201
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Zou GJ, Chen ZR, Wang XQ, Cui YH, Li F, Li CQ, Wang LF, Huang FL. Microglial activation in the medial prefrontal cortex after remote fear recall participates in the regulation of auditory fear extinction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176759. [PMID: 38901527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Excessive or inappropriate fear responses can lead to anxiety-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies have shown that microglial activation occurs after fear conditioning and that microglial inhibition impacts fear memory. However, the role of microglia in fear memory recall remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the activated profiles of microglia after the recall of remote-cued fear memory and the role of activated microglia in the extinction of remote-cued fear in adult male C57BL/6 mice. The results revealed that the expression of the microglia marker Iba1 increased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at 10 min and 1 h following remote-cued fear recall, which was accompanied by amoeboid morphology. Inhibiting microglial activation through PLX3397 treatment before remote fear recall did not affect recall, reconsolidation, or regular extinction but facilitated recall-extinction and mitigated spontaneous recovery. Moreover, our results demonstrated reduced co-expression of Iba1 and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in the mPFC, along with decreases in the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio, p-Akt/Akt ratio, and KLF4 expression after PLX3397 treatment. Our results suggest that microglial activation after remote fear recall impedes fear extinction through the pruning of synapses in the mPFC, accompanied by alterations in the expression of the PI3K/AKT/KLF4 pathway. This finding can help elucidate the mechanism involved in remote fear extinction, contributing to the theoretical foundation for the intervention and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China
| | - Zhao-Rong Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China
| | - Xue-Qin Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Lai-Fa Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China.
| | - Fu-Lian Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China.
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202
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Wang X, Dou Y, Hu J, Chan CHC, Li R, Rong L, Gong H, Deng J, Yuen TTT, Lin X, He Y, Su C, Zhang BZ, Chan JFW, Yuen KY, Chu H, Huang JD. Conserved moonlighting protein pyruvate dehydrogenase induces robust protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321939121. [PMID: 39186649 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321939121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing an effective Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) vaccine has been a challenging endeavor, as demonstrated by numerous failed clinical trials over the years. In this study, we formulated a vaccine containing a highly conserved moonlighting protein, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit (PDHC), and showed that it induced strong protective immunity against epidemiologically relevant staphylococcal strains in various murine disease models. While antibody responses contributed to bacterial control, they were not essential for protective immunity in the bloodstream infection model. Conversely, vaccine-induced systemic immunity relied on γδ T cells. It has been suggested that prior S. aureus exposure may contribute to the reduction of vaccine efficacy. However, PDHC-induced protective immunity still facilitated bacterial clearance in mice previously exposed to S. aureus. Collectively, our findings indicate that PDHC is a promising serotype-independent vaccine candidate effective against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchu Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Celia Hoi-Ching Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhao Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Rong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Huarui Gong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Deng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Terrence Tsz-Tai Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuansheng Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yige He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhui Su
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Oncology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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203
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Chowdhary K, Léon J, Mathis D, Benoist C. An integrated transcription factor framework for Treg identity and diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2411301121. [PMID: 39196621 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2411301121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate cell identity depends on the combined activity of scores of transcription factors (TF). While TFs have often been studied in isolation, a systematic perspective on their integration has been missing. Focusing on FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), key guardians of immune tolerance, we combined single-cell chromatin accessibility, machine learning, and high-density genetic variation, to resolve a validated framework of diverse Treg chromatin programs, each shaped by multi-TF inputs. This framework identified previously unrecognized Treg controllers (Smarcc1) and illuminated the mechanism of action of FoxP3, which amplified a pre-existing Treg identity, diversely activating or repressing distinct programs, dependent on different regulatory partners. Treg subpopulations in the colon relied variably on FoxP3, Helios+ Tregs being completely dependent, but RORγ+ Tregs largely independent. These differences were rooted in intrinsic biases decoded by the integrated framework. Moving beyond master regulators, this work unravels how overlapping TF activities coalesce into Treg identity and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliette Léon
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France 75015
| | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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204
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Spencer J, Dionisi C. Immature B cell homing shapes human lymphoid tissue structure and function. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240085. [PMID: 39093311 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Shortly after the emergence of newly formed human B cells from bone marrow as transitional cells, they diverge along two developmental pathways that can be distinguished by the level of IgM they express and migratory biases. Here, we propose that differential tissue homing of immature B cell subsets contributes to human lymphoid tissue structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Spencer
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chiara Dionisi
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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205
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Deguine J, Xavier RJ. B cell tolerance and autoimmunity: Lessons from repertoires. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231314. [PMID: 39093312 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune cell function is regulated by a highly diverse receptor recombined from variable germline-encoded segments that can recognize an almost unlimited array of epitopes. While this diversity enables the recognition of any pathogen, it also poses a risk of self-recognition, leading to autoimmunity. Many layers of regulation are present during both the generation and activation of B cells to prevent this phenomenon, although they are evidently imperfect. In recent years, our ability to analyze immune repertoires at scale has drastically increased, both through advances in sequencing and single-cell analyses. Here, we review the current knowledge on B cell repertoire analyses, focusing on their implication for autoimmunity. These studies demonstrate that a failure of tolerance occurs at multiple independent checkpoints in different autoimmune contexts, particularly during B cell maturation, plasmablast differentiation, and within germinal centers. These failures are marked by distinct repertoire features that may be used to identify disease- or patient-specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Deguine
- Immunology Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Immunology Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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206
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Li Y, Vyas SP, Mehta I, Asada N, Dey I, Taylor TC, Bechara R, Amatya N, Aggor FEY, Coleman BM, Li DD, Yamamoto K, Ezenwa O, Sun Y, Sterneck E, McManus CJ, Panzer U, Biswas PS, Savan R, Das J, Gaffen SL. The RNA binding protein Arid5a drives IL-17-dependent autoantibody-induced glomerulonephritis. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240656. [PMID: 39058386 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoantibody-mediated glomerulonephritis (AGN) arises from dysregulated renal inflammation, with urgent need for improved treatments. IL-17 is implicated in AGN and drives pathology in a kidney-intrinsic manner via renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). Nonetheless, downstream signaling mechanisms provoking kidney pathology are poorly understood. A noncanonical RNA binding protein (RBP), Arid5a, was upregulated in human and mouse AGN. Arid5a-/- mice were refractory to AGN, with attenuated myeloid infiltration and impaired expression of IL-17-dependent cytokines and transcription factors (C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ). Transcriptome-wide RIP-Seq revealed that Arid5a inducibly interacts with conventional IL-17 target mRNAs, including CEBPB and CEBPD. Unexpectedly, many Arid5a RNA targets corresponded to translational regulation and RNA processing pathways, including rRNAs. Indeed, global protein synthesis was repressed in Arid5a-deficient cells, and C/EBPs were controlled at the level of protein rather than RNA accumulation. IL-17 prompted Arid5a nuclear export and association with 18S rRNA, a 40S ribosome constituent. Accordingly, IL-17-dependent renal autoimmunity is driven by Arid5a at the level of ribosome interactions and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shachi P Vyas
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Isha Mehta
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nariaki Asada
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ipsita Dey
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany C Taylor
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rami Bechara
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nilesh Amatya
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Felix E Y Aggor
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bianca M Coleman
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - De-Dong Li
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ogechukwu Ezenwa
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yeque Sun
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Esta Sterneck
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - C Joel McManus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg, Germany
| | - Partha S Biswas
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah L Gaffen
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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207
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Schmidleithner L, Stüve P, Feuerer M. FOXP3 snatches transcription factors depending on the context. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240940. [PMID: 38949640 PMCID: PMC11215522 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
FOXP3 hijacks DNA-binding proteins to regulate gene expression. In this issue of JEM, He et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20232068) propose a dynamic model in which FOXP3 associates with DNA-binding proteins to regulate Treg cell function in response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schmidleithner
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stüve
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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208
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He M, Zong X, Xu B, Qi W, Huang W, Djekidel MN, Zhang Y, Pagala VR, Li J, Hao X, Guy C, Bai L, Cross R, Li C, Peng J, Feng Y. Dynamic Foxp3-chromatin interaction controls tunable Treg cell function. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232068. [PMID: 38935023 PMCID: PMC11211070 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor Foxp3 determines regulatory T (Treg) cell fate and function via mechanisms that remain unclear. Here, we investigate the nature of Foxp3-mediated gene regulation in suppressing autoimmunity and antitumor immune response. Contrasting with previous models, we find that Foxp3-chromatin binding is regulated by Treg activation states, tumor microenvironment, and antigen and cytokine stimulations. Proteomics studies uncover dynamic proteins within Foxp3 proximity upon TCR or IL-2 receptor signaling in vitro, reflecting intricate interactions among Foxp3, signal transducers, and chromatin. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown experiments indicate that NFAT and AP-1 protein Batf are required for enhanced Foxp3-chromatin binding in activated Treg cells and tumor-infiltrating Treg cells to modulate target gene expression. Furthermore, mutations at the Foxp3 DNA-binding domain destabilize the Foxp3-chromatin association. These representative settings delineate context-dependent Foxp3-chromatin interaction, suggesting that Foxp3 associates with chromatin by hijacking DNA-binding proteins resulting from Treg activation or differentiation, which is stabilized by direct Foxp3-DNA binding, to dynamically regulate Treg cell function according to immunological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghong He
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xinying Zong
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wenjie Qi
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vishwajeeth R. Pagala
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaolei Hao
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Clifford Guy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richard Cross
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chunliang Li
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structure Biology and Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yongqiang Feng
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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209
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Kaymak I, Watson MJ, Oswald BM, Ma S, Johnson BK, DeCamp LM, Mabvakure BM, Luda KM, Ma EH, Lau K, Fu Z, Muhire B, Kitchen-Goosen SM, Vander Ark A, Dahabieh MS, Samborska B, Vos M, Shen H, Fan ZP, Roddy TP, Kingsbury GA, Sousa CM, Krawczyk CM, Williams KS, Sheldon RD, Kaech SM, Roy DG, Jones RG. ACLY and ACSS2 link nutrient-dependent chromatin accessibility to CD8 T cell effector responses. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231820. [PMID: 39150482 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordination of cellular metabolism is essential for optimal T cell responses. Here, we identify cytosolic acetyl-CoA production as an essential metabolic node for CD8 T cell function in vivo. We show that CD8 T cell responses to infection depend on acetyl-CoA derived from citrate via the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY). However, ablation of ACLY triggers an alternative, acetate-dependent pathway for acetyl-CoA production mediated by acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2). Mechanistically, acetate fuels both the TCA cycle and cytosolic acetyl-CoA production, impacting T cell effector responses, acetate-dependent histone acetylation, and chromatin accessibility at effector gene loci. When ACLY is functional, ACSS2 is not required, suggesting acetate is not an obligate metabolic substrate for CD8 T cell function. However, loss of ACLY renders CD8 T cells dependent on acetate (via ACSS2) to maintain acetyl-CoA production and effector function. Together, ACLY and ACSS2 coordinate cytosolic acetyl-CoA production in CD8 T cells to maintain chromatin accessibility and T cell effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kaymak
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - McLane J Watson
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brandon M Oswald
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Shixin Ma
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin K Johnson
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Batsirai M Mabvakure
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Katarzyna M Luda
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , København, Denmark
| | - Eric H Ma
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kin Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Fu
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brejnev Muhire
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kitchen-Goosen
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Alexandra Vander Ark
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Michael S Dahabieh
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bozena Samborska
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University , Montréal, Canada
| | - Matthew Vos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Connie M Krawczyk
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kelsey S Williams
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ryan D Sheldon
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dominic G Roy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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210
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Hu W, Cheng L, Zhao J, Wu Y, Lin Y, Yin J. Purine metabolite inosine induced by transforming growth factor‑β promotes epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:416. [PMID: 38988443 PMCID: PMC11234247 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway serves a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which the TGF-β signaling pathway regulates CRC are still not fully understood. In the present study, metabolomics and transcriptomics were used to screen for key metabolites and regulatory genes most related to the regulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway in CRC. Additionally, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and Transwell assays were performed to assess the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Metabolomics analysis indicated that TGF-β1 has an impact on purine metabolism, leading to an increase in the purine metabolite inosine. The increase of inosine is essential for facilitating EMT and cell migration in CRC cells. Furthermore, the integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics data revealed that TGF-β1 induces the expression of laccase domain-containing 1 (LACC1), an enzyme involved in the regulation of inosine. Knockdown of LACC1 resulted in a reduction of TGF-β1-induced alterations in inosine levels, EMT and cell migration in CRC cells. The results of the present study suggest that the TGF-β signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of purine metabolism in CRC through the modulation of LACC1 expression. Furthermore, LACC1 appears to influence EMT and cell migration by elevating the levels of the purine metabolite inosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Hu
- Department of Healthcare, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Ling Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Chest Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- Department of Chest Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chest Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
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211
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Hou R, Zhang X, Wang X, Zhao X, Li S, Guan Z, Cao J, Liu D, Zheng J, Shi M. In vivo manufacture and manipulation of CAR-T cells for better druggability. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:1075-1093. [PMID: 38592427 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The current CAR-T cell therapy products have been hampered in their druggability due to the personalized preparation required, unclear pharmacokinetic characteristics, and unpredictable adverse reactions. Enabling standardized manufacturing and having clear efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics are prerequisites for ensuring the effective practicality of CAR-T cell therapy drugs. This review provides a broad overview of the different approaches for controlling behaviors of CAR-T cells in vivo. The utilization of genetically modified vectors enables in vivo production of CAR-T cells, thereby abbreviating or skipping the lengthy in vitro expansion process. By equipping CAR-T cells with intricately designed control elements, using molecule switches or small-molecule inhibitors, the control of CAR-T cell activity can be achieved. Moreover, the on-off control of CAR-T cell activity would yield potential gains in phenotypic remodeling. These methods provide beneficial references for the future development of safe, controllable, convenient, and suitable for standardized production of CAR-T cell therapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijin Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangchun Guan
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ming Shi
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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212
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Li H, Wang L, Ruan Z, Li X, Yang Y, Fang J, Wang R. CSE1L as a prognostic biomarker associated with pan cancer immune infiltration and drug sensitivity. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:1113-1125. [PMID: 38752776 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2356747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising cancer-related mortality underscores the importance of biomarkers for treatment and prognosis, with Chromosome Segregation 1 Like (CSE1L) linked to various cancers yet its roles remain partially understood. This study investigates CSE1L's expression and oncogenic mechanisms in solid tumors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed multi-omics data from 31 solid tumors, measured CSE1L in 41 head and neck carcinoma patients post-chemotherapy via qRT-PCR, and evaluated the impact of CSE1L knockdown on cell proliferation in A549 and HepG2 cells. RESULTS In this study, we observed significantly elevated levels of CSE1L RNA in 13 tumor tissues and protein levels in 8 tumor tissues compared to their corresponding adjacent normal tissues. Additionally, our investigation unveiled a correlation between heightened CSE1L expression in tumor tissues and worsened patient prognosis, poor response to immunotherapy, and diminished effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Through an analysis of CSE1L mechanisms, we discovered its potential involvement in promoting tumor cell proliferation, enhancing drug resistance, and influencing immune infiltration, thereby impacting patient prognosis and treatment outcomes. Finally, we delved into the potential mechanisms underlying upregulation of CSE1L in tumor tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that CSE1L promotes tumor development in various malignancies, highlighting its potential as both a therapeutic target and prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingwa Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Ruan
- Department of Major Emerging Infectious Diseases, Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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213
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George N, Xiao J. Inhibiting sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase: From efficacy to mechanism. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106585. [PMID: 38955289 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a lipid metabolite regulating diverse biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis, highlighting its physiological and therapeutic significance. Current S1P-based therapeutic approaches primarily focus on modulating the downstream signalling via targeting S1P receptors, however, this is challenged by incomplete receptor internalisation. Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL) is a highly conserved enzyme that "gatekeeps" the final step of S1P degradation. Cognisant of the complex ligand and receptor interaction and dynamic metabolic networks, the selective modulation of SPL activity presents a new opportunity to regulate S1P biosynthesis and reveal its role in various systems. Over the past decade, an evolving effort has been made to identify new molecules that could block SPL activity in vitro or in vivo. This review focuses on summarising the current understanding of the reported SPL inhibitors identified through various screening approaches, discussing their efficacy in diverse model systems and the possible mechanism of action. Whilst effective modulation of S1P levels via inhibiting SPL is feasible, the specificity of those inhibitors remains inconclusive, presenting a clear challenge for future implications. Yet, none of the currently available SPL inhibitors is proven effective in elevating S1P levels within the central nervous system. This review article embraces future research focusing on investigating selective SPL inhibitors with high potency and possibly blood-brain-barrier permeability, which would aid the development of new S1P-based therapeutics for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson George
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.
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214
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Karaselek MA, Duran T, Kuccukturk S, Vatansev H, Oltulu P. Changes in T-cell subsets occur in interstitial lung disease and may contribute to pathology via complicated immune cascade. APMIS 2024; 132:663-671. [PMID: 38860355 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the expression profiles of transcription factors, cytokines, and co-stimulatory molecules in helper T (Th)-cell subsets within bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Twenty ILDs patients were included in the study, comprising those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n:8), autoimmune-related ILDs (auto-ILD) (n:4), and orphan diseases (O-ILD) (n:8), alongside five control subjects. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate the Th to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) ratio in BAL fluid, while cytopathological examination assessed macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to investigate the expressions in Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Results revealed elevated Th cell to CTL ratios across all patient groups compared to controls. Furthermore, upregulation of Th1, Th2, Th17, and T-cell factors was observed in all patient groups compared to controls. Interestingly, upregulation of CD28 and downregulation of CTLA-4 and PD-1 gene expression were consistent across all ILDs groups, highlighting potential immune dysregulation. This study provides a comprehensive exploration of molecular immunological mechanisms in ILDs patients, underscoring the dominance of Th2 and Th17 responses and revealing novel findings regarding the dysregulation of CD28, CTLA-4, and PD-1 expressions in ILDs for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Karaselek
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tugce Duran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Medicine Faculty, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kuccukturk
- Department of Medical Biology, Medicine Faculty, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Hulya Vatansev
- Department of Chest Disease, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pembe Oltulu
- Department of Pathology, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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215
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Blauvelt A, Langley RG, Branigan PJ, Liu X, Chen Y, DePrimo S, Ma K, Scott B, Campbell K, Muñoz-Elías EJ, Papp KA. Guselkumab Reduces Disease- and Mechanism-Related Biomarkers More Than Adalimumab in Patients with Psoriasis: A VOYAGE 1 Substudy. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100287. [PMID: 39114670 PMCID: PMC11305298 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by activation of IL-23-driven IL-17-producing T cell and other IL-23 receptor-positive IL-17-producing cell responses. Selective blockade of IL-23p19 with guselkumab was superior to blockade of TNF-α with adalimumab (ADA) in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Objective: Pharmacodynamic responses of guselkumab versus ADA were compared in patients with psoriasis in VOYAGE 1. Design Inflammatory cytokine serum levels were assessed (n = 118), and lesional and nonlesional skin biopsies were collected (n = 38) in patient subsets at baseline and 4, 24, and 48 weeks after treatment to evaluate pharmacodynamic responses of guselkumab versus those of ADA. Results Guselkumab provided rapid reductions in serum IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 levels by week 4 versus at baseline, which were maintained through weeks 24 and 48 (P < .001). The magnitude of reduction of IL-17A and IL-22 at week 48 and IL-17F at weeks 4, 24, and 48 were greater with guselkumab than with ADA (all P < .05). In the skin, guselkumab reduced the expression of IL-23/IL-17 pathway-associated and psoriasis-associated genes. Conclusion These data provide extensive characterization of pharmacodynamic anti-inflammatory responses to IL-23p19 and TNF-α inhibition in human blood and tissue over time with FDA-approved doses of guselkumab and ADA. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.govClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02207231).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard G. Langley
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Patrick J. Branigan
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Samuel DePrimo
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Keying Ma
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brittney Scott
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kim Campbell
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kim A. Papp
- K. Papp Alliance Clinical Trials and Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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216
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Li KW, Raza F, Jiang LD, Su J, Qiu MF. Clerodendranthus Spicatus: A review of its active compounds, mechanisms of action, and clinical studies in urinary diseases. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106082. [PMID: 38901804 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Clerodendranthus spicatus (Thunb.) C.Y.Wu (CS) is a widely studied plant that shows potential in treating urinary diseases. Previous studies have focused on its chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary and evaluation of the existing literature on CS. It also suggests future research directions to increase our understanding of its medicinal value. 129 pieces of literature were selected from several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-fang Database, and Google Scholar, and were analyzed. Forty-five active compounds of CS have pharmacological effects such as lowering uric acid, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and kidney protection. The potential mechanisms of these effects may be related to inhibiting transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) activation, reducing inflammatory factors such as IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE2, IFN-γ, and IL-6 levels, suppressing the activation of NF-κB, JAK/STAT pathway, enhancing the clearance of ROS, MDA DPPH·, and O2 ̇ -, and regulating the expression of apoptosis-related pathways and proteins. This paper also discusses the quality control of CS and its efficacy and safety in treating urinary diseases. The study concludes that CS has a high potential for treating urinary diseases. Future studies should focus on observing the metabolic changes of CS active compounds in vivo and investigating the effects of CS on key signaling pathways. Additionally, more standardized and reasonable clinical studies and safety evaluation experiments should be conducted to obtain more clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liang-di Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming-Feng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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217
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Song Y, Liu P, Qi X, Shi XL, Wang YS, Guo D, Luo H, Du ZJ, Wang MY. Helicobacter pylori infection delays neutrophil apoptosis and exacerbates inflammatory response. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:1145-1156. [PMID: 39056165 DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2360798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Understanding molecular mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced inflammation is important for developing new therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal diseases.Materials & methods: We designed an H. pylori-neutrophil infection model and explored the effects of H. pylori infection on neutrophils.Results: H. pylori infected neutrophils showed a low level of apoptosis. H. pylori stimulation activated the NACHT/LRR/PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)-gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pathway for interleukin (IL)-1β secretion. However, IL-1β secretion was not completely dependent on GSDMD, as inhibition of autophagy significantly reduced IL-1β release, and autophagy-related molecules were significantly upregulated in H. pylori-infected neutrophils.Conclusion: Therefore, H. pylori infection inhibits neutrophils apoptosis and induces IL-1β secretion through autophagy. These findings may be utilized to formulate therapeutic strategies against H. pylori mediated chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Xi Qi
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lin Shi
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Yu-Shan Wang
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Hong Luo
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Zong-Jun Du
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
| | - Ming-Yi Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
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218
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Walcheck MT, Schwartz PB, Carrillo ND, Matkowskyj KA, Nukaya M, Bradfield CA, Ronnekleiv-Kelly SM. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Knockout Accelerates PanIN Formation and Fibro-Inflammation in a Mutant Kras -Driven Pancreatic Cancer Model. Pancreas 2024; 53:e670-e680. [PMID: 38696422 PMCID: PMC11321943 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pathogenesis of pancreas cancer (PDAC) remains poorly understood, hindering efforts to develop a more effective therapy for PDAC. Recent discoveries show the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a crucial role in the development of several cancers and can be targeted for therapeutic effect. However, its involvement in the pathogenesis of PDAC remains unclear. To address this gap, we evaluated the role of AHR in the development of PDAC precancerous lesions in vivo . MATERIALS AND METHODS We created a global AHR-null, mutant Kras -driven PDAC mouse model (A -/- KC) and evaluated the changes in PDAC precursor lesion formation (PanIN-1, 2, and 3) and associated fibro-inflammation between KC and A -/- KC at 5 months of age. We then examined the changes in the immune microenvironment followed by single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis to evaluate concomitant transcriptomic changes. RESULTS We identified a significant increase in PanIN-1 lesion formation and PanIN-1 associated fibro-inflammatory infiltrate in A -/- KC versus KC mice. This was associated with significant changes in the adaptive immune system, particularly a decrease in the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio, as well as a decrease in the T-regulatory/Th17 T-cell ratio suggesting unregulated inflammation. CONCLUSIONS These findings show the loss of AHR results in heightened Kras -induced PanIN formation, through modulation of immune cells within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan T Walcheck
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
| | - Patrick B Schwartz
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
| | - Noah D Carrillo
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin
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Qiu S, Zhou G, Ke J, Zhou J, Zhang H, Jin Z, Xie W, Huang S, He Z, Qin H, Huang H, Li Q, Huang H, Tang H, Liang Y, Duan M. Impairment of Gal-9 and Tim-3 crosstalk between Tregs and Th17 cells drives tobacco smoke-induced airway inflammation. Immunology 2024; 173:152-171. [PMID: 38829009 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) on T cells has been observed in smokers. However, whether and how galectin-9 (Gal-9)/TIM-3 signal between T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and type 17 helper (Th17) cells contributes to tobacco smoke-induced airway inflammation remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the role of the Gal-9/TIM-3 signal between Tregs and Th17 cells during chronic tobacco smoke exposure. Tregs phenotype and the expression of TIM-3 on CD4+ T cells were detected in a mouse model of experimental emphysema. The role of TIM-3 in CD4+ T cells was explored in a HAVCR2-/- mouse model and in mice that received recombinant anti-TIM3. The crosstalk between Gal-9 and Tim-3 was evaluated by coculture Tregs with effector CD4+ T cells. We also invested the expression of Gal-9 in Tregs in patients with COPD. Our study revealed that chronic tobacco smoke exposure significantly reduces the frequency of Tregs in the lungs of mice and remarkably shapes the heterogeneity of Tregs by downregulating the expression of Gal-9. We observed a pro-inflammatory but restrained phenotypic transition of CD4+ T cells after tobacco smoke exposure, which was maintained by TIM-3. The restrained phenotype of CD4+ T cells was perturbed when TIM-3 was deleted or neutralised. Tregs from the lungs of mice with emphysema displayed a blunt ability to inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of Th17 cells. The inhibitory function of Tregs was partially restored by using recombinant Gal-9. The interaction between Gal-9 and TIM-3 inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells and promotes apoptosis of CD4+ T cells, possibly by interfering with the expression of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t. The expression of Gal-9 in Tregs was reduced in patients with COPD, which was associated with Th17 response and lung function. These findings present a new paradigm that impairment of Gal-9/Tim-3 crosstalk between Tregs and Th17 cells during chronic tobacco smoke exposure promotes tobacco smoke-induced airway/lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junyi Ke
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianpeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhitao Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenli Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zaiqin He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huajiao Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuming Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongchun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haijuan Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Minchao Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Han XQ, Cui ZW, Ma ZY, Wang J, Hu YZ, Li J, Ye JM, Tafalla C, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Phagocytic Plasma Cells in Teleost Fish Provide Insights into the Origin and Evolution of B Cells in Vertebrates. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:730-742. [PMID: 38984862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Teleost IgM+ B cells can phagocytose, like mammalian B1 cells, and secrete Ag-specific IgM, like mammalian B2 cells. Therefore, teleost IgM+ B cells may have the functions of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells. To support this view, we initially found that grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) IgM+ plasma cells (PCs) exhibit robust phagocytic ability, akin to IgM+ naive B cells. Subsequently, we sorted grass carp IgM+ PCs into two subpopulations: nonphagocytic (Pha-IgM+ PCs) and phagocytic IgM+ PCs (Pha+IgM+ PCs), both of which demonstrated the capacity to secrete natural IgM with LPS and peptidoglycan binding capacity. Remarkably, following immunization of grass carp with an Ag, we observed that both Pha-IgM+ PCs and Pha+IgM+ PCs could secrete Ag-specific IgM. Furthermore, in vitro concatenated phagocytosis experiments in which Pha-IgM+ PCs from an initial phagocytosis experiment were sorted and exposed again to beads confirmed that these cells also have phagocytic capabilities, thereby suggesting that all teleost IgM+ B cells have phagocytic potential. Additionally, we found that grass carp IgM+ PCs display classical phenotypic features of macrophages, providing support for the hypothesis that vertebrate B cells evolved from ancient phagocytes. These findings together reveal that teleost B cells are a primitive B cell type with functions reminiscent of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells, providing insights into the origin and evolution of B cells in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Han
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-You Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Science and Medicine, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI
| | - Jian-Min Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Shu C, Chen Y, Wu Z, Zhang W, Zhao J, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Li J, Zhu J, Yan Z, Liu Z. Isotoosendanin exerts anti-tumor effects in NSCLC by enhancing the stability of SHP-2 and inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155832. [PMID: 38924928 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has been considered as a serious problem for the public health system. NSCLC is the main type of lung cancer, and finding improved treatments for NSCLC is a pressing concern. In this study, we have explored the efficacy of isotoosendanin (ITSN) for the treatment of NSCLC, and also explored the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS NSCLC cells were cultured, and colony formation, cell cycle as well as apoptosis assays have been conducted for investigating the biological functions of ITSN on NSCLC cells. Furthermore, target genes of ITSN have been predicted via PharmMapper and SuperPred database, subsequently validated using the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) approach, a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) as well as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis. Additionally, ubiquitination experiments have been conducted for the level of ubiquitination of the NSCLC cells. Finally, a nude mouse xenograft model has been established for evaluating the anti-tumor effects of ITSN in vivo. RESULTS ITSN has shown anti-NSCLC activities both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ITSN interacts with SHP-2 through enhancing its stability and decreases the level of ubiquitination. Notably, ITSN may regulate the behaviors of NSCLC cells via affecting the JAK/STAT3 signaling, and finally, the anti-tumor effects of ITSN was partially reversed by the application of SHP-2 inhibitor or siRNA of SHP-2. CONCLUSIONS ITSN may exert its anti-tumor effects by directly targeting SHP-2, increasing its stability and minimizing its ubiquitination. These results imply that ITSN could be a revolutionary component for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Shu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuling Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zhengyan Wu
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jianjie Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Zeyi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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Furlano PL, Böhmig GA, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Vietzen H. Mechanistic Understanding of EBV+Lymphoproliferative Disease Development After Transplantation. Transplantation 2024; 108:1867-1881. [PMID: 39166902 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are among the most common malignant complications after transplantation, leading to a drastic reduction in patient survival rates. The majority of PTLDs are tightly linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV+PTLDs) and are the result of an uncontrolled proliferation of EBV-infected cells. However, although EBV infections are a common finding in transplant recipients, most patients with high EBV loads will never develop EBV+PTLD. Natural killer cells and EBV-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes are critical for controlling EBV-infected cells, and the impairment of these cytotoxic immune responses facilitates the unfettered proliferation of EBV-infected cells. Recent years have seen a considerable increase in available literature aiming to describe novel risk factors associated with the development of EBV+PTLD, which may critically relate to the strength of EBV-specific natural killer cell and EBV-CD8+ T lymphocyte responses. The accumulation of risk factors and the increased risk of developing EBV+PTLD go hand in hand. On the one hand, most of these risk factors, such as the level of immunosuppression or the EBV donor and recipient serologic mismatch, and distinct genetic risk factors are host related and affect cytotoxic EBV-specific immune responses. On the other hand, there is growing evidence that distinct EBV variants may have an increased malignant potential and are thus more likely to induce EBV+PTLD. Here, we aim to review, from a mechanistic point of view, the risk factors for EBV+PTLD in the host and the infecting EBV variants that may explain why only a minority of transplant recipients develop EBV+PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georg A Böhmig
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hannes Vietzen
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Felix FA, Zhou J, Li D, Onodera S, Yu Q. Endogenous IL-22 contributes to the pathogenesis of salivary gland dysfunction in the non-obese diabetic model of Sjögren's syndrome. Mol Immunol 2024; 173:20-29. [PMID: 39018744 PMCID: PMC11343657 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Sjӧgren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease primarily targeting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Our previous investigations have shown that administration of interleukin-22 (IL-22), an IL-10 family cytokine known for its complex and context-dependent effects on tissues, either protective- or detrimental, to salivary glands leads to hypofunction and pathological changes of salivary glands in C57BL/6 mice and in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, the latter being a commonly used model of Sjӧgren's syndrome. This study aims to delineate the pathophysiological roles of endogenously produced IL-22 in the development of salivary gland pathologies and dysfunction associated with Sjӧgren's disease in the NOD mouse model. Our results reveal that neutralizing IL-22 offered a protective effect on salivary gland function without significantly affecting the immune cell infiltration of salivary glands or the autoantibody production. Blockade of IL-22 reduced the levels of phosphorylated STAT3 in salivary gland tissues of NOD mice, while its administration to salivary glands had the opposite effect. Correspondingly, the detrimental impact of exogenously applied IL-22 on salivary glands was almost completely abrogated by a specific STAT3 inhibitor. Moreover, IL-22 blockade led to a downregulation of protein amounts of Ten-Eleven-Translocation 2, a methylcytosine dioxygenase critical for mediating interferon-induced responses, in salivary gland epithelial cells. IL-22 neutralization also exerted a protective effect on the salivary gland epithelial cells that express high levels of surface EpCAM and bear the stem cell potential, and IL-22 treatment in vitro hampered the survival/expansion of these salivary gland stem cells, indicating a direct negative impact of IL-22 on these cells. In summary, this study has uncovered a critical pathogenic role of the endogenous IL-22 in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's disease-characteristic salivary gland dysfunction and provided initial evidence that this effect is dependent on STAT3 activation and potentially achieved through fostering Tet2-mediated interferon responses in salivary gland epithelial cells and negatively affecting the EpCAMhigh salivary gland stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Aragão Felix
- The ADA Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States; Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology, and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jing Zhou
- The ADA Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Dongfang Li
- The ADA Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda Misaki-chou, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Qing Yu
- The ADA Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States.
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Anim M, Sogkas G, Camacho-Ordonez N, Schmidt G, Elsayed A, Proietti M, Witte T, Grimbacher B, Atschekzei F. Novel hypermorphic variants in IRF2BP2 identified in patients with common variable immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. Clin Immunol 2024; 266:110326. [PMID: 39059757 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) is a transcriptional regulator, functioning a transcriptional corepressor by interacting with the interferon regulatory factor-2. The ubiquitous expression of IRF2BP2 by diverse cell types and tissues suggests its potential involvement in different cell signalling pathways. Variants inIRF2BP2have been recently identified to cause familial common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) characterized by immune dysregulation. This study investigated three rare novel variants inIRF2BP2, identified in patients with primary antibody deficiency and autoimmunity by whole exome-sequencing (WES). Following transient overexpression of EGFP-fused mutants in HEK293 cells and transfection in Jurkat cell lines, we used fluorescence microscopy, real-time PCR and Western blotting to analyze their effects on IRF2BP2 expression, subcellular localization, nuclear translocation of IRF2, and the transcriptional activation of NFκB1(p50). We found altered IRF2BP2 mRNA and protein expression levels in the mutants compared to the wild type after IRF2BP2 overexpression. In confocal fluorescence microscopy, variants in the C-terminal RING finger domain showed an irregular aggregate formation and distribution instead of the expected nuclear localization compared to the variants in the N-terminal zinc finger domain and their wildtype counterpart. Immunoblotting revealed an impaired IRF2 and NFκB1 (p50) nuclear localization in the mutants compared to the IRF2BP2 wildtype counterpart. LPS stimulation reduced IRF2BP2 mRNA expression in the variants compared to the wild type. Our findings significantly contribute to understanding the clinical significance of IRF2BP2 mutations in the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation. We observed impairment of the nuclear translocation of IRF2 and NFκB1 (p50) due to the upregulation of IRF2BP2, potentially affecting specific gene expressions involved in immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Anim
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Hannover Biomedical Research School (HBRS), Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nadezhda Camacho-Ordonez
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schmidt
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Abdulwahab Elsayed
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michele Proietti
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Hanover, Germany.; Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Witte
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Hanover, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Hanover, Germany.; Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany; DZIF - German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Germany
| | - Faranaz Atschekzei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Hanover, Germany..
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Naskar S, Sriraman N, Sarkar A, Mahajan N, Sarkar K. Tumor antigen presentation and the associated signal transduction during carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 261:155485. [PMID: 39088877 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Numerous developments have been achieved in the study and treatment of cancer throughout the decades that it has been common. After decades of research, about 100 different kinds of cancer have been found, each with unique subgroups within certain organs. This has significantly expanded our understanding of the illness. A mix of genetic, environmental, and behavioral variables contribute to the complicated and diverse process of cancer formation. Mutations, or changes in the DNA sequence, are crucial to the development of cancer. These mutations have the ability to downregulate the expression and function of Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC I) and MHCII receptors, as well as activate oncogenes and inactivate tumor suppressor genes. Cancer cells use this tactic to avoid being recognized by cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes, which causes issues with antigen presentation and processing. This review goes into great length into the PI3K pathway, changes to MHC I, and positive impacts of tsMHC-II on disease-free survival and overall survival and the involvement of dendritic cells (DCs) in different tumor microenvironments. The vital functions that the PI3K pathway and its link to the mTOR pathway are highlighted and difficulties in developing effective cancer targeted therapies and feedback systems has also been mentioned, where resistance mechanisms include RAS-mediated oncogenic changes and active PI3K signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohom Naskar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Nawaneetan Sriraman
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Nitika Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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Dhar P, Sominsky L, O'Hely M, Dawson S, Collier F, Tang MLK, Mansell T, Burgner D, Smith C, Hyde N, Downing K, Hesketh KD, Ponsonby AL, Vuillermin P. Physical activity and circulating inflammatory markers and cytokines during pregnancy: A population-based cohort study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:1808-1819. [PMID: 38924074 PMCID: PMC11324931 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has numerous benefits, which may be mediated via effects on the immune system. However, supportive evidence is inconsistent and is mainly from studies in high-risk groups. We estimated the effect of PA during pregnancy on systemic inflammatory markers and cytokines in mothers recruited in the Barwon infant study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Barwon infant study is a prebirth cohort of 1064 mothers recruited in the Barwon Region of Victoria, Australia. Participants reported their previous week's PA at their 28-week antenatal appointment using the International PA Questionnaire. Women were grouped into low, moderate, and high PA categories based on daily duration and weekly frequency of walking, moderate- or vigorous-intensity PA. Women reporting moderate levels of PA, consistent with current recommendations, served as the comparison group. Markers of systemic inflammation, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), and 17 cytokines were measured at 28 weeks gestation and log transformed as appropriate. Regression analyses adjusted for maternal smoking, gestational diabetes mellitus, prepregnancy BMI, and household size were performed. RESULTS Compared to women in the moderate group (n = 371, 42%), women reporting low PA (n = 436, 50%) had 10.1% higher hsCRP (95% CI (3.7% to 16.6%), p < 0.01) while women in high PA (n = 76, 9%) had a 14% higher hsCRP (95% CI (3.1% to 24.8%), p = 0.01). Women in the high PA category had higher interleukin (IL)-4 (q = 0.03) and IL-9 (q = 0.03) levels compared to those in moderate category. Each vigorous MET minute/week was associated with lower GlycA (β = -0.004, 95% CI (-0.044 to 0.035); p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Low and high PA are each associated with higher hsCRP than moderate PA, suggesting that undertaking the recommended moderate PA during pregnancy decreases systemic inflammation. High PA affects T cell-associated cytokines during pregnancy. Evidence from our study suggests that PA can modulate the immune responses during pregnancy. Studies are now required to assess whether PA during pregnancy impacts maternal and infant clinical outcomes by modifying inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poshmaal Dhar
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luba Sominsky
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin O'Hely
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha Dawson
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Collier
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Smith
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Hyde
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Downing
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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227
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Hosaka N. Thymus transplantation as immunotherapy for the enhancement and/or correction of T cell function. Med Mol Morphol 2024; 57:155-160. [PMID: 38935299 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-024-00394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The thymus is where T cells, among the most important immune cells involved in biological defense and homeostasis, are produced and developed. The thymus plays an important role in the defense against infection and cancer as well as the prevention of autoimmune diseases. However, the thymus gland atrophies with age, which might have pathological functions, and in some circumstances, there is a congenital defect in the thymus. These can be the cause of many diseases related to the dysregulation of T cell functions. Thus, the enhancement and/or normalization of thymic function may lead to protection against and treatment of a wide variety of diseases. Therefore, thymus transplantation is considered a strong candidate for permanent treatment. The status and issues related to thymus transplantation for possible immunotherapy are discussed although it is still at an early stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hosaka
- Department of Pathology, Fuchu Hospital, 1-10-7 Hiko-Cho, Izumi, Osaka, 594-0076, Japan.
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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Ibrahim A, Saleem N, Naseer F, Ahmed S, Munawar N, Nawaz R. From cytokines to chemokines: Understanding inflammatory signaling in bacterial meningitis. Mol Immunol 2024; 173:117-126. [PMID: 39116800 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is a serious central nervous system (CNS) infection, claiming millions of human lives annually around the globe. The deadly infection involves severe inflammation of the protective sheath of the brain, i.e., meninges, and sometimes also consists of the brain tissue, called meningoencephalitis. Several inflammatory pathways involved in the pathogenesis of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus suis, etc. are mentioned in the scientific literature. Many in-vitro and in-vivo analyses have shown that after the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), these pathogens trigger several inflammatory pathways including Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) signaling in response to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor-mediated signaling, pneumolysin related signaling, NF-κB signaling and many other pathways that lead to pro-inflammatory cascade and subsequent cytokine release including interleukine (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) along with other mediators, leading to neuroinflammation. The activation of another protein complex, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, also takes place resulting in the maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18, hence potentiating neuroinflammation. This review aims to outline the inflammatory signaling pathways associated with the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis leading to extensive pathological changes in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and other central nervous system cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Ibrahim
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nida Saleem
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Naseer
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sagheer Ahmed
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nayla Munawar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rukhsana Nawaz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Minote M, Sato W, Kimura K, Kimura A, Lin Y, Okamoto T, Takahashi R, Yamamura T. High frequency of circulating non-classical monocytes is associated with stable remission in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Immunol Med 2024; 47:151-165. [PMID: 38539051 PMCID: PMC11346389 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2024.2331271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
'No evidence of disease activity (NEDA)', judged by clinical and radiological findings, is a therapeutic goal in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is, however, unclear if distinct biological mechanisms contribute to the maintenance of NEDA. To clarify the immunological background of long-term disease stability defined by NEDA, circulating immune cell subsets in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) were analyzed using flow cytometry. Patients showing long-term NEDA (n = 31) had significantly higher frequencies of non-classical monocytes (NCMs) (6.1% vs 1.4%) and activated regulatory T cells (Tregs; 2.1% vs 1.6%) than those with evidence of disease activity (n = 8). The NCM frequency and NCMs to classical monocytes ratio (NCM/CM) positively correlated with activated Treg frequency and duration of NEDA. Co-culture assays demonstrated that NCMs could increase the frequency of activated Tregs and the expression of PD-L1, contributing to development of Tregs, was particularly high in NCMs from patients with NEDA. Collectively, NCMs contribute to stable remission in patients with RRMS, possibly by increasing activated Treg frequency. In addition, the NCM frequency and NCM/CM ratio had high predictive values for disease stability (AUC = 0.97 and 0.94, respectively), suggesting these markers are potential predictors of a long-term NEDA status in RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Minote
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wakiro Sato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Section of Research and Development Strategy, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Kimura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kimura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Youwei Lin
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okamoto
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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Liu JQ, Jabbari A, Lin CH, Akkanapally V, Frankel WL, Basu S, He K, Zheng P, Liu Y, Bai XF. IL-27 Gene Therapy Ameliorates IPEX Syndrome Caused by Germline Mutation of Foxp3 Gene: A Major Role for Induction of IL-10. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:559-566. [PMID: 38975727 PMCID: PMC11333164 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations of Foxp3, the master regulator of regulatory T cell development and function, lead to immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome in mice and humans. IPEX is a fatal autoimmune disease, with allogeneic stem cell transplant being the only available therapy. In this study, we report that a single dose of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-IL-27 to young mice with naturally occurring Foxp3 mutation (Scurfy mice) substantially ameliorates clinical symptoms, including growth retardation and early fatality. Correspondingly, AAV-IL-27 gene therapy significantly prevented naive T cell activation, as manifested by downregulation of CD62L and upregulation of CD44, and immunopathology typical of IPEX. Because IL-27 is known to induce IL-10, a key effector molecule of regulatory T cells, we evaluated the contribution of IL-10 induction by crossing IL-10-null allele to Scurfy mice. Although IL-10 deficiency does not affect the survival of Scurfy mice, it largely abrogated the therapeutic effect of AAV-IL-27. Our study revealed a major role for IL-10 in AAV-IL-27 gene therapy and demonstrated that IPEX is amenable to gene therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Mice
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Germ-Line Mutation
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/therapy
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/immunology
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/genetics
- Diarrhea/genetics
- Diarrhea/therapy
- Diarrhea/immunology
- Intestinal Diseases/immunology
- Intestinal Diseases/genetics
- Intestinal Diseases/therapy
- Dependovirus/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Immune System Diseases/immunology
- Immune System Diseases/therapy
- Immune System Diseases/genetics
- Immune System Diseases/congenital
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/congenital
- Mice, Knockout
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Humans
- Interleukin-27/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Qing Liu
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Cho-Hao Lin
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Venu Akkanapally
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wendy L. Frankel
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sujit Basu
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kai He
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pan Zheng
- OncoC4, Inc., 640 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- OncoC4, Inc., 640 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Xue-Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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231
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Elahimanesh M, Shokri N, Mohammadi P, Parvaz N, Najafi M. Step by step analysis on gene datasets of growth phases in hematopoietic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101737. [PMID: 38881758 PMCID: PMC11176649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (UCB-HSCs) have important roles in the treatment of illnesses based on their self-renewal and potency characteristics. Knowing the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in each step of the cell cycle could improve the therapeutic approaches of HSCs. The aim of this study was to predict the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Methods Interventional (n = 8) and non-interventional (n = 3) datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and were crossed and analyzed to determine the high- and low-express genes related to each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Then, the scores of STRING were annotated to the gene data. The gene networks were constructed using Cytoscape software, and enriched with the KEGG and GO databases. Results The high- and low-express genes were determined due to inter and intra intersections of the interventional and non-interventional data. The non-interventional data were applied to construct the gene networks (n = 6) with the nodes improved using the interventional data. Several important signaling pathways were suggested in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages. Conclusion The data revealed that the different signaling pathways are activated in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages so that their genes may be targeted to improve the HSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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232
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Zhang Y, Xu W, Peng C, Ren S, Mustafe Hidig S, Zhang C. Exploring the role of m7G modification in Cancer: Mechanisms, regulatory proteins, and biomarker potential. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111288. [PMID: 38971569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The dysregulation of N(7)-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of cancers. Aberrant expression of these regulatory proteins in various cancers, including lung, liver, and bladder cancers, suggests a universal role in tumorigenesis. Studies have established a strong correlation between the expression levels of m7G regulatory proteins, such as Methyltransferase like 1 (METTL1) and WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4), and clinical parameters including tumor stage, grade, and patient prognosis. For example, in hepatocellular carcinoma, high METTL1 expression is associated with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. Similarly, WDR4 overexpression in colorectal cancer correlates with increased tumor invasiveness and reduced patient survival. This correlation underscores the potential of these proteins as valuable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, m7G modification regulatory proteins influence cancer progression by modulating the expression of target genes involved in critical biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Their ability to regulate these processes highlights their significance in the intricate network of molecular interactions driving tumor development and metastasis. Given their pivotal role in cancer biology, m7G modification regulatory proteins are emerging as promising therapeutic targets. Targeting these proteins could offer a novel approach to disrupt the malignant behavior of cancer cells and enhance treatment outcomes. Furthermore, their diagnostic and prognostic value could aid in the early detection of cancer and the selection of appropriate therapeutic strategies, ultimately enhancing patient management and survival rates. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of action of RNA m7G modification regulatory proteins in tumors and their potential applications in cancer progression and treatment. By delving into the roles of these regulatory proteins, we intend to provide a theoretical foundation for the development of novel cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihao Xu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanhui Peng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenli Ren
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sakarie Mustafe Hidig
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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233
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Peng L, Liu W, Cheng Y, Chen L, Shen Z. IL-17A/F double producing T cells, unstable Tregs and quiescent TRMs in clinically healed lesions are potential cellular candidates for recurrence of psoriasis. Clin Immunol 2024; 266:110328. [PMID: 39067676 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Biological antibodies targeting key cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-23 have revolutionized psoriasis outcome. However, the recurrence remains an urgent challenge to be addressed. Currently, most of the descriptions of skin T-cell characteristics in psoriasis are derived from lesional and non-lesional skin, and their characteristics in resolved lesions (clinically healed lesions) remain vague. In order to further elucidate the cellular mechanism of recurrence, we performed single-cell sequencing and multiplexed immunohistochemical staining of T-cell subsets in autologous resolved lesion (RL), on-site recurrent psoriatic lesion (PL), and adjacent normal-appearing skin (NS) of psoriasis. By comparing with PL and NS tissues, we identified three potential cellular candidates for recurrence in clinically healed lesions: IL-17A/F double producing T cells, unstable Tregs and quiescent TRMs. Our results provide research clues for elucidating the immunological recurrence mechanism of psoriasis, and further work is needed to deepen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Affiliated Hospital of Medicine School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yufan Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Zhu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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234
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Ruan W, Zhou X, Liu H, Wang T, Zhang G, Lin K. Causal role of circulating inflammatory cytokines in cardiac diseases, structure and function. Heart Lung 2024; 67:70-79. [PMID: 38714139 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis, but causal roles of specific circulating inflammatory cytokines remain unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are well-poised to provide etiological insights beyond constraints of conventional research. METHODS We conducted a large-scale MR study to investigate potential causal relationships of 91 inflammatory proteins with CVD outcomes and cardiac remodeling using summary-level genetic data. Outcomes included coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, abdominal aortic aneurysm, deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities, pulmonary embolism, cardiac structure and functional parameters. Inverse-variance weighted analysis was undertaken as the primary analysis, with several sensitivity analyses applied. RESULTS Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) demonstrated a causal relationship with increased susceptibility to both any stroke (OR 1.111; 95 % CI 1.044 - 1.183; P = 9.50e-04) and ischemic stroke (OR 1.121; 95 % CI 1.047 - 1.200; P = 1.04e-03). Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) was negatively associated with atrial fibrillation risk (OR 0.936, 95 % CI 0.901 - 0.973; P = 7.69e-04). CCL20, CDCP1, Flt3L and IL-10RA were identified as causal coronary artery disease risk factors, while LIF and ST1A1 had protective effects. IL-4 and LIF-R demonstrated causal links with right heart functional changes. CONCLUSIONS Our MR study nominates specific circulating inflammatory cytokines as potential targets for CVD treatment and prevention. Further research into mechanisms and clinical translation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China.
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Pu X, Zhang Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Guan X, Wu Q, Liu Z, Liu R, Chang X. Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates heart failure through DUSP-1-TMBIM-6-mediated mitochondrial quality control and gut flora interactions. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155880. [PMID: 39053246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no specific therapeutic drug available for heart failure in clinical practice. Numerous studies have validated the efficacy of Ginsenoside Rb1, an active component found in various herbal remedies used for heart failure treatment, in effectively ameliorating myocardial ischemia. However, the precise mechanism of action and molecular targets of Ginsenoside Rb1 remain unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms through which Ginsenoside Rb1 synergistically modulates the gut flora and mitochondrial quality control network in heart failure by targeting the DUSP-1-TMBIM-6-VDAC1 axis. STUDY DESIGN This study utilized DUSP-1/VDAC1 knockout (DUSP-1-/-/VDAC1-/-) and DUSP-1/VDAC1 transgenic (DUSP-1+/+/VDAC1+/+) mouse models of heart failure, established through Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC) surgery and genetic modification techniques. The mice were subsequently subjected to treatment with Ginsenoside Rb1. METHODS A series of follow-up multi-omics analyses were conducted, including assessments of intestinal flora, gene transcription sequencing, single-cell databases, and molecular biology assays of primary cardiomyocytes, to investigate the mechanism of action of Ginsenoside Rb1. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rb1 was found to have multiple regulatory mechanisms on mitochondria. Notably, DUSP-1 was discovered to be a crucial molecular target of Ginsenoside Rb1, controlling both intestinal flora and mitochondrial function. The regulatory effects of DUSP-1 on inflammation and mitochondrial quality control were mediated by changes in TMBIM-6 and VDAC1. Furthermore, NLRP3-mediated inflammatory responses were found to interact with mitochondrial quality control, exacerbating myocardial injury under stress conditions. Ginsenoside Rb1 modulated the DUSP-1-TMBIM-6-VDAC1 axis, inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory factors, altered the structural composition of the gut flora, and protected impaired heart function. These effects indirectly influenced the crosstalk between inflammation, mitochondria, and gut flora. CONCLUSION The DUSP-1-TMBIM-6-VDAC1 axis, an upstream pathway regulated by Ginsenoside Rb1, is a profound mechanism through which Ginsenoside Rb1 improves cardiac function in heart failure by modulating inflammation, mitochondria, and gut flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Pu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xuanke Guan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qiaomin Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Gu Q, Yin S, Tong X, Rui F, Zhu Y, Ma X, Huang R, Wu C, Li J. Current research insights into the role of CTLA-4 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. J Viral Hepat 2024; 31:557-564. [PMID: 38771314 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global public health concern, and the clearance of HBV is closely linked to the activity of HBV-specific T cells, which is regulated by various co-suppressor molecules. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is among these co-suppressor molecules which induces T cell exhaustion by competitively inhibiting CD28 and dampening the function of HBV-specific T cells. CTLA-4 also plays a role in the regulation of T helper (Th) cell differentiation and influences cytokine release. In addition, CTLA-4 can impact glucose metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma through its interaction with T regulatory (Treg) cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature related to the role of CTLA-4 in HBV patients across different subsets of T cells. Additionally, we propose a discussion on the possible mechanisms through which CTLA-4 may contribute to HBV infection, as well as the development of HBV-induced cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengxia Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fajuan Rui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixuan Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hao R, Zhao M, Tayyab M, Lin Z, Zhang Y. The mucosal immunity in crustaceans: Inferences from other species. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109785. [PMID: 39053584 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Crustaceans such as shrimps and crabs, hold significant ecological significance and substantial economic value within marine ecosystems. However, their susceptibility to disease outbreaks and pathogenic infections has posed major challenges to production in recent decades. As invertebrate, crustaceans primarily rely on their innate immune system for defense, lacking the adaptive immune system found in vertebrates. Mucosal immunity, acting as the frontline defense against a myriad of pathogenic microorganisms, is a crucial aspect of their immune repertoire. This review synthesizes insights from comparative immunology, highlighting parallels between mucosal immunity in vertebrates and innate immune mechanisms in invertebrates. Despite lacking classical adaptive immunity, invertebrates, including crustaceans, exhibit immune memory and rely on inherent "innate immunity factors" to combat invading pathogens. Drawing on parallels from mammalian and piscine systems, this paper meticulously explores the complex role of mucosal immunity in regulating immune responses in crustaceans. Through the extrapolation from well-studied models like mammals and fish, this review infers the potential mechanisms of mucosal immunity in crustaceans and provides insights for research on mucosal immunity in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology and Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Bürgler A, Luyten A, Glick S, Kwiatkowski M, Gehrig R, Beigi M, Hartmann K, Eeftens M. Association between short-term pollen exposure and blood pressure in adults: A repeated-measures study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119224. [PMID: 38797464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have related high pollen concentrations to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet very little research concerns pre-clinical cardiovascular health, including effects on blood pressure (BP). The EPOCHAL panel study investigated the exposure-response relationship between ambient pollen exposure and systolic and diastolic BP in adults. METHODS BP was measured in 302 adults with and in 94 without pollen allergy during the pollen season, on approximately 16 days per person (6253 observations). Average individually-relevant pollen exposure in the 96 h prior to each BP measurement was calculated by summing up the averages of all ambient pollen concentrations to which the individual was found to be sensitized in a skin prick test, and which originated from seven highly allergenic pollen types (hazel, alder, birch, ash, grasses, mugwort and ragweed). Generalized additive mixed models were used to study the association between mean individually-relevant pollen exposure in the last 96 h and BP, adjusting for individual and environmental time-varying covariates. Effect modification by pollen allergy status, sex and BMI was evaluated. RESULTS Positive non-linear associations between individually-relevant pollen exposure and both systolic and diastolic BP were found in the allergic but not in the non-allergic group. BP increased sharply for exposures from zero to 60/80 pollen/m3 (diastolic/systolic BP), followed by a tempered further increase at higher concentrations. Increases of 2.00 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-3.19] in systolic and 1.51 mmHg [95% CI: 0.58-2.45] in diastolic BP were associated with 96-h average pollen exposure of 400 pollen/m3, compared to no exposure. Obesity and female sex were associated with larger BP increases. CONCLUSIONS The finding that short-term pollen concentration is associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in persons with pollen allergy strengthens the evidence that pollen may cause systemic health effects and trigger cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bürgler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Axel Luyten
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Glick
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marek Kwiatkowski
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regula Gehrig
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Switzerland
| | - Minaya Beigi
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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239
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Cui Y, Rolova T, Fagerholm SC. The role of integrins in brain health and neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151441. [PMID: 39002282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric membrane proteins expressed on the surface of most cells. They mediate adhesion and signaling processes relevant for a wealth of physiological processes, including nervous system development and function. Interestingly, integrins are also recognized therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. Here, we discuss the role of integrins in brain development and function, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases affecting the brain (Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke). Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic targeting of these adhesion receptors in inflammatory diseases of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Cui
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Susanna C Fagerholm
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00790, Finland.
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240
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Zhang M, Wang X, Wu J, Wang Q, Cui H, Chen X, Zhao Z, Liu S, Ye S. Preparation empty peptide-receptive MHC class I complex for large-scale detection through photolabile peptide ligands. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133781. [PMID: 38992528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimers are wide recognized as the premier technique for detecting, characterizing, and isolating antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell subsets. These multimers are specifically useful in studying infections, autoimmune conditions, and cancer through single-cell analysis techniques such as flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. However, the development of high-throughput assays with commercially available pMHC tetramers can be expensive, while in-house production may pose challenges for most biology research laboratories. In this context, we introduce a cost-friendly and uncomplicated protocol to prepare empty MHC class I tetramers using disulfide-stabilized molecules and photolabile peptide ligands. Our method relies on disulfide bond-stabilized MHC-I molecules, which demonstrated stability when folded into stable monomers in the presence of a photolabile epitope. These monomers, upon ultraviolet irradiation and streptavidin binding, efficiently assemble into tetramers devoid of any peptide. Following a short incubation with the peptide of interest under gentle conditions, the resulting pMHC tetramer effectively detects patient-sourced, neoantigen-specific T cells. Our unique approach streamlines large-scale pMHC generation, thus paving the way for advancements in T cell-based diagnostics and personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangyao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haozhe Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- The Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Si Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Sheng Ye
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
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241
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Gao J, Lan T, Kostallari E, Guo Y, Lai E, Guillot A, Ding B, Tacke F, Tang C, Shah VH. Angiocrine signaling in sinusoidal homeostasis and liver diseases. J Hepatol 2024; 81:543-561. [PMID: 38763358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The hepatic sinusoids are composed of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), which are surrounded by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and contain liver-resident macrophages called Kupffer cells, and other patrolling immune cells. All these cells communicate with each other and with hepatocytes to maintain sinusoidal homeostasis and a spectrum of hepatic functions under healthy conditions. Sinusoidal homeostasis is disrupted by metabolites, toxins, viruses, and other pathological factors, leading to liver injury, chronic liver diseases, and cirrhosis. Alterations in hepatic sinusoids are linked to fibrosis progression and portal hypertension. LSECs are crucial regulators of cellular crosstalk within their microenvironment via angiocrine signaling. This review discusses the mechanisms by which angiocrine signaling orchestrates sinusoidal homeostasis, as well as the development of liver diseases. Here, we summarise the crosstalk between LSECs, HSCs, hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and immune cells in health and disease and comment on potential novel therapeutic methods for treating liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Gao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enis Kostallari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yangkun Guo
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Enjiang Lai
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Adrien Guillot
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bisen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Temiz SA, Dursun R, Fındık S, Ataseven A, Işık B, Özer İ. The relationship between TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, IL-36 expression and treatment response in psoriasis histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:182-189. [PMID: 39018470 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2024.2380310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM There is no marker that can predict whether there is resistance to treatment in patients with psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the staining rates of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36 markers immunohistochemically from cutaneous biopsy and the treatment success. METHODS The patients who were followed up in the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris and received biological treatment and previously had cutaneous biopsy were included in the study. The cutaneous biopsies of the cases that met the conditions were re-sectioned and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36. RESULTS Comparing the staining scores with psoriasis area severity index (PASI); A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and TNF-α staining score (p = 0.034). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and IL-17 staining score (p = 0.004). When the staining scores and PASI response rates of psoriasis treatment were evaluated in terms of correlation; there was a positive correlation between TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23 immunohistochemical staining rates and PASI response rates. CONCLUSIONS In line with the data obtained from our study, we think that making immunohistochemical scoring before the biological treatment decision in psoriasis patients will be beneficial in treatment selection. In this respect, our study may open a new era in the selection of biological treatments for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selami Aykut Temiz
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Recep Dursun
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sıddıka Fındık
- Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ataseven
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Begüm Işık
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - İlkay Özer
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
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Sheemar A, Goel P, Thakur PS, Takkar B, Kaur I, Rani PK, Tyagi M, Basu S, Venkatesh P. Diabetes, Diabetic Retinopathy, and Inflammatory Disorders. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:1155-1168. [PMID: 37159104 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2203742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the impact of systemic and ocular inflammatory disorders on diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Local inflammation is a key pathology in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and is also an evolving target for clinical therapy. The legacy effects of local inflammation at the intracellular level make DR a persistent self-driven vicious process. Ocular inflammation is accompanied as well as incited by systemic inflammation due to diabetes mellitus (DM) itself. Over the years, a multitude of studies have evaluated the impact of systemic inflammatory disorders (SIDs, like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, etc.) and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed for managing them on manifestations of DM. Recent studies have indicated increased insulin resistance to be a result of chronic inflammation, and the anti-inflammatory drugs to have a protective effect towards DM. Very few studies have evaluated the impact of SIDs on DR. Furthermore, the evidence from these studies is conflicting, and while local anti-inflammatory therapy has shown a lot of clinical potential for use in DR, the results of systemic anti-inflammatory therapies have been inconsistent. The impact of local ocular inflammation due to uveitis on DR is a crucial aspect that has not been evaluated well at present. Initial pre-clinical studies and small-sized clinical reports have shown a strong and positive relationship between the presence of uveitis and the severity of DR as well as its progression, while larger cross-sectional patient surveys have refuted the same. The long term impact of ocular inflammation due to uveitis on DR needs to be studied while adjusting for confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sheemar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Pallavi Goel
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Brijesh Takkar
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Padmaja K Rani
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mudit Tyagi
- Uveitis Services, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Soumyava Basu
- Uveitis Services, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pradeep Venkatesh
- Dr. RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Dietary glutamine supports mucosal germinal center B cell lymphomas. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1524-1525. [PMID: 39039271 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
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245
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Sellaththurai SR, Jung S, Nadarajapillai K, Kim MJ, Lee J. Functional characterization of irf3 against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus infection using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated zebrafish knockout model. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 158:105208. [PMID: 38834141 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are transcription factors involved in immune responses, such as pathogen response regulation, immune cell growth, and differentiation. IRFs are necessary for the synthesis of type I interferons through a signaling cascade when pathogen recognition receptors identify viral DNA or RNA. We discovered that irf3 is expressed in the early embryonic stages and in all immune organs of adult zebrafish. We demonstrated the antiviral immune mechanism of Irf3 against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout zebrafish (irf3-KO). In this study, we used a truncated Irf3 protein, encoded by irf3 with a 10 bp deletion, for further investigation. Upon VHSV injection, irf3-KO zebrafish showed dose-dependent high and early mortality compared with zebrafish with the wild-type Irf3 protein (WT), confirming the antiviral activity of Irf3. Based on the results of expression analysis of downstream genes upon VHSV challenge, we inferred that Irf3 deficiency substantially affects the expression of ifnphi1 and ifnphi2. However, after 5 days post infection (dpi), ifnphi3 expression was not significantly altered in irf3-KO compared to that in WT, and irf7 transcription showed a considerable increase in irf3-KO after 5 dpi, indicating irf7's control over ifnphi3 expression. The significantly reduced expression of isg15, viperin, mxa, and mxb at 3 dpi also supported the effect of Irf3 deficiency on the antiviral activity in the early stage of infection. The higher mortality in irf3-KO zebrafish than in WT might be due to an increased inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in irf3-KO because of delayed immune response. Our results suggest that Irf3 plays a role in antiviral immunity of zebrafish by modulating critical immune signaling molecules and regulating antiviral immune genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarithaa Raguvaran Sellaththurai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Life Research Institute, Kidang Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Kishanthini Nadarajapillai
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Life Research Institute, Kidang Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Das M, Mondal S, Ghosh R, Darbar S, Roy L, Das AK, Pal D, Bhattacharya SS, Mallick AK, Kundu JK, Pal SK. A study of scarless wound healing through programmed inflammation, proliferation and maturation using a redox balancing nanogel. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1594-1611. [PMID: 38545912 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the study, we have shown the efficacy of an indigenously developed redox balancing chitosan gel with impregnated citrate capped Mn3O4 nanoparticles (nanogel). Application of the nanogel on a wound of preclinical mice model shows role of various signaling molecules and growth factors, and involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at every stage, namely hemostasis, inflammation, and proliferation leading to complete maturation for the scarless wound healing. While in vitro characterization of nanogel using SEM, EDAX, and optical spectroscopy reveals pH regulated redox buffering capacity, in vivo preclinical studies on Swiss albino involving IL-12, IFN-γ, and α-SMA signaling molecules and detailed histopathological investigation and angiogenesis on every stage elucidate role of redox buffering for the complete wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research and Development Division, Dey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Ltd, Kolkata, India
| | - Lopamudra Roy
- Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Department of Pathology, Coochbehar Government Medical College and Hospital, India
| | - Debasish Pal
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
| | | | - Asim Kumar Mallick
- Department of Pediatrics, Nil RatanSircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
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Schenone C, Pacini G, Gotelli E, Hysa E, Campitiello R, Sammorì S, Paolino S, Sulli A, Cutolo M. Updating on pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:1041-1052. [PMID: 38748553 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2356164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most prevalent autoimmune disease in reproductive years, exhibits a higher incidence in females, suggesting involvement of estrogens, genetics and environmental factors in disease onset. Literature shows smaller families in RA patients, driving increased interest in Assisted Reproductive Techniques. AREAS COVERED This review elucidates how immunotolerance mechanisms contribute to favorable pregnancy outcomes in RA, emphasizing the need for a careful pregnancy planning to mitigate fetal complications and postnatal flares, which surpass those in the general population. A thorough medication evaluation, orchestrated by a multidisciplinary team, is imperative during pregnancy, weighing potential teratogenic effects against safer alternatives to balance medication safety with disease control. A systematic literature search on PubMed and MEDLINE, using specific terms, covered relevant academic journals up to the latest date. EXPERT OPINION This narrative review comprehensively addresses pregnancy-related considerations in RA patients, prioritizing meticulous disease management with pregnancy and breastfeeding-compatible drugs in line with the latest recommendations and registry data. The focus remains on evaluating glucocorticoids, conventional, and biological disease-modifying drugs for compatibility during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Additionally, the evolving landscape of targeted synthetic drugs during pregnancy is explored, providing insights into the latest developments in rheumatological care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Schenone
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Greta Pacini
- Rheumatology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuele Gotelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elvis Hysa
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosanna Campitiello
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Sammorì
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Paolino
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Sulli
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Zhang K, Wang ZC, Sun H, Long H, Wang Y. Esculentoside H reduces the PANoptosis and protects the blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through the TLE1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114850. [PMID: 38857750 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) plays a role in the destruction of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cell death after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R). Esculentoside H (EH) is a saponin found in Phytolacca esculenta. It can block JNK1/2 and NF-κB signal mediated expression of MMP9. In this study, we determined whether EH can protect against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting MMP9 and elucidated the underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS Male SD rats were used to construct middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. We determined the effect of EH on MMP9 inhibition, BBB destruction, neuronal death, PANoptosis, infarct volume, and the protective factor TLE1. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) infection was used to establish TLE1 gene overexpression and knockdown rats, which were used to determine the function. LY294002 was used to determine the role of PI3K/AKT signaling in TLE1 function. KEY FINDINGS After EH treatment, MMP9 expression, BBB destruction, neuronal death, and infarct volume decreased. We found that TLE1 expression decreased obviously after cerebral I/R. TLE1-overexpressing rats revealed distinct protective effects to cerebral I/R injury. After treatment with LY294002, the protective effect was inhibited. The curative effect of EH also decreased when TLE1 was knocked down. SIGNIFICANCE EH alleviates PANoptosis and protects BBB after cerebral I/R via the TLE1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings reveal a novel strategy and new target for treating cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Urology, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongxue Sun
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huimin Long
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Urology, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yingju Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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249
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Cao W, Xie Y, Cai L, Wang M, Chen Z, Wang Z, Xv J, Wang Y, Li R, Liu X, Wang W. Pan‑cancer analysis on the role of KMT2C expression in tumor progression and immunotherapy. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:444. [PMID: 39091583 PMCID: PMC11292467 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) is involved in transcriptional regulation and DNA damage repair. Mutations in KMT2C have been implicated in the progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of multiple cancer types. However, the roles of KMT2C in the regulation of tumor prognosis, immune cell infiltration and the immune microenvironment in these multiple cancer types remain unclear. Therefore, in the present study, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases were used for KMT2C expression analyses. Kaplan-Meier and univariate Cox regression analyses were also performed to investigate the prognostic role of KMT2C. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to study the KMT2C-related signaling pathways. Tumor immune estimation resource 2 and single-sample GSEA were conducted to investigate the correlation between KMT2C expression and immune cell infiltrations, and Spearman's analysis was conducted to study the correlations among KMT2C, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune regulators, chemokines and immune receptors. Immunohistochemistry of patient kidney tumor samples was performed to verify the correlation between KMT2C and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Finally, RNA interference, wound healing and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of KMT2C expression on cell proliferation and metastasis. The results of the present study demonstrated that KMT2C was highly expressed in multiple cancer types, was a protective factor in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, and a risk factor for lung squamous cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma. In addition, KMT2C levels were negatively correlated with immune-activated pathways and the infiltration of immune cells, and positively correlated with inhibitory immune factors and tumor angiogenesis. Patients with low KMT2C expression had higher objective response rates to immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity analysis indicated that topoisomerase, histone deacetylase, DOT1-like histone H3K79 methyltransferase and G9A nuclear histone lysine methyltransferase inhibitors could potentially be used to treat tumors with high KMT2C expression levels. Finally, the KMT2C and PD-L1 expression levels were shown to be positively correlated, and KMT2C knockdown markedly promoted the proliferation and invasion capacities of A549 cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed that low KMT2C expression may be a promising biomarker for predicting the response of patients with cancer to immunotherapy. Conversely, high KMT2C expression was shown to promote tumor angiogenesis, which may contribute to the formation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Li Cai
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Mengqing Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoying Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Ziteng Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Xv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wenliang Wang
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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250
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Nguyen AA, Platt CD. Flow Cytometry-based Immune Phenotyping of T and B Lymphocytes in the Evaluation of Immunodeficiency and Immune Dysregulation. Clin Lab Med 2024; 44:479-493. [PMID: 39089753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
There are approximately 500 congenital disorders that impair immune cell development and/or function. Patients with these disorders may present with a wide range of symptoms, including increased susceptibility to infection, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, lymphoproliferation, and/or atopy. Flow cytometry-based immune phenotyping of T and B lymphocytes plays an essential role in the evaluation of patients with these presentations. In this review, we describe the clinical utility of flow cytometry as part of a comprehensive evaluation of immune function and how this testing may be used as a diagnostic tool to identify underlying aberrant immune pathways, monitor disease activity, and assess infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan A Nguyen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Fegan Building 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Blackfan Circle, Karp Building 10th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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