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Han S, Li R, Lin J, Hou X, Weng H, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li N, Chai T, Wei L. Galectin-1 induces immune response and antiviral ability in Cherry Valley ducks after duck plague virus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 98:205-213. [PMID: 30986433 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-1, as a typical animal galactose-binding protein, it is found on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Cloning the full-length coding sequence of galectin-1 from the spleens of Cherry Valley ducks revealed that the coding sequence of duck galectin-1 (duGal-1) comprises 405 bp, encoding 134 amino acids. Homologic analysis revealed its amino acid sequence is most identical to that of Anas platyrhynchos (98.8%) followed by Gallus gallus. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that duGal-1 mRNA is broadly expressed in healthy Cherry Valley duck tissues, primarily in the heart and trachea but minimally in the lung and skin. Meanwhile, the duGal-1 expression is slightly upregulated in the infected liver and spleen. Furthermore, the expression levels of ISGs (Mx, PKR, OAS) and some cytokines such as IFN-α, IL-1β, IL-2, are up-regulated to varying degrees after overexpression the duGal-1, In contrast, Knockdown of duGal-1 found that the expression levels of ISGs and some inflammatory cytokines were down-regulated. Antiviral assay showed that duGal-1 could inhibit viral replications early during infection. This is the first study of the cloning, tissue distribution, and antiviral immune responses of duGal-1, and findings imply it is involved in the early stages of antiviral innate immune responses to duck plague virus infections in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an City, 271000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an City, 271000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an City, 271000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaolan Hou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Hongyu Weng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Tongjie Chai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an City, 271000, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Liangmeng Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an City, 271000, Shandong Province, China.
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202
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Adjei-Fremah S, Worku M. Cowpea polyphenol extract regulates galectin gene expression in bovine blood. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:1-12. [PMID: 31424327 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1640234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Galectins (GAL) are animal lectins that play important roles in the immune response through regulation of homeostasis and immune function. Bioactive polyphenols are able to bind and regulate galectins in inflammatory diseases. Cowpea is a nutritious and polyphenol-rich legume used as feed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of cowpea polyphenol extract (CPE) on galectin gene transcription and translation in bovine peripheral blood. Blood from lactating cows (n = 10) were treated with CPE (10 μg/mL) or LPS (0.1 μg/mL), and control, to measure mRNA levels of bovine LGALS1, LGALS3, LGALS9, and some innate immune response genes. Secretion of GAL-1, GAL-3 and GAL-9 in plasma were measured using ELISAs. The mRNA expression of LGALS1, LGALS3 and LGALS9 decreased post CPE exposure. CPE decreased plasma GAL-1, but had no effect on GAL-3 and GAL-9. In addition, CPE decreased expression of TNFA, COX2 and upregulated TLR2, IL10 and IL4. LPS stimulation upregulated galectin genes expression and secretion. Overall, cowpea polyphenols modulated galectin expression, particularly GAL 1 in blood. The results provide a springboard for further studies on the use of polyphenol extracts from cowpea enriched feed supplements to target specific galectin genes for improved health and production in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Adjei-Fremah
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Mulumebet Worku
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
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203
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Mariano DOC, Messias MDG, Spencer PJ, Pimenta DC. Protein identification from the parotoid macrogland secretion of Duttaphrynus melanostictus. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2019; 25:e20190029. [PMID: 31467513 PMCID: PMC6707386 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bufonid parotoid macrogland secretion contains several low molecular mass
molecules, such as alkaloids and steroids. Nevertheless, its protein content
is poorly understood. Herein, we applied a sample preparation methodology
that allows the analysis of viscous matrices in order to examine its
proteins. Methods: Duttaphrynus melanostictus parotoid macrogland secretion
was submitted to ion-exchange batch sample preparation, yielding two
fractions: salt-displaced fraction and acid-displaced fraction. Each sample
was then fractionated by anionic-exchange chromatography, followed by
in-solution proteomic analysis. Results: Forty-two proteins could be identified, such as acyl-CoA-binding protein,
alcohol dehydrogenase, calmodulin, galectin and histone. Moreover,
de novo analyses yielded 153 peptides, whereas BLAST
analyses corroborated some of the proteomic-identified proteins.
Furthermore, the de novo peptide analyses indicate the
presence of proteins related to apoptosis, cellular structure, catalysis and
transport processes. Conclusions: Proper sample preparation allowed the proteomic and de novo
identification of different proteins in the D.
melanostictus parotoid macrogland secretion. These results may
increase the knowledge about the universe of molecules that compose
amphibian skin secretion, as well as to understand their
biological/physiological role in the granular gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrick Jack Spencer
- Biotechnology Center, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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204
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Zhou C, Reesink HL, Putnam DA. Selective and Tunable Galectin Binding of Glycopolymers Synthesized by a Generalizable Conjugation Method. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3704-3712. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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205
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Li L, Zhao K, Gao F, Jiang Y, Shan T, Tong W, Zheng H, Yu L, Li G, Ma Z, Tong G. Restriction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by galectin-1. Vet Microbiol 2019; 235:310-318. [PMID: 31383318 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes great economic losses to the swine industry globally; however, effective control measures for this virus are limited. Here, we screened a porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) cDNA library with a yeast two-hybrid system to reveal that galectin-1 (Gal-1), an endogenous innate immune protein encoded by LGALS1, interacts with nonstructural protein 11 (Nsp11) of PRRSV. Western blotting and viral titer assays indicated that Gal-1 overexpression suppressed replication in multiple PRRSV strains (P < 0.001), whereas Gal-1 knockdown or knockout increased viral titer and nucleocapsid protein expression. The Gal-1-specific anti-PRRSV effect was associated with the endoribonuclease domain of Nsp11 through inactivation of interferon-antagonist function and stimulation of interferon-stimulated gene expression. Additionally, Gal-1 interacted with PRRSV E protein but not with PRRSV glycoproteins, and recombinant Gal-1 treatment inhibited PRRSV in PAMs and MARC-145 cells. Furthermore, Gal-1 inhibited replication in multiple viruses, including equine arteritis virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, pseudorabies virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and classical swine fever virus, suggesting its potential broad application for antiviral strategies. Our findings provide insight into the important role of Gal-1 in PRRSV pathogenesis and its potential use as a novel therapeutic target against PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Kuan Zhao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Fei Gao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Yifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Tongling Shan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Wu Tong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Lingxue Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Guangzhi Tong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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206
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Hirose I, Kanda A, Noda K, Ishida S. Glucocorticoid receptor inhibits Müller glial galectin-1 expression via DUSP1-dependent and -independent deactivation of AP-1 signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6785-6796. [PMID: 31328390 PMCID: PMC6787449 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin‐1/LGALS1 is a hypoxia‐induced angiogenic factor associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Recently, we elucidated a hypoxia‐independent pathway to produce galectin‐1 in Müller glial cells stimulated by interleukin (IL)‐1β. Here we revealed glucocorticoid receptor (GR)‐mediated inhibitory mechanisms for Müller glial galectin‐1/LGALS1 expression. Activator protein (AP)‐1 site in the LGALS1 enhancer region, to which activating transcription factor2, c‐Fos and c‐Jun bind, was shown to be essential for IL‐1β‐induced galectin‐1/LGALS1 expression in Müller cells. Ligand (dexamethasone or triamcinolone acetonide)‐activated GR induced dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP)1 expression via the glucocorticoid response element and attenuated IL‐1β‐induced galectin‐1/LGALS1 expression by reducing phosphorylation of these AP‐1 subunits following AKT and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 deactivation. Moreover, activated GR also caused DUSP1‐independent down‐regulation of IL‐1β‐induced LGALS1 expression via its binding to AP‐1. Administration of glucocorticoids to mice attenuated diabetes‐induced retinal galectin‐1/Lgals1 expression together with AKT/AP‐1 and ERK/AP‐1 pathways. Supporting these in vitro and in vivo findings, immunofluorescence analyses showed co‐localization of galectin‐1 with GR and phosphorylated AP‐1 in DUSP1‐positive glial cells in fibrovascular tissues from patients with DR. Our present data demonstrated the inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids on glial galectin‐1 expression via DUSP1‐dependent and ‐independent deactivation of AP‐1 signalling (transactivation and transrepression), highlighting therapeutic implications for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuyo Hirose
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Kanda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Noda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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207
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Losada-Barragán M, Umaña-Pérez A, Durães J, Cuervo-Escobar S, Rodríguez-Vega A, Ribeiro-Gomes FL, Berbert LR, Morgado F, Porrozzi R, Mendes-da-Cruz DA, Aquino P, Carvalho PC, Savino W, Sánchez-Gómez M, Padrón G, Cuervo P. Thymic Microenvironment Is Modified by Malnutrition and Leishmania infantum Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:252. [PMID: 31355153 PMCID: PMC6639785 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Detrimental effects of malnutrition on immune responses to pathogens have long been recognized and it is considered a main risk factor for various infectious diseases, including visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Thymus is a target of both malnutrition and infection, but its role in the immune response to Leishmania infantum in malnourished individuals is barely studied. Because we previously observed thymic atrophy and significant reduction in cellularity and chemokine levels in malnourished mice infected with L. infantum, we postulated that the thymic microenvironment is severely compromised in those animals. To test this, we analyzed the microarchitecture of the organ and measured the protein abundance in its interstitial space in malnourished BALB/c mice infected or not with L. infantum. Malnourished-infected animals exhibited a significant reduction of the thymic cortex:medulla ratio and altered abundance of proteins secreted in the thymic interstitial fluid. Eighty-one percent of identified proteins are secreted by exosomes and malnourished-infected mice showed significant decrease in exosomal proteins, suggesting that exosomal carrier system, and therefore intrathymic communication, is dysregulated in those animals. Malnourished-infected mice also exhibited a significant increase in the abundance of proteins involved in lipid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle, suggestive of a non-proliferative microenvironment. Accordingly, flow cytometry analysis revealed decreased proliferation of single positive and double positive T cells in those animals. Together, the reduced cortical area, decreased proliferation, and altered protein abundance suggest a dysfunctional thymic microenvironment where T cell migration, proliferation, and maturation are compromised, contributing for the thymic atrophy observed in malnourished animals. All these alterations could affect the control of the local and systemic infection, resulting in an impaired response to L. infantum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Losada-Barragán
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Grupo de Investigación en Biología Celular y Funcional e Ingeniería de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biologia, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Umaña-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jonathan Durães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Cuervo-Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Vega
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Ribeiro-Gomes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Berbert
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Morgado
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Porrozzi
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniella Arêas Mendes-da-Cruz
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo C Carvalho
- Computational Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Myriam Sánchez-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Hormonas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Padrón
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Cuervo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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208
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Pranjol MZI, Zinovkin DA, Maskell ART, Stephens LJ, Achinovich SL, Los' DM, Nadyrov EA, Hannemann M, Gutowski NJ, Whatmore JL. Cathepsin L-induced galectin-1 may act as a proangiogenic factor in the metastasis of high-grade serous carcinoma. J Transl Med 2019; 17:216. [PMID: 31269957 PMCID: PMC6610868 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New treatment options for metastasised high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are urgently needed. HGSC frequently metastasises to the omentum, inducing angiogenesis in the local omental microvasculature to facilitate tumour growth. We previously showed that HGSC-secreted cathepsin L (CathL) induces pro-angiogenic changes in disease relevant human omental microvascular endothelial cells (HOMECs), suggesting a role in tumour angiogenesis. Here we investigate whether CathL acts by inducing local production of the carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-1 (Gal1), which has been reported to be involved in tumourigenesis in other tumours. Methods HOMECs were used for all experiments. Gal1 mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. Gal1-induced cell proliferation was assessed using WST-1 assay, migration using a transwell assay and in vivo Gal1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Results CathL transcriptionally regulated HOMEC production and secretion of Gal1 via activation of NFκB (significantly inhibited by sulfasalazine). Gal1 significantly enhanced HOMEC migration (p < 0.001) and proliferation (p < 0.001), suggesting an autocrine action. The latter was significantly reduced by the MEK/ERK1/2 inhibitors U0126 and PD98059 suggesting downstream activation of this pathway. Immunohistochemical analysis of omenta from HGSC patients with or without metastatic disease demonstrated a positive correlation between Gal1 expression and number of microvessels (r = 0.8702, p < 0.001), and area of vessels (r = 0.7283, p < 0.001), supporting a proangiogenic role for Gal1 in omental metastases. Conclusion HOMEC Gal1 transcription and release in response to CathL secreted from metastasising HGSC acts in an autocrine manner on the local microvasculature to induce pro-angiogenic changes, highlighting a potential new therapeutic target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1963-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahidul I Pranjol
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Dmitry A Zinovkin
- Department of Pathology, Gomel State Medical University, 246000, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Annelie R T Maskell
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Laura J Stephens
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Sergey L Achinovich
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Gomel Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, 246012, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Dmitry M Los'
- Gomel Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, 246012, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Eldar A Nadyrov
- Department of Pathology, Gomel State Medical University, 246000, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Michael Hannemann
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Nicholas J Gutowski
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK.,Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jacqueline L Whatmore
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK.
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209
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Potikha T, Pappo O, Mizrahi L, Olam D, Maller SM, Rabinovich GA, Galun E, Goldenberg DS. Lack of galectin-1 exacerbates chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and carcinogenesis in murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. FASEB J 2019; 33:7995-8007. [PMID: 30897344 PMCID: PMC9292271 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900017r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Chronic liver inflammation (CLI) is a risk factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Galectin-1 (Gal1) is involved in the regulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis, exhibiting multiple anti-inflammatory and protumorigenic activities. We aimed to explore its regulatory role in CLI and HCC progression using an established model of CLI-mediated HCC development, Abcb4 [multidrug-resistance 2 (Mdr2)]-knockout (KO) mice, which express high levels of Gal1 in the liver. We generated double-KO (dKO) Gal1-KO/Mdr2-KO mice on C57BL/6 and FVB/N genetic backgrounds and compared HCC development in the generated strains with their parental Mdr2-KO strains. Loss of Gal1 increased liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and ductular reaction in dKO mice of both strains starting from an early age. Aged dKO mutants displayed earlier hepatocarcinogenesis and increased tumor size compared with control Mdr2-KO mice. We found that osteopontin, a well-known modulator of HCC development, and oncogenic proteins Ntrk2 (TrkB) and S100A4 were overexpressed in dKO compared with Mdr2-KO livers. Our results demonstrate that in Mdr2-KO mice, a model of CLI-mediated HCC, Gal1-mediated protection from hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and HCC initiation dominates over its known procarcinogenic activities at later stages of HCC development. These findings suggest that anti-Gal1 treatments may not be applicable at all stages of CLI-mediated HCC.-Potikha, T., Pappo, O., Mizrahi, L., Olam, D., Maller, S. M., Rabinovich, G. A., Galun, E., Goldenberg, D. S. Lack of galectin-1 exacerbates chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and carcinogenesis in murine hepatocellular carcinoma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Potikha
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene TherapyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Orit Pappo
- Department of PathologyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Lina Mizrahi
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene TherapyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Devorah Olam
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene TherapyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Sebastián M. Maller
- Laboratory of ImmunopathologyInstitute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME)Argentinean National Research Council (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratory of ImmunopathologyInstitute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME)Argentinean National Research Council (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Faculty of Exact and Natural SciencesUniversity of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene TherapyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Daniel S. Goldenberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene TherapyHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
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210
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Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 and Their Potential Binding Partners in the Dermal Thickening of Keloid Tissues. Am J Dermatopathol 2019; 41:193-204. [PMID: 30801341 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Keloids are defined histopathologically as an inflammatory disorder characterized by exhibiting numerous fibroblasts, abnormal vascularization, increased number of proinflammatory immune cells as well as uncontrolled cell proliferation, and exacerbated and disorganized deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Importantly, many of these ECM molecules display N- and O-linked glycan residues and are considered as potential targets for galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). Nevertheless, the presence and localization of Gal-1 and Gal-3 as well as the interactions with some of their binding partners in keloid tissues have not been considered. Here, we show that in the dermal thickening of keloids, versican, syndecan-1, fibronectin, thrombospondin-1, tenascin C, CD44, integrin β1, and N-cadherin were immunolocalized in the elongated fibroblasts that were close to the immune cell infiltrate, attached to collagen bundles, and around the microvasculature and in some immune cells. We also show that Gal-1 and Gal-3 were present in the cytoplasm and along the cell membrane of some fibroblasts and immune and endothelial cells of the dermal thickening. We suggest that Gal-1 and Gal-3, in concert with some of the ECM molecules produced by fibroblasts and by immune cells, counteract the inflammatory response in keloids. We also proposed that Gal-1 and Gal-3 through their binding partners may form a supramolecular structure at the cell surface of fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells, and in the extracellular space that might influence the fibroblast morphology, adhesion, proliferation, migration, and survival as well as the inflammatory responses.
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211
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Langer J, García I, Liz-Marzán LM. Real-time dynamic SERS detection of galectin using glycan-decorated gold nanoparticles. Faraday Discuss 2019; 205:363-375. [PMID: 28880321 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We present the application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for the fast, sensitive and highly specific detection of the galectin-9 (Gal-9) protein in binding buffer (mimicking natural conditions). The method involves the use of specifically designed nanotags comprising glycan-decorated gold nanoparticles encoded with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. At fast time scales Gal-9 can be detected down to a concentration of 1.2 nM by monitoring the SERS signal of the reporter, driven by aggregation of the functionalized Au NPs tags, induced by Gal-9 recognition. We additionally demonstrate that the sensitivity and concentration working range of the sensor can be tuned via control of aggregation dynamics and cluster size distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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212
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Goud NS, Ghouse SM, Vishnu J, Komal D, Talla V, Alvala R, Pranay J, Kumar J, Qureshi IA, Alvala M. Synthesis of 1-benzyl-1H-benzimidazoles as galectin-1 mediated anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103016. [PMID: 31185390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In our pursuit to develop novel non-carbohydrate small molecule Galectin-1 Inhibitors, we have designed a series of 1-benzyl-1H-benzimidazole derivatives and demonstrated their anticancer activity. The compound 6g, 4-(1-benzyl-5-chloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) benzamide was found to be most potent with an IC50 of 7.01 ± 0.20 µM and arresting MCF-7 cell growth at G2/M phase and S phase. Induction of apoptosis was confirmed by morphological changes like cell shrinkage, blebbing and cell wall deformation, dose dependent increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ROS levels. Further, dose dependent decrease in Gal-1 protein levels proves Gal-1 mediated apoptosis by 6g. Molecular docking studies were performed to understand the Gal-1 interaction with compound 6g. In addition, RP-HPLC studies showed 85.44% of 6g binding to Gal-1. Binding affinity studies by fluorescence spectroscopy and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) showed that 6g binds to Gal-1 with binding constant (Ka) of 1.2 × 104 M-1 and equilibrium constant KD value of 5.76 × 10-4 M respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerella Sridhar Goud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - S Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Jatoth Vishnu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - D Komal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Venu Talla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Ravi Alvala
- G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad 500 028, India
| | - Jakkula Pranay
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Janish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Insaf A Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
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213
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Anti-inflammatory Property of Galectin-1 in a Murine Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:9705327. [PMID: 31214624 PMCID: PMC6535876 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9705327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) has immunomodulatory activities in various allergic inflammatory disorders, but its potential anti-inflammatory properties on allergic airway diseases have not been confirmed. We explored the pharmacological effects of Gal-1 on the progression of allergic airway inflammation and investigated the underlying mechanism. Female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized on day 0 and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 14-17 to establish an allergic airway inflammation model. In the challenge phase, a subset of mice was treated intraperitoneally with recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) or dexamethasone (Dex). We found that rGal-1 inhibited pulmonary inflammatory cell recruitment, mucus secretion, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokine production. The treatment also suppressed the infiltration of eosinophils into the allergic lung as indicated by decreased expression levels of eotaxin and eosinophil peroxidase (EPX). However, only the expression levels of IL-25, neither IL-33 nor TSLP, were significantly decreased in the lung by rGal-1 treatment. These immunomodulatory effects in the allergic lung were correlated with the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and downregulation of endogenous Gal-1. In addition, rGal-1 reduced the plasma concentrations of anti-OVA immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IL-17. Our findings suggest that rGal-1 is an effective therapy for allergic airway inflammation in a murine model and may be a potential pharmacological target for allergic airway inflammatory diseases.
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214
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Abel WF, Funk CR, Blenda AV. Galectins in the Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Accidents: An Overview. J Exp Neurosci 2019; 13:1179069519836794. [PMID: 31007530 PMCID: PMC6458655 DOI: 10.1177/1179069519836794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to limitations of neuroimaging, such as the isodense appearance of blood to neuronal tissue in subacute hemorrhagic stroke, a body of studies have been performed to evaluate candidate biomarkers which may aid in accurate determination of cerebrovascular accident type. Beyond aiding in the delineation of stroke cause, biomarkers could also confer useful prognostic information to help clinicians plan use of resources. One of the candidate biomarkers studied for detection of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) includes a class of proteins called galectins. Galectins bind β-galactoside through a highly conserved carbohydrate recognition domain, endowing an ability to interact with carbohydrate moieties on glycoproteins, some of which are relevant to CVA response. Furthermore, galectins-1, -2, -3, -9, and -12 are expressed in tissues relevant to CVA, and some exhibit characteristics (eg, extracellular secretion) that could render feasible their detection in serum. Galectins-1 and -3 appear to have the largest amounts of preclinical evidence, consistently demonstrating increased activity and expression levels during CVA. However, a lack of standardization of biochemical assays across cohort studies limits further translation of these basic science studies. This review aims to increase awareness of the biochemical roles of galectins in CVA, while also highlighting challenges and remaining questions preventing the translation of basic science observations into a clinically useful test.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Abel
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA
| | | | - Anna V Blenda
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA
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215
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Tobola F, Sylvander E, Gafko C, Wiltschi B. 'Clickable lectins': bioorthogonal reactive handles facilitate the directed conjugation of lectins in a modular fashion. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20180072. [PMID: 30842873 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with specificity for their target ligands. They play diverse roles in cellular recognition and signalling processes, as well as in infections and cancer metastasis. Owing to their specificity, lectins find application in biotechnology and medicine, e.g. for blood group typing, purification of glycoproteins or lipids and as markers that target cancer cells. For some applications, lectins are immobilized on a solid support, or they are conjugated with other molecules. Classical protein conjugation reactions at nucleophilic amino acids such as cysteine or lysine are often non-selective, and the site of conjugation is difficult to pre-define. Random conjugation, however, can interfere with protein function. Therefore, we sought to equip lectins with a unique reactive handle, which can be conjugated with other molecules in a pre-defined manner. We site-specifically introduced non-canonical amino acids carrying bioorthogonal reactive groups into several lectins. As a proof of principle, we conjugated these 'clickable lectins' with small molecules. Furthermore, we conjugated lectins with different ligand specificities with one another to produce superlectins. The 'clickable lectins' might be useful for any process where lectins shall be conjugated with another module in a selective, pre-defined and site-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Tobola
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elise Sylvander
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Gafko
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Wiltschi
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
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216
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Niu J, Huang Y, Niu J, Wang Z, Tang J, Wang B, Lu Y, Cai J, Jian J. Characterization of Galectin-2 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) involved in the immune response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:737-743. [PMID: 30779996 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
galectin-2 plays important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, galectin-2 (OnGal-2) was identified from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Its tissue distribution and expression patterns following bacterial infection were also investigated. OnGal-2 is widely distributed in various tissues of healthy tilapia. After Streptococcus agalactiae challenge, OnGal-2 expressions were significantly up-regulated in all tested tissues. Meanwhile, the recombinant OnGal-2 (rOnGal-2) protein showed strong agglutinating activities against both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, rOnGal-2 could promote phagocytosis of macrophages. Taken together, the present study indicated that OnGal-2 might play roles in the immune responses of Nile tilapia against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Niu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jimin Niu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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217
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Ramírez E, Sánchez-Maldonado C, Mayoral MA, Mendieta L, Alatriste V, Patricio-Martínez A, Limón ID. Neuroinflammation induced by the peptide amyloid-β (25-35) increase the presence of galectin-3 in astrocytes and microglia and impairs spatial memory. Neuropeptides 2019; 74:11-23. [PMID: 30795916 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are animal lectins that bind to β-galactosides, such as lactose and N-acetyllactosamine, contained in glycoproteins or glycolipids. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) are involved in pathologies associated with the inflammatory process, cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that the administration of Amyloid-β 25-35 (Aβ25-35) into the hippocampus of rats increases the inflammatory response that is associated with memory impairment and neurodegeneration. Galectins could participate in the modulation of the neuroinflammation induced by the Aβ25-35. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Gal-1 and Gal-3 in the neuroinflammation induced by administration of Aβ25-35 into the hippocampus and to examine spatial memory in the Morris water maze. After the administration of Aβ25-35, animals were tested for learning and spatial memory in the Morris water maze. Behavioral performance showed that Aβ25-35 didn't affect spatial learning but did impair memory, with animals taking longer to find the platform. On the day 32, hippocampus was examined for astrocytes (GFAP), microglia (Iba1), Gal-1 and Gal-3 via immunohistochemical analysis, and the cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ by ELISA. This study's results showed a significant increase in the expression of Gal-3 in the microglia and astrocytes, while Gal-1 didn't increase in the dorsal hippocampus. The expression of galectins is associated with increased cytokines in the hippocampal formation of Aβ25-35 treated rats. These findings suggest that Gal-3 could participate in the inflammation induced by administration of Aβ25-35 and could be involved in the neurodegeneration progress and memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleazar Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, 105 C-FCQ BUAP, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | - Liliana Mendieta
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, 105 C-FCQ BUAP, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Aleidy Patricio-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, 105 C-FCQ BUAP, Puebla, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, BUAP, Puebla, Mexico
| | - I Daniel Limón
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, 105 C-FCQ BUAP, Puebla, Mexico.
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218
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Bai Y, Niu D, Li Y, Bai Y, Lan T, Peng M, Dong Z, Sun F, Li J. Identification and characterisation of a novel small galectin in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) with multiple innate immune functions. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:11-17. [PMID: 30389517 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are lectins possessing an evolutionarily conserved carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with affinity for β-galactoside. The key role played by innate immunity in invertebrates has recently become apparent. Herein, a full-length galectin (ScGal) was identified in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta). The 528 bp open reading frame encodes a polypeptide of 176 amino acids with a single CRD and no signal peptide. ScGal mRNA transcripts were mainly expressed in hemolymph and gill, and were significantly up-regulated following bacterial challenge. Recombinant rScGal protein binds to and aggregates various bacteria, and has affinity for peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid and d-galactose. The protein also stimulates hemocytes to phagocytose invading bacterial pathogens. ScGal is an important immune factor in innate immunity, and a small protein with multiple important functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yulin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Tianyi Lan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Maoxiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Fanyue Sun
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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219
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Burlina S, Banfi C, Brioschi M, Visentin S, Dalfrà MG, Traldi P, Lapolla A. Is the placental proteome impaired in well-controlled gestational diabetes? JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:359-365. [PMID: 30675960 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the human placenta shows several pathological functional and structural changes, but the extent to which maternal glycemic control contributes to placental abnormalities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to profile and compare the proteome of placentas from healthy pregnant women and those with GDM, to investigate the placenta-specific protein composition and possible changes of its function in presence of GDM. Quantitative proteomic analysis, based on LC-MSE approach, revealed that higher (approximately 15% increase) levels of galectin 1 and collagen alpha-1 XIV chain (although the difference regarding the latter was at the limit of significance) were present in GDM samples, while heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A/1B was less abundant in GDM placental tissue. These data seem to indicate that GDM, when well controlled, did not markedly affect the placental proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Burlina
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Visentin
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Traldi
- Istituto di Ricerche Pediatriche Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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220
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Ghosh A, Banerjee A, Amzel LM, Vasta GR, Bianchet MA. Structure of the zebrafish galectin-1-L2 and model of its interaction with the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) envelope glycoprotein. Glycobiology 2019; 29:419-430. [PMID: 30834446 PMCID: PMC6476415 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins, highly conserved β-galactoside-binding lectins, have diverse regulatory roles in development and immune homeostasis and can mediate protective functions during microbial infection. In recent years, the role of galectins in viral infection has generated considerable interest. Studies on highly pathogenic viruses have provided invaluable insight into the participation of galectins in various stages of viral infection, including attachment and entry. Detailed mechanistic and structural aspects of these processes remain undetermined. To address some of these gaps in knowledge, we used Zebrafish as a model system to examine the role of galectins in infection by infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a rhabdovirus that is responsible for significant losses in both farmed and wild salmonid fish. Like other rhabdoviruses, IHNV is characterized by an envelope consisting of trimers of a glycoprotein that display multiple N-linked oligosaccharides and play an integral role in viral infection by mediating the virus attachment and fusion. Zebrafish's proto-typical galectin Drgal1-L2 and the chimeric-type galectin Drgal3-L1 interact directly with the glycosylated envelope of IHNV, and significantly reduce viral attachment. In this study, we report the structure of the complex of Drgal1-L2 with N-acetyl-d-lactosamine at 2.0 Å resolution. To gain structural insight into the inhibitory effect of these galectins on IHNV attachment to the zebrafish epithelial cells, we modeled Drgal3-L1 based on human galectin-3, as well as, the ectodomain of the IHNV glycoprotein. These models suggest mechanisms for which the binding of these galectins to the IHNV glycoprotein hinders with different potencies the viral attachment required for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Current address: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W408C, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, Baltimore, MD, USA,Current address: Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Mario Amzel
- Structural Enzymology and Thermodynamics Group of the Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerardo R Vasta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mario A Bianchet
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Structural Enzymology and Thermodynamics Group of the Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel: +1-410-614-8221; e-mail:
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221
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Loss of Stromal Galectin-1 Enhances Multiple Myeloma Development: Emphasis on a Role in Osteoclasts. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020261. [PMID: 30813402 PMCID: PMC6406775 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma osteolytic disease is caused by an uncoupled bone-remodelling process with an increased osteoclast activity. Disease development relies on interactions between myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Recent findings suggest a role for glycan-binding proteins in myeloma microenvironment. Here, we investigated lectins involved in osteoclastogenesis and their role in myeloma bone disease. Microarray data analysis showed a lower expression of galectin-1 (gal-1) in mature osteoclasts compared to monocytic progenitor cells, confirmed at the RNA and protein levels in osteoclast cultures. Confocal microscopy showed that gal-1 localised predominantly in the sealing zone of mature osteoclasts. Although equal differentiated-osteoclast numbers, gal-1−/− osteoclasts showed a higher resorption activity compared to wild-type controls. Micro-computed tomography showed an aberrant bone phenotype with decreased bone densities in gal-1−/− mice. In vivo, tumour progression was faster in gal-1−/− mice and associated with a marked bone loss. Additionally, myeloma cells were found to decrease gal-1 expression in osteoclasts. Our results demonstrate that galectin-1 regulates osteoclast activity with an increased resorption by gal-1−/− osteoclasts and decreased bone densities in gal-1−/− mice. We observed an enhanced tumour development in gal-1−/− mice compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that galectin-1 has a functional role in stromal cells in myeloma microenvironment.
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Kumar P, Becker JC, Gao K, Carney RP, Lankford L, Keller BA, Herout K, Lam KS, Farmer DL, Wang A. Neuroprotective effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: role of exosomes. FASEB J 2019; 33:5836-5849. [PMID: 30753093 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800972r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have established early-gestation chorionic villus-derived placenta mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) as a potential treatment for spina bifida (SB), a neural tube defect. Our preclinical studies demonstrated that PMSCs have the potential to cure hind limb paralysis in the fetal lamb model of SB via a paracrine mechanism. PMSCs exhibit neuroprotective function by increasing cell number and neurites, as shown by indirect coculture and direct addition of PMSC-conditioned medium to the staurosporine-induced apoptotic human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y. PMSC-conditioned medium suppressed caspase activity in apoptotic SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that PMSC secretome contributes to neuronal survival after injury. As a part of PMSC secretome, PMSC exosomes were isolated and extensively characterized; their addition to apoptotic SH-SY5Y cells mediated an increase in neurites, suggesting that they exhibit neuroprotective function. Proteomic and RNA sequencing analysis revealed that PMSC exosomes contain several proteins and RNAs involved in neuronal survival and development. Galectin 1 was highly expressed on the surface of PMSCs and PMSC exosomes. Preincubation of exosomes with anti-galectin 1 antibody decreased their neuroprotective effect, suggesting that PMSC exosomes likely impart their effect via binding of galectin 1 to cells. Future studies will include in-depth analyses of the role of PMSC exosomes on neuroprotection and their clinical applications.-Kumar, P., Becker, J. C., Gao, K., Carney, R. P., Lankford, L., Keller, B. A., Herout, K., Lam, K. S., Farmer, D. L., Wang, A. Neuroprotective effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: role of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarsini Kumar
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - James C Becker
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Kewa Gao
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Randy P Carney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lee Lankford
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Benjamin A Keller
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Kyle Herout
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Diana L Farmer
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, California, USA
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Bezerra MJB, Arruda-Alencar JM, Martins JAM, Viana AGA, Viana Neto AM, Rêgo JPA, Oliveira RV, Lobo M, Moreira ACO, Moreira RA, Moura AA. Major seminal plasma proteome of rabbits and associations with sperm quality. Theriogenology 2019; 128:156-166. [PMID: 30772659 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to describe the major seminal plasma proteome of rabbits and potential associations between seminal proteins and semen criteria. Semen samples were collected from 18 New Zealand adult rabbits, and seminal plasma proteins were analyzed by 2-D SDS-PAGE and tandem mass spectrometry. Sperm motility, vigor, concentration, morphology and membrane sperm viability were evaluated. Rabbits ejaculated 364 ± 70 million sperm/ml, with 81 ± 6.1% motile cells, 3.8 ± 0.2 vigor and 66.7 ± 2.5% sperm with normal morphology. Based on the viability and acrosome integrity assay, there were 65.8 ± 2.5% live sperm with intact acrosome and most spermatozoa had both intact acrosome and functional membrane. On average, 2-D gels of rabbit seminal plasma had 232 ± 69.5 spots, as determined by PDQuest software (Bio Rad, USA). Mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 137 different proteins. The most abundant proteins in rabbit seminal plasma were hemoglobin subunit zeta-like, annexins, lipocalin, FAM115 protein and albumin. The intensity of the spots associated with these five proteins represented 71.5% of the intensity of all spots detected in the master gel. Multiple regression models were estimated using sperm traits as dependent variables and seminal plasma proteins as independent ones. Also, sperm motility had positive association with beta-nerve growth factor and cysteine-rich secretory protein 1-like and a negative one with galectin-1. The percentage of rabbit sperm with intact membrane was related to seminal plasma protein FAM115 complex and tropomyosin. Then, the population of morphologically normal sperm in rabbit semen was positively linked to carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6-like and down regulated by seminal plasma isocitrate dehydrogenase. Based on another regression model, the variation in the percentage of live sperm with intact acrosome was partially explained by the amount of leukocyte elastase inhibitor and the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A in the rabbit seminal fluid. The current study reports the identification of 137 proteins of rabbit seminal plasma. Major proteins of seminal secretion relate primarily to prevention of damages caused by lipid peroxide radicals and oxidative stress, membrane functionality, transport of lipids to the sperm membrane and temperature regulation. Moreover, finding seminal plasma proteins as indicators of semen parameters will improve assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J B Bezerra
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - J M Arruda-Alencar
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - J A M Martins
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A G A Viana
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A M Viana Neto
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - J P A Rêgo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R V Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - M Lobo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A C O Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R A Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A A Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Wuebbles RD, Cruz V, Van Ry P, Barraza-Flores P, Brewer PD, Jones P, Burkin DJ. Human Galectin-1 Improves Sarcolemma Stability and Muscle Vascularization in the mdx Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 13:145-153. [PMID: 30788383 PMCID: PMC6369265 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene that result in the complete absence of dystrophin protein. We have shown previously that recombinant mouse Galectin-1 treatment improves physiological and histological outcome measures in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Because recombinant human Galectin-1 (rHsGal1) will be used to treat DMD patients, we performed a dose-ranging study and intraperitoneal or intravenous delivery to determine the efficacy of rHsGal1 to improve preclinical outcome measures in mdx mice. Our studies showed that the optimal dose of rHsGal1 delivered intraperitoneally was 20 mg/kg and that this treatment improved muscle strength, sarcolemma stability, and capillary density in skeletal muscle. We next examined the efficacy of intravenous delivery and found that a dose of 2.5 mg/kg rHsGal1 was well tolerated and improved outcome measures in the mdx mouse model. Our studies identified that intravenous doses of rHsGal1 exceeding 2.5 mg/kg resulted in toxicity, indicating that dosing using this delivery mechanism will need to be carefully monitored. Our results support the idea that rHsGal1 treatment can improve outcome measures in the mdx mouse model and support further development as a potential therapeutic agent for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Wuebbles
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.,StrykaGen Corporation, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Pam Van Ry
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.,StrykaGen Corporation, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Pamela Barraza-Flores
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Peter Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Dean J Burkin
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.,StrykaGen Corporation, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Galectin-1 attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through splice-variant specific modulation of CaV1.2 calcium channel. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:218-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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226
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McCormick SPA, Schneider WJ. Lipoprotein(a) catabolism: a case of multiple receptors. Pathology 2018; 51:155-164. [PMID: 30595508 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing plasma lipoprotein similar in structure to low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Lp(a) is more complex than LDL due to the presence of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], a large glycoprotein sharing extensive homology with plasminogen, which confers some unique properties onto Lp(a) particles. ApoB and apo(a) are essential for the assembly and catabolism of Lp(a); however, other proteins associated with the particle may modify its metabolism. Lp(a) specifically carries a cargo of oxidised phospholipids (OxPL) bound to apo(a) which stimulates many proinflammatory pathways in cells of the arterial wall, a key property underlying its pathogenicity and association with cardiovascular disease (CVD). While the liver and kidney are the major tissues implicated in Lp(a) clearance, the pathways for Lp(a) uptake appear to be complex and are still under investigation. Biochemical studies have revealed an exceptional array of receptors that associate with Lp(a) either via its apoB, apo(a), or OxPL components. These receptors fall into five main categories, namely 'classical' lipoprotein receptors, toll-like and scavenger receptors, lectins, and plasminogen receptors. The roles of these receptors have largely been dissected by genetic manipulation in cells or mice, although their relative physiological importance for removal of Lp(a) from the circulation remains unclear. The LPA gene encoding apo(a) has an overwhelming effect on Lp(a) levels which precludes any clear associations between potential Lp(a) receptor genes and Lp(a) levels in population studies. Targeted approaches and the selection of unique Lp(a) phenotypes within populations has nevertheless allowed for some associations to be made. Few of the proposed Lp(a) receptors can specifically be manipulated with current drugs and, as such, it is not currently clear whether any of these receptors could provide relevant targets for therapeutic manipulation of Lp(a) levels. This review summarises the current status of knowledge about receptor-mediated pathways for Lp(a) catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally P A McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Wolfgang J Schneider
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Olejnik A, Franczak A, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Kałużna-Oleksy M, Bil-Lula I. The Biological Role of Klotho Protein in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5171945. [PMID: 30671457 PMCID: PMC6323445 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5171945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Klotho is a membrane-bound or soluble antiaging protein, whose protective activity is essential for a proper function of many organs. In 1997, an accidental insertion of a transgene led to creation of transgenic mice with several age-related disorders. In Klotho-deficient mice, the inherited phenotypes closely resemble human aging, while in an animal model of Klotho overexpression, the lifespan is extended. Klotho protein is detected mainly in the kidneys and brain. It is a coreceptor for fibroblast growth factor and hence is involved in maintaining endocrine system homeostasis. Furthermore, an inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway by Klotho regulates oxidative stress and reduces cell death. The association between serum Klotho and the classic risk factors, as well as the clinical history of cardiovascular disease, was also shown. There are a lot of evidences that Klotho deficiency correlates with the occurrence and development of coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Therefore, an involvement of Klotho in the signaling pathways and in regulation of a proper cell metabolism could be a crucial factor in the cardiac and vascular protection. It is also well established that Klotho protein enhances the antioxidative response via augmented production of superoxide dismutase and reduced generation of reactive oxygen species. Recent studies have proven an expression of Klotho in cardiomyocytes and its increased expression in stress-related heart injury. Thus, the antioxidative and antiapoptotic activity of Klotho could be considered as the novel protective factor in cardiovascular disease and heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Olejnik
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Franczak
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kałużna-Oleksy
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lord's Transfiguration, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Chetry M, Thapa S, Hu X, Song Y, Zhang J, Zhu H, Zhu X. The Role of Galectins in Tumor Progression, Treatment and Prognosis of Gynecological Cancers. J Cancer 2018; 9:4742-4755. [PMID: 30588260 PMCID: PMC6299382 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are the member of soluble proteins that bind with β-galactoside containing glycans. These proteins have been considered to be associated in various important events such as different types of cancers. It has been found that galectins could contribute to neoplastic transformation or regulate cell growth, cell apoptosis, and immune cells, causing tumor invasion, progression, metastasis and angiogenesis. Somehow, galectins are also found to exert a protective effect on cancer in a tissue-dependent way. These glycans binding proteins have been shown to be involved in the regulation of different tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes with their possible roles in human cancers. Objective of the current review is to summarize the role of galectin-1, -3 -7, and -9 in tumorigenesis of gynecological cancers. Galectin protein may be a potential therapeutic target in gynecological malignancies due to reported radio- and chemo- sensitivities, immunotherapeutic, anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activities. This review considers the evidence for the future research that how galectins may be important in the progression and treatment of gynecological cancers along with its potent use as a novel prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandika Chetry
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Saroj Thapa
- MD, Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yizuo Song
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou 325027, China
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Marques TM, van Rumund A, Bruinsma IB, Wessels HJCT, Gloerich J, Esselink RAJ, Bloem BR, Kuiperij HB, Verbeek MM. Cerebrospinal Fluid Galectin-1 Levels Discriminate Patients with Parkinsonism from Controls. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:5067-5074. [PMID: 30465235 PMCID: PMC6647396 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly people. Currently, the diagnosis of PD is based on neurological examination, neuroimaging, and the response to dopaminergic medication. The diagnosis can be challenging, especially at early disease stages, when the symptoms of patients with atypical parkinsonism (APD) may strongly overlap. Therefore, reliable biomarkers that are able to identify patients with PD are much needed. Here, we aimed to identify and validate new biomarkers for PD in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We performed a profiling experiment using mass spectrometry (MS) of CSF from ten PD patients and ten matched non-neurological controls. We selected one protein, galectin-1 (Gal-1), which was differentially expressed in PD vs. controls, and quantified its concentrations in CSF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in three new cohorts of 37 PD patients, 21 APD patients, and 44 controls. CSF levels of Gal-1 were lower in PD in both the discovery and validation experiments and discriminated PD from controls with moderate–high accuracy levels (ELISA: area under the curve = 0.7). Similar levels of Gal-1 were found in PD and APD. Gal-1 levels were correlated to age in all groups and correlated in the PD patients to CSF levels of total tau, phosphorylated tau, neurofilament light chain (NFL), and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score. We conclude that MS profiling of proteins may be a useful tool to identify novel biomarkers of neurological diseases and that CSF Gal-1 levels may discriminate PD from non-neurological controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá M Marques
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Parkinson Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouke van Rumund
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Parkinson Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona B Bruinsma
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J C T Wessels
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolein Gloerich
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne A J Esselink
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Parkinson Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Parkinson Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Bea Kuiperij
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Parkinson Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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A Brief History of Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein/Galectin-10 Research. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112931. [PMID: 30424011 PMCID: PMC6278384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are present in tissues, such as the respiratory tract, spleen, lymph nodes and blood vessels. The significant presence of eosinophils in these tissues are associated with various diseases, including asthma, allergies, acute myeloid leukemia, etc. Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10 is overexpressed in eosinophils and has also been identified in basophils and macrophages. In human body, this protein could spontaneously form Charcot-Leyden crystal in lymphocytes or in the lysates of lymphocytes. At present, the role of Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10 in lymphocytes is not fully understood. This review summarizes research progress on Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10, with emphasis on its history, cellular distributions, relations to diseases, structures and ligand binding specificity.
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231
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Özbek M, Hitit M, Yıldırım N, Özgenç Ö, Ergün E, Ergün L, Beyaz F, Kurtdede N, Altunay H. Expression pattern of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in rat testes and epididymis during postnatal development. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:814-827. [PMID: 30241677 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of lectins-binding beta-galactosides involved in a variety of extracellular and intracellular processes, thereby contributing to homeostasis, cell adhesion, cellular turnover, and immunity. This study aimed to determine the localization and expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) in the testis and epididymis of rats at postnatal [(prepubertal (day 5), pubertal (day 20), postpubertal (day 50) and mature (day 70)] periods by using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Gal-1 and Gal-3 were differentially expressed in different types of cells in the testis and epididymis during postnatal development. While we detected Gal-1 expression in some spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells in the testis, not in the epididymal epithelium, Gal-3 was expressed in Sertoli cells, peritubular myoid cells, Leydig cells, smooth muscles and interstitial CD68-positive macrophages. Epithelial cells of the corpus and cauda epididymis showed an intense Gal-3 expression. Gal-1 expression was higher in the testis than in the epididymis on days 50 and 70. The expression of Gal-3 in the testis increased from the prepubertal to mature period. While the expression difference of Gal-3 was not statistically significant in the testis and epididymis until puberty, Gal-3 expression in the postpubertal and mature periods was higher in the epididymis. The expression of Gal-3 in the corpus and cauda epididymis was higher than that in the caput epididymis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that puberty has potential regulatory effect on the expression of galectins in testis and epididymis of rats. Gal-1 and 3 may play a role in the development of the reproductive system and the preservation of the immune-privileged environment in the testis, due to their pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic functions. The presence of intense expression of Gal-3 in the corpus and cauda epididymis may contribute to the maturation and storage of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Hitit
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Nuh Yıldırım
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Özgenç
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emel Ergün
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Ergün
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feyzullah Beyaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nevin Kurtdede
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Altunay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bousseau S, Vergori L, Soleti R, Lenaers G, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Glycosylation as new pharmacological strategies for diseases associated with excessive angiogenesis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:92-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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233
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Wu D, Kanda A, Liu Y, Kase S, Noda K, Ishida S. Galectin-1 promotes choroidal neovascularization and subretinal fibrosis mediated via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. FASEB J 2018; 33:2498-2513. [PMID: 30277820 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801227r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
VEGFA and TGF-β are known major angiogenic and fibrogenic factors. Galectin-1, encoded by lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble ( LGALS) 1, has attracted growing attention for its facilitatory role in angiogenesis and fibrosis through its modification of VEGFA and TGF-β receptor signaling pathways. We reveal galectin-1 involvement in the mouse model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and subretinal fibrosis, both of which represent the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Neither deletion nor overexpression of Lgals1 affected physiologic retinal development or visual function. Galectin-1/ Lgals1 was upregulated by CNV induction, whereas deletion of Lgals1 suppressed CNV together with downstream molecules of VEGF receptor (VEGFR)2. Loss of Lgals1 also attenuated subretinal fibrosis, expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers including Snai1, and phosphorylation of SMAD family member 2. Supporting these in vivo findings, silencing of LGALS1 in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT-related molecules and cell motilities. Conversely, overexpression of Lgals1 enhanced CNV and subretinal fibrosis. Specimens from patients with AMD demonstrated colocalization of galectin-1 with VEGFR2 in neovascular endothelial cells and with phosphorylated SMAD2 in RPE cells. These results suggested a biologic significance of galectin-1 as a key promotor for both angiogenesis and fibrosis in eyes with AMD.-Wu, D., Kanda, A., Liu, Y., Kase, S., Noda, K., Ishida, S. Galectin-1 promotes choroidal neovascularization and subretinal fibrosis mediated via epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Kanda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ye Liu
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kase
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Noda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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234
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The subcommissural organ and the Reissner fiber: old friends revisited. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:507-529. [PMID: 30259139 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The subcommissural organ (SCO) is an ancient and conserved brain gland secreting into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glycoproteins that form the Reissner fiber (RF). The present investigation was designed to further investigate the dynamic of the biosynthetic process of RF glycoproteins prior and after their release into the CSF, to identify the RF proteome and N-glycome and to clarify the mechanism of assembly of RF glycoproteins. Various methodological approaches were used: biosynthetic labelling injecting 35S-cysteine and 3H-galactose into the CSF, injection of antibodies against galectin-1 into the cerebrospinal fluid, light and electron microscopical methods; isolated bovine RF was used for proteome analyses by mass spectrometry and glycome analysis by xCGE-LIF. The biosynthetic labelling study further supported that a small pool of SCO-spondin molecules rapidly enter the secretory pathways after its synthesis, while most of the SCO-spondin molecules are stored in the rough endoplasmic reticulum for hours or days before entering the secretory pathway and being released to assemble into RF. The proteomic analysis of RF revealed clusterin and galectin-1 as partners of SCO-spondin; the in vivo use of anti-galectin-1 showed that this lectin is essential for the assembly of RF. Galectin-1 is not secreted by the SCO but evidence was obtained that it would be secreted by multiciliated ependymal cells lying close to the SCO. Further, a surprising variety and complexity of glycan structures were identified in the RF N-glycome that further expands the potential functions of RF to a level not previously envisaged. A model of the macromolecular organization of Reissner fiber is proposed.
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Ruvolo PP. Galectins as regulators of cell survival in the leukemia niche. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 71:41-54. [PMID: 30245264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment within the bone marrow (BM) contains support cells that promote leukemia cell survival and suppress host anti-tumor defenses. Galectins are a family of beta-galactoside binding proteins that are critical components in the tumor microenvironment. Galectin 1 (LGALS1) and Galectin 3 (LGALS3) as regulators of RAS signaling intracellularly and as inhibitors of immune cells extracellularly are perhaps the best studied members for their role in leukemia biology. Interest in Galectin 9 (LGALS9) is growing as this galectin has been identified as an immune checkpoint molecule. LGALS9 also supports leukemia stem cells (LSCs) though a mechanism of action is not clear. LGALS1 and LGALS3 each participate in a diverse number of survival pathways that promote drug resistance by supporting pro-tumor molecules such BCL2, MCL-1, and MYC and blocking tumor suppressors like p53. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have protein signatures that differ from healthy donor MSC. Elevated LGALS3 protein in AML MSC is associated with refractory disease/relapse demonstrating that MSC derived galectin impacts patient survival. LGALS3 is a critical determining factor whether MSC differentiate into adipocytes or osteoblasts so the galectin influences the cellular composition of the leukemia niche. Both LGALS3 and LGALS1 when secreted can suppress immune function. Both galectins can induce apoptosis of T cells. LGALS3 also modulates T cell receptor endocytosis and impairs interferon mediated chemokine production by binding glycosylated interferon. LGALS3 as a TIM3 binding partner acts to suppress T cell function. Galectins also impact leukemia cell mobilization and may participate in homing mechanisms. LGALS3 participates in transport mechanism of integrins, receptors, and other molecules that control cell adhesion and cell:cell interactions. The diversity of these various functions demonstrate the importance of these galectins in the leukemia niche. This review will cover the role of LGALS1, LGALS3, and LGALS9 in the various processes that are critical for maintaining leukemia cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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236
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A tension-mediated glycocalyx-integrin feedback loop promotes mesenchymal-like glioblastoma. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:1203-1214. [PMID: 30202050 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBMs) are recurrent lethal brain tumours. Recurrent GBMs often exhibit mesenchymal, stem-like phenotypes that could explain their resistance to therapy. Analyses revealed that recurrent GBMs have increased tension and express high levels of glycoproteins that increase the bulkiness of the glycocalyx. Studies showed that a bulky glycocalyx potentiates integrin mechanosignalling and tissue tension and promotes a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype in GBMs. Gain- and loss-of-function studies implicated integrin mechanosignalling as an inducer of GBM growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance, and a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype. Mesenchymal-like GBMs were highly contractile and expressed elevated levels of glycoproteins that expanded their glycocalyx, and they were surrounded by a stiff extracellular matrix that potentiated integrin mechanosignalling. Our findings suggest that there is a dynamic and reciprocal link between integrin mechanosignalling and a bulky glycocalyx, implying a causal link towards a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype in GBMs. Strategies to ameliorate GBM tissue tension offer a therapeutic approach to reduce mortality due to GBM.
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237
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Eastlake K, Heywood WE, Banerjee P, Bliss E, Mills K, Khaw PT, Charteris D, Limb GA. Comparative proteomic analysis of normal and gliotic PVR retina and contribution of Müller glia to this profile. Exp Eye Res 2018; 177:197-207. [PMID: 30176221 PMCID: PMC6280037 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Müller glia are responsible for the neural retina regeneration observed in fish and amphibians throughout life. Despite the presence of these cells in the adult human retina, there is no evidence of regeneration occurring in humans following disease or injury. It may be possible that factors present in the degenerated retina could prevent human Müller glia from proliferating and neurally differentiating within the diseased retina. On this basis, investigations into the proteomic profile of these cells and the abundance of key proteins associated to Müller glia in the gliotic PVR retina, may assist in the identification of factors with the potential to control Müller proliferation and neural differentiation in vivo. Label free mass spectrometry identified 1527 proteins in Müller glial cell preparations, 1631 proteins in normal retina and 1074 in gliotic PVR retina. Compared to normal retina, 28 proteins were upregulated and 196 proteins downregulated by 2-fold or more in the gliotic PVR retina. As determined by comparative proteomic analyses, of the proteins highly upregulated in the gliotic PVR retina, the most highly abundant proteins in Müller cell lysates included vimentin, GFAP, polyubiquitin and HSP90a. The observations that proteins highly upregulated in the gliotic retina constitute major proteins expressed by Müller glia provide the basis for further studies into mechanisms that regulate their production. In addition investigations aimed at controlling the expression of these proteins may aid in the identification of factors that could potentially promote endogenous regeneration of the adult human retina after disease or injury. Proteomic analyses showed evidence for Müller glia contribution to retinal gliosis. Polyubiquitin-C and HSP90a produced by Müller glia, are upregulated in gliotic retina. Müller glia are a source of prelamin, elongation factor and serpin found in retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Eastlake
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Wendy E Heywood
- Centre for Translational Omics, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Phillip Banerjee
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Emily Bliss
- Centre for Translational Omics, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- Centre for Translational Omics, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - David Charteris
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - G Astrid Limb
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
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Martinez-Bosch N, Barranco LE, Orozco CA, Moreno M, Visa L, Iglesias M, Oldfield L, Neoptolemos JP, Greenhalf W, Earl J, Carrato A, Costello E, Navarro P. Increased plasma levels of galectin-1 in pancreatic cancer: potential use as biomarker. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32984-32996. [PMID: 30250644 PMCID: PMC6152472 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the most frequent type of pancreatic cancer and one of the deadliest diseases overall. New biomarkers are urgently needed to allow early diagnosis, one of the only factors that currently improves prognosis. Here we analyzed whether the detection of circulating galectin-1 (Gal-1), a soluble carbohydrate-binding protein overexpressed in PDA tissue samples, can be used as a biomarker for PDA. Gal-1 levels were determined by ELISA in plasma from healthy controls and patients diagnosed with PDA, using three independent cohorts. Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) were also included in the study to analyze the potential of Gal-1 to discriminate between cancer and inflammatory process. Plasma Gal-1 levels were significantly increased in patients with PDA as compared to controls in all three cohorts. Gal-1 sensitivity and specificity values were similar to that of the CA19-9 biomarker (the only FDA-approved blood test biomarker for PDA), and the combination of Gal-1 and CA19-9 significantly improved their individual discriminatory powers. Moreover, high levels of Gal-1 were associated with lower survival in patients with non-resected tumors. Collectively, our data indicate a strong potential of using circulating Gal-1 levels as a biomarker for detection and prognostics of patients with PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Martinez-Bosch
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Unidad Asociade CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis E Barranco
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Unidad Asociade CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A Orozco
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Unidad Asociade CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Moreno
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Unidad Asociade CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Visa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucy Oldfield
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John P Neoptolemos
- Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William Greenhalf
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Julie Earl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, CIBERONC, IRYCIS, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, CIBERONC, IRYCIS, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eithne Costello
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pilar Navarro
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Unidad Asociade CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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239
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Li JM, Tseng CW, Lin CC, Law CH, Chien YA, Kuo WH, Chou HC, Wang WC, Chan HL. Upregulation of LGALS1 is associated with oral cancer metastasis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918794622. [PMID: 30159048 PMCID: PMC6109855 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918794622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer metastasis is a devastating process that contributes to poor prognosis and high mortality, yet its detailed underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate metastasis-specific markers in oral cancer and to provide comprehensive recognition concerning functional roles of the specific target in oral cancer metastasis. Methods Lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 1 (LGALS1) was identified by secretomic analysis. LGALS1 expression of patient samples with oral cancer on the tissue microarray were examined by immunochemical (IHC) staining. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of LGALS1 revealed the role of LGALS1 in oral cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Results LGALS1 was observed to be upregulated in highly invasive oral cancer cells, and elevated LGALS1 expression was correlated with cancer progression and lymph node metastasis in oral cancer tissue specimens. Functionally, silencing LGALS1 resulted in suppressed cell growth, wound healing, cell migration, and cell invasion in oral cancer cells in vitro. Knockdown of LGALS1 in highly invasive oral cancer cells dramatically inhibited lung metastasis in an in vivo mouse model. Mechanistic studies suggested p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, upregulated MMP-9, and mesenchymal phenotypes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in highly invasive oral cancer cells, whereas siRNA against LGALS1 resulted in the inactivation of p38 MAPK pathway, downregulated MMP-9, and EMT inhibition. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that elevated LGALS1 is strongly correlated with oral cancer progression and metastasis, and that it could potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker and an innovative target for oral cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Tseng
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Law
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Chien
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Kuang-Fu Rd. Sec. 2, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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240
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Prognostic significance of galectin-1 expression in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:108. [PMID: 30087582 PMCID: PMC6076397 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic significance of galectin-1 (Gal-1) expression in cancerous patients has been assessed for several years while the results remain controversial. Thus, we performed the first comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of Gal-1 expression in cancerous patients. Methods We searched Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science to recruit studies on the prognostic impact of Gal-1 expression in cancerous patients. Eighteen studies containing 2674 patients were involved in this meta-analysis until March 30, 2018. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to estimate the effect using random-effects model. Results The pooled results revealed that high Gal-1 expression in cancer tissue associated with a poor OS (HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.54–2.08, P < 0.001). In the subgroup of tumor type, it’s observed that high Gal-1 expression was significant correlated with poor OS in digestive cancers without heterogeneity (HR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.64–2.30, P < 0.001; fixed-effects model; I2 = 20.1%, P = 0.276). Conclusions Our present meta-analysis indicates that high Gal-1 expression might be a predictive factor of poor prognosis in cancers, particularly in digestive cancers.
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241
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Butvilovskaya VI, Smoldovskaya OV, Feyzkhanova GU, Filippova MA, Pavlushkina L, Voloshin SA, Rubina AY. Modification of Anti-Glycan IgG and IgM Profiles in Allergic Inflammation. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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242
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Tsai MS, Chiang MT, Tsai DL, Yang CW, Hou HS, Li YR, Chang PC, Lin HH, Chen HY, Hwang IS, Wei PK, Hsu CP, Lin KI, Liu FT, Chau LY. Galectin-1 Restricts Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Motility Via Modulating Adhesion Force and Focal Adhesion Dynamics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11497. [PMID: 30065303 PMCID: PMC6068105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration play a key role in the development of intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a redox-sensitive β-galactoside-binding lectin expressed in VSMCs with intracellular and extracellular localizations. Here we show that VSMCs deficient in Gal-1 (Gal-1-KO) exhibited greater motility than wild type (WT) cells. Likewise, Gal-1-KO-VSMC migration was inhibited by a redox-insensitive but activity-preserved Gal-1 (CSGal-1) in a glycan-dependent manner. Gal-1-KO-VSMCs adhered slower than WT cells on fibronectin. Cell spreading and focal adhesion (FA) formation examined by phalloidin and vinculin staining were less in Gal-1-KO-VSMCs. Concomitantly, FA kinase (FAK) phosphorylation was induced to a lower extent in Gal-1-KO cells. Analysis of FA dynamics by nocodazole washout assay demonstrated that FA disassembly, correlated with FAK de-phosphorylation, was faster in Gal-1-KO-VSMCs. Surface plasmon resonance assay demonstrated that CSGal-1 interacted with α5β1integrin and fibronectin in a glycan-dependent manner. Chemical crosslinking experiment and atomic force microscopy further revealed the involvement of extracellular Gal-1 in strengthening VSMC-fibronectin interaction. In vivo experiment showed that carotid ligation-induced neointimal hyperplasia was more severe in Gal-1-KO mice than WT counterparts. Collectively, these data disclose that Gal-1 restricts VSMC migration by modulating cell-matrix interaction and focal adhesion turnover, which limits neointimal formation post vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Shao Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsai Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Lin Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-San Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Li
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Huei Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Kuen Wei
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Po Hsu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Young Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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243
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You JL, Wang W, Tang MY, Ye YH, Liu AX, Zhu YM. A potential role of galectin-1 in promoting mouse trophoblast stem cell differentiation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:228-239. [PMID: 29122660 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 is highly expressed in blastocysts and trophoblast giant cells during implantation, and dysregulated galectin-1 is associated with many pregnancy-related abnormalities. Elevated galectin-1 contributes to cancer cells invasion. Here, we found that galectin-1 is expressed in mouse oocytes, preimplantation embryos (all stages), and trophoblast stem (TS) cells. Peak levels of galectin-1 mRNA and protein were detected on day 4 and day 5 after the induction of TS cells differentiation. Overexpression of galectin-1 increased TS cells migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of galectin-1 attenuated these effects. Additionally, knockdown of galectin-1 in TS cells decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2/9, ZEB-1, Snail, N-cadherin, TGF-β, Nodal, and phospho-Smad2/3, whereas the expression of E-cadherin was increased. In contrast, overexpression of galectin-1 in TS cells increased the expression of MMP2/9, ZEB-1, and N-cadherin, whereas the expression of E-cadherin was decreased. These findings suggest a potential role of galectin-1 in the differentiation of mouse TS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li You
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Yue Tang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying-Hui Ye
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ai-Xia Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi-Min Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Kishor C, Ross RL, Blanchard H. Lactulose as a novel template for anticancer drug development targeting galectins. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1801-1808. [PMID: 29888844 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate binding proteins (lectins), which characteristically bind β-galactosides. Galectins play a role in tumour progression through involvement in proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune evasion and drug resistance. There is need for inhibitors (antagonists) that are specific for distinct galectins and that can interfere with galectin-carbohydrate interactions during cancer progression. Here, we propose that lactulose, a non-digestible galactose-fructose disaccharide, presents a novel inhibitor scaffold for design of inhibitors against galectins. Thermodynamic evaluation displays binding affinity of lactulose against the galectin-1 and galectin-3 carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Crystal structures of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in complex with lactulose reveal for the first time the molecular basis of the galectin-lactulose interactions. Molecular modelling was implemented to propose novel lactulose derivatives as potent anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kishor
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Renee L Ross
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Huang M, Zhou T, Wu Y, Fei H, Wang G, Li Z, Lei Y, Liu Q, Sun C, Lv Z, Xu XW. Characterisation and functional comparison of single-CRD and multidomain containing galectins CgGal-2 and CgGal-3 from oyster Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:238-247. [PMID: 29678793 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are β-galactoside binding lectins that play crucial roles in innate immunity in vertebrates and invertebrates through their conserved carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs). In the present study, single- and four-CRD-containing galectins were identified in oyster Crassostrea gigas (designated CgGal-2 and CgGal-3). The open reading frames (ORFs) of CgGal-2 and CgGal-3 encode polypeptides of 200 and 555 amino acids, respectively. All CRDs of CgGal-3 include two consensus motifs essential for ligand-binding, and a novel motif is present in CgGal-2. Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) profiles were determined for recombinant rCgGal-2 and rCgGal-3, and rCgGal-2 displayed low binding affinity for PAMPs, while rCgGal-3 bound various PAMPs including glucan, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and peptidoglycan (PGN) with relatively high affinity. Furthermore, rCgGal-2 and rCgGal-3 exhibited different microbe binding profiles; rCgGal-2 bound to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Vibrio vulnificus) and fungi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris), while rCgGal-3 bound to these microbes but also to Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus). In addition, rCgGal-3 possessed microbial agglutinating activity and coagulation activity against fungi and erythrocytes, respectively, but rCgGal-2 lacked any agglutinating activity. Carbohydrate binding specificity analysis showed that rCgGal-3 specifically bound D-galactose. Furthermore, rCgGal-2 and rCgGal-3 functioned as opsonin participating in the clearance against invaders in C. gigas. Thus, CgGal-2 with one CRD and CgGal-3 with four CRDs are new members of the galectin family involved in immune responses against bacterial infection. Differences in the organisation and amino acid sequences of CRDs may affect their specificity and affinity for nonself substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yuehong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Hui Fei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yutong Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Cong Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhengbing Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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246
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Long B, Yu Z, Zhou H, Ma Z, Ren Y, Zhan H, Li L, Cao H, Jiao Z. Clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of galectins for patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2018; 56:242-249. [PMID: 29940258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationships between the expression level of different galectins and its prognostic value for patients with gastric cancer. METHODS The PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. All the eligible studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the relevant data was extracted by two independent researchers. The quality assessment was conducted according to the evaluation of the quality of prognosis study which published by Harden in 2006. The STATA 12.0 software was used to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS All of 8 retrospective case-controlled studies involving 2093 patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. The results of meta-analysis presented that the elevated galectin-1 which is related to the poor overall survival (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.33-2.58; P < 0.001) may predicted a larger tumor size (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.35-3.35; P = 0.001) and was positively associated with the higher expression of VEGF (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.14-1.82; P = 0.002). Moreover, the decreased galectin-3 (HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.36-0.67; P < 0.001), galectin-8 (HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.36-0.67; P < 0.001) and galectin-9 (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92; P = 0.003) were also significantly associated with poorer prognosis. Our meta-analysis also showed that lower expression of galectin-3 was also related to lymphatic vessel invasion (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26-0.89; P = 0.018), worse TNM stages (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32-0.40; P < 0.001), deeper invasive depth (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21-0.51; P < 0.001) and poorer differentiation grade (OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04-0.25; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High expression of galectin-1 or low expression of galectin-3, -8 and -9 were significantly related to a poorer prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. The expression level of galectins was associated with clinical characteristics and were potential independent prognostic predictor for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Long
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Huinian Zhou
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijian Ma
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanxian Ren
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Zhan
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Long Li
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hongtai Cao
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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247
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Expression of Galectins-1 and Galectin-3 in Stomach and Colorectal Cancer with Tissue Eosinophilia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:256-258. [PMID: 29926280 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the expression of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in tumor tissue in stomach and colorectal cancer with and without tissue eosinophilia. Low expression of galectin-3 was detected in all patients with malignant gastrointestinal tumors irrespective of the presence of eosinophilia. Low expression of galectin-1 was detected only in patients with gastrointestinal cancer associated with eosinophilia. Association of galectin-1 expression with eosinophilic infiltration of the tumor tissue in stomach and colorectal cancer was detected.
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248
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He C, Jia C, Zhang Y, Xu P. Enrichment-Based Proteogenomics Identifies Microproteins, Missing Proteins, and Novel smORFs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2335-2344. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuitong He
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chenxi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
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249
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Fan SMY, Tsai CF, Yen CM, Lin MH, Wang WH, Chan CC, Chen CL, Phua KKL, Pan SH, Plikus MV, Yu SL, Chen YJ, Lin SJ. Inducing hair follicle neogenesis with secreted proteins enriched in embryonic skin. Biomaterials 2018; 167:121-131. [PMID: 29567388 PMCID: PMC6050066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Organ development is a sophisticated process of self-organization. However, despite growing understanding of the developmental mechanisms, little is known about how to reactivate them postnatally for regeneration. We found that treatment of adult non-hair fibroblasts with cell-free extract from embryonic skin conferred upon them the competency to regenerate hair follicles. Proteomics analysis identified three secreted proteins enriched in the embryonic skin, apolipoprotein-A1, galectin-1 and lumican that together were essential and sufficient to induce new hair follicles. These 3 proteins show a stage-specific co-enrichment in the perifolliculogenetic embryonic dermis. Mechanistically, exposure to embryonic skin extract or to the combination of the 3 proteins altered the gene expression to an inductive hair follicle dermal papilla fibroblast-like profile and activated Igf and Wnt signaling, which are crucial for the regeneration process. Therefore, a cocktail of organ-specific extracellular proteins from the embryonic environment can render adult cells competent to re-engage in developmental interactions for organ neogenesis. Identification of factors that recreate the extracellular context of respective developing tissues can become an important strategy to promote regeneration in adult organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Mei Yen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kyle K L Phua
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Jan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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250
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Perea-Gil I, Gálvez-Montón C, Prat-Vidal C, Jorba I, Segú-Vergés C, Roura S, Soler-Botija C, Iborra-Egea O, Revuelta-López E, Fernández MA, Farré R, Navajas D, Bayes-Genis A. Head-to-head comparison of two engineered cardiac grafts for myocardial repair: From scaffold characterization to pre-clinical testing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6708. [PMID: 29712965 PMCID: PMC5928167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering, which combines cells and supportive scaffolds, is an emerging treatment for restoring cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI), although, the optimal construct remains a challenge. We developed two engineered cardiac grafts, based on decellularized scaffolds from myocardial and pericardial tissues and repopulated them with adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSCs). The structure, macromechanical and micromechanical scaffold properties were preserved upon the decellularization and recellularization processes, except for recellularized myocardium micromechanics that was ∼2-fold stiffer than native tissue and decellularized scaffolds. Proteome characterization of the two acellular matrices showed enrichment of matrisome proteins and major cardiac extracellular matrix components, considerably higher for the recellularized pericardium. Moreover, the pericardial scaffold demonstrated better cell penetrance and retention, as well as a bigger pore size. Both engineered cardiac grafts were further evaluated in pre-clinical MI swine models. Forty days after graft implantation, swine treated with the engineered cardiac grafts showed significant ventricular function recovery. Irrespective of the scaffold origin or cell recolonization, all scaffolds integrated with the underlying myocardium and showed signs of neovascularization and nerve sprouting. Collectively, engineered cardiac grafts -with pericardial or myocardial scaffolds- were effective in restoring cardiac function post-MI, and pericardial scaffolds showed better structural integrity and recolonization capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Perea-Gil
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Centre of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Soler-Botija
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elena Revuelta-López
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Marco A Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain. .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain. .,Cardiology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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