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Microcomputed tomographic investigation of the trepan bur/microtube technique for the removal of fractured instruments from root canals without a dental operating microscope. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1717-1725. [PMID: 31346785 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal of fractured instruments in mandibular incisor canals by using the trepan bur/microtube technique without a dental operating microscope (DOM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four mandibular incisors were selected, and 5-mm apical segments of #25/.06 taper K3 NiTi instruments were fractured in the apical portion of each canal. Coronal enlargement was performed, and a staging platform was prepared at the coronal aspect of the fractured instrument. Then, a trepan bur was used to expose 1-1.5 mm of the fragmented instrument, and a microtube device was used to withdraw the fragment. Microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging was used to evaluate the geometric changes in the root canal and dentin. The time required for fractured instrument removal in each sample was recorded, and the results were statistically analyzed with a paired t test. RESULTS The trepan bur/microtube technique exhibited a success rate of 76.47%, and the average fractured instrument removal time was 8.55 ± 5.81 min. The changes in canal volume and dentin volume from the coronal end of the fractured instrument to 1.5 mm apical to the end were significantly greater than those from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the coronal end of the fractured instrument during fractured instrument removal (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The study showed that the trepan bur/microtube technique had a significant impact on geometric changes in the root canal and dentin from the coronal end of the fractured instrument to 1.5 mm apical to the end. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest that the trepan bur/microtube technique may be an optional method for fractured instrument removal from relatively straight canals.
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202
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An in vitro study of a novel quaternary ammonium silane endodontic irrigant. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1264-1278. [PMID: 31201019 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze effect of NaOCl+2% quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-containing novel irrigant against bacteria impregnated inside the root canal system, and to evaluate its antimicrobial and mechanical potential of dentine substrate. METHODS Root canal was prepared using stainless steel K-files™ and ProTaper™ and subjected to manual and ultrasonic irrigation using 6% NaOCl+2% CHX, 6% NaOCl+2% QAS and saline as control. For confocal-microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis before and after treatment, Enterococcus faecalis cultured for 7 days. Raman spectroscopy analysis was done across cut section of gutta percha/sealer-dentine to detect resin infiltration. Indentation of mechanical properties was evaluated using a Berkovich indenter. The contact angle of irrigants and surface free energy were evaluated. Mineralization nodules were detected through Alazarin red after 14 days. RESULTS Control biofilms showed dense green colonies. Majority of E. faecalis bacteria were present in biofilm fluoresced red in NaOCl+2% QAS group. There was reduction of 484cm-1 Raman band and its intensity reached lowest with NaOCl+2% QAS. There was an increase in 1350-1420cm-1 intensity in the NaOCl+2% CHX groups. Gradual decrease in 1639cm-1 and 1609cm-1 Raman signal ratios were seen in the resin-depth region of 17μm>, 14.1μm> and 13.2μm for NaOCl+2% QAS, NaOCl+2% CHX and control groups respectively. All obturated groups showed an intact sealer/dentine interface with a few notable differences. 0.771 and 83.5% creep indentation distance for NaOCl+2% QAS ultrasonic groups were observed. Highest proportion of polar component was significantly found in the NaOCl+2% QAS groups which was significantly higher as compared to other groups. Mineralized nodules were increased in NaOCl+2% QAS. SIGNIFICANCE Favorable antimicrobial and endodontic profile of the NaOCl+2% QAS solution might suggest clinical use for it for more predictable reduction of intracanal bacteria.
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203
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Katalinić I, Budimir A, Bošnjak Z, Jakovljević S, Anić I. The photo-activated and photo-thermal effect of the 445/970 nm diode laser on the mixed biofilm inside root canals of human teeth in vitro: A pilot study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:277-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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204
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Seraj B, Moosavi Garmaroodi Z, Chiniforush N, Ghadimi S. Thermal Changes in Root Surface of Primary Teeth During Root Canal Treatment With Diode Lasers: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2019; 9:237-242. [PMID: 31119017 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2018.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Increased temperature due to the application of laser during root canal disinfection may damage periodontium, alveolar bone, and permanent dental germ. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature increase of the external surface of primary roots due to the application of 810 nm and 980 nm diode lasers. Methods: A total of 58 extracted human primary teeth were prepared and randomly divided into two groups: (a) 810 nm diode laser and (b) 980 nm diode laser. Then, each group was divided into 4 subgroups based on the location of the temperature measurement, including subgroup 1: external root surface of primary anterior roots (A); subgroup 2: external root surface of posterior teeth at inter-root space (IS); subgroup 3: external root surface of posterior teeth at outer-root space (OS) and subgroup 4: external surface of furcation area of posterior teeth (F). Results: The mean temperature rise in group a (7.02±2.95ºC) was less than that of group b (10.62±4.59ºC) (P<0.001). Also, a significant difference was found between the laser groups in terms of the mean temperature rise of the external root surface at IS, OS and F, with higher temperature increase occurring in all points in laser b. The comparison of irradiation points in each laser showed a higher mean temperature rise for IS than OS, but this difference was only significant in group b (P<0.001). Conclusion: Within the studied parameters, 810 nm and 980 nm diode lasers should be used cautiously in primary root canals because of their temperature rise during their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Seraj
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Reseach Institute, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Moosavi Garmaroodi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadimi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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205
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Ganesh A, Veronica AK, Ashok R, Varadan P, Deivanayagam K. Quantification of Fusobacterium nucleatum at Depths of Root Dentinal Tubules in the Tooth Using Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2019; 11:e4711. [PMID: 31355071 PMCID: PMC6650189 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microorganisms have been known to cause pain and infection in the tooth. Fusobacterium nucleatum was always found predominantly in failed root canal treatments. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to quantify Fusobacterium nucleatum at the inner and peripheral half of coronal, middle and apical region of the root by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). METHODS Extracted maxillary incisors were taken. After shaping and cleaning, the root canals were inoculated with Fusobacterium nucleatum. Samples were taken from both the inner and peripheral halves of dentin. The inoculated teeth were maintained in anaerobic jars for two weeks, and the bacterial isolates were changed every third day. The quantification was done using qPCR. RESULTS The cycle threshold (Ct) value in all groups showed the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum. CONCLUSION Fusobacterium nucleatum penetrates to the entire thickness of dentin in the middle and apical region. The coaggregation with other microorganisms could be responsible for the symptomatic endodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arathi Ganesh
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Rupa Ashok
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Preethi Varadan
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Kandaswamy Deivanayagam
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
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206
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Prada I, Micó-Muñoz P, Giner-Lluesma T, Micó-Martínez P, Collado-Castellano N, Manzano-Saiz A. Influence of microbiology on endodontic failure. Literature review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e364-e372. [PMID: 31041915 PMCID: PMC6530959 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main cause of endodontic failure is the persistence of microorganisms that cause an intraradicular or extratradicular infection and that become resistant to disinfection measures. The objective of this review is to identify the microbiota associated with endodontic failure, as well as the reasons why these microorganisms are capable of surviving basic disinfection measures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Systematic search of scientific articles in the databases PubMed with the following keywords "Endodontic Infections", "Endodontic Microbiology", "Endodontic Failure", "Enterococcus Faecalis", "Endodontics Retreatment" was carried out. Case reports and articles with publication date prior to 2000 were not included in this review. RESULTS Most authors highlight E. faecalis as the main microorganism associated with endodontic failure, nevertheless there are recent studies that isolate, to a greater extent, other bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Propionibacterium. DISCUSSION These microorganisms have in common the following proprieties, which make them able to escape the disinfection measures: the ability to form a biofilm, to locate in areas unreachable to root canal instrumentation techniques, synergism, the ability to express survival genes and activate alternative metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Prada
- Calle Literato Gabriel Miro 34 4 11, Valencia 46008, Spain,
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207
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Babu NSV, Bhanushali PV, Bhanushali NV, Patel P. Comparative analysis of microleakage of temporary filling materials used for multivisit endodontic treatment sessions in primary teeth: an in vitro study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 20:565-570. [PMID: 30997657 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coronal leakage is an important factor contributing to the failure of endodontic treatment. The use of an efficient temporary restoration between sessions of multiple-visit pulpectomies is irrefutable. Two cements have long been used in endodontics-IRM, which is a reinforced zinc oxide cement and Cavit G, a calcium sulphate based cement. The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of nano silver containing UDMA-based cements with routinely used zinc oxide and calcium sulphate-based temporary cements in primary teeth. METHODS Standardized access cavities of 3 × 3 mm were prepared in the sixty caries-free primary molars. The teeth were divided randomly into four groups of 14 teeth each-Group I: IRM, Group II: Cavit G, Group III: Orafil-G and Group IV: Dia-Temp. Temporary restorative materials were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. The teeth were subjected to thermocycling and then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 h. The specimens were sectioned and evaluated under a digital microscope at 20× magnification and were scored for microleakage. The collected data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Dia-Temp presented the least microleakage values. The highest score for microleakage was shown by IRM followed by Orafil-G and Cavit-G. There was a significant difference between IRM and Diatemp groups (p value = 0.009), and among Orafil G and Diatemp groups (p value = 0.025). CONCLUSION Among the four materials tested, Dia-Temp exhibited the best sealing ability and its use is recommended in between sessions of endodontic treatment in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S V Babu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560004, India.
| | - P V Bhanushali
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560004, India
| | - N V Bhanushali
- Terna Dental College and Hospital, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400706, India
| | - P Patel
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560004, India
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208
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Olcay K, Eyüboglu TF, Özcan M. Clinical outcomes of non-surgical multiple-visit root canal retreatment: a retrospective cohort study. Odontology 2019; 107:536-545. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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209
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Morio K, Thayer EL, Bates AM, Brogden KA. 255-nm Light-emitting Diode Kills Enterococcus faecalis and Induces the Production of Cellular Biomarkers in Human Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells and Gingival Fibroblasts. J Endod 2019; 45:774-783.e6. [PMID: 30930014 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The successful treatment of infected or inflamed endodontic tissues requires chemomechanical debridement of the canal spaces and proper sealing of the coronal and apical canal openings. Only a few methods are available to further disinfect areas or initiate regeneration of local tissues. In this study, we assessed the ability of 255-nm and 405-nm light-emitting diode (LED) treatment to kill planktonic cultures of Enterococcus faecalis and induce the production of cellular biomarkers related to endodontic tissue regeneration. METHODS We determined the antimicrobial effects of 255-nm and 405-nm LED treatment on E. faecalis and the effects of 255-nm and 405-nm LED treatment on the production of osteoinductive, angiogenic, proliferative, and proinflammatory biomarkers from human embryonic palatal mesenchyme (HEPM) cells and gingival fibroblasts. RESULTS We showed that 255-nm LED but not 405-nm LED treatment killed E. faecalis; the 255-nm LED and sodium hypochlorite more efficiently killed E. faecalis; neither 255-nm nor 405-nm LED treatment affected the viability of HEPM cells and gingival fibroblasts; and 255-nm LED treatment, alone or in combination with 405-nm LED treatment, of HEPM cells and gingival fibroblasts induced the production of biomarkers related to endodontic tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest a new treatment modality using short periods of 255-nm LED treatment as an adjunct to chemomechanical debridement for the disinfection of inflamed sites and the production of biomarkers related to endodontic tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Morio
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Emma L Thayer
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Amber M Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kim A Brogden
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
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210
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Is it really penetration? Part 2. Locomotion of Enterococcus faecalis cells within dentinal tubules of bovine teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:4325-4334. [PMID: 30888514 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present vitro study was to examine the question whether devitalized Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) cells can migrate into dentinal tubules and if that process takes place in a time-dependent manner. DESIGN Sixty bovine root canals were incubated with devitalized and vital streptomycin-resistant E. faecalis strains after root canal enlargement (size 80, taper .02) with 3% NaOCl solution. Incubation times 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. Samples were processed for analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining. The penetration depth was calculated with the measurement tool of the Axio Vision program (Zeiss, Jena, Germany). Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0.05) and Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Devitalized E. faecalis strains were able to migrate into dentinal tubules. The total number and penetration depth of devitalized E. faecalis cells was lower compared to the vital suspension of E. faecalis. It was noted, that bacterial penetration was not common to all of the dentinal tubules in the vital E. faecalis control and especially in the devitalized control. The migration took place in a time-dependent migration characteristic. CONCLUSIONS Devitalized E. faecalis cells are still able to migrate into the dentinal tubules due to possible electrokinetic and osmotic processes. Thereby, increased exposure times lead to a time-dependent penetration characteristic. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Since devitalized bacteria can migrate as well into dentinal tubules, the presence of bacteria within dentinal tubules cannot be interpreted as a failure of tested preparation regimens.
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211
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Sahar-Helft S, Erez A, Shay B, Assad R, Funk B, Polak D. Enhancing Er:YAG bactericidal effect against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1717-1721. [PMID: 30847656 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharonit Sahar-Helft
- Department of Endodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Assaf Erez
- Department of Endodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Boaz Shay
- Department of Endodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rawi Assad
- Department of Periodontology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bernhard Funk
- Dental faculty, Institute of Dental Science, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Polak
- Department of Periodontology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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212
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Halloysite nanotubes loaded with alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as antibacterial agent for root canal sealers. Dent Mater 2019; 35:789-796. [PMID: 30827798 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at evaluating the effects of experimental endodontic sealers containing halloysite nanotubes (HNT) doped with alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ATAB). METHODS An experimental dual-cure resin sealer was formulated and used as control material. This resin was also filled with ATAB and HNT at different ratios (GATAB:HNT 1:1; 1:2; 2:1) generate three experimental resin sealers. The ATAB:HNT filler was characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). While, the experimental and control sealers were evaluated for degree of conversion, softening ration, radiopacity, flow, film thickness, antibacterial activity for biofilm and planktonic bacteria and cytotoxicity in human pulpal cells. RESULTS GATAB:HNT (1:1) significantly increased the immediate DC (p < 0.05), although no difference was encountered between the groups after 24 h (p > 0.05). All the experimental cements (ATAB/HNT) showed relatively low initial Knoop hardness (p < 0.05), but with no significant reduction (p > 0.05) after storage in ethanol (softening ratio). The radiopacity of all groups achieved at least 3 mm of aluminum. All groups showed more than 17 mm of flow, with a film thickness lower than 50 μm (ISO 6876:2012). All the experimental ATAB:HNT cements showed antibacterial activity against E. faecalis; the higher the ATAB ratio, the greater the antibacterial activity (p < 0.05). Cell viability was higher than 70% with no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of ATAB/HNT into the experimental resin sealers induced antibacterial activity against biofilm and planktonic E. faecalis without affecting the pulp cell viability or the chemo-mechanical properties.
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213
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Aksel H, Küçükkaya Eren S, Askerbeyli Örs S, Serper A, Ocak M, Çelik HH. Micro‐CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using the ProTaper Universal Retreatment system supplemented by the XP‐Endo Finisher file. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1070-1076. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Aksel
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics School of Dental Medicine University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA
| | - S. Küçükkaya Eren
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - S. Askerbeyli Örs
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - A. Serper
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - M. Ocak
- Department of Anatomy Faculty of Dentistry Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - H. H. Çelik
- Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
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214
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De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Zuolo AS, Cavalcante DM, Carvalhal JCA, Simões-Carvalho M, Souza EM, Lopes RT, Silva EJNL. XP-endo Finisher R instrument optimizes the removal of root filling remnants in oval-shaped canals. Int Endod J 2019; 52:899-907. [PMID: 30663790 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the performance of XP-endo Finisher R instruments when removing root filling remnants from oval-shaped canals using microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging as the analytical tool. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) was used as a reference technique for comparison. METHODOLOGY Twenty mandibular incisors with oval-shaped canals were matched based on similar anatomic features of the canal (volume, aspect ratio and 3D configuration) after scanning procedures. The canals were prepared with Reciproc R25 instruments, filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer using the single-cone technique and retreated up to a Reciproc R40 instrument. After retreatment procedures, the specimens were rescanned, and the homogeneity between the specimens, the oval-shaped anatomy and the remaining filling material were confirmed. The pair-matched samples were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 10), according to the supplementary approach used: XP-endo Finisher R or PUI. Each sample was scanned after each endodontic procedure. The volume of remaining root filling material was quantified before and after the use of each supplementary approach. This analysis was performed considering the total canal (Student t-test) and also by thirds (anova procedure followed by a Bonferroni correction). Data were analysed statistically with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The volume of root filling material at baseline was similar between the groups (t-test, P = 0.787). XP-endo Finisher R removed significantly more root filling material compared to PUI (t-test, P = 0.015), as it removed a mean of ≅32% material compared to 12% for the PUI. There was no difference in the amount of root filling material removed in the root canal thirds after using both supplementary approaches (one-way anova, P = 0.07 for XP-endo Finisher R and P = 0.886 for PUI). CONCLUSIONS Both supplementary approaches significantly reduced the volume of remaining root filling material from oval-shaped canals. The XP-endo Finisher R instrument removed significantly more root filling material than PUI. None of the supplementary approaches was able to render oval-shaped canals completely free from remaining root filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A S Zuolo
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D M Cavalcante
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J C A Carvalhal
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - R T Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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215
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Genc Sen O, Kaya M. Effect of Root Canal Disinfection with a Diode Laser on Postoperative Pain After Endodontic Retreatment. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:85-90. [PMID: 31050927 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of root canal disinfection with a 940-nm diode laser on the intensity of pain after endodontic retreatment. Background data: Microorganisms are the most common causes of tooth pain. Therefore, clinical studies are needed to explore the effect of disinfection techniques on postoperative pain. Methods: Eighty-four patients scheduled for endodontic retreatment were allocated to two groups in a 1:1 ratio (n = 42 each). After root canal filling removal and chemomechanical procedures, the root canals were disinfected with a 940-nm diode laser in one group [laser disinfection (LD) group]. In the other group, a mock application of laser was made with the power off [pseudo-laser disinfection (PLD) group]. All retreatment procedures were completed in a single visit. The patients assessed their pain levels at 24, 48, and 72 h after retreatment using a numeric rating scale. The number of analgesic pills used during this period was also recorded. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Postoperative pain on the first 2 days was significantly lesser in the LD group than in the PLD group (p < 0.05), and the difference became insignificant on the third day (p > 0.05). Moreover, analgesic intake over 3 days and pain on percussion on the fourth day were significantly lesser in the LD group than in the PLD group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Elimination of microorganisms from root canals is important for preventing postoperative complications. Our findings suggest that diode LD can reduce postoperative pain and provide comfort after endodontic retreatment. This study is registered in www.ClinicalTrials.gov database with the identifier number NCT03584880.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Genc Sen
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Melih Kaya
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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216
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de Oliveira RL, Guerisoli DMZ, Duque JA, Alcalde MP, Onoda HK, Domingues FHF, Vivan RR, Duarte MAH. Computed microtomography evaluation of calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressing removal from oval root canals by different methods of irrigation. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:232-237. [PMID: 30614119 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of conventional irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Easy Clean for removing calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressing from oval root canals. Thirty mandibular uniradicular incisors with oval canals were used, and subjected to chemical-mechanical preparation with Reciproc R40 instruments. The main canal was filled with a paste based on Ca(OH)2 P.A., iodoform and propylene glycol in the ratio of 3:1:1. The teeth were stored in 100% humidity at a temperature of 37°C for 14 days. Afterwards, the teeth were divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the method of irrigation used (conventional irrigation, PUI, and Easy Clean). The specimens were analyzed by computed microtomography at three time intervals: before placing the root canal dressing, with the root canal dressing in place, and after application of the irrigation methods for removing it. The data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests for analyzing the canal as a whole, and Friedman and Dunn for analyzing the root thirds. The results showed that conventional irrigation was less efficient for removing the root canal dressing in comparison with the methods that agitated the irrigant solution (p < .05). When the root canal was analyzed as a whole, Easy Clean, and PUI were similar (p > .05). In analysis of the thirds, Easy Clean was more efficient than conventional irrigation in all the thirds, while PUI showed this behavior only in the cervical third (p < .05). The authors concluded that in oval canals, none of the irrigation methods were capable of removing all the root canal dressing, however, the methods that agitated the irrigant solution were more efficient than conventional irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata L de Oliveira
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mississippi, Brazil
| | - Danilo M Z Guerisoli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mississippi, Brazil
| | - Jussaro A Duque
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Murilo P Alcalde
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Hélio K Onoda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mississippi, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo R Vivan
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Marco A H Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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217
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Iandolo A, Dagna A, Poggio C, Capar I, Amato A, Abdellatif D. Evaluation of the actual chlorine concentration and the required time for pulp dissolution using different sodium hypochlorite irrigating solutions. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:108-113. [PMID: 31142977 PMCID: PMC6519176 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_165_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The goal of root canal treatment is to shape and clean the endodontic space, reducing the bacterial load and removing the pulp tissue. Obviously, the action of the endodontic instruments is limited to the main canals, regardless of the complexity of the endodontic space. Consequently, finding the best possible cleaning technique, which can be obtained chemically using irrigation solutions, is a fundamental aid in endodontic therapy. One of the most commonly used root canal irrigants is sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), available in various commercial formulations. The effectiveness of NaOCl is undeniable. However, the action of dissolution of the pulp tissue is merely dependent on the concentration and the characteristics of the irrigant itself. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effective concentration of different commercial formulas of NaOCl, by evaluating the percentage of total chlorine in each product. The dissolution capacity of the pulp tissue of each of the tested products was then analyzed by measuring the required time. Materials and Methods: Three commercial types of NaOCl were selected for this study: 5% NaOCl (ACE, Procter and Gamble), 5% NaOCl (N5, Simit Dental), and 6% NaOCl (CanalPro, Coltene). For each product, 10 packages were used, from which samples of the product were taken and 30 ml × 5 ml tubes were filled. All samples were divided into three groups and were analyzed using the DIN EN ISO 7393-2 method and the percentage of total chlorine (expressed as a percentage) was calculated. Forty samples of vital pulp were obtained from teeth freshly extracted for periodontal reasons and stored in physiological solution. In order to unify the size and weight of the samples (0.0001 mg), a microtome and a precision balance (Pro Explorer Ohaus) were used. Each sample, carefully examined by stereomicroscope (×40), was placed in artificial plastic containers and submerged in 0.1 ml of irrigating solution at room temperature (26°C). A fourth control group used saline solution as irrigant. Simultaneously with the insertion of the irrigating solution, a digital stopwatch was activated and the time necessary for the complete dissolution of the pulp sample was measured. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The average percentages of chlorine detected for each group were: 4.26% (ACE), 5.16% (N5), and 5.97% (CanalPro). The Kruskal–Wallis test showed statistically significant differences between the different commercial formulations of hypochlorite (P < 0.05). CanalPro showed the lowest values, whereas ACE showed the highest values of dissolution time of the pulp. Discussion: The analysis of the total chlorine percentage found that the actual concentration of the NaOCl in the samples is close to the values declared by the manufacturers both in the case of N5 and CanalPro. On the contrary, the concentration detected in the samples of common bench bleach (ACE) is significantly lower, which has average values <5%. This explains the longer time taken for the complete dissolution of the pulp tissue. The average dissolution time of the pulp samples was in fact inversely proportional to the concentration detected in the tested irrigants and hence that a lower time corresponds to a higher concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Iandolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Dagna
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, Endodontic Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Poggio
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, Endodontic Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ismail Capar
- Ismail CAPAR, Private Practice, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dina Abdellatif
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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218
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Escobar PM, Kishen A, Lopes FC, Borges CC, Kegler EG, Sousa-Neto MD. A CAD/CAM-based strategy for concurrent endodontic and restorative treatment. Restor Dent Endod 2019; 44:e27. [PMID: 31485423 PMCID: PMC6713073 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2019.44.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a technique in which endodontic treatment and permanent indirect restoration were completed in the same clinical appointment with the aid of a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system. Two patients were diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis of the mandibular first molar. After access preparation, root canals were located, irrigation was performed until bleeding ceased, and the coronal tooth structure was prepared for indirect restoration. Then, utilizing an interim 3-mm build-up of the endodontic access cavity, a hemi-arch digital scan was performed with an intraoral scanner. Subsequent to digital scanning, restoration design was performed simultaneously with the endodontic procedure. The root canals were shaped using the Race system under irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite followed by root canal filling. The pulp chamber was subsequently filled with a 3-mm-thick composite resin restoration mimicking the interim build-up previously utilized to facilitate block milling in the CAD/CAM system. Clinical try-in of the permanent onlay restoration was followed by acid etching, application of a 5th generation adhesive, and cementation of the indirect restoration. Once the restoration was cemented, rubber dam isolation was removed, followed by occlusal adjustment and polishing. After 2 years of follow-up, the restorations were esthetically and functionally satisfactory, without complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Maria Escobar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Anil Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fabiane Carneiro Lopes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Cristina Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Gabriel Kegler
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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219
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Plotino G, Grande NM, Mercade M. Photodynamic therapy in endodontics. Int Endod J 2018; 52:760-774. [PMID: 30548497 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that was initiated in 1900; however, it was not until the last decade that PDT regained attention for its several favourable features during the treatment of microbial infections in endodontics. Recently, several papers advocated its use for root canal treatment. The concept of photodynamic inactivation requires microbial exposure to either exogenous or endogenous photosensitizer molecules, followed by visible light energy, typically wavelengths in the red/near-infrared region that cause the excitation of the photosensitizers resulting in the production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species that react with intracellular components and consequently produce cell inactivation and death. Recently, PDT has been suggested as a promising effective adjunct to standard antimicrobial intracanal cleaning and shaping for the treatment of periapical lesions. Current publications tested PDT in terms of bacterial load reduction in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo, showing promising results. The purpose of this article was to review the existing literature on PDT in the endodontic field regarding its mechanism of action, photosensitizers and light sources, limitations and clinical procedures. Although positive results have been demonstrated in vitro, there are considerably fewer in vivo investigations. In conclusion, more in vivo studies are needed on the use of antimicrobial PDT in root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N M Grande
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mercade
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Researcher IDIBELL Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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220
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Campello AF, Almeida BM, Franzoni MA, Alves FRF, Marceliano-Alves MF, Rôças IN, Siqueira JF, Provenzano JC. Influence of solvent and a supplementary step with a finishing instrument on filling material removal from canals connected by an isthmus. Int Endod J 2018; 52:716-724. [PMID: 30481389 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of a solvent (eucalyptol) in improving filling material removal from canals connected by isthmuses, and the additional cleaning effect of a finishing instrument. METHODOLOGY The mesial canals from 32 mandibular molars (Vertucci's type II morphology) were instrumented and filled with the single-cone technique using Reciproc R25 gutta-percha points (VDW, Munich, Germany) combined with Sealer 26 (Dentsply, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil). Each root was then subjected to retreatment using the Mtwo instrument system (VDW), with or without a solvent (n = 16 per group). The volume of filling material in the canals was assessed by micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) scans taken before and after retreatment. Canals with remnants of filling material received a supplementary procedure with the XP-endo Finisher R instrument (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), with or without eucalyptol, and another micro-CT scan was taken. All retreatment procedures were performed inside a cabinet under a controlled temperature (37 °C). Filling material removal was evaluated in the 5-mm apical canal system for the canal+isthmus space or the isthmus alone. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the removal of filling material with and without eucalyptol, and after a supplementary approach with XP-endo Finisher R. The level of significance was set at 5% for all statistical tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS The amount of filling material removed from the canal+isthmus with Mtwo instruments was 83.2% when no solvent was used and 83.8% using the solvent (P > 0.05). When the isthmus area was evaluated separately, most specimens were associated with a reduction in the filling material, with no significant difference between the groups with or without using a solvent (P > 0.05). The supplementary step with XP-endo Finisher R significantly improved removal of filling material from both canal and isthmus area (P < 0.05), regardless of the use of a solvent (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The use of eucalyptol did not improve filling material removal from Vertucci's type II molar mesial canals and isthmuses. XP-endo Finisher R significantly enhanced removal of filling material from the canals and isthmuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Campello
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - B M Almeida
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M A Franzoni
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F R F Alves
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M F Marceliano-Alves
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - I N Rôças
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J F Siqueira
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J C Provenzano
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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221
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Olcay K, Ataoglu H, Belli S. Evaluation of Related Factors in the Failure of Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Cross-sectional Study. J Endod 2018; 44:38-45. [PMID: 29246376 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to review the factors related to the failure and extraction of unsuccessful endodontically treated teeth. METHODS A total of 1000 teeth treated with nonsurgical root canal therapy were analyzed, and the following information was recorded for each patient: reasons for failure and extraction, type of tooth, presence and type of coronal restoration, smoking status, age, gender, and level of education. One main reason was recorded for each failed tooth. The associations between reasons for failure, patient, and tooth were tested by using χ2 analysis. RESULTS Of the 1000 endodontically failed teeth analyzed in this study, 28.1% (n = 281) were extracted, 66% (n = 660) were re-treated, and 5.9% (n = 59) were treated with apical surgery. Among the reasons for failure, restorative and endodontic reasons were seen most frequently (43.9%, n = 439), whereas orthodontic reasons were seldom seen (0.1%, n = 1). The most common reason for extraction was for prosthetic reasons (40.8%), and perforation/stripping was the least common (2.9%). The mandibular first molars were the most frequently extracted teeth (27.4%, n = 77). CONCLUSIONS The most common reason for the extraction of endodontically treated teeth was for prosthetic reasons. Among the reasons for failure, restorative and endodontic reasons were the most frequently seen, and orthodontic reasons were the most seldom. The teeth that failed most frequently were mandibular first molars, and the teeth that failed least frequently were maxillary third molars. The most common reason for the extraction of failed endodontically treated teeth was for prosthetic reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keziban Olcay
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hanife Ataoglu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sema Belli
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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222
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Soares CJ, Rodrigues MDP, Faria-e-Silva AL, Santos-Filho PCF, Veríssimo C, Kim HC, Versluis A. How biomechanics can affect the endodontic treated teeth and their restorative procedures? Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e76. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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223
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Aslan T, Üstün Y, Çınar F, Düzgün S, Şener İ. Fortification of Fractured Instrument Removal Simulated Roots Using Several Calcium Silicate-Based Materials. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.391219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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224
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Shen YF, Huang TH, Ng HY, Fang HY, Hsu TT. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Mixed with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for the Photodynamic Antimicrobial Strategy in Hard Tissue Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1734. [PMID: 30223515 PMCID: PMC6163745 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) based photodynamic antimicrobial strategy can provide good antimicrobial effects and be used for medical applications. The aim of this study was to apply this strategy to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), which is commonly used as a filling material for root endings and by doing so, to increase the bactericidal capability of MTA, as well as to investigate its characterization, cytocompatibility, and odontogenic differentiation potential. MTA is known to be a derivative of calcium silicate (CS). In this study, MTA specimens with or without ALA and light treatment were prepared. Diametral tensile strength values (DTS), setting durations, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, apatite-mineralization, and antimicrobial abilities of the MTA, were also analyzed. Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) can proliferate into the newly formed matrix and differentiate into odontoblasts to reinforce and strengthen the root. Levels of hDPCs proliferation and its odontogenic capabilities when cultured on MTA with ALA and light treatment, and the percentages of cells existing in the various cell cycle stages, were further evaluated in this study. The results indicated that MTA added ALA with light treatment had greater antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility, compared to MTA alone. A higher percentage S phase of the cells cultured on MTA added ALA with light treatment was observed. Furthermore, hDPCs cultured on MTA added ALA with light treatment had the highest expression levels of the odontoblastic differentiation markers. ALA has great antimicrobial efficiency and is a potential material for future medical applications. ALA-based photodynamic antibacterial strategy applied in the MTA has great antibacterial ability, cytocompatibility, and odontoblastic differentiation potential, and can facilitate the development of root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Hooi-Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yuan Fang
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
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225
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De-Deus G, Belladonna FG, Zuolo AS, Simões-Carvalho M, Santos CB, Oliveira DS, Cavalcante DM, Silva EJNL. Effectiveness of Reciproc Blue in removing canal filling material and regaining apical patency. Int Endod J 2018; 52:250-257. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - F. G. Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - A. S. Zuolo
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - M. Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - C. B. Santos
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - D. S. Oliveira
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - D. M. Cavalcante
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University; Niterói Brazil
| | - E. J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; Grande Rio University; Duque de Caxias Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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226
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Indarika A, Nursasongko B, Kamizar. Comparison of uninstrumented areas of oval root canals with circumferential filing using different rotary files. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1073/4/042004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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227
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Ghorbanzadeh A, Fekrazad R, Bahador A, Ayar R, Tabatabai S, Asefi S. Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of various root canal disinfection methods against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. An ex-vivo study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:44-51. [PMID: 30130574 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete elimination of bacteria and their by-products from the root canal system is very difficult with current techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of different disinfection protocols against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms. METHODS Seventy-six extracted single-rooted human teeth were selected. Root canal preparation was done by proTaper rotary instruments. The smear layer was removed by 17% EDTA, followed by 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. After sterilization using gamma irradiation, sterilized specimens were inoculated with an E. faecalis suspension, incubated for 4 days and 4 weeks and then randomly divided into two experimental groups (4 days, 4 weeks old biofilms). After the confirmation of biofilm formation with SEM, the specimens in the experimental groups were randomly divided into five experimental subgroups according to the method of disinfection applied, which included: Diode laser irradiation (810 nm, 2 W), Light activated disinfection (LAD) with Indocyanine Green, 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2% CHX), 0.2% CHX + LAD and 0.2% CHX + Diode groups. RESULTS Complete biofilm bacterial elimination was not observed in either of the experimental groups. CHX + LAD (0.2%) method exhibited the highest reduction value in biofilm and only Diode alone revealed the lowest in all the root canal portions. Disinfection protocols also showed significantly lower antibacterial efficacy against 4-week old than the 4-day old matured biofilms (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION All the evaluated methods in this study were effective in the relative elimination of the E. faecalis biofilms except diode laser alone. Nevertheless, 0.2% CHX + LAD exhibited significantly higher efficacy in reducing both 4-day and 4-week old biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Ghorbanzadeh
- Endodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sohrab Asefi
- Orthodontic Department, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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228
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Ricucci D, Lopes WS, Loghin S, Rôças IN, Siqueira JF. Large Bacterial Floc Causing an Independent Extraradicular Infection and Posttreatment Apical Periodontitis: A Case Report. J Endod 2018; 44:1308-1316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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229
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Alqahtani Q, Zaky SH, Patil A, Beniash E, Ray H, Sfeir C. Decellularized Swine Dental Pulp Tissue for Regenerative Root Canal Therapy. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1460-1467. [PMID: 30067420 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518785124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current theme of dental pulp regeneration, biological and synthetic scaffolds are becoming a potential therapy for pulp revitalization. The goal is to provide a suitable environment for cellular infiltration, proliferation, and differentiation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a natural scaffold material resembling the native tissue chemical and mechanical properties. In the past few years, ECM-based scaffolds have shown promising results in terms of progenitor cells recruitment, promotion of constructive remodeling, and modulation of host response. These properties make ECM-derived scaffolds an ideal candidate for pulp regenerative therapy. Development of strategies for clinically relevant tissue engineering using dental pulp extracellular matrix (DP-ECM) can provide an alternative to conventional root canal treatment. In this work, we successfully decellularized ECM derived from porcine dental pulp. The resulting scaffold was characterized using immunostaining (collagen type I, dentin matrix protein 1, dentin sialoprotein, and Von Willebrand factor) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (transforming growth factor β, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor) for extracellular proteins where the ECM retained its proteins and significant amount of growth factors. Furthermore, a pilot in vivo study was conducted where the matrix was implanted for 8 wk in a dog root canal model. Our in vitro and preliminary in vivo data show that the decellularized ECM supports cellular infiltration together with the expression of pulp-dentin and vascular markers (DSP and CD31) compared to the controls. Herein, we show the feasibility to produce a decellularized ECM scaffold and validate the concept of using ECM-based scaffolds for pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Alqahtani
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S H Zaky
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,2 Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A Patil
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E Beniash
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H Ray
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,5 Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Sfeir
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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230
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Tartari T, Wichnieski C, Bachmann L, Jafelicci M, Silva RM, Letra A, van der Hoeven R, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Effect of the combination of several irrigants on dentine surface properties, adsorption of chlorhexidine and adhesion of microorganisms to dentine. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1420-1433. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tartari
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - C. Wichnieski
- Department of Endodontics; Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; Curitiba PR Brazil
| | - L. Bachmann
- Department of Physics; Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Literature of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - M. Jafelicci
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - R. M. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - A. Letra
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - R. van der Hoeven
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - M. A. H. Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - C. M. Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
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231
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keskin C, Sarıyılmaz E, Güler DH. Efficacy of novel thermomechanically treated reciprocating systems for gutta-percha removal from root canals obturated with warm vertical compaction. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2018; 12:110-115. [PMID: 30087761 PMCID: PMC6076885 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2018.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The present study aimed to test the efficacy of novel reciprocating systems in terms of gutta-percha removal of roots obturated with warm vertical compaction technique. Methods. Ninety straight rooted maxillary incisors were enlarged with hand files up to a # 50/02 apical size and obturated using warm vertical compaction technique. The specimens were divided into four groups according to system used for filling removal, as Reciproc Blue, Reciproc, WaveOne Gold and hand-instrumentation. The residual filling materials and time required for root canal removal were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests with 5% significance threshold. Results. There were no significant differences among Reciproc, Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold (P > 0.05). Hand-instrumentation group left significantly greater root canal filling material (P < 0.05). The time required for root canal filling removal was significantly shorter in the Reciproc group followed by WaveOne Gold, Reciproc Blue and hand-instrumentation groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion. Efficacy of Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold and Reciproc instruments for root canal filling removal were similar and superior to hand-instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- cangul keskin
- Department of Endodontics, OndokuzMayıs University Faculty of Dentistry, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Evren Sarıyılmaz
- Department of Endodontics, Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Duygu Hazal Güler
- Department of Endodontics, OndokuzMayıs University Faculty of Dentistry, Samsun, Turkey
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232
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İriboz E, Arıcan Öztürk B, Kolukırık M, Karacan İ, Sazak Öveçoğlu H. Detection of the unknown components of the oral microflora of teeth with periapical radiolucencies in a Turkish population using next-generation sequencing techniques. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1349-1357. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. İriboz
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Marmara University; Maltepe İstanbul, Turkey
| | - B. Arıcan Öztürk
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Marmara University; Maltepe İstanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Kolukırık
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Marmara University; Maltepe İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İ. Karacan
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Marmara University; Maltepe İstanbul, Turkey
| | - H. Sazak Öveçoğlu
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Marmara University; Maltepe İstanbul, Turkey
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233
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Xavier F, Nevares G, Gominho L, Rodrigues R, Cassimiro M, Romeiro K, Albuquerque D. Bacterial Reduction after Gutta-Percha Removal with Single vs. Multiple Instrument Systems. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2018; 13:176-180. [PMID: 29707011 PMCID: PMC5911290 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i2.17505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a reciprocating single-instrument system (Reciproc-REC) compared with combined continuously rotating multiple-instrument systems [D-Race (DR) and BioRace (BR)] in reducing Enterococcus faecalis (E.f.) after gutta-percha removal. Methods and Materials: Forty-six extracted human maxillary incisors were prepared and contaminated with E.f. strain (ATCC 29212) for 30 days. The samples were obturated and randomly divided into two experimental groups for gutta-percha removal (n=23): a REC group (R50) and a DR/BR group (DR1, DR2 and BR6). A standardized irrigation with 0.9% saline solution was performed. Root canal samples were taken with paper points before (S1) and after (S2) the removal of gutta-percha to establish bacterial quantification by culture. The time required for gutta-percha removal was also recorded. Positive and negative control groups (n=6) were used to test bacterial viability and control asepsis, respectively. Data were analysed using t-Student and one-way ANOVA tests (5% margin of error). Results: The mean percentage of bacterial reduction was significantly higher in DR/BR group (84.2%) than in REC group (72.3%) (P<0.05). The mean time for obturation removal was 74.00 sec in REC group and 107.53 sec in DR/BR group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined continuously rotating multiple-instrument system was more effective in reducing bacteria after the removal of gutta-percha than the single-instrument system. None of the tested systems was able to completely eliminate root canal infection after gutta-percha removal. Thus, additional techniques should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Xavier
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Giselle Nevares
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luciana Gominho
- Department of Endodontics, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Renata Rodrigues
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcely Cassimiro
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Kaline Romeiro
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diana Albuquerque
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
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234
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Biočanin V, Antonijević Đ, Poštić S, Ilić D, Vuković Z, Milić M, Fan Y, Li Z, Brković B, Đurić M. Marginal Gaps between 2 Calcium Silicate and Glass Ionomer Cements and Apical Root Dentin. J Endod 2018; 44:816-821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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235
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Li FC, Kishen A. Microtissue engineering root canal dentine with crosslinked biopolymeric nanoparticles for mechanical stabilization. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1171-1180. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F.-C. Li
- Faculty of Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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236
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Cho YD, Seol YJ, Lee YM, Heo SJ, Ku Y. Immediate Implant Placement at a Periapical Lesion Site: A Case Series. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2018; 44:281-286. [PMID: 29608405 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dan Cho
- 1 Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- 1 Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- 1 Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Joo Heo
- 2 Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ku
- 1 Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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237
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Ballal NV, Ferrer-Luque CM, Sona M, Prabhu KN, Arias-Moliz T, Baca P. Evaluation of final irrigation regimens with maleic acid for smear layer removal and wettability of root canal sealer. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:199-203. [PMID: 29126370 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1402208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the smear layer removal and wettability of AH Plus sealer on root canal dentin treated with MA (maleic acid), MA + CTR (cetrimide) and MA + CTR + CHX (chlorhexidine) as final irrigating regimens. MATERIAL AND METHODS For smear layer removal, 40 teeth were instrumented to size F4 and divided into four groups: (1) 7% MA, (2) 7% MA + 0.2% CTR, (3) 7% MA + 0.2% CTR + 2% CHX, (4) distilled water (control). After irrigation, teeth were subjected to SEM analysis. For contact angle analysis, 20 teeth were split longitudinally and divided into four groups similar to smear layer analysis. AH plus sealer was placed on each specimen and contact angle was analysed. RESULTS In both smear layer (p = .393) and contact angle analysis (p = .961), there was no significant difference between the groups MA and MA + CTR. However, MA + CTR + CHX removed smear layer less effectively (p = .023) and increased the contact angle of the sealer (p = .005). In smear layer analysis, specimens in negative control group were heavily smeared. In case of contact angle analysis, samples in the control group had least contact angle. CONCLUSION MA alone or in combination with CTR removed smear layer effectively and increased the wettability of AH plus sealer to root canal dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | | | - Mrunali Sona
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India
| | - K. Narayan Prabhu
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India
| | - Teresa Arias-Moliz
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Baca
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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238
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Fu M, Huang X, He W, Hou B. Effects of ultrasonic removal of fractured files from the middle third of root canals on dentinal cracks: a micro-computed tomography study. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1037-1046. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Fu
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - X. Huang
- Department of General Dentistry; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - W. He
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - B. Hou
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
- Department of General Dentistry; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
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239
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Taha NA, Albashaireh ZS, Alfied RG. Endodontic decision making for asymptomatic root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis - A radiographic survey. AUST ENDOD J 2018; 45:40-45. [PMID: 29573071 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare decision making for asymptomatic root-filled teeth among dentists with differing educational backgrounds. Case scenarios based on 14 radiographs were created and 150 participants were asked to choose from five alternative treatment decisions and to state the rationale. Demographic data of the participants were recorded. Frequency distribution and cross-tabulation were performed; chi square testing was used for comparisons and logistic regression was performed to detect significant differences. The overall response rate was 87.3%. The practitioners chose intervention predominantly with non-surgical retreatment a common choice. Poor technical quality was a driving factor, while the existing poor coronal restoration and the need for a crown were generally not taken into account by general dentists. Speciality and experience were significant factors. Practitioners were more inclined to retain rather than extract teeth. It is concluded that clear guidelines listing factors to consider for intervention are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrin A Taha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Zakereyya S Albashaireh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rmdan G Alfied
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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240
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Abrão F, Alves JA, Andrade G, de Oliveira PF, Ambrósio SR, Veneziani RCS, Tavares DC, Bastos JK, Martins CHG. Antibacterial Effect of Copaifera duckei Dwyer Oleoresin and Its Main Diterpenes against Oral Pathogens and Their Cytotoxic Effect. Front Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29515530 PMCID: PMC5826368 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antibacterial activity of the Copaifera duckei Dwyer oleoresin and two isolated compounds [eperu-8(20)-15,18-dioic acid and polyalthic acid] against bacteria involved in primary endodontic infections and dental caries and assesses the cytotoxic effect of these substances against a normal cell line. MIC and MBC assays pointed out the most promising metabolites for further studies on bactericidal kinetics, antibiofilm activity, and synergistic antibacterial action. The oleoresin and polyalthic acid but not eperu-8(20)-15,18-dioic provided encouraging MIC and MBC results at concentrations lower than 100 μg mL−1. The oleoresin and polyalthic acid activities depended on the evaluated strain. A bactericidal effect on Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 11578 and clinical isolate) emerged before 8 h of incubation. For all the tested bacteria, the oleoresin and polyalthic acid inhibited biofilm formation by at least 50%. The oleoresin and polyalthic acid gave the best activity against Actinomyces naeslundii (ATCC 19039) and L. casei (ATCC 11578), respectively. The synergistic assays combining the oleoresin or polyalthic acid with chlorhexidine did not afford interesting results. We examined the cytotoxicity of C. duckei oleoresin, eperu-8(20)-15,18-dioic acid, and polyalthic acid against Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. The oleoresin and polyalthic acid were cytotoxic at concentrations above 78.1 μg mL−1, whereas eperu-8(20)-15,18-dioic displayed cytotoxicity at concentrations above 312.5 μg mL−1. In conclusion, the oleoresin and polyalthic acid are potential sources of antibacterial agents against bacteria involved in primary endodontic infections and dental caries in both the sessile and the planktonic modes at concentrations that do not cause cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariza Abrão
- Research Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica A Alves
- Research Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gessica Andrade
- Research Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio R Ambrósio
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C S Veneziani
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise C Tavares
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos H G Martins
- Research Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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241
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Khasnis SA, Kar PP, Kamal A, Patil JD. Rotary science and its impact on instrument separation: A focused review. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:116-124. [PMID: 29674810 PMCID: PMC5890398 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_240_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient endodontic treatment demands thorough debridement of the root canal system with minimal procedural errors. The inherent weakness of nickel-titanium alloys is their unexpected breakage. Modifications in the design, manufacturing, thermomechanical and surface treatment of alloys and advancements in movement kinetics have shown to improve the fatigue properties of the alloys, reducing the incidence of separation. This review enlightens the impact of these factors on fatigue properties of the alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Anand Khasnis
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PMNM Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Prem Prakash Kar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PMNM Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Apoorva Kamal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PMNM Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayaprakash D. Patil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PMNM Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
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242
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Neelakantan P, Khan K, Li KY, Shetty H, Xi W. Effectiveness of supplementary irrigant agitation with the Finisher GF Brush on the debridement of oval root canals instrumented with the Gentlefile or nickel titanium rotary instruments. Int Endod J 2018; 51:800-807. [PMID: 29363136 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the efficacy of a novel supplementary irrigant agitating brush (Finisher GF Brush, MedicNRG, Kibbutz Afikim, Israel) on the debridement of root canals prepared with a novel stainless steel rotary instrumentation system (Gentlefile; MedicNRG), or nickel titanium rotary instruments in oval root canals. METHODOLOGY Mandibular premolars (n = 72) were selected and divided randomly into three experimental groups (n = 24) after microCT scanning: group 1, canal preparation to rotary NiTi size 20, .04 taper (R20); group 2, rotary NiTi to size 25, .04 taper (R25) and group 3, Gentlefile size 23, .04 taper (GF). Specimens were subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup A, syringe-and-needle irrigation (SNI); subgroup B, Finisher GF Brush (GB). Ten untreated canals served as controls. Specimens were processed for histological evaluation, and the remaining pulp tissue (RPT) was measured. Data were analysed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P = 0.05). RESULTS All experimental groups had significantly less RPT than the control (P < 0.05). Group 3B (GF-GB) had significantly less RPT than groups 1B (R20-GB) and 2B (R25-GF; P < 0.05). When irrigated with SNI, there was no significant difference in the RPT between the three groups (P > 0.05). When instrumented with R20, there was no significant difference between SNI and GF (P < 0.05) whilst GB had significantly less RPT than SNI for R25 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Supplementary irrigant agitation with the Finisher GF Brush improved the debridement of canals prepared with Gentlefile and size 25, .04 taper rotary NiTi. Root canal debridement did not significantly differ between the instruments when syringe irrigation was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Neelakantan
- Discipline of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K Khan
- Discipline of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K Y Li
- Centralized Research Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - H Shetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, India
| | - W Xi
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua College of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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243
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Rödig T, Wagner J, Wiegand A, Rizk M. Efficacy of the ProTaper retreatment system in removing Thermafil, GuttaCore or vertically compacted gutta-percha from curved root canals assessed by micro-CT. Int Endod J 2018; 51:808-815. [PMID: 29363142 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate ex vivo the efficacy of ProTaper Universal Retreatment files (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in removing Thermafil, GuttaCore (both Dentsply Sirona) or vertically compacted gutta-percha from curved root canals using micro-CT. METHODOLOGY Sixty curved molar roots with the same mean canal curvatures and radii in two directions were prepared using ProFile instruments (Dentsply Sirona) to size 30 with .04 taper and obturated with either Thermafil, GuttaCore or vertically compacted gutta-percha and AH Plus (n = 20). Specimens were retreated using the ProTaper Universal Retreatment files D1, D2 and D3 to working length, and root canal preparation was completed with ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona) to size ×4. Percentages of residual filling material and dentine removal were assessed using micro-CT imaging. Working time and procedural errors were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS No significant differences between carrier-based and warm vertical compaction regarding residual filling material (14.2-19.3%) and dentine removal (2.7-3.2 mm3 ) were detected (P > 0.05). Time to reach working length was significantly faster for canals filled with GuttaCore than that observed for Thermafil and warm vertical compaction (P < 0.05). Five lateral perforations with the D3 file occurred during retreatment, one in the Thermafil and four in the vertical compaction group. CONCLUSIONS Remaining filling material and dentine removal were similar for all canal filling techniques. Regaining working length was significantly faster for GuttaCore compared with Thermafil and vertically compacted gutta-percha. Procedural errors occurred during retreatment of severely curved root canals with the ProTaper Universal Retreatment files in 5 of 60 canals (8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rödig
- Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Wagner
- Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Wiegand
- Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Rizk
- Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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244
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Postoperative pain after removal of gutta-percha from root canals in endodontic retreatment using rotary or reciprocating instruments: a prospective clinical study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2623-2631. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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245
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Öğütlü F, Karaca İ. Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Apical Surgery: A Clinical Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018; 17:75-83. [PMID: 29382999 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-017-1008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endodontic treatment is usually indicated when teeth with periapical lesions are encountered. However, sometimes root canal treatment results in failure. In that case, one of the treatment choices is retreatment by an orthograde approach. Surgical endodontic therapy is also an alternative to preserve the tooth. Various techniques have been suggested in the literature which has more predictable results. The introduction of modern surgical techniques have enhanced the results of apical surgery procedures. Operating microscopes, magnifying loupes, microinstruments, ultrasonic tips, and biologically acceptable root-end filling materials (such as MTA and SuperEBA) have been introduced to this field with the modern technique, thus the success rates of modern apical surgery has increased significantly. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes and periotest values of apical surgery treatment. Methods A total of 112 teeth were included. SuperEBA and MTA were used as root-filling materials. The recorded parameters were gender, age, location of the tooth, the presence/absence of a post, coronal restoration of the tooth, previous surgical/nonsurgical treatment of the tooth, the size of periapical lesions, histopathology of periapical lesions, smoking habits. Also the periotest values were recorded. Results The overall success rate was 88.4%. With regard to the evaluated variables, only one parameter (tooth type) was found statistically significant. Although the periotest values were decreased after 6 months compared to immediately postoperative measurements, the values were still significantly higher than preoperative measurements. Conclusion In this study, apical surgery performed with the modern instruments has significantly successful results with 88.4% success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Öğütlü
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 82. Street 06510, Emek, Ankara Turkey
| | - İnci Karaca
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 82. Street 06510, Emek, Ankara Turkey
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246
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Nascimento EHL, Gaêta-Araujo H, Andrade MFS, Freitas DQ. Prevalence of technical errors and periapical lesions in a sample of endodontically treated teeth: a CBCT analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2495-2503. [PMID: 29354883 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study are to identify the most frequent technical errors in endodontically treated teeth and to determine which root canals were most often associated with those errors, as well as to relate endodontic technical errors and the presence of coronal restorations with periapical status by means of cone-beam computed tomography images. METHODS Six hundred eighteen endodontically treated teeth (1146 root canals) were evaluated for the quality of their endodontic treatment and for the presence of coronal restorations and periapical lesions. Each root canal was classified according to dental groups, and the endodontic technical errors were recorded. Chi-square's test and descriptive analyses were performed. RESULTS Six hundred eighty root canals (59.3%) had periapical lesions. Maxillary molars and anterior teeth showed higher prevalence of periapical lesions (p < 0.05). Endodontic treatment quality and coronal restoration were associated with periapical status (p < 0.05). Underfilling was the most frequent technical error in all root canals, except for the second mesiobuccal root canal of maxillary molars and the distobuccal root canal of mandibular molars, which were non-filled in 78.4 and 30% of the cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of apical radiolucencies, which increased in the presence of poor coronal restorations, endodontic technical errors, and when both conditions were concomitant. Underfilling was the most frequent technical error, followed by non-homogeneous and non-filled canals. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Evaluation of endodontic treatment quality that considers every single root canal aims on warning dental practitioners of the prevalence of technical errors that could be avoided with careful treatment planning and execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Helena Leandro Nascimento
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Gaêta-Araujo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Silva Andrade
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil
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247
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He J, White RK, White CA, Schweitzer JL, Woodmansey KF. Clinical and Patient-centered Outcomes of Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment in First Molars Using Contemporary Techniques. J Endod 2018; 43:231-237. [PMID: 28132709 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There have been many recent technical advances in modern endodontics that have the potential to affect treatment outcomes. Reports on treatment outcomes using contemporary techniques are relatively scarce, especially in the field of nonsurgical retreatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the success of nonsurgical root canal retreatment in molars using contemporary endodontic techniques. METHODS Sixty-three patients referred for retreatment in first molars were enrolled in the study. The retreatment procedures were performed by endodontic residents using a semistandardized treatment protocol. Patients were followed-up at 6, 12, and 24 months. Treatment outcomes were categorized into healed, healing, or nonhealing based on clinical and radiographic criteria. Healed and healing were considered as successes, and nonhealing was considered a failure. Outcomes were also evaluated using patient-centered criteria that included oral health-related quality of life scores and subjective chewing ability. RESULTS Fifty-two of the 63 patients were available for final analysis. Five cases (9.6%) were determined to be nonhealing at the last follow-up with new or persistent periapical lesions. Thirty-seven (71.2%) patients had complete resolution of apical periodontitis, and the remaining 10 (19.2%) remained asymptomatic and showed radiographic evidence of healing. Oral health-related quality of life scores and chewing ability improved significantly over time (P < .05), with the biggest increase observed within the first week of treatment completion. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that endodontic retreatment using contemporary techniques significantly improved patients' quality of life and chewing ability over time, with a success rate of 90.4% after 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing He
- Department of Endodontics, The Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
| | - Robert K White
- Department of Endodontics, The Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cathy A White
- Department of Endodontics, The Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jordan L Schweitzer
- Department of Endodontics, The Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Endodontics, Center for Advanced Dental Education, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri
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248
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Intentional Replantation Techniques: A Critical Review. J Endod 2018; 44:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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249
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Fan W, Huang Z, Fan B. Effects of prolonged exposure to moderate static magnetic field and its synergistic effects with alkaline pH on Enterococcus faecalis. Microb Pathog 2017; 115:117-122. [PMID: 29241767 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Static magnetic field (SMF) has been shown to biologically affect various microorganisms, but its effects on Enterococcus faecalis, which is associated with multiple dental infections, have not been reported yet. Besides, Enterococcus faecalis was found to be resistant to the alkaline environment provided by a major dental antimicrobial, calcium hydroxide. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of prolonged exposure to moderate SMF (170 mT) and its possible synergistic activity with alkaline pH (pH = 9) were evaluated in the study. The ability to form a biofilm under these conditions was examined by crystal violet assay. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the relative expression of stress (dnaK and groEL) and virulence (efaA, ace, gelE and fsrC) related genes. As the results indicated, cell proliferation was inhibited after 120 h of SMF exposure. What's more, the combined treatment of SMF and alkaline pH showed significantly improved antimicrobial action when compared to single SMF and alkaline pH treatment for more than 24 h and 72 h respectively. However, the ability to form a biofilm was also enhanced under SMF and alkaline pH treatments. SMF can induce stress response by up-regulating the expression of dnaK and elevate virulence gene expression (efaA and ace). These responses were more significant and more genes were up-regulated including groEL, gelE and fsrC when exposed to SMF and alkaline pH simultaneously. Hence, combination of SMF and alkaline pH could be a promising disinfection strategy in dental area and other areas associated with Enterococcus faecalis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Fan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
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Disappearance of Intracanal Medication: A Preliminary Clinical Finding from Retrospective Review of Teeth with Vertical Root Fracture. Eur Endod J 2017; 2:1-6. [PMID: 33403352 PMCID: PMC7757969 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2017.17035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this article was to report the finding of the disappearance of intracanal medication as a supporting evidence of vertical root fracture (VRF) through non-surgical intervention. Methods: A retrospective review of the dental records of patients seen by an endodontist in a private endodontic office from September 2013 to September 2016 was conducted by the same endodontist. Cases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned as the subjects of this study, and data were extracted from their clinical and radiographic records. Patient’s demographic features, pre-operative signs and symptoms, details of rendered clinical procedures, follow-up visits, clinical and radiographic findings were recorded. Seventeen teeth for which non-surgical exploratory re-treatment was initiated were included in this study. Calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication was placed for 2-4 weeks. Obturation of the root canals was performed if the tooth showed improvement of clinical signs and symptoms. If not, a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was proposed to the patient to rule out VRF. Results: After the non-surgical re-treatment was initiated, 13 teeth showed improvement of clinical symptoms and the re-treatment was therefore completed. The remaining 4 teeth presented with unresolved clinical presentations (deep pocket, presence of sinus tract and/or tender to percussion and palpation). Four teeth showed partial disappearance of intracanal medication where VRF was confirmed using CBCT in 3 teeth and with a conventional periapical (PA) radiograph in 1 tooth. Conclusion: The disappearance of intracanal medication during non-surgical intervention was often associated with VRF. Thus, this feature may serve as an aid in diagnosing VRF.
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