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Roshanravan B, Yousefizadeh S, Apaydin Yildirim B, Farkhondeh T, Amirabadizadeh A, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Samarghandian S. The effects of Berberis vulgaris L. and Berberis aristata L. in metabolic syndrome patients: a systematic and meta-analysis study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:393-404. [PMID: 33040642 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1828482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This meta-analysis study assessed the effects of Berberis vulgaris L. and Berberis aristata L. in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS Data were analysed through "random-effects meta-regression" performance. RESULTS The findings indicated that LDL was 0.68 and 2.92 lower in the B. vulgaris L. and B. aristata L.-treated groups versus the controls. The HDL was 0.71-fold higher in the B. aristata L.-treated group versus the controls. The total-cholesterol levels were 1.02 and 2.25 folds lower in the B. vulgaris L. and B. aristata L.-treated groups versus the matched control groups. The triglyceride levels were 1.35 and 1.16-fold lower in the B. vulgaris L. and B. aristata L.-treated groups versus the controls. Glucose was 0.96 and 0.54 folds lower in the B. vulgaris L. and B. aristata L.-treated groups versus the control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION B. vulgaris L. and B. aristata L. have beneficial effects in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Roshanravan
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Yousefizadeh
- Department of Laboratory and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Para-Veterinary, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Betul Apaydin Yildirim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadizadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Chaieb K, Kouidhi B, Ayed L, Bakr Hosawi S, Abdulbaqi Abdulhakim J, Hajri A, Altayb HN. Enhanced textile dye removal from wastewater using natural biosorbent and Shewanella algae B29: Application of Box Behnken design and genomic approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128755. [PMID: 36801445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Box-Behnken design combining seven factors at three levels were used to optimize the elimination of CI Reactive Red 66 in artificial seawater, by the combination of eco-friendly bio-sorbents and acclimated halotolerant microbial strain. Results showed that macro-algae and cuttlebone (2 %) were the best natural bio-sorbent. Additionally, the selected halotolerant strain able to rapidly remove dye was identified as Shewanella algae B29. The optimization process revealed that decolourization of CI Reactive Red 66 yields reached 91.04 % under the following variable values: dyes concentration (100 mg/l), salinity (30 g/l), peptone (2 %), pH (5), algae C (3 %), cuttlebone (1.5 %) and agitation (150 rpm). The whole genome analysis of S. algae B29 demonstrated the presence of several genes coding for valuable enzymes involved in textile dyes biotransformation, adaptation to stress as well as biofilm formation implying its potential use in biological textile wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Chaieb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bochra Kouidhi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environmental and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Ayed
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environmental and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salman Bakr Hosawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Azhar Hajri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (UR17ES27), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Jendouba University, Tunisia
| | - Hisham N Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Rahbarghazi A, Alamdari KA, Rahbarghazi R, Salehi-Pourmehr H. Co-administration of exercise training and melatonin on the function of diabetic heart tissue: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent models. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:67. [PMID: 37005639 PMCID: PMC10067225 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes mellitus (DM), a hyperglycemic condition, occurs due to the failure of insulin secretion and resistance. This study investigated the combined effects of exercise training and melatonin (Mel) on the function of heart tissue in diabetic rodent models. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Embase, ProQuest, Cochrane library, Clinicaltrial.gov, WHO, Google Scholar, PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science, Ongoing Trials Registers, and Conference Proceedings in July 2022 with no limit of date or language. All trials associated with the effect of Mel and exercise in diabetic rodent models were included. Of the 962 relevant publications, 58 studies met our inclusion criteria as follows; Mel and type 1 DM (16 studies), Mel and type 2 DM (6 studies), exercise and type 1 DM (24 studies), and exercise and type 2 DM (12 studies). Meta-analysis of the data was done using the Mantel Haenszel method. RESULTS In most of these studies, antioxidant status and oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis rate, lipid profiles, and glucose levels were monitored in diabetic heart tissue. According to our findings, both Mel and exercise can improve antioxidant capacity by activating antioxidant enzymes compared to the control diabetic groups (p < 0.05). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α were reduced in diabetic rodents after being treated with Mel and exercise. Apoptotic changes were diminished in diabetic rodents subjected to the Mel regime and exercise in which p53 levels and the activity of Caspases reached near normal levels (p < 0.05). Based on the data, both Mel and exercise can change the lipid profile in diabetic rodents, especially rats, and close it to near-to-control levels. CONCLUSION These data showed that exercise and Mel can reduce the harmful effects of diabetic conditions on the heart through the regulation of lipid profile, antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Daneshgah Street, Ardabil, 56199-11367 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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204
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Tsai Z, Shah N, Tahir U, Mortaji N, Owais S, Perreault M, Van Lieshout RJ. Dietary interventions for perinatal depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2023:S0002-9165(23)46315-0. [PMID: 37019362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary interventions are a widely available intervention for depression and anxiety among pregnant and/or postpartum (i.e., perinatal) persons but their effectiveness is not well known. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions for the treatment of perinatal depression and/or anxiety. DESIGN We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science from their inception to November 2, 2022. Studies were included if they were available in English and examined the effectiveness of a dietary intervention for perinatal depression and/or anxiety in a randomized controlled trial. RESULTS Our search identified 4,246 articles, 36 of which were included and 28 were eligible for meta-analysis. Random effects meta-analyses were performed. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were not found to improve symptoms of perinatal depression compared to control conditions (SMD -0.11; 95% CI -0.26 to 0.04). These results did not change when examined during pregnancy or the postpartum period separately, nor did they vary according to fatty acid ratio. Elemental metals (iron, zinc, and magnesium) were also not found to be superior to placebo (SMD, -0.42; 95% CI, -1.05 to 0.21), though, vitamin D yielded a small to medium effect size improvements (SMD, -0.52; 95% CI, -0.84 to -0.20) in postpartum depression. Iron may help in those with confirmed iron deficiency. Narrative synthesis was performed for studies ineligible for meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS Despite their widespread popularity, PUFAs and elemental metals do not appear to effectively reduce perinatal depression. Vitamin D taken in doses of 1800 to 3500 International Units (IU) per day may have some promise. Additional high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to determine the true effectiveness of dietary interventions on perinatal depression and/or anxiety. PROSPERO REGISTRATION DATE AND NUMBER July 5th 2020, CRD42020208830.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Tsai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Nirmay Shah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Umair Tahir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neda Mortaji
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sawayra Owais
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maude Perreault
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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205
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Iglesias MJ, Soengas R, López-Ortiz F, Biondi N, Tredici MR, Gutiérrez-Del-Río I, López-Ibáñez S, Villar CJ, Lombó F, López Y, Gabasa Y, Soto S. Effect of culture conditions at lab-scale on metabolite composition and antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Dunaliella tertiolecta. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:356-369. [PMID: 36690599 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dunaliella tertiolecta RCC6 was cultivated indoors in glass bubble column photobioreactors operated under batch and semi-continuous regimens and using two different conditions of light and temperature. Biomass was harvested by centrifugation, frozen, and then lyophilized. The soluble material was obtained by sequential extraction of the lyophilized biomass with solvents with a gradient of polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and its metabolic composition was investigated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of light on chlorophyll biosynthesis was clearly shown through the relative intensities of the 1 H NMR signals due to pheophytins. The highest signal intensity was observed for the biomasses obtained at lower light intensity, resulting in a lower light availability per cell. Under high temperature and light conditions, the 1 H NMR spectra of the hexane extracts showed an incipient accumulation of triacylglycerols. In these conditions and under semi-continuous regimen, an enhancement of β-carotene and sterols production was observed. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the extracts were also tested. Antibacterial activity was not detected, regardless of culture conditions. In contrast, the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) against Escherichia coli for the hexane extract obtained under semi-continuous regimen using high temperature and irradiance conditions was promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Iglesias
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Raquel Soengas
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Natascia Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario R Tredici
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ignacio Gutiérrez-Del-Río
- Área de Microbiología, Research Group BIONUC, Universidad de Oviedo, IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara López-Ibáñez
- Área de Microbiología, Research Group BIONUC, Universidad de Oviedo, IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Área de Microbiología, Research Group BIONUC, Universidad de Oviedo, IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Área de Microbiología, Research Group BIONUC, Universidad de Oviedo, IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yuly López
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaiza Gabasa
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Soto
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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206
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Sklenarova R, Allaw M, Perra M, Castangia I, Frankova J, Luis Pedraz J, Letizia Manca M, Manconi M. Co-delivering of oleuropein and lentisk oil in phospholipid vesicles as an effective approach to modulate oxidative stress, cytokine secretion and promote skin regeneration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 185:126-136. [PMID: 36871904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work oleuropein and lentisk oil have been co-loaded in different phospholipid vesicles (i.e., liposomes, transfersomes, hyalurosomes and hyalutransfersomes), to obtain a formulation capable of both inhibiting the production of different markers connected with inflammation and oxidative stress and promoting the skin repair. Liposomes were prepared using a mixture of phospholipids, oleuropein and lentisk oil. Tween 80, sodium hyaluronate or their combination have been added to the mixture to obtain transfersomes, hyalurosomes and hyalutransfersomes. Size, polydispersity index, surface charge and stability on storage was evaluated. The biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory activity and wound healing effect were tested using normal human dermal fibroblasts. Vesicles were small (mean diameter ∼ 130 nm) and homogeneously dispersed (polydispersity index ∼ 0.14), highly negatively charged (zeta potential 02053-64 mV) and capable of loading 20 mg/mL of oleuropein and 75 mg/mL of lentisk oil. The freeze-drying of dispersions with a cryoprotectant permitted to improve their stability on storage. The co-loading of oleuropein and lentisk oil in vesicles inhibited the overproduction of inflammatory markers, especially MMP-1 and IL-6, counteracted the oxidative stress induced in cells using hydrogen peroxide, and promoted the healing of a wounded area performed in vitro in a cell monolayer of fibroblasts. The proposed co-loading of oleuropein and lentisk oil in natural-based phospholipid vesicles may hold promising therapeutic value especially for the treatment of a wide variety of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Sklenarova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamad Allaw
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Matteo Perra
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ines Castangia
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jana Frankova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josè Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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207
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Park SJ, Sharma A, Lee HJ. Postbiotics against Obesity: Perception and Overview Based on Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6414. [PMID: 37047387 PMCID: PMC10095054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are significant global public health concerns that are increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate. Numerous studies have demonstrated the benefits of probiotics against obesity. Postbiotics are the next generation of probiotics that include bacteria-free extracts and nonviable microorganisms that may be advantageous to the host and are being increasingly preferred over regular probiotics. However, the impact of postbiotics on obesity has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the goal of this review is to gather in-depth data on the ability of postbiotics to combat obesity. Postbiotics have been reported to have significant potential in alleviating obesity. This review comprehensively discusses the anti-obesity effects of postbiotics in cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Postbiotics exert anti-obesity effects via multiple mechanisms, with the major mechanisms including increased energy expenditure, reduced adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation, suppression of food intake, inhibition of lipid absorption, regulation of lipid metabolism, and regulation of gut dysbiosis. Future research should include further in-depth studies on strain identification, scale-up of postbiotics, identification of underlying mechanisms, and well-defined clinical studies. Postbiotics could be a promising dietary intervention for the prevention and management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Joo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Anshul Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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208
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Politeo O, Popović M, Veršić Bratinčević M, Koceić P, Ninčević Runjić T, Mekinić IG. Conventional vs. Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation: Influence on the Chemistry of Sea Fennel Essential Oil and Its By-Products. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1466. [PMID: 37050091 PMCID: PMC10097284 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The main objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of the applied essential oil (EO) isolation method, conventional hydro-distillation (HD), and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MHD) on the chemical profile of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) essential oil and to investigate the main constituents present in the liquid by-products of EOs isolation (hydrolate and residual wastewater). Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was used to isolate hydrolate components, while gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect and analyse the chemical constituents of the essential oils and hydrolates. The phenolic composition of the wastewater extracts was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The EO obtained by MHD had a higher yield of limonene and sabinene. The chemical composition of the hydrolates differed from the EO compositions. The content of terpinen-4-ol in the MHD hydrolate was higher, while several compounds were detected in relatively high proportions only in the HD hydrolate. MHD also resulted in a higher phenolic content of the wastewater, where an increase in the concentration of chlorogenic acid was also observed. It can be concluded that the isolation method had a great influence on the profile of sea fennel EOs, especially on their corresponding hydrolates and residual wastewater extracts. Due to their valuable chemical composition, these by-products can be a cost-effective source of bioactive compounds that have great potential for use in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Politeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Popović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Maja Veršić Bratinčević
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Petra Koceić
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tonka Ninčević Runjić
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Generalić Mekinić
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
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209
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Advances and trends in encapsulation of essential oils. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122668. [PMID: 36754179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a huge concern regarding the potential carcinogenic and mutagenic risks associated with the usage of synthetic chemicals as preservatives in various consumer products such as food and pharmaceutical formulations. In this aspect, there is a need for the development of alternative natural preservatives to replace these synthetic chemicals. More recently, naturally occurring essential oils have emerged as popular ingredients owing to their unique characteristics like antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, to enrich and enhance the functional properties of consumer products. However, due to their high volatility and hydrophobicity, their functionality is lost and their incorporation in aqueous products is challenging. One of the promising strategies to overcome this challenge is encapsulation which involves the entrapment of the essential oil inside a biocompatible material for its controlled release and increased bioavailability. Also, the choice of encapsulation method depends on the component to be encapsulated and the shell material. In this review, encapsulation in various colloidal systems that facilitate the potential delivery of essential oils is discussed. The focus is on encapsulation techniques along with their advantages and disadvantages, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release studies.
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210
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Akçura S, Çakmakçi R, Ürüşan Z. Changes in the essential oil content and composition of pelargonium graveolens l’hér with different drying methods. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2023. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0226221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of various drying methods (fresh plant, shade-drying, sun-drying, and oven-drying at 30 and 60 °C) on the essential oil (EO) composition of rose-scented geranium were determined. Essential oil samples were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS systems. The highest EO contents were obtained in the fresh plant (1.98%), followed by shade-drying (1.34 %) and oven-drying at 30 °C (1.20 %). The main components were citronellol (23.99-39.87%), geraniol (4.15-17.09%), menthone (4.48-8.34%), linalool (1.96-7.42%), β-caryophyllene (2.63-4.32%), geranyl tiglate (0.99-4.52%), citronellyl butyrate (0.53-5.31%) and cis-rose oxide (0.71-3.15%). The drying methods showed a marked impact on the constituents of the EO samples. The results demonstrated that drying the aerial parts of fresh geranium, and shade-drying and oven-drying at 30 °C were the best optimal methods to obtain the highest oil yield, and citronellol, geraniol, and linalool contents in the oil.
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211
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Blais JE, Huang X, Zhao JV. Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials. Drugs 2023; 83:403-427. [PMID: 36941490 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is a nutraceutical that can improve lipid metabolism. Berberine may also affect sex hormones and exert sex-specific lipid-modifying effects, which have been overlooked. This study aimed to comprehensively review the efficacy and safety of berberine in adults for the treatment of dyslipidemia with consideration of potential sex disparity. Data Sources We searched Medline, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to 13 December 2022. No language restrictions were applied. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021293218) prior to completing the literature search. Study Selection Two blinded reviewers assessed studies for inclusion. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials in adults that compared berberine versus placebo, and measured blood lipids or lipoproteins. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data extraction was performed by two blinded reviewers using a structured form in Covidence. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. Mean differences (MD) were estimated using inverse variance weighting with random effects models for lipid outcomes using R. Adverse events (AEs) were described narratively. Main Outcomes Primary outcomes were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. Secondary outcomes were gastrointestinal and muscle-related AEs. RESULTS Eighteen studies (n = 1788 participants), conducted mainly in mainland China and Hong Kong (15 studies [83%]), were included with treatment durations ranging from 4 to 24 weeks. Berberine reduced LDL cholesterol (- 0.46 mmol/L, 95% CI - 0.62 to - 0.30, 14 studies, n = 1447), total cholesterol (- 0.48 mmol/L, 95% CI - 0.63 to - 0.33, 17 studies, n = 1637), triglycerides (- 0.34 mmol/L, 95% CI - 0.46 to - 0.23, 18 studies, n = 1661) and apolipoprotein B (- 0.25 g/L, 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.11, 2 studies, n = 127). Berberine increased HDL cholesterol by 0.06 mmol/L (95% CI 0.00 to 0.11, 15 studies, n = 1471). Notably, the effect on HDL cholesterol was different in women (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.13) from that in men (- 0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI - 0.16 to 0.02). Among 16 studies that reported AEs, no serious AEs were reported for berberine. Gastrointestinal AEs were reported in 12 studies and tended to be more frequent in participants allocated to berberine versus placebo (2-23% vs 2-15%). CONCLUSIONS Berberine produces small reductions in LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B, with potential sex-specific effects on HDL cholesterol. Large-scale trials that consider sex disparity and assess clinical outcomes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Blais
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie V Zhao
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Goutzourelas N, Kevrekidis DP, Barda S, Malea P, Trachana V, Savvidi S, Kevrekidou A, Assimopoulou AN, Goutas A, Liu M, Lin X, Kollatos N, Amoutzias GD, Stagos D. Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Liver Cancer Cells' Growth of Extracts from 14 Marine Macroalgae Species of the Mediterranean Sea. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061310. [PMID: 36981236 PMCID: PMC10048654 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae exhibit beneficial bioactivities for human health. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the antioxidant and anticancer potential of 14 macroalgae species' extracts, namely, Gigartina pistillata, Gigartina teedei, Gracilaria gracilis, Gracilaria sp., Gracilaria bursa pastoris, Colpomenia sinuosa, Cystoseira amentacea, Cystoseira barbata, Cystoseira compressa, Sargassum vulgare, Padina pavonica, Codium fragile, Ulva intestinalis, and Ulva rigida, from the Aegean Sea, Greece. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS•+, •OH, and O2•- radicals' scavenging assays, reducing power (RP), and protection from ROO•-induced DNA plasmid damage assays. Moreover, macroalgae extracts' total polyphenol contents (TPCs) were assessed. Extracts' inhibition against liver HepG2 cancer cell growth was assessed using the XTT assay. The results showed that G. teedei extract's IC50 was the lowest in DPPH (0.31 ± 0.006 mg/mL), ABTS•+ (0.02 ± 0.001 mg/mL), •OH (0.10 ± 0.007 mg/mL), O2•- (0.05 ± 0.003 mg/mL), and DNA plasmid breakage (0.038 ± 0.002 mg/mL) and exhibited the highest RP (RP0.5AU 0.24 ± 0.019 mg/mL) and TPC (12.53 ± 0.88 mg GAE/g dw). There was also a significant correlation between antioxidant activity and TPC. P. pavonica (IC50 0.93 ± 0.006 mg/mL) exhibited the highest inhibition against HepG2 cell growth. Conclusively, some of the tested extracts exhibited significant chemopreventive properties, and so they may be used for food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Phaedon Kevrekidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Barda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Stavroula Savvidi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Alkistis Kevrekidou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Nikolaos Kollatos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Grigorios D Amoutzias
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Lema Ch E, Chóez-Guaranda I, Ruíz-Barzola O, Jaramillo LI, Pacheco Flores de Valgaz Á, Van Den Hende S, Manzano Santana P. Estudio de la variabilidad en el tiempo y espacio de la actividad antioxidante y composición bioquímica de Kappaphycus alvarezii en diferentes densidades de siembra. BIONATURA 2023. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.01.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kappaphycus alvarezii es una de las especies de algas más cultivadas en el mundo, debido a su alto contenido de compuestos bioactivos con reportes antioxidantes y bioestimulantes. El presente estudio evaluó el efecto de las densidades de plantación sobre la composición bioquímica y antioxidante de K. alvarezii cultivada en un sistema de línea larga durante las estaciones seca y húmeda, con el fin de proporcionar una base científica para una cosecha óptima. Se midieron el contenido de humedad, cenizas, grasa, fibra, auxinas, fenoles, flavonoides, DPPH y ABTS. Los datos se analizaron mediante pruebas t, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis y ANOVA unidireccional. Los resultados mostraron un mayor contenido de grasa (2,01 % P.s), fibra bruta (5,21% P.s), contenido total de fenoles (324,09 μg GAE/g P.s) y ABTS (9,32 μg GAE/g P.s) durante la estación seca. Con respecto a la densidad de plantación, se produjo un aumento significativo del contenido en cenizas, fenoles totales y ABTS con una densidad de 10 líneas.célula-1 al mismo tiempo. Los contenidos de flavonoides, DPPH y auxina mostraron una tendencia estacional opuesta, alcanzando los niveles máximos en la estación húmeda. Este estudio aporta nueva información sobre las condiciones ambientales que pueden provocar cambios en la actividad antioxidante y la composición bioquímica de esta especie con vistas al desarrollo de bioproductos para diferentes sectores industriales como el alimentario, el farmacéutico y el de los fertilizantes en Ecuador.
Palabras claves: Alga roja; Fenoles; Flavonoides; Antioxidante; Composición bioquímica; Variación estacional; densidad de siembra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefany Lema Ch
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCV); Campus Gustavo Galindo; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral; Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador
| | - Iván Chóez-Guaranda
- Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE), Campus Gustavo Galindo; Km 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador
| | - Omar Ruíz-Barzola
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNM); Campus Gustavo Galindo; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador
| | - Lorena I. Jaramillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Agroindustria; Facultad de Ingeniería Química y Agroindustria; Ladrón de Guevara E11-253; Quito 170525 ; Ecuador
| | - Ángela Pacheco Flores de Valgaz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCV); Campus Gustavo Galindo; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral; Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador ; Laboratorio de Instrumental; Ingeniería en Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida; Campus María Auxiliadora; Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS); Km 19.5 vía a la Costa; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-2074, Ecuador
| | - Sofie Van Den Hende
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (CENAIM), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), San Pedro de Manglaralto, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Santa Elena, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Manzano Santana
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCV); Campus Gustavo Galindo; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral; Km. 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador; Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE), Campus Gustavo Galindo; Km 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador; Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE), Campus Gustavo Galindo; Km 30.5 vía Perimetral; Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863; Ecuador
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214
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Pollen and bee bread expressed highest anti-inflammatory activities among bee products in chronic inflammation: an experimental study with cotton pellet granuloma in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01182-4. [PMID: 36918444 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effectiveness of bee products on chronic inflammation. In this experimental study, it was aimed to investigate and compare the anti-inflammatory activities of honey, propolis, royal jelly, pollen and bee bread, for the first time in the literature. In the study, 48 Sprague Dawley female albino rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were used and bee products were administered by oral gavage method. Healthy, control, honey, propolis, pollen, royal jelly and bee bread groups were randomized. Chronic inflammation was created by cotton pellet method. For the treatments, 1 g/kg of honey, 300 mg/kg/day of pollen, 100 mg/kg/day of propolis, 500 mg/kg/day of bee bread and 100 mg/kg/day of royal jelly were given for seven days. One week later, cotton pellets were removed, and the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels of the blood samples were measured and compared statistically. It was found that honey, propolis, pollen, bee bread and royal jelly had statistically significant anti-inflammatory activities and significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (p < 0.001). Among the anti-inflammatory cytokines, pollen, bee bread and propolis were found to increase the levels of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-1RA the most. Among the pro-inflammatory cytokines, pollen, bee bread and propolis were the ones that decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels the most; Pollen, bee bread and honey were found to decrease IL-1β the most (p < 0.001). It was found that all bee products have significant anti-inflammatory activities. The highest anti-inflammatory activity was found with pollen administration, followed by bee bread and propolis.
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215
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Alnasser SM, Azam F, Alqarni MH, Aodah AH, Hashmi S, Kamal M, Meshal A, Alam A. Development and Evaluation of Novel Encapsulated Isoeugenol-Liposomal Gel Carrier System for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030228. [PMID: 36975677 PMCID: PMC10048158 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria have seriously threatened the health and safety of the world’s population. This challenge demands the development of alternative therapies based on plant origin. This molecular docking study ascertained the orientation and intermolecular interactions of isoeugenol within penicillin-binding protein 2a. In this present work, isoeugenol as an anti-MRSA therapy was selected by encapsulating it into a liposomal carrier system. After encapsulation into the liposomal carrier, it was evaluated for encapsulation efficiency (%), particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. The percentage entrapment efficiency (% EE) was observed to be 57.8 ± 2.89% with a particle size of 143.31 ± 7.165 nm, a zeta potential of (−)25 mV, and morphology was found to be spherical and smooth. After this evaluation, it was incorporated into a 0.5% Carbopol gel for a smooth and uniform distribution on the skin. Notably, the isoeugenol-liposomal gel was smooth on the surface with a pH of 6.4, suitable viscosity, and spreadability. Interestingly, the developed isoeugenol-liposomal gel was safe for human use, with more than 80% cell viability. The in vitro drug release study shows promising results with 75.95 ± 3.79% of drug release after 24 h. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 8.236 µg/mL. Based on this, it can be concluded that encapsulating isoeugenol into the liposomal gel is a potential carrier for MRSA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H. Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Hashmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alotaibi Meshal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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216
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El-Gendy MA, Mansour M, El-Assal MIA, Ishak RAH, Mortada ND. Travoprost Liquid Nanocrystals: An Innovative Armamentarium for Effective Glaucoma Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030954. [PMID: 36986814 PMCID: PMC10056037 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the ophthalmic application of liquid crystalline nanostructures (LCNs) has not been thoroughly reconnoitered, yet they have been extensively used. LCNs are primarily made up of glyceryl monooleate (GMO) or phytantriol as a lipid, a stabilizing agent, and a penetration enhancer (PE). For optimization, the D-optimal design was exploited. A characterization using TEM and XRPD was conducted. Optimized LCNs were loaded with the anti-glaucoma drug Travoprost (TRAVO). Ex vivo permeation across the cornea, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic studies were performed along with ocular tolerability examinations. Optimized LCNs are constituted of GMO, Tween® 80 as a stabilizer, and either oleic acid or Captex® 8000 as PE at 25 mg each. TRAVO-LNCs, F-1-L and F-3-L, showed particle sizes of 216.20 ± 6.12 and 129.40 ± 11.73 nm, with EE% of 85.30 ± 4.29 and 82.54 ± 7.65%, respectively, revealing the highest drug permeation parameters. The bioavailability of both attained 106.1% and 322.82%, respectively, relative to the market product TRAVATAN®. They exhibited respective intraocular pressure reductions lasting for 48 and 72 h, compared to 36 h for TRAVATAN®. All LCNs exhibited no evidence of ocular injury in comparison to the control eye. The findings revealed the competence of TRAVO-tailored LCNs in glaucoma treatment and suggested the potential application of a novel platform in ocular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. El-Gendy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mai Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mona I. A. El-Assal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Rania A. H. Ishak
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Nahed D. Mortada
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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217
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Moghaddam FD, Heidari G, Zare EN, Djatoubai E, Paiva-Santos AC, Bertani FR, Wu A. Carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites for breast cancer treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120510. [PMID: 36641174 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is known as the most common invasive malignancy in women with the highest mortality rate worldwide. This concerning disease may be presented in situ (relatively easier treatment) or be invasive, especially invasive ductal carcinoma which is highly worrisome nowadays. Among several strategies used in breast cancer treatment, nanotechnology-based targeted therapy is currently being investigated, as it depicts advanced technological features able of preventing drugs' side effects on normal cells while effectively acting on tumor cells. In this context, carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites have gained particular interest among the biomedical community for breast cancer therapy applications due to their advantage features, including abundance in nature, biocompatibility, straightforward fabrication methods, and good physicochemical properties. In this review, the physicochemical properties and biological activities of carbohydrate polymers and their derivate nanocomposites were discussed. Then, various methods for the fabrication of carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites as well as their application in breast cancer therapy and future perspectives were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Golnaz Heidari
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 36716-45667, Iran
| | | | - Essossimna Djatoubai
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MPFE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francesca Romana Bertani
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
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Samec M, Mazurakova A, Lucansky V, Koklesova L, Pecova R, Pec M, Golubnitschaja O, Al-Ishaq RK, Caprnda M, Gaspar L, Prosecky R, Gazdikova K, Adamek M, Büsselberg D, Kruzliak P, Kubatka P. Flavonoids attenuate cancer metabolism by modulating Lipid metabolism, amino acids, ketone bodies and redox state mediated by Nrf2. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175655. [PMID: 36921709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is a common hallmark of malignant transformation. The preference for aerobic glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation in tumors is a well-studied phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Importantly, metabolic transformation of cancer cells also involves alterations in signaling cascades contributing to lipid metabolism, amino acid flux and synthesis, and utilization of ketone bodies. Also, redox regulation interacts with metabolic reprogramming during malignant transformation. Flavonoids, widely distributed phytochemicals in plants, exert various beneficial effects on human health through modulating molecular cascades altered in the pathological cancer phenotype. Recent evidence has identified numerous flavonoids as modulators of critical components of cancer metabolism and associated pathways interacting with metabolic cascades such as redox balance. Flavonoids affect lipid metabolism by regulating fatty acid synthase, redox balance by modulating nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity, or amino acid flux and synthesis by phosphoglycerate mutase 1. Here, we discuss recent preclinical evidence evaluating the impact of flavonoids on cancer metabolism, focusing on lipid and amino acid metabolic cascades, redox balance, and ketone bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Department of Anatomy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Renata Pecova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive, Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Martin Caprnda
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ludovit Gaspar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Robert Prosecky
- 2(nd) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Gazdikova
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mariusz Adamek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2(nd) Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
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219
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The Formulation of the N-Acetylglucosamine as Nanoparticles Increases Its Anti-Inflammatory Activities: An In Vitro Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030343. [PMID: 36978734 PMCID: PMC10045510 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine can represent a new strategy to treat several types of diseases such as those with inflammatory aetiology. Through this strategy, it is possible to obtain nanoparticles with controlled shape, size, and eventually surface charge. Moreover, the use of molecules in nanoform may allow more effective delivery into the diseased cells and tissues, reducing toxicity and side effects of the used compounds. The aim of the present manuscript was the evaluation of the effects of N-acetylglucosamine in nanoform (GlcNAc NP) in an in vitro model of osteoarthritis (OA). Human primary chondrocytes were treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α to simulate a low-grade inflammation and then treated with both GlcNAc and GlcNAc NP, in order to find the lowest concentrations able to counteract the inflammatory state of the cells and ensure a chondroprotective action. The findings showed that GlcNAc NP was able to decrease the pro-inflammatory mediators, IL-6 and IL-8, which are among the main effectors of inflammation; moreover, the nanoparticles downregulated the production of metalloprotease enzymes. GlcNAc NP was effective at a very low concentration compared to GlcNAc in its native form. Furthermore, GlcNAc NP stimulated an increase in collagen type II synthesis. In conclusion, the GlcNAc in nanoform showed better performance than GlcNAc, at concentrations lower than those reached in the joints after oral administration to patients of 1.5 g/die of glucosamine.
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Panizzutti B, Skvarc D, Lin S, Croce S, Meehan A, Bortolasci CC, Marx W, Walker AJ, Hasebe K, Kavanagh BE, Morris MJ, Mohebbi M, Turner A, Gray L, Berk L, Walder K, Berk M, Dean OM. Minocycline as Treatment for Psychiatric and Neurological Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065250. [PMID: 36982324 PMCID: PMC10049047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Minocycline has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties that explain the renewed interest in its use as an adjunctive treatment for psychiatric and neurological conditions. Following the completion of several new clinical trials using minocycline, we proposed an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis of the data available. The PICO (patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcomes) framework was used to search 5 databases aiming to identify randomized controlled trials that used minocycline as an adjunctive treatment for psychiatric and neurological conditions. Search results, data extraction, and risk of bias were performed by two independent authors for each publication. Quantitative meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software. Literature search and review resulted in 32 studies being included in this review: 10 in schizophrenia, 3 studies in depression, and 7 in stroke, with the benefit of minocycline being used in some of the core symptoms evaluated; 2 in bipolar disorder and 2 in substance use, without demonstrating a benefit for using minocycline; 1 in obsessive-compulsive disorder, 2 in brain and spinal injuries, 2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 1 in Alzheimer’s disease, 1 in multiple systems atrophy, and 1 in pain, with mixes results. For most of the conditions included in this review the data is still limited and difficult to interpret, warranting more well-designed and powered studies. On the other hand, the studies available for schizophrenia seem to suggest an overall benefit favoring the use of minocycline as an adjunctive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Panizzutti
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - David Skvarc
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Sylvia Lin
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Sarah Croce
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Alcy Meehan
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Chiara Cristina Bortolasci
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Adam J. Walker
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Kyoko Hasebe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bianca E. Kavanagh
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Margaret J. Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Alyna Turner
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Laura Gray
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Lesley Berk
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Olivia M. Dean
- IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-03-4215-3300
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Birsa ML, Sarbu LG. Health Benefits of Key Constituents in Cichorium intybus L. Nutrients 2023; 15:1322. [PMID: 36986053 PMCID: PMC10058675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Cichorium (Asteraceae) that originates from the Mediterranean area consists of six species (Cichorium intybus, Cichorium frisee, Cichorium endivia, Cichorium grouse, Cichorium chico and Cichorium pumilum). Cichorium intybus L., commonly known as chicory, has a rich history of being known as a medicinal plant and coffee substitute. A variety of key constituents in chicory play important roles as antioxidant agents. The herb is also used as a forage plant for animals. This review highlights the bioactive composition of C. intybus L. and summarizes the antioxidant activity associated with the presence of inulin, caffeic acid derivatives, ferrulic acid, caftaric acid, chicoric acid, chlorogenic and isochlorogenic acids, dicaffeoyl tartaric acid, sugars, proteins, hydroxycoumarins, flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones. It also covers the plant's occurrence, agriculture improvement, natural biosynthesis, geographical distribution and waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura G. Sarbu
- Department of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Mohammed HA, Emwas AH, Khan RA. Salt-Tolerant Plants, Halophytes, as Renewable Natural Resources for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Roles of Phenolics and Flavonoids in Immunomodulation and Suppression of Oxidative Stress towards Cancer Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065171. [PMID: 36982245 PMCID: PMC10048981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Halophytes and xerophytes, plants with adequate tolerance to high salinity with strong ability to survive in drought ecosystem, have been recognized for their nutritional and medicinal values owing to their comparatively higher productions of secondary metabolites, primarily the phenolics, and the flavonoids, as compared to the normal vegetation in other climatic regions. Given the consistent increases in desertification around the world, which are associated with increasing salinity, high temperature, and water scarcity, the survival of halophytes due to their secondary metabolic contents has prioritized these plant species, which have now become increasingly important for environmental protection, land reclamation, and food and animal-feed security, with their primary utility in traditional societies as sources of drugs. On the medicinal herbs front, because the fight against cancer is still ongoing, there is an urgent need for development of more efficient, safe, and novel chemotherapeutic agents, than those currently available. The current review describes these plants and their secondary-metabolite-based chemical products as promising candidates for developing newer cancer therapeutics. It further discusses the prophylactic roles of these plants, and their constituents in prevention and management of cancers, through an exploration of their phytochemical and pharmacological properties, with a view on immunomodulation. The important roles of various phenolics and structurally diverse flavonoids as major constituents of the halophytes in suppressing oxidative stress, immunomodulation, and anti-cancer effects are the subject matter of this review and these aspects are outlined in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz A Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Effectiveness of supplementation with date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) as a functional food on inflammatory markers, muscle damage, and BDNF following high-intensity interval training: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2023:10.1007/s00394-023-03125-9. [PMID: 36881179 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is one of the most effective protocols, even though acute HIIT causes inflammatory and oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of date seeds powder (DSP) during HIIT sessions on inflammation markers, oxidants and antioxidants, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), exercise-induced muscle damage, and body composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six recreational runners (men and women), aged 18-35 years, were randomly assigned to consume 26 g/day of DSP or wheat bran powder during HIIT workouts for a period of 14 days. At baseline, at the end of the intervention, and 24 h after the intervention, blood samples were obtained to determine inflammatory, oxidant/antioxidant, and muscle damage markers, as well as BDNF. RESULTS DSP supplementation resulted in a significant downward trend in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Psupplement × time = 0.036), tumor necrosis factor alpha (Psupplement × time = 0.010), interleukin-6 (Psupplement × time = 0.047), malondialdehyde (Psupplement × time = 0.046), creatine kinase (Psupplement × time = 0.045), and lactate dehydrogenase (Psupplement × time = 0.040) after the intervention, as well as a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (Psupplement × time ≤ 0.001). However, interleukin-10 (Psupplement × time = 0.523), interleukin-6/interleukin-10 (Psupplement × time = 0.061), BDNF (Psupplement × time = 0.160), and myoglobin (Psupplement × time = 0.095) levels did not change significantly in comparison to the placebo group. Moreover, analysis demonstrated that DSP supplementation over 2 weeks had no significant effect on body composition. CONCLUSION During the 2 weeks of the HIIT protocol, the consumption of date seed powder by participants who had engaged in moderate or high physical activity alleviated inflammation and muscle damage. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of TBZMED (No.IR.TBZMED.REC.1399.1011). TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website ( www.IRCt.ir/ , IRCT20150205020965N9).
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Microbiota-Derived Natural Products Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Inside the Gut Pharma Factory. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054997. [PMID: 36902427 PMCID: PMC10003410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have drawn much attention as important tumour-initiating cells that may also be crucial for recurrence after chemotherapy. Although the activity of CSCs in various forms of cancer is complex and yet to be fully elucidated, opportunities for therapies targeting CSCs exist. CSCs are molecularly distinct from bulk tumour cells, so they can be targeted by exploiting their signature molecular pathways. Inhibiting stemness has the potential to reduce the risk posed by CSCs by limiting or eliminating their capacity for tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence. Here, we briefly described the role of CSCs in tumour biology, the mechanisms involved in CSC therapy resistance, and the role of the gut microbiota in cancer development and treatment, to then review and discuss the current advances in the discovery of microbiota-derived natural compounds targeting CSCs. Collectively, our overview suggests that dietary intervention, toward the production of those identified microbial metabolites capable of suppressing CSC properties, is a promising approach to support standard chemotherapy.
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Parajuli K, Fahim N, Mumu S, Palu R, Mustafa A. Antibacterial potential of Luidia clathrata (sea star) tissue extracts against selected pathogenic bacteria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281889. [PMID: 36862671 PMCID: PMC9980771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As resistance to traditional antibiotics has become a major issue, it is essential to explore natural sources for new antimicrobial agents. The marine environment offers a variety of natural bioactive compounds. In this study, we examined the antibacterial potential of Luidia clathrata, a tropical sea star species. The experiment was conducted against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Mycobacterium smegmatis) and gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria using disk diffusion method. Specifically, we extracted the body wall and gonad using methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane. Our findings show that the body wall extract using ethyl acetate (1.78μg/ml) was particularly effective against all tested pathogens, while the gonad extract (0.107μg/ml) showed activity against six out of ten selected pathogens. This is a crucial and new discovery that suggests L. clathrata may be a useful source for discovering antibiotics and more research is required to pinpoint and comprehend the active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Parajuli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America
| | - Nahian Fahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America
| | - Sinthia Mumu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Palu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Mustafa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Differential Apoptotic Effects of Bee Product Mixtures on Normal and Cancer Hepatic Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030615. [PMID: 36978864 PMCID: PMC10045410 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most effective anticancer drugs normally generate considerable cytotoxicity in normal cells; therefore, the preferential activation of apoptosis in cancer cells and the reduction of toxicity in normal cells is a great challenge in cancer research. Natural products with selective anticancer properties used as complementary medicine can help to achieve this goal. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of the addition of bee products [propolis (PR) or royal jelly (RJ) or propolis and royal jelly (PR+RJ), 2–10%] to thyme (TH) and chestnut honeys (CH) on the differential anticancer properties, mainly the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects, in normal and cancer hepatic cells. The cytotoxic effects of samples were analyzed using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay (0–250 mg/mL) and the effects on apoptosis were analyzed using cell cycle analysis, TdT-dUTP terminal nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, DR5 (Death Receptor 5) and BAX (BCL-2-Associated X) activation, and caspases 8, 9, and 3 activities. Both honey samples alone and honey mixtures had no or very little apoptotic effect on normal cells. Antioxidant honey mixtures enhanced the apoptotic capacity of the corresponding honey alone via both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Of all the samples, chestnut honey enriched with 10% royal jelly and 10% propolis (sample 14, CH+10RJ+10PR) showed the highest apoptotic effect on tumor liver cells. The enrichment of monofloral honey with bee products could be used together with conventional anticancer treatments as a dietary supplement without side effects. On the other hand, it could be included in the diet as a natural sweetener with high added value.
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Pan H, Deng M, Zhang B, Fang T, Liu Y. Transcriptome analysis of Tetrahymena thermophila response to exposure with dihydroartemisinin. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14069. [PMID: 36923843 PMCID: PMC10008979 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a derivative of artemisinin and is toxic to parasites. We used the Tetrahymena thermophila (T. thermophila) as a model to explore DHA toxicity. Results showed that low concentration of DHA (20 μmol/L) promoted cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations of DHA (40-1280 μmol/L) inhibited that. Appearance of nucleus was pycnosis by laser scanning confocal microscope. DHA significantly elevated activities of SOD and GSH-Px (P < 0.01) and MDA was markedly increased at high level but decreased at low level (P < 0.01). Further results of transcriptome in T. thermophila treated with different concentration DHA group (0, 20, 160 μmol/L) showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in oxidation-reduction and metabolism of exogenous substances indicated oxidative stress stimulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes showed that DEGs were involved in the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of exogenous substances, glutathione metabolism and ABC transport. Remarkably, DNA replication was significantly enriched in low concentration DHA, energy metabolism related pathways and necrotic process were considerably enriched in high concentration DHA. The results of RT-qPCR of 13 DEGs were the same as that of transcriptome, in which the expression of GST and GPx family genes were significantly altered after exposed to high-DHA group. DHA induced oxidative stress damage through disturbing with energy. However, detoxification pathways in T. thermophila to resist oxidative damage and cell alleviated low concentration DHA stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme. This study provides good practice on pharmacological mechanism of artemisinin-based drugs in antiparasitic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjun Pan
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Meiling Deng
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Tiantian Fang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuguo Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
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Kumar E N, Marathe PA, Kamat SK, Havaldar H, Eldhose M, Mall P. Experimental evaluation of hypnotic and antidepressant effect of pine needles of Cedrusdeodara. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100707. [PMID: 37201295 PMCID: PMC10203744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Padmaja A Marathe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
| | - Sandhya K Kamat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Harshitha Havaldar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Merin Eldhose
- Pharmacology, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Mohanasundaram P, Saral AM. Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anti-Biofilm and Antioxidant Activity of Azadiracta Indica A. Juss. Flowers. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201049. [PMID: 36810960 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study involves investigation of Azadiracta Indica flowers with respect to its pharmacognostic properties, phytochemical screening, and its application as anti-oxidant, anti-biofilm, and anti-microbial agent. The Pharmacognostic characteristics were evaluated with respect to moisture content, total ash content, acid, and water-soluble ash content, swelling index, foaming index, and metal content. The macro and micronutrient content of the crude drug was estimated by AAS and Flame photometric methods and it gives the quantitative estimation of minerals, where calcium is present in abundance (88.64 mg/L). Soxhlet extraction was carried out in the increasing order of polarity of the solvent viz Petroleum Ether (PE), Acetone (AC), and Hydroalcohol (20 %) (HA) to extract the bioactive compounds. The characterization of the bioactive compounds of all the three extract have been carried out using gcms and lcms. The presence of 13 major compounds have been identified in PE extract and 8 compounds in AC extract using gcms studies. The HA extract is found to contain polyphenols, flavanoids, and glycosides. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by DPPH, FRAP, and Phosphomolybdenum assay. This reveals that HA extract shows good scavenging activity than PE and AC extracts which is well correlated with the bioactive compounds, especially phenols which are present as a major component in the extract. The anti-microbial activity was investigated via Agar well diffusion method for all the extracts. Among all the extracts HA extract shows good antibacterial activity with MIC of 25 μg/mL and AC extract shows good anti-fungal activity with MIC of 25 μg/mL. The antibiofilm assay confirms that the HA extract shows good biofilm inhibition about 94 % among other extracts when tested on human pathogens. The results confirm that the HA extract of A. Indica flowers will be an excellent source of natural anti-oxidant and also antimicrobial agents. This paves the way for its potential uses in herbal product formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Mary Saral
- Department of Chemistry, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India -, 632 014
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Tulbah AS. In vitro bio-characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles of favipiravir in A549 human lung epithelial cancer cells. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1076-1086. [PMID: 36994222 PMCID: PMC10040896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. In lung cancer treatment, nebulized solid lipid nanoparticles may be a viable drug delivery method, helping the drug reach sites of action, and improving its inhalation efficiency and pulmonary deposition. This research focused on evaluating the effectiveness of solid lipid nanoparticles of favipiravir (Fav-SLNps) in facilitating drug delivery to sites of action in lung cancer treatment. Methods The hot-evaporation method was used to formulate Fav-SLNps. The in vitro cell viability, anti-cancer effects, and cellular uptake activity were evaluated in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells treated with the Fav-SLNp formulation. Results The Fav-SLNps were formulated successfully. Importantly, Fav-SLNps at a concentration of 322.6 μg/ml were found to be safe and non-toxic toward A549 cells in vitro. The formulation had potential anti-proliferative properties via increasing the proportions of cells in G2/M and G0/G1 phases to 1.20 and 1.13 times those in untreated cells. Additionally, Fav-SLNp treatment significantly induced necrosis in A549 cells. Furthermore, the use of SLNps in the Fav formulation resulted in a macrophage drug uptake 1.23 times that of the free drug. Conclusion Our results confirmed the internalization and anti-cancer activity of the Fav-SLNp formulation in the A549 lung cancer cell line. Our findings suggest that Fav-SLNps could potentially be used as lung cancer treatment to facilitate drug delivery to sites of action in the lungs.
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Shojaee A, Jahandideh A, Nasrollahi Omran A, Sohrabi Haghdoost N, Khosravi M. Antifungal activity of Gracilaria corticata methanol extract against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum on rat dermatophytosis models. Curr Med Mycol 2023; 9:14-20. [PMID: 37867595 PMCID: PMC10590190 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.2023.150672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Dermatophytosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases. Increased resistance of dermatophytosis-causing pathogens against antidermatophytic agents highlights the need for alternative medicine with higher efficiency and lower side effects. In the present study, the in vitro antifungal activities of different concentrations of Gracilaria corticata methanol extract against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum were assessed and their efficacy was evaluated in rat dermatophytosis models. Materials and Methods The broth microdilution and well diffusion methods were used to determine the in vitro antidermatophytic activity. The in vivo study was carried out using 40 dermatophytosis-infected adults male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups (5% and 10% G. corticata ointment, terbinafine, and Vaseline) and treated with ointment until complete recovery. The percentage of wound closure was calculated for each group. Results The results revealed that G. corticata methanol extract was effective to varying extents against the tested dermatophytes. The highest inhibitory activity of G. corticata was found against T. mentagrophytes with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration values of 4 and 9 µg mL-1, respectively. The in vivo experiment revealed that 10% G. corticata ointment significantly accelerated skin lesions reduction and completely cured M. gypseum, T. mentagrophytes, and M. canis infections after 19, 25, and 38 days, respectively. Conclusion The methanol extract of G. corticata exhibited significant antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that it could be used as an alternative to antidermatophytic therapy in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Shojaee
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahandideh
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayatollah Nasrollahi Omran
- Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Nakisa Sohrabi Haghdoost
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Khosravi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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232
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In situ gelling drug delivery systems for topical drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 184:36-49. [PMID: 36642283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In situ gelling formulations are drug delivery systems which typically exist in a liquid form at room temperature and change into gel state after application to the body in response to various stimuli such as changes in temperature, pH and ionic composition. Their biomedical application can further be improved by incorporating drug nanoparticles into in situ gelling systems in order to prolong drug release, reduce dosing frequency and improve therapeutic outcomes of patients, developing highly functional but challenging dosage forms. The composition of in situ gelling formulations influence factors relating to performance such as their syringeability, rheology, drug release profile and drug bioavailability at target sites, amongst other factors. The inclusion of mucoadhesive polymeric constituents into in situ gelling formulations has also been explored to ensure that the therapeutic agents are retained at target site for extended period of time. This review article will discuss traditional techniques (water bath-based vial inversion and viscometry) as well as advanced methodology (rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry, Small Angle Neutron Scattering, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, etc.) for evaluating in situ gel forming systems for topical drug delivery. The clinical properties of in situ gelling systems that have been studied for potential biomedical applications over the last ten years will be reviewed to highlight current knowledge in the performance of these systems. Formulation issues that have slowed the translation of some promising drug formulations from the research laboratory to the clinic will also be detailed.
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Sargazi M, Taghian F. Royal Jelly bioactive compounds and exercise improved cardiomyopathy and redox status in patients under methadone maintenance therapy: Randomized clinical trial. J Herb Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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234
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Emadzadeh B, Naji-Tabasi S, Bostan A, Ghorani B. An insight into Iranian natural hydrocolloids: Applications and challenges in health-promoting foods. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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235
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Sustainable Production of Ajuga Bioactive Metabolites Using Cell Culture Technologies: A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051246. [PMID: 36904246 PMCID: PMC10005297 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Ajuga (Lamiaceae) is rich in medicinally important species with biological activities ranging from anti-inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic to antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and insecticidal effects. Every species contains a unique and complex mixture of bioactive metabolites-phytoecdysteroids (PEs), iridoid glycosides, withanolides, neo-clerodane terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and other chemicals with high therapeutic potential. Phytoecdysteroids, the main compounds of interest, are natural anabolic and adaptogenic agents that are widely used as components of dietary supplements. Wild plants remain the main source of Ajuga bioactive metabolites, particularly PEs, which leads to frequent overexploitation of their natural resources. Cell culture biotechnologies offer a sustainable approach to the production of vegetative biomass and individual phytochemicals specific for Ajuga genus. Cell cultures developed from eight Ajuga taxa were capable of producing PEs, a variety of phenolics and flavonoids, anthocyanins, volatile compounds, phenyletanoid glycosides, iridoids, and fatty acids, and demonstrated antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. The most abundant PEs in the cell cultures was 20-hydroxyecdysone, followed by turkesterone and cyasterone. The PE content in the cell cultures was comparable or higher than in wild or greenhouse plants, in vitro-grown shoots, and root cultures. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate (50-125 µM) or mevalonate and induced mutagenesis were the most effective strategies that stimulated cell culture biosynthetic capacity. This review summarizes the current progress in cell culture application for the production of pharmacologically important Ajuga metabolites, discusses various approaches to improve the compound yield, and highlights the potential directions for future interventions.
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236
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Biswas B, Golder M, Devnath HS, Mazumder K, Sadhu SK. Comparative antihyperglycemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanolic aerial root extracts of Ceriops decandra and Ceriops tagal: Supported by molecular docking and ADMET analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14254. [PMID: 36938384 PMCID: PMC10015254 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceriops decandra (Griff.) (CD) and Ceriops tagal (Perr.) (CT) are two mangrove plants of the Sundarbans distributed along the coastal areas of South Asia and South Pacific Africa. Traditionally, these plants are used to treat diabetes, pain, angina, hemorrhage, and ulcer. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory potential of the aerial roots of CD and CT. At first, the antioxidative potential of CD and CT ethanolic extracts were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays and by determining total antioxidant capacity. The total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and terpenoid contents of CD and CT were also estimated. The extracts' antihyperglycemic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory potential were evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, and formaldehyde-induced paw-edema test, respectively. In vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activities were also assessed. The CD and CT extracts were also analyzed using GCMS for the presence of phytochemicals. Then, molecular docking was carried out with α-glucosidase, α-amylase, cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II), 3-lipoxygenase (3-LOX) enzymes using the compounds found in GCMS analysis as well as the previously reported compounds from CD and CT. Finally, the pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles of eight selected compounds were assessed with SwissADME and admetSAR server. In the antioxidative, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity tests, CT extract showed a greater potential than CD extract. In addition, CT extract demonstrated higher α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity in comparison to CD extract although CD extract exhibited better α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity. Molecular docking studies revealed the presence of potentially bioactive compounds in both CD and CT. 2-(2-methylphenyl)-1-phenyl-(z)-1-propene of CD demonstrated good binding affinities for α-glucosidase, COX-II, and 3-LOX. In addition, 5S*,8S*,9S*,10R*,13S*)-18-hydroxy-16-nor-3-oxodolabr-4(18)-en-15-oic acid had high binding interactions for both α-glucosidase and α-amylase while 2',5,5'-tetramethyl-1,1'-biphenyl, 2-methyl-4-(3'-phenylpropyl)piperidine and decandrin C had high binding interactions for both COX-II and 3-LOX. Finally, 5S*,8S*,9S*,10R*,13S*)-18-hydroxy-16-nor-3-oxodolabr-4(18)-en-15-oic acid, decandrin C, 2-(2-methylphenyl)-1-phenyl-(z)-1-propene and 2-methyl-4-(3'-phenylpropyl)piperidine demonstrated better pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties in the ADMET analysis compared to the others. Hence it can be concluded that the present study supports the traditional usage of CD and CT for diabetes and pain and reveals the presence of bioactive phytochemicals in both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Mimi Golder
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Hiron Saraj Devnath
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Kishor Mazumder
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Samir Kumar Sadhu
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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237
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El-Din WAN, Fadel R, Rashid A, Al-Mahameed AE, Othman MA. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel alleviates lithium-induced alterations in the thyroid gland of rats by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:537-551. [PMID: 36370004 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lithium carbonate (LC) is known to alter thyroid gland function. Pomegranate (PG) is a fruit with multiple antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Here, we studied the effect of PG on LC-induced morphological and functional alterations in the thyroid glands of rats. Rats were divided into four groups: control, lithium, lithium-PG, and PG. After 8 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, the levels of thyroid hormones and oxidative stress markers were estimated, and thyroid tissues were subjected to histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evaluations. Compared to the control group, the lithium group showed significant changes in thyroid hormone levels, greater expression of the oxidant marker malondialdehyde, and lower expression of the antioxidant marker superoxide dismutase (SOD). Most of these changes improved upon PG treatment. Histological evaluation of the thyroid in the lithium group showed disorganization and follicle involution. Additionally, the periodic acid Schiff staining intensity and SOD immunoreactivity declined significantly, whereas the collagen fiber content and Bax immunoreactivity increased. The follicular ultrastructure showed marked distortion. These changes were mitigated upon PG treatment. In conclusion, PG alleviated the morphological and functional changes in the thyroid glands induced by LC by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Amin Nasr El-Din
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Raouf Fadel
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Aisha Rashid
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ali E Al-Mahameed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Manal A Othman
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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238
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Ghasemi F, Ghaffari F, Omidifar N, Taheri Azandaryani M, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Hepatic Response to the Interaction Between Thymoquinone and Iron-Dextran: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1358-1367. [PMID: 35484332 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron is one of the most important essential elements for cell function. However, iron overload can exert destructive effects on various tissues, especially the liver. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on hepatotoxicity induced by iron-overload in in vitro and mouse model. After in vitro studies, thirty mice were divided into five groups, six each. Group 1 received normal saline. Group 2 received five doses of iron dextran (i.p; 100 mg/kg, one dose every 2 days). Group 3 received TQ (orally, 2 mg/kg/day). Groups 4 and 5 were administrated iron dextran saline (i.p; 100 mg/kg, one dose every 2 days) following treatment with 0.5 and 2 mg/kg/day of TQ, respectively. Based on the findings of the DPPH experiment, although TQ has significant anti-radical potential, at a safe dose of 15 × 10+3 nM, it reduced the IC50 of iron dextran on HepG2 cells by about 25%, in in vitro. Following administration of low-dose TQ (0.5 mg/kg), a significant improvement was observed in serum hepatic enzymes activity and hepatic lipid peroxidation compared to iron dextran. However, administration of TQ-high dose (2 mg/kg) led to decrease antioxidant defense alongside increased serum hepatic enzymes and pathological damages in iron dextran-treated animals. Due to the different efficacy of TQ in treatment groups, it seems that the TQ therapeutic index is low and does not have significant safety in the iron overload status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Ghasemi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, 99628, Via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Medical Education Research Center, Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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239
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Naseem S, Tabinda AB, Baqar M, Chohan K, Aslam I, Mahmood A, Yasar A, Zhao S, Zhang G. Organochlorines in the riverine ecosystem of Punjab province, Pakistan: contamination status, seasonal variation, source apportionment, and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40340-40355. [PMID: 36609971 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence, spatio-temporal variations, source apportioning, and ecological risk assessment of selected PCBs and OCPs in surface water and sediments collected riverine environment of Punjab province, Pakistan. The concentration of ΣOCPs (water: 64-455 ng/L; sediments: 117-616 ng/g) and ΣPCBs (water: 2-132 ng/L; sediments: 3.27-200 ng/g) was found comparatively higher than the levels reported from other parts of the world. The higher concentrations of DDTs and HCHs were detected in both studied matrices, whereas among PCBs, CB-28, 49 and CB-37, 82 were dominant in water and sediments, respectively. The isomeric ratios including α-HCH/γ-HCH, (DDE + DDD) / DDTs, and α /β-endosulfan reflected the recent use of lindane, technical DDT, and endosulfan in the study area. The WHO-TEQ values of DL-PCBs ranged from 3.6 × 10-6 to 0.115 ng/L and 8.7 × 10-6 to 0.157 ng/g in surface water and sediments in both seasons, respectively. The spatial variation analysis revealed that the sites in the industrial and agricultural zones were highly contaminated. The OCPs and PCBs fluxes to downstream areas were estimated to be 12.4 tons/year and 1.9 tons/year, respectively. The significant ecological risks were estimated to be posed by OCPs and PCBs, as their levels in 67% and 62% of surface water and sediment samples were exceeding the threshold limits, highlighting effects to ecological integrities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samra Naseem
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amtul Bari Tabinda
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Baqar
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China.
| | - Khurram Chohan
- Department of Geography, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Aslam
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College Women University, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Yasar
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shizhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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240
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Harb N, Sarhan AG, El Dougdoug KA, Gomaa HHA. Ammi-visnaga extract; a novel phyto-antiviral agent against bovine rotavirus. Virusdisease 2023; 34:76-87. [PMID: 37009254 PMCID: PMC10050252 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-022-00803-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of bovine rotavirus has a great impact on animal productivity, milk products, and human public health. Thus, this study aimed to develop a novel, effective and accessible Phyto-antiviral treatment made from methanolic Ammi-visnaga seed extract against rotavirus infection. Rotaviruses were isolated from raw milk and cottage cheese samples randomly collected from Cairo and Qalubia governorates. They were all identified serologically, however, only three of them were both biologically and molecularly confirmed. The methanolic extract derived from Khella seeds (MKSE) was chemically analyzed with mass chromatography. The cellular toxicity of MKSE was tested on Caco-2 cells and its antiviral activity against one of the isolated bovine rotaviruses (BRVM1) was tested by both the cytopathic inhibition assay and the plaque reduction assay. Our results showed that 17.3% of the total collected 150 dairy samples were bovine rotavirus antigen positive. Three representatives of them were phylogenetically identified to be included in group A based on a 379 bp coat protein gene. Visnagin, Benzopyran, Khellin, and Benzenepropanoic acid were the major active components found in the MKSE. The maximum non-toxic concentration of MKSE was 5 µg/mL and the CC50 value was 417 µg/mL. The MKSE exhibited in-vitro antiviral activity against BRVM1 indicated by inhibition of the viral cytopathic effect (SI = 204.5, IP = 98%), causing a 1.5 log decrease in BVRM1 TCID50 and reducing the viral plaques count by the percentage of 93.14% at MNTC (5 ug/ml). In conclusion, our study showed that bovine rotavirus represents a severe health problem that needs attention in Egypt, and it supports using MKSE as a potential natural anti-rotavirus agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Harb
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amira G. Sarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Khalid A. El Dougdoug
- Department of Agric. Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanna H. A. Gomaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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241
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Khalil EA, Swelim H, El-Tantawi H, Abdellatif A. Sea urchin (Diadema savignyi) extract as a novel protective agent against cisplatin induced neurotoxicity in rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:11. [PMID: 36823675 PMCID: PMC9948489 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity is a severe side effect of platinum compounds used for cancer chemotherapy such as Cisplatin. This neurotoxicity leads to severe cognitive and nervous dysfunction, therefore, limiting the dose of Cisplatin and compromising the treatment protocol.The present study investigates the neuroprotective effect of Sea Urchins which is a marine animal known for its rich bioactive compounds. Male Sprague Dawley rats received Cisplatin (2 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks, two times per week, followed by Sea Urchin extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) twice weekly for 4 weeks.Results show that rats treated with Urchin's extracts showed a significant improvement in the thermal (heat and cold) sensitivity compared to untreated rats. Liver enzymes Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Urea levels were also significantly decreased back to normal following treatment with sea urchin extracts. Brain tissue oxidative stress marker Nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation marker Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in the cisplatin-treated rats while the reduced glutathione levels (GSH) and catalase activity (CAT) showed a significant decrease. Treatment with sea Urchin extracts reversed these changes.Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the cerebral cortex reveled degenerative changes such as karyopyknosis and shrunken necrotic ghost like neurons in the cisplatin treated groups. There was also strong positive Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) reactivity and a negative B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 protein (Bcl2) reaction in most apparent neurons, indicating strong apoptotic changes. Treatment with Urchin extracts reversed these changes. Quantification of cerebral cortex neurons also revealed the strong effect of the extracts. Cisplatin treated groups showed 3708 cells/ mm3 compared to 8091 cells/mm3 in the normal rats. Extract treatment increased the neuronal numbers to almost normal levels. Quantification of the Immuno-histochemical expression of GFAP showed an increase by 10-folds after cisplatin administration. A remarkable decline from the cisplatin group was seen in the extract treated groups.In Conclusion, Sea Urchins extracts possess a strong neuroprotective activity and could provide a novel therapeutic method to prevent Cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Khalil
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Swelim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala El-Tantawi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdellatif
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
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242
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PDDA/Honey Antibacterial Nanofiber Composites for Diabetic Wound-Healing: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Studies. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030173. [PMID: 36975623 PMCID: PMC10047982 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)/honey nanofiber wound dressing composites were prepared and their effects on the diabetic wound-healing was evaluated using in vivo experiments. The release of effective compounds and the solubility of nanofibers were controlled through the crosslinking process by glutaraldehyde. The crosslinked nanofibers (crosslinking time was 3 h) showed an absorption capacity at a maximum value of 989.54%. Interestingly, the resultant composites were able to prevent 99.9% of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Furthermore, effective compounds were continuously released from nanofibers for up to 125 h. In vivo evaluation indicated that the use of PDDA/honey (40/60) significantly enhanced wound-healing. On the day 14th, the average healing rate for samples covered by conventional gauze bandage, PDDA, PDDA/honey (50/50), and PDDA/honey (40/60) were 46.8 ± 0.2, 59.4 ± 0.1, 81.7 ± 0.3, and 94.3 ± 0.2, respectively. The prepared nanofibers accelerated the wound-healing process and reduced the acute and chronic inflammation. Hence, our PDDA/honey wound dressing composites open up new future treatment options for diabetic wound diseases.
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243
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Rafieian F, Amani R, Rezaei A, Karaça AC, Jafari SM. Exploring fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare): Composition, functional properties, potential health benefits, and safety. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6924-6941. [PMID: 36803269 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill), a member of the Apiaceae family (Umbelliferaceae), is a hardy and perennial herb, with grooved stems, intermittent leaves, petiole with sheath, usually bisexual flower and yellow umbrella. Although fennel is a typical aromatic plant generally considered native to the Mediterranean shores, it has become widespread in many regions of the world and has long been used as a medicinal and culinary herb. The aim of this review is to collect recent information from the literature on the chemical composition, functional properties and toxicology of fennel. Collected data show the efficacy of this plant in various in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, bronchodilatory, and memory enhancing activities. It has also been shown to be effective on infantile colic, dysmenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome and milk production. This review also aims to identify gaps in the literature that require to be filled by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafieian
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefe Rezaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Aslı Can Karaça
- Department Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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244
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Davidsen JM, Cohen SM, Eisenbrand G, Fukushima S, Gooderham NJ, Guengerich FP, Hecht SS, Rietjens IMCM, Rosol TJ, Harman CL, Taylor SV. FEMA GRAS assessment of derivatives of basil, nutmeg, parsley, tarragon and related allylalkoxybenzene-containing natural flavor complexes. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113646. [PMID: 36804339 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) initiated a program for the re-evaluation of the safety of over 250 natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavoring ingredients in food. In this publication, tenth in the series, NFCs containing a high percentage of at least one naturally occurring allylalkoxybenzene constituent with a suspected concern for genotoxicity and/or carcinogenicity are evaluated. In a related paper, ninth in the series, NFCs containing anethole and/or eugenol and relatively low percentages of these allylalkoxybenzenes are evaluated. The Panel applies the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept and evaluates relevant toxicology data on the NFCs and their respective constituent congeneric groups. For NFCs containing allylalkoxybenzene constituent(s), the estimated intake of the constituent is compared to the TTC for compounds with structural alerts for genotoxicity and when exceeded, a margin of exposure (MOE) is calculated. BMDL10 values are derived from benchmark dose analyses using Bayesian model averaging for safrole, estragole and methyl eugenol using EPA's BMDS software version 3.2. BMDL10 values for myristicin, elemicin and parsley apiole were estimated by read-across using relative potency factors. Margins of safety for each constituent congeneric group and MOEs for each allylalkoxybenzene constituent for each NFC were determined that indicate no safety concern. The scope of the safety evaluation contained herein does not include added use in dietary supplements or any products other than food. Ten NFCs, derived from basil, estragon (tarragon), mace, nutmeg, parsley and Canadian snakeroot were determined or affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under their conditions of intended use as flavor ingredients based on an evaluation of each NFC and the constituents and congeneric groups therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M Davidsen
- Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, 1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, D.C, 20036, USA
| | - Samuel M Cohen
- Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, Dept. of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983135 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-3135, USA
| | - Gerhard Eisenbrand
- University of Kaiserslautern, Germany (Retired), Kühler Grund 48/1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shoji Fukushima
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, 2445 Hirasawa, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0015, Japan
| | - Nigel J Gooderham
- Dept. of Metabolism, Digestion, Reproduction, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232-0146, USA
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center and Dept. of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St, S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 1 Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Christie L Harman
- Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, 1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, D.C, 20036, USA
| | - Sean V Taylor
- Scientific Secretary to the FEMA Expert Panel, 1101 17th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, D.C, 20036, USA.
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245
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Rahimi S, Rafinejad J, Akhavan AA, Ahmadkhaniha R, Bakhtiyari M, Khamesipour A, Akbarzadeh K. The therapeutic effect of larval saliva and hemolymph of Lucilia sericata on the treatment of Leishmania major lesion in BALB/c mice946. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:72. [PMID: 36797798 PMCID: PMC9936726 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a major challenge for the public health and medical community. It has been claimed that natural compounds derived from fly larvae have anti-leishmania properties against some species of Leishmania. The present study aimed at assessing the in vitro effects of larval products of Lucilia sericata against the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania major. Also, the therapeutic effect of larval products on lesions induced by L. major infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice models. METHODS Parasite specimens and macrophage cells were exposed to varying concentrations of larval products for 24-120 h. Lesion progression and parasite load were investigated in the models to assess the therapeutic effects of the products. RESULTS The larval products displayed more potent cytotoxicity against L. major promastigotes. The IC50 values for larval saliva and hemolymph were 100.6 and 37.96 ug/ml, respectively. The IC50 of glucantime was 9.480 ug/ml. Also, the saliva and hemolymph of L. sericata exhibited higher cytotoxicity against the promastigotes of L. major but were less toxic to the macrophage cells. Treatment with leishmanicidal agents derived from larvae of L. sericata decreased the infection rate and the number of amastigotes per infected host cell at all concentrations. Lesion size was significantly (F (7, 38) = 8.54, P < 0.0001) smaller in the treated mice compared with the untreated control group. The average parasite burden in the treated mice groups (1.81 ± 0.74, 1.03 ± 0.45 and 3.37 ± 0.41) was similar to the group treated with a daily injection of glucantime (1.77 ± 0.99) and significantly lower (F (7, 16) = 66.39, P < 0.0001) than in the untreated control group (6.72 ± 2.37). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the larval products of L. sericata were effective against L. major parasites both in vivo and in vitro. However, more clinical trial studies are recommended to evaluate the effects of these larval products on human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahimi
- grid.449862.50000 0004 0518 4224Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Javad Rafinejad
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadkhaniha
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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246
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Ramdhun Y, Mohanta M, Arunachalam T, Gupta R, Verma D. Bromelain-loaded polyvinyl alcohol–activated charcoal-based film for wound dressing applications. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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247
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Kameri A, Haziri A, Hashani Z, Dragidella A, Kurteshi K, Kurti A. Antibacterial Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. Extract Against Enterococcus faecalis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:13-20. [PMID: 36820402 PMCID: PMC9938646 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s399756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the demand for better efficiency during endodontic therapy, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficiency of ethyl acetate (EthOAc) extract of Matricaria chamomilla (L.) against Enterococcus faecalis and compare with standard root canal irrigation solutions. Material and Methods The antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis of the EthOAc extract of Matricaria chamomilla was assessed without, or with dentine powder, using agar disk diffusion method. The inhibition zones induced by the EthOAc extract were observed after 5 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours and compared with standard irrigation solutions (2% chlorhexidine and 2% sodium hypochlorite) without, or after mixing with dentine powder. Statistical analysis of the results were analysed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way ANOVA. Results There was no inhibition zone in samples with and without dentine powder after combination of ethyl acetate extract of Matricaria chamomilla with sodium hypochlorite. When the extract was used alone in samples without dentine powder, the inhibition zone was 9.7 mm after 24 h, but this zone was decreased after adding dentine powder (7.7 mm). When the extract was used in combination with CHX, the inhibition zone in samples with dentine powder was 25.3 mm, but it was decreased after adding dentine powder (21.7 mm). Conclusion The EthOAc extract of Matricaria chamomilla as alternative root canal irrigant may be a useful natural agent with antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Also, it showed promising results in endodontic therapy after combination with chlorhexidine in Enterococcus faecalis eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Kameri
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Medicine, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Arben Haziri
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Faculty, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Zeqir Hashani
- Education Faculty, University of Prizren “Ukshin Hoti”, Prizren, Kosova
| | - Agime Dragidella
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Medicine, Prishtina, Kosova,Correspondence: Agime Dragidella, Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Medicine, Rrethi i spitalit, p.n, Prishtina, 10000, Kosova, Tel +383 44 130 674, Fax +383 38 512 525, Email
| | - Kemajl Kurteshi
- Department of Biology, Natural Science Faculty, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Arsim Kurti
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtina, Kosova
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248
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Noreen S, Hasan S, Ghumman SA, Anwar S, Gondal HY, Batool F, Noureen S. Formulation, Statistical Optimization, and In Vivo Pharmacodynamics of Cydonia oblonga Mucilage/Alginate Mucoadhesive Microspheres for the Delivery of Metformin HCl. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5925-5938. [PMID: 36816641 PMCID: PMC9933240 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, attention has shifted toward the utilization of natural polymers for encapsulation and sustained release of health-hazardous drugs. The purpose of this work is to define and assess the sustained delivery potential and mucoadhesive potential of a Cydonia oblonga mucilage (COM) and sodium alginate (Na-Alg)-constituting polymeric delivery carrier of antidiabetic drugs with a specific end goal to retain metformin HCl in the stomach while expanding the drug's bioavailability. Metformin HCl was encapsulated in mucoadhesive microspheres by an ionic gelation method. Polymers with different combinations were tried, and the resulting mucoadhesive COM/Na-Alg microspheres were assessed for particle size (mm) PS/Y1, drug encapsulation efficiency DEE (%)/Y2, and in vitro percentage cumulative drug release R12h/Y3 using Drug Design Expert software version 10. The response surface methodology by a 32-central composite design predicted optimal synthesis parameters for the microspheres to be 295 mg for COM and 219 mg for Na-Alg. An optimized formulation was prepared under these conditions and used to evaluate the micrometric properties, morphology and structural characteristics, swelling behavior, in vitro drug release, and kinetics. Acute toxicity studies were carried out on blank COM/Na-Alg microspheres to deem them safe for in vivo studies. The DEE (%) was calculated to be 85.8 ± 1.67, whereas scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a coarse surface with characteristic wrinkles and cracks with an optical microscopic particle size of 0.96 ± 2.45. The ex vivo tests showed great mucoadhesive properties and good swelling behavior with pH-responsive drug release and a significant reduction in in vivo blood glucose levels. The results advocated the use of optimized microspheres to enhance the bioactivity with a possible dose reduction, making it less symptomatic, reducing the expense of the treatment, and subsequently facilitating better patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Noreen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Sara Hasan
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Shoaib Anwar
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Fozia Batool
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Noureen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
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249
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Current Status of Peptide Medications and the Position of Active Therapeutic Peptides with Scorpion Venom Origin. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp-134049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
: Peptides are highly potent, selective, and relatively safe therapeutics. Over the past two decades, natural peptides have been obtained, studied, and eventually approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to advancements in identification, production, modification, and analytical technologies. Some peptide therapeutics has been derived from the venom gland of venomous animals, including snake, leech, lizard, snail, and scorpion. Scorpion was identified as a reservoir of important peptides with pharmaceutical properties. The scorpion uses these peptides for capturing prey and defense. However, their pharmacological properties in treating different diseases, including cardiac problems, autoimmune and infectious diseases, and diverse cancers, have been confirmed. Ion channel modifiers are the greatest components of the scorpion venom glands. Due to advances in proteomic and transcriptomic approaches, the identification of new scorpion venom peptides is steadily increasing. In this review, we tried to represent the current status of peptide medicines and describe the last peptide medications approved by FDA in 2022. Moreover, we will further explain potent peptides originating from scorpion venom, which have gone through important steps to be approved.
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250
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Beyond the Risk of Biofilms: An Up-and-Coming Battleground of Bacterial Life and Potential Antibiofilm Agents. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020503. [PMID: 36836860 PMCID: PMC9959329 DOI: 10.3390/life13020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogens and their virulence factors like biofilms are one of the major factors which influence the disease process and its outcomes. Biofilms are a complex microbial network that is produced by bacteria on any devices and/or biotic surfaces to escape harsh environmental conditions and antimicrobial effects. Due to the natural protective nature of biofilms and the associated multidrug resistance issues, researchers evaluated several natural anti-biofilm agents, including bacteriophages and their derivatives, honey, plant extracts, and surfactants for better destruction of biofilm and planktonic cells. This review discusses some of these natural agents that are being put into practice to prevent biofilm formation. In addition, we highlight bacterial biofilm formation and the mechanism of resistance to antibiotics.
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