancer. Here, we show that NKG2A associates with improved survival and responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy in bladder tumors that have high abundance of CD8+ T cells. In bladder tumors, NKG2A is acquired on CD8+ T cells later than PD-1 as well as other well-established immune checkpoints. NKG2A+ PD-1+ CD8+ T cells diverge from classically defined exhausted T cells through their ability to react to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-deficient tumors using T cell receptor (TCR)-independent innate-like mechanisms. HLA-ABC expression by bladder tumors is progressively diminished as disease progresses, framing the importance of targeting TCR-independent anti-tumor functions. Notably, NKG2A+ CD8+ T cells are inhibited when HLA-E is expressed by tumors and partly restored upon NKG2A blockade in an HLA-E-dependent manner. Overall, our study provides a framework for subsequent clinical trials combining NKG2A blockade with other T cell-targeted immunotherapies, where tumors express higher levels of HLA-E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérengère Salomé
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John P Sfakianos
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Ranti
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jorge Daza
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christine Bieber
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew Charap
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christian Hammer
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Romain Banchereau
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Adam M Farkas
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dan Fu Ruan
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sudeh Izadmehr
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Geanon
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Geoffrey Kelly
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ronaldo M de Real
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brian Lee
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kristin G Beaumont
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sanjana Shroff
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yuanshuo A Wang
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tin Htwe Thin
- Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Monica Garcia-Barros
- Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Everardo Hegewisch-Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | - Timothy O'Donnell
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Diego Chowell
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruben Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mihaela Skobe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole Taylor
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert P Sebra
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Doug Palmer
- AstraZeneca, Oncology R & D Unit, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Scott Hammond
- AstraZeneca, Oncology R & D Unit, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Alice O Kamphorst
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Brody
- Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mathias Viard
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Yuko Yuki
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Maureen Martin
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Reza Mehrazin
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter Wiklund
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ira Mellman
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sanjeev Mariathasan
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Amir Horowitz
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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206
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Li F, Liu H, Zhang D, Ma Y, Zhu B. Metabolic plasticity and regulation of T cell exhaustion. Immunology 2022; 167:482-494. [DOI: 10.1111/imm.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence‐Based Medicine and Clinical Translation & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics Gansu Provincial Hospital Lanzhou China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence‐Based Medicine and Clinical Translation & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence‐Based Medicine and Clinical Translation & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Bingdong Zhu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence‐Based Medicine and Clinical Translation & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biosafety Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
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207
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Zebley CC, Youngblood B. Mechanisms of T cell exhaustion guiding next-generation immunotherapy. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:726-734. [PMID: 35570136 PMCID: PMC9388609 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The functional decline in T cells during their chronic stimulation, commonly referred to as T cell exhaustion, is a major limitation for current immunotherapy approaches. As modern medicine embraces therapeutic approaches that exploit the immuno-oncology interface, a primary question is how is T cell function maintained over time in scenarios of prolonged tumor burden. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of T cell exhaustion is now enabling the field to begin using cardinal features of T cell differentiation to develop biomarkers that can delineate responders from nonresponders prior to treatment with T cell-based therapeutics. Furthermore, applying principles of basic T cell immunity toward the development of cancer treatments is laying a foundation for rational approaches to improve immunotherapy by redirecting T cells away from a dysfunctional developmental trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Zebley
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Ben Youngblood
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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208
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Bucktrout SL, Banovich NE, Butterfield LH, Cimen-Bozkus C, Giles JR, Good Z, Goodman D, Jonsson VD, Lareau C, Marson A, Maurer DM, Munson PV, Stubbington M, Taylor S, Cutchin A. Advancing T cell-based cancer therapy with single-cell technologies. Nat Med 2022; 28:1761-1764. [PMID: 36127419 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas E Banovich
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Cansu Cimen-Bozkus
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zinaida Good
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute and Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Goodman
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa D Jonsson
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Caleb Lareau
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute for Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Deena M Maurer
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul V Munson
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
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209
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Liu B, Zhang Y, Wang D, Hu X, Zhang Z. Single-cell meta-analyses reveal responses of tumor-reactive CXCL13 + T cells to immune-checkpoint blockade. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1123-1136. [PMID: 36138134 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies represent a paradigm shift in the treatment of human cancers; however, it remains incompletely understood how tumor-reactive T cells respond to ICB across tumor types. Here, we demonstrate that measuring CXCL13 expression could effectively identify both precursor and terminally differentiated tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells within tumors. Applying this approach, we performed meta-analyses of published single-cell data for CXCL13+CD8+ T cells in 225 samples from 102 patients treated with ICB across five cancer types. We found that CXCL13+CD8+ T cells were correlated with favorable responses to ICB, and the treatment further increased such cells in responsive tumors. In addition, CXCL13+ tumor-reactive subsets exhibited variable responses to ICB in distinct contexts, likely due to different degrees of exhaustion-related immunosuppression. Our integrated analyses provide insights into mechanisms underlying ICB and suggest that bolstering precursor tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells might provide an effective therapeutic approach to improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Liu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovative Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovative Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueda Hu
- Analytical Biosciences Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Zemin Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovative Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.
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210
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Tsui C, Kretschmer L, Rapelius S, Gabriel SS, Chisanga D, Knöpper K, Utzschneider DT, Nüssing S, Liao Y, Mason T, Torres SV, Wilcox SA, Kanev K, Jarosch S, Leube J, Nutt SL, Zehn D, Parish IA, Kastenmüller W, Shi W, Buchholz VR, Kallies A. MYB orchestrates T cell exhaustion and response to checkpoint inhibition. Nature 2022; 609:354-360. [PMID: 35978192 PMCID: PMC9452299 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells that respond to chronic viral infections or cancer are characterized by the expression of inhibitory receptors such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and by the impaired production of cytokines. This state of restrained functionality—which is referred to as T cell exhaustion1,2—is maintained by precursors of exhausted T (TPEX) cells that express the transcription factor T cell factor 1 (TCF1), self-renew and give rise to TCF1− exhausted effector T cells3–6. Here we show that the long-term proliferative potential, multipotency and repopulation capacity of exhausted T cells during chronic infection are selectively preserved in a small population of transcriptionally distinct CD62L+ TPEX cells. The transcription factor MYB is not only essential for the development of CD62L+ TPEX cells and maintenance of the antiviral CD8+ T cell response, but also induces functional exhaustion and thereby prevents lethal immunopathology. Furthermore, the proliferative burst in response to PD-1 checkpoint inhibition originates exclusively from CD62L+ TPEX cells and depends on MYB. Our findings identify CD62L+ TPEX cells as a stem-like population that is central to the maintenance of long-term antiviral immunity and responsiveness to immunotherapy. Moreover, they show that MYB is a transcriptional orchestrator of two fundamental aspects of exhausted T cell responses: the downregulation of effector function and the long-term preservation of self-renewal capacity. CD62L+ precursors of exhausted T cells retain long-term proliferative potential, multipotency and repopulation capacity, and the transcription factor MYB is essential for the development and function of this population of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlson Tsui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lorenz Kretschmer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Svenja Rapelius
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah S Gabriel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Chisanga
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Konrad Knöpper
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel T Utzschneider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simone Nüssing
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang Liao
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Teisha Mason
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Santiago Valle Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen A Wilcox
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Krystian Kanev
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Justin Leube
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Ian A Parish
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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211
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Wang PH, Washburn R, Maniar R, Mu M, Ringham O, Kratchmarov R, Henick BS, Reiner SL. Cutting Edge: Promoting T Cell Factor 1 + T Cell Self-Renewal to Improve Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Blockade. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:660-664. [PMID: 35905999 PMCID: PMC9387677 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade is limited by resistance to treatment, with many patients not achieving durable antitumor responses. Self-renewing (T cell factor 1+ [TCF1+]) CD8+ T cells have recently been implicated in efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1). Mice challenged with syngeneic tumors were treated with anti-PD-1 and/or a reversible inhibitor of PI3K δ, designed to promote T cell self-renewal. Growth of tumors in untreated mice was characterized by waning proportions of TCF1+ T cells, suggesting self-renewing T cells become limiting for successful immunotherapy. Higher proportions of TCF1+ T cells in tumor and blood correlated with better control of tumor growth. Combining anti-PD-1 and inhibitor of PI3K δ conferred superior protection compared with either monotherapy and was associated with higher frequency of TCF1+ T cells in tumor and blood compared with anti-PD-1 alone. These findings reveal predictive importance of self-renewing T cells in anti-tumor immunity and suggest that resistance-directed strategies to enhance T cell self-renewal could potentiate the efficacy of PD-1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert Washburn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Rohan Maniar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Michael Mu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Olivia Ringham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Radomir Kratchmarov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian S Henick
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Steven L Reiner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY;
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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212
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D’Alise AM, Brasu N, De Intinis C, Leoni G, Russo V, Langone F, Baev D, Micarelli E, Petiti L, Picelli S, Fakih M, Le DT, Overman MJ, Shields AF, Pedersen KS, Shah MA, Mukherjee S, Faivre T, Delaite P, Scarselli E, Pace L. Adenoviral-based vaccine promotes neoantigen-specific CD8 + T cell stemness and tumor rejection. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo7604. [PMID: 35947675 PMCID: PMC9844517 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo7604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Upon chronic antigen exposure, CD8+ T cells become exhausted, acquiring a dysfunctional state correlated with the inability to control infection or tumor progression. In contrast, stem-like CD8+ T progenitors maintain the ability to promote and sustain effective immunity. Adenovirus (Ad)-vectored vaccines encoding tumor neoantigens have been shown to eradicate large tumors when combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (αPD-1) in murine models; however, the mechanisms and translational potential have not yet been elucidated. Here, we show that gorilla Ad vaccine targeting tumor neoepitopes enhances responses to αPD-1 therapy by improving immunogenicity and antitumor efficacy. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that the combination of Ad vaccine and αPD-1 increased the number of murine polyfunctional neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells over αPD-1 monotherapy, with an accumulation of Tcf1+ stem-like progenitors in draining lymph nodes and effector CD8+ T cells in tumors. Combined T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing analysis highlighted a broader spectrum of neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells upon vaccination compared to αPD-1 monotherapy. The translational relevance of these data is supported by results obtained in the first 12 patients with metastatic deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) tumors vaccinated with an Ad vaccine encoding shared neoantigens. Expansion and diversification of TCRs were observed in post-treatment biopsies of patients with clinical response, as well as an increase in tumor-infiltrating T cells with an effector memory signature. These findings indicate a promising mechanism to overcome resistance to PD-1 blockade by promoting immunogenicity and broadening the spectrum and magnitude of neoantigen-specific T cells infiltrating tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Brasu
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,University of Turin, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo De Intinis
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy
| | | | - Valentina Russo
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,University of Turin, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Denis Baev
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy
| | | | - Luca Petiti
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy
| | - Simone Picelli
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marwan Fakih
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Dung T. Le
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | - Anthony F. Shields
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Katrina S. Pedersen
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elisa Scarselli
- Nouscom SRL, 00128 Rome, Italy,Corresponding author. (L. Pace); (E.S.)
| | - Luigia Pace
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO- IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Turin), Italy,Corresponding author. (L. Pace); (E.S.)
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213
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Ando S, Araki K. CD8 T cell heterogeneity during T cell exhaustion and PD-1-targeted immunotherapy. Int Immunol 2022; 34:571-577. [PMID: 35901837 PMCID: PMC9533227 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent antigenic stimulation results in loss of effector function or physical deletion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells. This T cell state is called T cell exhaustion and occurs during chronic infection and cancer. Antigen-specific CD8 T cells during T cell exhaustion express the inhibitory receptor PD-1, the expression of which plays a major role in T cell dysfunction. PD-1 blockade re-invigorates CD8 T cell immunity and has been proven effective against many different types of human cancer. To further improve the efficacy of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy in cancer patients, a better understanding of T cell exhaustion is required. Recent studies have revealed that antigen-specific CD8 T cells during T cell exhaustion are heterogeneous and have also uncovered the detailed mechanisms for PD-1-targeted immunotherapy. Here, we review the CD8 T cell subsets that arise during T cell exhaustion, the lineage relationship among these individual subsets and the role of each subset in PD-1 blockade. Also, we discuss potential strategies to enhance the efficacy of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Ando
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45229 OH, USA
| | - Koichi Araki
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45229 OH, USA
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214
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Resilient T-cell responses in patients with advanced cancers. Int J Hematol 2022; 117:634-639. [PMID: 35864292 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although cancer burden in patients with advanced disease results in many failed prior therapies, some patients still achieve durable responses to immunotherapy implying that remnant and resilient cytotoxic T cells are present in these responders. Since patients with more resilient T cells are likely to benefit from immunotherapy, it will be important to determine how resilient T cells in patients can be identified and to define the mechanisms by which tumor-reactive resilient T cells can be generated. In this review, we summarized recent advances in research on resilient T cells in patients with advanced cancers and proposed future research directions. From there, we expect to leverage this knowledge to generate or expand the resilient T cells in patients who do not respond to initial immunotherapy and convert them into responders.
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215
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Snell LM. CD4 + progenitor cells sustain helper responses during chronic infection. Immunity 2022; 55:1143-1145. [PMID: 35830820 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
How CD4+ T cell responses are maintained during chronic infection is unknown. In this issue of Immunity, Xia et al. (2022) identify a progenitor T cell subset that gives rise to effector and follicular helper T cells to sustain antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Snell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Alanio C, Binder ZA, Chang RB, Nasrallah MP, Delman D, Li JH, Tang OY, Zhang LY, Zhang JV, Wherry EJ, O’Rourke DM, Beatty GL. Immunologic Features in De Novo and Recurrent Glioblastoma Are Associated with Survival Outcomes. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:800-810. [PMID: 35507919 PMCID: PMC9250610 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunologically "cold" tumor characterized by poor responsiveness to immunotherapy. Standard of care for GBM is surgical resection followed by chemoradiotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy. However, tumor recurrence is the norm, and recurring tumors are found frequently to have acquired molecular changes (e.g., mutations) that may influence their immunobiology. Here, we compared the immune contexture of de novo GBM and recurrent GBM (rGBM) using high-dimensional cytometry and multiplex IHC. Although myeloid and T cells were similarly abundant in de novo and rGBM, their spatial organization within tumors differed and was linked to outcomes. In rGBM, T cells were enriched and activated in perivascular regions and clustered with activated macrophages and fewer regulatory T cells. Moreover, a higher expression of phosphorylated STAT1 by T cells in these regions at recurrence was associated with a favorable prognosis. Together, our data identify differences in the immunobiology of de novo GBM and rGBM and identify perivascular T cells as potential therapeutic targets. See related Spotlight by Bayik et al., p. 787.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Alanio
- INSERM U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France,Laboratoire d'immunologie clinique, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Correspondence: Gregory L. Beatty, MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, South Pavilion, Room 8-107, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, , Cecile Alanio, MD, PhD, Deputy Director of the Clinical Immunology Laboratory at Institut Curie, Scientist in the U932 INSERM “Immunity and Cancer” Unit, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Hopital - 2ème Etage, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France,
| | - Zev A. Binder
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Renee B. Chang
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - MacLean P. Nasrallah
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Devora Delman
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Joey H. Li
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Oliver Y. Tang
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903
| | - Logan Y. Zhang
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Jiasi Vicky Zhang
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - E. John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Donald M. O’Rourke
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Gregory L. Beatty
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA,Correspondence: Gregory L. Beatty, MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, South Pavilion, Room 8-107, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, , Cecile Alanio, MD, PhD, Deputy Director of the Clinical Immunology Laboratory at Institut Curie, Scientist in the U932 INSERM “Immunity and Cancer” Unit, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Hopital - 2ème Etage, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France,
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217
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Strongin Z, Hoang TN, Tharp GK, Rahmberg AR, Harper JL, Nguyen K, Franchitti L, Cervasi B, Lee M, Zhang Z, Boritz EA, Silvestri G, Marconi VC, Bosinger SE, Brenchley JM, Kulpa DA, Paiardini M. The role of CD101-expressing CD4 T cells in HIV/SIV pathogenesis and persistence. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010723. [PMID: 35867722 PMCID: PMC9348691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose major challenges, with extensive pathogenesis during acute and chronic infection prior to ART initiation and continued persistence in a reservoir of infected CD4 T cells during long-term ART. CD101 has recently been characterized to play an important role in CD4 Treg potency. Using the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model of HIV infection in rhesus macaques, we characterized the role and kinetics of CD101+ CD4 T cells in longitudinal SIV infection. Phenotypic analyses and single-cell RNAseq profiling revealed that CD101 marked CD4 Tregs with high immunosuppressive potential, distinct from CD101- Tregs, and these cells also were ideal target cells for HIV/SIV infection, with higher expression of CCR5 and α4β7 in the gut mucosa. Notably, during acute SIV infection, CD101+ CD4 T cells were preferentially depleted across all CD4 subsets when compared with their CD101- counterpart, with a pronounced reduction within the Treg compartment, as well as significant depletion in mucosal tissue. Depletion of CD101+ CD4 was associated with increased viral burden in plasma and gut and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines. While restored during long-term ART, the reconstituted CD101+ CD4 T cells display a phenotypic profile with high expression of inhibitory receptors (including PD-1 and CTLA-4), immunsuppressive cytokine production, and high levels of Ki-67, consistent with potential for homeostatic proliferation. Both the depletion of CD101+ cells and phenotypic profile of these cells found in the SIV model were confirmed in people with HIV on ART. Overall, these data suggest an important role for CD101-expressing CD4 T cells at all stages of HIV/SIV infection and a potential rationale for targeting CD101 to limit HIV pathogenesis and persistence, particularly at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Strongin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Timothy N. Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gregory K. Tharp
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Andrew R. Rahmberg
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Justin L. Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kevin Nguyen
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lavinia Franchitti
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Barbara Cervasi
- Flow Cytometry Core, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Max Lee
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Eli A. Boritz
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Vincent C. Marconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases Research, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jason M. Brenchley
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Deanna A. Kulpa
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhu L, Zhou X, Gu M, Kim J, Li Y, Ko CJ, Xie X, Gao T, Cheng X, Sun SC. Dapl1 controls NFATc2 activation to regulate CD8 + T cell exhaustion and responses in chronic infection and cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1165-1176. [PMID: 35773432 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are central mediators of immune responses against infections and cancer. Here we identified Dapl1 as a crucial regulator of CD8+ T cell responses to cancer and infections. Dapl1 deficiency promotes the expansion of tumour-infiltrating effector memory-like CD8+ T cells and prevents their functional exhaustion, coupled with increased antitumour immunity and improved efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy. Dapl1 controls activation of NFATc2, a transcription factor required for the effector function of CD8+ T cells. Although NFATc2 mediates induction of the immune checkpoint receptor Tim3, competent NFATc2 activation prevents functional exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, exhausted CD8+ T cells display attenuated NFATc2 activation due to Tim3-mediated feedback inhibition; Dapl1 deletion rescues NFATc2 activation and thereby prevents dysfunction of exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic infection and cancer. These findings establish Dapl1 as a crucial regulator of CD8+ T cell immunity and a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhu
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Flagship Labs 91, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Meidi Gu
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiseong Kim
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Bristol Myers Squibb, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yanchuan Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun-Jung Ko
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,AbbVie, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tianxiao Gao
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Cheng
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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219
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Niborski LL, Gueguen P, Ye M, Thiolat A, Ramos RN, Caudana P, Denizeau J, Colombeau L, Rodriguez R, Goudot C, Luccarini JM, Soudé A, Bournique B, Broqua P, Pace L, Baulande S, Sedlik C, Quivy JP, Almouzni G, Cohen JL, Zueva E, Waterfall JJ, Amigorena S, Piaggio E. CD8+T cell responsiveness to anti-PD-1 is epigenetically regulated by Suv39h1 in melanomas. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3739. [PMID: 35768432 PMCID: PMC9243005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells progressively lose functionality and fail to reject tumors. The underlying mechanism and re-programing induced by checkpoint blockers are incompletely understood. We show here that genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of histone lysine methyltransferase Suv39h1 delays tumor growth and potentiates tumor rejection by anti-PD-1. In the absence of Suv39h1, anti-PD-1 induces alternative activation pathways allowing survival and differentiation of IFNγ and Granzyme B producing effector cells that express negative checkpoint molecules, but do not reach final exhaustion. Their transcriptional program correlates with that of melanoma patients responding to immune-checkpoint blockade and identifies the emergence of cytolytic-effector tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a biomarker of clinical response. Anti-PD-1 favors chromatin opening in loci linked to T-cell activation, memory and pluripotency, but in the absence of Suv39h1, cells acquire accessibility in cytolytic effector loci. Overall, Suv39h1 inhibition enhances anti-tumor immune responses, alone or combined with anti-PD-1, suggesting that Suv39h1 is an “epigenetic checkpoint” for tumor immunity. Understanding CD8 + T cell response to immune checkpoint blockade at the molecular level is important for the design of more efficient cancer immune therapies. Authors show here that the histone lysine methyltransferase Suv39h1 controls the transcriptional programs that determine the functionality of CD8 + T cells and Suv39h1 inhibition may potentiate anti-PD-1 therapy of melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Laura Niborski
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Paul Gueguen
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Mengliang Ye
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Allan Thiolat
- Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France
| | - Rodrigo Nalio Ramos
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Caudana
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Jordan Denizeau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Chemical Biology of Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Chemical Biology of Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Christel Goudot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Anne Soudé
- Inventiva, 50 rue de Dijon, 21121, Daix, France
| | | | | | - Luigia Pace
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- Institut Curie, Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Christine Sedlik
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quivy
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR3664, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS, UMR3664, F-7005, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR3664, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS, UMR3664, F-7005, Paris, France
| | - José L Cohen
- Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France
| | - Elina Zueva
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Joshua J Waterfall
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France.,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Amigorena
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France. .,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005, Paris, France. .,INSERM U932, F-75005, Paris, France. .,Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.
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220
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Conner M, Hance KW, Yadavilli S, Smothers J, Waight JD. Emergence of the CD226 Axis in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914406. [PMID: 35812451 PMCID: PMC9263721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a set of immune receptors that interact with members of the nectin/nectin-like (necl) family has garnered significant attention as possible points of manipulation in cancer. Central to this axis, CD226, TIGIT, and CD96 represent ligand (CD155)-competitive co-stimulatory/inhibitory receptors, analogous to the CTLA-4/B7/CD28 tripartite. The identification of PVRIG (CD112R) and CD112 has introduced complexity and enabled additional nodes of therapeutic intervention. By virtue of the clinical progression of TIGIT antagonists and emergence of novel CD96- and PVRIG-based approaches, our overall understanding of the 'CD226 axis' in cancer immunotherapy is starting to take shape. However, several questions remain regarding the unique characteristics of, and mechanistic interplay between, each receptor-ligand pair. This review provides an overview of the CD226 axis in the context of cancer, with a focus on the status of immunotherapeutic strategies (TIGIT, CD96, and PVRIG) and their underlying biology (i.e., cis/trans interactions). We also integrate our emerging knowledge of the immune populations involved, key considerations for Fc gamma (γ) receptor biology in therapeutic activity, and a snapshot of the rapidly evolving clinical landscape.
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221
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Wildner NH, Walker A, Brauneck F, Ditt V, Peine S, Huber S, Haag F, Beisel C, Timm J, Schulze zur Wiesch J. Transcriptional Pattern Analysis of Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Hepatitis C Infection: Increased Expression of TOX and Eomesodermin During and After Persistent Antigen Recognition. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886646. [PMID: 35734162 PMCID: PMC9207347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box (TOX) has been described to be a key regulator in the formation of CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with different lengths of antigen exposure in acute, chronic, and after resolution of HCV infection is the ideal immunological model to study the expression of TOX in HCV-specific CD8+ T cells with different exposure to antigen. HCV-specific CD8+ T cells from 35 HLA-A*01:01, HLA-A*02:01, and HLA-A*24:02 positive patients were analyzed with a 16-color FACS-panel evaluating the surface expression of lineage markers (CD3, CD8), ectoenzymes (CD39, CD73), markers of differentiation (CD45RO, CCR7, CD127), and markers of exhaustion and activation (TIGIT, PD-1, KLRG1, CD226) and transcription factors (TOX, Eomesodermin, T-bet). Here, we defined on-target T cells as T cells against epitopes without escape mutations and off-target T cells as those against a "historical" antigen mutated in the autologous sequence. TOX+HCV-specific CD8+ T cells from patients with chronic HCV and on-target T cells displayed co-expression of Eomesodermin and were associated with the formation of terminally exhausted CD127-PD1hi, CD39hi, CD73low CD8+ T cells. In contrast, TOX+HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in patients with off-target T cells represented a progenitor memory Tex phenotype characterized by CD127hi expression and a CD39low and CD73hi phenotype. TOX+HCV-specified CD8+ T cells in patients with a sustained virologic response were characterized by a memory phenotype (CD127+, CD73hi) and co-expression of immune checkpoints and Eomesodermin, indicating a key structure in priming of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in the chronic stage, which persisted as a residual after therapy. Overall, the occurrence of TOX+HCV-specific CD8+ T cells was revealed at each disease stage, which impacted the development of progenitor Tex, intermediate Tex, and terminally exhausted T cell through an individual molecular footprint. In sum, TOX is induced early during acute infection but is modulated by changes in viral sequence and antigen recognition. In the case of antigen persistence, the interaction with Eomesodermin leads to the formation of terminally exhausted virus-specific CD8+ T cells, and there was a direct correlation of the co-expression of TOX and Eomes and terminally exhausted phenotype of virus-specific CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H. Wildner
- I. Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Walker
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Brauneck
- II. Department of Medicine, Center for Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Ditt
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Diagnostics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Beisel
- I. Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Timm
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze zur Wiesch
- I. Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
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Calvet-Mirabent M, Sánchez-Cerrillo I, Martín-Cófreces N, Martínez-Fleta P, de la Fuente H, Tsukalov I, Delgado-Arévalo C, Calzada MJ, de Los Santos I, Sanz J, García-Fraile L, Sánchez-Madrid F, Alfranca A, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ, Buzón MJ, Martín-Gayo E. Antiretroviral therapy duration and immunometabolic state determine efficacy of ex vivo dendritic cell-based treatment restoring functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cells in people living with HIV. EBioMedicine 2022; 81:104090. [PMID: 35665682 PMCID: PMC9301875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) receiving anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has restricted the efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapies against HIV-1. Heterogeneous immune exhaustion and metabolic states of CD8+ T cells might differentially associate with dysfunction. However, specific parameters associated to functional restoration of CD8+ T cells after DC treatment have not been investigated. Methods We studied association of restoration of functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses after stimulation with Gag-adjuvant-primed DC with ART duration, exhaustion, metabolic and memory cell subsets profiles. Findings HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses from a larger proportion of PLWH on long-term ART (more than 10 years; LT-ARTp) improved polyfunctionality and capacity to eliminate autologous p24+ infected CD4+ T cells in vitro. In contrast, functional improvement of CD8+ T cells from PLWH on short-term ART (less than a decade; ST-ARTp) after DC treatment was limited. This was associated with lower frequencies of central memory CD8+ T cells, increased co-expression of PD1 and TIGIT and reduced mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis induction upon TCR activation. In contrast, CD8+ T cells from LT-ARTp showed increased frequencies of TIM3+ PD1− cells and preserved induction of glycolysis. Treatment of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells from ST-ARTp with combined anti-PD1 and anti-TIGIT antibodies plus a glycolysis promoting drug restored their ability to eliminate infected CD4+ T cells. Interpretation Together, our study identifies specific immunometabolic parameters for different PLWH subgroups potentially useful for future personalized DC-based HIV-1 vaccines. Funding NIH (R21AI140930), MINECO/FEDER RETOS (RTI2018-097485-A-I00) and CIBERINF grants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calvet-Mirabent
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noa Martín-Cófreces
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular, CIBERCV, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Martínez-Fleta
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hortensia de la Fuente
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular, CIBERCV, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Delgado-Arévalo
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio de Los Santos
- Infectious Diseases Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Infecciosas, CIBERINF, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanz
- Infectious Diseases Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Infecciosas, CIBERINF, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucio García-Fraile
- Infectious Diseases Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Infecciosas, CIBERINF, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular, CIBERCV, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantzazu Alfranca
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Immunology Section, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Buzón
- Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Univesritari Vall d'Hebrón (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Martín-Gayo
- Immunology Unit from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Infecciosas, CIBERINF, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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223
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Belk JA, Daniel B, Satpathy AT. Epigenetic regulation of T cell exhaustion. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:848-860. [PMID: 35624210 PMCID: PMC10439681 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic antigen stimulation during viral infections and cancer can lead to T cell exhaustion, which is characterized by reduced effector function and proliferation, and the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors. Recent studies have demonstrated that T cell exhaustion results in wholescale epigenetic remodeling that confers phenotypic stability to these cells and prevents T cell reinvigoration by checkpoint blockade. Here, we review foundational technologies to profile the epigenome at multiple scales, including mapping the locations of transcription factors and histone modifications, DNA methylation and three-dimensional genome conformation. We discuss how these technologies have elucidated the development and epigenetic regulation of exhausted T cells and functional implications across viral infection, cancer, autoimmunity and engineered T cell therapies. Finally, we cover emerging multi-omic and genome engineering technologies, current and upcoming opportunities to apply these to T cell exhaustion, and therapeutic opportunities for T cell engineering in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Belk
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bence Daniel
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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224
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Takata H, Trautmann L. Transforming dysfunctional CD8+ T cells into natural controller-like CD8+ T cells: can TCF-1 be the magic wand? J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e160474. [PMID: 35642630 PMCID: PMC9151690 DOI: 10.1172/jci160474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection results in defective CD8+ T cell functions that are incompletely resolved by antiretroviral therapy (ART) except in natural controllers, who have functional CD8+ T cells associated with viral control. In this issue of the JCI, Perdomo-Celis et al. demonstrated that targeting the Wnt/transcription factor T cell factor 1 (Wnt/TCF-1) pathway in dysfunctional CD8+ T cells led to gains in stemness phenotype, metabolic quiescence, survival potential, response to homeostatic γ-chain cytokines, and antiviral capacities, similar to profiles of functional CD8+ T cells in natural controllers. Although reprogramming might not sufficiently reverse the imprinted dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in HIV infection, these findings outline the Wnt/TCF-1 pathway as a potential target to reprogram dysfunctional CD8+ T cells in efforts to achieve HIV remission.
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225
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Weisshaar N, Wu J, Ming Y, Madi A, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Ma S, Mieg A, Hering M, Zettl F, Mohr K, Schlimbach T, Ten Bosch N, Hertel F, Müller L, Byren H, Wang M, Borgers H, Munz M, Schmitt L, van der Hoeven F, Kloz U, Carretero R, Schleußner N, Jackstadt RF, Hofmann I, Cui G. Rgs16 promotes antitumor CD8 + T cell exhaustion. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabh1873. [PMID: 35622904 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abh1873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
T cells become functionally exhausted in tumors, limiting T cell-based immunotherapies. Although several transcription factors regulating the exhausted T (Tex) cell differentiation are known, comparatively little is known about the regulators of Tex cell survival. Here, we reported that the regulator of G protein signaling 16 (Rgs-16) suppressed Tex cell survival in tumors. By performing lineage tracing using reporter mice in which mCherry marked Rgs16-expressing cells, we identified that Rgs16+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were terminally differentiated, expressed low levels of T cell factor 1 (Tcf1), and underwent apoptosis as early as 6 days after the onset of Rgs16 expression. Rgs16 deficiency inhibited CD8+ T cell apoptosis and promoted antitumor effector functions of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, Rgs16 deficiency synergized with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade to enhance antitumor CD8+ T cell responses. Proteomics revealed that Rgs16 interacted with the scaffold protein IQGAP1, suppressed the recruitment of Ras and B-Raf, and inhibited Erk1 activation. Rgs16 deficiency enhanced antitumor CD8+ TIL survival in an Erk1-dependent manner. Loss of function of Erk1 decreased antitumor functions of Rgs16-deficient CD8+ T cells. RGS16 mRNA expression levels in CD8+ TILs of patients with melanoma negatively correlated with genes associated with T cell stemness, such as SELL, TCF7, and IL7R, and predicted low responses to PD-1 blockade. This study uncovers Rgs16 as an inhibitor of Tex cell survival in tumors and has implications for improving T cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Weisshaar
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jingxia Wu
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yanan Ming
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alaa Madi
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Core Facility Omics IT and Data Management, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sicong Ma
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessa Mieg
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marvin Hering
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Zettl
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Mohr
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilo Schlimbach
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nora Ten Bosch
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Hertel
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisann Müller
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Byren
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mona Wang
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helena Borgers
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Munz
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Schmitt
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franciscus van der Hoeven
- Transgenic Service (W450), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kloz
- Transgenic Service (W450), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rafael Carretero
- DKFZ-Bayer Immunotherapeutic Lab, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Schleußner
- Cancer Progression and Metastasis (A013), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rene-Filip Jackstadt
- Cancer Progression and Metastasis (A013), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis (A190), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Core Facility Antibodies (W170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guoliang Cui
- T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), 55131 Mainz, Germany
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226
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'Stem-like' precursors are the fount to sustain persistent CD8 + T cell responses. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:836-847. [PMID: 35624209 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Virus-specific CD8+ T cells that differentiate in the context of resolved versus persisting infections exhibit divergent phenotypic and functional characteristics, which suggests that their differentiation trajectories are governed by distinct cellular dynamics, developmental pathways and molecular mechanisms. For acute infection, it is long known that antigen-specific T cell populations contain terminally differentiated effector T cells, known as short-lived effector T cells, and proliferation-competent and differentiation-competent memory precursor T cells. More recently, it was identified that a similar functional segregation occurs in chronic infections. A failure to generate proliferation-competent precursor cells in chronic infections and tumors results in the collapse of the T cell response. Thus, these precursor cells are major therapeutic and prophylactic targets of immune interventions. These observations suggest substantial commonality between T cell responses in acute and chronic infections but there are also critical differences. We are therefore reviewing the common features and peculiarities of precursor cells in acute infections, different types of persistent infection and cancer.
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227
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Sudmeier LJ, Hoang KB, Nduom EK, Wieland A, Neill SG, Schniederjan MJ, Ramalingam SS, Olson JJ, Ahmed R, Hudson WH. Distinct phenotypic states and spatial distribution of CD8 + T cell clonotypes in human brain metastases. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100620. [PMID: 35584630 PMCID: PMC9133402 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease in the brain is difficult to control and predicts poor prognosis. Here, we analyze human brain metastases and demonstrate their robust infiltration by CD8+ T cell subsets with distinct antigen specificities, phenotypic states, and spatial localization within the tumor microenvironment. Brain metastases are densely infiltrated by T cells; the majority of infiltrating CD8+ T cells express PD-1. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows significant clonal overlap between proliferating and exhausted CD8+ T cells, but these subsets have minimal clonal overlap with circulating and other tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, including bystander CD8+ T cells specific for microbial antigens. Using spatial transcriptomics and spatial T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, we show these clonally unrelated, phenotypically distinct CD8+ T cell populations occupy discrete niches within the brain metastasis tumor microenvironment. Together, our work identifies signaling pathways within CD8+ T cells and in their surrounding environment that may be targeted for immunotherapy of brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Sudmeier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimberly B Hoang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edjah K Nduom
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andreas Wieland
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stewart G Neill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew J Schniederjan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Olson
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - William H Hudson
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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228
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Chakraborty P, Parikh RY, Choi S, Tran D, Gooz M, Hedley ZT, Kim DS, Pytel D, Kang I, Nadig SN, Beeson GC, Ball L, Mehrotra M, Wang H, Berto S, Palanisamy V, Li H, Chatterjee S, Rodriguez PC, Maldonado EN, Diehl JA, Gangaraju VK, Mehrotra S. Carbon Monoxide Activates PERK-Regulated Autophagy to Induce Immunometabolic Reprogramming and Boost Antitumor T-cell Function. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1969-1990. [PMID: 35404405 PMCID: PMC9117468 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) share structural and functional networks and activate well-orchestrated signaling processes to shape cells' fate and function. While persistent ER stress (ERS) response leads to mitochondrial collapse, moderate ERS promotes mitochondrial function. Strategies to boost antitumor T-cell function by targeting ER-mitochondria cross-talk have not yet been exploited. Here, we used carbon monoxide (CO), a short-lived gaseous molecule, to test whether engaging moderate ERS conditions can improve mitochondrial and antitumor functions in T cells. In melanoma antigen-specific T cells, CO-induced transient activation of ERS sensor protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) significantly increased antitumor T-cell function. Furthermore, CO-induced PERK activation temporarily halted protein translation and induced protective autophagy, including mitophagy. The use of LC3-GFP enabled differentiation between the cells that prepare themselves to undergo active autophagy (LC3-GFPpos) and those that fail to enter the process (LC3-GFPneg). LC3-GFPpos T cells showed strong antitumor potential, whereas LC3-GFPneg cells exhibited a T regulatory-like phenotype, harbored dysfunctional mitochondria, and accumulated abnormal metabolite content. These anomalous ratios of metabolites rendered the cells with a hypermethylated state and distinct epigenetic profile, limiting their antitumor activity. Overall, this study shows that ERS-activated autophagy pathways modify the mitochondrial function and epigenetically reprogram T cells toward a superior antitumor phenotype to achieve robust tumor control. SIGNIFICANCE Transient activation of ER stress with carbon monoxide drives mitochondrial biogenesis and protective autophagy that elicits superior antitumor T-cell function, revealing an approach to improving adoptive cell efficacy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rasesh Y Parikh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Seungho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Danh Tran
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Monika Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zachariah T Hedley
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Do-Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Dariusz Pytel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Inhong Kang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Satish N Nadig
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gyda C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Lauren Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Meenal Mehrotra
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stefano Berto
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Viswanathan Palanisamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shilpak Chatterjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eduardo N Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vamsi K Gangaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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229
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Anadon CM, Yu X, Hänggi K, Biswas S, Chaurio RA, Martin A, Payne KK, Mandal G, Innamarato P, Harro CM, Mine JA, Sprenger KB, Cortina C, Powers JJ, Costich TL, Perez BA, Gatenbee CD, Prabhakaran S, Marchion D, Heemskerk MHM, Curiel TJ, Anderson AR, Wenham RM, Rodriguez PC, Conejo-Garcia JR. Ovarian cancer immunogenicity is governed by a narrow subset of progenitor tissue-resident memory T cells. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:545-557.e13. [PMID: 35427494 PMCID: PMC9096229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite repeated associations between T cell infiltration and outcome, human ovarian cancer remains poorly responsive to immunotherapy. We report that the hallmarks of tumor recognition in ovarian cancer-infiltrating T cells are primarily restricted to tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells. Single-cell RNA/TCR/ATAC sequencing of 83,454 CD3+CD8+CD103+CD69+ TRM cells and immunohistochemistry of 122 high-grade serous ovarian cancers shows that only progenitor (TCF1low) tissue-resident T cells (TRMstem cells), but not recirculating TCF1+ T cells, predict ovarian cancer outcome. TRMstem cells arise from transitional recirculating T cells, which depends on antigen affinity/persistence, resulting in oligoclonal, trogocytic, effector lymphocytes that eventually become exhausted. Therefore, ovarian cancer is indeed an immunogenic disease, but that depends on ∼13% of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells (∼3% of CD8+ clonotypes), which are primed against high-affinity antigens and maintain waves of effector TRM-like cells. Our results define the signature of relevant tumor-reactive T cells in human ovarian cancer, which could be applicable to other tumors with unideal mutational burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Anadon
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kay Hänggi
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Subir Biswas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ricardo A Chaurio
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alexandra Martin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kyle K Payne
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Gunjan Mandal
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Patrick Innamarato
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Carly M Harro
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jessica A Mine
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kimberly B Sprenger
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Carla Cortina
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - John J Powers
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Tara Lee Costich
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bradford A Perez
- Department of Radiation Therapy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chandler D Gatenbee
- Department of Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sandhya Prabhakaran
- Department of Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Douglas Marchion
- Department of Tissue Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Alexander R Anderson
- Department of Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert M Wenham
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jose R Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Jaiswal A, Verma A, Dannenfelser R, Melssen M, Tirosh I, Izar B, Kim TG, Nirschl CJ, Devi KSP, Olson WC, Slingluff CL, Engelhard VH, Garraway L, Regev A, Minkis K, Yoon CH, Troyanskaya O, Elemento O, Suárez-Fariñas M, Anandasabapathy N. An activation to memory differentiation trajectory of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes informs metastatic melanoma outcomes. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:524-544.e5. [PMID: 35537413 PMCID: PMC9122099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for better classification and understanding of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Here, we applied advanced functional genomics to interrogate 9,000 human tumors and multiple single-cell sequencing sets using benchmarked T cell states, comprehensive T cell differentiation trajectories, human and mouse vaccine responses, and other human TILs. Compared with other T cell states, enrichment of T memory/resident memory programs was observed across solid tumors. Trajectory analysis of single-cell melanoma CD8+ TILs also identified a high fraction of memory/resident memory-scoring TILs in anti-PD-1 responders, which expanded post therapy. In contrast, TILs scoring highly for early T cell activation, but not exhaustion, associated with non-response. Late/persistent, but not early activation signatures, prognosticate melanoma survival, and co-express with dendritic cell and IFN-γ response programs. These data identify an activation-like state associated to poor response and suggest successful memory conversion, above resuscitation of exhaustion, is an under-appreciated aspect of successful anti-tumoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Jaiswal
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Dannenfelser
- Department of Computer Science and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Marit Melssen
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Breast and Melanoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Human Immune Therapy Center, Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Carter Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Itay Tirosh
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology and Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Christopher J Nirschl
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - K Sanjana P Devi
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA
| | - Walter C Olson
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Breast and Melanoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Human Immune Therapy Center, Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Breast and Melanoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Human Immune Therapy Center, Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Carter Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Victor H Engelhard
- Carter Immunology Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Levi Garraway
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA; Center for Cancer for Cancer Precision Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kira Minkis
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA
| | - Charles H Yoon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgical Oncology Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olga Troyanskaya
- Department of Computer Science and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Simons Center for Data Analysis, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niroshana Anandasabapathy
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10026, USA.
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231
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Tan W, Chen N, Qiu Y, Feng X, Li S, Zhang Y, Li H, Gao J, Zhao D. Exosomal Dvl3 promoted the aggressive phenotypic transformation of RA-FLS via wnt pathway. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:285-293. [PMID: 35499309 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2067984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to explore the function and mechanism of Dvl3 in RA-FLS by exosome intervention. METHODS The expression pattern of Dvl3 was examined by IHC, WB, and qPCR. Modified exosomes obtained from culturing supernatant of RA-FLS infected with Dvl3 over expression (OE) lentivirus were administrated to the target RA-FLS. The ability of survival, migration, and the production of inflammatory factor influenced by exosomal Dvl3 were detected by CKK8 kits, Tunel, migration test, qPCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively; Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to explorer the inflammatory moderate role of exosomes on CD4+ T cells. The possible downstream pathways of Dvl3 were screened by qPCR and WB and verified by double luciferase reporter experiment. RESULTS The expression level of Dvl3 was significantly increased in RA and CIA. Exosomes from the OE group could significantly promote cell proliferation activity, migration/invasion ability. The augment of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17, and IL-21 was observed in exosomal Dvl3-OE group. Th1 and Th17 cells polarisation and cytokines related were both enhanced by Exosomal Dvl3. Over expression of Dvl3 was accompanied by the significant increase of β-catenin and RhoA activities. CONCLUSION This study discovered the high expression of Dvl3 of exosomes derived from RA patients which may possessed the ability to promote phenotypic transformation of RA-FLS through Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Tan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Air Force Health Care Center for Special Services, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomei Feng
- Air Force Health Care Center for Special Services, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- Air Force Health Care Center for Special Services, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongbao Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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232
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Xiao M, Xie L, Cao G, Lei S, Wang P, Wei Z, Luo Y, Fang J, Yang X, Huang Q, Xu L, Guo J, Wen S, Wang Z, Wu Q, Tang J, Wang L, Chen X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Yao W, Ye J, He R, Huang J, Ye L. CD4 + T-cell epitope-based heterologous prime-boost vaccination potentiates anti-tumor immunity and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004022. [PMID: 35580929 PMCID: PMC9114852 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antitumor therapeutic vaccines are generally based on antigenic epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules to induce tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Paradoxically, continuous T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation from tumor-derived CD8+ T-cell epitopes can drive the functional exhaustion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Tumor-specific type-I helper CD4+ T (TH1) cells play an important role in the population maintenance and cytotoxic function of exhausted tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Nonetheless, whether the vaccination strategy targeting MHC-II-restricted CD4+ T-cell epitopes to induce tumor-specific TH1 responses can confer effective antitumor immunity to restrain tumor growth is not well studied. Here, we developed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy to effectively induce tumor-specific TH1 cells and evaluated its antitumor efficacy and its capacity to potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. METHODS Listeria monocytogenes vector and influenza A virus (PR8 strain) vector stably expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein-specific I-Ab-restricted CD4+ T cell epitope (GP61-80) or ovalbumin-specific CD4+ T cell epitope (OVA323-339) were constructed and evaluated their efficacy against mouse models of melanoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein and ovalbumin. The impact of CD4+ T cell epitope-based heterologous prime-boost vaccination was detected by flow-cytometer, single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell TCR sequencing. RESULTS CD4+ T cell epitope-based heterologous prime-boost vaccination efficiently suppressed both mouse melanoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma. This vaccination primarily induced tumor-specific TH1 response, which in turn enhanced the expansion, effector function and clonal breadth of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this vaccination strategy synergized PD-L1 blockade mediated tumor suppression. Notably, prime-boost vaccination extended the duration of PD-L1 blockade induced antitumor effects by preventing the re-exhaustion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION CD4+ T cell epitope-based heterologous prime-boost vaccination elicited potent both tumor-specific TH1 and CTL response, leading to the efficient tumor control. This strategy can also potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Xiao
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Dermatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luoyingzi Xie
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoshuai Cao
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shun Lei
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Aviation Physiology Training, Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengping Wei
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Immunology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College School of Basic Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyi Fang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingxing Yang
- Institute of Cancer, Third Military Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qizhao Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lifan Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuqiong Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfang Tang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lisha Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran He
- Department of Immunology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College School of Basic Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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233
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Tooley KA, Escobar G, Anderson AC. Spatial determinants of CD8+ T cell differentiation in cancer. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:642-654. [PMID: 35527216 PMCID: PMC9308689 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncovering the mechanisms that control CD8+ T cell function is a major focus of cancer research. Advances in flow cytometry and single-cell transcriptomics have provided unprecedented in-depth resolution of CD8+ T cell states in cancer. However, these technologies fail to capture important spatial information, including cell-cell interactions and tissue localization. The discovery that intra-tumoral immune niches, tertiary lymphoid structures, and the tumor-draining lymph node are key sites of inter-cellular communication has evoked interest in understanding the spatial determinants that regulate CD8+ T cell functions at these sites. We focus on the cellular, as well as the soluble and surface-bound signals that regulate CD8+ T cell phenotypes and functions in a topologically-regulated manner, highlighting where new spatial transcriptomics and imaging technologies can uncover mechanistic insights.
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234
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Maurer MF, Lewis KE, Kuijper JL, Ardourel D, Gudgeon CJ, Chandrasekaran S, Mudri SL, Kleist KN, Navas C, Wolfson MF, Rixon MW, Swanson R, Dillon SR, Levin SD, Kimbung YR, Akutsu M, Logan DT, Walse B, Swiderek KM, Peng SL. The engineered CD80 variant fusion therapeutic davoceticept combines checkpoint antagonism with conditional CD28 costimulation for anti-tumor immunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1790. [PMID: 35379805 PMCID: PMC8980021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDespite the recent clinical success of T cell checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways, many patients either fail to achieve objective responses or they develop resistance to therapy. In some cases, poor responses to checkpoint blockade have been linked to suboptimal CD28 costimulation and the inability to generate and maintain a productive adaptive anti-tumor immune response. To address this, here we utilize directed evolution to engineer a CD80 IgV domain with increased PD-L1 affinity and fuse this to an immunoglobulin Fc domain, creating a therapeutic (ALPN-202, davoceticept) capable of providing CD28 costimulation in a PD-L1-dependent fashion while also antagonizing PD-1 - PD-L1 and CTLA-4–CD80/CD86 interactions. We demonstrate that by combining CD28 costimulation and dual checkpoint inhibition, ALPN-202 enhances T cell activation and anti-tumor efficacy in cell-based assays and mouse tumor models more potently than checkpoint blockade alone and thus has the potential to generate potent, clinically meaningful anti-tumor immunity in humans.
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235
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Ronen D, Bsoul A, Lotem M, Abedat S, Yarkoni M, Amir O, Asleh R. Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiotoxic Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapies. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040540. [PMID: 35455289 PMCID: PMC9031363 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune response modulation has taken a central position in cancer therapy in recent decades. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is now indicated in many cancer types with exceptional results. The two major inhibitory pathways involved are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Unfortunately, immune activation is not tumor-specific, and as a result, most patients will experience some form of adverse reaction. Most immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) involve the skin and gastrointestinal (GI) tract; however, any organ can be involved. Cardiotoxicity ranges from arrhythmias to life-threatening myocarditis with very high mortality rates. To date, most treatments of ICI cardiotoxicity include immune suppression, which is also not cardiac-specific and may result in hampering of tumor clearance. Understanding the mechanisms behind immune activation in the heart is crucial for the development of specific treatments. Histological data and other models have shown mainly CD4 and CD8 infiltration during ICI-induced cardiotoxicity. Inhibition of CTLA4 seems to result in the proliferation of more diverse T0cell populations, some of which with autoantigen recognition. Inhibition of PD-1 interaction with PD ligand 1/2 (PD-L1/PD-L2) results in release from inhibition of exhausted self-recognizing T cells. However, CTLA4, PD-1, and their ligands are expressed on a wide range of cells, indicating a much more intricate mechanism. This is further complicated by the identification of multiple co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals, as well as the association of myocarditis with antibody-driven myasthenia gravis and myositis IRAEs. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in unraveling the complexity of the mechanisms driving ICI cardiotoxicity and discuss novel therapeutic strategies for directly targeting specific underlying mechanisms to reduce IRAEs and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ronen
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Aseel Bsoul
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.B.); (S.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Michal Lotem
- Department of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Suzan Abedat
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.B.); (S.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Merav Yarkoni
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Offer Amir
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.B.); (S.A.); (O.A.)
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Rabea Asleh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.B.); (S.A.); (O.A.)
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6776564; Fax: +972-2-6411028
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236
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Dähling S, Mansilla AM, Knöpper K, Grafen A, Utzschneider DT, Ugur M, Whitney PG, Bachem A, Arampatzi P, Imdahl F, Kaisho T, Zehn D, Klauschen F, Garbi N, Kallies A, Saliba AE, Gasteiger G, Bedoui S, Kastenmüller W. Type 1 conventional dendritic cells maintain and guide the differentiation of precursors of exhausted T cells in distinct cellular niches. Immunity 2022; 55:656-670.e8. [PMID: 35366396 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reinvigoration of exhausted CD8+ T (Tex) cells by checkpoint immunotherapy depends on the activation of precursors of exhausted T (Tpex) cells, but the local anatomical context of their maintenance, differentiation, and interplay with other cells is not well understood. Here, we identified transcriptionally distinct Tpex subpopulations, mapped their differentiation trajectories via transitory cellular states toward Tex cells, and localized these cell states to specific splenic niches. Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) were critical for successful αPD-L1 therapy and were required to mediate viral control. cDC1s were dispensable for Tpex cell expansion but provided an essential niche to promote Tpex cell maintenance, preventing their overactivation and T-cell-mediated immunopathology. Mechanistically, cDC1s insulated Tpex cells via MHC-I-dependent interactions to prevent their activation within other inflammatory environments that further aggravated their exhaustion. Our findings reveal that cDC1s maintain and safeguard Tpex cells within distinct anatomical niches to balance viral control, exhaustion, and immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Dähling
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ana Maria Mansilla
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwig University, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Konrad Knöpper
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anika Grafen
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel T Utzschneider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Milas Ugur
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul G Whitney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Annabell Bachem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Fabian Imdahl
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Frederick Klauschen
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
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237
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Kuhn R, Sandu I, Agrafiotis A, Hong KL, Shlesinger D, Neimeier D, Merkler D, Oxenius A, Reddy ST, Yermanos A. Clonally Expanded Virus-Specific CD8 T Cells Acquire Diverse Transcriptional Phenotypes During Acute, Chronic, and Latent Infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:782441. [PMID: 35185882 PMCID: PMC8847396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.782441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in the control and resolution of viral infections and can adopt a wide range of phenotypes and effector functions depending on the inflammatory context and the duration and extent of antigen exposure. Similarly, viral infections can exert diverse selective pressures on populations of clonally related T cells. Technical limitations have nevertheless made it challenging to investigate the relationship between clonal selection and transcriptional phenotypes of virus-specific T cells. We therefore performed single-cell T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and transcriptome sequencing of virus-specific CD8 T cells in murine models of acute, chronic and latent infection. We observed clear infection-specific populations corresponding to memory, effector, exhausted, and inflationary phenotypes. We further uncovered a mouse-specific and polyclonal T cell response, despite all T cells sharing specificity to a single viral epitope, which was accompanied by stereotypic TCR germline gene usage in all three infection types. Persistent antigen exposure during chronic and latent viral infections resulted in a higher proportion of clonally expanded T cells relative to acute infection. We furthermore observed a relationship between transcriptional heterogeneity and clonal expansion for all three infections, with highly expanded clones having distinct transcriptional phenotypes relative to less expanded clones. Together our work relates clonal selection to gene expression in the context of viral infection and further provides a dataset and accompanying software for the immunological community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Kuhn
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ioana Sandu
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Agrafiotis
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kai-Lin Hong
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Shlesinger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Neimeier
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Sai T Reddy
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Yermanos
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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238
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Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:223. [PMID: 35273149 PMCID: PMC8913637 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Targeting key genes that play dominant roles in T cell dysfunction is an efficient strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of TPX2 in the antitumor effect of CD8 + T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Flow cytometry was used to assay the level of cell surface markers and cytokines in T cells, through which we found that TPX2 was downregulated in HCC-infiltrating CD8 + T cells. TPX2 depletion restricted the antitumor activity of CD8 + T cells, and TPX2 overexpression increased the antitumor effect of CD8 + T cells in tumor-bearing Cd8−/− mice. TPX2 overexpression improved the antitumor function of human CD8 + T cells and response to anti-PD-1 therapy in an HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model with or without anti-PD-1 therapy. In mechanism, TPX2 promotes the phosphorylation of P65, thus increases the level of p-P65 in nuclear, and p-P65 binds to the promoter of CXCR5, activates its transcription, and increases the level of CXCR5 on CD8 + T cells in a TPX2-dependent way. In conclusion, TPX2 maintains the antitumor effect of CD8 + T cells in HCC by regulating CXCR5 via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Increased TPX2 expression in CD8 + T cells exerts synergistic effects with anti-PD-1 therapy, suggesting a promising immunotherapeutic method in HCC.
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239
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Giles JR, Manne S, Freilich E, Oldridge DA, Baxter AE, George S, Chen Z, Huang H, Chilukuri L, Carberry M, Giles L, Weng NPP, Young RM, June CH, Schuchter LM, Amaravadi RK, Xu X, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Huang AC, Shi J, Wherry EJ. Human epigenetic and transcriptional T cell differentiation atlas for identifying functional T cell-specific enhancers. Immunity 2022; 55:557-574.e7. [PMID: 35263570 PMCID: PMC9214622 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The clinical benefit of T cell immunotherapies remains limited by incomplete understanding of T cell differentiation and dysfunction. We generated an epigenetic and transcriptional atlas of T cell differentiation from healthy humans that included exhausted CD8 T cells and applied this resource in three ways. First, we identified modules of gene expression and chromatin accessibility, revealing molecular coordination of differentiation after activation and between central memory and effector memory. Second, we applied this healthy molecular framework to three settings-a neoadjuvant anti-PD1 melanoma trial, a basal cell carcinoma scATAC-seq dataset, and autoimmune disease-associated SNPs-yielding insights into disease-specific biology. Third, we predicted genome-wide cis-regulatory elements and validated this approach for key effector genes using CRISPR interference, providing functional annotation and demonstrating the ability to identify targets for non-coding cellular engineering. These studies define epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of human T cells and illustrate the utility of interrogating disease in the context of a healthy T cell atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Freilich
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Derek A Oldridge
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sangeeth George
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lakshmi Chilukuri
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary Carberry
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lydia Giles
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nan-Ping P Weng
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Regina M Young
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carl H June
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lynn M Schuchter
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giorgos C Karakousis
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tara C Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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240
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Zander R, Kasmani MY, Chen Y, Topchyan P, Shen J, Zheng S, Burns R, Ingram J, Cui C, Joshi N, Craft J, Zajac A, Cui W. Tfh-cell-derived interleukin 21 sustains effector CD8 + T cell responses during chronic viral infection. Immunity 2022; 55:475-493.e5. [PMID: 35216666 PMCID: PMC8916994 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cell-derived interleukin 21 (IL-21) sustains CD8+ T cell responses during chronic viral infection, but the helper subset that confers this protection remains unclear. Here, we applied scRNA and ATAC-seq approaches to determine the heterogeneity of IL-21+CD4+ T cells during LCMV clone 13 infection. CD4+ T cells were comprised of three transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct populations: Cxcr6+ Th1 cells, Cxcr5+ Tfh cells, and a previously unrecognized Slamf6+ memory-like (Tml) subset. T cell differentiation was specifically redirected toward the Tml subset during chronic, but not acute, LCMV infection. Although this subset displayed an enhanced capacity to accumulate and some developmental plasticity, it remained largely quiescent, which may hinder its helper potential. Conversely, mixed bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that Tfh cell-derived IL-21 was critical to sustain CD8+ T cell responses and viral control. Thus, strategies that bolster IL-21+Tfh cell responses may prove effective in enhancing CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Zander
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Moujtaba Y Kasmani
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yao Chen
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paytsar Topchyan
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jian Shen
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Shikan Zheng
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Robert Burns
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jennifer Ingram
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joseph Craft
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Allan Zajac
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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241
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Abstract
TCF1 and its homologue LEF1 are historically known as effector transcription factors downstream of the WNT signalling pathway and are essential for early T cell development. Recent advances bring TCF1 into the spotlight for its versatile, context-dependent functions in regulating mature T cell responses. In the cytotoxic T cell lineages, TCF1 is required for the self-renewal of stem-like CD8+ T cells generated in response to viral or tumour antigens, and for preserving heightened responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. In the helper T cell lineages, TCF1 is indispensable for the differentiation of T follicular helper and T follicular regulatory cells, and crucially regulates immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T cells. Mechanistic investigations have also identified TCF1 as the first transcription factor that directly modifies histone acetylation, with the capacity to bridge transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. TCF1 also has the potential to become an important clinical biomarker for assessing the prognosis of tumour immunotherapy and the success of viral control in treating HIV and hepatitis C virus infection. Here, we summarize the key findings on TCF1 across the fields of T cell immunity and reflect on the possibility of exploring TCF1 and its downstream transcriptional programmes as therapeutic targets for improving antiviral and antitumour immunity.
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242
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Gumber D, Wang LD. Improving CAR-T immunotherapy: Overcoming the challenges of T cell exhaustion. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103941. [PMID: 35301179 PMCID: PMC8927848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a cancer treatment with enormous potential, demonstrating impressive antitumor activity in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, CAR T cell exhaustion is a major limitation to their efficacy, particularly in the application of CAR T cells to solid tumors. CAR T cell exhaustion is thought to be due to persistent antigen stimulation, as well as an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and mitigating exhaustion to maintain CAR T cell effector function and persistence and achieve clinical potency remains a central challenge. Here, we review the underlying mechanisms of exhaustion and discuss emerging strategies to prevent or reverse exhaustion through modifications of the CAR receptor or CAR independent pathways. Additionally, we discuss the potential of these strategies for improving clinical outcomes of CAR T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gumber
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte CA, United States; Department of Immunooncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Leo D Wang
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte CA, United States; Department of Immunooncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
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243
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Chen X, Lin Y, Yue S, Yang Y, Wang X, Pan Z, Yang X, Gao L, Zhou J, Li Z, Hu L, Tang J, Wu Q, Wang Y, Tian Q, Hao Y, Xu L, Zhu B, Huang Q, Ye L. Differential expression of inhibitory receptor NKG2A distinguishes disease-specific exhausted CD8 + T cells. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e111. [PMID: 35281793 PMCID: PMC8906559 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhausted CD8+ T (Tex) cells are caused by persistent antigenic stimulation during chronic viral infection or tumorigenesis. Tex cells upregulate and sustain the expressions of multiple immune inhibitory receptors (IRs). Blocking IRs of Tex cells, exemplified by PD-1, can partially restore their effector functions and thus lead to viral suppression or tumor remission. Tex cells derived from chronic viral infections share the expression spectrum of IRs with Tex cells derived from tumors; however, whether any IRs are selectively expressed by tumor-derived Tex cells or virus-derived Tex cells remains to be learnt. In the study, we found that Tex cells upregulate IR natural killer cell lectin-like receptor isoform A (NKG2A) specifically in the context of tumor but not chronic viral infection. Moreover, the NKG2A expression is attributed to tumor antigen recognition and thus bias expressed by tumor-specific Tex cells in the tumor microenvironment instead of their counterparts in the periphery. Such dichotomous NKG2A expression further dictates the differential responsiveness of Tex cells to NKG2A immune checkpoint blockade. Therefore, our study highlighted NKG2A as a disease-dependent IR and provided novel insights into the distinct regulatory mechanisms underlying T cell exhaustion between tumor and chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yao Lin
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shuai Yue
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhiwei Pan
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Dermatology HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Leiqiong Gao
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhirong Li
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li Hu
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jianfang Tang
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qing Wu
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qin Tian
- Dermatology HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yaxing Hao
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lifan Xu
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qizhao Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lilin Ye
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Institute of ImmunologyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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244
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Saini A, Ghoneim HE, Lio CWJ, Collins PL, Oltz EM. Gene Regulatory Circuits in Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2022; 40:387-411. [PMID: 35119910 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-025949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity and function largely rely on the programming of transcriptomes during development and differentiation. Signature gene expression programs are orchestrated by regulatory circuits consisting of cis-acting promoters and enhancers, which respond to a plethora of cues via the action of transcription factors. In turn, transcription factors direct epigenetic modifications to revise chromatin landscapes, and drive contacts between distal promoter-enhancer combinations. In immune cells, regulatory circuits for effector genes are especially complex and flexible, utilizing distinct sets of transcription factors and enhancers, depending on the cues each cell type receives during an infection, after sensing cellular damage, or upon encountering a tumor. Here, we review major players in the coordination of gene regulatory programs within innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as integrative omics approaches that can be leveraged to decipher their underlying circuitry. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 40 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Saini
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Hazem E Ghoneim
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Patrick L Collins
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Eugene M Oltz
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
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245
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Tsuda S, Pipkin ME. Transcriptional Control of Cell Fate Determination in Antigen-Experienced CD8 T Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a037945. [PMID: 34127445 PMCID: PMC8805646 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Robust immunity to intracellular infections is mediated by antigen-specific naive CD8 T cells that become activated and differentiate into phenotypically and functionally diverse subsets of effector cells, some of which terminally differentiate and others that give rise to memory cells that provide long-lived protection. This developmental system is an outstanding model with which to elucidate how regulation of chromatin structure and transcriptional control establish gene expression programs that govern cell fate determination, insights from which are likely to be useful for informing the design of immunotherapeutic approaches to engineer durable immunity to infections and tumors. A unifying framework that describes how naive CD8 T cells develop into memory cells is still outstanding. We propose a model that incorporates a common early linear path followed by divergent paths that slowly lose capacity to interconvert and discuss classical and contemporary observations that support these notions, focusing on insights from transcriptional control and chromatin regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanel Tsuda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
| | - Matthew E Pipkin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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246
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Ozga AJ, Chow MT, Lopes ME, Servis RL, Di Pilato M, Dehio P, Lian J, Mempel TR, Luster AD. CXCL10 chemokine regulates heterogeneity of the CD8 + T cell response and viral set point during chronic infection. Immunity 2022; 55:82-97.e8. [PMID: 34847356 PMCID: PMC8755631 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells responding to chronic infection adapt an altered differentiation program that provides some restraint on pathogen replication yet limits immunopathology. This adaptation is imprinted in stem-like cells and propagated to their progeny. Understanding the molecular control of CD8+ T cell differentiation in chronic infection has important therapeutic implications. Here, we find that the chemokine receptor CXCR3 is highly expressed on viral-specific stem-like CD8+ T cells and that one of its ligands, CXCL10, regulates the persistence and heterogeneity of responding CD8+ T cells in spleens of mice chronically infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. CXCL10 is produced by inflammatory monocytes and fibroblasts of the splenic red pulp, where it grants stem-like cells access to signals promoting differentiation and limits their exposure to pro-survival niches in the white pulp. Consequently, functional CD8+ T cell responses are greater in Cxcl10-/- mice and are associated with a lower viral set point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra J Ozga
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Melvyn T Chow
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Mateus E Lopes
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rachel L Servis
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Mauro Di Pilato
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Philippe Dehio
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Lian
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Andrew D Luster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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247
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Abstract
Long-term immunological memory represents a unique performance of the adaptive immunity selected during evolution to support long-term survival of species in vertebrates, through protection against dangerous "invaders", namely, infectious agents or unwanted (e.g., tumor) cells. The balance between the development of T cell memory and various mechanisms of immunoregulation (namely, T cell effector exhaustion and regulatory T cell suppression) dictates the fate in providing protection or not in different conditions, such as (acute or chronic) infection, vaccination, cancer, and autoimmunity. Here, these different environments are taken in consideration to outline the up-to-date cellular and molecular features regulating the development or damping of immunological memory and to delineate therapeutic strategies capable to improve or control it, in order to address pathological contexts, such as infection, tumor, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Barnaba
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche, Interistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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248
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PD-1-cis IL-2R agonism yields better effectors from stem-like CD8 + T cells. Nature 2022; 610:161-172. [PMID: 36171284 PMCID: PMC9534752 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Expansion and differentiation of antigen-experienced PD-1+TCF-1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells into effector cells is critical for the success of immunotherapies based on PD-1 blockade1-4. Hashimoto et al. have shown that, in chronic infections, administration of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-2 triggers an alternative differentiation path of stem-like T cells towards a distinct population of 'better effector' CD8+ T cells similar to those generated in an acute infection5. IL-2 binding to the IL-2 receptor α-chain (CD25) was essential in triggering this alternative differentiation path and expanding better effectors with distinct transcriptional and epigenetic profiles. However, constitutive expression of CD25 on regulatory T cells and some endothelial cells also contributes to unwanted systemic effects from IL-2 therapy. Therefore, engineered IL-2 receptor β- and γ-chain (IL-2Rβγ)-biased agonists are currently being developed6-10. Here we show that IL-2Rβγ-biased agonists are unable to preferentially expand better effector T cells in cancer models and describe PD1-IL2v, a new immunocytokine that overcomes the need for CD25 binding by docking in cis to PD-1. Cis binding of PD1-IL2v to PD-1 and IL-2Rβγ on the same cell recovers the ability to differentiate stem-like CD8+ T cells into better effectors in the absence of CD25 binding in both chronic infection and cancer models and provides superior efficacy. By contrast, PD-1- or PD-L1-blocking antibodies alone, or their combination with clinically relevant doses of non-PD-1-targeted IL2v, cannot expand this unique subset of better effector T cells and instead lead to the accumulation of terminally differentiated, exhausted T cells. These findings provide the basis for the development of a new generation of PD-1 cis-targeted IL-2R agonists with enhanced therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer and chronic infections.
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249
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Liu B, Hu X, Feng K, Gao R, Xue Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Corse E, Hu Y, Han W, Zhang Z. Temporal single-cell tracing reveals clonal revival and expansion of precursor exhausted T cells during anti-PD-1 therapy in lung cancer. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:108-121. [PMID: 35121991 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-PD-1 treatment has shown unprecedented clinical success in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we performed temporal single-cell RNA and paired T-cell receptor sequencing on 47 tumor biopsies from 36 patients with NSCLC following PD-1-based therapies. We observed increased levels of precursor exhausted T (Texp) cells in responsive tumors after treatment, characterized by low expression of coinhibitory molecules and high expression of GZMK. By contrast, nonresponsive tumors failed to accumulate Texp cells. Our data suggested that Texp cells were unlikely to be derived from the reinvigoration of terminally exhausted cells; instead, they were accumulated by (1) local expansion and (2) replenishment by peripheral T cells with both new and pre-existing clonotypes, a phenomenon we named clonal revival. Our study provides insights into mechanisms underlying PD-1-based therapies, implicating clonal revival and expansion of Texp cells as steps to improve NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Liu
- BIOPIC, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueda Hu
- BIOPIC, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaichao Feng
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ranran Gao
- BIOPIC, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Emily Corse
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zemin Zhang
- BIOPIC, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, Shenzhen Bay Lab, Shenzhen, China.
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250
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Lee JB, Kim HR, Ha SJ. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in 10 Years: Contribution of Basic Research and Clinical Application in Cancer Immunotherapy. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e2. [PMID: 35291660 PMCID: PMC8901707 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting immune evasion via immune checkpoint pathways has changed the treatment paradigm in cancer. Since CTLA-4 antibody was first approved in 2011 for treatment of metastatic melanoma, eight immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) centered on PD-1 pathway blockade are approved and currently administered to treat 18 different types of cancers. The first part of the review focuses on the history of CTLA-4 and PD-1 discovery and the preclinical experiments that demonstrated the possibility of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 as anti-cancer therapeutics. The approval process of clinical trials and clinical utility of ICIs are described, specifically focusing on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in which immunotherapies are most actively applied. Additionally, this review covers the combination therapy and novel ICIs currently under investigation in NSCLC. Although ICIs are now key pivotal cancer therapy option in clinical settings, they show inconsistent therapeutic efficacy and limited responsiveness. Thus, newly proposed action mechanism to overcome the limitations of ICIs in a near future are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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